[HN Gopher] Analyzing my electricity consumption
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       Analyzing my electricity consumption
        
       Author : skadamat
       Score  : 142 points
       Date   : 2024-07-03 18:04 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (zdimension.fr)
 (TXT) w3m dump (zdimension.fr)
        
       | CharlesW wrote:
       | Question for experts: I'm on SDG&E (North County San Diego) and
       | apparently have a smart meter that supports HAN at 900 MHz, but
       | at the end of last year SDG&E declared "no new devices [HAN
       | devices] can be connected". Does this mean that if I want to
       | monitor my electricity use that I'm out of luck?
        
         | minitoar wrote:
         | That was just for local real-time monitoring iirc, using eg an
         | Emporia Vue. I think you can still get the data from their
         | website.
        
           | CharlesW wrote:
           | SDG&E supports "Green Button" downloads, but I wonder how
           | long that will last -- the links in the "Apps" section of
           | https://www.energy.gov/data/green-button are dead, the
           | official GitHub repo and Green Button Alliance repo appear to
           | have gone into a coma around 2015, and Wikipedia doesn't have
           | an entry for it.
        
       | Scoundreller wrote:
       | > the organization managing the national French power grid
       | (Enedis) has been in the process of replacing the legacy "dumb"
       | electricity meters by "smart" meters, known under the brand name
       | "Linky"
       | 
       | My jurisdiction, Ontario Canada, mass implemented these and found
       | that people didn't really shift their peak demand use much and
       | it's debatable if the amount spent was worth it. Costs just as
       | much to implement for light users but they're diminishing returns
       | for any habit changes.
       | 
       | https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports...
       | 
       | Also went all-in on submetering small units like
       | condominiums+apartments where there's not much tenant/occupant
       | ability to control their usage/equipment. If anything, just
       | further encourages owners/builders to install the poorest
       | efficiency stuff since they're not paying the usage bill.
       | 
       | Not surprising that other tactics are more effective (dirt cheap
       | LEDs, renovation programs, improving appliance efficiency... my
       | TV and computers use a fraction of what they used to, wall warts
       | are all SMPS now).
       | 
       | Still can't find a "smart fridge" that runs in ultra-chill mode
       | when rates are cheap and backs off when they're high. Kinda
       | antithetical to use more electricity to save but it's true.
       | 
       | I really wish they could push the telecoms to focus on CPE
       | efficiency since I'm forced to use their equipment.
        
         | 01HNNWZ0MV43FF wrote:
         | > Still can't find a "smart fridge" that runs in ultra-chill
         | mode when rates are cheap and backs off when they're high.
         | Kinda antithetical to use more electricity to save but it's
         | true.
         | 
         | It makes sense if you think of the thermal mass as a battery.
         | Technology connections says he does that with his air
         | conditioner, runs it hard overnight so it stays cold longer
         | with less effort during the day
        
           | bcrosby95 wrote:
           | It being cold also tends to help with better sleep.
           | 
           | We set our AC to 76 during most of the day, 80 during on-peak
           | pricing, and 72 overnight.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | > runs it hard overnight so it stays cold longer with less
           | effort during the day
           | 
           | Shouldn't it be the other way around? The days when
           | electricity was cheaper at night are long gone.
        
             | formerly_proven wrote:
             | Heat pumps are more efficient the smaller the temperature
             | gradient is.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > The days when electricity was cheaper at night are long
             | gone.
             | 
             | That must be a regional thing. In the PNW, my power rate
             | during most of the day is twice what it is at night, and
             | during the evening peak it doubles again.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | It's still the case in Canada because our peak electricity
             | usage is driven by summer daytime aircon and solar is a
             | small percentage of generation.
             | 
             | Heating is still primarily fossil fuel, for now.
             | 
             | Night time loads are generally low with big baseload hydro
             | and nuclear generation in the more populated
             | states/provinces.
        
             | infecto wrote:
             | In what markets? In most/all of the markets I can think of,
             | night time rates are still cheaper. Even in markets with
             | large Solar installations (CA, USA) peak rates are still
             | during the day.
        
             | throwup238 wrote:
             | _> Shouldn 't it be the other way around? The days when
             | electricity was cheaper at night are long gone._
             | 
             | Are they? Here in California most energy companies offer
             | plans with much cheaper rates overnight for EV charging
             | (i.e. $0.15 vs $0.45-$0.90 peak during the day).
             | 
             | Commercial and industrial customers account for two thirds
             | of power consumption so there's a lot of surplus generation
             | at night. Lots of industrial users have agreements where
             | the power company can signal them to soak up surplus power
             | but that's also less effective at night when wind picks up.
        
             | squeaky-clean wrote:
             | 2-4pm for me is about 6x the price of 2-4am. NYC.
        
           | snthd wrote:
           | https://fridge0.branchable.com/thermal_mass/
        
         | goda90 wrote:
         | Changing the temperature of a fridge based on electricity rates
         | just feels like a bad idea. A lot of food can have its texture
         | ruined by slow freezing (a common occurrence at the back of
         | many fridges already) and waiting to get food down to the
         | target temperature will just lead to bacterial growth.
        
           | minitoar wrote:
           | Most freezers already do a defrost cycle so could probably
           | play with that. It's only a few degrees oscillation so idk
           | how much savings you could get there.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | A modern fridge only consumes around 350kW a year or so, so
             | any savings are going to be modest. It would not be the
             | first target if I wanted to cut my power usage, especially
             | if the consequence was going to be more freezer burn.
        
               | minitoar wrote:
               | I think the consequence would be less freezer burn and
               | more frost buildup.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Seems like having an ultra-chill button for that function
           | would help with that.
           | 
           | Might want some phase-change materials to optimize the
           | thermal banking.
           | 
           | That's easier for a freezer (very salty water bottles) than a
           | fridge (need some carefully produced waxes), but fridge
           | contents should be more tolerant of temperature variability.
           | 
           | Would add that refrigeration is more efficient at night when
           | ambient temperatures are generally cooler and/or heating
           | needs are greater, so the "ultra-chill overnight and daytime
           | backoff" might not increase consumption.
        
             | konfusinomicon wrote:
             | the fast chill button is a thing. it's in both my 8yr old
             | GE and my newer samsung..I never use it though but it's
             | made for putting still warm leftovers in and getting them
             | cold fast
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Need a thing to press that button 1/2 hour before peak
               | rates take effect.
               | 
               | But I wonder if it just circulates more air and the
               | thermostat doesn't adjust its set points.
        
           | kkfx wrote:
           | These functions do not change fridge temperature, choose when
           | to run the defrost functions for no-frost units (a quick wall
           | heating to melt the ice and quickly came back to normal),
           | choose to run or not some ancillary functions (like making
           | ice cubes) etc. They are VERY chatty
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38984609 but not much
           | useful.
           | 
           | Shifting loads for hot water, if you have big enough
           | reservoirs on contrary change MUCH the game, being able to
           | shift some loads automatically, like leaving a dishwasher or
           | a washing machines, a pumped irrigation systems and so on
           | might significantly change the overall bill to makes
           | investments in that sense meaningful.
        
             | knappe wrote:
             | This is the entire concept behind harvest.
             | 
             | https://www.harvest-thermal.com/product
             | 
             | A recent podcast turned me onto them. The idea is to heat
             | water to higher temps than normal and use that extra heat
             | as an energy store for use during peak times.
        
