[HN Gopher] Supreme Court rules ex-presidents have immunity for ...
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       Supreme Court rules ex-presidents have immunity for official acts
        
       Author : _rend
       Score  : 618 points
       Date   : 2024-07-01 17:19 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (apnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (apnews.com)
        
       | soloist11 wrote:
       | Now we know that US presidents are above the law. I always
       | assumed that was the case so this is just confirmation for
       | everyone else who had any doubts.
        
       | zeroonetwothree wrote:
       | Immunity for things they do as part of their official duties. I
       | suppose it's reasonable but the question will now turn to what is
       | actually an official duty.
       | 
       | The opposite holding, where they are liable for everything, would
       | be untenable. Could Obama be prosecuted for ordering drone
       | strikes that unintentionally killed two Americans? It seems like
       | that world would hamstring the president far too much.
       | 
       | I don't know if they struck the right balance here (and we not
       | know until the next time it comes up), but at least we have
       | slightly more clarity.
        
         | IIAOPSW wrote:
         | >I suppose it's reasonable but the question will now turn to
         | what is actually an official duty.
         | 
         | I'm fairly sure there's a full and complete list of these is
         | explicitly in the Constitution.
        
           | throw0101b wrote:
           | > _I 'm fairly sure there's a full and complete list of these
           | is explicitly in the Constitution._
           | 
           | Roberts disagrees in the decision (p. 17):
           | 
           | > _Distinguishing the President's official actions from his
           | unofficial ones can be difficult. When the President acts
           | pursuant to "constitutional and statutory authority," he
           | takes official action to perform the functions of his office.
           | Fitzgerald, 457 U. S., at 757. Determining whether an ac-
           | tion is covered by immunity thus begins with assessing the
           | President's authority to take that action._
           | 
           | > _But the breadth of the President's "discretionary respon-
           | sibilities" under the Constitution and laws of the United
           | States "in a broad variety of areas, many of them highly
           | sensitive," frequently makes it "difficult to determine which
           | of [his] innumerable 'functions' encompassed a particular
           | action." Id., at 756. And some Presidential conduct--for
           | example, speaking to and on behalf of the American people,
           | see Trump v. Hawaii, 585 U. S. 667, 701 (2018)--certainly can
           | qualify as official even when not obviously connected to a
           | particular constitutional or statutory provision. For those
           | reasons, the immunity we have recognized extends to the
           | "outer perimeter" of the President's official
           | responsibilities, covering actions so long as they are "not
           | manifestly or pal- pably beyond [his] authority." Blassingame
           | v. Trump, 87F. 4th 1, 13 (CADC 2023) (internal quotation
           | marks omit- ted); see Fitzgerald, 457 U. S., at 755-756
           | (noting that we have "refused to draw functional lines finer
           | than history and reason would support")._
           | 
           | > _In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts may
           | not inquire into the President's motives. Such an inquiry
           | would risk exposing even the most obvious instances of of-
           | ficial conduct to judicial examination on the mere allegation
           | of improper purpose, thereby intruding on the Article II in-
           | terests that immunity seeks to protect. Indeed, "[i]t would
           | seriously cripple the proper and effective administration of
           | public affairs as entrusted to the executive branch of the
           | government" if "[i]n exercising the functions of his office,"
           | the President was "under an apprehension that the motives
           | that control his official conduct may, at any time, become
           | the subject of inquiry."_ [...]
           | 
           | > _Nor may courts deem an action unofficial merely because it
           | allegedly violates a generally applicable law. For in-
           | stance, when Fitzgerald contended that his dismissal vio-
           | lated various congressional statutes and thus rendered his
           | discharge "outside the outer perimeter of [Nixon's] duties,"
           | we rejected that contention. 457 U. S., at 756. Otherwise,
           | Presidents would be subject to trial on "every allegation
           | that an action was unlawful," depriving immunity of its
           | intended effect. Ibid._
           | 
           | * https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
        
             | lenerdenator wrote:
             | That last point is bothersome, because if you're looking at
             | "color of law" as a defense, when does that end?
             | 
             | A good example is that killer cop in Minneapolis, I don't
             | remember his name or care to fill my brain with it. He was
             | acting officially when George Floyd died under his care; he
             | was responding to a 911 call that Floyd was the subject of.
             | 
             | The cop was convicted of murder, but let's say that POTUS
             | does something abhorrent (and this is likely to occur now
             | that this is case law) under color of law and someone
             | wanted to charge him or her because of it. Does that get
             | somehow pulled back as it did for the cop?
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | Trump's legal team argued, I think in this case, that a
               | president should be immune from prosecution up to and
               | including calling a hit on a political opponent. Which,
               | given all the consternation about Biden persecuting his
               | political opponent, sounded like a bit of an
               | invitation...
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | Well, SCOTUS didn't give POTUS license to do that, but
               | they did give license to do something awful and then have
               | their defense team argue that the act was a part of
               | official duties, with a chance that a judge, possibly
               | appointed by the President, agrees.
               | 
               | The thing about Biden, since you brought him up, is he's
               | unlikely to test this in any meaningful way with regards
               | to Trump. Could he theoretically now have the USSS detail
               | in charge of babysitting Trump indefinitely detain him,
               | without consequence? Maybe. But he still has at least
               | some belief in the process and won't do that.
               | 
               | This gives me flashbacks to lessons about von Hindenburg.
               | An old guard who had belief in the process going by it
               | even when dealing with someone who has obvious and
               | sneering contempt for that process.
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | > An old guard who had belief in the process going by it
               | even when dealing with
               | 
               | To be fair the situation in Germany was multipolar.
               | Hindenburg wasn't a huge fan of democracy or especially
               | of one run by Catholics, liberals and socialists and just
               | saw the nazis as a lesser evil..
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | > Could he theoretically now have the USSS detail in
               | charge of babysitting Trump indefinitely detain him,
               | without consequence?
               | 
               | I mean under what idea is that part of his official
               | duties? If it's not it's literally exactly the same as
               | before. Biden can do this at literally any moment. This
               | court case doesn't change his ability to make unlawful
               | moves.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Very much in the air and down to courts to decide,
               | ordering the military around is certainly within the
               | official acts but doing it on US soil not directly
               | pursuant to external boundaries like the border generally
               | wouldn't be.
               | 
               | Ultimately I think the issue with this is we're trying to
               | address a deep systematic issue through the system it's
               | infected. Often those issues can't be solved that way and
               | have to go around the system itself somehow. You're
               | unlikely to be able to sue your way out of a fascist coup
               | when it's successful for example, and similarly
               | disadvantaged when the avenue is carrying water for a
               | failed coup.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | On the other hand, if Trump marches on Washington at the
               | head of an army surely Biden can take him out with an
               | airstrike. Extreme scenarios often lead to bad law.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | That's what happens when the unitary Executive and the
             | Commerce Clause expand to devour the entire constitution.
             | If we wanted to reduce the expansiveness of executive power
             | (the Bush Doctrine), Obama was given the mandate to do it,
             | but instead went out of his way to codify the practices
             | which a lot of people thought had been illegal.
             | 
             | To borrow from a similar claim: with the combination of the
             | "Due Process" interpretation that backed the al-Awlaki
             | killing (where Holder explained that due process was simply
             | a term designating whatever process that they do, and could
             | entirely occur in one's own head), and this judgement,
             | _Trump could have stood in the middle of 5th Avenue and
             | shot somebody and could not be charged for it._ So can
             | Biden.
             | 
             | -----
             | 
             | edit:
             | 
             |  _Ten Years after the al-Awlaki Killing: A Reckoning for
             | the United States' Drones Wars Awaits_
             | 
             | https://mwi.westpoint.edu/ten-years-after-the-al-awlaki-
             | kill...
             | 
             | > From the Magna Carta to the US Constitution, citizens
             | have sought ways to protect themselves from the arbitrary
             | exercise of sovereign power. The drone strike on al-Awlaki
             | reversed this historical process with an executive process.
             | From the so-called "Terror Tuesday" or "targeting Tuesday"
             | meetings where President Obama personally approved targets
             | for drone strikes to the drafting of the legal logic
             | justifying the extrajudicial killing of an American
             | citizen, the strike on al-Awlaki was the result of decision
             | making within the executive branch. Completely absent from
             | the proceedings was the judiciary, which acts as a crucial
             | buffer and neutral arbiter between the citizen and the
             | executive.
             | 
             | > In its own defense, the Obama administration argued that
             | due process was not the same thing as judicial process and
             | presented the test that it used to justify the targeted
             | killing. While some observers have emphasized the
             | narrowness of the legal standard, it was crafted
             | specifically to target al-Awlaki, therefore reinforcing
             | just how discretionary this exercise of executive power
             | was. Furthermore, it was conceived of and adjudged
             | constitutionally sufficient by attorneys who had previously
             | opposed executive overreach during the Bush administration.
             | 
             | [It's interesting that the al-Awlaki killing was over
             | speech, too. So while the executive branch is not allowed
             | to exercise prior restraint over speech, Presidents are now
             | constitutionally immunized for murdering people to keep
             | them from speaking.]
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | _> the question will now turn to what is actually an official
         | duty_
         | 
         | Fortunately, the past rulings of this court have made the
         | jurisprudence abundantly clear:
         | 
         | If Biden orders Trump to be assassinated, that's unofficial,
         | and he can be prosecuted.
         | 
         | If Trump orders Biden to be assassinated, that's official, and
         | he has complete immunity.
         | 
         | Easy, right?
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Please don't take HN threads into political flamewar hell, or
           | any other flamewar hell. That's what we're trying to avoid
           | here.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | This feels likely highly selected be encorcement.
             | 
             | Either let people vent or nuke the whole thread
        
         | lenerdenator wrote:
         | The problem is, the people who make the call of what is or is
         | not an official duty are often in thrall to the President in
         | one way or another.
         | 
         | This is a disaster for rule of law.
        
           | MagicMoonlight wrote:
           | Well obviously... otherwise a politician paid by putin could
           | remove the ability for the president to fire the nuclear
           | weapons. You can't have randos deciding what the leader can
           | do.
           | 
           | The question is, will everyone surrounding a president allow
           | the president to commit mass cullings or nuke California. And
           | the answer is clearly not, outside of delusional fantasy
           | scenarios.
           | 
           | Trump wasn't even allowed to build a wall, and you think his
           | VP would have let him commit genocide?
        
             | lenerdenator wrote:
             | > You can't have randos deciding what the leader can do.
             | 
             | These aren't randos; they're federal prosecutors that are
             | hired by the sitting President of the United States.
             | 
             | Let's say that even if there is a decision that Trump's
             | acts aren't related to his official duties and he somehow
             | gets punished for those charges (I wouldn't hold my
             | breath). How does this not give Biden and future Presidents
             | a way to seriously abuse their power with a hope that
             | they're not held accountable for it? Before it was just a
             | hypothetical. Now we've crossed the Rubicon and established
             | that there are scenarios in which a President can have
             | unlimited power.
        
               | throwaway173738 wrote:
               | It's also likely that the project 2025 people will have
               | almost every federal employee declared a political
               | appointee which would give any sitting president the
               | power to fire any prosecutor prosecuting him. This was
               | one of the OMB changes Trump made at the end of his last
               | presidency.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | There are some already drawing up list of those employees
               | for targeting during a potential second Trump term, using
               | a grant from the Heritage Foundation, IIRC.
        
               | jkestner wrote:
               | It may be a saving grace that little will get done when
               | all the people with institutional knowledge are fired.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | I don't think this really matters in this specific case;
               | the DoJ itself has a policy of not prosecuting sitting
               | presidents.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | I mean, this isn't outside the norm. Most government
               | employees and officials either elected, appointed, or
               | hired generally don't have personal liability for
               | discretionary acts of their office under the principle of
               | qualified immunity.
        
               | Gluber wrote:
               | It's really weird to watch all that from the other side
               | of the pond. In my country for example, all politicians
               | have immunity but our parliament can revoke it for anyone
               | using a majority ruling... ( having more than two
               | political parties helps )
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | > Now we've crossed the Rubicon and established that
               | there are scenarios in which a President can have
               | unlimited power.
               | 
               | Yes, the places where he is explicitly given unlimited
               | power.....
        
               | tines wrote:
               | That's a tortuous use of the word unlimited. The
               | president has very limited power that is spelled out by
               | the constitution and proscribed by Congress. Using that
               | limited power in the way it is permitted is not
               | "unlimitedly using limited power."
        
             | ffsm8 wrote:
             | Your looking at it from today's perspective, but these
             | kinds of rules need to be looked at from the perspective of
             | worst case scenario - don't limit it to the current
             | candidates, think about what a future president in... Say
             | 30yrs is gonna do.
             | 
             | The weihmaher republik was a pretty good democracy back in
             | the day. It just gave the leader certain rights, and
             | suddenly Hitler became the dictator, creating Nazi Germany.
             | 
             | Everyone needs a limit to their power, otherwise they'll be
             | able to essentially flip the board and declare themselves
             | emperor.
             | 
             | Please don't project what I said here onto trump, Biden or
             | Obama. None of them are on that level. It's just possible
             | that a future president is that morally bankrupt,
             | especially if social issues continue to accrue/inequality
             | keeps growing unchecked.
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | > The weihmaher republik was a pretty good democracy back
               | in the day.
               | 
               | No it wasn't. It had armed gangs, both right and left-
               | wing, fighting in the streets, completely failed monetary
               | policy and sky-high level of corruption. The republic
               | just started to kind of getting back to normal for a few
               | years at the end of 1920s, and then was wrecked with
               | Great Depression.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | > It had armed gangs, both right and left-wing, fighting
               | in the streets
               | 
               | See: 2020 in the US.
               | 
               | > completely failed monetary policy
               | 
               | See printing off a lot of money to deal with an emergency
               | because the US hasn't had a meaningful conversation about
               | revenue since 1993 when George HW Bush went back on "read
               | my lips"
               | 
               | > sky-high level of corruption
               | 
               | You have people on this court accepting vacations and
               | gifts from people who are wishing to push a certain
               | political viewpoint on the court. They just ruled this
               | was okay, too, by neutering a federal anti-bribery
               | statute. Money is considered protected political speech.
               | 
               | There are a _lot_ of parallels between Weimar Germany and
               | the current state of the USA. More than anyone should
               | feel comfortable with.
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | To be fair there is still a very long way to go if you
               | look at the actual details.
               | 
               | > There are a lot of parallels between Weimar Germany and
               | the current state of the USA
               | 
               | It might be dysfunctional but largely in very different
               | ways (unless you view it extremely superficially).
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | > It had armed gangs, both right and left-wing, fighting
               | in the streets
               | 
               | And even moderate ones.
               | 
               | > completely failed monetary policy
               | 
               | IIRC during the period between 1923 and the Great
               | Depression (i.e. majority of its existence) it was
               | relatively stable.
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | > Please don't project what I said here onto trump, Biden
               | or Obama
               | 
               | Technically the US is in this predicament because one of
               | them wanted his vice president to not name a successor,
               | after mentioning several times during his presidency that
               | he wanted a third term.
               | 
               | Just because he's a bad wannabe dictator, it doesn't mean
               | he's not a wannabe dictator. He even said so himself,
               | "just for one day".
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | > It just gave the leader certain rights, and suddenly
               | Hitler became the dictator, creating Nazi Germany
               | 
               | Not it didn't give him those rights. The parliament
               | (including moderate parties) explicitly granted him the
               | power to so whatever he wanted after the nazis were
               | already in power.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enabling_Act_of_1933
        
               | ffsm8 wrote:
               | Now read up on how he got his people into the Parlament
               | and have your mind blown
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | Winning elections? There was only so much they could do
               | without cooperation from the other far-right parties and
               | especially Hindenburg.
        
             | ffgjgf1 wrote:
             | > otherwise a politician paid by putin could remove the
             | ability for the president to fire the nuclear weapons. You
             | can't have randos deciding what the leader can do.
             | 
             | No, apparently it's much easier and safer to just pay off
             | the president directly.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | This is really just the formal ruling that qualified immunity
         | is applied to the presidency. Just like with other qualified
         | immunity, it'll be messy to figure out what should be covered
         | an what is not.
        
         | squidbeak wrote:
         | > The opposite holding, where they are liable for everything,
         | would be untenable
         | 
         | Only where their actions were already criminal under the law.
         | This is the problem. No-one should be above the law.
        
         | haroldp wrote:
         | Obama ordered drone strikes that _intentionally_ killed at
         | least two Americans. One he copped to, one he denied was
         | intentional.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Abdulrahman_al-Awla...
         | 
         | To my mind, that is exactly the sort of thing I'd like to be
         | hamstrung by a fear of prosecution.
         | 
         | (Trump ordered drone a drone strike that also killed
         | Abdulrahman's eight-year-old American sister.)
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | Yeah, this pearl-clutching about presidents being tried for
           | criminal acts is loathsome. I think quite a lot of people
           | believe that quite a few past presidents are guilty of war
           | crimes, and that there should be real consequences for those
           | crimes. My knowledge of history in this regard more or less
           | begins with the Vietnam War: since 1955, I am not aware of a
           | single president who hasn't ordered acts that are crimes
           | against humanity. And throughout that time period, our crimes
           | against humanity have brought ruin to much of the world.
           | Perhaps presidents _should_ fear the law.
        
         | lupusreal wrote:
         | > _Could Obama be prosecuted for ordering drone strikes that
         | unintentionally killed two Americans?_
         | 
         | Unintentionally? American citizens were the _intended targets_
         | of some of his drone strikes. They weren 't in warzones either,
         | it was effectively murder.
        
         | runjake wrote:
         | > Could Obama be prosecuted for ordering drone strikes that
         | unintentionally killed two Americans?
         | 
         | If you're referring to Anwar Al-Awlaki and his son, both US
         | citizens, it was _intentional_.
         | 
         | If you're _not_ referring to this, Obama 's already done this
         | without getting charged.
         | 
         | Being POTUS is an unenviable job.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki
         | 
         | Edit: Since people are assuming my views on this topic, I'll
         | say that they're seriously conflicted and I'm not trying to
         | imply any particular viewpoint, only the facts.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | on a tangent, was the drone operator charged? iirc "just
           | following orders" only goes so far.
        
             | haroldp wrote:
             | No. It seems unlikely that the drone pilot would have all
             | of that information beyond where the target was, that would
             | be necessary to make an informed decision about
             | participating in an extrajudicial execution of an American
             | citizen.
        
               | runjake wrote:
               | From my experience in manned operations, you're basically
               | only given a target, not the details.
               | 
               | Based on that, I would assume the targeter did not know
               | whom they were targeting. Or they did, knew the orders
               | came from the National Command Authority[1] (Eg. POTUS)
               | and did it anyway. I would have.
               | 
               | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Command_Authori
               | ty_(Un...
        
           | itsdavesanders wrote:
           | I keep seeing this argument pop up about "should Obama be
           | prosecuted" like it's some sort of "gotcha liberal!"
           | 
           | And as a liberal I think "hell YES he should be prosecuted!"
           | The government shouldn't just go around killing citizens
           | without due process. I don't care what letter is by their
           | name.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | I think that is 99% true, with the exception of civilians
             | who take up arms against the US.
             | 
             | Imagine the civil war if the union couldn't kill
             | confederates.
        
               | SahAssar wrote:
               | > Imagine the civil war if the union couldn't kill
               | confederates.
               | 
               | A full scale civil war really is an extraordinary case
               | and is a lot more akin to a regular war than what we are
               | talking about here.
               | 
               | I'm more afraid of someone declaring war on an abstract
               | concept (like the "war on terror") and then using broad
               | powers meant to be used in normal wars between states
               | that have declared combatants than I am of a civil war.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | I wonder how that would play out in today's Congress.
               | There is technically no country to declare war on, unless
               | you can declare war on yourself, so they would have to
               | first redefine the United States as two parts. After that
               | is passed, they could declare war on the opposing half. I
               | guess I'm kind of seeing how the Chinese governments got
               | themselves tied up in knots with their continuity of
               | state and all.
        
               | SahAssar wrote:
               | I'd imagine that you can declare war on a specific group
               | (that does not have to be defined as a state) like the
               | "confederate states of america" without it having to be a
               | nebulous concept like "terror". But I don't know enough
               | to say for certain.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | If we have a declared war between the US and the people
               | (US citizens or otherwise) who are taking up arms against
               | the US, then sure, attack away.
               | 
               | But otherwise, the only remedy should be judicial process
               | against these people: arrests, trial, etc. Otherwise we
               | have a term for it: extrajudicial killing.
               | 
               | Of course, Congress has given the executive branch weird
               | war powers over the past few decades, so legally I'm sure
               | they're in the clear, unfortunately.
        
             | vundercind wrote:
             | I hear the same shit a lot. IRL, and in right wing media.
             | "They don't seem to get that if they can prosecute Trump,
             | we can prosecute Biden and Hillary for [any of several
             | shaky charges]"
             | 
             | No, no: we do get that. We just think that's a _good
             | thing_. If you have the evidence (you don't, or we'd have
             | seen, like, any of it at all) then by all means, prosecute
             | the absolute shit out of them!
        
             | downWidOutaFite wrote:
             | That's the appropriate patriotic response that you'd hope
             | all Americans would give, especially those who have sworn
             | to defend the constitution. But what I've come to realize
             | is that a lot of Americans somehow see it as their
             | patriotic duty to destroy the Federal government, and will
             | support anything that will undermine it, including breaking
             | the rule of law and a scorched earth attack on "liberals"
             | that wish to uphold our form of government. This is the
             | legacy of the Confederate grievance that is still very much
             | alive today.
        
         | enragedcacti wrote:
         | Its more like "immunity for any action within the realm of
         | presidential power, regardless of motive or criminality".
         | Accepting a bribe in exchange for a pardon would be A-ok on the
         | basis that pardoning is a "conclusive and preclusive" authority
         | of the president.
         | 
         | > The opposite holding, where they are liable for everything,
         | would be untenable.
         | 
         | Literally no one was arguing for this and there are much more
         | reasonable interpretations of presidential immunity you could
         | compare this one to.
        
           | ameister14 wrote:
           | No, the act undertaken in exchange for the bribe would be
           | under the immunity umbrella but the act of taking the bribe
           | would not.
        
             | enragedcacti wrote:
             | > The President's authority to pardon, in other words, is
             | "conclusive and preclusive," "disabling the Congress from
             | acting upon the subject."
             | 
             | > Congress cannot act on, and courts cannot examine, the
             | President's actions on subjects within his "conclusive and
             | preclusive" constitutional authority. It follows that an
             | Act of Congress--either a specific one targeted at the
             | President or a generally applicable one--may not
             | criminalize the President's actions within his exclusive
             | constitutional power. Neither may the courts adjudicate a
             | criminal prosecution that examines such Presidential
             | actions. We thus conclude that the President is absolutely
             | immune from criminal prosecution for conduct within his
             | exclusive sphere of constitutional authority.
             | 
             | Further evidence is that Sotomayors makes the claim in no
             | uncertain terms and that the majority makes zero effort to
             | dispute it.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | Yes, I agree - the President is immune for the official
               | act they undertake, the existence of which allows for a
               | the charge of bribery.
               | 
               | They are not immune for the non-official act of
               | soliciting or accepting bribes in exchange for an
               | official act, which is the charge of bribery.
               | 
               | So if the President took a bribe in order to make someone
               | ambassador to Sweden, they could not be prosecuted for
               | making that person the ambassador, but they _could_ be
               | prosecuted for taking the bribe.
        
               | vharuck wrote:
               | Note that the majority opinion forbids prosecutors from
               | referencing the official act in court, no matter the
               | charge. So they'd have to prove the President accepted a
               | bribe, but never mention anything about the
               | ambassadorship. How could a jury ever reach a guilty
               | verdict? At most, the evidence would point to a President
               | receiving a lavish monetary gift.
               | 
               | This isn't a misreading of the ruling. Justice Barret
               | dissented from that particular part of the majority
               | opinion, bringing up the hypothetical of bribery.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | well that's insane
        
               | tapoxi wrote:
               | They just decided last week in Snyder v. United States
               | that its only a bribe if you have clear evidence, and a
               | suspicious gift is just fine and perfectly legal.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | They essentially decided that with executives years ago
               | with McDonnell v US
        
               | sobellian wrote:
               | SCOTUS has repeatedly hemmed in the scope of bribery
               | charges and expanded executive privilege. The only way to
               | nail the president for a corrupt appointment at this rate
               | would be:
               | 
               |  _Enter LOBBYIST and POTUS on CONGRESS floor_
               | 
               | LOBBYIST: _projecting voice_ I am now rendering payment
               | in exchange my appointment as ambassador to Sweden. What
               | say you?
               | 
               | POTUS: _projecting voice_ Yes, I knowingly accept these
               | improper funds and -
               | 
               |  _CONGRESS immediately gathers a quorum, impeaches, and
               | removes POTUS mid-sentence_
               | 
               | POTUS: - name you ambassador to Sweden.
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | Discussing the expectations of appointments with
               | potential candidates is an official act as president and
               | would enjoy immunity the same way that conferring to
               | commit crimes with the DOJ does. It is theoretically
               | possible that the dumbest person alive could get
               | convicted but generally the latitude seems to be insanely
               | wide.
        
               | mahogany wrote:
               | How can you determine that the bribe was for an official
               | act if "... courts cannot examine the President's actions
               | on subjects within his "conclusive and preclusive"
               | constitutional authority"? In other words, if courts
               | cannot even examine the official action, then what is the
               | bribe even for? A bribe needs to be connected to an
               | action to be considered a bribe at all.
        
             | mullingitover wrote:
             | We just established last week that obviously the bribe
             | would come after the official act, making it a gratuity and
             | thus free and clear of any whiff of wrongdoing.
        
         | ein0p wrote:
         | What do you mean, "unintentionally"? Obama deliberately and
         | knowingly ordered an extrajudicial killing of a US citizen.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | Obama ordered Bin Laden killed. Should he be prosecuted for
         | that?
         | 
         | Remember that the President can still be impeached for "high
         | crimes and misdemeanors".
        
           | squidbeak wrote:
           | I'm unclear why ordering the death of one of his nation's
           | worst foes, whose network was still at war with the US, could
           | ever be illegal?
        
             | InTheArena wrote:
             | He would have been sued with no immunity. Either by
             | Pakistan, or by members of the family, or whomever. The
             | fact that they had no legal basis for it is inevitable, it
             | still would have resulted in years and years of legal pain
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | He was never convicted of a crime.
             | 
             | I'm trying to point out that it is not at all easy to draw
             | a line between what a President _could_ be prosecuted for
             | and what he _should_ be prosecuted for.
             | 
             | I'm pretty sure one could find abuse of power committed by
             | about every President.
             | 
             | Even Jefferson - he wasn't empowered to make the Louisiana
             | Purchase, but did it anyway.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | I think this particular ruling gets it really wrong,
               | though.
               | 
               | For a president to be able to conduct "official acts" in
               | self interest, with no obvious limits, is quite
               | concerning.
               | 
               | I think the president should enjoy a _weak presumption_
               | that official acts are legitimate. But this goes way too
               | far-- prohibiting consideration of motives, prohibiting
               | using them as context or evidence in any other
               | proceeding, and appearing to classify what would be
               | horrible abuses as official acts.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | There's also the Supreme Court ruling that it was illegal
               | for Biden to do mass loan forgiveness, yet Biden did it
               | anyway.
               | 
               | Should Biden be prosecuted for that?
        
               | trealira wrote:
               | I think it was an impeachable offense, given that
               | Democrats knew from the start that the president didn't
               | have that power, yet he tried it anyway and let the
               | courts strike it down. Pelosi even said once: "People
               | think that the President of the United States has the
               | power for debt forgiveness. He does not. He can postpone.
               | He can delay. But he does not have that power. That has
               | to be an act of Congress."
               | 
               | I don't know if that would be prosecutable. Is there a
               | federal law against acting as though you have powers you
               | do not while in office?
               | 
               | I suppose the difference is that having SEAL Team Six
               | kill a political opponent on the President's orders seems
               | like it should be classified as first-degree murder.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The court struck him down, and yet he has _continued_ to
               | do it.
        
               | trealira wrote:
               | Are you implying that should make me want to change my
               | previous answer?
        
               | kweingar wrote:
               | That is a good point. I would happily let Trump go free
               | if it means that Biden can delete all student debt
               | without fear of prosecution.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | I wouldn't. Edu debt is insidious, but it's not worth
               | allowing the president break whatever laws desired as
               | long as the actions can be twisted to be considered
               | "official".
        
         | doctorpangloss wrote:
         | > Could Obama be prosecuted for ordering drone strikes that
         | unintentionally killed two Americans? It seems like that world
         | would hamstring the president far too much.
         | 
         | I feel like you'd have a different opinion if it were you
         | getting unintentionally killed!
        
           | Jiro wrote:
           | Saying "Obama killed Americans" is really demonstrating a
           | problem with birthright citizenship. Without that, these
           | Americans wouldn't be Americans.
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | President's can still be impeached as a result of their
         | official acts. It seems that is intended to be the outlet for
         | prosecuting the Executive Branch.
         | 
         | Am I wrong there?
        
           | InTheArena wrote:
           | Nope - and this is a key point. The framers intended there to
           | be a mechanism to hold a president accountable - impeachment.
           | But it is badly formed, and has never been used, even though
           | arguably it should have been in every case it was used in.
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | Also impeachment only removes them from office which is far
             | from a complete punishment. They're still completely free
             | people after impeachment, the only right that's taken away
             | is the ability to be President which is a pretty paltry
             | punishment especially for second term Presidents.
        
             | TeaBrain wrote:
             | There have been impeachment proceedings started against
             | four presidents, all of which would qualify as it being
             | used, even if the presidents weren't successfully
             | impeached. Impeachment proceedings have been completed
             | against 3 presidents and in all cases the senate vote
             | failed to meet the 2/3 supermajority. An impeachment
             | inquiry was also started against Nixon, but he resigned
             | before the house could vote. One could argue that the
             | impeachment inquiry in that case was successful.
             | 
             | The procedure for impeaching federal judges is similar, in
             | that the vote needs first to pass the house, then a
             | supermajority of the senate. In 2009, federal judge Thomas
             | Porteous Jr, was successfully impeached by congress.
             | Congress then also voted to prohibit him from holding
             | future federal office.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | The problem is that impeachment is a political process, not a
           | legal or judicial process. I feel like using the term
           | "prosecuting" to describe an impeachment trial in the Senate
           | is a bit of a misnomer.
           | 
           | Regardless, impeachment is there to remove the president from
           | power. It can't jail or otherwise punish the president. The
           | regular old legal system should be doing that, for everyone,
           | regardless of whether or not they're an elected official.
        
         | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
         | > Could Obama be prosecuted for ordering drone strikes that
         | unintentionally killed two Americans?
         | 
         | How about the one which intentionally killed an American child
         | (16)?
         | 
         | Part of me wouldn't mind seeing that, but, I would have to
         | agree that was an official act, regardless of how despicable it
         | was.
        
         | zzzeek wrote:
         | > It seems like that world would hamstring the president far
         | too much.
         | 
         | except Obama ordered plenty of drone strikes including on
         | American citizens, so actual data suggests he was not
         | "hamstrung" _at all_.
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | Those with the most power should receive the most scrutiny and
         | face the greatest consequences for its misuse.
        
           | 3D30497420 wrote:
           | Agreed. It's not as if becoming president is forced on
           | anyone.
           | 
           | Judging from history, it is a pretty dangerous role as well
           | and that doesn't seem to have dissuaded many people. If there
           | are willing to risk their safety, I'd think the risk of
           | prosecution wouldn't rank too highly either.
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | > Immunity for things they do as part of their official duties.
         | 
         | How would attempting to overturn the results of a free and fair
         | election be considered an "official duty"? If it is, then the
         | Presidency became a dictatorship, leaving impeachment by
         | Congress -- an extremely difficult bar -- the only recourse.
        
           | Muromec wrote:
           | It's only called an attempt if it fails. If it goes through
           | till some point, it's His Royal Highness General Alladin
           | bring order and justice and acting to grant their people all
           | the freedoms they asked for.
           | 
           | Source: I'm from places that had the Supreme Court (of
           | places, not US) overturn an election result due to fraud
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | This was my thought too. The ruling doesn't seem crazy; being
         | legally liable for every single official act would actually
         | make it untenable for the president to do many things a
         | president needs to do without the real fear of prosecution if
         | anything goes wrong. (And things go wrong! All the time!)
         | 
         | But what's an "official act"? I would hope that courts consider
         | that definition very narrowly. Also disallowing juries to see
         | discussion of official acts as evidence for related wrongdoing
         | is disastrous.
         | 
         | Ultimately, though, it won't matter. Trump has effectively
         | managed to delay this particular trial, and much of the
         | remainder of its pre-trial process, until after the election
         | and after the inauguration. I assume if he wins and takes
         | office, he can instruct the DoJ to dismiss the case against
         | him.
         | 
         | The Georgia case can still proceed, regardless of the outcome
         | of the election, but Willis completely screwed that one up with
         | her idiotic romantic decisions.
        
         | tdb7893 wrote:
         | Equating Trump's accusations and drone strikes only makes sense
         | if you're not allowed to look at intent, which historically is
         | _very_ relevant for criminal law. More aptly Nixon would be
         | immune from prosecution for obstructing the Watergate
         | investigation under this ruling. In fact presidents are immune
         | from using the justice department to go after political rivals
         | here since determining prosecutorial priorities is clearly an
         | official act (mentioned in the opinion) and you aren 't allowed
         | to inspect intent. If either party used the justice department
         | specifically for personal gain they should be in jail but they
         | are literally immune now.
         | 
         | The disallowing of considering even corrupt intent seems to be
         | the real worry here. There's no distinction between using your
         | power to promote general welfare and using it to line your own
         | pockets or subvert democracy.
        
       | throw0101b wrote:
       | One summary:
       | 
       | > _In a ruling on the last day before the Supreme Court's summer
       | recess, and just over two months after the oral argument, a
       | majority of the court rejected the D.C. Circuit's reasoning. As
       | an initial matter, Roberts explained in his 43-page ruling,
       | presidents have absolute immunity for their official acts when
       | those acts relate to the core powers granted to them by the
       | Constitution - for example, the power to issue pardons, veto
       | legislation, recognize ambassadors, and make appointments._
       | 
       | > _That absolute immunity does not extend to the president's
       | other official acts, however. In those cases, Roberts reasoned, a
       | president cannot be charged unless, at the very least,
       | prosecutors can show that bringing such charges would not
       | threaten the power and functioning of the executive branch. And
       | there is no immunity for a president's unofficial acts._
       | 
       | [...]
       | 
       | > _In her dissent, which (like Jackson's) notably did not use the
       | traditional "respectfully," Sotomayor contended that Monday's
       | ruling "reshapes the institution of the Presidency." "Whether
       | described as presumptive or absolute," she wrote, "under the
       | majority's rule, a President's use of any official power for any
       | purpose, even the most corrupt, is immune from prosecution. That
       | is just as bad as it sounds, and it is baseless." "With fear for
       | our democracy," she concluded, "I dissent."_
       | 
       | * https://www.scotusblog.com/2024/07/justices-rule-trump-has-s...
        
         | impossiblefork wrote:
         | This summary sounds much more tolerable than my initial
         | reading, and I think what constitutes the discrepancy is the
         | absence of the statement
         | 
         | > In a ruling on the last day before the Supreme Court's summer
         | recess, and just over two months after the oral argument, a
         | majority of the court rejected the D.C. Circuit's reasoning. As
         | an initial matter, Roberts explained in his 43-page ruling,
         | presidents have absolute immunity for their official acts when
         | those acts relate to the core powers granted to them by the
         | Constitution - for example, the power to issue pardons, veto
         | legislation, recognize ambassadors, and make appointments
         | 
         | which I can't find in the linked article, but which is of
         | course in what you've linked to.
         | 
         | In those enumerated things I think the ruling is quite
         | tolerable, but the decision is much broader than that, and this
         | presumptive immunity, etc. becomes quite burdensome.
         | 
         | It's going to be like the state secrets privilege, and that has
         | already allowed people to get away with torture, even people
         | whose identities are well known, and where there is clear,
         | unambiguous evidence that they were involved.
         | 
         | What Roberts says almost makes it sound alright, but it
         | definitely isn't.
        
       | mperham wrote:
       | Would this ruling make Nixon's actions in Watergate legal too?
        
