[HN Gopher] Shipt's algorithm squeezed gig workers, who fought back
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       Shipt's algorithm squeezed gig workers, who fought back
        
       Author : cyberlimerence
       Score  : 219 points
       Date   : 2024-07-01 13:21 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (spectrum.ieee.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (spectrum.ieee.org)
        
       | jval43 wrote:
       | Looks like nothing happened after:
       | 
       | > _They asked for a meeting with Shipt executives, but they never
       | got a direct response from the company. Its statements to the
       | media were maddeningly vague, saying only that the new payment
       | algorithm compensated workers based on the effort required for a
       | job, and implying that workers had the upper hand because they
       | could "choose whether or not they want to accept an order."_
       | 
       | > _Did the protests and news coverage have an effect on worker
       | conditions? We don't know, and that's disheartening._
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | > choose whether or not they want to accept an order."
         | 
         | If the app shows clearly what needs to be done (shop, order
         | list, miles driven), and the pay the worker will earn, and asks
         | if they want to accept, then IMO that's fine.
         | 
         | The business can set those offers however they like, even using
         | a random number generator if they want, and IMO it's morally
         | fine.
        
           | bayindirh wrote:
           | > and IMO it's morally fine.
           | 
           | When it becomes immoral from your perspective?
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | When they offer to pay you X for the job, but then pay you
             | < X.
             | 
             | Or if they get you to pay them money upfront (ie. for
             | uniforms) on the basis of 'workers earn $Y per day', but
             | then change the rules so some workers don't earn Y per day
             | and don't offer a refund of the upfront payment to unhappy
             | workers.
        
               | rbetts wrote:
               | Looks like shipt/target successfully converted gig work
               | back from a percentage of revenue (percentage of cart
               | value) to a task based rate. Workers lose when they can't
               | capture value proportional to the revenue generation they
               | support, only in proportion to their hours of labor.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | It depends on the proportions.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > Workers lose when they can't capture value proportional
               | to the revenue generation they support, only in
               | proportion to their hours of labor.
               | 
               | Time-based contracts are pretty normal. I imagine most
               | people on the planet are on them. There are exceptions -
               | e.g. sales commissions - but to say that workers lose on
               | the thing that most people do requires at least some
               | elaboration.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | What if the revenue generation is negative? It's not
               | worth it to profit share in every business, because some
               | of them are unprofitable.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | If workers are low-skilled, easily replaceable and
               | practically fungible then realistically speaking why
               | would their employer pay them based on value-added?
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | I think reasonable thing here would also allow contractors
           | send counter offer. Maybe 10x 100x or 1000x. Then it would be
           | up to side ordering to accept or reject one of those.
        
             | tux1968 wrote:
             | And if the company makes it a policy to never accept any
             | counteroffer (which is legal and fair), you're back to the
             | same system, without that feature existing.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Why would company here care. They are just a platform.
               | Does Ebay or Amazon care what prices their sellers set?
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Amazon cares. Steam cares. Dunno about eBay.
               | 
               | Platforms sometimes care--by which I mean, achieve a
               | market position that means sellers can't afford not to
               | use them, then leverage that power to force lots and lots
               | of weaker people and entities to do what they want,
               | possibly causing higher lowest-prices in the overall
               | market in the process, so, also hurting buyers.
        
           | Marbling4581 wrote:
           | What if there's discrimination built in to the system? Maybe
           | a business is willing to pay white people more, or women
           | less. They can do that while still following your framework.
           | Is that moral?
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | Is morality relevant to the equation? If it is, whose
             | morality? And who gets to be arbiter of those morals?
             | 
             | At least with laws, there are clear adjudicators on the
             | issues at hand.
        
           | cryptonym wrote:
           | They can set offers however they like and you are free to not
           | accept.
           | 
           | If the algorithm detects that you are likely to accept for
           | little money and short you with lower offers compared to
           | other users, is it still morally fine?
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Unsure, but why would they do that? Why risk paying more by
             | making a higher offer elsewhere before making a lower
             | offer?
        
               | error_logic wrote:
               | Look to two-tailed tests when a flipside doesn't make
               | sense.
               | 
               | Consider what risk might exist if you fear overpaying so
               | much that you make a lowball offer yet someone feels
               | compelled to accept. The product or service might be
               | "done" but in a way that screws you over in the long run
               | as well.
               | 
               | Trust is earned, and it flows both ways.
        
             | error_logic wrote:
             | This runs into both the ideals and the limitations of the
             | Free Market.
             | 
             | Ideally, there's incentive for people to collectively reach
             | the most efficient solution through aggregated laziness and
             | greed.
             | 
             | In practice, people only have so much bandwidth and
             | shortcuts will be taken, options will be overlooked, and
             | people will exploit or be exploited due to the blinders
             | either put on willingly or forced on them--on top of our
             | natural capacity for observing reality no matter how much
             | information is provided.
        
             | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
             | Other than the algorithmic aspect, isn't that basically
             | exactly how the employment market works?
        
             | smabie wrote:
             | Sure, this is how negotiate and hiring have always worked.
        
       | or_am_i wrote:
       | I am not defending Shipt and there is no doubt gig workers are in
       | a very vulnerable position. However, the data analysis results as
       | presented in the article do not support the article's main point.
       | "40% are getting paid at least 10% less" is not unnatural to
       | expect whenever pay is redistributed, especially since some 30+%
       | are getting at least 10% more. Imagine a _hypothetical_ situation
       | where Shipt is 100% on point and driving a fairer version of the
       | algorithm patch removing a way for workers to "optimize" for
       | short, well paid trips, resulting in pay cuts to those who had
       | learnt how to do it, while not changing/increasing pay for
       | everyone else. We would see the same kind of result: some portion
       | of workers would get paid 10% less, some 10% more. This does show
       | that workers are paid differently for the same work they have
       | been doing, but does not prove the change is unfair.
        
         | tossandthrow wrote:
         | You are looking for this in the article
         | 
         | > It wasn't a clear case of wage theft, because 60 percent of
         | workers were making about the same or slightly more under the
         | new scheme.
         | 
         | Your statement that "some 30+% are getting at least 10% more"
         | assumes that there is no wage theft - which is not cut in
         | stone.
        
           | chgs wrote:
           | Aren't gig workers contractors? Is it wage theft if I
           | negotiate a lower price with my local timber yard?
        
             | p_l wrote:
             | Mostly gray area because gig corps don't like actually
             | treating the workers as contractors, they just like the
             | lowered costs.
             | 
             | Sometimes that goes afoul when it's ruled that they put
             | requirements that are only valid for employees on
             | contractors.
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | > Mostly gray area because gig corps don't like actually
               | treating the workers as contractors, they just like the
               | lowered costs.
               | 
               | I don't follow this? Is this predicated on the fact that
               | gig corps can choose not to work with contractors that
               | don't meet their criteria? If so, how is this different
               | from only using lumber yards that consistently meet your
               | expectations?
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | >I don't follow this?
               | 
               | The implication of the parent poster seems to be that
               | there are legal requirements regarding contractors and
               | legal requirements regarding employees but gig corps
               | would prefer to treat their workers as one or the other
               | class depending on which is to their benefit - which
               | would be against the law because of the aforementioned
               | concept "legal requirements".
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | Exactly this - there are differences in what you can
               | require from someone on employment contract and external
               | contracting company (whether that company is single
               | person or not) and effectively making one category into
               | another without actually reclassifying (like employing as
               | employee) is considered fraud in most places.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Can you give an example?
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | Your favorite web search engine is your friend here.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | There are possible frauds from both employer and employee
               | side, but I will list some common "landmines" of miss-
               | classification, though beware that they are picked across
               | different jurisdictions and I do not remember which apply
               | where. All examples are possible items that can be
               | decided to be part of misclassification, usually from
               | contractor to effective employee:
               | 
               | - requiring specific dress code is non-enforceable on
               | contractors in many places
               | 
               | - contractor is not required to provide specific person
               | to fulfill the job, only a person of appropriate
               | qualifications (it's valid for there to be a check on
               | those qualifications)
               | 
               | - in UK case, contractor might be asked to prove that
               | they have a substitute to work in their place!
               | 
               | - [Poland, possibly other] having only one client is not
               | illegal, but can be grounds for investigations and if
               | it's your only client where you work for equivalent of
               | full-time job, it will be evidence for tax fraud
               | 
               | - You can not enforce working hours on contractors in
               | most jurisdiction, only specific deliverables (taking
               | part of work meetings is deliverable, requiring
               | availability _in general_ of specific person at specific
               | times can be grounds for reclassification)
               | 
               | - above is often linked with "gig economy" - rules
               | regarding "contractors" needing to pick up available jobs
               | etc. are often considered illegal skirting of employment
               | law.
               | 
               | As sibling comment mentioned, more is available from your
               | local (too) friendly search engine. And employment
               | lawyers and HR specialists.
        
             | LunaSea wrote:
             | Everybody knows they aren't contractors.
        
               | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
               | In this case would it matter if they were contractors or
               | not?
               | 
               | There is a way of calculating the pay for a job. It is
               | predictable. Publish the algorithm. Want to change it?
               | Great. Update the documentation and then publish that.
               | The workers should be able to calculate exactly what they
               | are owed. They can decide to leave or stay.
               | 
               | Only in America are people deflecting by bringing up the
               | employment status of people when the issue is a lack of
               | transparency designed to allow wage theft.
        