               | kkfx wrote:
               | I think is not a novel idea: there are various vendors
               | here in EU that offer "thermodynamic VMCs", meaning dual-
               | flux ventilation system [1] with a small heat-pump
               | between the to air flows, sucking heat from the outgoing
               | air, heating the incoming flow in winter, in summer to
               | avoid injecting too humid water they passively exchange
               | outgoing fresh air with the incoming and the heat a water
               | tank for sanitary water, cooling as needed the incoming
               | air after the passive exchange, for instance https://www.
               | broferpura.it/en/products/Domestic/compact06.htm... this
               | reduce the number of compressors a home need in mild
               | climate and new homes.
               | 
               | For me I simply run the main heat pump at full power
               | during the day on p.v. reducing the grid absorption for
               | some hours in winter and for sanitary water almost
               | zeroing it since 300l @60-65 (140-149) suffice for a
               | whole day, at least when I have enough p.v. a day after
               | another.
               | 
               | Honestly I doubt it's possible to store enough heat with
               | current tech to compensate the home heating needs, it's
               | possible for sanitary hot water (except for a swimming
               | pool) but no more. However for mild climate for some
               | months might be enough to significantly reduce the grid
               | absorption. The sole issue here is that heat pumps now,
               | without any specific reasons, have skyrocketed in retail
               | price enough to make them far less convenient than just
               | few years ago... So the economy is still not much.
               | 
               | [1] an image should be sufficient, I do not know their
               | common name in English, sorry https://lacentrale-
               | eco.com/images/blog/fonctionnement-vmc-do...
        
               | nawitus wrote:
               | This is very standard stuff in Finland for decades. And
               | before heat pumps became popular large tanks were common
               | and those were heated during the night.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | My fridge (some LG models supposedly does this. I say
         | "supposedly" because this requires connecting to Wi-Fi, which I
         | don't want to do, but in their the energy company sends it
         | signals about how the grid is doing and the fridge goes into
         | energy saver when appropriate.
        
           | tills13 wrote:
           | A nice little vlan with only internet access would let you
           | connect your fridge to your WiFi without worry. Most WiFi +
           | router combos come with a Guest vlan which already does this
           | out of the box.
        
           | konfusinomicon wrote:
           | hesitant to wifi connect my fridge too but my elec provider
           | offers a decent discount for setting it up.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Links? Didn't think that was a thing for fridges, just
             | hvac/water heaters.
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | The real long term idea with smart metering isn't so much
         | demand savings (though I think it was billed as that; and I
         | agree the results are very underwhelming from everything I've
         | seen), it's to start allowing dynamic energy tariffs and
         | getting people incentivized to move load to cheaper times.
         | 
         | We have some of them in the UK and you can see the price
         | differences quite clearly: https://agileprices.co.uk/
         | 
         | I think the idea of having one (or maybe a crude day/night)
         | tariff is really antiquated now when wholesale prices swing so
         | much because of renewables. We are getting to a place where
         | electricity is going to be free/negative a lot of the time and
         | very much more expensive for other time slots.
         | 
         | However, I don't know how much consumers can do about this
         | apart from buying batteries (which is a good thing). I don't
         | think many people will start eating their dinner 3 hours
         | earlier or later or do washing in the middle of the night to
         | save a few dollars here and there. I suppose AC/heating would
         | use enough that it would be worth turning it down at certain
         | times of day.
         | 
         | Really where all the money to be made here is being able to get
         | cheap industrial processes that consumer a load of electricity
         | that can be switched on and off, so only working 25% of the
         | time. This is hard though because there is a lot of capex (and
         | opex) to having equipment and people sitting around doing
         | nothing when the price is too high. But I think the energy
         | savings will be so great there will be something that comes
         | along for this - potentially hydrogen electrolysis.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | > it's to start allowing dynamic energy tariffs and getting
           | people incentivized to move load to cheaper times.
           | 
           | That's what they rolled out with them, but insufficient
           | change to habits.
           | 
           | > I suppose AC/heating would use enough that it would be
           | worth turning it down at certain times of day.
           | 
           | This is generally the big win, and why they've had to still
           | create a program to subsidize smart thermostats and payments
           | to enable the back off features.
           | 
           | Mass installing smart meters to incentivize the public at
           | large to buy+install smarter thermostats is a less effective
           | and more expensive strategy than giving the thermostats away
           | and writing users a guaranteed cheque in exchange for
           | remotely controlling it.
           | 
           | (There are other dynamics at play: electricity here is
           | generally cheap and I pay more in fixed charges than
           | consumption and the heating side is almost universally fossil
           | fuel/wood but that's achangin)
        
             | IneffablePigeon wrote:
             | I think electric cars could change this equation. The
             | savings are high enough and the inconvenience low enough.
        
           | kkfx wrote:
           | The point is that 99% of the contracts have no "dynamic
           | prices", they have few different tariffs established up front
           | an year for the next. In this case you do not need a smart
           | meter to shift load. You simply look at the "current year
           | tariffs" and that's is. If we have dynamic prices than we
           | need a standard data bus for every home appliance connectable
           | to a personal automation or directly to the meter, without
           | that manual load shifting is extremely limited.
           | 
           | In France there is a VERY LIMITED system allow a two wire
           | connection for big appliances were the meter simply tell
           | "cheap or expensive" state and the appliance now that "now
           | the electricity is cheaper, now more expensive". It's way too
           | limited. New homes have since some years a mandatory mitering
           | but without dynamic prices and made to be piloted and
           | throttled loads it's just expensive eye candy stuff.
           | 
           | Personally I have automated via HA as much as I can but such
           | automation is essentially just switches HA can open or close
           | via Shelly integration, there is no real smartness in all
           | appliances even if it's damn cheap adding it from the initial
           | design phase.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | >> The real long term idea with smart metering isn't so much
           | demand savings (though I think it was billed as that; and I
           | agree the results are very underwhelming from everything I've
           | seen), it's to start allowing dynamic energy tariffs and
           | getting people incentivized to move load to cheaper times.
           | 
           | The original long/medium/short-term goal of "smart" meters
           | was to eliminate the need to manually check meters and
           | integrate that into the billing systems. It was a direct cost
           | savings to delivery companies. All the fancy variable pricing
           | stuff is an afterthought.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | I phrase it as utilities got a gov-mandate to install you
             | new stuff, pass on the cost to you, and save some
             | monthly/bi-monthly opex cost that they can pocket
             | themselves (or at least pat themselves on the back for).
             | 
             | If it costs more than it saves, they don't mind, actually
             | that's great (for them).
             | 
             | In rural areas in Ontario, the system used 3G (and for some
             | reason I think only supported 2G in the past) to send
             | readings. So that will be another truck roll (or more
             | likely, cheque to telecoms to keep up some old infra).
             | 
             | I also suspicious of $$$ technical investments to reduce
             | relatively small costs (especially ones where a lot of the
             | dollars leave the area).
        
             | mnahkies wrote:
             | It also facilitates half hourly settlement. Previously we
             | used standard profile curves based on the average household
             | to attribute consumption to each 30 minute settlement
             | period, where with smart meters sending half hourly reads
             | you can settle based on the actual consumption.
             | 
             | The transition period includes "elective half hourly
             | settlement" which basically means that as a supplier you
             | can selectively settle meters on a half hourly basis, which
             | created an interesting (but time limited) arbitrage
             | opportunity where you could do some data science to predict
             | which meters would be beneficial to settle half hourly or
             | not
             | 
             | Refs - https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/energy-policy-and-
             | regulation/policy...
             | 
             | - https://www.elexon.co.uk/settlement/profiling/
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I'm a bit confused: why do they need visibility into
               | individual household's load to accomplish this? Can't you
               | just look at what the whole city is drawing and order
               | based on that?
               | 
               | Or do you mean fully dynamic pricing/billing to end
               | users?
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | My personal experience with "smart" thermostats is that my
           | electric bill went up.
           | 
           | By "smart" I just mean programmable. I had settings for
           | morning, daytime (nobody home), evening, and night. It makes
           | no sense but my total costs went up. This was years ago, so I
           | don't remember exactly what temps I had set for the different
           | times of day. Now I just set the A/C at 76 and leave it
           | there.
        
             | IneffablePigeon wrote:
             | With heat pumps (like AC) and condensing boilers, it is
             | often more efficient to run for longer and slower as long
             | as that makes your appliance run more efficiently (lower
             | flow temperatures for heating, higher for cooling).
             | Requires the system to support modulation though.
        