         | dustincoates wrote:
         | > Roberts explained in his 43-page ruling, presidents have
         | absolute immunity for their official acts when those acts
         | relate to the core powers granted to them by the Constitution -
         | for example, the power to issue pardons, veto legislation,
         | recognize ambassadors, and make appointments.
         | 
         | Most likely not. Watergate was a result of an election
         | campaign, not official acts as President.
        
           | jshier wrote:
           | Yeah, Nixon should've ordered his secretary to do it, as all
           | executive communications are now protected against criminal
           | investigation.
        
           | camel_Snake wrote:
           | I'm not so sure about that. From this ruling:
           | 
           | > Testimony or private records of the President or his
           | advisers probing such conduct may not be admitted as evidence
           | at trial.
           | 
           | And the 'smoking gun' implicating Nixon:
           | 
           | > Nixon then released the tapes six days later. On one tape
           | was the so-called "smoking gun," showing that six days after
           | the break-in Nixon had tried to use the CIA to block the FBI
           | investigation of the burglary.
           | 
           | IANAL, but my understanding is under this ruling those tapes
           | would have never been made permissible evidence in court.
           | Giving orders to the CIA is certainly an official act, as
           | much as granting pardons is, and this court has established
           | the examination of said motives is out-of-scope:
           | 
           | > In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts may
           | not inquire into the President's motives. Such a "highly
           | intrusive" inquiry would risk exposing even the most obvious
           | instances of official conduct to judicial examination on the
           | mere allegation of improper purpose. Fitzgerald, 457 U. S.,
           | at 756. Nor may courts deem an action unofficial merely
           | because it allegedly violates a generally applicable law.
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | It would make it illegal to use the tapes as evidence against
         | him. So it doesn't matter if it makes it legal or not, because
         | it makes the illegality impossible to prove in a court of law
         | by denying evidence to the prosecution.
        
           | tuna74 wrote:
           | Could you explain this a bit further?
        
             | DeRock wrote:
             | From the official ruling on https://www.supremecourt.gov/op
             | inions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf:
             | 
             | > (3) Presidents cannot be indicted based on conduct for
             | which they are immune from prosecution. On remand, the
             | District Court must carefully analyze the indictment's
             | remaining allegations to determine whether they too involve
             | conduct for which a President must be im- mune from
             | prosecution. And the parties and the District Court must
             | ensure that sufficient allegations support the indictment's
             | charges without such conduct. Testimony or private records
             | of the President or his advisers probing such conduct may
             | not be admitted as evidence at trial.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | E.v.e.r.y.o.n.e should just go read the decision and
               | dissents. It's not that long or hard to follow. Then
               | probably go read all of the Federalist Papers, if they
               | haven't already, or one of the Constitutional Debate
               | readers that are readily available and may include much
               | of Federalist.
               | 
               | The primary source here is plenty accessible, and free.
               | And alarming.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | > And the prosecutor may admit evidence of what the
               | President allegedly demanded, received, accepted, or
               | agreed to receive or accept in return for being
               | influenced in the performance of the act. See 18 U. S. C.
               | SS201(b)(2). What the prosecutor may not do, however, is
               | admit testimony or private records of the President or
               | his advisers probing the official act itself.
               | 
               | The argument is not that all recordings are off limits,
               | but if the President asks his lawyer "what is a bribe?"
               | that can't be used as evidence he took a bribe.
        
               | gmd63 wrote:
               | All official recordings are off limits. Even in
               | prosecution of "unofficial" actions. Barrett even
               | disagreed with this.
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | "If official conduct for which the President is immune may
             | be scrutinized to help secure his conviction, even on
             | charges that purport to be based only on his unofficial
             | conduct, the "intended effect" of immunity would be
             | defeated."
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | This is not an accurate reading. In the decision, gathering
           | of evidence is not protected by immunity.
           | 
           | People are jumping on language in the decision that says
           | discussions or probings about the criminal nature of the
           | crime would not be admissible.
           | 
           | So Nixon ordering Watergate would still be admissible - Nixon
           | discussing with his legal team or cabinet after Watergate
           | broke would not be.
        
             | tacomonstrous wrote:
             | How would you prove anything if you can't present any of
             | his actual conversations about Watergate as evidence?
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | > And the prosecutor may admit evidence of what the
               | President allegedly demanded, received, accepted, or
               | agreed to receive or accept in return for being
               | influenced in the performance of the act. See 18 U. S. C.
               | SS201(b)(2). What the prosecutor may not do, however, is
               | admit testimony or private records of the President or
               | his advisers probing the official act itself.
               | 
               | The argument is not that all recordings are off limits,
               | but if the President asks his lawyer "what is a bribe?"
               | that can't be used as evidence he took a bribe.
        
               | tacomonstrous wrote:
               | Hard to read this and conclude that there can be any
               | actual way to produce admissible evidence. Can you give
               | me an example of what conversations you can use as
               | evidence if anything involving him or his advisers is off
               | limits?
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | The court uses the language "in the first instance". So
               | it sounds like you can use anything generated by the
               | crime itself, but you can't dredge up other conversations
               | about the crime.
               | 
               | Nixon ordering an illegal action is a crime, and Nixon
               | destroying evidence was definitely a crime, so evidence
               | of either would be game.
        
               | gmd63 wrote:
               | Pressuring an aide, via threats of violence, or whatever,
               | is now blanket immune under this.
               | 
               | You cannot use official communications between a
               | president and his VP for example, as evidence, even in
               | prosecution of an unofficial act that is criminal.
               | 
               | A horrendously stupid, devoid of any logic ruling, so
               | much so that Barrett even disagreed with this part.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | > "... The indictment's allegations that Trump attempted
               | to pressure the Vice President to take particular acts in
               | connection with his role at the certification proceeding
               | thus involve official conduct, and Trump is at least
               | presumptively immune from prosecution for such conduct.
               | 
               | > The question then becomes whether that presumption of
               | immunity is rebutted under the circumstances. It is the
               | Government's burden to rebut the presumption of immunity.
               | The Court therefore remands to the District Court to
               | assess in the first instance whether a prosecution
               | involving Trump's alleged attempts to influence the Vice
               | President's oversight of the certification proceeding
               | would pose any dangers of intrusion on the authority and
               | functions of the Executive Branch."
               | 
               | As per the ruling, Trump does not get blanket immunity
               | with his interactions with Pence. But it is the
               | prosecution's responsibility to now make a case that it
               | was outside of his discretion.
               | 
               | I'm not arguing that this is a clear or useful legal
               | distinction, but Trump only got true "blanket" immunity
               | for the first indictment regarding the abuse of the
               | Justice Department.
        
               | gmd63 wrote:
               | And how, given section III-C of the opinion that Barrett
               | disagreed with, would you present evidence of a threat
               | made during official communications?
        
         | newprint wrote:
         | I'm actually curious about this as well. Would like to hear
         | some opinion.
        
         | citizen_friend wrote:
         | Well you can always impeach a president.
        
           | Miner49er wrote:
           | Well no, technically the president can use the military to
           | stop impeachment. That would be considered an "official act"
           | and they would be immune.
        
             | citizen_friend wrote:
             | I think you're imagining scenarios not supported in any of
             | the written opinions.
        
               | Miner49er wrote:
               | I don't see how.
               | 
               | The President has immunity when acting with powers
               | granted from the Constitution. Commanding the military is
               | one of those powers. The majority opinion also
               | specifically says motives can't be considered. So they
               | are legally immune if they order the military to stop
               | impeachment.
        
       | afavour wrote:
       | I'm dismayed by this ruling but I'm curious: can someone defend
       | it? I'm able to understand the counter-perspectives to my own on
       | many hot-button issues (2nd amendment, abortion bans) but this
       | one seems very nakedly bad. But maybe I'm just not seeing the
       | counterpoint?
        
         | zeroonetwothree wrote:
         | If presidents could be prosecuted for their official acts then
         | the next time the other party takes over they will just
         | immediately find various crimes their predecessor "committed"
         | (there are probably 10s of 1000s of them).
        
           | afavour wrote:
           | But isn't that the status quo? Why didn't that happen when
           | Obama left office? It's not like the Republicans were lacking
           | a desire for retribution against him.
           | 
           | "there are probably 10s of 1000s of them" also feels a little
           | lacking to me. Do we have concrete examples?
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | i think it was just a "gentleman's agreement" to not
             | prosecute former presidents or rivals. I remember in the
             | 2016 debates when Trump said he would appoint a special
             | prosecutor to look into Hillary her eyes got real big about
             | how ignorant Trump was to the way things are and have been.
             | That's one of the downsides to a political outsider a lot
             | of formally unasked questions start needing answers.
        
               | throw0101b wrote:
               | > _i think it was just a "gentleman's agreement" to not
               | prosecute former presidents or rivals._
               | 
               | How many former presidents or rivals tried to prevent the
               | transfer of power?
               | 
               | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-coup
               | 
               | There's a _specific reason_ why Trump is being
               | investigated. We 're not talking about jay-walking here.
               | 
               | And there's also _intent_ with action, using _yet
               | another_ case: Biden had classified documents in his home
               | residence, but he handed them back to the government with
               | minimal fuss. Trump had classified documents and moved
               | them around _even after being subpoenaed_ to return them:
               | 
               | * https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/oct/12/donald-
               | trump...
               | 
               | * https://apnews.com/article/trump-justice-department-
               | indictme...
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | > when Trump said he would appoint a special prosecutor
               | to look into Hillary
               | 
               | As best I can tell, most who voted for him didn't
               | actually believe he would do that - and he didn't. The
               | whole "because you'd be in jail" was Trump being Trump,
               | not a campaign promise.
               | 
               | When Trump says something like that, knowing whether he's
               | in earnest or being bombastic is like knowing what parts
               | of the Bible are literal and what parts are figurative -
               | it's very much open to individual interpretation.
        
             | sickofparadox wrote:
             | I would imagine that Obama is quite happy with his
             | presidential immunity for ordering the extrajudicial
             | killing of an American citizen via drone strike[1].
             | 
             | [1] https://mwi.westpoint.edu/ten-years-after-the-al-
             | awlaki-kill...
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | Yes I'm quite sure Obama is happy with it. Should the
               | rest of us be? Would a court case over the legality of
               | such an action not be a positive thing?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | I mean, is that the out for Biden? A drone strike on Mar-
               | a-Lago as an "official act" for which he enjoys absolute
               | immunity?
        
               | newfriend wrote:
               | If he wants a civil war, sure.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Obviously, but we're to believe it'd be entirely legal to
               | do so?
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | No, because of the use of the military within the borders
               | of the country is separately and explicitly illegal under
               | US law.
        
               | gaganyaan wrote:
               | But now that doesn't matter. The president is immune as
               | long as there's the defense of it being an official act
        
               | friend_and_foe wrote:
               | 3. 3 american citizens. He ordered operations that killed
               | both that guys kids also, the latter of which was carried
               | out in the first month of Trump's presidency. They were
               | 12 and 8. Both were supposedly accidents.
        
             | throw0101b wrote:
             | > _Why didn 't that happen when Obama left office?_
             | 
             | What illegal acts did Obama do, while POTUS, yet outside of
             | his 'official duties', what would warrant prosecution?
             | 
             | Remember the context for this decision: Trump's
             | participation in the events of January 6:
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6_United_States_Cap
             | ito...
             | 
             | You know, the insurrection in which people have been found
             | guilty of seditious action:
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_proceedings_in_the
             | _Ja...
             | 
             | Were his January 6 actions part of his official duties?
        
               | shadowtree wrote:
               | He droned and killed a US citizen without due process.
               | Literal murder.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Based on other comments, that was unintentional. So
               | manslaughter, at worst.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | Obama killed 4 Americans in drone attacks. 3
               | unintentionally, but Anwar Awlaki was targeted.
        
             | lupusreal wrote:
             | Obama didn't prosecute Bush, so the Republicans didn't try
             | to prosecute Obama. Professional courtesy.
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | If presidents break the law, they _should_ be prosecuted. I
           | don 't care who you are or what party you're with.
        
             | readthenotes1 wrote:
             | First, I agree . Second, the first step in that is the
             | impeachment process.
        
               | jkaplowitz wrote:
               | Impeachment is not required in order to allow prosecuting
               | a president, and even Chief Justice's majority opinion
               | which granted presidents significant immunity explicitly
               | rejected the idea that impeachment is such a
               | prerequisite.
               | 
               | Impeachment is only a prerequisite to the Senate possibly
               | convicting in the political rather than criminal trial
               | and removing the person from office, and then possibly
               | disqualifying them from future federal office. It has no
               | bearing on whatever criminal procedures are not blocked
               | by immunity.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | It is super-duper clear that's not intended by the
               | authors of the constitution, judging from their writings
               | and the records of the debate over the constitution, and
               | from the very limited relevant text in the constitution
               | itself.
               | 
               | This is laid out clearly in the dissent, complete with
               | references for further reading. Meanwhile the majority's
               | argument is "lack of immunity (which has, so far, not
               | existed!!!) would make the president too timid, so we're
               | adding immunity".
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Yup, all the originalists and textualists on the court
               | running and hiding when the outcome benefits their
               | person. Instead it's just "Well, we like trump so let's
               | benefit him".
               | 
               | What a horrible corrupt court.
               | 
               | I'm 1000% sure that if trump wins and starts prosecuting
               | his political rivals the court will give it the nod as
               | being AOK.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | The supreme court ruled against Trump many times during
               | his first term. Census rules, immigration, 2020 election
               | lawsuits. Reality doesn't match your perception.
        
               | claytongulick wrote:
               | > Meanwhile the majority's argument is "lack of immunity
               | (which has, so far, not existed!!!) would make the
               | president too timid, so we're adding immunity".
               | 
               | It has existed, it just hasn't been tested. The supreme
               | court didn't "grant" immunity, they interpreted the
               | Constitution to come to the conclusion that immunity
               | _already exists_.
               | 
               | And the reason that it's happening _now_ is because no
               | political party has been willing to escalate political
               | differences with presidential candidates to the point of
               | criminal charges before.
               | 
               | That's changed recently, hence the need for the ruling.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Prosecuting attempts to overturn an election isn't
               | prosecution over "political differences".
               | 
               | > they interpreted the Constitution to come to the
               | conclusion that immunity already exists.
               | 
               | The constitution saying nothing about immunity except
               | that it _is not_ conferred to someone who has been
               | impeached, no, they did not interpret the constitution.
               | 
               | [edit] specifically, it's this bit:
               | 
               | > Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend
               | further than to removal from Office, and disqualification
               | to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit
               | under the United States: but the Party convicted shall
               | nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial,
               | Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
               | 
               | That is: impeachment can't impose punishments aside from
               | removal & disqualification, but that ought not be taken
               | to mean that _further_ prosecution for the same acts may
               | not be undertaken. That's all it says on the matter. They
               | relied on the Federalists stating in the Federalist
               | Papers and elsewhere that they wanted a fairly active
               | President to conclude the President needs immunity.
               | Meanwhile the Federalists also wrote that the President
               | ought not be above the law, as that's what separates our
               | system from monarchy, but that's inconvenient so you have
               | to keep reading to the dissent to see that presented.
        
               | zarzavat wrote:
               | Indeed. The US constitution envisages impeachment by
               | Congress as the first step to a criminal conviction.
               | 
               | Trump was acquitted by the Senate for his conduct on Jan
               | 6. It's OK to disagree with the acquittal but it did in
               | fact happen.
               | 
               | Ultimately it's really hard to design a constitution that
               | is effective in opposing half of the population. You
               | can't solve mass social issues with laws.
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | The impeachment process only applies to a sitting
               | president. Once they're out of office, the threat
               | provided by an impeachment is gone.
               | 
               | More specifically, the role of the house impeachment and
               | senate hearing is removal someone from office. That's it.
               | There's no potential for punitive action (fines, jail,
               | etc).
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > The impeachment process only applies to a sitting
               | president. Once they're out of office, the threat
               | provided by an impeachment is gone.
               | 
               | > More specifically, the role of the house impeachment
               | and senate hearing is removal someone from office. That's
               | it. There's no potential for punitive action (fines,
               | jail, etc).
               | 
               | Judgement in impeachment can extend to "disqualification
               | to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit
               | under the United States" [1]
               | 
               | But, judgement in impeachment is political, and if you
               | could get enough votes to impeach a former President in
               | order to disqualify them from running again, it seems
               | pretty unlikely that they'd be able to get nominated and
               | elected in a future election; so it's not a big threat
               | IMHO; at least assuming a two-thirds majority is required
               | to remove, then a majority to disqualify.
               | 
               | The constitution is not clear that removal from office
               | and disqualification are linked, although in practice,
               | disqualification has happened only after a removal, and
               | the Senate has determined simple majority for removal is
               | sufficient. [2] So, it might be possible to do a
               | disqualification as a simple majority, without a removal.
               | 
               | [1] https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/articl
               | e-1/#ar...
               | 
               | [2] https://law.justia.com/constitution/us/article-2/49-j
               | udgment...
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | > the first step in that is the impeachment process
               | 
               | Only, the requirement of a supermajority means that a
               | minority can prevent a president from being convicted of
               | blatantly criminal acts. This system is demonstrably weak
               | against corruption, to which the USSC has given its full-
               | throated approval.
        
               | mrkeen wrote:
               | I think this was tried somewhat recently. The counter-
               | argument was "actually let's not impeach. Let's just wait
               | for the next election and see what the voters think.
               | Voting is the real impeachment."
        
               | trealira wrote:
               | Impeachment is a means for the elected officials of
               | Congress to remove a sitting president from office. It
               | doesn't begin a prosecution, and it doesn't have to be
               | for anything illegal. Suggesting impeachment is there to
               | sidestep the president's immunity is not reassuring. It's
               | like if CEOs were under presumptive immunity, and the
               | first step to prosecution were to vote to remove the
               | sitting CEO.
        
             | jjk166 wrote:
             | The issue is that presidents can be prosecuted even if they
             | likely didn't break the law. It would be possible to just
             | keep throwing bullshit charges at a former president either
             | until one sticks or until their resources to fight off an
             | unending string of legal battles is exhausted. It does make
             | sense that the bar to prosecute someone should be higher
             | when they are particularly likely to be the subject of
             | malicious prosecution and the fear of such would interfere
             | with them carrying out their duties.
             | 
             | The issue is that blanket immunity for official acts is not
             | just raising the bar, it's launching it into orbit. Not
             | only can a president not be prosecuted for questionable
             | decisions or on scant evidence, they can not be prosecuted
             | when their crimes are heinous and obvious so long as it is
             | plausibly within their domain.
        
               | mminer237 wrote:
               | You can still prosecute someone for whatever the
               | prosecutor wants. This doesn't change that. If someone is
               | acting in bad faith, they can do so regardless of the
               | law.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | The prosecutor can still begin a prosecution, but now it
               | will be dismissed pretty much immediately unless there is
               | good reason to believe that the action was not an
               | official act.
        
               | mrkeen wrote:
               | > It would be possible to just keep throwing bullshit
               | charges at a former president either until one sticks or
               | until their resources to fight off an unending string of
               | legal battles is exhausted.
               | 
               | I can't make up my mind if this is "movie plot threat" or
               | not. Has it happened to other important figures before?
               | 
               | And can the prosecution be punished for this kind of
               | behaviour?
               | 
               | Then again, I guess if you can shop around for
               | (politically-appointed) judges, it wouldn't be too hard
               | to find a judge to indulge some bullshit prosecution.
        
               | user_7832 wrote:
               | > I can't make up my mind if this is "movie plot threat"
               | or not. Has it happened to other important figures
               | before?
               | 
               | SLAPP-suits do exist, but they're generally against poor
               | folks who can't a long legal process rather than richer
               | individuals.
        
               | vharuck wrote:
               | >The issue is that presidents can be prosecuted even if
               | they likely didn't break the law. It would be possible to
               | just keep throwing bullshit charges at a former president
               | either until one sticks or until their resources to fight
               | off an unending string of legal battles is exhausted.
               | 
               | I have no problem choosing between the chance there will
               | be a President who abuses immense power over everyone in
               | the nation with no real accountability, and the chance a
               | slew of people (prosecutors, investigators, judges) will
               | act maliciously and repeatedly to persecute a single
               | person. Does SCOTUS really fear that federal Judges like
               | them can't recognize malicious and baseless indictments?
        
           | jshier wrote:
           | Corrupt admins will already do that, so giving blanket
           | immunity doesn't actually help anyone. All they need to then
           | corruptly prosecute anyone is a court to agree that some act
           | was "unofficial".
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | It has never happened before now. It isn't because past
             | presidents have never been criminals, it was convention.
             | It's a way for your country not to turn into Haiti or
             | Zimbabwe.
        
               | jkaplowitz wrote:
               | Nixon was very probably criminal, but Ford's pardon
               | prevented a prosecution without having to settle the
               | question of whether Nixon would have been immune in the
               | absence of a pardon.
        
           | ApolloFortyNine wrote:
           | People forget that Obama actually did some questionable
           | things too. He greenlit drone strikes that killed at least 2
           | Americans, not to mention civilian casualties. And he was the
           | president that the 'holding camps' at the border (not sure
           | what to call them) were started.
           | 
           | No one (that I know of) seriously thought he should go to
           | prison for those acts, but honestly the argument seems pretty
           | easy to be made without some sort of immunity.
        
           | vlovich123 wrote:
           | They could be prosecuted, but prosecutors generally don't
           | like to bring losing cases. And the actions being official
           | acts was already a defense. The distinction was that you
           | could still get prosecuted, but you just had to show a non
           | corrupt intent in doing the action and get the case easily
           | dismissed. Now you don't even need to show that you had non
           | corrupt intent - just claim official acts and no lawsuit is
           | possible in the first place.
        
           | pacifika wrote:
           | I guess you need some new parties
        
           | digging wrote:
           | Not if there was a grace period before prosecution could be
           | brought, or literally any other mechanism that exists between
           | the binary "impossible to prosecute" and "guaranteed to
           | prosecute"
        
           | inpdx wrote:
           | "If presidents could be prosecuted for their official acts"
           | 
           | This has always been presumed to be the case yet it has never
           | resulted in what you say. It's a nonsense theoretical as
           | cover for what is otherwise utterly indefensible as making
           | the president king.
        
           | HaZeust wrote:
           | This wasn't even a problem before the last 4 years, and the
           | only times it were - was when the suspecting president agreed
           | they broke the law and stepped down, or got impeached.
           | 
           | We have monarchy after monarchy to show that sovereign
           | immunity builds toxic ontological relationships between
           | participants of a political system, and often invites
           | tyranny. Your suspicions, for 238 years straight, have been
           | amiss.
        
             | electrondood wrote:
             | This hasn't been a problem for 250 years, and it's still
             | not a problem anyone has.
             | 
             | This ruling serves one specific purpose: to protect one
             | single person from the consequences of their crimes.
        
               | HaZeust wrote:
               | We are in agreement.
        
         | dustincoates wrote:
         | Sure. You want a President to be able to carry out the roles of
         | the office without concern that his or her political opponents
         | will use the courts to try to punish those actions. There are
         | reasonable disagreements on where Presidential authority begins
         | or ends on many topics, and you want the limits to be either
         | through separation of powers (e.g., the Judicial Branch can
         | bring an end to actions, the Legislative can impeach and remove
         | the President) or through the ballot box.
         | 
         | This does not mean, including from the majority opinion, that
         | anything the President does is immune from challenges. If the
         | President directs a cover-up for his campaign (Nixon) or
         | directs a Governor to find enough ballots for him to win or
         | directs "alternate electors" via fraud (Trump), this is not an
         | official action. Trump's lawyers admitted as much in the oral
         | arguments.
        
           | afavour wrote:
           | > Sure. You want a President to be able to carry out the
           | roles of the office without concern that his or her political
           | opponents will use the courts to try to punish those actions.
           | 
           | Hrm. Surely the implication you're outlining here is that the
           | President will be breaking the law while carrying out "the
           | roles of the office"? Is that not a concern?
        
             | dustincoates wrote:
             | The next sentence addresses that--there are reasonable
             | disagreements to the extent that some actions are legal or
             | not.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | Why is a court the wrong place to settle those
               | disagreements? That is to say, why is it preferable for a
               | President to face the possibility of impeachment by
               | Congress over a jury of everyday citizens? Seems
               | considerably easier to rig the former than the latter.
        
               | dustincoates wrote:
               | Let's take Biden's student loan forgiveness as an
               | example. Some say that he overstepped his authority.
               | 
               | The courts should decide if that act is legally
               | permitted, but it would be a tough pull to think that he
               | should be personally responsible for that, including
               | potential jail time.
               | 
               | Now egregious cases that fall outside of the reasonable
               | expectations of the role of the President. Sure, those
               | should go to the courts. But I don't think this case
               | prevents that. Most of what Trump did after the election,
               | IMO, was clearly as a candidate, not a President.
        
               | steadfastbeef wrote:
               | Because the people are stupid?
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | Why do we even let them vote at all? Hello, slippery
               | slope.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | Yeah but your argument ignores the fact that this all has
               | to be hashed out after the fact. Before this ruling,
               | presidents could ask counsel if something was legal or
               | not (ex: there are tapes of Trump doing this during his
               | attempt to steal the election) and they could answer
               | based on statutes and case law. Now the answer always has
               | to be "depends on what judge we get, there are no
               | precedents". Jackson makes this argument in her dissent,
               | and I think she's right that this is a sea change in the
               | relationship between the US and its president.
        
           | mlinhares wrote:
           | The court never defined what are or aren't official acts and
           | it should be straight forward for the president to say that
           | spying on his enemies, that are also the enemies of the
           | state/government, is an official act, as they are protecting
           | the constitution from those that would do it harm.
           | 
           | Presidents are effectively kings now, won't be long until one
           | declares himself one for good.
        
             | blue_dragon wrote:
             | > it should be straight forward for the president to say
             | that spying on his enemies, that are also the enemies of
             | the state/government, is an official act
             | 
             | This would be challenged in court by the victims of the
             | President's spying, and the court would ultimately decide
             | whether or not the spying constituted an "official act".
        
               | CapcomGo wrote:
               | So now the process is to wait years to see if something a
               | president does is technically an 'official act' or not.
               | Seems like there should have been a better way to solve
               | this.
        
           | lesuorac wrote:
           | W.r.t. SCOTUS's ruling, you'd claim the main problem is that
           | "Both the District Court and the D. C. Circuit declined to
           | decide whether the indicted conduct involved official acts.".
           | If the lower courts had claimed the conduct wasn't official
           | when they denied the motion to dismiss then SCOTUS wouldn't
           | have vacated the lower rulings?
        
           | denton-scratch wrote:
           | > You want a President to be able to carry out the roles of
           | the office without concern that his or her political
           | opponents will use the courts to try to punish those actions.
           | 
           | Why?
           | 
           | In the UK we of course have no president; all government
           | actions can be subjected to judicial review, whichever
           | minister was in charge. Judicial review is a civil procedure,
           | not a criminal one. All the court can do is order the
           | government to reverse the unlawful decision, and make good
           | its consequences.
        
             | Maxatar wrote:
             | The UK parliament is not subject to judicial review.
             | Judicial review in the UK only applies to crown
             | corporations or specific public institutions. Such a
             | position would be considered repulsive to the vast majority
             | of Americans.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | > You want a President to be able to carry out the roles of
           | the office without concern that his or her political
           | opponents will use the courts to try to punish those actions.
           | 
           | No, we do not. That's the whole point of the checks and
           | balances. If his political opponents are able to prove their
           | case before the courts, showing that the president broke the
           | law, then they should be able to.
        
             | claytongulick wrote:
             | Are you willing to see Biden go to jail because an activist
             | DA in TX used an obscure law that no one had ever been
             | prosecuted under, in a 90+% "red" venue, with a complicit
             | judge and jury?
             | 
             | This ruling is meant to protect the office from precisely
             | these types of politically motivated attacks.
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | Better than the alternative. I would imagine that such a
               | case would be appealed anyway (just as Trump has appealed
               | his cases).
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | > Are you willing to see Biden go to jail because an
               | activist DA in TX used an obscure law that no one had
               | ever been prosecuted under, in a 90+% "red" venue, with a
               | complicit judge and jury?
               | 
               | This has always been possible ( _Nixon v. Fitzgerald_ )
               | but has never happened. Choose whatever reason you want:
               | any amount of decency, any sense of shame, low odds of
               | winning, likelihood of terrible retribution from
               | generally good people.
        
               | HaZeust wrote:
               | Sure. One-off's of loose checks and balances are better
               | than codified law(s) and ruling(s) that we don't have any
               | at all.
        
               | Hikikomori wrote:
               | Bribing a porn star to keep quiet about your extramarital
               | sex and breaking accounting/campaign financing laws by
               | trying to disguise the payments before you are president
               | should be considered an official act by the president?
               | Weird argument to make.
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | Except doesn't the "can't enter things into evidence" clause
           | of the ruling mean that bringing the prosecution against
           | Nixon would never have had a snowball's hell in chance of
           | being argued and won?
        
             | ethbr1 wrote:
             | I'm curious how that one gets interpreted in subsequent
             | lower court (and Supreme Court) opinions.
             | 
             | It feels like once an act is to be classified as
             | unofficial, then evidence of same cannot be covered,
             | regardless of whether it's personal or not.
             | 
             | So maybe whittled down to "You can't go on an investigation
             | of the President's personal/private documents because you
             | have a _suspicion_ of an unofficial act. " Which feels more
             | like the Supreme Court's intent.
        
           | camgunz wrote:
           | > Trump's lawyers admitted as much in the oral arguments.
           | 
           | Trump's counsel did admit this, but the opinion contains no
           | such carve out. It says "he is entitled to at least
           | presumptive immunity from prosecution for all his official
           | acts" and declines to define what separates an official from
           | an unofficial act, leaving it up to courts on a case-by-case
           | basis. The dissent--rightly--points out that this is way more
           | than Trump asked for:
           | 
           | > Inherent in Trump's Impeachment Judgment Clause argument is
           | the idea that a former President who was impeached in the
           | House and convicted in the Senate for crimes involving his
           | official acts could then be prosecuted in court for those
           | acts. See Brief for Petitioner 22 ("The Founders thus adopted
           | a carefully balanced approach that permits the criminal
           | prosecution of a former President for his official acts, but
           | only if that President is first impeached by the House and
           | convicted by the Senate"). By extinguishing that path to
           | overcoming immunity, however nonsensical it might be, the
           | majority arrives at an official- acts immunity even more
           | expansive than the one Trump argued for. On the majority's
           | view (but not Trump's), a former President whose abuse of
           | power was so egregious and so offensive even to members of
           | his own party that he was impeached in the House and
           | convicted in the Senate still would be entitled to "at least
           | presumptive" criminal immunity for those acts.
        
         | ninininino wrote:
         | I believe the argument conservatives have been trying to make
         | that aligns with the court's ruling is mostly about some very
         | specific fear that an incoming or current president could
         | prosecute former presidents and therefore crush dissent.
         | 
         | So basically you have the right scared of former presidents
         | being unjustly targeted in a way that threatens the democratic
         | process, and then you have the left scared that the immunity
         | will itself threaten the democratic process/enable dictators
         | and corruption. Unjust use of prosecution as a political weapon
         | vs just plain corruption being shielded.
         | 
         | It sure seems to me like it would be better if these matters
         | could be handled on a case by case basis rather than in some
         | black and white "former presidents can" vs "former presidents
         | can't" be prosecuted way, but perhaps that is what will end up
         | happening, not a legal expert.
        
           | dustincoates wrote:
           | > if these matters could be handled on a case by case basis
           | rather than in some black and white "former presidents can"
           | vs "former presidents can't" be prosecuted way
           | 
           | That's largely what's happening here. The President _can_ be
           | prosecuted for things that fall outside of the official role
           | as President. This is not a blanket immunity.
        
             | haswell wrote:
             | Defining what is considered "official" and more
             | importantly, what is absolutely _not_ official is now at
             | issue and where things get sticky.
             | 
             | Certainly a president carrying out actions that call for
             | prosecution would make the claim that those actions were
             | either official or required to carry out the official
             | duties of the office.
             | 
             | Any hope of justice now depends entirely on being able to
             | draw that line and agree about where it's drawn.
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | This is the same loophole applied to qualified immunity in
             | general. On the surface, it appears like there's criteria
             | to consider, but such criteria cannot possibly exist.
             | 
             | It's like saying, "Bribery is only illegal if it is called
             | bribery during the commission of the crime. But also, The
             | State cannot investigate what was discussed during such
             | events without evidence that a crime was committed." They
             | are basically establishing legal paradoxes.
        
         | dagmx wrote:
         | I can't defend the ruling based on the actual effects, because
         | it puts someone above the law.
         | 
         | However one could argue that this is the logical extension of
         | qualified immunity for police officers which is precedent the
         | court has already set.
         | 
         | To be clear though, I think qualified immunity of any sort
         | shouldn't be allowed. It's a subversion of any kind of fair
         | justice.
        
           | cushpush wrote:
           | Diplomatic Immunity
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | The office of the President has always been above many laws.
           | 
           | The redress has been assumed to be federal elections.
           | 
           | If the President were to abuse the law (to the extent he
           | could with the power of the executive branch), then he would
           | be voted out of office in (max) 4 years.
        
             | czl wrote:
             | > then he would be voted out of office in (max) 4 years.
             | 
             | Assuming the abuse of power does not prevent this.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | This is like qualified immunity (usually for police), but
         | applied to POTUS.
         | 
         | You want public servants to be able to do their jobs without
         | fear of time-wasting litigation.
         | 
         | But, if you grant blanket immunity, the poilice (or POTUS) are
         | free to do whatever they want.
         | 
         | We're quite clearly tilted way over into "do what they want"
         | territory.
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | I think that's the argument, yes. I think it's facially a bad
           | one when you consider all the examples of functional police
           | that lack QI. Makes me skeptical that it's a good faith
           | argument.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | 100% agree.
             | 
             | AFAIK, QI no longer exists in England (not sure about
             | Scotland or N.I.). And Germany never had it (civil cases
             | for damages would be against the state, not the state
             | representative).
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | > civil cases for damages would be against the state, not
               | the state representative
               | 
               | Isn't that the same as QI?
        
           | Clubber wrote:
           | I believe qualified immunity only protects from direct civil
           | litigation but not criminal.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | Yep, it's a rough analogy, not a perfect match.
             | 
             | And, given the state of policing and justice in the US,
             | civil litigation is often the only way to get any relief
             | for over-zealous policing. And QI makes that bar even
             | higher than it should be.
        
             | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
             | Find me a DA that will routinely prosecute crooked cops.
             | They don't exist because the gangs close ranks and protest
             | by refusing to their job. When other state employees
             | protest they get beaten and forced back to work.
             | 
             | Interesting.
        
         | mlinhares wrote:
         | A common thing in empires is that the behavior that was
         | perpetrated in the colonies eventually comes back to the
         | mainland to be applied to the, previously, sheltered
         | population.
         | 
         | Out of the US, US presidents have always had effective immunity
         | from any consequences, committing war crimes, disrespecting
         | local laws and eschewing even the UN. Kinda like an expected
         | consequence of everything else.
        
         | pyuser583 wrote:
         | Sure.
         | 
         | The Founders envisioned an extremely weak criminal justice
         | system, especially for "their class of people." Defendants were
         | given extremely strong protections, and convictions were the
         | exception, not the rule.
         | 
         | The Founders were more concerned about facing a duel than a
         | criminal conviction.
         | 
         | So they added other mechanisms for presidential accountability:
         | impeachment, elections, and the weakness of the office.
         | 
         | These other mechanisms have become weaker and weaker, while the
         | criminal justice system has become stronger and stronger.
         | 
         | Impeachment's happen, but not Senate convictions. The political
         | parties have created a duopoloy on power which allow them to
         | run weak candidates. Congress is less and less willing to hold
         | presidents of their own party accountable. Dueling is
         | prohibited not just criminally, but constitionally in most
         | states.
         | 
         | At the same time the criminal justice system is becoming more
         | and more powerful. Convictions are in the high 90%. Juries are
         | very weak and at the mercy of powerful prosecutors.
         | 
         | The Constitution simply didn't envision a situation where the
         | criminal justice system is more likley to hold someone
         | accountable than an election or Congress.
         | 
         | Impeachment, elections, and duels no longer deter bad conduct.
         | Convictions do.
         | 
         | So we have an edge case: a system that can only hold an ex-
         | President accountable via a criminal charge.
         | 
         | Edge cases are weird. They create "sometimes it works and
         | sometimes it doesn't" situations. And that's where we are now.
        
