[HN Gopher] A Louisiana gas plant sea wall shows challenges of f...
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       A Louisiana gas plant sea wall shows challenges of flooding, energy
       demand
        
       Author : howard941
       Score  : 36 points
       Date   : 2024-07-05 15:13 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.washingtonpost.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.washingtonpost.com)
        
       | tda wrote:
       | Concrete seawalls are almost always inferior to well engineered
       | earth structures. Only when space is at a premium it may be
       | better to use concrete, but in roughly all other cases a concrete
       | structure is more expensive and more likely to fail
       | catastrophically. But somehow a lot of people have the "something
       | substantial needs to be done" mindset and just don't think moving
       | earth is substantial enough. Or at least that is my tale when I
       | see the pictures. Maybe someone knowledgeable on the local
       | situation can chime in on why concrete was chosen?
        
         | pjot wrote:
         | New Orleanian here - the areas in the article are generally on
         | top of swampland and structures sink/erode quite substantially.
         | They're also outside of the levee protection zone which are
         | primarily earthen levees. When following the road all the way
         | to the end[0] roughly halfway it's a real trip when you pass
         | the massive concrete structure with a flood gate and suddenly
         | see water bordering each side of the road. It's also quite
         | dystopian the amount of giant oil facilities that you pass by.
         | 
         | There are non-earthen levees in the city as well. For instance
         | in the 9th ward. These are the levees that failed during
         | Katrina. It's the Army Corps of Engineers that constructs these
         | levees and have become more complex (better?) over time;
         | imagine an upside-down "T" structure buried in the ground.
         | 
         | If I had to guess, I suppose the reason may be that it's
         | because they're outside the protection zone, and so, when it
         | floods (not if) their infrastructure would be surrounded
         | regardless. Also, a concrete structure surrounding only their
         | plant I assume is orders of magnitude cheaper than moving the
         | amount of earth it would take to build 100+ miles of earthen
         | levees.
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Venice,_Southernmost...
        
       | metaphor wrote:
       | https://archive.is/16ugr
        
       | KennyBlanken wrote:
       | A reminder that the federal government _still_ showers the fossil
       | fuel industry with money and favorable tax regulations in almost
       | every form imaginable.
       | 
       | * Name-your-price expenses for drilling costs
       | 
       | * Superfund-cleanup-excise-tax exemptions for crude extracted
       | from certain kinds of fields
       | 
       | * A tax rate of 21% thanks to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (it was
       | 35%)
       | 
       | * Explicit subsidies
       | 
       | * Underpricing the environmental, health, and economic
       | damage/expenses/losses caused by fossil fuel burning (versus
       | renewable energy)
       | 
       | * Near-freezing of sales taxes on fossil fuels, resulting in them
       | falling dramatically when adjusted for inflation despite growing
       | evidence of how widespread their harm is, and obvious growing
       | costs from their continued use
       | 
       | In 2021, the federal government gave the coal industry alone
       | _half a billion dollars_ in  "R&D" funding.
       | 
       | Meanwhile there's a myth that we need all this for "energy
       | independence." We've gone well beyond "energy independence" to
       | "fourth largest exporter of oil" and "#1 in oil extraction in the
       | world." We extract twice as much oil as the Saudis.
       | 
       | One of the reasons "green" tech was so expensive for so long: the
       | massive handouts being given to the fossil fuel industry. The
       | next time you're filling up your gas tank and grumbling about
       | high gas prices, think about how they receive at least twenty
       | billion dollars a year from the feds - not counting state and
       | local stuff.
       | 
       | Only in the last 2-3 years has funding for renewable energy
       | technology started to approach that being given the (heavily
       | established, dominating) fossil fuel industry.
       | 
       | What's wild is that despite those huge handouts for fossil fuel
       | industries, solar and wind dropped below fossil fuel costs (per
       | GWhr) well before the funding increase, and have continued to
       | drop.
       | 
       | Don't even get me started on the handouts the nuclear (fission)
       | industry gets, including free training for thousands of nuclear
       | plant techs thanks to the navy...while the cost of nuclear power
       | has only gone up despite being only a decade or two shy of a
       | century worth of development.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >* Name-your-price expenses for drilling costs
         | 
         | >* Explicit subsidies
         | 
         | >In 2021, the federal government gave the coal industry alone
         | half a billion dollars in "R&D" funding.
         | 
         | source?
         | 
         | >* Near-freezing of sales taxes on fossil fuels, resulting in
         | them falling dramatically when adjusted for inflation despite
         | growing evidence of how widespread their harm is, and obvious
         | growing costs from their continued use
         | 
         | Given that there's no sales taxes at the federal level, and
         | there's an excise tax specifically for fuels, it's a bit
         | baffling to say that's "favorable tax regulations". It might
         | not be indexed to inflation, but it's still less favorable tax
         | treatment than for most other goods.
        