             | otherme123 wrote:
             | Let me paint you a scenario where this is possible: you
             | leave home at 9 AM, and the A/C stops. The house slowly
             | gets hot, maybe 95degF. You plan to arrive at 9 PM, so you
             | program the A/C to get the house to 76degF, which the thing
             | thinks it can do in 1 hour at full blast. But the energy
             | price between 8 PM and 9 PM is the highest of all day: you
             | just programmed the A/C to the worst.
             | 
             | Instead, now you leave it keeping 76degF, and the thing can
             | do it working at 10%. You consume more energy at the end of
             | the day, but the consumption is spreaded through the
             | cheapest hours in the middle of the day, and only a small
             | fraction of it is consumed in the expensive hours from 6 to
             | 10 PM. This is how freezers work, cooling intermitently as
             | the thermostate goes off limits.
             | 
             | I would test if it is worthy money wise, not energy wise,
             | to put the A/C at full blast in the cheapest hours. Say
             | from 4 to 6 PM (the cheapest here in Spain), to get the
             | house as cold as possible, and then try to play with A/C at
             | maybe 5% letting it rise until reaching 76degF at 9 PM.
        
               | baby_souffle wrote:
               | > I would test if it is worthy money wise, not energy
               | wise, to put the A/C at full blast in the cheapest hours.
               | Say from 4 to 6 PM (the cheapest here in Spain), to get
               | the house as cold as possible, and then try to play with
               | A/C at maybe 5% letting it rise until reaching 76degF at
               | 9 PM.
               | 
               | Depending on how big the house is and how well insulated
               | it is, it very well may make for a big thermal battery
               | and this would work well.
               | 
               | If small and/or poorly insulated or drafty then this will
               | not work well.
        
           | tomaskafka wrote:
           | "apart from buying batteries" - that is imo precisely enough.
           | We are nearing a time, where a battery that would flatten the
           | avg household demand curve costs under $2000 (without
           | installation costs), and that might be quite enough to change
           | how electrical production works.
        
             | martinald wrote:
             | Yes, poorly worded from me. I meant more households can't
             | really do a huge amount about load shifting without
             | batteries. Not that batteries are a bad idea or not
             | workable.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | > Still can't find a "smart fridge" that runs in ultra-chill
         | mode when rates are cheap and backs off when they're high.
         | 
         | Yeah... That requires a standard way to communicate the energy
         | price to the fridge. You won't get that with municipal
         | regulation.
         | 
         | And without devices auto-adjusting their behavior, you won't
         | get a lot of savings.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | It could just be telling it what your time-of-use rates and
           | hours are. I think most places with variable rates at this
           | point are on a schedule that does not often change, only a
           | few places have completely dynamic pricing that would need
           | real time information from the grid operator.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Generally Time of Day electricity billing is just an average
           | costing at fixed windows of time. 2-way (or really, just
           | 1-way is actually necessary) comms not required.
           | 
           | Not too common to have totally dynamic pricing. And even if
           | you did, they have general trends.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Your fridge doesn't need to know energy prices. Fridges are
           | for cooling, not computing your bills, and giving them access
           | to too much data only encourages the usual IoT vendor abuse
           | patterns. It should be enough for it to get a proxy signal.
           | "Cheap tariff" / "expensive tariff". Or maybe continuous 0-1
           | control signal. Optimizing energy use for household or
           | building already requires an external decision-making center
           | anyway.
        
         | szundi wrote:
         | Just buy a bit bigger one, and fill the unused space with
         | water. Every open now exchanges less air and you can turn it
         | off for hours or a day without any impact of the temperature
         | inside - water is good capacitor of temperature.
        
           | deeth_starr_v wrote:
           | I get the feeling you are into food replacement shakes ;)
        
         | infecto wrote:
         | > Still can't find a "smart fridge" that runs in ultra-chill
         | mode when rates are cheap and backs off when they're high.
         | Kinda antithetical to use more electricity to save but it's
         | true.
         | 
         | I don't believe there would be many if any cost savings from
         | doing this. The engineering thought behind it would cost more
         | than the actual savings. It would make a lot more sense to buy
         | a chest fridge which I imagine uses half or less the energy of
         | a typical standing fridge.
        
           | xnx wrote:
           | The only estimates I've seen say 10-25 percent more
           | efficient.
        
             | infecto wrote:
             | Department of Energy / EnergyStar state 50% energy savings
             | for freezers. Freezer/fridge might not translate perfectly
             | but I imagine a fridge is getting opened more often during
             | the day which would skew that even more towards the chest
             | being more efficient.
             | 
             | Not sure how you come to 10%
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | Wow. That is a surprising number: "An ENERGY STAR
               | certified chest freezer uses about 215 kWh of electricity
               | and costs about $30 per year to run, while an ENERGY STAR
               | certified upright freezer uses about 395 kWh of
               | electricity and costs about $60 per year to run."
               | 
               | https://www.energystar.gov/products/freezers
        
               | bcrosby95 wrote:
               | So save $30/year increase the price of repairs and the
               | chance of it breaking.
        
               | infecto wrote:
               | How does a chest freezer/fridge have increased chances of
               | repairs?
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | I mean it must have a downside because otherwise I'll
               | have to admit I've made a mistake by not having one
               | already.
        
               | infecto wrote:
               | The downside is it's a chest and does not fit any kitchen
               | floor plan. You would need to purposefully put it in your
               | plans.
        
               | squeaky-clean wrote:
               | It's far more annoying to fetch something from the bottom
               | of a chest freezer than it is to fetch it from the back
               | of an upright freezer.
        
               | shagie wrote:
               | When you open the chest freezer, you don't have cold air
               | "spilling" out of it. It remains in the chest.
               | 
               | On the other hand, when you open a freezer that has a
               | door on the front, a substantial portion of the cold air
               | spills out of it.
               | 
               | When freezers are coupled with refrigerators, the way
               | that many of them work is by having the freezer air
               | descend into the refrigerator through baffles (which
               | again, makes the freezer work to cool the air that was
               | exchanged with the refrigerator).
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Most of the cold is in the solids and liquids though.
               | 
               | That wonderful feeling of the cool gas leaking out leads
               | people to overestimate how much cold falls out.
               | 
               | Some more modern fridges/freezers halt the
               | compressor/blower when the door is open which probably
               | accomplishes more savings.
        
         | rr808 wrote:
         | My house moved to smart meters over a year ago. Still get the
         | one total usage amount per month. Even if I log in online there
         | is no way to see what I use even per day.
         | 
         | I do think we need to have a price that changes during the day
         | but I suspect most people wont tolerate it and the politicians
         | wont allow it.
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | In Denmark, I can see my hour-by-hour usage if I log in
           | online.
           | 
           | There's also a chart showing the prices:
           | https://andelenergi.dk/el/timepris/
           | 
           | and apps and so on.
        
             | rr808 wrote:
             | Yeah my Dad has this too. I expected similar. Lots of rules
             | in the USA makes it difficult to do anything different.
        
         | happosai wrote:
         | In Finland people have started since 2022 adapting their
         | electricity use to shift their peak demand. But we started
         | installing smart meters almost 20 years ago. I think the key
         | reason to install them was less about consumer demand response,
         | and more about saving physical visits to read the meters.
         | 
         | It takes some time to adapt (and also some quite extreme price
         | fluctuation to motivate). Also good tools to automate demand
         | response based on market prices were needed. Heat-pumps and EV
         | chargers can now be configured to run on the cheapest hours
         | etc.
        