           | chadash wrote:
           | _> Convictions are in the high 90%. Juries are very weak and
           | at the mercy of powerful prosecutors._
           | 
           | This is a bit misleading. DAs have latitude about what to
           | prosecute and if they don't think they can win, they dont
           | have to bring it to court.
        
             | BobaFloutist wrote:
             | And even if they do think they can _probably_ win, they 'll
             | usually leverage that into a plea deal.
        
           | glial wrote:
           | > The Founders were more concerned about facing a duel than a
           | criminal conviction.
           | 
           | This is because "their class of people" were an honor-based
           | society, in which reputation was the currency of power, and
           | people with honor were expected to prioritize the national
           | interests above their own. That is no longer the case.
           | 
           | In other words, there _hasn 't_ been a duel. So there should
           | be another enforcement mechanism for making Presidents
           | prioritize the nation above themselves that actually works.
        
             | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
             | A combination of meaningful threat to life, assets, family
             | or freedom is what the duel accomplished. With the courts
             | packed by unqualified partisan hacks it seems we're facing
             | an unprecedented danger to democracy and the American
             | experiment.
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | This is an excellent point. Under the current 'history and
           | tradition' doctrine of the Supreme Court the moment in the
           | debate last week where Biden challenged Trump to a round of
           | golf on condition he carry his own bag should be treated as a
           | challenge to a duel. That is after all how the founders would
           | have settled this sort of matter.
        
           | qarl wrote:
           | > Convictions are in the high 90%. Juries are very weak and
           | at the mercy of powerful prosecutors.
           | 
           | If that were true then defendants would waive their right to
           | a jury trial. They don't.
           | 
           | The conviction rate is high because prosecutors don't bring
           | weak cases.
        
             | czl wrote:
             | That and juries are not informed they have a right to judge
             | not just the defendant but also the fairness of the laws
             | involved. Indeed anyone that mentions or admits this is
             | removed from juries.
        
           | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
           | >The Constitution simply didn't envision a situation where
           | the criminal justice system is more likley to hold someone
           | accountable than an election or Congress
           | 
           | The constitution didn't envision a sprawling legal services
           | market to secure the freedom of criminals despite
           | overwhelming evidence while poor people are enslaved like
           | cattle in a nakedly classist and racist exercise of state
           | power to maintain class divisions that afford the empowered
           | unearned wealth power and privilege by virtue of birth.
           | 
           | Speaking of trends here-exceptions occur and get held up as
           | some gotcha that only further betrays ignorance of the system
           | and actually represents the calculated tokenization of the
           | oppressed to act as a shield to scrutiny.
        
           | slongfield wrote:
           | For what it's worth, conviction rates are not in the high
           | 90%s.
           | 
           | The DOJ has a high conviction rate, at 93%, but Federal cases
           | are the minority of cases in the USA. Most cases are state-
           | level, and the conviction rates vary pretty significantly
           | (E.g., California has a conviction rate of ~65% for property
           | crime Table 6 of
           | https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/lr-2019-JC-
           | disposition-o... )
        
         | MagicMoonlight wrote:
         | You have a whole congress and senate to hold them accountable.
         | If they haven't, then why should a random prosecutor in a city
         | court be able to issue an arrest warrant and prosecute the
         | leader of the country?
         | 
         | Without immunity you'll get the kind of shit they've done with
         | trump, but against sitting presidents. Imagine if Obama had
         | been arrested every time he entered Texas because the locals
         | just feel like prosecuting him to send a message.
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | It's worth reading the actual ruling rather than the reporting
         | on it, which is downright awful.
        
           | squidbeak wrote:
           | Here's a sample of Sotomayor's dissent:
           | 
           | > The President of the United States is the most powerful
           | person in the country, and possibly the world. When he uses
           | his official powers in any way, under the majority's
           | reasoning, he now will be insulated from criminal
           | prosecution. Orders the Navy's Seal Team 6 to assassinate a
           | political rival? Immune. Organizes a military coup to hold
           | onto power? Immune. Takes a bribe in exchange for a pardon?
           | Immune. Immune, immune, immune.
           | 
           | > Let the President violate the law, let him exploit the
           | trappings of his office for personal gain, let him use his
           | official power for evil ends. Because if he knew that he may
           | one day face liability for breaking the law, he might not be
           | as bold and fearless as we would like him to be. That is the
           | majority's message today.
        
             | danielmarkbruce wrote:
             | Yep, and it's speculation at best. She's making statements
             | she knows to be nonsense - like, those assume the court
             | will find _anything_ to be an official act, which is
             | nonsensical.
             | 
             | Read the whole thing rather than the hot takes.
             | 
             | https://prod-i.a.dj.com/public/resources/documents/SCOTUSTR
             | U...
        
               | fzeroracer wrote:
               | Do you really want this kind of thing to be _speculated_
               | to be possible? The court should be putting the squash on
               | this kind of thing full stop, not giving any wriggle room
               | at all. The fact that you have to argue that a supreme
               | court justice is speculating on the downstream effects of
               | a monstrous decision should tell you something is _very_
               | wrong. Step back and think for one second.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | It's been speculated on for ages. Humans tend to deal
               | with things as they come up. The entire system is built
               | that way. We don't write legislation that deals with
               | every single possibility, we deal with it in the courts
               | as it happens. It seems to basically work.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | Well, to be fair, the first two examples she uses are
               | very likely official acts and the third requires an
               | official act to be bribery in the first place.
        
               | bobsomers wrote:
               | I don't think it is, to be honest. All three of those
               | examples are clearly official acts. The President is
               | commander-in-chief of the military, and is also
               | responsible for granting pardons. The key piece of the
               | ruling which lends credibility to her examples is that
               | any motive or details behind the official acts are immune
               | from scrutiny.
               | 
               | The only real difference is whether the acts are official
               | or not. So the President is allowed to order the military
               | to assassinate a political rival, but not to pay a
               | private hitman to do so.
               | 
               | It's a pretty ridiculous and indefensible stance from the
               | majority opinion.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | They are not clearly official acts. It's going to be
               | years of decisions and debate to define official acts.
               | 
               | As an example, the fact he's in charge of the military
               | doesn't make everything he asks them to do official
               | because he is obliged to follow the constitution. There
               | are arguments to make against what I just said. It's as
               | clear as mud once you start going through concrete
               | scenarios.
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | This is as the Imperial Supreme Court wants it, so that
               | it will come back to them every time an important
               | decision needs to be made. This enhances their power and
               | ability to shape events. Murkier is better.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | It also makes it easier for partisan rulings on a case-
               | by-case basis. If defendant is on your team: allow it, if
               | not, issue a self-contained ruling (or don't pick up the
               | case at all if lower courts ruled against them).
               | 
               | We have front-row seats to how empires decline and fade
               | away. I guess those who missed the 20th century decline
               | of the British Empire (culminating in Brexit) can study
               | this one.
        
               | denton-scratch wrote:
               | > like, those assume the court will find anything to be
               | an official act, which is nonsensical.
               | 
               | But the Supremes haven't said what they think an official
               | act is; that's a matter for the court of first instance,
               | according to the Supremes.
               | 
               | To me, in the UK, it looks like vandalism. There's no
               | clear law on what constitutes an official presidential
               | act, and until there is, the Pres is beyond the reach of
               | the law.
               | 
               | I don't think these very senior lawyers are fools, I
               | don't think they made a mistake. They've deliberately
               | fucked-up the US legal system (even more than it's
               | already a mess).
        
             | bbddg wrote:
             | A president who is willing to do those things, and has a
             | military willing to carry those orders out, isn't likely to
             | be stopped by the court telling them it's illegal.
        
               | mandmandam wrote:
               | Bad logic.
               | 
               | Is someone more or less likely to perform such an act if
               | there's a possibility of legal consequences? If not, then
               | we don't really need courts at all, do we?
        
               | kibwen wrote:
               | The fact that the courts have explicitly legalized these
               | blatantly criminal acts is what gives the military the
               | cover and the imperative to dutifully carry them out.
        
             | mrcwinn wrote:
             | Serious question: how is assassination an official act?
             | Asked another way, under what constitutional authority is
             | the president charged with assassinating political leaders
             | inside the United States?
             | 
             | I'm not saying a president couldn't try. I can imagine
             | that. I cannot understand how it would be an official act.
             | If the president runs out of Kleenex and opts for toilet
             | paper instead, that is not an official act merely because
             | he is president.
        
               | ensignavenger wrote:
               | If Lincoln had a Seal Team Six, and ordered said team to
               | take out Jefferson Davis, would Lincoln have been open to
               | prosecution, or immune as he had been undertaking an
               | official act as commander in chief?
        
               | electrondood wrote:
               | That's the problem. The ruling provides no guidance
               | whatsoever, so as long as a President can make the case,
               | it's an official act.
        
         | coffeemug wrote:
         | Yes. Ever since Bill Clinton (and probably before that, I was
         | too young) the President and a non-trivial number of
         | presidential candidates were either under an investigation of
         | some sort, or a threat of such an investigation. Obviously
         | Bill, Hillary, constant threats of investigation of George W
         | Bush and Obama, special counsel investigating Biden, and all
         | the Trump cases. Notably nothing ever comes out of these.
         | 
         | This is ridiculous! It's blatantly political and both parties
         | are guilty of this. The justice system is meant to hold people
         | accountable for breaking the law, not as an additional
         | political mechanism for checks and balances. I haven't looked
         | into the case and don't know the legal precedent SCOTUS used
         | for this decision, but from a consequentialist standpoint this
         | seems to me an obviously good outcome.
        
           | jauntywundrkind wrote:
           | Yeah but the Republicans keep doing war crimes & the
           | Democrats... Got a blow job? Passed Romneycare/Obamacare? One
           | of these sets of prosecution is not like the others.
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | Clinton was charged with lying under oath, obstruction of
             | justice, and abuse of power. The first and second charges
             | were approved while the third was rejected. He was only
             | found guilty of the obstruction charge.
             | 
             | The behavior of Ken Starr in this case was abhorrent. In my
             | eyes, there was a degree of witness intimidation going on
             | in this case.
             | 
             | Ironically, this SCOTUS ruling would have blocked Clinton's
             | impeachment because Ken Starr was an Independent Counsel,
             | which SCOTUS ruled cannot be used in such matters.
        
             | ImJamal wrote:
             | Are you seriously suggesting that Democrats don't commit
             | war crimes?
             | 
             | You should probably look up Obama's track record on this.
             | Killing Americans without due process, torture, killing
             | civilians, etc. Not to mention other crimes like the
             | massive amount of spying on Americans. Don't forget Snowden
             | revealed all his stuff during Obama's reign and those
             | crimes were still ongoing.
        
           | electrondood wrote:
           | See, the difference is politically-motivated investigations
           | YIELD NO CRIMES WHEN NO CRIME WAS COMMITTED.
           | 
           | Today's ruling is a solution to a problem that no one has
           | actually had for the last 250 years, and which no one
           | currently has.
        
         | ahmeneeroe-v2 wrote:
         | Do you mean beyond what's written in the decision itself? Do
         | you have a specific criticism of what was written by the
         | justices themselves?
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | The ruling says that 3 of the 4 indictments against Trump can
         | proceed so long as prosecutors make a case that the President
         | was acting outside of his duties.
         | 
         | A president being incompetent or immoral in his line of duty is
         | an issue for voters or congress to decide on. But a White House
         | bogged down in lawsuits or petty criminal charges would cease
         | to function.
        
           | nprateem wrote:
           | Which they can't because official duties haven't been
           | defined.
           | 
           | Trump can now continually appeal his actions were official,
           | delaying charges until after November when, if he wins the
           | election, he can instruct the DoJ to drop the case.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | > Unlike Trump's alleged interactions with the Justice
             | Department, this alleged conduct cannot be neatly
             | categorized as falling within a particular Presidential
             | function. The necessary analysis is instead fact specific,
             | requiring assessment of numerous alleged interactions with
             | a wide variety of state officials and private persons. And
             | the parties' brief comments at oral argument indicate that
             | they starkly disagree on the characterization of these
             | allegations. The concerns we noted at the outset--the
             | expedition of this case, the lack of factual analysis by
             | the lower courts, and the absence of pertinent briefing by
             | the parties--thus become more prominent. We accordingly
             | remand to the District Court to determine in the first
             | instance--with the benefit of briefing we lack--whether
             | Trump's conduct in this area qualifies as official or
             | unofficial.
             | 
             | The majority opinion is pretty clear that of the
             | indictments, 3 have pretty good grounds to proceed.
        
           | riskable wrote:
           | If a president assassinates his political rivals I don't
           | think you can say it's, "an issue for voters or congress to
           | decide on." That would be impossible, since anyone the voters
           | wanted to replace the sitting executive or his allies would
           | just be arrested or murdered outright (as an official act, no
           | less!).
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | I don't think anyone in the ruling outside of Sotomayor
             | implies that murdering political rivals would fall under an
             | official duty of the president as outlined in the
             | constitution.
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | I disagree, since a good many people seem ready to accept
               | that Trump trying to overturn the results of a free and
               | fair election (which in my book is pretty much on par
               | with murdering political rivals since the point of
               | murdering a rival is so that they don't get elected), is
               | an "official duty".
        
               | alluro2 wrote:
               | Would the court also need to carefully consider and rule
               | on whether arresting or murdering a disagreeing judge is
               | an "official act" by the President?
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | Probably not. Arresting disagreeing judges would be a
               | violation of due process, as is murdering US citizens
               | without a trial.
               | 
               | At least that was the tentative conclusion last time this
               | was brought up: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree
               | /2013/feb/22/obama-...
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | Impeachment is the intended vehicle for presidential
         | punishment.
        
           | riskable wrote:
           | That's irrelevant since the SCOTUS ruling is all about what
           | happens _after_ a president is no longer president.
           | 
           | Impeachment only applies to a sitting president. Not one who
           | is no longer in office.
        
           | alluro2 wrote:
           | Oh yeah, Trump was really severely punished by being
           | impeached twice.
        
         | GreedIsGood wrote:
         | Prosecutors have wide ranging discretion, our laws are complex
         | and subject to a tremendous amount of interpretation.
         | 
         | Without protection the executive would be at the mercy of the
         | judicial branch. This is clearly an inversion of power.
         | 
         | Perhaps the solution is clean out our legal system wholesale so
         | that it is obvious to all involved whether an action or set of
         | actions could not result in prosecution in the future. Such an
         | action was not within the power of the supreme court.
        
         | marcell wrote:
         | Generally the way to hold a president accountable is to impeach
         | him and remove him from office.
         | 
         | Under this ruling, the court system is generally _not_ a way to
         | keep him accountable.
         | 
         | So it's not that there is no accountability or way to "punish",
         | a rogue president, it's just a different method of
         | accountability than what applies to you and me.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | This does put the President above the law.
           | 
           | Congress can choose to impeach, but they are not doing so
           | based on the laws of the land, but based on their own
           | determination (whether it is in their best interest for that
           | President to be gone or not), which (unsurprisingly) is split
           | along political lines (which is why it's so hard to actually
           | impeach the president).
           | 
           | Therefore impeachment is not a means to hold a President
           | accountable for illegal or anti-democratic actions, but
           | rather it is a means for a united Congress to have some power
           | over the President in the event he managed to piss off enough
           | people from both parties.
        
           | kristjansson wrote:
           | > Generally the way to hold a president accountable is to
           | impeach him and remove him from office.
           | 
           | Impeachment is a political solution to political
           | disagreements. This opinion makes most disagreements with
           | 'official acts' a political question, to be settled by
           | election or impeachment.
           | 
           | Critically (and thankfully) it rejects outright the idea that
           | impeachment is the _only_ mechanism restraining a president.
           | Criminal liability is still a viable mechanism for holding a
           | president responsible for all unofficial acts, and
           | potentially for some official acts.
        
         | throwadobe wrote:
         | Everyone seems to be calling this "blanket immunity" but that's
         | not right. It's immunity for official acts which are the
         | prerogative of the president. Basically the president is
         | allowed to do all presidential things without having to worry
         | about whether it will be deemed illegal.
         | 
         | This doesn't mean that the president cannot be tried for some
         | illegal act that was not their official duty. Murdering
         | someone, for example.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | Ordering the murder of someone is their official duty as
           | commander in chief of the military. The only thing they have
           | to do is say they feel that a person was a threat to national
           | security.
        
             | WillPostForFood wrote:
             | Given your example, under this decision, the President
             | could be charged, and the courts would have to decide
             | whether it was an official act. Was it the murder of their
             | mistress? Then obviously not official. Was it the murder of
             | a terrorist planning an attack? Probably official. Is there
             | some grey area in the middle that will really hard to
             | decide? Probably. This was a moderate decision that defers
             | making broad rules and lets courts decide on a case by case
             | basis.
        
               | jnsquire wrote:
               | The courts were explicitly _not_ allowed to take account
               | of presidential motivation when determining whether the
               | act was official or not.
        
               | czl wrote:
               | > Was it the murder of their mistress? Then obviously not
               | official.
               | 
               | Why obviously? If mistress is causing "harm" to other
               | official actions would it not be official duty to prevent
               | this harm? You and I may not buy such a defence but a
               | sympathetic audience of allies?
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | What about the turncoat operative of a foreign government
               | who just so happens to be a political rival?
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | If you order your military to murder someone, does it become
           | an official act?
        
             | shadowtree wrote:
             | Obama droned a US citizen without due process, zero
             | consequences.
             | 
             | Nothing new.
        
           | inpdx wrote:
           | Anything can be made an official act. That's why this is
           | unfathomably bad.
        
             | treeFall wrote:
             | Only if you believe that words have no meaning. If you're
             | already at that place in your mind, anything is possible
             | regardless.
        
               | tcmart14 wrote:
               | The problem isn't them. We just not too long ago have a
               | court case that questioned whether the President is
               | considered an "officer of the United States." The
               | unfortunate part of law is, half of law is arguing about
               | what 'is' is.
               | 
               | So its not necessarily that words don't have meaning. Its
               | more of, the words can change meaning.
        
               | electrondood wrote:
               | Not only that, but this same court removed the
               | constitutional right to an abortion because it wasn't
               | enumerated in the Constitution. Now, they completely
               | invent criminal immunity out of thin air (which btw was
               | never necessary in the last 250 years until we had a
               | criminal president), when the intent of the drafters to
               | never elevate any person above the law was crystal clear.
               | 
               | The Roberts court is just arbitrarily choosing whatever
               | justification they happen to like for any given case to
               | push an extremist agenda.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Not quite. If you've been following federalists you'll
               | see they're rewriting and redefining whatever they need
               | to in order to achieve their ends.
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | A majority on the supreme court seem willing to bend
               | reasonable definitions backward to get whatever they
               | want. Second amendment 'right' to (non-militia) personal
               | firearms for example.
        
           | cogman10 wrote:
           | What about overthrowing the government? Because that's the
           | "offical" act of the president with today's ruling.
           | 
           | Further, it should be noted that the lower court already did
           | exactly what the supreme court remanded back to them. They
           | said "we don't know what sorts of immunity are granted to a
           | president, but if there is any they are not granted, it's
           | overturning an election as is accused in this specific case".
           | 
           | The supreme court took up this case specifically to help
           | donald trump and because they couldn't challenge the ruling
           | given they made up their own facts to give the ruling they
           | wanted to give.
        
           | mixologic wrote:
           | If by "Everyone" you mean at least one of the sitting supreme
           | court justices. What is considered "official duty" is not
           | clearly defined, and will certainly be twisted to include
           | things that seem like they obviously shouldnt be considered
           | "official".
           | 
           | But if a president claims that a surgical strike to eliminate
           | an "enemy of the country" was within their prerogative, then
           | yes, a president can murder somebody without fear of
           | consequences.
        
             | hughesjj wrote:
             | They also specifically called out any dealings with the
             | justice department as being legal (like what was going on
             | with comey way back when)
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | This is the biggest impact of this opinion IMO. The
               | president can do basically any supervisory action within
               | the executive branch for any reason without risk of
               | criminal liability. His ability to direct federal
               | agencies is only limited by the supply of palatable
               | lackeys.
        
             | ethbr1 wrote:
             | With regards to (b)(ii)(3), i.e. Trump's attempt to
             | influence non-federal officials to select fake electors...
             | 
             | >> _On Trump's view, the alleged conduct qualifies as
             | official because it was undertaken to ensure the integrity
             | and proper administration of the federal election. As the
             | Government sees it, however, Trump can point to no
             | plausible source of authority enabling the President to
             | take such actions. Determining whose characterization may
             | be correct, and with respect to which conduct, requires a
             | fact-specific analysis of the indictment's extensive and
             | interrelated allegations. The Court accordingly remands to
             | the District Court to determine in the first instance
             | whether Trump's conduct in this area qualifies as official
             | or unofficial. Pp. 24-28._
             | 
             | Which seems a key window for the lower court to send the
             | case back up.                  Trump attempted to influence
             | non-federal election officials.             Trump had no
             | Presidential authority to do so. (Elections being run by
             | the states)             Ergo, that was not an official act.
             | 
             | Granted, the special counsel would have to prove that
             | without using the Presidential personal notes... but it's
             | still a pretty clear path given the non-Presidential
             | documentation all the conspirators kept.
             | 
             | And it does make sense by the Supreme Court's reasoning:
             | you can't restrict the President from running the executive
             | branch, but you can hold him accountable for the things he
             | does outside of the executive branch, which critically
             | includes elections themselves.
        
               | weaksauce wrote:
               | > but it's still a pretty clear path given the non-
               | Presidential documentation all the conspirators kept.
               | 
               | it's my understanding that they can't use testimony or
               | notes from advisors et. al. which is troubling since they
               | are or can be the co-conspirators.
               | 
               | > Presidents cannot be indicted based on conduct for
               | which they are immune from prosecution. On remand, the
               | District Court must carefully analyze the indictment's
               | remaining allegations to determine whether they too
               | involve conduct for which a President must be immune from
               | prosecution. And the parties and the District Court must
               | ensure that sufficient allegations support the
               | indictment's charges without such conduct. *Testimony or
               | private records of the President or his advisers probing
               | such conduct may not be admitted as evidence at trial.*
        
           | tcmart14 wrote:
           | Which seems reasonable on its face, but it faces another
           | issue. Now, what defines an 'official' act as president. And
           | how loose do we want to play with those terms. If we want to
           | play slippery slope, which is what the court seems to like to
           | do, then something that should be illegal but can be deemed
           | an official act is a President ordering the military to keep
           | voters out of voting locations because they have a 'tip off'
           | from someone in national security that a potential terrorist
           | attack may or may not happen at voting locations. Right, we
           | can end up in a situation where the president can find any
           | loose way to justify anything they do.
           | 
           | That is where probably the blanket immunity comes into play.
           | Its not definitionally blanket immunity, but it might as well
           | functionally be blanket immunity.
        
             | gunapologist99 wrote:
             | The Court said what defines an 'official' act was up to
             | lower courts to decide, which seems eminently reasonable.
        
           | HaZeust wrote:
           | It is not de jure blanket immunity, but when terminologies
           | like "official acts" aren't clearly defined, and have an
           | innate bias for slippery-sloping - given the nature of the
           | President's office - it becomes de-facto blanket immunity.
           | 
           | It doesn't invoke sovereign immunity through a loud roar, but
           | from an understood nod.
        
           | kristjansson wrote:
           | That's not quite it. There's absolute ('blanket') immunity
           | for acts that exclusively reserved for the president (vetos,
           | pardons, etc.). There's presumptive immunity for other
           | 'official acts', but that doesn't preclude the possibility
           | that some official acts could be deemed or made illegal.
           | There's no immunity for unofficial acts, but there's a pretty
           | fine needle to thread in to determine an action is unofficial
           | (if it's not 'palpably' so).
        
             | czl wrote:
             | Say a president builds up an "official" retirement fund for
             | himself (and friends) by holding a "pardon auction" with
             | top bidding few dozen criminals being released each year
             | during a presidential term. Is this an "official" action
             | covered by this immunity ruling? Their justification could
             | be it keeps taxes lower, etc.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | The counterpoint is both obvious and obviously correct. Assume
         | we accept that the President has immunity for whatever
         | constitutes official conduct (which this decision does not get
         | into). Presidents have fixed terms, so unless ex-presidents
         | have immunity, they can be prosecuted for anything they do in
         | office, including their official duties. That would make it
         | difficult for the president to take action while in office.
         | 
         | Can we prosecute Obama for ordering drone strikes on U.S.
         | citizens? Can we prosecute Bush for the Iraq war? Can we
         | prosecute Biden in a few months for deaths caused by his border
         | policies?
         | 
         | Also, this is just how immunity works! Judges have immunity for
         | their judicial conduct in office, and don't lose it when they
         | retire. When the GOP wins a trifecta next year, can they
         | prosecute retired liberal justices for homicide for abortion
         | rulings?
        
       | throwup238 wrote:
       | Sotomayor's dissent ends:
       | 
       |  _> Never in the history of our Republic has a President had
       | reason to believe that he would be immune from criminal
       | prosecution if he used the trappings of his office to violate the
       | criminal law. Moving forward, however, all former Presidents will
       | be cloaked in such immunity. If the occupant of that office
       | misuses official power for personal gain, the criminal law that
       | the rest of us must abide will not provide a backstop._
       | 
       |  _> With fear for our democracy, I dissent._
       | 
       | Chilling words.
        
         | windows2020 wrote:
         | I don't understand the personal gain part. How is that official
         | capacity?
        
           | tgma wrote:
           | The criminal act is in official capacity. The benefit is
           | personal.
        
           | vundercind wrote:
           | The majority specifies some ways this may apply that very
           | much make all kinds of things directly shielded by this
           | ruling, and indirectly shields more by restricting the use of
           | evidence that has to do with official acts.
           | 
           | The way they've set this up, the _people_ involved have a lot
           | to do with it. It sure looks like the President can now
           | openly discuss corruption like selling secrets or pardons
           | with e.g. relevant cabinet members, and none of that can be
           | prosecuted, nor can it be _evidence presented in_ a
           | prosecution of crimes.
           | 
           | The immunity granted is insanely broad.
        
             | Matticus_Rex wrote:
             | The wording is definitely not clear enough in that section,
             | however I don't think this is the intended reading (and I'm
             | hoping we get clarification on this) -- the pardon would be
             | an official act, but according to footnote 3 the sale of
             | the pardon and discussions about that would not be included
             | in the bar on evidence of the official act, because they're
             | not considered part of that official act. It seems (with
             | the footnotes considered) to be a very narrow
             | interpretation of "official act," which does seem to
             | contradict the plain reading. Very annoying.
        
           | ta_1138 wrote:
           | Let's imagine that a president decides to, say, stop aiding
           | Ukraine, and in exchange, Putin promises said president a
           | couple billion dollars.
           | 
           | Stopping aid to Ukraine is definitely an official act, which,
           | on its own, is within their powers. Trading said official
           | action for the billion dollars is what is fraudulent, but if
           | I am understanding the Roberts opinion correctly, it cannot
           | be prosecuted, because the motives of the president should
           | not be used as part of the ruling of immunity. So... free
           | bribery, as long as said president pays their taxes.
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | Because it involves an official act, like a pardon. Sell
           | pardons for dollars? Immune!
        
         | squidbeak wrote:
         | It clears the way for Presidents from either party to carry out
         | abuses they wouldn't have dared consider otherwise. All they'll
         | need to do is find or make an angle that qualifies it as an
         | official act.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | > All they'll need to do is find or make an angle...
           | 
           | that's not anything new though, Obama's drone strikes weren't
           | ordered until his lawyers felt they had a very good defense
           | for him in case he was charged with assassinating US citizens
           | without due process.
        
         | citizen_friend wrote:
         | Is she forgetting that impeachment exists?
         | 
         | Why is sottomayor the only justice drawing this conclusion?
        
       | grecy wrote:
       | "Never in the history of our Republic has a President had reason
       | to believe that he would be immune from criminal prosecution if
       | he used the trappings of his office to violate the criminal law.
       | Moving forward, however, all former Presidents will be cloaked in
       | such immunity, If the occupant of that office misuses official
       | power for personal gain, the criminal law that the rest of us
       | must abide will not provide a backstop.
       | 
       | With fear for our democracy, I dissent."
       | 
       | and
       | 
       | "Let the President violate the law, let him exploit the trappings
       | of his office for personal gain, let him use his official power
       | for evil ends. Because if he knew that he may one day face
       | liability for breaking the law, he might not be as bold and
       | fearless as we would like him to be. That is the majority's
       | message today. Even if these nightmare scenarios never play out,
       | and I pray they never do, the damage has been done. The
       | relationship between the President and the people he serves has
       | shifted irrevocably. In every use of official power, the
       | President is now a king above the law." "Orders the Navy's Seal
       | Team 6 to assassinate a political rival? Immune. Organizes a
       | military coup to hold onto power? Immune. Takes a bribe in
       | exchange for a pardon? Immune. Immune, immune, immune."
       | 
       | - Justice Sotomayor
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | A president can still be impeached and removed, they may not
         | "serve their debt to society" but the harm can be stopped by
         | the states.
        
           | TylerE wrote:
           | Impeachment is fundamentally broken.
        
           | talldayo wrote:
           | > but the harm can be stopped by the states.
           | 
           | If we refuse to recognize that harm under the current Rule of
           | Law, then who is going to identify and prosecute "harm"
           | besides politically motivated ideologues? It sounds like a
           | surefire way to cement the separation of the Executive office
           | from it's respective checks and balances.
        
           | tolmasky wrote:
           | It seems like perhaps that power has been considerably
           | weakened if the President is literally allowed to assassinate
           | political rivals (as is mentioned in the dissent). You might
           | vote not to impeach in fear, similar to jury intimidation.
           | Hell, why even wait, what's to prevent a President from going
           | for it before the vote even happens? I find it hard to
           | believe that this was meant to be a component of the
           | impeachment process by the founders. To make it more
           | exciting, I guess?
        
           | incogitomode wrote:
           | Once they are impeached they would presumably be subject to
           | criminal prosecution under the Impeachment Judgements Clause
           | [1] which states:
           | 
           | "but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and
           | subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment,
           | according to Law."
           | 
           | I don't think this ruling is, on the surface, exactly what
           | people are making it out to be. It certainly maintains a high
           | bar for criminally prosecuting the president for something
           | they do in office, but it is not allowing them to commit
           | crimes with impunity.
           | 
           | 1: https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-1/section
           | -3....
        
             | Miner49er wrote:
             | > but it is not allowing them to commit crimes with
             | impunity
             | 
             | Well it kind of does, because the president has the power
             | to stop impeachment from ever happening in the first place,
             | if they're willing to command the military to.
        
           | jasonjayr wrote:
           | With the speed at which the impeachment and removal can take,
           | with this new interpretation, it seems significant and
           | lasting damage take take place before anything could be done.
        
       | tailspin2019 wrote:
       | I'm not an expert in this area by any means but it feels like
       | there should be a "motive" angle to this rather just than blanket
       | immunity.
       | 
       | The same actions committed by two different presidents could vary
       | hugely in their motive - one might be legitimately concerned
       | about voter fraud and the other trying to interfere maliciously
       | with election results.
       | 
       | Admittedly the bar would be high to prove malicious intent (eg.
       | acting out of self interest rather than in the interests of the
       | office/country) but that still seems better than just saying that
       | a given action, regardless of motive, is covered by immunity.
        
         | enragedcacti wrote:
         | The decision actually explicitly bars courts from using motive:
         | 
         | > In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts may not
         | inquire into the President's motives
        
           | atmavatar wrote:
           | I wonder how long before we get presidents selling pardons.
        
             | bonzini wrote:
             | That assumes that it hasn't happened already.
             | 
             | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/05/17/giuliani
             | -...
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | That's basically what happened when President Clinton
             | pardoned major donor Marc Rich as one of his last official
             | acts. Ultimately the only protection against this is for
             | voters to reject candidates who lack personal integrity.
        
       | pessimizer wrote:
       | At least with this one they've rescued us from doing national
       | politics like a banana republic. You can't arrest Presidents for
       | doing things they had the total latitude to do as Presidents. We
       | can't have the courts deciding whether Presidents had good or
       | illegitimate reasons for any arbitrary decision that they made
       | during their presidency. It's madness.
       | 
       | If a president took a bribe for a position, prosecute him for
       | taking a bribe (if it's not a _gratuity_ , because Congress has
       | declared tipping politicians legal.) But if he could have made
       | the same decision because he liked someone's tie - it's nothing
       | but second guessing, by a likely hostile later administration.
       | 
       | These people appoint all their campaign staff and big donors to
       | government jobs. If that's legal, then any reason for anything
       | they do which is left up to their discretion is legal. If it's
       | not legal, have Congress make it not legal.
       | 
       | -----
       | 
       | edit: gaganyaan, you are wrong. If you think that the entire
       | point is that a president cannot be prosecuted for taking a
       | bribe, you should reevaluate your understanding of the entire
       | point.
       | 
       | > Under Monday's decision, a former president could be prosecuted
       | for accepting a bribe, but prosecutors could not mention the
       | official act, the appointment, in their case.
       | 
       | > Justice Amy Coney Barrett, who joined the rest of Roberts'
       | opinion, parted company on this point. "The Constitution does not
       | require blinding juries to the circumstances surrounding conduct
       | for which Presidents can be held liable," Barrett wrote.
        
         | gaganyaan wrote:
         | You're missing the entire point. Now the president can't be
         | prosecuted for taking a bribe, even if he publicly declares
         | that's the reason for doing so.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | > Now the president can't be prosecuted for taking a bribe
           | 
           | they can still be impeached and removed from office for
           | basically any reason whatsoever. Maybe the won't goto jail
           | but their presidency would be over.
        
             | Xelynega wrote:
             | How well did that work previously?
        
             | fzeroracer wrote:
             | Y'know, the president has very convenient authority for
             | just this kind of thing. Something about drones and
             | strikes? Would be a shame if when people tried to impeach
             | the president he exercised his qualified immunity to
             | convince them that it's a Bad Idea.
        
         | zerocrates wrote:
         | Barrett's partial concurrence is nice and all but it's just
         | that. Even where she did not join the majority it carried five
         | votes.
         | 
         | It's telling that even such a minor "to be sure" as hers
         | couldn't carry enough support to actually be in the opinion.
        
         | pelorat wrote:
         | > We can't have the courts deciding whether Presidents had good
         | or illegitimate reasons for any arbitrary decision that they
         | made during their presidency.
         | 
         | Why not. The vice president exists for a reason? Here in
         | Europe, in the entirety of Europe, if a president or prime
         | minister commits a crime, they will be prosecuted. If we can do
         | it, why can't the USA?
         | 
         | After all, no one is above the law.
         | 
         | If anything, the more power you have, the more scrutiny you
         | should be under.
        
       | alsaaro wrote:
       | Curious how an ostensibly "conservative" court can ignore the
       | concept of enumerated powers, the constitution clearly does not
       | grant immunity to the President, so the conservative court
       | invents immunity when none is explicitly granted.
       | 
       | Indeed, the concept of immunity is recognized in the American
       | constitution for legislators in a limited way, so this isn't an
       | oversight by the framers corrected by Robert's conservative
       | majority, rather the lack of immunity for the executive is a
       | feature and not a bug of our constitution, and all republican
       | forms of government.
       | 
       | Ironically the American president now has more power than the
       | King of England, George the III, at the time of the American
       | independence. King George had to follow the laws of Parliament,
       | as did all Kings of England since the passage of Magna Carta some
       | 500+ years prior.
       | 
       | As of today our President no longer has to obey the Constitution
       | or the law so long as the act is deemed "official" by the
       | conservative majority.
        
         | spacephysics wrote:
         | Unfortunately presidents on both sides have used executive
         | order as a way to bypass the process.
         | 
         | Combined with Chevron doctrine precedent, agencies could enact
         | what the executive branch wanted if the standard quo process
         | failed
        
           | mmcgaha wrote:
           | Good thing the the courts just reigned in the powers that
           | federal agencies claimed via the chevron doctrine.
           | https://www.scotusblog.com/2024/06/supreme-court-strikes-
           | dow...
        
         | vundercind wrote:
         | They also cite the Federalist Papers in comically-vague support
         | of their ruling, while the dissent cites the Federalist Papers
         | right back to note that the founders had executive immunity
         | _very much_ on their minds and left it out of the constitution
         | _extremely on-purpose_ because they regarded subjecting the
         | President to the same law as everyone else to be key difference
         | between the system they were setting up, and monarchy.
        