           | or_am_i wrote:
           | To clarify, I was basing the "some 30%" on the wage change
           | distribution histogram that comes somewhat further down in
           | the article from the statement you quote.
        
           | alwa wrote:
           | Maybe not cut in stone, but if the data are derived from the
           | workers' payout receipts, it would seem likely that this was
           | the amount that was paid out by Shipt. Or do you mean that
           | third parties might be skimming something off after the
           | company pays out?
        
           | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
           | I mean, it wasn't "a clear case of wage theft" as these
           | weren't wage workers; and in any case it's not like they
           | weren't told ahead of time how much the order would pay.
        
         | febeling wrote:
         | I had similar thoughts. But let's not overlook the information
         | asymmetry, which contributed to the dissatisfaction. I don't
         | want to live in a world which is controlled unilaterally, and
         | intransparently by a group of people who assume they have a
         | full picture of the situation and assume they understand moral
         | completely, and also don't think it necessary to explain how
         | they think so highly of themselves.
        
           | braza wrote:
           | > I don't want to live in a world which is controlled
           | unilaterally, and intransparently by a group of people who
           | assume they have a full picture of the situation and assume
           | they understand moral completely
           | 
           | I have thought about this topic for a while at the time that
           | I worked with Law data (e.g. Family Law and Military Law),
           | and I just came to the conclusion that several societal
           | institutions and it's agents are inherently intransparent,
           | even in situations where some "illusionist transparency"
           | (there's transparency, but the magician deviates your
           | attention to another side) is given (e.g. judiciary system,
           | under-the-table political agreements, etc.).
           | 
           | That's one of the reasons I would like to have a more
           | algorithmic society with human in the loop calling the final
           | shots and placing the rationale on top. An algorithm will
           | have human and institutional biases but in some sort, you can
           | explain part of it and fine-tune it; a human making the final
           | call on top of a given option would need to explain and
           | rationally explain its decision. At best a human actor will
           | use logic and make the right call, at worst it will
           | transparently expose the biases of the individual.
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | << That's one of the reasons I would like to have a more
             | algorithmic society with human in the loop calling the
             | final shots and placing the rationale on top. An algorithm
             | will have human and institutional biases but in some sort,
             | you can explain part of it and fine-tune it; a human making
             | the final call on top of a given option would need to
             | explain and rationally explain its decision. At best a
             | human actor will use logic and make the right call, at
             | worst it will transparently expose the biases of the
             | individual.
             | 
             | I will admit that it is an interesting idea. I am not sure
             | it would work well as a lot of the power ( and pressure to
             | adjust as needed ) suddenly would move to the fine-tuning
             | portion of the process to ensure human at the top can
             | approve 'right' decisions. I am going to get my coffee now.
        
             | randomdata wrote:
             | _> a human making the final call on top of a given option
             | would need to explain and rationally explain its decision._
             | 
             | To who? What you describe does not seem much different than
             | the representation governments most of us here are
             | accustomed to, other than the algorithm eases some day-to-
             | day work required of the constituents. Already nobody
             | cares, and no doubt would care even less if they could let
             | an algorithm let them be even less involved.
        
             | hprotagonist wrote:
             | _I would like to have a more algorithmic society with human
             | in the loop calling the final shots and placing the
             | rationale on top_
             | 
             | Let's re-audit the algorithm regularly; say, perhaps, a
             | central committee revisits and revises the plan every 5
             | years?
        
               | cess11 wrote:
               | I'm not so sure the corporation will survive if humans
               | do.
        
           | mft_ wrote:
           | It's an interesting question, as we have a spectrum from
           | 'little to no transparency' through to 'full transparency'
           | (which is pretty rare), and in the middle sits the usual
           | approach of 'communications-team-led messaged quasi-
           | transparency'. Difficult to know (without more info) where
           | Shipt would have appeared on this spectrum, but given the
           | issue, they're probably somewhere towards the 'insufficient
           | transparency' end.
           | 
           | What's silly in this case is that (as others have pointed
           | out) the new algorithm _seems_ to have been reasonably
           | equitable, with a genuine redistribution of payments, rather
           | than just a cut overall. Shipt could have avoided this whole
           | situation with a straightforward explanation of the changes,
           | together with a few examples of the cases /jobs in which
           | people would earn more or less.
        