           | Maxion wrote:
           | One quite unique thing in Finland is our spot electricty
           | price. I think Sweden and Norway also has this?
           | 
           | Basically consumers in these countries have access to the raw
           | eletricity market, and can buy power in one hour increments
           | at the market rate.
           | 
           | This can be very beneficial for the consumer if you can
           | adjust your consumption profile
        
             | robin_reala wrote:
             | Yep, I have this with Tibber[1] in Sweden. We haven't
             | hugely changed how we consume electricity for small stuff,
             | but for bigger things like car charging or even things like
             | pyrolytic cleaning of the oven it's easy to pick times when
             | the prices are low, especially at the moment when
             | electricity often goes down to near-zero or even negative.
             | 
             | [1] https://tibber.com/en
        
         | kkarakk wrote:
         | >Still can't find a "smart fridge" that runs in ultra-chill
         | mode when rates are cheap and backs off when they're high.
         | Kinda antithetical to use more electricity to save but it's
         | true.
         | 
         | you put a backup battery system in between your house and the
         | power grid, switch power hungry appliances to battery during
         | peak times.
         | 
         | over a long enough period this should achieve what you're
         | looking for and is the most likely solution to "force" people
         | off the grid at peak times.
         | 
         | it's just that right now where like you said - why bother when
         | all you're saving is a couple hundred bucks? spending that
         | mental energy on things that will earn you money is better.
        
         | eldaisfish wrote:
         | Smart meters achieve lots of goals. The most marketable was
         | time-of-use electricity pricing.
         | 
         | My distribution company in Ontario makes it very clear when
         | those times are and what the electricity prices are. On-peak is
         | approx CAD 0.18 / kwh and off-peak is CAD 0.11 /kWh. That's
         | over 50% difference.
         | 
         | The problem in Ontario, QC, MB and BC is that electricity is
         | cheap, relative to our standard of living. The incentive to be
         | more efficient is weak because the savings are not worth the
         | effort.
         | 
         | The other reasons smart meters were installed is to speed up
         | the meter reading process and to gather data on when exactly
         | people are using electricity.
         | 
         | The electricity distribution system is passive and the grid
         | operator has little to no visibility on what is happening at
         | various places and times. Smart meters are the foundational
         | tech to enable a bunch of other initiatives and planning.
         | 
         | Hydro-Quebec, for example, allow you to see your live power
         | draw. My meter (2011 model) can do this but my electricity
         | distributor will not share the decryption key.
         | 
         | Those meters may not do much to change electricity consumption
         | habits but they are far from a loss. The investment is
         | absolutely worth it.
        
           | mardifoufs wrote:
           | Wdym, electricity distributor? I thought hydro Quebec handles
           | 100% of the distribution too. Is this something new?
        
             | eldaisfish wrote:
             | Hydro-Quebec is vertically integrated.
             | 
             | I'm in Ontario where the situation is different. We have a
             | quasi-deregulated market with local electricity
             | distribution companies aka LDCs.
        
         | shagie wrote:
         | > Still can't find a "smart fridge" that runs in ultra-chill
         | mode when rates are cheap and backs off when they're high.
         | Kinda antithetical to use more electricity to save but it's
         | true.
         | 
         | https://home.howstuffworks.com/green-living/ice-block-ac.htm
         | 
         | A company called Ice Energy manufactures the Ice Bear, a unit
         | designed to work alongside a traditional air conditioner. Like
         | the large system used by Credit Suisse, the Ice Bear is
         | designed to run indoors and at night, when temperatures and
         | energy costs are lower. Ice Bear creates a block of ice at
         | night that cools the refrigerant during the day, rather than
         | running the refrigerant through a condenser (at peak hours)
         | that requires a lot of energy.
         | 
         | Underneath the Jordan Quad Parking Lot at Stanford University,
         | 360 miles of piping run through a four-million-gallon tank of
         | water. At night, subzero ammonia -- a common refrigerant --
         | runs through the pipes, freezing the water into giant blocks of
         | ice. The system, which is one of the largest of its kind in the
         | United States, sends cold water from the melting ice throughout
         | Stanford's campus, cooling buildings from noon to 6 p.m. When
         | the facility was first built in the mid-1970s, it skipped the
         | ice stage, instead directly cooling water that was piped
         | through campus. A $22 million renovation -- completed in 1999
         | -- converted it to its present form, which saves the university
         | a reported $500,000 a year on energy bills.
        
           | adrianN wrote:
           | More than forty years to amortize the renovation. Ouch.
        
             | asah wrote:
             | At any interest rate above 2.2%, they NEVER amortize the
             | renovation!
        
           | cwalv wrote:
           | > A company called Ice Energy manufactures the Ice Bear, a
           | unit designed to work alongside a traditional air conditioner
           | 
           | Used to manufacture: they declared ch 7 bankruptcy in 2020
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | In my mind, the smart grid would be most useful for distributed
         | storage. Like if your car charger has a battery pack in it to
         | quick charge your car. Or just a battery that could charge on
         | off-hours to lessen peak load.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | There aren't a ton of smart appliances because there aren't a
         | ton of smart grids. We need smart grids with, like, really
         | significant demand based pricing before people are going to
         | care about smart appliances. And of course there's no reason to
         | get smart appliances if you don't have that kind of grid.
         | 
         | Somebody has to go first. In the bright side it really is
         | unambiguous whose job it is. Utility providers are often
         | government subsidized or at least heavily regulated government-
         | provided monopolies. They have the responsibility to act in the
         | public good, and provide strong enough incentives to get people
         | to come along with them.
        
           | vineyardmike wrote:
           | We're close to this. California, which is not the world but
           | is a major market, has pretty transparent grids with variable
           | pricing. I don't know if they're "first" but they're a big
           | enough market to drive change.
           | 
           | Electric Cars use a ton of electricity and have these sorts
           | of features for a while now. Apple even built grid pricing
           | info into their latest "Home" app for California users.
           | 
           | I think there aren't smart appliances because there is no
           | demand for people to change their behavior. No one is going
           | to put off cooking dinner for cheaper oven use. We see it
           | with cars and smart thermostats because it's largely set-and-
           | forget with people.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | We should slowly expand what "set and forget" means.
             | Dishwashers and clothing washers for example, we could
             | modify our behavior a little bit without any major
             | inconvenience (load it up, put in the soap, and then let it
             | schedule itself, you'll get a notification when it runs).
             | 
             | Ovens and stoves are, I think, an unusually bad case.
             | Although, slow cooking should be shiftable, right? Maybe
             | we'll have to eat slow cooked ribs instead of hamburgers.
             | You know, to save the planet or whatever.
        
               | CoffeeOnWrite wrote:
               | Or cooking with gas instead?
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Instant pots, kettles, dishwashers, microwaves and
               | toasters all reduce energy consumption to do the same
               | thing, but I don't think anyone bought them for those
               | reasons.
               | 
               | The most effective method to reduce/shift consumption is
               | just to make it the easier way.
               | 
               | Adding cognitive load to shopping decisions and their
               | daily lives is predictably ineffective for the general
               | public (and almost universally hated).
               | 
               | That majority will be a bit poorer because of it, and
               | many will cheer that aspect but it also means the target
               | goal has failed.
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | Don't blame it on the smart meters, blame it on the governments
         | that refuse to structure the plans to take advantage of it. I
         | figured it would be a no brainer to switch to the time of use
         | plan because we have an electric car we charge at night, but
         | no, the standard non time of use plan is cheaper for us.
        
         | lupusreal wrote:
         | > _Still can't find a "smart fridge" that runs in ultra-chill
         | mode when rates are cheap and backs off when they're high.
         | Kinda antithetical to use more electricity to save but it's
         | true._
         | 
         | Maybe just use a freezer and put it on an old school outlet
         | timer? Run it at night and treat it like an ice box during the
         | day.
        
           | Marsymars wrote:
           | I think it would be too well insulated to function very well
           | in a fully automated way; you'd have to manually open the
           | door every morning.
        
         | margalabargala wrote:
         | > found that people didn't really shift their peak demand use
         | much and it's debatable if the amount spent was worth it.
         | 
         | This depends on whether the goal was to reduce the amount of
         | peak usage, or increase the amount of revenue that comes from
         | peak usage.
         | 
         | Putting smart meters in probably paid for itself via higher
         | income.
        