         | Matticus_Rex wrote:
         | > Curious how an ostensibly "conservative" court can ignore the
         | concept of enumerated powers, the constitution clearly does not
         | grant immunity to the President, so the conservative court
         | invents immunity when none is explicitly granted.
         | 
         | Roberts' opinion covers this, as do many discussions of
         | textualist interpretations -- not being set out in the text
         | specifically doesn't mean that it doesn't exist, for textualist
         | interpretations. Roberts' example is separation of powers.
         | There's no "separation of powers clause," but the concept is
         | pretty clearly set out in the text anyway. They say the same is
         | true for immunity for public acts, and they provide reasoning.
         | I disagree with some of the reasoning, but there are much more
         | tenuous things read into the Constitution by the Supreme Court
         | than this one.
         | 
         | And if the Constitution includes immunity for public acts, so
         | much the worse for the Constitution!
        
           | o11c wrote:
           | That's not really a coherent stance though, given how many
           | "protect the constitution" laws they keep overturning in the
           | name of "it's not actually written in the constitution".
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | Because _they 're not conservative_. They are radical
         | reactionaries, to use the word that Moldbug himself coined.
         | Essentially Republicans got tired of things changing despite
         | their conservatism, got angry, and now it's not enough to slow
         | change - they want to _rewind us_ to the values of the 1980 's
         | or even the 1950's. This perspective is why they refer to any
         | post-y2k mainstream social values as "activism".
         | 
         | The Democrats have now become the conservative party. Both in
         | the abstract of wanting slow cautious change, and in the
         | concrete principles that have long been held as conservativism
         | - belief in American institutions, strong foreign policy to
         | spread those institutions, the rule of law, and now even
         | _fiscal responsibility_ with having led the pull up from ZIRP!
        
           | spencerflem wrote:
           | This was downvoted at the time of this comment. Shame on the
           | Republicans in this thread that I have my fellow programmers
           | to blame for the fall of american democracy
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | It's like nobody can take criticism these days, probably
             | because they're overwhelmed by the amount they see.
             | 
             | I went back and forth whether to include a paragraph about
             | how this swapping also explains the dynamics around things
             | like DEI training, but decided against it so I wouldn't be
             | getting it from both sides. Things were more pleasant when
             | most people got this energy out watching football.
        
             | bigstrat2003 wrote:
             | As it should be. If someone is going to make a broad claim
             | about an entire political party - be that Republicans or
             | Democrats - they need to show the evidence. You don't get
             | to make sweeping negative statements about large chunks of
             | the country without backing it up.
        
         | pavon wrote:
         | To a large extent this immunity is inherent in the enumerated
         | powers. Consider this general case: The Constitution enumerates
         | specific powers to the executive branch, and hence President.
         | Congress passes a law that makes those same actions illegal if
         | performed by a normal citizen. If this law applied to the
         | President, then that would mean that Congress could nullify the
         | enumerated powers granted to the Executive, making those
         | enumerated powers meaningless. So it makes perfect
         | constitutional sense that actions performed by the President as
         | part of his job that that are within his enumerated powers
         | cannot be made illegal by Congress.
         | 
         | That core concept of immunity is pretty solid and essential, it
         | is the details that are problematic, in particular the fact
         | that the courts have interpreted "official" acts so broadly in
         | the past in cases of qualified immunity makes one worried they
         | will do the same here.
        
       | lapcat wrote:
       | > Could Obama be prosecuted for ordering drone strikes that
       | unintentionally killed two Americans? It seems like that world
       | would hamstring the president far too much.
       | 
       | The President shouldn't have the legal authority to conduct any
       | drone strikes without a declaration of war from Congress. We've
       | been ignoring the Constitution for a very long time.
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | There is the 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force that
         | a lot of the expanded War on Terror activity are nominally
         | authorized under according to the Executive. Challenging that
         | is up to Congress as afaik there's no standing for a random
         | person to sue.
        
           | BobaFloutist wrote:
           | And Congress notably passed the dang thing and has pointedly
           | refused to come back and limit it or curtail the admittedly
           | expansive interpretations subsequent presidents have made of
           | it, so I very much doubt they're going to ding a given
           | president _now_.
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | Correct there's been several attempts to revoke or limit
             | the 2001 AUMF and Congress has decided not to each time.
             | It's pretty clear what is being done under the auspices of
             | it too so failing to address the interpretation becomes a
             | tacit endorsement at least at the institutional level.
             | Personally I think it's been stretched to breaking but the
             | fix is pretty simple and up to Congress.
        
         | margalabargala wrote:
         | > The President shouldn't have the legal authority to conduct
         | any drone strikes without a declaration of war from Congress.
         | We've been ignoring the Constitution for a very long time.
         | 
         | What part of the Constitution are we ignoring?
         | 
         | According to the Constitution, the President is the Commander
         | in Chief of the armed forces. The Constitution does not say
         | that war must be declared for the armed forces to operate.
         | Thus, ordering a drone strike without Congress' input would
         | seem well within the scope of the President's powers.
        
           | saghm wrote:
           | > What part of the Constitution are we ignoring?
           | 
           | There are a number of amendments that could be pretty
           | reasonable argued to give citizens the right not to get
           | killed by drone strikes.
        
             | golergka wrote:
             | Killed or targeted? There's a huge difference between
             | ordering a drone strike on said citizens and ordering
             | strike on legitimate military target that said citizens
             | just happen to be in a vicinity of.
        
               | bergen wrote:
               | Is there? One is actively killing citizens the other is
               | still a reckless disregard for human life in general.
        
               | jachee wrote:
               | Why are actions being taken against military targets
               | outside of a declaration of war?
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | Is there a difference? Legally? Both would be official
               | acts, right?
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | In the case in question, the former.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki
        
               | saghm wrote:
               | Can you give an example of a time when a "legitimate
               | military target" needed to be killed so immediately that
               | a unilateral presidential decision that also killed
               | nearby citizens was warranted? My presumption is that
               | there are very few circumstances where the threat of a
               | military target is so immediate that killing nearby
               | innocent civilians is justified over waiting to try to
               | find a better time to attack the target. If anything,
               | immediate threats that require action are generally
               | threats to the nearby innocent civilians themselves,
               | which would make such decisive action not particularly
               | useful; I don't think anyone would suggest something like
               | blowing up a bank where people are being held hostage,
               | which seems like the closest hypothetical I can think of.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | One might question how that standard applies to what
               | Israel is doing in Gaza.
        
               | saghm wrote:
               | I would argue that the US law would not allow the
               | president to order strikes like those that have occurred
               | in Gaza on US citizens, but of course IANAL. I don't have
               | any knowledge of what Israeli law allows or doesn't allow
               | though.
               | 
               | It's also worth noting that what someone thinks is legal
               | is not necessarily what someone thinks _should_ be legal;
               | I imagine that almost everyone here has at least some
               | laws that they disagree with, but that's separate from
               | the question of whether the law exists or not.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | If the US continues to ship them large amounts of foreign
               | aid, aren't we at least a little bit complicit?
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | A typical modern conflict has ratio of 9 civilian
               | casualties to 1 combatant (per UN), whereas current war
               | in Gaza has them 1 to 1.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | Enemies are not static they can react to our policies. If
               | our policies are never to kill anyone who is near a
               | civilian, enemies would just always be near civilians.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | Citizens, sure. That's a much weaker claim than what the
             | parent said, which is "The President should not be able to
             | conduct drone strikes without an act of Congress".
             | 
             | Drone striking (or otherwise killing) citizens without due
             | process seems unconstitutional. Drone striking foreign
             | targets does not have those constitutional protections.
        
           | hartator wrote:
           | > The Constitution does not say that war must be declared for
           | the armed forces to operate.
           | 
           | It does. Armed forces killing people is a state of war. If
           | not, it's policing then it's under the judiciary authority,
           | not the president.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Huh? Federal law enforcement falls under the executive
             | branch, not judicial. Have you even read the Constitution?
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | Federal (and state, and local) law enforcement are not
               | empowered to kill. Their job is to bring defendants to
               | trial, where the judicial system determines innocence or
               | guilt and then determines the sentence.
               | 
               | If they were, the whole cop-killers, BLM, excessive use
               | of force issue would not be an issue. The law would just
               | say "Okay, a cop killed someone, that's their job, get
               | over it." You can argue that the criminal justice system
               | is too light on cops, but the fact that the criminal
               | justice system is even involved means that killing people
               | is not part of a cop's official job duties.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Qualified immunity is used as a defense in a lot of these
               | cases.
               | 
               | Practically speaking, law enforcement does have broad
               | authority to kill people. So long as that death falls
               | under the training guidelines written by the department,
               | then it's unlikely the officer in question will face any
               | punishment.
               | 
               | Now, killing a person might be seen as a violation of
               | their civil rights, entitling their estate to
               | compensation for the death. But that's a punishment for
               | the state, not the individuals involved.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | That's muddling nouns a bit.
               | 
               | Law enforcement _individuals_ have extremely limited
               | authority to kill people, exclusively(?) based on self-
               | defense.
               | 
               | The law enforcement _system_ has the right to authorize
               | the killing of people but is subject to judicial review.
               | 
               | Ergo, if a law enforcement individual breaks guidelines
               | and kills someone, they're charged.
               | 
               | If a law enforcement individual follows guidelines and
               | kills someone, then the system is charged. (E.g.
               | state/federal lawsuits, consent decrees, etc)
        
             | OgsyedIE wrote:
             | Art. 1 sec. 8 does not say that and no other part of the
             | U.S. constitution mentions war.
        
             | psunavy03 wrote:
             | > Armed forces killing people is a state of war.
             | 
             | Real life is rarely this black and white.
        
               | clob wrote:
               | Which is why we invented laws and legal systems to codify
               | such things.
               | 
               | Did you commit a crime, yes/no? Let's bring it to trial.
               | 
               | The circumstances are messy in all real world instances,
               | but the outcome is binary.
               | 
               | Refusing to even put a president on trial is _more_ black
               | and white, because it 's a clear "no, not illegal"
               | without even discussion.
        
               | davidmurdoch wrote:
               | Courts don't even decide yes/no. Maybe is an outcome. We
               | don't know is also an outcome.
        
               | grotorea wrote:
               | Doubly so since almost everyone stopped bothering to
               | declare war after WW2.
        
             | BobaFloutist wrote:
             | >If not, it's policing then it's under the judiciary
             | authority, not the president.
             | 
             | Wait, what? Executive branch pretty explicitly encompasses
             | enforcement. The Justice Department is part of the
             | Executive branch.
             | 
             | Unless by "Judiciary authority" you meant the Justice
             | Department, and not the Judiciary branch of the federal
             | government, and by "not the president" you were very
             | specifically discussing the semi-independence the Justice
             | department has from the president.
        
             | janalsncm wrote:
             | Congress has the power to declare war. But Congress has
             | also passed the War Powers Act which states the President
             | can use the military for short periods of time. Are you
             | claiming the War Powers Act is unconstitutional?
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | The War Powers Act is exactly the type of law that the
               | Supreme Court has been going after. Bills that give power
               | that was meant for one branch of government to a
               | different branch, or abrogating that power.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | The problem with SCOTUS going after these laws is that
               | they are a matter of practicality. If an attack is
               | launched on the USA, the military and the President
               | aren't going to sit back and let it happen, they will
               | act.
               | 
               | When the constitution was drafted, time delays
               | necessitated that the military and the President act
               | autonomously for the most part. Congress couldn't convene
               | rapidly enough to expect them to have much say in all but
               | the largest and most drawn out conflicts.
               | 
               | The War Powers Act is codifying this implicit power. The
               | framers never considered a situation where the President
               | and Congress is watching a conflict play out across the
               | world in real-time and making decisions. So it's
               | literally impossible to say how they wanted this to be
               | handled. _That 's why they gave Congress the powers to
               | write laws_.
        
               | secstate wrote:
               | And yet, now here we are in the 21st century, where it
               | feels like we're on the opposite side of the time delay
               | problem. Instead of the War Powers Act, what if we
               | allowed congresspeople to use PEKs to vote by proxy in
               | the case of an emergency (definition needed)? Surely that
               | would be better than creating a all-but-in-title king out
               | of the executive branch as concerns conflict?
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | The security issues around that are similar to the issues
               | with electronic voting and have been covered
               | exhaustively. You're creating the absolutely juiciest
               | target for hacks and espionage. I would say they could
               | meet by remote teleconference but that has issues now too
               | with deep fakes getting better and better.
               | 
               | On a similar note the communication time has vastly
               | narrowed but so has the ability to perform attacks.
        
               | mmcdermott wrote:
               | Banning bills that transfer powers around government
               | would also hamstring regulatory agencies, wouldn't it?
               | While there are some other rules in place, agencies
               | making law is fundamentally a transfer of power from the
               | Legislative branch to the Executive.
        
               | hartator wrote:
               | Congress, the presidency, and the judiciary can't pass to
               | each other their powers. It's indeed unconstitutional.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | > > The Constitution does not say that war must be declared
             | for the armed forces to operate.
             | 
             | > It does.
             | 
             | Since the Constitution is a publicly available document,
             | would you please point me to the spot where it says that?
             | Thanks.
        
               | thurn wrote:
               | There is a certain amount of deliberate ambiguity to
               | Article I Section 8 -- take a look at e.g.
               | https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/debates_817.asp
               | and you can see that the wording "The Congress shall have
               | power to [...] declare war" was revised from "make war"
               | in the earlier drafts. Madison clearly felt that
               | Congressional authorization was on _some level_ required
               | to conduct a war, but that the Executive should be free
               | to act quickly in self-defense, e.g. to repel an
               | invasion.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Like a lot of things, this seems to fall under the idea
               | of "convention" and not law. This has been an ongoing
               | problem in recent times. Practically speaking, Congress
               | is a rubber stamp for matters of war.
               | 
               | Theoretically, they can withhold funding from the
               | military. But seeing as the Treasury Department falls
               | under the President, it's unlikely they can actually do
               | that.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Legally though the power of the purse also lies with
               | Congress. If we're throwing in extra constitutional
               | actions all bets are off though because we're no longer
               | bound by the rules of what is allowed and it's down to
               | the old power of might making right.
        
               | friend_and_foe wrote:
               | "Withhold funding from the military" it's actually better
               | (or worse) than that. The US doesn't have a standing army
               | technically speaking, it cannot constitutionally. The
               | post war military has been continuously reauthorized
               | twice yearly since the end of world war 2. Congress can
               | refuse to reauthorize continuation of it and the treasury
               | can't do anything about it.
        
               | maxlybbert wrote:
               | I don't think we covered that in my history classes.
               | Congress's website about the constitution agrees with you
               | and adds additional details ( https://constitution.congre
               | ss.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C11-3... ).
        
             | sirspacey wrote:
             | Not quite. This is a great survey of the many issues &
             | opinions on the topic that have been at play since the
             | beginning of the Constitution: https://constitution.congres
             | s.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C11-3....
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | > Armed forces killing people is a state of war.
             | 
             | There hasn't been a single year of my life where US armed
             | forces weren't killing someone somewhere in the world. The
             | US military has been involved in armed conflicts around the
             | globe in nearly every year since WWII but it hasn't
             | declared many wars.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_Un
             | i...
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_mil
             | i...
        
             | imgabe wrote:
             | Policing, or law enforcement, at the Federal level is also
             | a part of the executive branch and under control of the
             | President.
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | The current standing precedent/law is the President only
             | has to notify Congress within 48 hours of an action and
             | must remove troops within 60 days if Congress has not
             | approved an extension. Formal declarations of war are
             | separate from short military actions legally. It's an
             | extremely messy part of constitutional law precisely
             | because of the split between the power to do and the power
             | to authorize.
        
           | Exoristos wrote:
           | The Constitution forbade the US even to have a standing army.
           | A standing navy was instituted, however.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | The Constitution does not forbid a standing army, it merely
             | mandates that funding be renewed every two years. This is
             | functionally a standing army.
        
           | Empact wrote:
           | > What part of the Constitution are we ignoring?
           | 
           | Drone strikes on foreign targets are most analogous to the
           | historical practice of issuing "letters of marque and
           | reprisal," which allowed private actors (privateers) to act
           | on behalf of the state to take out pirates.
           | 
           | Issuing such letters is an enumerated power of Congress, not
           | the Presidency. So if the President does so unilaterally,
           | they are acting outside their Constitutional authority.
           | 
           | The risks of abuse to military power are real and
           | significant, which is why the power was placed in the body
           | closest to the people - so that such actions would be
           | consistent with the public will.
           | 
           | https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-1/section-8.
           | ..
        
           | kristjansson wrote:
           | > The Constitution does not say that war must be declared for
           | the armed forces to operate.
           | 
           | Yes it does, by reserving for Congress the right to declare
           | war. Obama's drone strikes were carried out under the 2001
           | AUMF against al-Qaeda and the Taliban.
        
           | jmbwell wrote:
           | The president now has legal authority to do whatever he
           | wants.
           | 
           | At the same time, the president's agencies no longer have the
           | authority to do whatever they want.
           | 
           | So I guess the president can order the military to drone
           | strike the FCC if he wants at this rate. I don't see what
           | influence the Constitution is still going to have at this
           | point.
        
         | haroldp wrote:
         | > We've been ignoring the Constitution for a very long time.
         | 
         | Since Thomas Jefferson sent Navy & Marines after the Barbary
         | Pirates without consulting Congress.
        
         | jkic47 wrote:
         | I take your point, but quick action is occasionally necessary.
         | Presidents knowing that their actions could be second guessed
         | are more likely to use the minimum force needed to achieve an
         | objective.
        
           | Buttons840 wrote:
           | We ask every soldier to put their life on the line. But do we
           | dare ask our President to subject himself to our laws?
           | 
           | I mean, if Obama went to prison for the drone strikes he
           | ordered, his sacrifice would be less than many common
           | soldiers have made.
           | 
           | I want Presidents willing to put their lives on the line and
           | their actions under the law. Is that too much to ask?
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | Not less than the average sacrifice a soldier made. The
             | average soldier would not sign up if they had a significant
             | chance of going to prison afterwards.
             | 
             | Yes it's too much to ask every president to significantly
             | risk jail time for being president.
        
             | InTheArena wrote:
             | yes, because throughout history this has been abused. This
             | was the reason that Caesar crossed the Rubicon - his
             | opponents were all queued up to sue him into oblivious on
             | his term as counsel ended.
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | Why are we okay asking soldiers to die, but asking the
               | President to risk prosecution and be subject to the law
               | is "too much"?
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | Because we need governments and can't afford to make it
               | so that anyone who ever wins elections spends the rest of
               | their life fighting off lawsuits. Wars happen, and
               | governments exist, people forget that laws are used as
               | much to impede good governance as they are to enforce
               | good governance.
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | What would be the consequences if we did allow Presidents
               | to be prosecuted and some of them did spend the rest of
               | the life fighting prosecutions?
               | 
               | It seems to me the consequence would be that we would
               | have Presidents who act carefully to not break the law.
               | Are there any other consequences?
               | 
               | I've heard it said that "democracies are where the people
               | in power lose". We've all seen "democracies" where the
               | party in power never loses; those aren't real
               | democracies. Likewise, I would say nations that are truly
               | governed by law are where those in power face legal
               | prosecution.
               | 
               | (Also, what's so bad about prosecution? If a person is
               | innocent, the legal system will find them to be innocent,
               | right?... Right?)
        
               | jkic47 wrote:
               | The consequences would be Lawfare.
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | Because doing so gives the President tons of incentives
               | for bad behavior. It's a fun case where "risk of
               | prosecution" would result in tons more questionable
               | behavior then less.
        
             | jkic47 wrote:
             | Great rhetorical question, but do consider these points: 1.
             | we ask everyone to do their individual jobs. In a soldier's
             | case, loss of life is a job hazard. In the President's
             | case, making tough decisions that could kill soldiers and
             | civilians is a job hazard 2. The assassination rate for US
             | Presidents is 8.7% (4/46 Presidents were assassinated). 3.
             | There were 1,922 US combat deaths in Afghanistan (ref 1)
             | and at the peak of the war, there were 100,000 troops there
             | (ref 2). If you ignore all the other years of deployment, a
             | US soldier's death risk in Afghanistan was 1.9%
             | 
             | Numbers are hard when they go against our intuition, but
             | every US President is taking a comparable risk to being a
             | soldier according to these numbers.
             | 
             | Obama took the risk of being a President while Black Trump
             | took the risk of being a President while Orange
             | 
             | Ref 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_casualties_i
             | n_Afghan... 2. https://www.militarytimes.com/news/your-
             | military/2016/07/06/...
        
         | IamLoading wrote:
         | Then, what are american solidiers doing in Jordan dying out
         | there. The reality is that we are sending troops using
         | loopholes, and that's costing such unnecessary complexity.
        
         | theshrike79 wrote:
         | So the US shouldn't be able to conduct any kind of military
         | operations against any country they haven't declared war on?
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | Correct.
        
             | umvi wrote:
             | So the US has to declare war on Russia and China in order
             | to support Ukraine and Taiwan? Declaring war on those
             | superpowers would be a serious act of aggression and start
             | WW3.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | That depends on what you mean by "support". Selling
               | weapons is not in itself an act of war, whereas using
               | weapons is.
        
           | kristjansson wrote:
           | Not without timely notification of and authorization by
           | Congress.
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | While I don't agree with the strikes, such action was generally
         | authorized by Congress (thanks to the "war on terror") which
         | was never since rescinded by Congress. So was not
         | unconstitutional.
        
           | friend_and_foe wrote:
           | The constitution clearly says that a _declaration of war_ is
           | needed, and only short periods of action that are necessary
           | in the interim can be taken by the president absent that.
           | Congress does not have the authority to simply pass a law
           | invalidating that. They did it, but it is most certainly not
           | constitutional.
        
             | piva00 wrote:
             | > Congress does not have the authority to simply pass a law
             | invalidating that. They did it, but it is most certainly
             | not constitutional.
             | 
             | The ones that should judge if it's not constitutional just
             | passed judgment stating that a ex-president is above the
             | law. I think they can invalidate if a president explicitly
             | needs declaration of war, given recent history I'd bet a
             | lot they would find it totally constitutional.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | Then the question is whether the law passed by Congress was
             | unconstitutional, which would have nothing to do with
             | Obama. First someone with standing would have to challenge
             | the law and then it would make its way up through the
             | courts. But I'm pretty sure the Supreme Court would uphold
             | it (as much as I would want it struck down along with the
             | Patriot Act and other "war on terror" measures).
        
         | jasonlotito wrote:
         | https://mwi.westpoint.edu/the-law-of-armed-and-unmanned-conf...
         | 
         | > As the Supreme Court concluded, the United States is in an
         | armed conflict with al-Qaeda, and Congress's 2001 Authorization
         | for the Use of Military Force--along with the president's
         | commander-in-chief authority under Article II of the
         | Constitution--provides ample domestic legal authority to
         | conduct military operations against al-Qaeda.
         | 
         | tl;dr: We haven't been ignoring the Constitution for a very
         | long time.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40848146.
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | > We detached this subthread
           | 
           | What does that mean? I'm not familiar with detached
           | subthreads.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | At the point where the thread was "detached", it is as if
             | someone started a new top-level thread.
        
       | wnevets wrote:
       | This has to be one of the worse courts in the last 100 years.
        
         | coldpie wrote:
         | For a man who talks so much about wanting to protect the
         | legitimacy of the court, Roberts has done more than anyone in
         | recent history to destroy it. In the best case, Roberts will
         | have brought about the end of SCOTUS in its current form as a
         | reaction to the blatant illegitimacy and corruption he allowed
         | under his watch. If the US survives the next couple decades,
         | the Roberts court will be talked about in the same light as the
         | 3/5ths decision.
        
       | 6510 wrote:
       | How do you hotswap a government?
        
         | treeFall wrote:
         | So you want to be an insurrectionist? That's what replacing an
         | elected government makes you.
        
           | 6510 wrote:
           | You cant seriously be suggesting we should keep gluing new
           | things onto the legacy code base until the end of time
           | without ever considering a full rewrite?
           | 
           | But to somewhat address the sentiment: We can replace the
           | machines and keep the line operators.
           | 
           | edit: Not sure now, should the government be considered the
           | people running the country or the formula?
        
       | treeFall wrote:
       | >The President of the United States is the most powerful person
       | in the country, and possibly the world. When he uses his official
       | powers in any way, under the majority's reasoning, he now will be
       | insulated from criminal prosecution. Orders the Navy's Seal Team
       | 6 to assassinate a political rival? Immune.
       | 
       | I would consider this an extreme knee jerk take, but it's
       | Sotomayor saying it.
       | 
       | https://x.com/mikedebonis/status/1807787300375445993
        
         | throwawaymaths wrote:
         | in practice, not really much of a change. Did FDR stand trial
         | for interning Japanese people? Ok, ok he died too soon. _Would
         | he have_?
        
           | nashashmi wrote:
           | FDR did a lot of wrong, including paying farmers to not work.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | A lot of presidents did a lot of wrong. The ones who did
             | not would be a shorter list.
        
           | vundercind wrote:
           | Even if he had--he might have been acquitted! Even under a
           | relatively fair trial!
           | 
           | The dissent notes that official acts _as a defense_ is
           | already A Thing. What's changed is upgrading that to
           | immunity, which means they can't be tried in the first place,
           | no defense needed. The law is simply held not to apply.
        
           | skhunted wrote:
           | There's a huge difference between "I think I can get away
           | with this" and "The Supreme Court says I have absolute
           | immunity".
        
             | danielmarkbruce wrote:
             | Except the ruling doesn't say that.
        
               | skhunted wrote:
               | _While a president has total immunity for exercising
               | "core constitutional powers," a sitting or former
               | president also has "presumptive immunity" for all
               | official acts. That immunity, wrote Chief Justice John
               | Roberts in the majority opinion, "extends to the outer
               | perimeter of the President's official responsibilities,
               | covering actions so long as they are not manifestly or
               | palpably beyond his authority."_
        
               | redserk wrote:
               | What's exactly said and what are the practical impacts
               | are two completely different things.
               | 
               | It will take many, many cases to elaborate on what
               | defines an official act and what exactly decides
               | immunity, and in the process we could see a lot of
               | potential what-I'd-say is overreach.
               | 
               | It is far too early to declare that there will be zero
               | side effects from this -- as with literally any Supreme
               | Court ruling.
               | 
               | We've already seen what qualified immunity gets us, and
               | I'd bet many people didn't expect it to go that way.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | It absolutely says that.
               | 
               | A President, if they act in an "official" capacity,
               | cannot later be charged with a crime for something they
               | did in that official capacity. Not "can offer being an
               | official as a defense", "cannot be charged".
               | 
               | What is an official capacity? Well there's the
               | traditional stuff like vetoes, appointments, and the
               | like, but there's a lot of stuff that is far more
               | nebulous. Does the President act in an official capacity
               | when telling the Vice President what to do with regards
               | to certifying an electoral college result? Well, if
               | that's official, Trump has to be more-or-less let go for
               | what happened on January 6th.
               | 
               | We are now basically saying that it's up to a judge - who
               | may or may not have been appointed by the President in
               | question - to decide whether something was an official
               | act. If it is? Welp, sorry the President's wanton order
               | violated your Constitutional rights, but no trial.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | Acts that are unconstitutional probably aren't official,
               | by definition they are outside the scope of official
               | duties, throw every living president into prison?
               | 
               | Charge every act of violence ordered in places war is
               | undeclared as war crimes?
               | 
               | If not, the things they have on Trump seem like really
               | small potatoes to zero in on.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | > Acts that are unconstitutional probably aren't
               | official, by definition they are outside the scope of
               | official duties, throw every living president into
               | prison?
               | 
               | You could make a very good case that drone strikes on
               | American citizens in foreign lands that are a part of
               | jihadist groups without due process are unconstitutional.
               | And yet, it happens. According to the standard Roberts
               | puts in place, things that are on the extreme periphery
               | of the duties of the Presidency are exempt from criminal
               | prosecution. Does this mean drone strikes? Almost
               | certainly. The President has an enumerated power to
               | command the armed forces.
               | 
               | I fail to see _why_ throwing all of the living Presidents
               | in prison is a problem, particularly if they receive a
               | day in court before getting thrown in prison. What this
               | ruling does is create a class of American that can do
               | some genuinely awful things and not be subject to legal
               | process _at all_. There is no process, due or otherwise.
               | The person gets to live their life as before.
               | 
               | Trump's being tried because the things he did weren't
               | small potatoes. Trying to overthrow the electoral process
               | unilaterally is a state fair record-setting potato. It's
               | a far more immediate and widespread risk to American life
               | and liberty than the drone strikes on foreign land that I
               | mentioned earlier. One impacts a few dozen Americans
               | globally at most; the other impacts literally all of
               | them.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | > things that are on the extreme periphery of the duties
               | of the Presidency are exempt from criminal prosecution
               | 
               | This is wrong, and your ability to make an argument
               | suggests you know it is. And the most extreme acts being
               | mentioned as risks are the exact ones where "presumptive"
               | matters.
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | > I fail to see why throwing all of the living Presidents
               | in prison is a problem
               | 
               | Hell IIRC at one point all living governors of Illinois
               | were in prison
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Official act isn't defined, so it doesn't say that.
               | 
               | Your last paragraph is closer to accurate, except a
               | president doesn't just "appoint" a judge. They have to be
               | voted in by the senate. So, if the president is a crook
               | and nominates a crook and the senate is full of crooks
               | and vote yes to have said crook become a judge, then yes
               | really bad stuff can happen. But if the president is a
               | crook and the majority of the senate are crooks, it's
               | already all over.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | > Official act isn't defined, so it doesn't say that.
               | 
               | It is and isn't, which is the problem.
               | 
               | > Your last paragraph is closer to accurate, except a
               | president doesn't just "appoint" a judge. They have to be
               | voted in by the senate. So, if the president is a crook
               | and nominates a crook and the senate is full of crooks
               | and vote yes to have said crook become a judge, then yes
               | really bad stuff can happen. But if the president is a
               | crook and the majority of the senate are crooks, it's
               | already all over.
               | 
               | They more or less do appoint. There's never going to be a
               | judge voted on that doesn't push a President's viewpoint,
               | particularly not in the last thirty years. If a system
               | doesn't take into consideration this particular
               | contingency, it wasn't a very good system, was it?
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Tell that to Merrick Garland.
               | 
               | You are confusing necessary and sufficient.
        
               | skhunted wrote:
               | _So, if the president is a crook and nominates a crook
               | and the senate is full of crooks and vote yes to have
               | said crook become a judge, then yes really bad stuff can
               | happen._
               | 
               | That's essentially what happened with Kavanaugh, Amy, and
               | Neil minus the judge being a crook part. Well, Kavanaugh
               | is a rapist so for him the crook part applies. The really
               | bad stuff is happening. You just are not aware of it.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | The point: if those things happen, this decision matters
               | not.
               | 
               | If you think all those things are in place, this really
               | is the least of your worries.
        
           | dooglius wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korematsu_v._United_States?use.
           | ..
        
             | throwawaymaths wrote:
             | Note v. United States, not v. FDR
        
           | flyingpenguin wrote:
           | He very likely should have at least been tried (and probably
           | acquitted). I don't understand this modern take so many
           | people have that "Freedom to act" somehow means "act without
           | consequences".
        
         | kardianos wrote:
         | That's the minority opinion. Maybe people should read the
         | majority opinion first?
        
           | ahmeneeroe-v2 wrote:
           | 6 of 9 justices presumably felt they weren't enabling an
           | executive with no limits
        
             | 7thaccount wrote:
             | Several of those are absolutely corrupt at this point and
             | bought off by the corporatocracy that now rules the
             | country.
        
               | mandmandam wrote:
               | Conveniently, buying off SC judges was also made legal
               | this week.
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | It's extreme to the point of silliness. If a court decides that
         | would fall under "official acts", we are already doomed.
        
           | OgsyedIE wrote:
           | In practice the court will say whatever POTUS tells it to
           | say, lest an 'official act' remove some of the members of the
           | court and their loved ones.
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | Only if the potus has an -R. This court has been a
             | caricature of siding with evil whenever given the
             | opportunity.
             | 
             | It's composed of the three honest judges and six partisan
             | Federalist Society hacks who will make up whatever terrible
             | "justification" to rule for the powerful and rich.
        
               | mandmandam wrote:
               | I'll say it again, because that flag was completely
               | unfair and people really need this context:
               | 
               | 2 of those hacks were gifted on silver platters by
               | establishment Dems.
               | 
               | 1. They could have fought harder (or at all) to get
               | Merrick Garland confirmed.
               | 
               | 2. RBG needed to step down.
               | 
               | Many, many people warned of the dire consequences of
               | these decisions. Now here we are.
               | 
               |  _Edit_ : I'm rate limited, but in response to Tyler
               | below:
               | 
               | > What were the Dems supposed to do exactly?
               | 
               |  _Anything_.  "We tried nothing, and we're all out of
               | ideas". Some ideas:
               | 
               | 1. A public pressure campaign. Mobilise public opinion
               | and leverage media. _Try_.
               | 
               | 2. Procedural tactics in the Senate. Delay bills, force
               | debate, etc. Dems can be highly cunning & competent when
               | fighting against progressives, so I know they had the
               | ability.
               | 
               | 3. Explore legal avenues to hold Republicans responsible
               | for fucking with Democracy like that. Accountability;
               | what a concept.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | The funny thing is.. we are in a similar spot now too --
               | what with gerontocracy unwilling to let go of power --
               | and, it will likely surprise no one, amazingly long lived
               | consequences.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | The Rs refused to given Garland his day in Congress, and
               | they had the majority. What were the Dems supposed to do
               | exactly?
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Get control of the senate. It wouldn't have mattered if
               | they gave him his day, he wasn't going to get nominated.
               | The republicans nominated Robert Bork back in the day,
               | and the dems (then in control of the senate) voted it
               | down. It's basically the same thing - the system working
               | as intended.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | No, it bloody well isn't.
               | 
               | Republicans _refused to hold the vote_ on Garland,
               | spouting off nonsense about "No new justices in an
               | election year". The same people rammed judges through in
               | Trumps last year. Typical right wing hypocrisy.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | And if they'd had the vote? The result would have been
               | no. Same result.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | It would have put a lot of prominent Republicans -
               | including Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell - in an
               | awkward position because a number of them had previously
               | said he was a great candidate.
               | 
               | So, they either make a liar out of themselves, or become
               | a rank hypocrite.
        
             | belorn wrote:
             | Under the same line of thought, soldiers in the military
             | will always follow what their commander say, least order to
             | comes to remove a soldier and their loved ones.
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | I think that's rather her point. We _are_ already doomed.
           | 
           | Think about how the Executive handled rival political
           | movements in the past. The Black Panthers. CPUSA circa 1919.
           | Now imagine Fred Hampton had been running for President when
           | he was killed.
           | 
           | The line between "political opponent" and "enemy of the
           | State" can become pretty blurry. This ruling gives the
           | Executive _broad_ power to act in its own interests when it
           | can claim the line is blurry.
        
           | MPSimmons wrote:
           | What does "Enemies, foreign and domestic" mean, really?
        
             | o11c wrote:
             | That phrasing is so passe. It has been "enemies, real and
             | imaginary" for over 2 decades now.
        
           | brendoelfrendo wrote:
           | It is, frankly, moon logic. The President is commander-in-
           | chief, ergo, they are immune from prosecution when issuing an
           | order to the military, even if the order is illegal? Because
           | the Constitution says the President can issue orders and
           | doesn't say anything about whether those orders need to be
           | legitimate or justifiable in any sort of national context?
           | Repeat for the Justice Department, or Immigration, or any of
           | the many offices that fall under the executive branch.
           | Apparently if the President is insane, or corrupt, or
           | treasonous... that's a problem for all of us, but not
           | necessarily a problem for the President.
        
             | jameshart wrote:
             | Really does a number on the 'unlawful order' doctrine for
             | military accountability. Has SCOTUS made 'just following
             | orders' a valid legal defense?
             | 
             | They've also made much of the fact that the presidential
             | authority to pardon is constitutionally unreviewable, so
             | even if the president orders someone to commit a crime, he
             | can pardon them preemptively. His appointment power is
             | similarly in the constitution, so he can also fire and
             | replace them until he finds someone willing to do it.
             | 
             | Are we really left with 'if the president were to issue
             | illegal orders to his staff, Congress would definitely
             | impeach him'?
        