             | toss1 wrote:
             | YES.
             | 
             | If Shipt is actually trying to incentivize better
             | performance, it seems the best way is to be completely
             | transparent about the rewards algorithm. "Short high-value
             | trips are now somewhat de-rated, and trips requiring more
             | effort now have improved rewards, specifically ..." or
             | whatever.
             | 
             | This "communications team" approach did everyone a
             | disservice if Shipt mgt were really trying to improve
             | results.
             | 
             | OTOH, if the actual goal was to screw workers harder, they
             | accomplished that, as here ate arguments on HN about how
             | this could be good for the workers, thus successfully
             | obfuscating the goal of screw-the-workers.
        
               | pxx wrote:
               | even if total compensation was decreasing, the results
               | for the company can be improved by being able to provide
               | their services at a lower price point by cutting costs.
               | 
               | cutting costs is not "screwing workers". cutting costs is
               | key to acting in a competitive market.
        
               | alwa wrote:
               | Although as far as that graph reflects the the study's
               | results, the new distribution looks almost perfectly
               | balanced: even more people experienced a "10%+" bump than
               | a 10%+ reduction post-update.
               | 
               | By what mechanism do you suggest the worker-screwing is
               | happening here?
        
             | ddulaney wrote:
             | I think the issue is that there was full transparency on
             | pay (a fixed base rate plus a fixed percentage) and then it
             | was changed without warning.
             | 
             | I work for a salary, which is fully transparent in the
             | sense that I know what my next paycheck will be to the
             | penny. (It's not transparent in how it's set, but it is
             | week-to-week.) If my employer started paying me based on
             | effort, and didn't tell me what constituted effort, not
             | only would I be pissed off but that would be completely
             | illegal.
             | 
             | I'm not suggesting that this change is or should be
             | illegal. But if it happened to me I'd find it extremely
             | unfair.
        
           | theGnuMe wrote:
           | >I don't want to live in a world which is controlled
           | unilaterally, and intransparently by a group of people who
           | assume they have a full picture of the situation and assume
           | they understand moral completely, and also don't think it
           | necessary to explain how they think so highly of themselves.
           | 
           | We already do; uncertainty is fundamental at all levels.
        
           | cbsmith wrote:
           | I think that's a very fair point, but wouldn't that be true
           | even if Shipt hadn't made any changes?
           | 
           | It feels to me like the problem wasn't the change. For all we
           | know, the change was a net good thing. The bad thing was the
           | context in which the change occurred.
        
         | kazinator wrote:
         | "Only 68% of us are paid within one standard deviation of the
         | mean salary. Don't tell me this is normal!"
        
         | oefrha wrote:
         | > 40% are getting paid at least 10% less
         | 
         | That statement is wrong either way. Looking at the graph, ~22%
         | got a >10% cut while ~36% got a >10% raise. Overall ~43% got a
         | cut while ~57% got a raise. And if there's any doubt, later on
         | they dropped the "at least 10% less" qualifier for the 40%
         | figure in text:
         | 
         | > But we felt that it was important to shine a light on those
         | 40 percent of workers who had gotten an unannounced pay cut
         | through a black box transition.
         | 
         | Can't believe they (accidentally? intentionally?) screwed up
         | the very first concrete figure given in the article. Guess
         | what, discussion is now based on the wrong figure.
         | 
         | Also, the y-axis of the plot is labeled "number of workers"
         | when it should be "percentage of participating workers", unless
         | they had exactly 100 participants (they say they had 200+).
         | Lousy presentation.
         | 
         | I'm all for transparency, obviously.
         | 
         | Edit: In addition, since participation is entirely voluntary,
         | common sense tells me that the data they gather should skew
         | more negative, since people negatively affected are much more
         | likely to participate.
        
           | pxx wrote:
           | it seems clear to me from first principles and from
           | experience [0] that the result from voluntary compensation
           | sharing skews low compared to the actual population. it's the
           | people who want to complain about low wages who participate
           | in such schemes.
           | 
           | that's not to say sharing wages is bad. this can still
           | provide upward pressure on said wages. but the people who
           | participate in the beginning are likely from the lower end of
           | the distribution.
           | 
           | [0] websites like levels.fyi seem to consistently skew low
           | when estimating higher percentiles
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | Few things are more internet than people telling half truths
         | and whole lies to try and get their way.
        