         | pcl wrote:
         | _> wall warts are all SMPS now_
         | 
         | TIL about switched-mode power supplies...
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-mode_power_supply
        
       | etherael wrote:
       | How is this sustainable as the gap between self generated and
       | stored energy and the grid price continues to diverge?
       | 
       | If present trends hold it won't be long before a few years worth
       | of energy bills even in Europe finance a full off grid
       | deployment. There doesn't seem to be much room to cut on the
       | energy companies pricing which remains variable and pointlessly
       | complicated vs "I bought this off grid system and now I never
       | think about energy anymore".
       | 
       | Just people in high density housing, people in a lease, and those
       | who can't afford the up front cost will constitute the majority
       | of residential grid energy usage and purchasing?
        
         | antonkochubey wrote:
         | Other than southern Spain, France, Italy and Greece, you're not
         | going to run off-grid anywhere in Europe. Too little sun in the
         | winter for heating needs. Unless you're considering small-scale
         | wind power installations, but I cannot imagine what costs those
         | could incur in installation alone.
        
           | stoneman24 wrote:
           | Up in Orkney on vacation, the pretty constant wind all year
           | (according to relatives) with a little solar, battery storage
           | and heat pumps, I reckon off-grid might be possible. Add in
           | starlink for internet and I might just stay here.
           | 
           | Not sure of the cost (need to do the research) but all of the
           | above are getting cheaper. A small wind turbine can't be that
           | costly, surely.
        
             | infecto wrote:
             | Wind turbines in my research are pretty terrible unless run
             | at scale (massive). YMMV but when I last looked into it,
             | small turbines tended to be 1) noise polluters, 2) not very
             | large power generators and 3) poor build quality.
        
             | perlgeek wrote:
             | The dilemma with wind turbines is that the small ones tend
             | to be inefficient (and still much more expensive than
             | solar), and large ones require huge up-front investments.
             | 
             | I'd love to be proven wrong about this though, if anybody
             | has links to affordable wind turbines / generators, I'd be
             | interested.
        
             | eldaisfish wrote:
             | small wind turbines have a terrible reliability and
             | maintenance track record. They are not worth the
             | investment.
        
           | mcsniff wrote:
           | Off-grid does not mean renewable-only.
           | 
           | You can run a generator to charge batteries or provide
           | additional capacity when needed.
           | 
           | It would be ideal to have full coverage with "renewables"
           | (isn't oil and gas a renewable just on a longer timeline?)
           | but don't let perfect be the enemy of good if you want to
           | move off-grid.
        
             | etherael wrote:
             | I do lack familiarity with the European environment, but
             | between geothermal, wind, hydro and natural gas backup, is
             | it really feasible as it is in places where solar gives
             | 0.01 USD kWh prices?
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Is geothermal an option?
        
           | ArchitectAnon wrote:
           | When I've looked into this before for a client in Scotland,
           | it seems the smallest size that made sense in terms of the
           | factors other commenters have mentioned was about PS50,000 to
           | install. Also it requires planning permission which is much
           | harder to get for a wind turbine than for solar PV which you
           | can often install without getting explicit permission under
           | 'permitted development' rules.
        
         | travisb wrote:
         | That vicious cycle is a problem ever more expensive electrical
         | grids will need to contend with over the next couple of
         | decades.
         | 
         | The variable per Kwh costs are historically generally pretty
         | low relative to the fixed capex and opex (eg. maintenance, idle
         | runtime) costs.
         | 
         | Mostly this has been made palatable for residential use by
         | hiding these fixed costs in a higher per-Kwh rate. This works
         | great as long as consumption is high and growing. If
         | consumption trends reverse, then self-generation becomes a real
         | possibility for the heavy consumers leaving fewer total Kwh to
         | spread the fixed costs over.
         | 
         | Left unimpeded this leaves the poorest with very high energy
         | bills when everybody else has shifted to a private, cheaper,
         | micro-grid.
        
       | bloopernova wrote:
       | Wouldn't it be cool if every wall and ceiling socket could report
       | its electrical usage? I wonder if that's possible via powerline
       | networks, or if it would work over something like Zigbee?
        
         | belval wrote:
         | ZigBee could definitely do it but as someone with a lot of
         | smart wall plugs (I have a total of ~40 ZigBee devices in my
         | house) that data is just not really useful because it's just a
         | drop in the bucket compared to cooling/heating/hot water.
         | 
         | One thing that would be more useful and that I really want to
         | get is one of those amp meter for the distribution panel to see
         | my power consumption in realtime:
         | https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005007038134809.html but I
         | didn't get around to it yet.
        
           | alias_neo wrote:
           | This is what I've done; I use a Z-Wave power meter on my
           | electricity meter for whole-home, then some individual ones
           | for my desk/3dp/rack, the ~50 ZigBee devices I have are
           | mostly bulbs or sensors (I also have another ~40-50 Z-Wave
           | devices) and the majority are things that use very little
           | power; the usage stats from those things is a rounding error.
           | 
           | For bulbs and sensors, the power usage isn't useful for
           | automation either, you can use other data they provide (turn
           | off lights when no one is around, do stuff when doors
           | open/close).
           | 
           | For whole-home though, it can be useful to see if the power
           | is higher than you'd expect; if it's not dinner time and
           | we're using 2kW+ for more than a few minutes, send a
           | notification in case someone left an electric heater or an
           | iron or something on.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | I'd appreciate smart plugs with _bidirectional communication_
           | , as real-time power use report + ability to switch the plug
           | = poor man's way to turn most devices into IoT devices for
           | local control. It would help in particular with ones operated
           | by IR remotes, which deliver commands but don't get feedback
           | on their state; you could observe device's power consumption
           | to infer the current mode of operation, providing a
           | bidirectional control abstraction in e.g. Home Assistant.
        
             | belval wrote:
             | Not sure if I am understanding correctly but getting power
             | consumption and being able to turn the switch on and off is
             | definitely available in even cheap ZigBee switches:
             | https://www.amazon.ca/THIRDREALITY-Real-time-Monitoring-
             | Comp... (~12$ each).
        
         | alias_neo wrote:
         | You can definitely do this with ZigBee, I have smart light-
         | switches that report usage; though I'd argue the lights are the
         | least useful thing to have usage reporting for, since I already
         | know the power consumption of the bulbs, and since I'm using
         | LED everywhere, it's negligible compared to the rest of my
         | usage.
         | 
         | The problem with ZigBee is network scale and interference, but
         | also you're wasting energy by having electronics in every
         | socket, always on, always reporting. You're also then driving
         | your server harder and storing more data, costing more.
         | 
         | I've aimed to strike a balance of only making smart the things
         | I actually care about power usage for; my server rack, my 3D
         | printers, my desk, and then whole-home as a single unit.
         | 
         | I don't need to know how much my washing machine or oven uses,
         | if I need to use them, I need to use them; there's little room
         | for optimising.
         | 
         | When it comes to optimising which settings I use, if I care
         | enough, I can use a temporary ZigBee power meter that plugs in
         | like a normal device; record data for days/weeks/months and
         | adjust based on the result of that.
        
         | trial3 wrote:
         | if only! i know this is not what you're asking for, but
         | inexpensive Sonoff outlets flashed with firmware and reporting
         | to Home Assistant are how i monitor (and switch on and off!)
         | the largest consumers of electricity in my home. it's a good
         | two-weekend project
        
         | ellisv wrote:
         | I used to work closely to this on whole home energy
         | disaggregation. There are products for doing this, but the
         | value is very limited.
         | 
         | Excluding EVs, heating and cooling is the largest factor for
         | energy consumption followed by other large appliances. Small
         | appliances and electronics don't use much electricity or aren't
         | on long enough to matter.
         | 
         | If you're interested in some product recommendations, the Sense
         | Energy Monitor used to be a popular choice. Basically it is a
         | set of clamps that you can attach at your breakers to monitor
         | specific circuits. It's good for monitoring large appliances
         | with their own dedicated circuit. For individual appliances, a
         | Kilowatt Meter works fine. If you want something for continuous
         | monitoring long term, I'd look at the Eve Smart Outlet.
        