               | wbl wrote:
               | No, the President gets to order it and the little guys
               | fall for doing it.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | The president telling any member of his cabinet to do
           | anything is presumptively an official act, and the evidence
           | of him doing so is categorically forbidden from being used as
           | evidence. (Hell, that's more extreme than even Trump's
           | lawyers asked for! This basically overturns US v Nixon in its
           | quest to elevate
           | 
           | This is an opinion that might make sense if we were being
           | asked if a president ordering drone assassinations makes him
           | liable for murder. In the context of the president trying to
           | instigate a coup for not being reelected, to the point that
           | his own government is threatening mass resignation if he
           | carries it out in protest at the sheer unconstitutionality of
           | it... this is the kind of question that almost begs SCOTUS to
           | say "make a narrow ruling as to whether or not this specific
           | instance is permissible" and SCOTUS decides instead to make a
           | grand, sweeping proclamation for all ages and circumstances
           | and neglect to look at the _specific facts in this case_ and
           | leave it unanswered here.
           | 
           | Roberts, let this case be your Dred Scott decision, your
           | Korematsu decision. You've certainly done more to torpedo the
           | credibility of the court in one decision than any other case
           | in the past few decades... and that's saying quite a bit.
        
             | monetus wrote:
             | And this is coming off of the heels of Chevron being
             | overturned.
        
           | bcrosby95 wrote:
           | Official acts are still official regardless of the underlying
           | reason and according to this case courts aren't even allowed
           | to examine those reasons.
        
             | danielmarkbruce wrote:
             | "official acts" have yet to be defined.
        
               | Miner49er wrote:
               | They are partially defined, and the example given is part
               | of the partial definition.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | No, it's not. Because contradictions exist (is it
               | official when it's unconstitutional? Is it official
               | because it's mentioned in the constitution?) and are not
               | yet resolved.
        
               | Miner49er wrote:
               | Anything laid out as a Presidential power in the
               | Constitution is definitely an "official act". What is
               | left for definition is everything else, from my
               | understanding.
        
               | bcrosby95 wrote:
               | IANAL, but those seem like constitutional acts, and have
               | absolute immunity, rather than simply presumptive
               | immunity.
               | 
               | From the article:
               | 
               | > "Under our constitutional structure of separated
               | powers, the nature of presidential power entitles a
               | former president to absolute immunity from criminal
               | prosecution for actions within his conclusive and
               | preclusive constitutional authority," Chief Justice John
               | Roberts wrote for the court. "And he is entitled to at
               | least presumptive immunity from prosecution for all his
               | official acts. There is no immunity for unofficial acts."
               | 
               | There aren't just 2 types of acts. There are 3:
               | constitutional, official, and unofficial.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | No, it isn't. It is up for debate and will be debated, in
               | court.
        
               | Miner49er wrote:
               | > At least with respect to the President's exercise of
               | his core constitutional powers, this immunity must be
               | absolute. As for his remaining official actions, he is
               | entitled to at least presumptive immunity.
        
           | doctorpangloss wrote:
           | > If a court decides that would fall under "official acts",
           | we are already doomed.
           | 
           | Everyone thinks lines don't get crossed, until they do.
        
             | lenerdenator wrote:
             | And if the last nine years have proven anything, most of
             | the system will say "well, that wasn't _technically_ a
             | line, just something we 've always done a certain way that
             | was up for change at any moment's notice should one person
             | decide to do so."
        
           | enragedcacti wrote:
           | You know the majority can read the dissent right? If they
           | felt it so silly they could have addressed it. Rather than
           | contesting the claim they dismiss it because they feel its
           | not as likely as other (seemingly non-mutually exclusive)
           | concerns:
           | 
           | > The dissents' positions in the end boil down to ignoring
           | the Constitution's separation of powers and the Court's
           | precedent and instead fear mongering on the basis of extreme
           | hypotheticals about a future where the President "feels
           | empowered to violate federal criminal law." [...] The
           | dissents overlook the more likely prospect of an Executive
           | Branch that cannibalizes itself...
           | 
           | Also important to note is that the hypothetical didn't sprout
           | from thin air, Trump's lawyers (whose arguments SCOTUS in
           | large part accepted) acknowledged that extrajudicial
           | assassinations would fall under official acts.
           | 
           | https://thehill.com/regulation/court-
           | battles/4398223-trump-t...
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | That's not what they say, you cut off their actual
             | response:
             | 
             | > The dissents overlook the more likely prospect of an
             | Executive Branch that cannibalizes itself, with each
             | successive President free to prosecute his predecessors,
             | yet unable to boldly and fearlessly carry out his duties
             | for fear that he may be next. ... Virtually every President
             | is criticized for insufficiently enforcing some aspect of
             | federal law (such as drug, gun, immigration, or
             | environmental laws). An enterprising prosecutor in a new
             | administration may assert that a previous President
             | violated that broad statute. Without immunity, such types
             | of prosecutions of ex-Presidents could quickly become
             | routine.
             | 
             | Their argument isn't that it's not likely, it's that
             | there's another failure mode that is even more likely.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | I wouldn't call that a failure mode.
               | 
               | The US has a long history of relying purely on executive
               | latitude and good faith to get things done. We now have a
               | bad faith actor who wants back in the Oval Office with
               | _far_ fewer restrictions on his power. A lawsuit or
               | criminal charge would absolutely be a good remedy in that
               | situation.
               | 
               | Furthermore, it's the implementation of a system. What
               | the justices of the majority said today is "there is no
               | system". When there is no system to deal with problems,
               | then humans make them up ad-hoc, which usually results in
               | violence, if history is any indicator - and it is.
        
               | KoolKat23 wrote:
               | Deleted
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | You're misreading the text. It's not saying "if
               | presidents assassinated their rivals they'd cannibalize
               | themselves", it's saying "if executive branches got in
               | the habit of prosecuting past presidents for official
               | acts we'd be in a load of trouble, and that's a more
               | likely scenario than assassinations."
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Reasoning that more-or-less overlooks the entire history
               | of the United States' treatment of bad political actors,
               | from the Nixon pardon through the Lincoln pardons of the
               | Confederates all the way to the multiple times Aaron Burr
               | escaped justice for his prior service to the country.
               | 
               | It does make one question why this SCOTUS seems to think
               | the future will break with precedent. Almost as if
               | they're laying the groundwork for some significant
               | changes to past decorum...
        
               | KoolKat23 wrote:
               | I see what you're saying thanks. Deleted to avoid causing
               | confusion.
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | That's a lot of words to not contest that political
               | assassinations are covered under this framework of
               | immunity.
               | 
               | > Their argument isn't that it's not likely, it's that
               | there's another failure mode that is even more likely.
               | 
               | I know its hard to imagine, but I strongly feel there is
               | some amount of presidential immunity that mitigates what
               | they are worried about without also enabling political
               | assassination.
        
           | downWidOutaFite wrote:
           | We were doomed when Republicans decided that impeachment was
           | a partisan tool and could not be used against Trump. They
           | broke the system by abandoning their constitutional duties so
           | we are now looking into the abyss.
        
             | jameshart wrote:
             | A do-over of both impeachment trials in the Senate would
             | seem to be necessary, given that many senators went on
             | record as saying they believed presidents were subject to
             | criminal prosecution and chose not to convict for that
             | reason. This changes that calculus.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | It changes the excuse. They will surely find a different
               | one.
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | That... is a bold misstatement of basic facts. IIRC[1]
             | Democracts introduced a bill to impeach Trump in very
             | partisan fashion, and then cried foul when Republicans made
             | an attempt to impeach Biden. Amusingly, this is partially
             | how we got to see the other part of the Hunter Biden laptop
             | saga.
             | 
             | But to your main point, do you remember why Democrats tried
             | to impeach Trump? I am leaving it as a question, because I
             | am curious how you are intending to defend that record.
             | 
             | [1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_
             | Trum... [2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment_inquir
             | y_into_Joe_B...
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | They impeached Trump twice, members of both parties voted
               | to impeach both times (more in the latter than the
               | former).
               | 
               | The first time Trump used his power as president of a
               | superpower to attempt to force a poor country to make up
               | a fake investigation into his political rival. This is
               | bad, basically unprecedented.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | << This is bad, basically unprecedented.
               | 
               | Is it bad? Sure. Unprecedented? Hardly[1]. Note that this
               | precedented action was taken by Biden( same country too
               | ). The only difference appears to be 'he is the wrong
               | side'. But hey, Biden can attempt to have superpower
               | force a poor country to do what he wants it to do ( and
               | we can go into the details of the names in that article
               | if you think it is worthwhile, because to a casual
               | observer 'Biden, allies pushed out Ukrainian prosecutor
               | because he didn't pursue corruption cases' is mildly
               | laughable ).
               | 
               | edit:
               | 
               | << members of both parties voted to impeach both times
               | 
               | Ah, yes, the ever-present siren song of
               | bipartisanship[2]. House had 10 defectors:
               | 
               | Party Yeas Nays Present Not Voting Democratic 222 0 0 0
               | Republican 10 197 0 4 Independent 0 0 0 0 Total 232 197 0
               | 4
               | 
               | And note how the more recognizable defectors are either
               | being pushed out of their seats ( Kinziger ) or reviled
               | by their constituency and then pushed out ( Cheney ).
               | 
               | [1]https://www.congress.gov/116/meeting/house/110331/docu
               | ments/... edit[2]https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202117
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | > Unprecedented? Hardly[1].
               | 
               | This is literally because the individual in question
               | _was_ notably corrupt and not for political gain.
               | 
               | >> It wasn't because Shokin was investigating a natural
               | gas company tied to Biden's son; it was because Shokin
               | wasn't pursuing corruption among the country's
               | politicians, according to a Ukrainian official and four
               | former American officials who specialized in Ukraine and
               | Europe.
               | 
               | > Ah, yes, the ever-present siren song of
               | bipartisanship[2]. House had 10 defectors
               | 
               | That is indeed bipartisanship
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | << That is indeed bipartisanship
               | 
               | Just a point of reference for me though. Would one count
               | the impeachment as bipartisan or are we just playing with
               | words? I mean, we can, but it gets silly fast.
               | 
               | << because the individual in question was notably corrupt
               | and not for political gain.
               | 
               | I did not you ask why. You used qualifier unprecedented,
               | which was inaccurate ( I am giving you the benefit of the
               | doubt ). And this is before we get to the part that
               | finding a non-corrupt official there is kinda hard (
               | edit: which makes the distinction irrelevant ).
        
         | bitlax wrote:
         | > I would consider this an extreme knee jerk take, but it's
         | Sotomayor saying it.
         | 
         | Sotomayor is prone to extreme knee-jerk takes.
         | 
         | https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-052172757066
        
           | rafram wrote:
           | An incorrect off-the-cuff comment during oral arguments != an
           | incorrect assertion in a published decision.
        
           | squidbeak wrote:
           | She's a Supreme Court Justice so her cautions shouldn't be
           | lightly dismissed.
        
         | alphabetatheta wrote:
         | This is a terrible take. The Supreme Court case severely limits
         | even the use of evidence to prosecute a President. The majority
         | ruling says that as long as something is done in "official"
         | capacity the intentions don't matter.
         | 
         | EDIT: This ruling probably retroactively clears Nixon from
         | Watergate. It would make it illegal to use the tapes as
         | evidence against him.
        
           | vessenes wrote:
           | Would it? I am skeptical about this take and I am skeptical
           | of Sotomayer's take. What official capacity would Nixon have
           | been undertaking? What official capacity would a seal team
           | six assassination of trump be designated as?
           | 
           | I'm also skeptical of her dissent strategy; dissents are key
           | places to limit a ruling. Why not just say what seems crystal
           | clear and say 'nothing about this ruling should be taken to
           | mean calling something an official act as a fig leaf for
           | criminality is okay; it's not okay to assassinate a political
           | rival ever.' Instead she says it might be okay by the ruling.
           | I dislike this approach in the extreme; it feels like
           | grandstanding and complaining about the Roberts court rather
           | than engaging with her own substantial influence.
        
             | darkerside wrote:
             | Thank you for verbalizing something that was really
             | bothering me here. Sotomayor is playing the victim in a way
             | that is bad for America.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | >Instead she says it might be okay by the ruling
             | 
             | yeah it seems like a traditional FUD strategy, i would
             | expect Supreme Court justices to be more analytical and
             | sober than that.
        
             | vharuck wrote:
             | >Would it? I am skeptical about this take and I am
             | skeptical of Sotomayer's take. What official capacity would
             | Nixon have been undertaking?
             | 
             | For the Nixon tapes, today's SCOTUS ruling would require
             | the prosecution to convince a federal judge before trial
             | that the value of the tapes in the criminal case greatly
             | outweighs the general immunity from oversight presidents
             | have when consulting advisors. Difficult, but not
             | impossible. It probably would've given the same result in
             | the Nixon case, because Nixon didn't use presidential
             | powers to carry out the plan (just the cover up in the
             | Saturday Night Massacre stage). If he had used an active
             | FBI agent instead of a former one to place the bugs, then
             | it might have been OK, according to today's ruling (see
             | III.B.1 which grants immunity to Trump for his sham
             | investigations using the DOJ).
             | 
             | >What official capacity would a seal team six assassination
             | of trump be designated as?
             | 
             | The President is the head of the military and can direct
             | them without consulting Congress. Congress is free to
             | impeach him if he does so without authorization, but he'd
             | have absolute immunity because this is a core power of the
             | office.
             | 
             | Maybe you meant, "What reason could there be to justify
             | that killing in the name of the nation or its people?" In
             | which case, the President would never have to say. His
             | motives are not even allowed to be investigated. See III.A
             | from the majority opinion:
             | 
             | >In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts may
             | not inquire into the President's motives. Such an inquiry
             | would risk exposing even the most obvious instances of of-
             | ficial conduct to judicial examination on the mere
             | allegation of improper purpose, thereby intruding on the
             | Article II in- terests that immunity seeks to protect.
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | Does it say anything about the person who carries out the
           | order from the President?
           | 
           | If a member of Seal Team 6 _did_ assassinate a political
           | rival of the President, would they also be immune from
           | prosecution? To me it sounds like the kind of order they
           | would refuse.
        
             | paulryanrogers wrote:
             | Indeed. So if Trump himself takes an AR-15 into Congress
             | (ostensibly to stop a 'fraudulent' election process) then
             | he's free and clear.
        
             | wing-_-nuts wrote:
             | The would be eligible for a pardon which _would_ be an
             | official act
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | well if the murder took place in the US then the state
               | would charge them with murder and, as Trump found out, no
               | pardons for state crimes.
        
             | KingOfCoders wrote:
             | Just pardon everyone in the United States that act on your
             | orders every morning after you get up before breakfast.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | To give the majority opinion its own voice:
         | 
         | > The President enjoys no immunity for his unofficial acts, and
         | not everything the President does is official. The President is
         | not above the law. But Congress may not criminalize the
         | President's conduct in carrying out the responsibilities of the
         | Executive Branch under the Constitution. And the system of
         | separated powers designed by the Framers has always demanded an
         | energetic, independent Executive. The President therefore may
         | not be prosecuted for exercising his core constitutional
         | powers, and he is entitled, at a minimum, to a presumptive
         | immunity from prosecution for all his official acts.
         | 
         | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
         | 
         | EDIT: OP left a reply to this comment that I think was unfairly
         | flagged, visible here with showdead:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40848860
        
           | treeFall wrote:
           | Then it sounds like Sotomayor is being extreme by conflating
           | domestic political assassinations as an "official act." Does
           | she not understand the difference?
        
             | downWidOutaFite wrote:
             | The ruling is extremely wishy washy about what is official
             | vs unofficial, and keeps saying that it is very hard to
             | determine, and even prohibits prosecutors from using
             | certain legal tactics to determine if something is official
             | or unofficial.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The Supreme Court wasn't even asked to define exactly
               | what is official versus unofficial in this case. It will
               | now return to a lower court to address that point, which
               | is the normal way for the process to work.
        
               | downWidOutaFite wrote:
               | That is a scam. The tests given in the opinion mean that
               | they were all official because they involved federal
               | elections. The case is over.
               | 
               | The president now has immunity to corrupt elections as he
               | wishes. I honestly don't understand how any American can
               | be happy about this.
        
             | Goronmon wrote:
             | _Does she not understand the difference?_
             | 
             | Explain the difference.
        
               | treeFall wrote:
               | Depriving someone of their constitutional rights cannot
               | be an official act by definition. Arguing that it can be
               | is just word games in a world where words stop mattering.
        
               | monetus wrote:
               | Should an official act done in furtherance of a crime be
               | official?
               | 
               | I think the problem is that the section regarding
               | evidence, c3 iirc, says that any evidence implicating a
               | criminal unofficial act must itself be unofficial, and
               | not related to presidential acts.
        
               | whamlastxmas wrote:
               | American citizens have been drone striked without due
               | process so that is in fact the reality we live in
        
               | Zardoz89 wrote:
               | Explain that in Guantanamo
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | > Depriving someone of their constitutional rights cannot
               | be an official act by definition.
               | 
               | Who said?
        
               | treeFall wrote:
               | The definition of words. It is unconstitutional to
               | infringe on constitutional rights. Official actions are
               | made such by the granted authority. No unconstitutional
               | action is supported by the granted authority of the
               | constitution.
        
               | jasonlotito wrote:
               | SCOTUS disagrees.
               | 
               | The most recent affirmation:
               | https://www.scotusblog.com/2024/06/supreme-court-upholds-
               | bar...
               | 
               | There are countless other cases.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | > The definition of words. It is unconstitutional to
               | infringe on constitutional rights.
               | 
               | So if you belive that the election was stolen, and
               | organize a military uprising to fix that, then what?
               | 
               | You're acting in your official capacity to uphold the
               | constitutional rights. It's all fine and dandy, and you
               | should get full immunity.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | > So if you belive that the election was stolen, and
               | organize a military uprising to fix that, then what?
               | 
               | Or if you don't believe the election was stolen. The
               | court said In dividing official from unofficial conduct,
               | courts may not inquire into the President's motives.
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | > The definition of words
               | 
               | Ouroboros
        
               | OgsyedIE wrote:
               | 'Official act' does not currently have a legal
               | definition. It isn't defined in this majority opinion and
               | it hasn't been given a definition previously.
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > 'Official act' does not currently have a legal
               | definition. It isn't defined in this majority opinion and
               | it hasn't been given a definition previously.
               | 
               | It sounds like it does, from the majority opinion:
               | 
               | > The President enjoys no immunity for his unofficial
               | acts, and not everything the President does is official.
               | The President is not above the law. But Congress may not
               | criminalize the President's conduct in carrying out the
               | responsibilities of the Executive Branch under the
               | Constitution. And the system of separated powers designed
               | by the Framers has always demanded an energetic,
               | independent Executive. The President therefore may not be
               | prosecuted for exercising his core constitutional powers,
               | and he is entitled, at a minimum, to a presumptive
               | immunity from prosecution for all his official acts.
               | 
               | So it sounds like "official acts" means an act
               | "exercising his core constitutional powers."
        
               | OgsyedIE wrote:
               | Those are two independent clauses which means that
               | neither is a definition of the other.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | You're misreading this.
               | 
               | Core constitutional powers: may not be prosecuted.
               | Period. Impossible.
               | 
               | Official acts: presumptive immunity, may possibly be
               | prosecuted.
               | 
               | Clearly "core constitutional powers" != "official acts"
               | because they have two very different standards applied.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | The problem is the core of this ruling seems to be just
               | word games.
        
               | DannyBee wrote:
               | ???
               | 
               | The court opinion literally says pressuring the vice
               | president to try to not certify the election was an
               | official act related to talking about the limits of his
               | roles and responsibilities.
               | 
               | We are already well into stupid word games territory.
               | 
               | What is your counter argument, from the actual opinion?
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | No it doesn't. The conclusion III(B)(2) of the opinion:
               | 
               | > It is ultimately the Government's burden to rebut the
               | presumption of immunity. We therefore remand to the
               | District Court to assess in the first instance, with
               | appropriate input from the parties, whether a prosecution
               | involving Trump's alleged attempts to influence the Vice
               | President's oversight of the certification proceeding in
               | his capacity as President of the Senate would pose any
               | dangers of intrusion on the authority and functions of
               | the Executive Branch.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | > The court opinion literally says pressuring the vice
               | president to try to not certify the election was an
               | official act related to talking about the limits of his
               | roles and responsibilities.
               | 
               | This isn't how Supreme Court cases usually work. Most of
               | the time, as in this case, they clarify some things and
               | send it back to the lower courts.
               | 
               | The Court here ruled that the President is entitled to
               | immunity for official acts and sent the case back to the
               | lower court to determine if Trump was acting in his
               | official capacity as President or in his capacity as a
               | political candidate.
        
               | jasonlotito wrote:
               | > Depriving someone of their constitutional rights cannot
               | be an official act by definition.
               | 
               | SCOTUS disagrees with you. People can be stripped of
               | their constitutional rights and they are official acts.
               | 
               | For the most recent case:
               | https://www.scotusblog.com/2024/06/supreme-court-upholds-
               | bar...
               | 
               | 2nd Amendment versus the executive branch's right to
               | enforce that law.
        
               | sjtgraham wrote:
               | Read the opinion.
        
             | brokencode wrote:
             | Just call it necessary for national security with some BS
             | reasoning and thin or made up evidence and suddenly it's an
             | official act. There are so many ways a president could
             | twist pretty much anything into an official act.
        
             | buildbot wrote:
             | This was argued by Trump's defense team, it's not a
             | hypothetical
             | 
             | https://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-
             | show/maddowblog/pressed-...
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | Rather, the prosecution asked it as a hypothetical and
               | the defense refused to rule out that it might be an
               | official act.
        
               | buildbot wrote:
               | That's explicitly arguing for the possibility then? Seems
               | like splitting hairs and not a big leap to understand why
               | the dissent might reference a take so wild as - yeah it's
               | okay to murder your political rivals if it's official!
        
               | GlobalFrog wrote:
               | So, for the next election, if Biden decides to pressure
               | several state officials for them to choose him as the
               | state winner instead of the real election result
               | prevailing, there would be no prosecution. So why
               | wouldn't he do it? Oh yes, basic honesty and being
               | faithful to his country (unless that being old and
               | confused, he decides to do just that, so two reasons
               | there for him not to be held responsible).
               | 
               | During the Supreme Court hearings, has anyone asked the
               | hypothetical of a president deciding to send Team 6 to
               | get rid of some members of the Supreme Court? No
               | prosecution for that too?
        
             | jwithington wrote:
             | couldn't be it reasonably construed as an official act if
             | the president believed that person was a member of a
             | terrorist group? the post 9/11 Authorization of Use for
             | Military Force grants the president the use of all
             | "necessary and appropriate force" in prosecuting
             | terrorists.
             | 
             | this act is still in effect.
        
               | breadwinner wrote:
               | Could Proud Boys reasonably be considered a terrorist
               | group?
        
               | jwithington wrote:
               | Hellfire on its way now
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | What if the President ordered the assassination of the head
             | of a terrorist organization that attempted to overthrow
             | Congress with physical force?
        
               | anonfordays wrote:
               | Not the exact scenario you described, but a similar
               | scenario occurred in the past:
               | 
               | "... al-Awlaki ... was an American-Yemeni lecturer, and
               | jihadist who was killed in 2011 in Yemen by a U.S.
               | government drone strike ordered by President Barack
               | Obama. Al-Awlaki became the first U.S. citizen to be
               | targeted and killed by a drone strike from the U.S.
               | government."
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki
        
             | diob wrote:
             | If you think it's extreme you haven't been paying attention
             | to how Republicans have been acting with the "get out of
             | jail free" card for years.
             | 
             | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affai
             | r#Par...
        
             | jasonlotito wrote:
             | A president could put a bullet through a political rivals
             | head and say he was "to the best of his ability,
             | preserving, protecting, and defending the Consitution of
             | the United States" if that political rival was calling for
             | the "termination of all rules, regulations, and articles,
             | even those found in the Constitution" and was preparing to
             | do it.
             | 
             | I could see the argument being made that yes, that's an
             | official act. You'd have to argue why it's okay for a
             | President to abandon their oath of office.
        
           | chx wrote:
           | The problem is that official vs unofficial designation does
           | not exist. The Supreme Court just invented it out of thin
           | air. Further https://www.thenation.com/article/society/trump-
           | immunity-sup...
           | 
           | > the court has left nearly no sphere in which the president
           | can be said to be acting "unofficially." And more
           | importantly, the court has left virtually no vector of
           | evidence that can be deployed against a president to prove
           | that their acts were "unofficial." If trying to overthrow the
           | government is "official," then what isn't? And if we can't
           | use the evidence of what the president says or does, because
           | communications with their advisers, other government
           | officials, and the public is "official," then how can we ever
           | show that an act was taken "unofficially?"
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | Doesn't this difference exist _de facto_?
             | 
             | Trump murdering his business partner at a dinner because
             | they had a fallout is pretty clearly unofficial, while
             | Trump ordering assassination of the Tyrant of Ruritania is
             | official, albeit probably immoral and/or dangerous to boot.
             | 
             | Of course the grey zone between those two poles is going to
             | be pretty wide.
        
               | robertoandred wrote:
               | Uh, you're missing the fact that his business partner is
               | a danger to national security. The motives are
               | irrelevant.
        
               | impalallama wrote:
               | The question becomes what if the President then uses
               | their power to jail/execute political rivals? How would
               | you rule that as unofficial? Tons of dictators jail
               | rivals on the "official" business of maintaining order or
               | peace or some other nebulous term. The presidents role to
               | enforce law is so broad that it can be used to justify
               | almost any act.
        
               | Muromec wrote:
               | This, so much this. Nobody ever jails political
               | opponents, obstructs justice and bullies media in their
               | unofficial capacity. If there is immunity, it will be
               | used to do all kinds of shticks.
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | Indeed. This feels much in line to the German Enabling
               | Act of 1933.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | Critically, the former president was posting about how
               | his political enemies should face military tribunals for
               | treason _yesterday_
        
               | chx wrote:
               | > there is also no way to prove it's "unofficial,"
               | because any conversation the president has with their
               | military advisers (where, for instance, the president
               | tells them why they want a particular person
               | assassinated) is official and cannot be used against
               | them.
        
               | sfink wrote:
               | You listed two extremes to demonstrate the difference,
               | which is fine, but what about the example of Trump
               | encouraging insurrection? It seems just a teeny bit
               | relevant here, given that it is what prompted the case in
               | the first place. And insurrection is definitely related
               | to governing, so you can't discard it from consideration
               | just because it's nothing like murdering a business
               | partner. He could claim that an illegal decision was
               | about to be made and so he had to use his executive
               | authority to counteract it. That sounds like an official
               | duty to me.
        
               | breadwinner wrote:
               | > _He could claim that an illegal decision was about to
               | be made_
               | 
               | He doesn't even have to provide such a justification
               | because the court has said the President's motives cannot
               | be used to decide if it was official or unofficial.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | > Trump murdering his business partner at a dinner
               | because they had a fallout is pretty clearly unofficial
               | 
               | Why? The majority said In dividing official from
               | unofficial conduct, courts may not inquire into the
               | President's motives. Nor may courts deem an action
               | unofficial merely because it allegedly violates a
               | generally applicable law.[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2
               | pg.pdf
        
             | ahmeneeroe-v2 wrote:
             | It's within the court's purview to invent new tests which
             | lower courts can use to decide cases. That's the entire
             | point of a landmark case.
        
               | chx wrote:
               | > while the Supreme Court says "unofficial" acts are
               | still prosecutable, the court has left nearly no sphere
               | in which the president can be said to be acting
               | "unofficially."
        
               | TimTheTinker wrote:
               | Agreed, this is a key function of interpreting the law.
               | 
               | If the people don't like a landmark case (i.e. the
               | disagree with the interpretation), Congress can pass a
               | new law. If a new law contradicts the court's opinion,
               | the law takes precedence.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | > If the people don't like a landmark case (i.e. the
               | disagree with the interpretation), Congress can pass a
               | new law. If a new law contradicts the court's opinion,
               | the law takes precedence.
               | 
               | Maybe.[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_executive_theor
               | y#Judic...
        
               | TimTheTinker wrote:
               | Right - constitutional interpretation is the one area
               | where the court can overrule congressional law.
               | 
               | But even then, with enough agreement from the states,
               | Congress can amend the Constitution.
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | But, they didn't invent any new tests here. Baseline,
               | what they want to achieve is to stop the prosecution of
               | Donald Trump in its tracks, and they'd like to use no
               | more and no less overreach to achieve that. If it comes
               | back to them, and they need to hammer harder, they will
               | do that. But, the key goal is to protect Trump.
               | 
               | So, they can invent tests later, after they see how this
               | decision affects the prosecution.
        
               | ahmeneeroe-v2 wrote:
               | If act = core constitutional power then absolute immunity
               | elseif act = official then presumed immunity else no
               | immunity end
               | 
               | how is that not a test?
        
             | sickofparadox wrote:
             | Judicial review didn't exist until the Supreme Court
             | invented it out of thin air as well! Since the foundation
             | of the country, we have allowed the SCOTUS a degree of
             | legislation from the bench.
        
               | chx wrote:
               | > while the Supreme Court says "unofficial" acts are
               | still prosecutable, the court has left nearly no sphere
               | in which the president can be said to be acting
               | "unofficially."
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | << If trying to overthrow the government is "official,"
             | then what isn't?
             | 
             | It seems a lot is assumed in that one sentence. Did he give
             | an order that said 'Overthrow!"? If not, what, exactly, did
             | he do? And this may be a part of the issue. Everything is a
             | hyperbole wrapped in performative anger.
             | 
             | In other words, can you name an action that you deem
             | unofficial that would qualify as 'overthrow"?
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | Elector conspiracy
               | 
               | Failing to execute his office by failing to defend the
               | Capitol
               | 
               | Telling the Proud Boys to stand by rather than stand down
               | 
               | Encouraging a vitriolic crowd to take back their country
               | and transferring blame to Pence, who was going to be in
               | the Capitol performing his Senate duties.
               | 
               | ---------------
               | 
               | There comes a time when we have look past the mob-boss-
               | need-for-explicit wording schtick and recognize a space
               | as a space.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | << Encouraging a vitriolic crowd to take back their
               | country and transferring blame to Pence, who was going to
               | be in the Capitol performing his Senate duties.
               | 
               | Yeah, I.. I think you will want to find a better example
               | than what he actually said[1]
               | 
               | << Failing to execute his office by failing to defend the
               | Capitol
               | 
               | So a lack of an official act is an official act? This
               | does not fall under what I asked for, but good try.
               | 
               | << Elector conspiracy
               | 
               | You have something there, but you want something more
               | concrete. What was his exact step that was NOT an
               | official act in your view.
               | 
               | << Telling the Proud Boys to stand by rather than stand
               | down
               | 
               | You have something there, but again not much to go after
               | unless you want to argue actions vs words.
               | 
               | << There comes a time when we have look past the mob-
               | boss-need-for-explicit wording schtick and recognize a
               | space as a space.
               | 
               | Listen, rules exist for a reason. You break those rules
               | and you deal with consequences of that break. If Trump
               | did not break those rules and you think those rules do
               | not meet the current needs, then you may want to change
               | those rules, but arguing 'well, he is guilty of
               | something' is a little silly and, frankly, against the
               | very foundation of this country.
               | 
               | The funny thing is, you clearly recognize the 'exact
               | wording' issue as an obstacle to put him away.
               | 
               | [1]https://www.wsj.com/video/trump-full-speech-at-dc-
               | rally-on-j...
        
           | Buttons840 wrote:
           | > "The President is not above the law."
           | 
           | What does that even mean if it's impossible to prosecute the
           | President? What does that even mean?
        
             | abduhl wrote:
             | There is a distinction to be drawn between The President
             | (the office) and the President (the person). The latter is
             | not above the law with respect to all criminal
             | prosecutions. The former is.
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | Note, the case before the court was whether or not a
               | _person_ could be prosecuted (Donald Trump specifically),
               | the court said no.
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | No, the Court said that the President could not be
               | prosecuted for actions that the President takes while
               | being The President. If the President is not being The
               | President then they can be prosecuted. If the President
               | beats his/her wife/husband, then they can be prosecuted
               | because that's not something The President is involved
               | in.
        
               | Muromec wrote:
               | So if the President calls another official over the
               | secure line and tasks them to falsify election results
               | and then prevents the transcript from going into the
               | archive, how do you even get em? Practically speaking.
               | That's the problem, that's how it works -- use the office
               | immunity, plausible deniability and procedure rules to
               | your advantage. Making it so is asking for trouble, just
               | waiting to be abused the hell of.
               | 
               | It's the same things cops do, jeez.
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | idk man, probably the same way that they get mafia bosses
               | who write their plans on little pieces of paper that are
               | given to henchmen who then burn them
               | 
               | I understand your point and I'm not saying it's a great
               | spot to land at, but I don't understand how the country's
               | President can function if it were any other way. It's not
               | just about Donald Trump, it's about 1 through 44 and 46
               | through whatever number we get to before this whole place
               | burns down.
        
               | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
               | Then that would be a violation of the Presidential
               | Records Act (1981) and they could be prosecuted.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Records_Act
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | They could just argue the PRA is impeding their ability
               | to communicate with the people within the executive
               | branch and are thus immune to the punishments of the PRA.
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | You missed the part where the Supreme Court granted the
               | president immunity.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | The court only said that a specific thing (him directing
               | the justice department to look into the election) was an
               | official act. The _person_ is _presumptively_ immune from
               | prosecution for _official acts under the constitution_.
               | 
               | I mean, it's still really bad, but a few slivers less bad
               | than you say :P
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | So as long as you use government employees you can do
               | anything?
               | 
               | Like if you want to do a coup, as long as you task the
               | army with removing congress it's an official act?
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Nobody is talking about prosecuting _the office_ whatever
               | the hell that would mean.
        
             | ddtaylor wrote:
             | I think it means that he is liable for anything he does
             | that is illegal if those illegal things aren't powers
             | granted by the legislature.
             | 
             | If the president air strikes people and uses drone strikes
             | using whatever system congress has said that makes that
             | "okay" then he cannot be prosecuted for murder while
             | authorizing and ultimately conducting drone strikes (in
             | most circumstances).
             | 
             | However, if the president is having is own feud with some
             | guy he doesn't like and finds a way to get him drone
             | struck, that would not be covered by immunity because he
             | wasn't acting as president in that capacity in any legally
             | recognized way.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | > I think it means that he is liable for anything he does
               | that is illegal if those illegal things aren't powers
               | granted by the legislature.
               | 
               | Many disputes about presidential actions are about what
               | the constitution allows.
               | 
               | The majority said In dividing official from unofficial
               | conduct, courts may not inquire into the President's
               | motives. Nor may courts deem an action unofficial merely
               | because it allegedly violates a generally applicable
               | law.[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2
               | pg.pdf
        
               | OgsyedIE wrote:
               | There's one crucial flaw. What is and is not covered by
               | immunity can only be decided by a court, after the fact.
               | 
               | Intimidating the court into ruling in your favor with
               | guns to their heads is an official act until the court
               | says it isn't official, but the court can't say it isn't
               | offical, because they've got guns to their heads.
        
               | argiopetech wrote:
               | That crucial flaw is the fundamental structure of our
               | legal system. It's why case law is a valued and necessary
               | part of our legal doctrine. Humans are bad at predicting
               | the future, and attempts to write prescient laws often
               | end with significant loopholes that must be corrected
               | after the fact.
               | 
               | That this system fails to work when it's axioms are
               | ignored (i.e. in the stated case of a coup) cannot be
               | construed as a failure of common law or an indictment on
               | its 950+ years of success. Such act would be a failure of
               | the Executive solely.
               | 
               | The founder's stated intent for resolving such a
               | situation is why we have the 2nd amendment.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | It doesn't matter. In the case where the president is
               | using military force against political opponents it
               | doesn't matter what the law says anyway.
        
               | Almondsetat wrote:
               | There's one crucial flaw: you could neutralize the
               | president in such a patently extreme situation and be
               | acquitted by the jury
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | These days I wouldn't expect anyone who makes an attempt
               | to "neutralize the president" to live long enough to see
               | the inside of a courtroom
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | It aims to be "rules for thee but not for me", and the
               | court's choice of who they hold to the rules. It's a more
               | realistic and relevant flaw.
        
               | Muromec wrote:
               | >However, if the president is having is own feud with
               | some guy he doesn't like and finds a way to get him drone
               | struck, that would not be covered by immunity because he
               | wasn't acting as president in that capacity in any
               | legally recognized way.
               | 
               | When it comes to it, this exact thing will be covered by
               | immunity because of how things work.
        