           | asah wrote:
           | fwiw, I tried to find a source and couldn't... also, R&D
           | funding gets messy since the definition can be blurred by
           | what's considered R&D, if and how much energy or other R&D
           | goes to coal, etc... finally, it's unclear if $500M is a lot
           | or a little - wind/solar get billions in many forms of
           | support...
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | > * A tax rate of 21% thanks to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (it
         | was 35%)
         | 
         | That's... the standard corporate tax rate? It really undercuts
         | your argument when you're outraged over them _not_ being
         | treated specially.
        
       | crote wrote:
       | > While Venture Global declined to make officials available for
       | interviews, it has insisted its steel wall is designed to
       | withstand a once-in-500 years storm.
       | 
       | The problem with those "once-in-500 years" figures is that they
       | are based on historical data - and climate change is rapidly
       | invalidating that data. Climate change doesn't mean it's 1.5degC
       | warmer year-round, or the sea level is 20cm higher worldwide: it
       | means weather becomes more more extreme. What was a "once-in-500"
       | event a few decades ago might turn into a "once-in-25" event a
       | few years from now. We are already noticing those changes in day-
       | to-day life!
        
         | pjot wrote:
         | And considering weather in the US has been recorded for only
         | about 250 years it's hard to say what a 500-year storm even
         | looks like.
        
           | nwiswell wrote:
           | This is like saying that if you've only seen 250 people in
           | your life, it's hard to imagine someone who is at the 99.8th
           | percentile of height.
        
         | brutusborn wrote:
         | It's not really a problem, you just adjust the size of your
         | assumed storm. We have lots of climate models and data to
         | adjust predicted sizes.
         | 
         | Climate change effects are already being included when
         | calculating wind and wave loading in many codes.
         | 
         | The real issue is that engineering codes use frequentist
         | methods which make it hard to consider uncertainty, which often
         | makes it unclear what the real safety factors are. This issue
         | is being solved by using probabilistic engineering techniques,
         | and in future, more sophisticated causal inference.
        
       | skybrian wrote:
       | It seems the question is whether a 26-foot-high steel wall is
       | enough. I would have liked more engineering detail.
       | 
       | It's quoting experts instead of describing what studies that have
       | been done.
        
       | trhway wrote:
       | Judging by the freely trafficked drone footage there is no
       | "Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act" style protection for the fossil
       | fuel industry in LA. Seems like the industry's lobbyists are just
       | a waste of money :) One can also wonder whether it is a pure sea
       | wall or a security measure against protesters or say people
       | seeking refuge when displaced by some future flooding, etc. I
       | mean it looks like a setting from some cataclismic movie.
        
       | cbb330 wrote:
       | > How far will the fossil fuel industry go to protect itself from
       | climate impacts it helped cause?
       | 
       | As far as their customers take them :)
       | 
       | - sent from my iPhone which was delivered to me via fossil fuels
        
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       (page generated 2024-07-07 23:00 UTC)