[HN Gopher] Volcanoes can affect climate
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Volcanoes can affect climate
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 65 points
       Date   : 2024-07-05 17:30 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.usgs.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.usgs.gov)
        
       | nadermx wrote:
       | I always figured volcanos where the Earth's engine exhaust pipes
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | It's also water cooled
        
         | mortify wrote:
         | Red 5 standing by.
        
           | robxorb wrote:
           | I can't stop laughing, thank you.
        
             | AtlasBarfed wrote:
             | It was a port, not a pipe
        
       | andrew_eu wrote:
       | > Do the Earth's volcanoes emit more CO2 than human activities?
       | No.
       | 
       | I hope that a moderately dry and educational page like this would
       | not be taken down for political satisfaction.
        
         | ffgjgf1 wrote:
         | Large eruptions probably would. Short term anyway, they don't
         | really happen often enough.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | People average 100x the annual CO2 from all volcanoes
           | combined. Large eruptions release a great deal of matter but
           | not that much CO2 as a percentage and not very quickly.
           | 
           | Even if by large you're talking about once in 50 year events
           | like the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo that lasted days
           | during which it released 10 cubic kilometers of material. But
           | it still only added 0.05 GT of CO2, roughly what people
           | currently release every 12 hours.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_eruption_of_Mount_Pinatub.
           | ..
           | 
           | There's been larger eruptions, but I think we're looking past
           | what people consider 'Large' into apocalyptic events.
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | Pinatubo affected the ozone layer as well
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Your point?
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | People should be discussing it upfront but apparently
               | Paul Crutzen thinks it's a risk worth taking so I'll
               | watch and wait.
        
             | marginalia_nu wrote:
             | Why would we expect a volcano to emit more than incidental
             | amounts of CO2 in the first place? Despite the superficial
             | similarities, it's not a bonfire.
        
       | nozzlegear wrote:
       | In Neal Stephenson's book Termination Shock, a billionaire builds
       | a sulfur cannon designed to fire sulfur into the atmosphere with
       | the intent to cool the Earth and alter climate change. He names
       | the cannon "Pina2bo" after Mount Pinatubo, which the article
       | talks about.
        
         | sitkack wrote:
         | We have these already, they are called cargo carriers.
         | 
         | https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-how-low-sulphur-shippin...
         | 
         | This sucks, it looks like one form of compliance is to "clean"
         | the exhaust in ocean water.
         | 
         | https://insideclimatenews.org/news/17072023/ship-scrubbers-w...
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | I wonder if one day we'll figure a way to trigger a massive
       | volcanic eruption (in an unpopulated area) as a way to fight
       | climate change.
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | Krakatoa and Mount Tambora led to measurable famine, so it's
         | probably not a good idea.
        
         | ffgjgf1 wrote:
         | Presumably that would result in massive amounts of air
         | pollution (much of it probably heavily localized) which would
         | be pretty awful.
        
       | sebnukem2 wrote:
       | This post is most likely related to a recent post on HN:
       | https://unchartedterritories.tomaspueyo.com/p/so2-injection
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | The Paul Crutzen quote is huge. I wonder if Pueyo read Susan
         | Solomon's work on Australian wildfires, particulate pollution,
         | SO2 and ozone though.
        
       | somat wrote:
       | When I am in the right sort of contrary mood I like to do a
       | little mustache twirl and boldly proclaim.
       | 
       | We worked hard to get the sulfur compounds out of our fuels...
       | What if that was a long term mistake. Perhaps we should be
       | putting extra sulfur in our jet fuels.
       | 
       | Acid rain was not that bad... was it?
        
         | shagie wrote:
         | > We worked hard to get the sulfur compounds out of our
         | fuels... What if that was a long term mistake.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratospheric_aerosol_injectio...
         | 
         | > Stratospheric aerosol injection is a proposed method of solar
         | geoengineering (or solar radiation modification) to reduce
         | global warming. This would introduce aerosols into the
         | stratosphere to create a cooling effect via global dimming and
         | increased albedo, which occurs naturally from volcanic winter.
         | 
         | Also read https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_dimming
         | https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sun/ (you can find snippets of
         | the NOVA program about)
         | 
         | > Perhaps we should be putting extra sulfur in our jet fuels.
         | 
         | Kind of... though it's an interesting thing.
         | https://e360.yale.edu/features/how-airplane-contrails-are-he...
         | 
         | I recall a suggestion that jets should "run rich" which would
         | increase the water vapor in the exhaust and create more
         | contrails _in combination with_ eliminating redeye flights so
         | that contrails aren 't formed at night (allowing more radiative
         | escape)
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_cloud_brightening
         | 
         | > Marine cloud brightening also known as marine cloud seeding
         | and marine cloud engineering is a proposed solar radiation
         | management climate engineering technique that would make clouds
         | brighter, reflecting a small fraction of incoming sunlight back
         | into space in order to offset anthropogenic global warming.
         | Along with stratospheric aerosol injection, it is one of the
         | two solar radiation management methods that may most feasibly
         | have a substantial climate impact.
        
         | ruined wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Venus
        
         | aaroninsf wrote:
         | The what-if premise of
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termination_Shock_(novel) is:
         | 
         | What if an enterprising billionaire got tired of waiting for
         | meaningful action to mitigate climate change,
         | 
         | and undertook to put sulfur back into the atmosphere, on the
         | cheap?
         | 
         | "Taken from tomorrow's headlines..." perhaps. There are no
         | international conventions or bodies currently prepared to
         | regulate cowboy geoengineering, let alone capable of coercion.
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | The much better solution is injecting it into the stratosphere,
         | where it will have the full reflective effect, while having
         | orders of magnitude less acid rain impact.
         | 
         | > _Acid rain was not that bad... was it?_
         | 
         | My least favorite property of environmentalism is the inability
         | to consider tradeoffs.
         | 
         | If asked to choose between acid rain and global warming, the
         | typical environmentalist will just refuse.
        
           | llamaimperative wrote:
           | Is it "inability to consider tradeoffs" or "humility in the
           | face of our repeated failure to engineer biological systems
           | the way we intend to?"
           | 
           | You have very little idea what will happen if we inject
           | sulfur into the stratosphere.
        
       | exegete wrote:
       | Just because a volcano eruption can cool the planet doesn't mean
       | it's a good idea. The cooling would only be temporary anyway.
       | 
       | Check out the Year without a Summer for a historical example:
       | 
       | > The year 1816 AD is known as the Year Without a Summer because
       | of severe climate abnormalities that caused average global
       | temperatures to decrease by 0.4-0.7 degC (0.7-1 degF). Summer
       | temperatures in Europe were the coldest of any on record between
       | 1766 and 2000, resulting in crop failures and major food
       | shortages across the Northern Hemisphere.
       | 
       | > Evidence suggests that the anomaly was predominantly a volcanic
       | winter event caused by the massive 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora
       | in April in the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia).
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year_Without_a_Summer
        
         | nomel wrote:
         | > The cooling would only be temporary anyway.
         | 
         | And, increase CO2, increasing warming, in the long term. I
         | would also naively assume that the reduced light would somewhat
         | pause natural sequestration, from plants, for the duration of
         | the cooling.
        
         | silverquiet wrote:
         | > The cooling would only be temporary anyway.
         | 
         | I'd say just do it till I no longer need the earth; you all can
         | burn it to the ground once I'm gone.
        
       | taeric wrote:
       | I've been curious before on how much an underwater volcano would
       | impact things. Any chance that is already modeled in a place to
       | read?
        
       | 6d6b73 wrote:
       | In other news the grass is green.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-07-05 23:00 UTC)