               | plandis wrote:
               | > However, if the president is having is own feud with
               | some guy he doesn't like and finds a way to get him drone
               | struck, that would not be covered by immunity because he
               | wasn't acting as president in that capacity in any
               | legally recognized way.
               | 
               | Why not? US presidents have murdered US citizens abroad
               | with drones. All he needs to do is claim he did it under
               | national security. SCOTUS explicitly calls out that the
               | presidents motives are immaterial for determining
               | immunity or not.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | And we have a way to deal with that. It's called
               | impeachment and is the process by which one tries a
               | sitting president for things that are part of his/her
               | official powers. Impeachment is not a legal process but a
               | political one. Congress can try a President for anything
               | at any time, if they can muster enough votes for it.
               | That's what the Supreme Court has said before --
               | Congress's motivations for impeachment are above any
               | judicial oversight.
        
               | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
               | that sounds not totally crazy until you realize that
               | you've just said that the president can kill all Congress
               | members who think that killing Congress members is an
               | impeachable offense
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | That was always true.
               | 
               | EDIT: to clarify: Any president up until now, and from
               | now going forward, has the power to command his generals
               | to murder every senator, justice, and governor. Of
               | course, American soldiers take an oath to the
               | constitution, so hopefully this wouldn't happen, but he
               | _could_. Moreover, anyone can  'just' murder all living
               | politicians and declare themselves king. This is hardly a
               | theoretical scenario to concern oneself over.
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | I'm sad that we've made it to these kind of specious
               | defenses being offered in a serious response.
        
               | stvltvs wrote:
               | Impeachment as currently written has been proven over and
               | over to be a paper tiger. We need real remedies, not
               | theoretical ones.
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | Then why were lawmakers claiming impeachment was
               | inappropriate for January 6, and rather it should be a
               | criminal matter?
               | 
               | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-immunity-
               | former...
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | I would imagine two reasons.
               | 
               | (1) before today, there was no solid answer to what
               | immunity a president may have
               | 
               | (2) it's unclear whether 'January 6' is an 'official' act
               | (or even Trump's act at all, as he was not involved,
               | denounced the rioters immediately, and called for a
               | peaceful assembly)
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | "Not involved" despite telling the crowd to "fight like
               | hell" and conspiring to have metal detectors removed?
               | 
               | 'Immediately' as in many hours after violence started,
               | and his own children begged him to do something?
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Impeachment doesn't actually deal with it at all. It's
               | basically impossible to impeach anyone with the way
               | politics is polarized these days, plus the only result is
               | that the president is removed. They don't actually face
               | any consequences for their actions as the Supreme Court
               | is saying they can't be prosecuted even after leaving
               | office.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | > It's basically impossible to impeach anyone with the
               | way politics is polarized these days
               | 
               | That's because no president has committed any supposed
               | crime of any importance.
               | 
               | Nixon probably did, but resigned anyway, and was then
               | pardoned, so it doesn't really matter.
               | 
               | Clinton was a technicality, and never removed from
               | office, and no one cares really. Lewinsky is a celebrity
               | now.
               | 
               | Trump... well the first one was obviously political (many
               | Presidents deny foreign aid, etc... it's part of foreign
               | policy. Biden is famously on tape as admitting to doing
               | the exact same thing) and the second one was on thin ice
               | as Trump explicitly called for peace
        
               | kybernetikos wrote:
               | He wasn't impeached for denying foreign aid, he was
               | impeached for making the aid conditional on helping him
               | personally in his campaign for re-election. A fairly
               | obvious case of corruption.
               | 
               | "Using the powers of his high office, President Trump
               | solicited the interference of a foreign government,
               | Ukraine, in the 2020 United States Presidential election.
               | He did so through a scheme or course of conduct that
               | included soliciting the Government of Ukraine to publicly
               | announce investigations that would benefit his
               | reelection, harm the election prospects of a political
               | opponent, and influence the 2020 United States
               | Presidential election to his advantage. President Trump
               | also sought to pressure the Government of Ukraine to take
               | these steps by conditioning official United States
               | Government acts of significant value to Ukraine on its
               | public announcement of the investigations."
        
               | kybernetikos wrote:
               | I think that swapping a legal process guaranteeing my
               | rights for a political process guaranteeing* my rights is
               | a poor trade.
               | 
               | I thought the USA was a country of laws, not kings.
               | 
               | * actually guaranteeing that if the president is
               | trampling my rights and a supermajority of congress don't
               | like it, he'll be ejected from office, not anything to do
               | with my protection or restitution.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | > I thought the USA was a country of laws, not kings.
               | 
               | It is. The 'official' duties of presidents and the
               | federal government are clearly laid out in the
               | Constitution and subsequent laws. And moreover, the
               | Presidents term expires at the end of four years, whether
               | he believes it does or not. The concern-trolling over Jan
               | 6 is something else. Even supposing the rioters had
               | murderous intent and were going to hang people (they
               | weren't... this was just a protest gone wrong)... trump
               | would still cease to be president on January 20. No
               | action needs to be taken to elect another one. The
               | Presidency would fall to whomever is next in line and
               | duly elected.
               | 
               | There is no way for a President to become a 'king'. The
               | most years a President may serve is eight and at midnight
               | on January 20 (or noon, I forget), no one listens to him
               | anymore
               | 
               | > * actually guaranteeing that if the president is
               | trampling my rights and a supermajority of congress don't
               | like it, he'll be ejected from office, not anything to do
               | with my protection or restitution.
               | 
               | Currently, the recourse you have if you believe the
               | president is violating _your_ rights is to file a civil
               | action in a federal court. No action of congress is
               | needed for you to do this. If your complaint is that
               | SCOTUS, as the court of final appeal, may get your case
               | wrong... indeed that is worrisome and indeed it 's
               | happened before, but if that's your complaint, then it
               | has nothing to do with _this_ case.
        
               | px43 wrote:
               | Trump also very publicly ordered the extra-judicial
               | execution of US citizen Michael Reinoehl, after which he
               | murdered by US Marshals in Lacey, Washington. He brags
               | about this all the time, even in the first presidential
               | debate in 2020.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killings_of_Aaron_Danielson
               | _an...
        
               | space_fountain wrote:
               | No the court was clear that motivation can not be used to
               | divide official and unofficial behavior:
               | 
               | > In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts
               | may not inquire into the President's motives. Such a
               | "highly intrusive" inquiry would risk exposing even the
               | most obvious instances of official conduct to judicial
               | examination on the mere allegation of improper purpose.
               | Fitzgerald, 457 U. S., at 756. Nor may courts deem an
               | action unofficial merely because it allegedly violates a
               | generally applicable law. Otherwise, Presidents would be
               | subject to trial on "every allegation that an action was
               | unlawful," depriving immunity of its intended effect.
        
               | sgc wrote:
               | So it's not really immunity they are after, but super-
               | immunity. It's not enough that he should be found not
               | guilty in most or almost all cases, but that he should
               | not even be accused, even have his actions inspected or
               | judged. They have done away with the right to discovery,
               | and covered the executive in an almost impenetrable veil.
               | That is just royalty with extra steps.
        
               | space_fountain wrote:
               | I think that's a bit unclear. They have this standard
               | where things that are part of a presidents "core
               | constitutional powers" enjoy absolute immunity and
               | anything else enjoys "at least presumptive immunity". I
               | think this hints that some members of the court wanted to
               | go further, but anyway I'm not quite sure what
               | "presumptive immunity" means in the context of the law,
               | but I think this quote gives the most clarity for me.
               | 
               | > unless the Government can show that applying a criminal
               | prohibition to that act would pose no "dangers of
               | intrusion on the authority and functions of the Executive
               | Branch." Fitzgerald, 457 U. S., at 754. Pp. 12-15.
               | 
               | This seems to be the real boundary. To show something
               | doesn't have immunity you either have to:
               | 
               | 1. Show it was an unofficial act
               | 
               | 2. Show it wasn't part of the core presidential powers
               | and that prosecuting it wouldn't have any danger of
               | intruding intruding on "the authority and functions of
               | the Executive Branch."
               | 
               | I think that last standard is related to presidential
               | immunity from subpoena which courts have also recently
               | construed quite broadly
        
               | sgc wrote:
               | The part of the text you quoted that really sent shivers
               | down my spine was:
               | 
               | > Nor may courts deem an action unofficial merely because
               | it allegedly violates a generally applicable law.
               | 
               | So now the president can clearly break the law, and he
               | _cannot be questioned_ about it if it even remotely looks
               | like maybe it could have been an official act? Surely,
               | the correct ruling wold be that anything illegal is
               | intrinsically not an official act, otherwise we wind up
               | where the institution of the government is not bound by
               | its founding documents. The executive branch of the
               | government is a rogue entity with nothing to restrain it,
               | as long as the president remembers to use a pompous
               | looking stamp. For * _certainly you can never show it was
               | an unofficial act if you are not allowed to investigate
               | because it is presumed an official act subject to
               | absolute immunity *_.
               | 
               | Mark my words. The next republican president will shut
               | down any and all attempts to even question him or view
               | documents, by preempting the investigation using this as
               | his argument. And shortly later they will, most likely,
               | start disbarring and / or incarcerating anybody who
               | attempts to investigate him for "frivolous" persecutions
               | that impede the executive branch. This ruling is very
               | calculated, since they know Biden will not abuse his
               | powers because of it, but there is an almost unstoppable
               | amount of latent power that will be immediately abused by
               | the next president.
        
               | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
               | Unfortunately, the majority decision has the sentence >
               | At a minimum, the President must be immune from
               | prosecution for an official act unless the Government can
               | show that applying a criminal prohibition to that act
               | would pose no "dangers of intrusion on the authority and
               | functions of the Executive Branch.
               | 
               | Since imprisoning the president would obviously intrude
               | on the functions of the Executive branch, it really looks
               | like the majority opinion is that no president may be
               | prosecuted for any "official act".
        
             | ajross wrote:
             | It means, cynically, that the president _may_ be prosecuted
             | if the courts deem the action  "unofficial" and not
             | otherwise. Which is to say that the court has removed
             | checks and balances for the case where the SCOTUS and
             | Executive branch are held by the same party.
             | 
             | Cleary, _clearly_ this was a partisan decision. They can 't
             | just say "We Have a King Now", so they dressed up just
             | enough of a reasonable interpretation to be able to kill
             | _this particular prosecution_ , while allowing themselves
             | wiggle room to prosecute the kings they don't like. They
             | aren't really trying to uncork executive abuse, they really
             | hope it doesn't happen. But they want Trump not to be
             | prosecuted, and put their fingers on the scale with what
             | they hope is just enough pressure. We'll see.
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | Exactly. They needed to come up with a decision which
               | would give them the power to decide this case in the way
               | they preferred, but also to decide future cases
               | completely differently, for example in the case of a
               | Democratic president.
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | It's not impossible to prosecute a president though. If he
             | commits murder... that's not an official act. It's not part
             | of the duties of his office in any reasonable take.
             | 
             | Or, if the President uses his powers to assassinate a
             | governor -- again, explicitly not an official act, as the
             | president has no authority over state elections.
             | 
             | If anyone bothered to read the constitution, it clearly
             | lays out the sorts of things that could be construed as
             | official, and the sorts of things that are not. The
             | President does not have unlimited authority. His scope of
             | authority is rather small, even if several important things
             | fall under it. Part of the problem is the pervasive idea in
             | American electoral politics that the president has some
             | sort of power to 'promise' various laws and such. It's so
             | silly since no President can possibly do that.
        
               | tines wrote:
               | > If he commits murder... that's not an official act.
               | 
               | Not true, it depends on how he does it. If he hacks
               | someone to death with a sword, that's not an official
               | act, and it doesn't matter why he does it. But if he
               | orders Seal Team 6 to assassinate a political rival, that
               | is an official act. This example is specifically stated
               | in the dissenting opinion.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | > But if he orders Seal Team 6 to assassinate a political
               | rival, that is an official act. This example is
               | specifically stated in the dissenting opinion.
               | 
               | One of the key things about a dissent, is that it's not
               | the opinion of the court, but just that judge.
               | 
               | In general, one would hope Seal Team 6 would not follow
               | such an act as they owe allegiance to our system of laws
               | before any presidential order.
        
               | tines wrote:
               | > One of the key things about a dissent, is that it's not
               | the opinion of the court, but just that judge.
               | 
               | Can you find anything in the opinion of the court that
               | would preclude it? I can't.
               | 
               | > In general, one would hope Seal Team 6 would not follow
               | such an act as they owe allegiance to our system of laws
               | before any presidential order.
               | 
               | It's a strange world we live in where a president can
               | order something illegal but not face any consequences. I
               | suppose you could argue we already lived in such a world,
               | but now the difference is that he can brazenly do it.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | > It's a strange world we live in where a president can
               | order something illegal but not face any consequences. I
               | suppose you could argue we already lived in such a world,
               | but now the difference is that he can brazenly do it.
               | 
               | We always lived in such a world. I know you might think
               | the court did this to protect Trump, but realistically,
               | the one who's more protected (since murder is a much
               | worse crime than anything Trump's been accused of) is
               | Obama, who ordered the murder of an American citizen by
               | the American military.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what your standard of brazen is, but since
               | he basically got not even a threat of impeachment for
               | that, I'm going to go with that being much more brazen.
               | 
               | Not that I particularly care. Obama made the right call
               | IMO.
               | 
               | EDIT: Here's an article in which the ACLU raises the same
               | hypothetical concern you do (the president will now be
               | able to kill whomever):
               | https://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-drone-
               | memo...
        
               | tines wrote:
               | > I'm not sure what your standard of brazen is
               | 
               | Ordering the assassination of an American citizen not
               | caught in the act of doing something illegal is illegal
               | and Obama should be prosecuted for that. But his
               | justification was that it was for national security, and
               | as you say, some people think that's a fine
               | justification. If his justification were that he didn't
               | like the cut of his jib, then you'd be against it I
               | assume.
               | 
               | As things lie now, rationale and justification don't
               | matter in determining whether something is prosecutable
               | or not, and that's scary, to me at least.
               | 
               | EDIT: Also, did you see my question from an earlier post:
               | 
               | >> One of the key things about a dissent, is that it's
               | not the opinion of the court, but just that judge.
               | 
               | > Can you find anything in the opinion of the court that
               | would preclude it? I can't.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | > If anyone bothered to read the constitution, it clearly
               | lays out the sorts of things that could be construed as
               | official, and the sorts of things that are not.
               | 
               | 6 members of the Supreme Court said Distinguishing the
               | President's official actions from his unofficial ones can
               | be difficult.[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2
               | pg.pdf
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | If law weren't difficult, there would be no lawyers.
        
               | sharpshadow wrote:
               | Exactly and all the things which he has to just sign also
               | fall under official, even if he was just briefed quickly
               | on it and does not have a clue what's going on.
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | Ok, so what happens when the president says something
               | along the lines of 'will no one rid me of this
               | troublesome congressman' and then turns around and
               | pardons the secret service agent that pulls the trigger?
               | 
               | Technically, the murder is illegal, but the pardon is
               | legal because it's 'part of his official duties'.
               | 
               | There are any number of ways this can be abused.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | Presidents _can already_ pardon people who murder their
               | political opponents. Famously, the Reconstruction-era
               | presidents pardonned every single confederate so as not
               | to divide the country further and increase tensions.
               | 
               | You are clutching pearls over something that is already
               | allowed. Like I said, Congress can impeach a president
               | who does this if they don't like it.
               | 
               | Moreover, a president can't pardon state level offenses
               | anyway, and I would imagine the murder would have to take
               | place in a state. The state could simply retry the case.
               | States have much more discretion in the sorts of things
               | they can criminalize.
        
             | WheatMillington wrote:
             | Why do you think it's impossible to prosecute the
             | president?
        
             | _heimdall wrote:
             | I believe the best clarificstion there is that you have to
             | consider the person and the office separately. When acting
             | as the president and largely executing his duties as
             | defined by Congress and the Constitution, he can't be
             | charged. If the person does something outside of the
             | office's powers then immunity doesn't hold.
             | 
             | Meaning, if the president shoots a random bystander on the
             | street they can be charged with murder. If the president
             | orders a military strike as part of an official operation
             | and done through proper channels, they can't be charged if
             | it later turns out the intel was bad or the strike went
             | wrong in some way.
        
               | burutthrow1234 wrote:
               | What if the President orders the Vice President to shoot
               | someone in the street?
               | 
               | What if the President signs an Executive Order directing
               | himself to shoot someone in the street?
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | Sounds reasonable, but that's not what the court decided.
        
             | umvi wrote:
             | It means:
             | 
             | On the one hand: if you are president and you authorize the
             | nuclear bombings of Nagasaki and Hiroshima to get Japan to
             | surrender without further loss of American life, you won't
             | later be prosecuted for war crimes when your political
             | rival comes into power.
             | 
             | On the other hand, if you are president and you murder a
             | Japanese person you see on the street when going for a
             | stroll outside the white house, you can be prosecuted for
             | that.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | It's worth considering the case of Anwar al-Awlaki, an
           | American citizen, that was killed by Obama outside of a
           | combat zone. (I'm avoiding the word "assassinated" because it
           | seems overly charged.)
           | 
           | In theory, some prosector could have decided to charge Obama
           | with a crime, and maybe even achieved a conviction in a
           | jurisdiction where he's unpopular.
           | 
           | This decision says that shouldn't happen because it was an
           | official act as president.
           | 
           | Of course, if congress doesn't like something a president is
           | doing, they can change the laws and remove his or her legal
           | authority to do something.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki
        
             | demosthanos wrote:
             | > if congress doesn't like something a president is doing,
             | they can change the laws and remove his or her legal
             | authority to do something.
             | 
             | Yep. The ruling says that if the President is acting within
             | the legally and constitutionally defined scope of their
             | duties then they shouldn't have to wonder if they'll later
             | be prosecuted for it.
             | 
             | That seems fine on its face, but the problem people keep
             | raising is that we live in a world where the President is
             | legally empowered to do things that are _seriously_
             | problematic. That 's a very real concern, and it's been a
             | concern at the very least since Bush and 9/11.
             | 
             | So the obvious answer to this ruling is to fix that. The
             | President shouldn't have to wonder if they'll end up
             | prosecuted for doing things that are within the scope of
             | their official duties, so what we need to do is more
             | clearly define and limit those official duties so that the
             | President doesn't have to _guess_ what will be seen as
             | crossing an imaginary line when the administration changes.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | > That seems fine on its face, but the problem people
               | keep raising is that we live in a world where the
               | President is legally empowered to do things that are
               | seriously problematic. That's a very real concern, and
               | it's been a concern at the very least since Bush and
               | 9/11.
               | 
               | I agree with you - it's not like Bush has been held
               | accountable in any way. Neither has Cheney, and we know
               | Rumsfeld never will. Congress needs to get off its' duff
               | and regulate. That requires people to organize to make
               | them. I'm not seeing it happen.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | > Congress needs to get off its' duff and regulate.
               | 
               | Congress granted the Bush administration broad powers.
               | The problem is not inaction.
        
               | doctorpangloss wrote:
               | > and we know Rumsfeld never will
               | 
               | You mean because he has been dead for 3 years?
        
               | afiori wrote:
               | This is the obvious answer to any supreme court ruling
               | you want to change: congress can simply change the
               | law/constitution.
               | 
               | A giant part of the issue of commonlaw systems is that so
               | much of the "law" is not laws but rulings and those are a
               | lot easier to change/ignore/overrule.
        
               | burutthrow1234 wrote:
               | "Change the law" versus "change the constitution" are two
               | very different things.
               | 
               | The US couldn't pass the ERA, which just enshrines
               | women's rights in the Constitution. Anything more
               | controversial like "the President can't do extrajudicial
               | murders" would be an endless partisan battle
        
               | afiori wrote:
               | I am not saying that they are easy to do, but it is their
               | power to wield.
        
               | randombits0 wrote:
               | No. The remedy Congress has is impeachment, not "change
               | the Constitution". Even if Congress could easily change
               | the Constitution (they can't), it would not apply to
               | actions taken previous to the change.
        
               | afiori wrote:
               | Whether laws can be applied retroactively is decided by
               | the constitution :)
               | 
               | But yes, what I meant is that the supreme court has the
               | power to interpret the law and uphold the constitution,
               | but it is on the legislation to draft precise laws.
        
               | kybernetikos wrote:
               | > The ruling says that if the President is acting within
               | the legally and constitutionally defined scope of their
               | duties then they shouldn't have to wonder if they'll
               | later be prosecuted for it.
               | 
               | The other big problem is how do you resolve a question of
               | whether the president is acting within the legally and
               | constitutionally defined scope of their duties? If there
               | is a presumption of immunity and precluded from examining
               | motive, it may be nearly impossible to establish the
               | facts in cases where the president is acting improperly.
        
               | doctorpangloss wrote:
               | > If there is a presumption of immunity, it may be nearly
               | impossible to establish the facts in cases where the
               | president is acting improperly.
               | 
               | Well yeah that's true. But uh, you are talking lawyer
               | talk with a set of opinions, insincerely held, because
               | they are most concerned with "owning the libs" above
               | everything else.
        
             | pseudalopex wrote:
             | > Of course, if congress doesn't like something a president
             | is doing, they can change the laws and remove his or her
             | legal authority to do something.
             | 
             | Maybe.[1]
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_executive_theory#
             | Judic...
        
             | so_delphi wrote:
             | I guess this hypothetical scenario is not entirely relevant
             | since the killing happened outside of U.S jurisdiction.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | No, US citizens do not lose their rights to a trial
               | because they're not in the US.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | I know this is what you're saying but just to head any
               | other knee-jerk responses, US citizens do not lose their
               | rights to a trial _in the US, for breaking a US law_ ,
               | because they happen to be outside of the US.
               | 
               | Relatedly, when the question is "is this person protected
               | by the Constitution," imagine a Venn diagram where one
               | circle is "US citizens" and the other circle is "human
               | being physically present within the United States."
               | Debate over the 100-mile "border zone" notwithstanding,
               | the entire thing is filled in. If you are a US citizen
               | anywhere, or a person inside the US, you have all the
               | Constitutional rights.
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | It does change whoever might have standing to sue the
               | President over it, let alone to put him in jail.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | The case of Anwar al-Awlaki is exactly the kind of case
             | where I think the president should face criminal liability
             | for murder. Although, as he was murdered in a foreign
             | country, no court in the US has jurisdiction for the
             | president to be prosecuted; but if he had been murdered on
             | US soil, it would be absolutely appropriate for a jury to
             | decide whether or not it is justifiable for the president
             | to order the death of somebody merely for speaking the
             | wrong words.
             | 
             | Another topic that hasn't come up quite as much is the fact
             | that this is an immunity proposition, not a defense. What
             | SCOTUS is saying is that we aren't permitted to even ask if
             | the president is _reasonable_ in his beliefs; any trial on
             | the merits is completely and totally foreclosed--that 's
             | what immunity means. Just a few days ago, SCOTUS decided
             | that it's absolutely important that administrative law
             | procedures need to go through the step of being heard by a
             | jury trial, and now here it's saying that it's absolutely
             | important that the president never be burdened by the
             | prospect of having to have a jury weigh their actions.
             | 
             | It's just... really galling that SCOTUS would decide that
             | the constitution requires that the president be a king
             | above the law, exactly the sort of thing that England
             | fought a few civil wars over before the US even sought its
             | independence.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | > as he was murdered in a foreign country, no court in
               | the US has jurisdiction for the president to be
               | prosecuted
               | 
               | You're underestimating the creativity of prosecutors. :)
               | 
               | For example, they could have charged him with conspiracy
               | to commit murder in any location where Obama met with
               | others to discuss killing al-Awlaki.
               | 
               | Or a future president, like Trump, could have pressured a
               | federal prosecutors to bring charges in Federal Court,
               | since they can bring charges for crimes committed against
               | Americans globally.
        
               | BeFlatXIII wrote:
               | > no court in the US has jurisdiction for the president
               | to be prosecuted
               | 
               | Nevermind that the order was given by a US official,
               | presumably on US soil.
        
               | overboard2 wrote:
               | Wikipedia says he was a higher up in al-Qaeda. All things
               | considered, it doesn't seem like that much of a human
               | rights violation.
        
             | asveikau wrote:
             | > Of course, if congress doesn't like something a president
             | is doing, they can change the laws and remove his or her
             | legal authority to do something.
             | 
             | No, the supreme court just gave the president immunity for
             | exactly this. This exact scenario is quoted upthread:
             | 
             | > Congress may not criminalize the President's conduct in
             | carrying out the responsibilities of the Executive Branch
             | under the Constitution.
             | 
             | It's curious because this would also seem to legalize the
             | Watergate scandal and Nixon's famous line "if the president
             | does it, its not illegal".
        
               | imzadi wrote:
               | Nah, watergate happened before Nixon was even president.
        
               | asveikau wrote:
               | That's not true. He was a sitting president, elected in
               | 1968, and a bunch of the scandal was about his re-
               | election campaign in 1972. He was successfully re-elected
               | to a second term but then those events caught up with him
               | over the following two years, causing him to resign in
               | 1974.
        
             | burutthrow1234 wrote:
             | I can't tell what your stance is on the al-Awlaki
             | assassination? If the leader of a country orders an extra-
             | judicial killing, especially of one of their own citizens,
             | that seems like it deserves criminal penalties.
             | 
             | People get very judgemental when Putin assassinates
             | defectors, but when Obama does it it's ok?
        
             | CydeWeys wrote:
             | > This decision says that shouldn't happen because it was
             | an official act as president.
             | 
             | And of course, if it's something that the Supreme Court
             | wants a president to face consequences for for partisan
             | reasons, they can simply use their majority to say that
             | whatever they didn't like was not an official act.
        
           | bbor wrote:
           | Yeah but isn't "the president has presumptive immunity for
           | any act done in the service of the executive" and "the
           | president can order military executions with immunity" kinda
           | the same assertion, assuming "presumptive" is allowed to do
           | its work? What's the difference? I don't understand how you
           | could possibly argue political violence by the executive is
           | "personal", when they claim it's done in the service of their
           | oath...
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | No because "presumptive" isn't as strong as you think it
             | is. All defendants have the same presumptive innocence and
             | yet are convicted much more often than not at trial.
        
               | harywilke wrote:
               | But presumption of immunity is different from presumption
               | of innocence. You can't face a trial if you are immune.
               | That's the entire reason this is before the court now,
               | before the trial has even started. They are very
               | different things. The presumption of immunity here is way
               | stronger than you realize.
        
           | kristjansson wrote:
           | I don't think that's the dispositive part of the opinion for
           | Sotomayor's hypo though. Roberts finds that the President
           | enjoy absolute immunity for acts that can be construed as
           | part of the "conclusive and preclusive authority" of the
           | Presidency, and presumptive immunity for acts within the
           | 'outer perimeter' of their authority. Furthermore:
           | 
           | > In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts may
           | not inquire into the President's motives.
           | 
           | So the hypo cannot be trivially resolved by treating the kill
           | order as an unofficial act. Instead, for the president to be
           | _criminally_ liable, I think (as not-a-lawyer) it has to be
           | resolved by piercing 'presumptive immunity' for actions
           | beyond the core powers. While there's a needle to thread, it
           | feels disturbingly narrow.
        
             | demosthanos wrote:
             | As noted by nostramo [0], Obama already set the precedent
             | of ordering hits on US citizens. The answer to Sotomayor's
             | concern here seems pretty obvious: if we're concerned that
             | the President can order hits on US citizens for invalid
             | reasons, then we need to be very clear in the laws that
             | ordering hits on US citizens without due process is not
             | within the President's official authority.
             | 
             | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40849378
        
               | jhp123 wrote:
               | The President's authority to command the armed forces
               | comes directly from the Constitution, Congress can't pass
               | a law to take that away.
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | This is an extra fun opinion because it lets the court
           | selectively interpret which acts are official and which are
           | not. If it's a politician they agree with ideologically all
           | their acts are official. If not, the offending acts are
           | clearly unofficial.
           | 
           | The silence from the people who once decried the 'activist
           | court' now that it's an ally of the slow fascist
           | transformation is deafening.
        
             | space_fountain wrote:
             | I also think this is an interesting contrast with the
             | decision to overrule Chevron from just a few days ago.
             | There it was decided that executive agencies have no
             | authority to interpret unclear statutes, under the
             | constitution this was kind of a power grab from the
             | executive to the courts. The conservative movement general
             | sees government agencies deriving all their powers from the
             | president, so it's a bit funny that they would decide this
             | first case to give agencies no wiggle room in their
             | interpretation of the law and this next one to give the
             | president maximum wiggle room. It kind of makes you wonder
        
           | jampekka wrote:
           | "It's not illegal when the president does it."
        
             | moshun wrote:
             | Turns out Nixon won the battle for an American dictatorship
             | after all. Well played, Dick.
        
           | diob wrote:
           | Given how the Republicans treat pardons (see https://en.wikip
           | edia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair#Par...) I think we
           | can all guess how this will be used in reality.
        
           | lumb63 wrote:
           | I think and hope that the results of this ruling will be less
           | extreme than the dissent warns. It could potentially be very
           | bad, though. The word "official" is doing a lot of lifting in
           | this ruling. If it is not interpreted too liberally, then
           | perhaps not that much is "official" and thus immune. If it is
           | interpreted the other way, then this could be bad.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | > The President enjoys no immunity for his unofficial acts,
           | and not everything the President does is official. The
           | President is not above the law. But Congress may not
           | criminalize the President's conduct in carrying out the
           | responsibilities of the Executive Branch under the
           | Constitution.
           | 
           | That seems like the majority opinion agrees.
           | 
           | It'd be hard to argue that commanding the military wasn't an
           | official act of the president under the Constitution even if
           | that command was to Navy's Seal Team 6 asking them to
           | assassinate a political rival for reasons of "national
           | security"
        
         | blue_dragon wrote:
         | My naive assumption is that ordering Seal Team 6 to assassinate
         | a political rival is not an official nor constitutionally
         | authorized power, and thus would be prosecutable.
        
           | saucetenuto wrote:
           | Guess again! Roberts explicitly calls out orders to the
           | military as covered by absolute immunity. EDIT: and motive is
           | explicitly barred from review too.
        
             | thih9 wrote:
             | Do you have a source? I didn't find this in the article,
             | could you add a quote - or link if it's from elsewhere?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.p
               | df
               | 
               | Page 14 notes that the President's official
               | responsibilities "include, for instance, commanding the
               | Armed Forces of the United States; granting reprieves and
               | pardons for offenses against the United States; and ap-
               | pointing public ministers and consuls, the Justices of
               | this Court, and Officers of the United States."
               | 
               | Page 17 states "We thus conclude that the President is
               | absolutely immune from criminal prosecution for conduct
               | within his exclusive sphere of constitutional authority."
               | 
               | Page 26 states "In dividing official from unofficial
               | conduct, courts may not inquire into the President's
               | motives."
        
               | saucetenuto wrote:
               | thank you, friend
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | > Page 14 notes that the President's official
               | responsibilities "include, for instance, commanding the
               | Armed Forces of the United States; granting reprieves and
               | pardons for offenses against the United States; and ap-
               | pointing public ministers and consuls, the Justices of
               | this Court, and Officers of the United States."
               | 
               | Right below that it clarifies
               | 
               | > If the President claims authority to act but in fact
               | exercises mere "individual will" and "authority without
               | law," the courts may say so. Youngstown, 343 U. S., at
               | 655 (Jackson, J., concurring). In Youngstown, for
               | instance, we held that President Truman exceeded his
               | constitutional authority when he seized most of the
               | Nation's steel mills. See id., at 582-589 (majority
               | opinion). But once it is determined that the President
               | acted within the scope of his exclusive authority, his
               | discretion in exercising such authority cannot be subject
               | to further judicial examination.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Seal Team Six is pretty clearly not a privately held
               | steel mill; Truman was fairly clearly not the Commander
               | in Chief of US Steel.
        
               | beej71 wrote:
               | > If the President claims authority to act but in fact
               | exercises mere "individual will" and "authority without
               | law," the courts may say so.
               | 
               | I suggest that courts might be _reluctant_ to make such a
               | finding with Seal Team 6 visiting their homes at 3 AM.
               | 
               | I pray when Trump is reelected he makes no such moves.
        
               | BadHumans wrote:
               | He has already pledged revenge should he win reelection.
               | Political opponents will be jailed and killed for his
               | supporters entertainment.
        
               | hanniabu wrote:
               | > I pray when Trump is reelected he makes no such moves.
               | 
               | project 2025
        
               | wbl wrote:
               | But Truman shouldn't have faced prosecution for that
               | should he? It was after all done to ensure victory in
               | Korea and he stopped after the court said no with
               | apparent authority when he did it. This case goes too far
               | and not far enough.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | This demonstrates where the court is drawing the lines.
               | Fascist dictatorships are fine, so long as they keep
               | their mitts away from private industry. Of course, at
               | this point, who is going to stop the President if he
               | starts seizing companies?
               | 
               | This ruling is like telling a hungry leopard, "you can
               | eat anyone except for us." The hubris of this ruling is
               | absurd. American's President Jinping won't be a
               | Federalist.
        
               | thih9 wrote:
               | Sounds like "nuke anything you want and walk away free",
               | hard to believe there would be no catch or failsafe.
               | 
               | Absurd, to the point of being hilarious. Could a
               | president use this (immunity and nukes) to become an
               | absolute ruler?
               | 
               | Edit: a failsafe is there, see sibling comment:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40849357
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | How does that interact with the Posse Comitatus Act?
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | In the military chain of command an order is only an order
             | when it is a lawful order. The president does not have any
             | power to issue an unlawful order. That would be outside of
             | his constitutional powers and not an official act.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Who gets to decide the lawfulness of the order, and what
               | physical power does the Executive have at his disposal to
               | bring to bear to tip their judgment?
        
               | anonfordays wrote:
               | >Who gets to decide the lawfulness of the order
               | 
               | Congress, through impeachment.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | The previous POTUS is accused of using his office to
               | perform a series of actions that culminated in disruption
               | of the function of Congress.
               | 
               | Several Congresspeople then concluded he could not be
               | impeached because by the time they were able to consider
               | the question, he had left office.
               | 
               | This ruling by SCOTUS suggests there is now no avenue to
               | hold such a President accountable for such actions.
               | 
               | ... and that's before we broach the question of whether
               | "Removal from the Oval Office" is sufficient punishment
               | for all manner of crime the President could commit from
               | his position of power, because that is the upper limit of
               | the effect of a Congressional impeachment. This seems to
               | give a sitting President carte blanche to throw the
               | Constitution in a wood-chipper if he can interpret it is
               | within his official acts to do so.
        
               | anonfordays wrote:
               | >The previous POTUS is accused of using his office to
               | perform a series of actions that culminated in disruption
               | of the function of Congress.
               | 
               | Yes, and was impeached for that.
               | 
               | >Several Congresspeople then concluded he could not be
               | impeached because by the time they were able to consider
               | the question, he had left office.
               | 
               | That's how checks and balances work. They may have made
               | that conclusion, but the impeachment carried on anyway
               | and failed to gain the 2/3rds majority.
               | 
               | >This ruling by SCOTUS suggests there is now no avenue to
               | hold such a President accountable for such actions.
               | 
               | It doesn't suggest that at all.
               | 
               | >whether "Removal from the Oval Office" is sufficient
               | punishment for all manner of crime the President could
               | commit from his position of power, because that is the
               | upper limit of the effect of a Congressional impeachment.
               | 
               | It's removal from office AND "the Party convicted shall
               | nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial,
               | Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.[0]" They can
               | still be found guilty for insurrection after impeachment.
               | 
               | >This seems to give a sitting President carte blanche to
               | throw the Constitution in a wood-chipper if he can
               | interpret it is within his official acts to do so.
               | 
               | That's not how it works because at the end of the day the
               | President doesn't interpret the law, and isn't shielded
               | from impeachment and justice through state/federal courts
               | as I outlined above. This is literally the majority
               | opinion. Similarly, just because a military officer
               | interprets their actions are lawful doesn't make them so.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment_in_the_Un
               | ited_St...
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | iirc every US service man/woman is empowered to disobey
               | orders. I think they call it "answering to a higher
               | authority" or something like that, granted there are
               | severe consequences for disobeying an order that turns
               | out to be lawful no matter how much you don't like it.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | The courts. Military courts have been handling this for a
               | long time. No reason civilian courts couldn't apply the
               | same standards in the case of a president.
               | 
               | If the president is able to bring physical power to bear,
               | then it matters little what the law says anyway.
        
               | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
               | The military was happy to systematically seize guns from
               | citizens in NOLA during Katrina. They will follow
               | unlawful orders to keep their dental plans active.
        