       | moritonal wrote:
       | Do the worker's even see how much they'll make up front? If not,
       | how is this fair, or even legal? I'm doubtful anyone here would
       | go and work for McDonald's with the agreement being that they pay
       | you what they think you're worth, after the job's done. We all
       | see the asymmetry at play, and how it'd be abused at a moments
       | notice.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | IANAL, but I suspect that there's US law, specifying that there
         | needs to be a clear, transparent formula for pay.
         | 
         | Even convoluted ones, like commissions for sales, or shared
         | tips, are covered by law. I do know this, as I know a number of
         | salespeople and servers.
         | 
         | I suspect that the government needs to know what to tax, and
         | obfuscated pay, means obfuscated taxes.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | > I suspect that the government needs to know what to tax,
           | and obfuscated pay, means obfuscated taxes.
           | 
           | You're taxed on what you're paid. The government doesn't do a
           | parallel calculation and tax you on that.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | But what you don't get paid, the company keeps, and it may
             | come under different tax rules.
             | 
             | My experience is that governments are _quite_ interested in
             | where the money goes.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | What you don't get paid is not pay.
               | 
               | That is money that leaves the employer's account and goes
               | into the employee's account (or government's account for
               | tax withholding).
               | 
               | I don't see how this can be obfuscated.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Yes, but how is this relevant. That is also not
               | calculated based on a pay formula. It's reported.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | Eh. Not worth arguing about.
               | 
               | Not my area of expertise. That's why I pay an accountant.
        
               | woah wrote:
               | Thank you for contributing your wisdom
        
         | jt2190 wrote:
         | Having never used Shipt, I also find that part unclear:
         | 
         | > Target... offered same-day delivery from local stores. Those
         | deliveries were made by Shipt workers, who shopped for the
         | items and drove them to customers' doorsteps. Business was
         | booming... and yet workers found that their paychecks had
         | become... unpredictable. They were doing the same work they'd
         | always done, yet their paychecks were often less than they
         | expected.
         | 
         | Edit:
         | 
         | > On Facebook and Reddit, workers compared notes. Previously,
         | they'd known what to expect from their pay because Shipt had a
         | formula: It gave workers a base pay of $5 per delivery plus 7.5
         | percent of the total amount of the customer's order through the
         | app. That formula allowed workers to look at order amounts and
         | choose jobs that were worth their time. But Shipt had changed
         | the payment rules without alerting workers. When the company
         | finally issued a press release about the change, it revealed
         | only that the new pay algorithm paid workers based on "effort,"
         | which included factors like the order amount, the estimated
         | amount of time required for shopping, and the mileage driven.
        
         | gabesullice wrote:
         | This is the question. All the ethical concerns are almost
         | superfluous if the provider knows how much they're gonna earn,
         | at a minimum, before they accept the gig. It's either worth it
         | to them or it isn't.
         | 
         | If anything shoud be a regulation, this feels like the one to
         | add: platform opportunities must estimate and prominently
         | display the estimated time to complete the task and the minimum
         | payout after platform fees.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | Uber doesn't do that because the drivers wouldn't take ones
           | they don't like.
           | 
           | Remember, consumers are using platform apps like Uber because
           | they don't trust the drivers on the other side.
        
             | tbrownaw wrote:
             | > _Remember, consumers are using platform apps like Uber
             | because they don 't trust the drivers on the other side._
             | 
             | Oh, I thought it was because "push button to summon car"
             | is, like, _super_ convenient.
        
               | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
               | That too, but taxi drivers are indeed among the most
               | notorious for scams.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | There were taxi apps before Uber and they didn't work
               | because the taxi drivers wouldn't reliably come.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | People use platforms because it would be very silly to have
             | an app on the play store for each driver.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | And yet, I almost wonder if that would not be a better
               | system overall.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | If there was a driver you trusted then you could text
               | them or their taxi dispatcher. The problem is they won't
               | come, will scam you, won't take you to a poor
               | neighborhood, etc.
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | Uber solves one part of the equation. As I have recently
             | learned, ride sharing apps just allow you to get in touch
             | with the customer. In some countries, apparently, the drive
             | will 'work with rider' outside app control. It is a weird
             | cat and mouse game.
        
             | gabesullice wrote:
             | Hence the regulation would force Uber (and ultimately the
             | customer) to make it worth their while.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > Remember, consumers are using platform apps like Uber
             | because they don't trust the drivers on the other side.
             | 
             | I don't understand where these complex theories about ride
             | sharing apps come from.
             | 
             | People use Uber because it's easy and it's an app. Taxis
             | did not have a universal app at the time.
             | 
             | If you talk to young Uber users, chances are they wouldn't
             | actually know how to call a traditional taxi if you asked.
             | It's either Uber or Lyft because those are the apps they've
             | heard about.
             | 
             | Also, it's common for drivers to work for both Uber and
             | Lyft at different points, maybe the same time. There's no
             | real element of trust difference between the two options.
        
         | SkyPuncher wrote:
         | I think they do.
         | 
         | We use Shipt regularly and it's a bit different than the other
         | delivery apps. I now have a collection of favorite shoppers.
         | While jobs still go to the pool, these people have a first shot
         | at my order. I've learned the general availability of my
         | favorites and tend to place orders when I think there's a high
         | chance they'll be available to shop the order.
         | 
         | While it's still not me selecting an individual contractor,
         | it's not the randomness of other apps.
        