           | megaman821 wrote:
           | I have a Sense Energy Monitor. It works pretty well, but I
           | wish they made their own smart outlets to integrate with the
           | panel monitoring.
           | 
           | Anyways, some pretty clear trends emerge when tracking your
           | energy usage. Climate control (heating, cooling, fans,
           | dehumidifier) dominates my energy usage, then EV charging,
           | the kitchen stuff (refrigerator, cooking, dishwasher), then
           | electronics (and I have a ridiculous amount of them), clothes
           | dryer and lighting. I would like more insights into my
           | electronics for personal curiosity (which Sense can't seem to
           | do), but in the scheme of things it probably doesn't matter.
           | No individual electronic device is going to make much of a
           | difference.
        
         | ericd wrote:
         | Not quite every socket, but iotawatt can monitor each circuit
         | at the breaker panel, and from there, it's generally not too
         | hard to figure out what's going on, and it's really nice to be
         | able to get a concrete sense of where your electricity is going
         | (for most people with a heat pump, it's mostly the heat pump,
         | it swamps even our EV). It's local-only, no cloudiness, and
         | it's been rock-solid for us.
        
           | dap wrote:
           | This sounds pretty cool. I just went through the docs but I
           | can't tell physically how you install the CTs. Our mains come
           | into the house underground and into the electrical panel and
           | of course the wiring is all in the walls. Are you supposed to
           | open up the walls and attach the CTs to the wiring in the
           | walls? How would this even work for Romex that runs along
           | framing?
        
             | quickthrowman wrote:
             | The CTs go inside your panelboard around each hot
             | conductor. The CT leads go back to a separate meter
             | enclosure.
             | 
             | Here's a commercial grade submeter cutsheet with a diagram
             | to illustrate:
             | https://leviton.com/content/dam/leviton/lighting-
             | controls/co...
        
             | ericd wrote:
             | You just turn off your main breaker, open up the panel, and
             | snap the CTs/current transformers around one of the wires
             | on each circuit (you can open them back up if you mess up).
             | You only want to put one wire through, rather than a full
             | romex bundle, because it measures the flux through the
             | loop, and the return path would cancel out the reading.
             | 
             | It does take a bit of reading to figure out eg what to do
             | with 240v circuits (you can usually double it if you don't
             | care about absolute precision, usually one leg has the
             | control electronics on it and is a bit higher). Also, it
             | doesn't have quite as many channels as most panels' max #
             | of circuits, so you might have to choose, or try to run
             | multiple wires through one CT.
             | 
             | If you're uncomfortable with going into the panel
             | (reasonable), you can probably find an electrician that's
             | willing to put it in/make it pretty.
             | 
             | I think I saw some YouTube videos of people installing them
             | diy before I tried, that might help get you more
             | comfortable with the process.
        
         | swatcoder wrote:
         | Exhaustive data has nerd appeal, but in practice, you'd add
         | power, circuitry, and RF noise overhead to mostly see signals
         | that maintain very stable patterns for as long as the same
         | thing is plugged into it and used in mostly the same way (i.e.
         | for months or years).
         | 
         | All you really need is snapshot understanding of what a device
         | really consumes, and only then if it's non-negligible _and_
         | some alternative might make sense.
         | 
         | For outlets and receptacles, you can achieve that by just
         | inserting a meter where you want. Per-circuit metering in the
         | distribution/circuit breaker panel would be nice though.
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | You can get KNX switch actuators with per-channel True RMS /
           | active power metering. They're like 40 bucks per channel.
        
         | dsalzman wrote:
         | There is a company that does this but senses direct from your
         | circuit breaker panel. The uses FFT plus algos to determine
         | individual devices on each circuit from their unique electrical
         | signature. Called Sense I believe. I've never used it.
        
         | rufus_foreman wrote:
         | On a geek level it would be cool. On a practical level? My
         | electric bill is $100 in January and $400 in July. I know
         | what's going on.
        
       | skywal_l wrote:
       | So you have to go to a third-party to get your data from a public
       | service. Absurdity is the word that defined our era it seems.
       | 
       | > "Depuis le passage a l'OAuth2.0, il vous faut obligatoirement
       | avoir une entite juridique afin de signer un contrat avec Enedis.
       | Pour avoir une entite juridique, il faut obligatoirement etre une
       | societe ou une association."
       | 
       | > "Since the transition to OAuth2.0, you must have a legal entity
       | in order to sign a contract with Enedis. To have a legal entity,
       | you must be a company or association"
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | Not sure I really agree with all these design choices. The color
       | scale on the hour/day grid initially seemed backwards to me. The
       | daily total takes up so much space that it would be better as a
       | normal line or point graph with scaled axes, instead of trying to
       | guess the correspondence with the color.
       | 
       | Aside from that I am curious about the discontinuity at 22h. How
       | many and what kinds of loads automatically respond to these price
       | signals? Just heaters and water heaters?
        
         | schiffern wrote:
         | While trying to skim the data, I kept wishing for a 3D or
         | pseudo-3D "skyscraper" visualization, where height represents
         | consumption.
        
       | vzaliva wrote:
       | I have a very nice Graphana-based UI showing electric consumption
       | data from Tesla power wall:
       | 
       | https://github.com/jasonacox/Powerwall-Dashboard
       | 
       | Together with temperatures in the rooms and AC activity:
       | 
       | https://github.com/cdzombak/ecobee_influx_connector
       | 
       | I plan to add a vehicle charging date to it (via Chargepoint
       | Home).
       | 
       | I think Graphhana+Influx is a way to go for this type of
       | projects.
        
         | nirav72 wrote:
         | Does ChargePoint have an accessible API?
        
       | grecy wrote:
       | I would love a way to turn off my electric hot water heater
       | between the hours of about 10pm and 7am.
       | 
       | I see no reason to keep the water hot during the time absolutely
       | nobody needs it, and we know it will take less energy to heat it
       | back up again rather than keep it at temperature.
       | 
       | Also, yes, I have turned the temperature down as low as it will
       | go.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | Are you sure this is true? The thermal mass of water is a lot,
         | and in theory your tank should be well insulated?
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | It's always true, for any tank on any environment.
        
         | ellisv wrote:
         | There are timer devices for this.
         | 
         | Generally you want your water heater to keep the water hot
         | enough to kill any bacteria and prevent their growth.
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | Water heaters in Britain since around the 1980s would have a
           | basic timer switch to turn them off/on up to twice a day.
           | 
           | The old (pre-electronics) ones are easy to understand -- the
           | heating/water comes on (in this case) at 10:00 and goes off
           | at 16:30, then goes on again at 21:00 and off at 07:00:
           | https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-timer-control-for-hot-
           | wate...
        
         | infecto wrote:
         | Your spending more energy engineering that instead of just
         | buying a tankless water heater if you care that much about it.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Depends... if you like to take your showers at peak times,
           | the tankless might cost you more in opex (in addition to the
           | capex).
           | 
           | More and more "tank" water heaters are moving to heat pumps
           | which should use less electricity overall than a tankless (if
           | you can handle the possibility of running out of hot water).
        
             | infecto wrote:
             | Which if you go that angle the capex on a heat pump heater
             | regardless if hybrid or pure electric is going to negate
             | any savings, those are typically 2-3x of a higher quality
             | brand traditional water heater.
             | 
             | Which full circle going back to the original discussion of
             | turning off the heater. You probably end up close to no/low
             | savings. I can see an argument of a smart heater being able
             | to slightly adjust load at peak times but I engineering a
             | heater to turn off when you are sleeping and then heating
             | back up before use is probably going to not have much
             | savings. Those heaters are increasingly made to edge out at
             | maintaining the heat and take quite a few hours to heat up.
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | Can you get tankless electric? I thought they were only gas
        
             | infecto wrote:
             | They definitely exist. I never had one and my understand it
             | was they are generally not as great as the gas equivalent.
             | 
             | https://www.supplyhouse.com/Tankless-Water-Heaters-1060000
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | The cheap ones are fairly common in Britain where the
               | user isn't choosing (student houses, cheap rentals etc).
               | The installation cost is low, but the running cost is
               | high.
               | 
               | They are crap. 8kW is typical, and the pressure for a
               | reasonable water temperature is low.
               | 
               | I haven't knowingly used a more powerful one. I suspect
               | that would negate the cheap installation cost, as it
               | would need a three phase circuit.
        