             | rpdillon wrote:
             | An important point here is that there are both legal and
             | illegal orders. Military personnel are instructed obey
             | every legal order, and disobey every illegal order (at
             | least I was).
             | 
             | In the military, we have the UCMJ that allows us to
             | prosecute those military personnel that issue illegal
             | orders. The President is the Commander-in-Chief, but he is
             | a civilian, so the UCMJ doesn't apply. I always thought he
             | would be charged under criminal law in that case, but it
             | seems that this ruling precludes that.
        
           | MOARDONGZPLZ wrote:
           | Article II of the constitution specifically gives the POTUS
           | the authority to command the armed forces. The limit is
           | declaring war, which is vested in Congress. So it seems
           | reasonable that commanding Seal Team 6 is specifically a
           | constitutionally authorized power and within an official
           | duty.
        
             | InTheArena wrote:
             | commanding seal team 6 to assassinate a sitting head of
             | state is a act of war, and only congress can declare war.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | We've made it very clear for decades that the President
               | can commit acts of war without declaring it. Syria,
               | Lybia, Iraq, Afghanistan, and dozens of other hotspots
               | around the world.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | so fix that.
        
               | Jsebast24 wrote:
               | Add Ukraine.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | What act of war has the US _directly_ committed against
               | Russia within Ukraine?
        
               | gortok wrote:
               | That hasn't stopped any president in the last 60 years
               | from using the Armed Forces to conduct a war -- or
               | "police action" -- if you prefer.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | You picked a bad example, as both Korea and Vietnam had
               | congressional authorization.
               | 
               | Obama drone wars would be the one to look at.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | But assasinating private citizens a ok? So Biden can
               | order the assassination of Trump? Even if you claim as
               | someone else that you can't violate someone's
               | constitutional rights within an official act, we have
               | already killed US citizens abroad via drone strikes. So
               | if Trump is in some foreign country we can drop an a-bomb
               | and claim it was to kill some terrorist & that's a ok?
               | 
               | The minority points out that official acts was already a
               | defense. The majority opinion here claims that it's an
               | absolute immunity and even motivation is impervious to
               | this immunity claim. This is a serious undermining of the
               | rule of law in a substantial way and paves the way for
               | the US to have a dictatorship at some point in the
               | future.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | Please go read the full ruling. That's not what it says.
               | 
               | It's an immunity only for official acts, not unofficial
               | ones.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | So first, the distinction between official acts and
               | unofficial acts isn't actually defined and even Robert's
               | admits this ambiguity is going to be a problem:
               | 
               | > Determining which acts are official and which are
               | unofficial "can be difficult," Roberts conceded. He
               | emphasized that the immunity that the court recognizes in
               | its ruling on Monday takes a broad view of what
               | constitutes a president's "official responsibilities,"
               | "covering actions so long as they are not manifestly or
               | palpably beyond his authority." In conducting the
               | official/unofficial inquiry, Roberts added, courts cannot
               | consider the president's motives, nor can they designate
               | an act as unofficial simply because it allegedly violates
               | the law.
               | 
               | https://www.scotusblog.com/2024/07/justices-rule-trump-
               | has-s...
               | 
               | Basically the President has a presumption that his
               | behavior is an official act unless it's egregiously
               | outside his powers but there's also no way to really
               | investigate it. Oh and it's also combined with the
               | unitary executive theory popular on the right which holds
               | that the president basically has absolute power over all
               | executive agencies and a growing interpretation of the
               | powers of the president (under both parties) which is a
               | scary scenario.
               | 
               | And given that the dissenting opinion from SCOTUS
               | justices literally raises the exact scenario you're
               | assuming is unofficial, so dismissing it out of hand
               | seems overly bold:
               | 
               | > The President of the United States is the most powerful
               | person in the country, and possibly the world. When he
               | uses his official powers in any way, under the majority's
               | reasoning, he now will be insulated from criminal
               | prosecution. Orders the Navy's Seal Team 6 to assassinate
               | a political rival? Immune. Organizes a military coup to
               | hold onto power? Immune. Takes a bribe in exchange for a
               | pardon? Immune. Immune, immune, immune.
               | 
               | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.p
               | df
               | 
               | You can disagree with the dissents, but even Justice
               | Barrett outlines some very serious problems with the
               | reasoning in the majority opinion while Justice Thomas
               | says they should go further and completely rule Jack
               | Smith's investigation unconstitutional outright.
        
             | treeFall wrote:
             | Being killed by the government without due process of law
             | (ie: death penalty for convicted criminals) is a clear
             | violation of your constitutional rights though, and
             | violating someone's constitutional rights (read: going
             | against the constitution) can't be an official act by
             | definition.
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | And you're are free to sue the government in that case.
               | The DOJ won't prosecute the president for ordering
               | something like that even after he leaves office..
        
               | Miner49er wrote:
               | It happened under Obama and nobody cared. I think it is
               | definitely something that could be considered an
               | "official act".
        
               | RajT88 wrote:
               | Some progressives cared, and that was about it.
               | 
               | He also passed an EO afterward which set up a legal
               | framework retroactively justifying it.
        
               | MOARDONGZPLZ wrote:
               | This is explicitly about the POTUS being immune from
               | prosecution for official acts like commanding ST6 to
               | assassinate someone. Fortunately in some cases,
               | unfortunately in others, semantic wordplay akin to "could
               | god microwave a burrito so hot even they couldn't eat it"
               | has little effect in the court system. That is to say,
               | semantic gotchas like "but actually it couldn't be an
               | official act because the very act is against the
               | constitution" have no sway.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | "Official Act" has not been defined, so who knows if
               | going against the the Constitution will count. The way
               | the law is worded it may not matter anyway, it's pretty
               | much left up to the courts to decide.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | Haven't we had Presidents order airstrikes on American
               | citizens in the Middle East before without a trial
               | because of their association with jihadist groups?
               | 
               | At a certain point the "constitutionality" doesn't
               | matter; it's hard to make a case have a meaningful
               | outcome when the plaintiff is dead.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | This is at least the second time in this thread you've
               | said something like an official act can't violate
               | someone's constitutional rights "by definition". I'm
               | wondering what definition you refer to.
               | 
               | That said, it's obviously a false statement. By your
               | argument, the president ordering flight 93 to be shot
               | down on 9/11 would not be an official act. You might now
               | retort something about extenuating circumstances, but
               | really that would only show you to be entirely wrong
               | about your original assertion.
               | 
               | I recommend you edit your posts to correct your mistake.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | You're creating an "any unconstitutional act cannot be
               | official" rule that does not appear in the ruling and is
               | contrary to tons of statute and case law. Qualified
               | immunity codifies that rights violations can be official
               | acts.
               | 
               | And as bad as today's ruling is, I think your proposed
               | rule would be worse because it would create tons of
               | liability for good faith government employees.
               | 
               | We can't have a world where it's unclear if an act is
               | official until there's some kind of review of its
               | outcome. The act itself has to be official (or not).
        
               | treeFall wrote:
               | >Qualified immunity
               | 
               | Qualified immunity is unconstitutional
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | So now we've left the land of settled law are are into
               | personal opinions. Which is fair enough, I detest
               | qualified immunity, but it is the law of the land.
        
             | sf_rob wrote:
             | And every war since Vietnam has been a police action or
             | military operation.
        
           | lenerdenator wrote:
           | Maybe, maybe not.
           | 
           | What does the judge who reviews the case think?
           | 
           | That's literally the only thing preventing that scenario from
           | playing out.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | The President is the Commander in Chief; issuing orders to
           | the military is very much an official act.
           | 
           | "But not for this! This would be clearly corrupt!" you may
           | say, but the decision addresses that as well; the President's
           | _motive_ for the  "official act" cannot be introduced as
           | evidence!
           | 
           | > In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts may
           | not inquire into the President's motives.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | It can't be used to distinguish between an official act and
             | an unofficial act. That wouldn't make sense anyway.
             | 
             | Motive can be used to defeat the presumptive immunity for
             | an official act.
        
               | ruds wrote:
               | But the immunity is only presumptive for acts within the
               | outer perimiter of the president's official
               | responsibility. For core constitutional powers, like
               | giving orders to the military, the immunity is absolute.
        
           | powersnail wrote:
           | My naive assumption would be that giving that order must fall
           | into the realm of official act. How can POTUS command the
           | military, unless acting in the capacity of their Commander in
           | Chief?
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | I'll believe it when Sotomayor actually authors an opinion that
         | defends the assassination of a political rival as an official
         | act. Sotomayor is the most bad faith Justice after Thomas.
        
         | jhp123 wrote:
         | This example came up during oral arguments, Trump's lawyer
         | agreed that assassination of a political rival could be a
         | protected official act[0]
         | 
         | [0] https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/seal-team-6-assassination-
         | hy...
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | I see a lot of people here in the comments claiming that this
         | is still knee-jerk, or silly, or obviously that would not be an
         | "official act".
         | 
         | To the contrary -- this is an explicit example that came up
         | during oral arguments, where a Trump lawyer specifically
         | claimed that indeed, Trump _could not be convicted criminally_
         | of this (unless he had first been impeached and convicted).
         | 
         | Nowhere in the majority opinion does it try to draw some kind
         | of line against this. And indeed, the President is
         | constitutionally "commander in chief of the Army and Navy of
         | the United States", and the opinion states this authority is
         | "conclusive and preclusive".
         | 
         | Quite simply, according to this decision, anything the
         | president commands the Navy to do, including a Navy Seal, is an
         | official act because it a power explicitly granted by the
         | constitution, and thus immune from prosecution.
         | 
         | To repeat: this specific scenario was _brought up during oral
         | arguments_ , indeed as one of the main arguments that was also
         | widely reported. This is not a far-flung wacko example
         | Sotomayor came up with herself -- it's the very heart of the
         | case. The fact that the opinion does not even attempt to
         | explain why this would still be considered criminal, and the
         | fact the Sotomayor is confirming why it would be allowed, is
         | not a misreading or a mistake. It is clearly intentional and
         | genuinely scary.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | > As for the dissents, they strike a tone of chilling doom that
         | is wholly disproportionate to what the Court actually does
         | today--conclude that immunity extends to official discussions
         | between the President and his Attorney General, and then remand
         | to the lower courts to determine "in the first instance"
         | whether and to what extent Trump's remaining alleged conduct is
         | entitled to immunity.
         | 
         | FYI, the court is not saying Trump is granting Trump blanket
         | immunity. For three of the counts the court is saying Trump is
         | _probably_ not immune but prosecutors need to clarify that his
         | acts were outside of the duties of his office.
         | 
         | > Unlike Trump's alleged interactions with the Justice
         | Department, this alleged conduct cannot be neatly categorized
         | as falling within a particular Presidential function. The
         | necessary analysis is instead fact specific, requiring
         | assessment of numerous alleged interactions with a wide variety
         | of state officials and private persons. And the parties' brief
         | comments at oral argument indicate that they starkly disagree
         | on the characterization of these allegations. The concerns we
         | noted at the outset--the expedition of this case, the lack of
         | factual analysis by the lower courts, and the absence of
         | pertinent briefing by the parties--thus become more prominent.
         | We accordingly remand to the District Court to determine in the
         | first instance--with the benefit of briefing we lack--whether
         | Trump's conduct in this area qualifies as official or
         | unofficial.
        
         | Lerc wrote:
         | To extend the absurdity further. If the President truly
         | believes that if their rival winning the presidency would
         | endanger democracy, it would be the _duty_ of the President to
         | take that action.
         | 
         | This seems like a path towards civil war.
         | 
         | [edit] Thinking about a way out of this mess. Here's a
         | proposal.
         | 
         | Biden asserts that he has this right, writes up a new amendment
         | taking the right away, gives a date by which he will take
         | action if the amendment has not been passed.
         | 
         | (Then he should probably resign for effectively blackmailing
         | the legislative branch)
        
           | Jsebast24 wrote:
           | The deterrent for such action is that government officials
           | are under the obligation to disobey orders that are
           | unconstitutional. But that loyalty to the constitution
           | doesn't seem to be strong anymore. High positions in the US
           | government are now occupied by the kind of people who would
           | follow those orders without hesitation.
        
             | Lerc wrote:
             | It seems unreasonable to require everyone who follows
             | orders to be an expert on constitutional law. Especially
             | when the highest court in the land can't seem to agree.
             | 
             | Is it permissible to disobey an order that you merely
             | believe is unconstitutional? What happens when your
             | superior asserts that it is constitutional?
        
         | Qahlel wrote:
         | Biden can order seal team 6 to clear out scotus, appoint new
         | judges. If congress denies, then send the seal team 6 to
         | congress. Seal team 6 FTW
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | Impeachment? Wouldn't that also be an unlawful order?
        
         | awb wrote:
         | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
         | 
         | > The immunity the Court has recognized therefore extends to
         | the "outer perimeter" of the President's official
         | responsibilities, covering actions so long as they are "not
         | manifestly or palpably beyond [his] authority."
         | 
         | I'm hoping that the assassination of a political rival would be
         | "palpably beyond" the authority of the President.
        
           | plandis wrote:
           | Well assassination of a political rival might be but what
           | about the killing of the perceived head of a terrorist
           | organization who attempted a coup to overturn a federal US
           | election? Sounds like a national defense concern that the
           | president could decide to handle. I think this is logically
           | in line with the ruling but is completely absurd morally.
           | 
           | SCOTUS explicitly says you cannot question the motive of a
           | presidents actions when making a determination for what is
           | protected and not.
        
             | Tadpole9181 wrote:
             | And how, pray tell, is that compatible with them _also_
             | saying that neither Congress nor Courts can call into
             | question the motivation of the President for doing so? All
             | the president need do is say  "they were a national
             | security concern" and they are now absolutely immune from
             | anyone so much as presenting evidence in a trial that says
             | otherwise!
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | The ultimate Congressional remedy is impeachment, which
               | this ruling doesn't contemplate (except to reject silly
               | arguments presented by the defense). However, the limits
               | on congress and the judiciary are not absolute:
               | 
               | > Congress cannot act on, and courts cannot examine, the
               | President's actions on subjects within his "conclusive
               | and preclusive" constitutional authority. It follows that
               | an Act of Congress -- either a specific one targeted at
               | the President or a generally applicable one -- may not
               | criminalize the President's actions within his exclusive
               | constitutional power. Neither may the courts adjudicate a
               | criminal prosecution that examines such Presidential
               | actions.
               | 
               | It's only the executives exclusive powers (which are more
               | limited) that cannot be restrained.
        
         | tivert wrote:
         | >> When he uses his official powers in any way, under the
         | majority's reasoning, he now will be insulated from criminal
         | prosecution. Orders the Navy's Seal Team 6 to assassinate a
         | political rival? Immune.
         | 
         | > I would consider this an extreme knee jerk take, but it's
         | Sotomayor saying it.
         | 
         | Wouldn't something like that be essentially an illegal order
         | and therefore invalid? And/or something that would be trivial
         | to fix (e.g pass a law saying it's not within the president's
         | official powers to order a domestic assassination)?
        
           | Miner49er wrote:
           | How can it be an illegal order when this decision makes all
           | of the Presidents "official actions" legal?
        
             | tivert wrote:
             | > How can it be an illegal order when this decision makes
             | all of the Presidents "official actions" legal?
             | 
             | Because "official actions" doesn't mean "every action" or
             | "every action attempting to use presidential authority," I
             | think it has to be an action exercising the constitutional
             | powers of the president.
             | 
             | For instance: for the purposes of simplicity, lets assume
             | all legislation authorizing the president to take military
             | action without prior congressional approval has been
             | repealed, and the congress has not declared war on anyone
             | or authorized the use of military force in any
             | circumstances. The president then orders Seal Team 6 to
             | assassinate a waitress who spilled coffee on him, ruining
             | his lucky suit. That would be illegal order since the
             | president does not have constitutional authority to take
             | such action on his own without authorization by congress
             | and that authorization does not exist.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | So I guess a hypothetical path forward would be a
               | prosecutor choosing to pursue the charge, and the defense
               | pleading not guilty on the basis of it being an official
               | act. It would then be up to the prosecutor to prove that
               | this was not an unofficial act, without using motive as a
               | piece of evidence. Seems backwards, like proving a
               | negative.
               | 
               | How can you prove beyond a reasonable doubt that there
               | was no official basis for an act? Especially when the
               | response is almost certainly going to be, "the reason for
               | the official action is classified".
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > How can you prove beyond a reasonable doubt that there
               | was no official basis for an act? Especially when the
               | response is almost certainly going to be, "the reason for
               | the official action is classified".
               | 
               | In my hypothetical? Because there's no congressional
               | declaration of war or authorization of the use military
               | force against the waitress, which can be determined by
               | reading the journals of the house and senate.
        
               | eschulz wrote:
               | I consider this to be very similar to the Business
               | Judgment Rule that protects CEOs and executives against
               | lawsuits from shareholders for actions they did in their
               | job, even if their actions turned out to be a mistake and
               | lost the shareholders a bunch of money. To proceed with a
               | lawsuit, the plaintiff has to demonstrate that the
               | executive took unreasonable actions which directly
               | resulted in harm to the plaintiff. Basically, their
               | actions were out of the scope of their mandate, and they
               | can be sued.
               | 
               | For example, the CEO hires their clueless spouse to a
               | high paying job and the spouse loses the company a ton of
               | money. That does not sound like the CEO was doing their
               | job, but rather it sounds like they were putting their
               | spouse ahead of the company. Here a lawsuit would
               | certainly be allowed to go forward.
               | 
               | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/businessjudgmentrule
               | .as...
        
               | KingOfCoders wrote:
               | There is no such law for criminal acts.
        
               | eschulz wrote:
               | The argument is that the Constitution is the law which
               | applies here. Specifically, the powers given to the
               | executive to execute their role and enforce the acts of
               | Congress.
        
               | KingOfCoders wrote:
               | Haha, prosecute someone who only needs a tiny excuse to
               | kill you with immunity.
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | To be clear: Sotomayor is interpreting the majority decision,
         | not stating her own opinion. She's opposed to the
         | interpretation in question.
         | 
         | (I can't tell whether the OP was confused by this, but the
         | linked Tweet has enough people being confused by it to make it
         | worth mentioning.)
        
         | blindriver wrote:
         | Obama ordered an American Citizen to be assassinated via a
         | drone attack, without a trial or anything. Should he be charged
         | with murder?
         | 
         | https://www.amnestyusa.org/updates/is-it-legal-for-the-u-s-t...
        
           | jampekka wrote:
           | He should be charged with war crimes, like more or less all
           | US (and many other) presidents. Of course it's not gonna
           | happen.
        
             | blashyrk wrote:
             | The fact that George Bush Junior is a free man is downright
             | insulting
        
               | jampekka wrote:
               | There's not much in geopolitics that isn't downright
               | insulting. Different flags, same scumbags.
        
           | yoavm wrote:
           | Comparing the idea of ordering the killing your political
           | opponent with approving an operation with killed of someone
           | related to an Al-Qaeda and even saying it was a mistake is
           | weird, to say the least.
        
             | blindriver wrote:
             | It sounds like you have no concept of the law.
        
           | pseudalopex wrote:
           | > Obama ordered an American Citizen to be assassinated via a
           | drone attack, without a trial or anything. Should he be
           | charged with murder?
           | 
           | Yes.
        
         | jmyeet wrote:
         | A lot of people, myself included, expected some carve out for
         | "official acts". There was never going to be blanket immunity
         | and the Court was going to take the case just to agree with the
         | DC Circuit Court of Appeals [1]. SCOTUS slow walked this case.
         | They could've taken it back when they were asked to in
         | December. They waited until the end of hte term to deliver a
         | verdict. The verdict ensures that any trial court findings of
         | "official court" are going to simply make their way back to
         | this exact same court.
         | 
         | The majority opinion even had the gall to call the prosecutions
         | "hasty" when we're largely talking about things that happened
         | in 2021.
         | 
         | But this decision is so much worse than many (myself included)
         | expected. Not only is there blanket immunity for "official
         | acts" but there is presumptive innocence for anything on the
         | peripherey. Even worse, if something is a statutory or
         | constitutional power of the office of President, the _reason
         | does not matter_. The reason can 't even be considered in
         | deciding if something is an "official act" or not.
         | 
         | So the president has the right to issue pardons with ultimate
         | discretion. If they want to sell pardons, now they can. Why?
         | Because the reason this "official act" happened is
         | _irrelevant_. That 's what the Court decided.
         | 
         | Same for selling judgeships or presidential appointments.
         | 
         | We already have the donor-to-ambassador pipeline [2]. Now we
         | don't even need the ruse of it being a donation. The President
         | can simply sell ambassadorships for personal gain.
         | 
         | That's what this decision did.
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://www.cadc.uscourts.gov/internet/opinions.nsf/1AC5A0E7...
         | 
         | [2]: https://campaignlegal.org/press-releases/new-campaign-
         | legal-...
        
       | riffic wrote:
       | ah just laying the foundation for a lovely despotic future.
        
         | IamLoading wrote:
         | What is going on in our nation? its frustrating thing after
         | thing.
         | 
         | I honestly, need to unplug from news, and just focus on nature.
        
         | umvi wrote:
         | Seems like the alternative is equally dystopian though. If ex-
         | presidents don't have immunity for their actions in office,
         | then every ex-president will have to fend off a flurry of
         | lawsuits and prosecution attempts by the opposite party. It
         | would be an absolute circus and turn the office of president
         | into a joke.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | That's a false dichotomy, just allow the motivation for
           | official acts to be taken into consideration for prosecution,
           | and a lot of the problems go away.
        
           | beefnugs wrote:
           | Shouldn't there be some liability barrier to preventing just
           | any bored old billionaire from fisting his way into
           | presidency?
        
             | umvi wrote:
             | It's already not easy for billionaires to become president.
             | Ross Perot tried and failed miserably.
        
       | yongjik wrote:
       | IANAL so could someone explain to me - does this ruling apply to
       | the "porn actress hush money" trial or is it a separate issue?
       | 
       | (I'd like to think that there's no way it's an "official act" of
       | a president, but again, IANAL.)
        
         | ahmeneeroe-v2 wrote:
         | Honestly the decision is written in a fairly accessible style.
         | You could try to read it
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | https://prod-i.a.dj.com/public/resources/documents/SCOTUSTRU.
           | ..
        
         | kadoban wrote:
         | No, Trump was a candidate, not President at the time of most
         | (all?) of those crimes. They also yeah probably can't be
         | considered official acts even by _this_ Court.
        
           | laidoffamazon wrote:
           | That can't be concluded yet. It will most likely be decided
           | again by SCOTUS - but by then, Trump may well have assumed
           | office and pardoned himself and anyone else involved.
        
             | kadoban wrote:
             | Even this court would have a hard time concluding that acts
             | taken while running for President are official acts.
             | 
             | But practically they've made the President a dictator, so
             | yeah who's going to stop him if he wins.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | This is relating to 4 counts of election interference.
         | 
         | The court is granting him blanket immunity on one count, and
         | the rest the prosecutors need to clarify that the crimes were
         | outside of the duty of his office.
        
         | sjs382 wrote:
         | Kind of. From CNN: https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-
         | news/trump-immunity-suprem...
         | 
         | > Donald Trump's legal team will likely use Monday's SCOTUS
         | opinion as they challenge the New York hush money criminal
         | verdict itself on appeal, a source familiar with their thinking
         | tells CNN.
         | 
         | > Trump's team thinks the SCOTUS option could be used to
         | challenge portions of Hope Hicks testimony as well as some of
         | the tweets entered in as evidence, according to the source
         | familiar.
         | 
         | > CNN earlier reported the Trump team sees the opinion as "a
         | major victory" because in addition to using it to try to get
         | charges tossed, they can also use this opinion to get evidence
         | related to official acts tossed in all cases -- not just
         | federal -- which can hurt prosecutors' ability to prove what
         | charges are left.
        
       | leotravis10 wrote:
       | Folks, the blueprint for a American dictatorship has been created
       | and you'll be a fool and a idiot to think otherwise.
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | Read the actual ruling. You'd be a fool and an idiot not to.
        
           | leotravis10 wrote:
           | I'm leaving this here for you to read:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40848935
        
             | danielmarkbruce wrote:
             | Awesome. Media coverage.
             | 
             | The actual ruling: https://prod-i.a.dj.com/public/resources
             | /documents/SCOTUSTRU...
             | 
             | We are in an age where the media cannot be trusted. Gotta
             | read the source documents.
        
         | koonsolo wrote:
         | If Trump gets elected, he will never give away his power
         | easily.
        
         | citizen_friend wrote:
         | Ridiculous alarmism. Try reading the majority opinion first.
        
           | leotravis10 wrote:
           | Read this and get back to me:
           | https://www.vox.com/scotus/358292/supreme-court-trump-
           | immuni...
        
             | nickburns wrote:
             | how about read the opinion and get back to us (or don't).
        
               | leotravis10 wrote:
               | I have already read the opinion and came into the same
               | conclusion, much like Ian and many others have.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | > I have already read the opinion and came into the same
               | conclusion
               | 
               | i sincerely doubt that.
        
           | vundercind wrote:
           | We had an attempted coup already. That this case was directly
           | related to. I don't even mean the very public storming of
           | Congress during the certification of electors, but multiple
           | attempts by the then-President to subvert the election
           | process.
           | 
           | The guy who did it's probably about to be President again and
           | just got a lot more legal cover.
           | 
           | Folks need to read up on how democracies fail. Shit's getting
           | _real_ iffy here.
        
             | citizen_friend wrote:
             | And yet he left office on the appointed day and lost an
             | election.
             | 
             | > democracies fail
             | 
             | Is this the democracy where we need to stop voters from
             | voting or give them incomplete information to avoid making
             | bad choices?
        
               | MOARDONGZPLZ wrote:
               | > And yet he left office on the appointed day and lost an
               | election.
               | 
               | Very narrowly, and not but for the uncharacteristic acts
               | of a small number of others like Mike Pence. It could
               | have gone very differently very easily.
        
               | remus wrote:
               | > And yet he left office on the appointed day and lost an
               | election.
               | 
               | Trump would argue he didn't lose the election, and would
               | still be in power if he had his way. I think we should be
               | making it harder, not easier, for the democratic process
               | to be subverted.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Yes. I wrote "attempted".
        
               | riskable wrote:
               | > And yet he left office on the appointed day and lost an
               | election.
               | 
               | Only because his coup failed. That's a _very_ important
               | fact.
        
               | citizen_friend wrote:
               | > his coup
               | 
               | I remember events differently.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Don't remember the "find votes" request or attempts to
               | find a legal-enough-to-muck-things-up way to replace real
               | electors with fake ones, or similar to throw the election
               | to the House to decide, then?
        
               | citizen_friend wrote:
               | If those really happened in the way you think. Why did
               | they take him to court for other reasons?
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Those have been charged. He's in court for a bunch of
               | other stuff, too, some of which was brewing before 2017
               | but his DOJ ruled they had to pause (including
               | investigations, because you need to e.g. issue subpoenas
               | for those to do their work) until he was out of office,
               | and nobody tried to fight that, so it's just now finally
               | happening.
        
               | ipython wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you're arguing here? If someone is
               | accused of committing three crimes, but only one is
               | "serious", then the person should only be prosecuted on
               | the one, but not the other two?
               | 
               | What is your view of the events that transpired?
        
               | ipython wrote:
               | Which word do you take objection to? Considering he
               | begins each rally with the January 6 "patriot" anthem, I
               | stand by the "his" word. He clearly aligns with the folks
               | who he considers "political prisoners" (his words not
               | mine).
               | 
               | As far as "coup" - I'd say summoning thousands of folks
               | to the Capitol, then not calling for dispersal once they
               | have physically breached the perimeter of the building
               | where the Congress and Vice President are assembled to
               | certify the election results (where he lost), plus
               | (arguably, more importantly) engaging in a campaign to
               | establish networks of alternative electors in key swing
               | states that do not match the popular votes in those
               | states, then I'd say "coup" (granted, with a "attempted"
               | modifier would be more accurate) would be a reasonable
               | word to use for the events that transpired.
        
             | bsimpson wrote:
             | I have a difficult time reasoning about Trump in the age of
             | constant hysteria. Trying to keep a clear head and an even
             | keel has me discounting a lot of the "sky is falling"
             | alarmism. It has me afraid that there are actual pieces of
             | the sky falling that I'm filtering out.
             | 
             | All the "will you peacefully cede power" talk before the
             | election sounded like alarmist clickbait, but he was
             | weirdly resistive to admitting he lost, and there are a lot
             | of batshit crazy people who seem to follow whatever he says
             | (see also, Jan 6).
             | 
             | [edit] the score on this post proves its own point. Its
             | vacillated between +4 and 0 since I posted it an hour ago,
             | and there are plenty of hyperbolic people in the replies.
             | Being "OMG THE WORLD IS ENDING" about everything just adds
             | noise that makes it hard to identify truly bad things.
             | 
             | On a site that ostensibly has an ethos of "be curious, not
             | ideological," it's sad to see so many people peering only
             | through the lenses of ideology and panic.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | He still says he _didn't_ lose and always qualifies his
               | intent to accept the results of the next election with
               | language that, given his not accepting the last one,
               | amounts to "I'll accept it if I win".
               | 
               | Whatever else he did was fairly normal bad-president
               | stuff. Like, _pretty_ bad, but not the end of the
               | Republic or anything. The attempts to overturn the
               | election, _and_ the utter failure of the state to swiftly
               | punish same, are some real "this may not be the end, but
               | you can see it from here" stuff.
               | 
               | Democratic states tend to vote in the person who ends
               | them. It's clear now that that's a thing we're very much
               | at risk of doing. I don't even necessarily mean a second
               | Trump term, just anyone who follows his blueprint. The
               | voters evidently don't see that as disqualifying, and the
               | system's displayed an inability to respond to such
               | attempts.
               | 
               | The sharks may or may not be circling yet, but there's
               | blood in the water.
        
               | frob wrote:
               | If you want to know what Trump and his ilk are planning,
               | just read it from their own website:
               | https://www.project2025.org/
               | 
               | Highlights: - The DoJ reports directly to the President -
               | No term limits for FBI head - Arrest and prosecute DAs he
               | doesn't agree with - Use the military to enforce domestic
               | laws on citizens
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Worth noting that we're 3-for-3 on recent-ish major
               | Republican plans to do bad things being implemented at
               | least in large part--the PNAC plan for Iraq and other
               | issues from the '90s (W's big contribution was carrying
               | this out); the plan to execute a strategic focus of
               | resources and follow-up with laws to attain practically
               | unassailable dominance in states where Republicans should
               | be losing pretty often, through gerrymandering and
               | targeted vote suppression (enormous success, there,
               | largely achieved during the '00s); and the Federalist
               | Society plan to groom jurists and then get them placed to
               | reshape the courts (Trump's crowning achievement for the
               | right in his first term--and not just the Supreme Court).
               | 
               | So I would take this one seriously.
        
               | JohnMakin wrote:
               | There's trying to keep a clear head, and then there's
               | being completely willingly ignorant of major, major
               | events in the news cycle the last few years, including
               | direct statements from the Trump administration and Trump
               | himself which you seem to have very successfully
               | achieved.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | > major, major events
               | 
               | okay, buddy. we get it. you're excited and it's making
               | you sound Trumpian.
        
               | JohnMakin wrote:
               | Not sure where you're reading into that, but good for you
               | for figuring out something nonsensical.
               | 
               | as to what I actually feel, I am stating that the parent
               | comment (as sibling comments have pointed out as well)
               | seems completely oblivious to Jan 6 and the subsequent
               | criminal events/statements since then.
               | 
               | Hope that helps your reading/rage issue, have a good day.
        
               | Capricorn2481 wrote:
               | > but he was weirdly resistive to admitting he lost
               | 
               | That is an understatement. His entire platform is that he
               | won every state including Minnesota and New York. This is
               | a personal revenge campaign made up around a lie.
        
           | ChildOfEru wrote:
           | It has been 3 years and 6 months since Trumps election
           | interference with essentially no progress being made in the
           | courts.
           | 
           | If and when Trump gets elected how long do you think it will
           | take the Supreme Court to differentiate between an 'official'
           | act and a 'non-official' act when Trump acts illegally in
           | 2025?
           | 
           | Throw in the recent ruling increasing the difficulty of
           | proving bribery and things are looking grim ( IMHO ).
        
             | citizen_friend wrote:
             | If you're hoping trump is jailed before election, I agree
             | that is unlikely to happen.
        
           | kitsune_ wrote:
           | My grandmother fled Nazism (and Stalinism), she would turn in
           | her grave seeing how blind half of your electorate is.
        
             | citizen_friend wrote:
             | Your grandmother is not the arbiter of politics, and we can
             | find 2 other grandmothers with the opposite view and
             | similar experiences.
        
           | davidw wrote:
           | Yeah, we've been hearing the "alarmist" thing for 8 years
           | now. "Roe is settled law, stop being hysterical".
        
             | bsimpson wrote:
             | Part of this is abdication and dysfunction of the
             | government overall. As I remember it, the argument was that
             | Roe was based on faulty caselaw. If so, I have no problem
             | with it being overruled, but I then expect Congress to pass
             | the correct law to take its place.
             | 
             | The problem isn't that Roe was overturned - it's that our
             | legislative system is so dysfunctional that law is being
             | settled in the other branches of government.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | The ruling was based on what we call "calvinball", where
               | they just make shit up that suits their own views.
        
               | citizen_friend wrote:
               | If that's your level of argumentative empathy I can see
               | why you're mad.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | I'm mad because authoritarianism and its supporters are
               | bad, full stop.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | clearly you have a hard time distinguishing between who
               | supports what.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | I believe in freedom and democracy. I don't believe in
               | mobs attacking the Capitol or "find me some votes" or
               | minority rule or massive roundups and detention camps or
               | any of that.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | can you find any comments anywhere here which seem to
               | support " mobs attacking the Capitol or "find me some
               | votes" or minority rule or massive roundups and detention
               | camps or any of that"?
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | That is what you are defending when you defend this
               | decision, which along with everything else was drawn out
               | to the last possible moment so as to kick the can until
               | after the election.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | my question being rhetorical and all, i already knew you
               | couldn't.
        
               | bsimpson wrote:
               | It might be time to take a break from the internet.
        
               | citizen_friend wrote:
               | Authoritarianism is when the appointed judges vote 6-4
               | for an interpretation which at worst is an extension of
               | existing principle.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | > Authoritarianism is when the appointed judges vote 6-4
               | for an interpretation which at worst is an extension of
               | existing principle.
               | 
               | Comrade, in the United States, we have 9 supreme court
               | justices.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | _Roe_ itself was far more of a  "calvinball" ruling than
               | overturning it was.
        
         | fny wrote:
         | Folks, the blueprint for prosecuting Trump has been created.
         | 
         | If you read the complete ruling, the justices work to clarify
         | how "official" and "unofficial" acts apply to the case at hand.
         | For example, many of the conversations had with Pence and the
         | AG are considered off limits for prosecution as they are
         | "official." Other charges, however, can stick if the lower
         | court decides:
         | 
         | > Trump can point to no plausible source of authority enabling
         | the President to not only organize alternate slates of electors
         | but also cause those electors--unapproved by any state official
         | --to transmit votes to the President of the Senate for counting
         | at the certification proceeding, thus interfering with the
         | votes of States' properly appointed electors
         | 
         | The damning part starts on page 27 of the ruling[0].
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
        
         | nickburns wrote:
         | what a dramatic take. surely you haven't read the actual
         | opinion.
         | 
         | for posterity, this is "the blueprint for a [sic] American
         | dictatorship" to which you refer:
         | 
         | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
        
           | leotravis10 wrote:
           | I'm just going to leave this here:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40848935
        
             | nickburns wrote:
             | i'm a little busy cutting through the actual opinion at the
             | moment. _maaaybe_ i 'll get to this Vox journalist's own
             | interpretation of it when i'm done. no breath should be
             | held though.
        
               | leotravis10 wrote:
               | Just to let you know that he (like the rest of us) have
               | already read it.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | > Just to let you know that he (like the rest of us) have
               | already read it.
               | 
               | exceedingly doubtful.
        