           | dsr_ wrote:
           | So... they've turned it from "we provide a good quality
           | service at a fair price" to "over time you will have a chance
           | to pick favorites, but not consistently".
           | 
           | That's enshittification for your use of the service, and
           | enshittification for the workers, too.
        
             | sweezyjeezy wrote:
             | Not sure I understand your argument - from a customer
             | perspective why is the service worse, and why do you
             | believe that it has BECOME worse?
        
               | dsr_ wrote:
               | If it were as good or better than before, nobody would
               | want to pay attention to when to schedule deliveries
               | based on the deliverator. Since this person specifically
               | wants some deliverators over others, that means that the
               | quality of the service is less good. They need to spend
               | time considering scheduling, where they did not before.
               | 
               | I don't worry about which USPS mail carrier delivers my
               | mail -- I know it will be consistent and good enough. I
               | happen to know who my usual carrier is, because I work
               | from home and she likes to say hi to cats if they are in
               | the front window. I also know the face of the usual UPS
               | driver and the usual FedEx driver; they aren't here 6
               | days a week, but often enough that I recognize them.
               | 
               | In none of those cases do I expect a quality change based
               | on the driver. I expect competence, and I get it so often
               | that the exceptions really stand out.
               | 
               | From the Shipt workers' perspective, they now need to
               | worry about customers discriminating among them rather
               | than just getting the job done.
        
               | alwa wrote:
               | This "Shipt," though, involves an opportunity for some
               | degree of relationship to make a difference, right? Your
               | mail carrier must deliver your package, the package is
               | the package, it's either delivered or not. Maybe there's
               | a small margin around the edge where one carrier is nice
               | to the cats and the other isn't.
               | 
               | These Shipt people, though, have to interpret your
               | preferences and essentially act as your agent as they
               | decide what to pick from the store shelves on your
               | behalf. Sometimes they make decisions that you probably
               | would have made, sometimes less so; sometimes they're
               | confident that you understand each other, sometimes
               | they're nervous and want to hassle you about each of 10
               | different little decision points. When you find somebody
               | I work well with, isn't it a positive that you get to try
               | to keep that relationship for future transactions? Isn't
               | this the same dynamic underpinning virtually every in-
               | person service, from your hair cutting human to the
               | tradies who do work on your house to the dry cleaner?
               | 
               | For that matter, doesn't it create a perverse incentive
               | if worker doesn't believe that trying to understand my
               | preferences will ever pay off? That it's a one-off game
               | rather than an iterated series of games, and effort to
               | excel and bring human judgment to bear is wasted because
               | there's no way to reward it?
               | 
               | Doesn't the enshittification tend to require as a
               | prerequisite that a platform is successful at alienating
               | service providers from service recipients (and from each
               | other) like that?
        
             | karaterobot wrote:
             | It sounds like a nice feature for users and an advantage
             | for workers.
        
       | mhh__ wrote:
       | This style of writing headlines really irks me
        
         | usernamed7 wrote:
         | I didn't have a problem with it. the style that really does irk
         | me are ones that reveal nothing useful, like if this was titled
         | just "fighting back"
        
       | theptip wrote:
       | A clear case of adverse selection in the old pricing model.
       | 
       | From a game-theoretic perspective in a gig marketplace you don't
       | want jobs that are strictly better, else sophisticated market
       | participants (workers) will select the best ones leaving chaff -
       | and a worse experience - for the less sophisticated participants.
       | 
       | What you are looking for is preference optionality, eg one Uber
       | driver might prefer not to do very long trips, another might
       | prefer it, and you ideally get paid fairly for either.
       | 
       | In this case as others have noted, it doesn't actually sound like
       | an unfair change. Perhaps communications could have been better
       | though.
        
         | biftek wrote:
         | No, you ideally want all the jobs to be good. With the old
         | model it was clear what the floor for getting something
         | delivered was. Target could have instead adjusted order
         | minimums or shrunk delivery zones instead.
         | 
         | Gamifying peoples livelihood is the problem.
        