             | bokohut wrote:
             | Yes, You can buy an electric tankless but just be extremely
             | informed of the large amperage requirement to instantly
             | heat your selected gallons per minute flow.
        
         | quickthrowman wrote:
         | If you've got a 240v water heater that is on a 40A or smaller
         | breaker, this would work:
         | https://www.intermatic.com/Catalog/us/Products/Timer-Control...
         | 
         | If it's larger than 40A @ 240V, you could buy a 120v
         | astronomical time clock switch and use the output of that as
         | the input to a 120v control coil for a contactor sized for your
         | water heater.
        
           | bokohut wrote:
           | Per @quickthrowman recommendation I can add that this is the
           | way to go for an electric hot water heater having installed
           | many of these Intermatic time clocks. The old ones were
           | analog and one can hear a clicking but they do make them
           | digital now, YMMV.
        
         | rssoconnor wrote:
         | I had my electrician build me such a box, though the result was
         | so simple that if you are handy I'm sure you could do it
         | yourself.
         | 
         | The contents of the box are
         | 
         | 1. A programable timer light switch:
         | https://leviton.com/products/vpt24-1pz
         | 
         | 2. A 120 volt controlled contactor. I'm not entirely sure which
         | one it is, but I think it is https://ca.rs-
         | online.com/product/eaton-cutler-hammer/c25bnb2...
         | 
         | The box has a 240 volt circuit and a 120 volt circuit into it.
         | The 120 volt circuit is connected to the programable timer
         | light switch, which is then connected to the control inputs of
         | the contactor.
         | 
         | The 240 volt line connects to the contactor and then on the
         | other side of the contactor it connects goes out of the box and
         | to the water heater.
         | 
         | For me I've programmed my hot water heater to turn off from 4pm
         | to 11pm on weekdays, which avoids heating the water during peak
         | time of day rates at my location. (I typically shower sometime
         | during that period.)
         | 
         | I can open the box and press the switch on the timer if I ever
         | want to temporarily override the program.
         | 
         | That all said, I don't have any measurements to tell me if it
         | is worth the expense. Although it is quite clear from my hourly
         | power usage when the hot water tank switches on at 11 pm.
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | Awesome, thanks very much.
           | 
           | I wonder if it would be worth keeping it off until sometime
           | in the am the following day - do you need piping hot water
           | from 11pm until about 5am?
        
             | rssoconnor wrote:
             | On weekdays, my price of electricity from 11pm to 7am is
             | about 4 times cheaper than from 7am to 4pm, and about 10
             | times cheaper than from 4pm to 9pm.
             | 
             | Also I usually run the dishwasher and laundry sometime
             | after 11pm, so it is usually helpful to have hot water
             | available overnight.
             | 
             | Edit: I should mention that I have a ventless combo
             | washer/dryer, so my clothes come out clean and dry in the
             | morning. Unfortunately they are not folded.
        
       | kkfx wrote:
       | Few notes:
       | 
       | - fear and polemics about connected meters was not about
       | "surveillance" by some giant but more about ability to disconnect
       | or throttle a customer from remote and third party monitoring to
       | elicit family habits for instance to organize a burglary;
       | 
       | - reading the meter without the need to get inside the home was
       | already a solved problem with "telereport", a small local
       | dedicated bus with wires going in some public places (like the
       | hall of a condo, a small box near the portal of a home etc) who
       | allow local reading, this could be used to send data remotely
       | WITHOUT adding extra abilities like throttling or disconnecting;
       | 
       | - polemics exists for similar reasons for IVRE norms (BEV
       | domestic charging) where the norms demand a kind of "remote
       | control" to allow disconnecting the load from the grid when
       | needed by the grid, without considering the few but not so few
       | with domestic p.v. in self consumption that might get
       | disconnected as well because there is no analysis of the grid
       | absorption load just a "run this if the grid is strained";
       | 
       | - `Enedis website is nice` is well... debatable...
       | 
       | Beside this small notes NOT intended to diminish the author
       | creation, IMVHO monitoring is useful only if you can act, for
       | instance with p.v. and controllable appliances it's a good thing,
       | and unfortunately there is next to none appliance really designed
       | to run on p.v. when available, even 99% of those who claim the
       | contrary. The first are domestic water heaters who actually could
       | be piloted to shift load with HA/Shelly/* sometimes just abruptly
       | cutting the power and giving it back when there is enough p.v.
       | but not much more, secondary running dishwashers and washing
       | machines left loaded and ready in a "run before 'given date and
       | time' preferably on p.v. power" and so on. Technically such
       | automation are damn simple and cheap if designed as part of every
       | appliance but so far next to no one seems to be doing so, while
       | mandatory monitoring and published monitoring solutions are more
       | and more pushed. Personally having p.v. I do my best to shift
       | loads and it's damn hard, mostly limited to smart switches
       | connected to HA, because there is not much more to do. I can
       | "hack" my dishwasher or washing machines, are dumb and basic
       | enough to be easy just seeing their small controls and replicate
       | them with a some GPIO on a raspizero and alike but that's a long
       | uncomfy process since every machines have it's own controls and
       | you have to redo when you change it. There is no standard.
        
       | juahan wrote:
       | In Finland (and I guess at least other Nordics as well) we are
       | starting to get neters with so called P1-port, which is open for
       | the user to get their data. All I needed was a wire with RJ26 and
       | an ESP8622 with some esphome definitions and now I get all kinds
       | of data from the meter every 4 seconds. Total consumption,
       | consumption, amperage and voltages per phase etc.
        
         | nagisa wrote:
         | The port/protocol originates in Netherlands and is getting
         | widely implemented across the EU. It is really nice that the
         | port provides power (esp. in recent versions) for an ESP, so
         | you don't need to worry about bringing power to where your
         | meter is (which may be outdoors.)
        
         | euroderf wrote:
         | Our EL provider in SE Finland is installing (without charge) a
         | new P1 meter next spring. It will be bidirectional, i.e. ready
         | for solar-to-grid.
         | 
         | This is far from any metro area, so it might be a countrywide
         | rollout.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | I thought the old meters were all bidirectional (ie: the
           | spinning wheel could go backwards if you back-fed). Dunno
           | what older gen "smart"meters would do. But I guess the newer
           | meters are capable of paying you some reduced/enhanced rate
           | for backfeeding?
           | 
           | > installing (without charge)
           | 
           | Who's paying for it?
        
         | Helmut10001 wrote:
         | In Germany we have an infrared one-way connection (SML
         | protocol). I hooked a Raspberry Pi Zero WH (consumes only 0.7
         | Watt) with Ethernet Hat and USB-Infrared-Reader-Cable to the
         | Smart Meter. The PI reads and transmits all readings over MQTT
         | to my InfluxDB 2.0, which is running virtualized on Proxmox. At
         | the same time, I also read my solar inverter through Modbus TCP
         | (via OSS called "Solaranzeige"), to the same Influx DB. Both is
         | visualized in Grafana. It is a nice stack that did not produce
         | any problems in 7+ years.
         | 
         | All of this helped me to better understand my electricity
         | consumption.
        
       | oakesm9 wrote:
       | The UK has smart energy meters for a lot of customers. Octopus
       | are an energy supplier which is using them to great effect for
       | data nerds and people who want to save money.
       | 
       | To get the data out, you can just call their API to get daily
       | consuption figures, split into half hourly blocks[0]. They also
       | allow you to just download a CVS file directly from the energy
       | use section of their website.
       | 
       | The data in the API is only update daily, but they can give you a
       | tiny addon device[1] for free which will allow you to access live
       | usage in realtime (updates ever 10 seconds I think).
       | 
       | I use a Home Assistant integration to collect all this data live
       | there.
       | 
       | To make use of the smart meter, they also have a series of
       | tarrifs which change price dynamically. The simplist is
       | Tracker[2] which charges you a different price per unit every day
       | based on the wholesale price. There's also Agile[3] which is the
       | same concept but the price changes every 30 minutes with higher
       | highs and lower lows. That one is great if you can shift your
       | energy usage outside of peak times.
       | 
       | They also have "intelligent" tarrifs where you allow them to
       | control your car charger[4] or home battery[5] so it charges when
       | it's cheapest.
       | 
       | Octopus are doing really great things in the UK and part of their
       | business is that they sell the backend as a service to other
       | energy companies who were previously stuck in the stone age as
       | Kraken[6].
       | 
       | [0] https://developer.octopus.energy/docs/api/
       | 
       | [1] https://octopus.energy/blog/octopus-home-mini/
       | 
       | [2] https://octopus.energy/smart/tracker/
       | 
       | [3] https://octopus.energy/smart/agile/
       | 
       | [4] https://octopus.energy/smart/intelligent-octopus-go/
       | 
       | [5] https://octopus.energy/smart/intelligent-octopus-flux/
       | 
       | [6] https://kraken.tech
        
         | ZeroGravitas wrote:
         | The founder of Octopus was from a software background and has
         | claimed that Octopus (the energy company) was initially just to
         | demo the potential of the software.
        
           | ryankrage77 wrote:
           | Ironic that their software is so terrible then - it took over
           | two years for their support to do 'something' to my account
           | so I could actually pay my bills.
        
       | bokohut wrote:
       | As a former electrician turned software engineer and serial
       | entrepreneur I have always been conscious of my utilities
       | consumption. Per Lorde Kelvin one can only improve what one
       | measures and there are many things most people in society
       | complain about yet those individuals could improve if they just
       | measured; the data doesn't lie, people do.
       | 
       | Around about 2006, after being in my newly built home for a few
       | years, I began to ask the questions that many more are just
       | starting to ask now about their utilities. Having had an
       | extensive background in residential and commercial electrical
       | work I knew the options then were limited to measure home
       | consumption digitally but I stumbled upon TED, The Energy
       | Detective. In 2007 I installed TED in my panels and it has been
       | running ever since. I initially only used it as a curiosity item,
       | much akin to many Tesla Solar+PW users today in checking the app
       | for production and consumption data, never before available in
       | such a simple near real-time form of access. TED did however earn
       | it keep in helping me deduce electrical draw issues when systems
       | within the house were changed alongside just other general
       | consumption curiosity.
       | 
       | In 2016 I got serious and started logging all of my utilities at
       | the first of every month directly from my meters and I also cross
       | collected utility bill data into a spreadsheet. That spreadsheet
       | is now large but the information is invaluable in providing me an
       | aggregate collection specifics to me and my family only over that
       | time. Another side story in itself are the errors I have
       | discovered and reported, some of those errors have benefited me
       | greatly, once again you can only know such things through
       | measuring and monitoring. All of this effort was my LONG GAME
       | preparation for going _near_ fossil fuel free and energy
       | independent at my home when I found the correct solution for my
       | needs.
       | 
       | In 2018 we went fully electric with our personal road vehicles. I
       | installed the largest wall charger at the time which supported
       | 220V up to 70A. This of course spiked our home usage at times
       | however free supercharging was a great bonus and still is. Yes,
       | we were early adopters of a fully electric vehicle family now for
       | over 6 years and have driven hundreds of thousands of miles
       | combined across the U.S. and Canada. I am still amazed at how
       | ignorant people are about charging infrastructure since the
       | fossil fuel industry has brainwashed people's expectations with
       | gas stations on every corner. I have referred many an EV owner
       | and while the program no longer exists I still refer people to
       | electric, just referred a CT a few weeks back.
       | 
       | As time passed so too did my roof age and those here aware of
       | asphalt shingle degradation know builder selections rarely last.
       | In 2020 I started down the solar roof planning journey which had
       | me upgrading all aging appliances to EnergyStar and in August of
       | 2021 the solar roof was installed with two PWs. This led me to
       | refactor my spreadsheet to now include my personal generation and
       | consumption which the new system was providing me. Here I mention
       | the TED again because this _old_ still functioning device had
       | provided me with years of historical data and now I would use it
       | to compare the numbers from the new system. Yes, I found
       | discrepancies that no one had found before and those issues had
       | to be resolved within the new system; a new more accurate CT
       | device was required as well as firmware changes. You may be able
       | to hear me still smiling from this _near_ energy independent
       | choice.
       | 
       | My choices have guided my curiosity which has guided my choices
       | and this is still so extremely relevant today in that I have a
       | unique energy loss problem of which I intend to solve through my
       | own energy storage device I am building. Everything provable in
       | life boils down to either science or math so if the science and
       | math check out then it is only the implementation that matters to
       | reach one's goal. I am applying my software, hardware,
       | electronics, and electrical experience as a unique subject matter
       | expert to build something that solves my problem through the dog-
       | food method. Once I have hashed out all the basic issues with
       | this simple "complex system" I am building I will then apply my
       | entrepreneurial talents once again, that whole 'serial' thing.
       | You likely know what happens next given the world's growing
       | awareness of a pursuit that I have long had devoted interest in
       | represented by the choices I have made solely from monitoring and
       | measuring. Thanks Kelvin!
       | 
       | Stay Healthy!
        
       | seanlunabit wrote:
       | Howdy HN,
       | 
       | My cofounder and I recently went full-time on GridLite, an app
       | and website designed for NYC residents to help manage and split
       | utility bills with roommates. We've just added a new feature that
       | gives ConEdison users real-time access to their electricity usage
       | with 15-minute interval data through our app. Perfect for anyone
       | who wants to keep a close eye on their energy consumption. We'd
       | love to hear your feedback from this community!
       | 
       | https://gridlite.co/
        
       | lexicality wrote:
       | If you live in the UK, you can sign up to https://glowmarkt.com/
       | and they'll give you the same 30 minute time slices, or you can
       | buy one of their in-home devices for PS70
       | (https://shop.glowmarkt.com/products/display-and-cad-combined...)
       | and it'll push your usage every 10 seconds to MQTT to give you
       | very interesting if completely useless graphs in Home Assistant.
       | 
       | (Not sponsored, I just use it)
        
       | mk_stjames wrote:
       | I did a project with a french Linky a few years ago that used an
       | ESP8266 to grab the serial data stream from that exposed port on
       | the bottom and log the interesting line items it prints out to a
       | InfluxDB timeseries database running on a local server and use
       | Grafana to get a dashboard of various metrics.
       | 
       | I remember having to do some sleuthing with the serial port as it
       | wasn't something standard - it was like 7 bits, no parity, 1 stop
       | bit, or something like that. And a small circuit to do level
       | shifting for the ESP8266.
       | 
       | The result was data on wattage draw approx every 1 second. This
       | allowed for some very, very fine analysis in the data.
       | 
       | I tell people about this when I talk about various sidechannel
       | attacks on things that use data like this- for instance, after
       | observing the data for a while, I could tell which floor of the
       | house someone was on by watching transients of the wattage and
       | the quantized changes of various devices turned on and off - e.g.
       | the kitchen has a kettle that uses 1220 +/- 5 watts, every time,
       | and nothing else in the house results in a step change of that
       | value. The top floor bedroom has lights that use exactly 42
       | watts. The laundry machine starts up with a very specific ramp
       | and then oscillates between two levels of power with a period of
       | 30 seconds, etc.
       | 
       | You can figure a lot out about the movements of people and what
       | they are doing by simply having fine enough time resolution on a
       | single number - the total power consumption of the entire house.
        
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