           | theptip wrote:
           | > you ideally want all the jobs to be good
           | 
           | That is... exactly the point I made, when I said:
           | 
           | > you don't want jobs that are strictly better
           | 
           | Preference optionality is widely stated to be one of the
           | features that gig workers like about the arrangement.
           | 
           | The options you suggest are also valid ways of homogenizing
           | the jobs to reduce variance.
           | 
           | > Gamifying peoples livelihood is the problem
           | 
           | To be clear Game Theory applies to all economic interactions.
           | Mechanism Design is the branch of Game Theory pertaining to
           | market design to achieve desired outcomes, such as "avoid
           | adverse selection in my gig work marketplace".
           | 
           | Gamification is a specific application of video game design
           | to economic interactions, it's unrelated to what I'm
           | discussing. (Examples of Gamification would be gaining
           | experience points and levels for delivery, daily checking
           | rewards, achievement badges, etc. - the general goal in
           | Gamification is setting up a dopamine loop to encourage
           | repeat use of the app. Hopefully it's clear this is not what
           | I was talking about.)
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | applied Game Theory in real human history a.k.a. wealth-
             | building, has shown that the biggest empires with the most
             | wealth and the best armies are built with slavery. So
             | slavery did win, again and again and again. I don't think
             | most modern people have any idea how deep and wide the
             | history of slavery is ..
             | 
             | Game-theory is fun when you get good at it for designing
             | markets and products, but let us not lose sight of the
             | crucial discussion.. human beings with real lives are not
             | equal to economic parts.
        
         | russdill wrote:
         | We are entering an era where corporations have perfect data.
         | They can charge each customer exactly the maximum amount
         | possible, and pay each worker the exact minimum amount possible
        
           | brokenmachine wrote:
           | This is very insightful. I knew there was something wrong
           | with the whole thing but that explains it exactly.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | Is it really a marketplace if some central authority is
         | controlling which customers get matched to which vendors?
         | Sounds like central planning.
        
           | arrosenberg wrote:
           | Its a marketplace with strict rate fixing. This is ironic
           | since the libertarians who start these companies are
           | hysterical reactionaries any time the government tries to do
           | the same thing to make prices more fair for the public.
           | 
           | Central planning would be if a committee decided how many
           | rides there would be each year, regardless of demand.
        
         | demondemidi wrote:
         | I used to fly into Pittsburg and take an Uber to my
         | grandparents house 40 miles away. For years I could always get
         | an Uber but then after the pandemic my trip was rejected so
         | frequently that I had to start renting a car. So basically no
         | one wanted the gig and Uber never told me my ride was
         | unreasonable. Something changed in the algorithm to benefit
         | drivers, Uber, or both, at the expense of the customer, and
         | that info wasn't made clear to the users.
        
           | alwa wrote:
           | I'm curious: would you have felt better if Uber had just
           | rejected your ride request upfront ("Sorry, we can't offer
           | rides that far" or something)?
           | 
           | Or is this attitude of "hey, it's a long shot, but let's give
           | it a try and see if anybody takes the job" closer to the
           | attitude you'd like to see? If the latter, how would you
           | communicate that to the users?
           | 
           | I had an occasion a long time ago where I needed to request
           | an Uber for a ride similar to what you're describing. At that
           | time, apparently the driver didn't find out the route until
           | they'd committed to the ride. The guy swiped to say he'd
           | picked me up, and more or less broke down in tears when he
           | found out where I was needing to go. He lived 40 miles in the
           | other direction, was going off shift, and would be driving
           | the whole 90 miles home without any prayer of a passenger to
           | cover the time or cost. In that case I ended up giving the
           | guy a generous amount of cash to cover the imposition, but I
           | couldn't bring myself to use Uber for that route in the
           | future.
           | 
           | Until recently, when I had to use Uber for that route again.
           | This time it seemed like they'd gotten much better at
           | accommodating drivers' preference optionality: the guy who
           | picked me up drove over 110mph all the way to the airport.
           | Apparently when you drive like that, especially in an EV, the
           | more miles the better...
           | 
           | He explained that he could dial into the app that he
           | preferred longer trips and trips between areas that happened
           | to be connected by this lawless highway.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Driving an EV at 110mph is going to sap the range
             | horrendously. The power needed to overcome air
             | resistance/drag is proportional to the cube of the speed.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | It'll sap the range of any kind of vehicle, but refilling
               | an EV is a whole lot cheaper, so higher speeds are more
               | economic for an EV than a petrol car. (Assuming you don't
               | reach the point of running out in the middle of a shift
               | of course)
        
       | fallingfrog wrote:
       | "There's no technical reason why these algorithms need to be
       | black boxes; the real reason is to maintain the power structure."
       | 
       | I'm kind of amazed that the article has the courage to say this
       | out loud. The New York Times or any mainstream publication would
       | never have been so honest.
       | 
       | If anything they would have said some weasel words like "some ex-
       | associates of shipt have complained that the app's compensation
       | system is unfair." Rather than just blurt out the truth, which is
       | that it's unfair by design because the owners of the app want to
       | maintain a certain power relationship. It's the kind of thing
       | that everyone knows but is not allowed to say in printed form.
        
         | alias_neo wrote:
         | > I'm kind of amazed that the article has the courage to say
         | this out loud. The New York Times or any mainstream publication
         | would never have been so honest.
         | 
         | It's the IEEE, (we) Engineers are known for having an aversion
         | to bullshit, and just for straight-up having no filter. I wish
         | more of the world worked that way.
        
       | bithead wrote:
       | >Those deliveries were made by Shipt workers, who shopped for the
       | items and drove them to customers' doorsteps.
       | 
       | I've seen Shipt's operations internally, and they don't go
       | shopping for stuff at stores and then deliver them, unless that's
       | a different part of the business.
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | Wow, gig or not, workers should be paid transparently.
       | 
       | Which should be obvious but this is kind of the problem with
       | enshittification where once a business feels they have a bit of a
       | moat (like with a two sided marketplace) they will erode the
       | service to take every advantage unless stopped by regulation. No
       | one likes regulation because it's effectively crufty technical
       | debt and our political system is far too slow, corrupt, or
       | incompetent to effectively refactor it so the best we can do is
       | either nothing and endure the enshittification or layer on more
       | cruft, usually far after the fact multiple years and court fights
       | later.
        
       | jtriangle wrote:
       | >60 percent of workers were making about the same or slightly
       | more under the new scheme. But we felt that it was important to
       | shine a light on those 40 percent of workers
       | 
       | Absolutely pathetic investigative journalism on display. This is
       | a hit piece thinly veiled under the guise of being pro worker
       | that fails to support the main point of algorithmic management of
       | gig workers is worse for everyone but the corporation employing
       | it.
       | 
       | If anything, they proved that shipt's algo did exactly what it
       | was designed and reported to do, make payments more fair.
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | > If anything, they proved that shipt's algo did exactly what
         | it was designed and reported to do, make payments more fair.
         | 
         | They didn't prove that. It's entirely possible the algo was
         | skimming something off the top. It's entirely possible the algo
         | was disproportionately rewarding some people to the detriment
         | of others. A lot of it depends on what one thinks is "fair"...
         | and without transparency, we can't even judge whether it is or
         | not... which itself could be argued is unfair.
        
       | alwa wrote:
       | If the whole point of the algo change is to correct an unfairness
       | by which a strict fee+cart value approach doesn't reliably
       | reflect the amount of work somebody's being asked to do, isn't
       | this exactly the outcome we expect? That the people who were
       | putting more work in now get more money, while the people who
       | were benefiting from sniffing out the "easy" jobs now make
       | something more in line with everybody else's compensation?
       | 
       | It does seem unsporting on the company's part to play coy about
       | the details. I wonder what the imperative was there: to avoid
       | squabbling with workers about what "effort" means? To reduce the
       | chances of legal scrutiny in one of the thousands of
       | jurisdictions they operate in? To preserve the flexibility to
       | quietly turn the dial in their own favor in the future?
       | 
       | I'm reminded of how Uber caught flak over surge pricing, and
       | ultimately dealt with that by making pricing completely opaque.
       | Now they still might say "prices are a little higher because of
       | the weather" if they decide to, but normally you don't even
       | _expect_ to know whether your price for a given ride is based on
       | their estimate of your desperation, their having sized you up as
       | price-insensitive, driver supply, or what...
        
         | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
         | Apart from the workers and the company there is another
         | important actor here - the clients. I think the point of the
         | algo change was to better serve clients with smaller orders.
        
       | croemer wrote:
       | > The system used optical character recognition--the same
       | technology that lets you search for a word in a PDF file
       | 
       | That's not correct, at least for "digitally-born PDFs" that were
       | made on a computer and haven't been scanned. In that case, the
       | PDF can be parsed directly, without OCR, to get text. That's what
       | a tool like PyPDF2 does, for example.
        
         | alwa wrote:
         | It sounds like they were parsing screenshots that workers
         | submitted by SMS
        
           | croemer wrote:
           | I'm not disputing that they used OCR. What's wrong is that
           | searching text in PDFs doesn't usually involve OCR.
        
       | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
       | There is an inherent flaw in those algos - they can be played by
       | bots that scan for the best orders, while workers without bots
       | and customers with smaller orders are left hanging. Better to
       | just pay by the hour - you agree to deliver any order thrown at
       | you during your shift.
        
         | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
         | But then you'd be an employee, rather than an independent
         | contractor; and that would break the business model. No value
         | judgment there, just facts.
        
       | sweeter wrote:
       | The "Gig Economy" is a literal cancer to society and I genuinely
       | hope the upper management get everything that they deserve and
       | then some.
        
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