       | jauntywundrkind wrote:
       | If there's one thing the constitution seemed to try to prevent
       | it's kings, and here the court is saying the president can do
       | anything, to as maximally permissible as possible an "outer
       | limit" of what might be at all considered official. (No matter
       | what their motive; we are explicitly forbidden from even
       | beginning an inquiry into motive.) It's hard to see even the
       | remotest claims of their so called originalism (which is a stupid
       | shit dumb practice anyhow) written into this very longwinded
       | extensive permission-to-tyrant, permission to sedition.
       | 
       | What a sad shameless age. It's embarrassing as hell having these
       | useless Federalist Society shills tearing down the respectability
       | of this nation. Utterly brazen. How 40%-50% of the population can
       | be so on board with this, be so excited & happy to see such
       | endless Calvinball for their team is beyond imagining. It feels
       | like liberals always are hungry for more or different from our
       | own, will criticize our representatives endlessly, but there's an
       | unmatched purity of boosterism for any win any win at all no
       | matter what that's totally taken half the country, that there's
       | no system of moderation or self assessment left.
        
       | shmerl wrote:
       | This court is a farce. People appointed by Trump grant him
       | immunity for his crimes. That's some circular Kafkian absurdity
       | that shouldn't be happening.
        
       | w10-1 wrote:
       | The essence, from the majority opinion
       | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
       | 
       | > nature of Presidential power entitles a former President to
       | absolute immunity from criminal prosecution for actions within
       | his conclusive and preclusive constitutional authority.
       | 
       | > And he is entitled to at least presumptive immunity from
       | prosecution for all his official acts.
       | 
       | > Testimony or private records of the President or his advisers
       | probing such conduct may not be admitted as evidence at trial
       | 
       | > The Constitution does not tolerate such impediments to "the
       | effective functioning of government" [as when] the possibility of
       | an extended proceeding alone may render [the President] "unduly
       | cautious in the discharge of his official duties."
       | 
       | > The immunity the Court has recognized therefore extends to the
       | "outer perimeter" of the President's official responsibilities,
       | covering actions so long as they are "not manifestly or palpably
       | beyond [his] authority."
       | 
       | > In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts may not
       | inquire into the President's motives.
       | 
       | > Nor may courts deem an action unofficial merely because it
       | allegedly violates a generally applicable law
       | 
       | > Enduring separation of powers principles guide our decision in
       | this case
       | 
       | Supreme Court history has no broader grant of immunity based on
       | principles less definitive.
        
         | impalallama wrote:
         | > Testimony or private records of the President or his advisers
         | probing such conduct may not be admitted as evidence at trial
         | 
         | Wouldn't this have made it impossible to prosecute Nixon for
         | Watergate?
        
           | venusenvy47 wrote:
           | This is the big red flag for me. A court can't review whether
           | the conduct was official. This seems like the court wants to
           | remove the checks and balances between the government
           | branches.
        
             | impalallama wrote:
             | Yes, immunity for "official duties" sounds reasonable until
             | you read all the justices own words and realize how
             | purposely broad and far reaching these duties are.
        
           | thereddaikon wrote:
           | Bit of a stretch to claim that was within his official
           | duties.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | Here is a very simplified TL;DR of the decision:
       | 
       | A president's internal planning and discussions with his team are
       | are at least granted "presumed" immunity unless the prosecutor
       | can establish that the act in question fell outside of the
       | office. So for the President pressuring Pence to uncertify the
       | election results, prosecutors would need to make a case that it
       | was outside of his power to do so - the reasoning behind it is
       | largely irrelevant.
       | 
       | When it comes to interactions with external groups - be it local
       | election officials or even the press/media - prosecutors need to
       | establish whether the president was acting on an official basis
       | or an unofficial basis. (And they are clear that the president
       | acting on behalf of his party or his campaign would be
       | unofficial).
       | 
       | > "The President enjoys no immunity for his unofficial acts, and
       | not everything the President does is official. The President is
       | not above the law. But under our system of separated powers, the
       | President may not be prosecuted for exercising his core
       | constitutional powers, and he is entitled to at least presumptive
       | immunity from prosecution for his official acts."
       | 
       | My reading of the decision is that of the four counts against
       | Trump, three can proceed so long as prosecutors can make a case
       | the actions were not official acts.
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | I understand why during their presidency the president needs to
       | be immune (so that they can focus on their executive duties
       | instead of spending their day in the court).
       | 
       | But AFTER the end of their (last) term why not be held
       | accountable for their actions?
        
         | InTheArena wrote:
         | Because they will stay in power rather than face accountability
         | (real or imagined) for their actions (legitimate or
         | illegitimate). See Caesar, J and the fall of the Roman
         | Republic.
        
           | mandmandam wrote:
           | That logic is so twisted though.
           | 
           | "The President might ignore laws on term limits, so we need
           | to make laws that say he can't be held responsible for his
           | actions".
           | 
           | That's _clearly_ insane.
        
             | InTheArena wrote:
             | This would not fall under the official powers that he has?
        
               | HaZeust wrote:
               | Who cares? Now we have rulings that say it can't be
               | enforced if it can be convinced that the action of
               | avoiding your term limit can be an "official act" in
               | times of unrest, urgency or doubt.
               | 
               | One must understand that the more safeguards we have to
               | enact retribution in these cases, the better. The courts
               | are one of them, and they are no longer nearly as much at
               | our disposal as they were before this morning.
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | how can the US president remain in power, aren't there checks
           | and balances? Does he have absolute command of the army?
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | "We have to let you do bad things, because you will do very
           | bad things if we do not" is a hell of an argument.
        
             | umvi wrote:
             | Framed another way, anyone crazy enough to run for a
             | position in which your opponents will comb through all of
             | your actions with a fine tooth comb to imprison you after
             | the position term is over likely won't plan on their term
             | ever being over.
        
             | HaZeust wrote:
             | It is still a valid strategy of risk-aversion, sadly.
        
         | someuser2345 wrote:
         | Because that adds an incentive for the president to try to hold
         | on to power.
        
         | ClarityJones wrote:
         | Two reasons. First, it's the office that's immune, not the
         | person. If you prosecute a person for something they did "as
         | president" then you're prosecuting the office. Second, it's not
         | to be fair to the person. It's to protect the government from
         | collapsing. People forget that happens all the time, often due
         | to ineffective executive leadership. Look at Haiti, etc. So, I
         | think it's true that Presidents will get away with a few things
         | here and there that they shouldn't, Congress can still impeach
         | and remove them. If Congress is on-board with what the
         | President is doing, then that's a decent safeguard that "at
         | least whatever the President is doing isn't going to destroy
         | the country."
        
       | wolfi1 wrote:
       | if he's immune for "official actions" even after office
       | impeachment after office must be possible as well
        
       | injidup wrote:
       | Perhaps the simple solution is that _all_ presidents should serve
       | 15 years in jail after serving their term.
       | 
       | Then only extremely socially minded people would dare to do the
       | job.
       | 
       | There was a similar sci fi story I read. At the end of a war the
       | rule was that all allied ( not enemy ) generals would be
       | executed. The idea was that war was such a horrible concept that
       | to lead one would require extreme sacrifice and social
       | consciousness on the part of the leaders. War was legal and to be
       | fought without limit however on conclusion all leaders would be
       | put to death. I don't remember the author or the story name.
        
         | imoverclocked wrote:
         | ... so wars, once started, may never end.
        
         | ajuc wrote:
         | If there's no downside you just do your worst.
         | 
         | Look at it from the perspective of the president near the end
         | of their term.
        
         | lucianbr wrote:
         | One of the alien species in
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Rama has this rule.
         | The octospiders.
        
         | dh2022 wrote:
         | Re: war analogy. Executing all allied generals at the end of
         | the war would enable opponents who elevate winning generals at
         | the end of the war. Guess which side would win?
        
       | Buttons840 wrote:
       | Now that this has been cleared up by the courts, I want to ask.
       | 
       | Is it even possible for the President to break the law? What
       | would that look like?
        
         | citizen_friend wrote:
         | Impeach.
        
         | squidbeak wrote:
         | Sotomayor laid out some examples in her dissent, such as
         | assassinating political rivals, staging a coup and taking
         | bribes for favours.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | Those are examples of the president not breaking the law. She
           | was saying that presidents now have carte blanche to do those
           | things with no fear of prosecution.
        
       | muaytimbo wrote:
       | This was an obvious outcome, the government always protects its
       | own. The government class gets immunity from the bottom, cops and
       | judges, all the way to the top, legislators, and now, the
       | president.
        
       | brendanyounger wrote:
       | So ... a president can now order an executive branch officer to
       | ignore any Supreme Court decision or law passed by Congress with
       | absolute immunity? Seems like the Supreme Court is going to get
       | what they asked for.
        
       | janalsncm wrote:
       | Maybe we can stop acting like the Founding Fathers were political
       | geniuses. They created a system where the only real recourse
       | against a president is political, and a political system where
       | political recourse is essentially impossible. A two party system
       | is the logical conclusion of a first past the post voting system,
       | which they have created. It is a bug, and fixing it is also
       | effectively impossible.
        
         | code_biologist wrote:
         | I mean, they were pretty good. The founding documents addressed
         | many problems that been seen in British political history. I
         | think they may have lacked tools to prevent two party rule, but
         | some were aware it would be a problem.
         | 
         | From George Washington's presidential farewell address:
         | "However [political parties] may now and then answer popular
         | ends, they are likely in the course of time and things, to
         | become potent engines, by which cunning, ambitious, and
         | unprincipled men will be enabled to subvert the power of the
         | people and to usurp for themselves the reins of government,
         | destroying afterwards the very engines which have lifted them
         | to unjust dominion."
        
           | janalsncm wrote:
           | Washington's farewell address is exactly what I'm referring
           | to. Hoping that people won't form political parties rather
           | than understanding that they are the logical result of the
           | system that's been created. No matter how nicely you ask,
           | parties will form.
           | 
           | Just as another example, the Framers forgot to even mention
           | that courts could strike down unconstitutional laws, causing
           | a political crisis that came up only 15 years later. Oops!
        
         | mpalmer wrote:
         | This fails to acknowledge that today's decision has a weak/non-
         | existent constitutional basis.
         | 
         | I defy anyone to craft any political system or subset thereof
         | that correctly anticipates societal shifts over the course of
         | two and a half centuries.
        
           | janalsncm wrote:
           | You don't need to anticipate societal shifts, you need to
           | empower the political system to handle them.
           | 
           | As for the longevity of the U.S., there's a strong argument
           | that it has in fact not lasted 250 or so years, and that the
           | reconstruction era amendments created a qualitatively
           | different, more centralized country. But even if we ignore
           | that, the U.S. has a lot going for it that has nothing to do
           | with politics. Two oceans, peaceful neighbors, and more
           | natural resources than we knew what to do with that we bought
           | for practically nothing.
           | 
           | The US emerged from WW2 as basically the only advanced
           | economy that wasn't flattened, did essentially zero
           | introspection and assumed our politics were superior. And yet
           | we have open bribery of politicians, and the highest court
           | opened the floodgates for the wealthiest to donate to
           | politicians. The only thing left is to allow politicians to
           | keep donations for personal use.
           | 
           | Europe has surpassed us in life expectancy, and soon China
           | will surpass us in GDP. And no matter how much free speech we
           | have, we can't have a conversation about it because the media
           | is weaponized to distract us.
        
             | dingnuts wrote:
             | Europe's lifestyle is subsidized heavily by the American
             | defense industry and they had better buckle in if Trump
             | wins and starts more seriously winding down America's
             | defense commitments there
        
         | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
         | The 10th amendment was supposed to restrain the federal
         | government to a few enumerated powers. It was gutted via
         | interstate commerce being everything, and you can't give it up
         | because people will start screaming about the civil rights act
         | or the EPA or something.
         | 
         | President, as envisioned by founders, should barely even matter
         | outside of war.
        
           | stetrain wrote:
           | There was also a pretty significant constitutional crisis in
           | the middle of that that involved an actual war between states
           | with the deaths of many Americans to settle it.
           | 
           | Whether we have adequately updated the constitution along the
           | way to cover the new realities is a valid question, but
           | governing by just what the original founders wrote doesn't
           | have a great track record either.
        
           | janalsncm wrote:
           | > the civil rights act
           | 
           | How would you square the 14th amendment's equal protection
           | clause with enumerated powers?
        
             | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
             | The 14th amendment is a restriction on government. Civil
             | rights acts on private entities involved in intrastate
             | trade.
             | 
             | CRA also expressly allows racism unlike the 14th. For
             | instance the civil rights act allows a business to
             | preferentially treat an Indian in a near reservation (but
             | off res) business while outlawing discriminating say in
             | favor of blacks near a historically black neighborhood.
        
         | cma256 wrote:
         | > A two party system is the logical conclusion of a first past
         | the post voting system, which they have created. It is a bug,
         | and fixing it is also effectively impossible.
         | 
         | AFAIK it only mandates it for the President. We're free to
         | elect representatives and Senators how we please.
        
           | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
           | There's no federal dictate on how electoral college votes
           | IIRC. Sometimes they go rogue,though it may violate state
           | law.
        
           | stetrain wrote:
           | There is only a mandate for how the electoral votes cast by
           | states determine who becomes president, but now how states
           | cast those votes.
           | 
           | Some states cast them all for the popular winner in that
           | state. Some split them proportionately among the top scoring
           | candidates. Some states have agreed to a pact that, if
           | enacted by enough states, will switch those states to casting
           | their votes for the national popular vote winner.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Popular_Vote_Intersta.
           | ...
           | 
           | In theory a state could hold ranked choice votes among any
           | number of candidates and cast their electoral votes for the
           | final ranked choice winner.
           | 
           | Even the primary system is something managed at the state
           | level.
           | 
           | So a lot could be done but it requires changing state laws or
           | potentially state constitutions.
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | They wrote the document defining the currently longest running
         | continuous government in the world.
         | 
         | Is the Constitution perfect? No.
         | 
         | But it's still fair to call them geniuses for what they
         | accomplished.
         | 
         | Also, you are arguing the Founders interpretation of the
         | Constitution is the same as the current Supreme Court. I'm not
         | sure they would agree, but there's no way we can ever know.
        
           | buildbot wrote:
           | > They wrote the document defining the currently longest
           | running continuous government in the world.
           | 
           | This is untrue:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_San_Marino
        
           | rich_sasha wrote:
           | Surely, the UK government predates the US, dating back to at
           | least Cromwell, so 17th century, and tenuously as far as
           | Magna Carta (and even Alfred tbe Great if you like, so deep
           | deep medieval).
        
           | almostdeadguy wrote:
           | It's not even clear what "longest running continuous
           | government" means or how it would be defined.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | By that logic we drop everything and adopt the government of
           | ancient rome because its one thats good for at least a
           | thousand years by precedent
        
           | blibble wrote:
           | > the currently longest running continuous government in the
           | world.
           | 
           | the Isle of Man goes back to 1000 or so
           | 
           | the current UK system is essentially identical to that of
           | 1689 and has legal governmental continuity since 1066
        
             | janalsncm wrote:
             | If anything that is more impressive given the tiny size of
             | the UK, few natural resources, and miserable weather.
        
               | mrcartmeneses wrote:
               | Hey! The weather is perfect for working all year round
               | and never doing anything nice!
        
           | skadamou wrote:
           | I think you mean that the US has the longest continuous
           | running democracy - not just government [1] I think this true
           | and I agree with you that the while the constitution is not
           | perfect, it is still an incredibly impressive document.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/08/countries-are-the-
           | wor...
        
             | Novosell wrote:
             | I find that list very questionable. I'm Swedish and while
             | yes, we sorta got general voting rights for men in 1911, we
             | didn't get truly general voting rights for men until 1918
             | and women 1919.
             | 
             | However, before that you could vote if you had enough
             | captial. Is that democracy? That list says it isn't whilst
             | saying that America, in which minorities and women could
             | not vote, is a democracy. That seems like a line draw
             | specifically to be able to say America is the oldest
             | democracy, very disingenuous.
             | 
             | If you consider minorities and women to be people then
             | America didn't become a true democracy until 1965.
        
           | lesuorac wrote:
           | Founding Fathers didn't write the constitution.
           | 
           | They wrote the Articles of Confederation which failed leading
           | to the Framers writing the Constitution.
        
           | jmyeet wrote:
           | The Founding Fathers created a government that:
           | 
           | - Led to a bloody civil war that was the most deadly war in
           | human history (until WWI), over 600,000 Americans dead, just
           | ~75 years later;
           | 
           | - Largely wiped out the indigenous people of North America;
           | 
           | - Enshrined chattel slavery;
           | 
           | - Denied the right to vote to women (and in fact all non-
           | white people); and
           | 
           | - Has been involved in, responsible for and/or complicit with
           | many coups in the rest of the world [1].
           | 
           | Maybe it's not the best thing to celebrate.
           | 
           | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_involvement_
           | in_r...
        
             | Novosell wrote:
             | The Taiping rebellion started before the American civil war
             | and lead to far more deaths. On wikipedia the estimate is
             | 20-30 million. Outside of that, just going to the wikipedia
             | page for deadly wars will find many that dwarf the American
             | civil war.
        
           | metabagel wrote:
           | Don't forget that we had a civil war.
        
         | TeeMassive wrote:
         | It also goes the other way. A recourse against the only elected
         | official of the executive is also political in itself. Without
         | immunity, any of the thousands of prosecutors could charge,
         | blackmail and kidnap any predidents during and after their
         | terms. This would make Presidents effectively answer to the
         | courts and not the people.
        
           | iAMkenough wrote:
           | Are courts not made up of the people?
        
           | teg4n_ wrote:
           | kidnap? what are you even are you talking about?
        
       | inglor_cz wrote:
       | Hmm. Here in the Czech Republic, the president is immune to
       | prosecution _during his tenure_ , but can be prosecuted
       | afterwards _for illegal acts that weren 't committed during
       | performance of his duties_.
       | 
       | During tenure, he can only be impeached for anti-constitutional
       | acts, and the only punishment if found guilty is removal from
       | office.
       | 
       | All in all, it sounds quite similar to this SCOTUS ruling, but of
       | course, the consequences for the world are mitigated by the fact
       | that globally, our president is a very, very small player.
        
       | cbxyp wrote:
       | Nixon confirmed not a Crook! "When a president does it, it's not
       | illegal" - Richard Nixon (1979)
        
       | grotorea wrote:
       | It's interesting that even in the Roman Republic the immunity
       | ended after the end of your term, and you could be prosecuted for
       | official acts taken during it. And even let to Caesar fighting to
       | keep himself in office at all times to avoid inevitable
       | prosecution. https://theconversation.com/from-caesar-to-trump-
       | immunity-is...
        
         | nostromo wrote:
         | The prosecution of Trump was likely a big reason he's running
         | again, for similar reasons. I'm not sure the prosecutors are
         | even smart enough to realize they're the reason we're at where
         | we're at.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | Trump's running again because his first pass in office was
           | wildly profitable, and he thinks he could get another shot at
           | it. And that's just considering the stuff we know about
           | (emoluments violations, government loans/grants to family
           | members, "investments" from Saudis). Who knows what he got
           | for access to those documents stored at Mar-a-Lago or things
           | we don't know anything about.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | Awfully bold of you to assume we are better governed than Rome
         | - back when ther was still such a thing as honor.
        
           | pvg wrote:
           | Stabbing your political rivals, marching armies at one's own
           | capital, etc are definitely considered less honourable in
           | these fallen times.
        
         | ClarityJones wrote:
         | It's not the man who's immune, but the office that he holds...
         | if you intend the office to survive.
        
         | lizardking wrote:
         | This is what has Netanyahu fighting for his political life at
         | the moment.
        
       | suid wrote:
       | Time for "Will nobody rid me of this troublesome priest?"
        
         | riskable wrote:
         | No, that's the _old way_. The new way is for the President to
         | issue an executive order to have their target officially
         | arrested, rendered somewhere overseas, and then follow up with
         | an official order to have them assassinated (just declare them
         | a foreign agent).
         | 
         | Any and all communications outside of the executive order would
         | not be admissible as evidence even if the DOJ _did_ want to
         | prosecute!
        
       | heleninboodler wrote:
       | Can't help but wondering if Joe is contemplating Seal Team Six's
       | summer plans right about now.
        
         | dinglestepup wrote:
         | Right, the best way to avoid fascism is to become a fascist
         | before your opponent does. In the name of democracy, of course.
        
           | riskable wrote:
           | Fascism is a _political ideology_ and system (sort of) that
           | requires a whole lot of people to keep it in place. A  "lone
           | President" assassinating his political rivals in a single act
           | is just a regular old dictator move. No fascism required.
        
             | dinglestepup wrote:
             | Assassinating your political opponents using the military
             | in the name of saving the nation fits quite neatly into the
             | definition of fascism. You don't need the system to be
             | fascist to be a fascist.
             | 
             | Since the prevailing view of Trump and MAGA Republicans is
             | that they are fascist, it's not a stretch to point out that
             | the proposal in the parent comment is far closer to
             | "actual" fascism than the actions of an incompetent
             | enabler.
        
       | kemotep wrote:
       | My limited understanding of the ruling:
       | 
       | The ruling states that the President is immune from prosecution
       | while exercising official duties of the office of President but
       | can be investigated by a special counsel that is appointed by an
       | act of Congress, and if successfully impeached and convicted can
       | then be charged with said crimes. "Unofficial" acts are not
       | protected by this immunity but a special counsel is still
       | required to be appointed by an act of Congress to investigate and
       | then bring forward charges.
       | 
       | Out of context this is quite reasonable and level headed. In
       | context of the hyper partisan landscape US politics are today,
       | doesn't seem likely without a supermajority opposition to be able
       | to bring charges against a president, for official or unofficial
       | acts that are crimes.
        
         | awb wrote:
         | On paper it makes sense. The people elect a congress charged
         | with checking the powers of the President. States can also pass
         | constitutional amendments to further limit or define the powers
         | of the President.
         | 
         | In reality, power can be consolidated to the point where these
         | checks and balances no longer work properly.
        
         | comex wrote:
         | You're mixing together a few different things.
         | 
         | - Trump's lawyers argued in this case that an ex-president can
         | only be charged with a crime if he was impeached and convicted
         | for that same act. But all of the justices rejected this view
         | today. The newly granted immunity is orthogonal to whether or
         | not the president is impeached.
         | 
         | - Though, the president does have to leave office somehow
         | before he can be prosecuted. He can't be prosecuted while still
         | sitting. This wasn't technically decided in this case, but the
         | parties mostly agreed as much beforehand, and the majority
         | opinion has a footnote approvingly citing an Office of Legal
         | Counsel memo to that effect.
         | 
         | - Separately, Trump's lawyers argued that the special counsel
         | that prosecuted him was not properly appointed by an act of
         | Congress. But the Supreme Court did not grant certiorari on
         | that issue and the majority opinion today did not address it.
         | Justice Thomas's solo concurring opinion, however, did address
         | it and agreed with Trump (but a concurring opinion has no legal
         | effect). In any case, this is a different question from whether
         | prosecutions of ex-presidents _must_ go through a special
         | counsel. As far as I know, there is no formal rule that would
         | require it, but it 's highly desirable as a way to avoid
         | political bias. That question didn't come up in this case,
         | though.
        
         | adriand wrote:
         | This ruling seems to open the door to a president being immune
         | from, say, commanding SEAL Team 6 to assassinate a political
         | rival.
         | 
         | "In its ruling, the Supreme Court decided there was no question
         | that Mr. Trump enjoyed immunity from being prosecuted for one
         | of those methods: his efforts to strong-arm the Justice
         | Department into validating his false claims that the election
         | had been marred by widespread fraud. That was because the
         | justices determined that Mr. Trump's interactions with top
         | officials in the department were clearly part of his official
         | duties as president." [1]
         | 
         | One of the president's official duties is to direct the
         | military to take actions that protect the country. Biden can
         | reasonably claim Trump is a threat to democracy, and can
         | officially request him to be killed. Right? If not why not?
         | 
         | 1: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/01/us/politics/supreme-
         | court...
        
         | Ancapistani wrote:
         | > Out of context this is quite reasonable and level headed.
         | 
         | That's why I'm opposed to making changes to the way the Court
         | is selected and empaneled.
         | 
         | The fact that it's inconvenient for one party right now is
         | irrelevant. It'll be inconvenient for the other party soon
         | enough.
         | 
         | > In context of the hyper partisan landscape US politics are
         | today, doesn't seem likely without a supermajority opposition
         | to be able to bring charges against a president, for official
         | or unofficial acts that are crimes.
         | 
         | Good. If it were easy to bring charges against a President,
         | then Presidents wouldn't be able to do anything they were
         | elected to do.
         | 
         | The failure of that protection at the end of the term is one of
         | the major reasons for the end of the Roman Republic. If you
         | repeatedly make powerful political figures choose between
         | prosecution and violence, it won't take long for one of them to
         | choose violence.
         | 
         | The fact that we've peacefully transitioned between presidents
         | ~45 times is honestly rather amazing.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | > Good. If it were easy to bring charges against a President,
           | then Presidents wouldn't be able to do anything they were
           | elected to do.
           | 
           | Leaving aside the difference between "bringing charges" and
           | "successfully bringing charges," there's a big gap between
           | "easy" and "impossible." Nobody wants presidents to be
           | criminally liable for the things they do in good faith. But
           | this ruling makes good faith irrelevant; it doesn't matter
           | why they do an official act, it's immune.
           | 
           | The fact is that a former president exerted pressure on
           | government officials in a way that would halt a lawful
           | election and coordinated to subvert its true results by
           | presenting fake results. In determining whether that was an
           | official act, we cannot reference his motivations or his
           | private records according to the SC's ruling.
           | 
           | Allow the motivation for official acts to be taken into
           | consideration for prosecution, and a lot of the problems go
           | away.
        
           | HaZeust wrote:
           | >The fact that it's inconvenient for one party right now is
           | irrelevant. It'll be inconvenient for the other party soon
           | enough.
           | 
           | I _hate_ to dive into conspiratorial thought; but with a
           | ruling so brazen, they might think this, and a few other
           | steps, will bid them enough time to not worry about the other
           | party having a slice of their same cake for the foreseeable
           | future.
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | This court has blown up civil rights, legalized machine guns
       | (bump stocks), blown up any ability to regulate with chevron and
       | now elevates the president to king in order to give the president
       | that appointed them immunity. How long before sotomayor rage
       | quits. I guess this ruling means Biden can send some thugs to
       | forcibly retire them? Let's just have a fully political court
       | that flip flops what the laws mean every four years.
        
         | riskable wrote:
         | Replacing the court every four years wouldn't be that bad if
         | the courts were more efficient. As it stands, however, cases
         | can take _over a decade_ during which any such SCOTUS rulings
         | could flip flop entirely, resulting in legal chaos (which would
         | be bad).
         | 
         | Change isn't necessarily a bad thing... Imagine if we had a new
         | court every four years and one of them behaved like the current
         | SCOTUS, overturning over a hundred years of precedent basically
         | every chance they get. The damage could be undone just as
         | quickly.
        
         | agensaequivocum wrote:
         | Federal law defines "machine gun", a bump stock clearly doesn't
         | meet it.
        
           | sirbutters wrote:
           | No need to be pedantic about it. Bump stocks can do just as
           | much damage as a full auto weapon. SC is fine with that
           | accessory in the hands of millions of citizens. As if we
           | didn't have enough gun violence in this country.
        
       | qqtt wrote:
       | It's really impossible to understand and determine before hand
       | how the court would rule on any of these theoretical cases that
       | may result as a consequence of this decision. It is up to further
       | cases to actually establish was constitutes "official" versus
       | "unofficial" capacities as President and we can absolutely not
       | guess before hand what that entails. From the decision, it seems
       | that only those duties constitutionally mandated would fall under
       | the "official" capacity, with quite a lot of leeway for
       | determining how to evaluate individual actions.
       | 
       | Also I think we should all be reminded that there is separation
       | of powers for a reason. The President is ultimately largely
       | beholden to Congress. The government cannot sink into a
       | dictatorship without the explicit approval of the majority of
       | Congress. It is Congress' duty to remove Presidents from office
       | that it feels are a danger to the country.
       | 
       | All these checks and balances still exist and will still be
       | enforced. The President can not unilaterally go off the rails as
       | many of these extreme hypotheticals seem to be implying.
        
         | suzzer99 wrote:
         | > It's really impossible to understand and determine before
         | hand how the court would rule on any of these theoretical cases
         | that may result as a consequence of this decision.
         | 
         | I've got a pretty good guess, and it will be based on the
         | political party of the defendant.
        
         | riskable wrote:
         | > The President is ultimately largely beholden to Congress. The
         | government cannot sink into a dictatorship without the explicit
         | approval of the majority of Congress.
         | 
         | This is nonsense. The President can just assassinate all of
         | their political rivals in Congress that would hold them to
         | account. Before this ruling there was an assumption that any
         | such actions would be prosecuted after the President was no
         | longer in office (assuming they didn't have enough power to
         | interfere with a free election). Now that can't realistically
         | happen.
         | 
         | There's a reason why folks are saying this ruling, "paves the
         | way to a dictatorship"!
        
           | qqtt wrote:
           | This is not really true though. Congress is responsible for
           | granting authority to the President regarding valid military
           | targets. This is why drone strikes are only legal against
           | targets recognized by Congress as security threats. It cannot
           | realistically happen for the President to start targeting
           | individuals outside of Congressional authority.
           | 
           | For your hypothetical situation to arise, Congress would have
           | to declare members of Congress themselves as valid military
           | targets.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | > For your hypothetical situation to arise, Congress would
             | have to declare members of Congress themselves as valid
             | military targets.
             | 
             | Or just add them to the
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disposition_Matrix.
             | 
             | "As reported previously, United States citizens may be
             | listed as targets for killing in the database. Suspects are
             | not formally charged of any crime nor offered a trial in
             | their defense. Obama administration lawyers have asserted
             | that U.S. citizens alleged to be members of Al Qaeda and
             | said to pose an "imminent threat of violent attack" against
             | the United States may be killed without judicial process.
             | The legal arguments of U.S. officials for this policy were
             | leaked to NBC News in February 2013, in the form of
             | briefing papers summarizing legal memos from October 2011."
        
               | qqtt wrote:
               | A relevant decision by a Federal judge regarding the
               | legality of the disposition matrix, concerning
               | specifically US citizens abroad:
               | 
               | https://ecf.dcd.uscourts.gov/cgi-
               | bin/show_public_doc?2012cv1...
               | 
               | It's an interesting read, but part of the argument was
               | that there were Congressional checks and balances in
               | place for security threat review and congress authorized
               | force against the group in question which essentially
               | gave the executive branch authority to add the specific
               | targets in question.
               | 
               | The legality of the disposition matrix at large can still
               | be tested and re-tested depending on the specific actions
               | of the executive branch.
        
           | nataliste wrote:
           | If president has gone rogue and is assassinating members of
           | congress (or rival candidates, _why would they need legal
           | immunity_? Assassinating opponents is _already_ the action of
           | someone that refuses to relinquish office and has _de facto_
           | immunity. They don 't need the validation of the Supreme
           | Court to do this; nobody is going to charge them in the case
           | that it'll bring a death sentence.
        
             | tines wrote:
             | > why would they need legal immunity?
             | 
             | Because there's a gap between here and there, and we don't
             | want to make that gap narrower than it already is. The
             | president can now do a whole lot of illegal shit that falls
             | short of "assassinating anyone at any time," and face no
             | consequences. By allowing one we inch closer to the other.
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | This seems like a "there's no way to get a bug in the hypervisor
       | fixed" moment.
        
       | gaoshan wrote:
       | Now I'm wondering what constitutes an "official act". Is is
       | anything at all done while President or is it things that fall
       | under the normal official duties of President? If it's the former
       | then a President is free to murder anyone, if it's the latter
       | then what is official about a random homicide?
        
       | stevefeinstein wrote:
       | It's time to test this ruling. Joe Biden can have let's say oh,
       | about six supreme court justices detained for suspicion some
       | wishy-washy thing or another.
        
         | neogodless wrote:
         | There's no winning if you're on the side that _kind of_ leans
         | towards playing fair.
         | 
         | We can't protect democracy by throwing it out the door, and
         | hoping you still get elected come fall. If Biden would _take
         | advantage_ of this ruling in a way the American public doesn 't
         | like, he won't be elected. So he would have to further throw
         | out democracy the way Trump is comfortable doing, by ignoring
         | the election results.
         | 
         | But enough Americans seem to be leaning towards re-electing
         | Trump such that he'll have 4 more years in office to _perform
         | official acts_ to his heart 's content and set himself up for
         | whatever he has in mind by the end of his term, January 2029.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | Lincoln didn't save the Republic by being a nice guy.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | The Supreme Court took what should be a straightforward and
       | elegant decision -- the president is immune from prosecution for
       | acts committed in office unless he has been impeached for those
       | acts -- and turned it into angels-on-the-head-of-a-pin litigation
       | about what constitutes official and unofficial acts.
       | 
       | Starting on page 44 of the opinion, Thomas makes some very good
       | points.                   I write separately to highlight another
       | way in which this prosecution may violate our constitutional
       | structure. In this case, the Attorney General purported to
       | appoint a private citizen as Special Counsel to prosecute a
       | former President on behalf of the United States. But, I am not
       | sure that any office for the Special Counsel has been
       | "established by Law," as the Constitution requires. Art. II, SS2,
       | cl. 2. By requiring that Congress create federal offices "by
       | Law," the Constitution imposes an important check against the
       | President--he cannot create offices at his pleasure. If there is
       | no law establishing the office that the Special Counsel occupies,
       | then he cannot proceed with this prosecution. A private citizen
       | cannot criminally prosecute anyone, let alone a former President.
       | No former President has faced criminal prosecution for his acts
       | while in office in the more than 200 years since the founding of
       | our country. And, that is so despite numerous past Presidents
       | taking actions that many would argue constitute crimes. If this
       | unprecedented prosecution is to proceed, it must be conducted by
       | someone duly authorized to do so by the American people. The
       | lower courts should thus answer these essential questions
       | concerning the Special Counsel's appointment before proceeding.
       | ...                  Even if the Special Counsel has a valid
       | office, questions remain as to whether the Attorney General
       | filled that office in compliance with the Appointments Clause.
       | For example, it must be determined whether the Special Counsel is
       | a principal or inferior officer. If the former, his appointment
       | is invalid because the Special Counsel was not nominated by the
       | President and confirmed by the Senate, as principal officers must
       | be. Art. II, SS2, cl. 2. Even if he is an inferior officer, the
       | Attorney General could appoint him without Presidential
       | nomination and senatorial confirmation only if "Congress . . . by
       | law vest[ed] the Appointment" in the Attorney General as a
       | "Hea[d] of Department." Ibid. So, the Special Counsel's
       | appointment is invalid unless a statute created the Special
       | Counsel's office and gave the Attorney General the power to fill
       | it "by Law."                   Whether the Special Counsel's
       | office was "established by Law" is not a trifling technicality.
       | If Congress has not reached a consensus that a particular office
       | should exist, the Executive lacks the power to unilaterally
       | create and then fill that office. Given that the Special Counsel
       | purports to wield the Executive Branch's power to prosecute, the
       | consequences are weighty. Our Constitution's separation of
       | powers, including its separation of the powers to create and
       | filled offices, is "the absolutely central guarantee of a just
       | Government" and the liberty that it secures for us all. Morrison,
       | 487 U. S., at 697 (Scalia, J., dissenting). There is no
       | prosecution that can justify imperiling it.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | These are terrible points! Asserting that a special prosecutor
         | is akin to a private prosecutor is absurd. They are just like
         | other prosecutors, the only reason to use a special prosecutor
         | is to avoid making the case seem political.
         | 
         | Also, the fact that other Presidents did illegal shit and we
         | didn't prosecute them, thus they are above the law is also
         | absurd.
         | 
         | The current ruling whips out the, "there's nothing in the
         | constitution stating we can do things we've always done" when
         | its convenient, then goes on to say, "we've always been doing
         | it this way, implying it's in the constitution" when its
         | convenient.
        
           | nickburns wrote:
           | > These are terrible points! Asserting that a special
           | prosecutor is akin to a private prosecutor is absurd.
           | 
           | what, pray tell, is a "private prosecutor"?
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | You can bring private prosecution at the state level. edit:
             | in certain states
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | that's quite literally an oxymoronic statement.
        
       | GreedIsGood wrote:
       | BTW, great title.
       | 
       | There have been multiple awful titles of for this ruling, yours
       | was exactly correct.
        
       | ChildOfEru wrote:
       | > (3) Presidents cannot be indicted based on conduct for which
       | they are immune from prosecution. On remand, the District Court
       | must carefully analyze the indictment's remaining allegations to
       | determine whether they too involve conduct for which a President
       | must be immune from prosecution. And the parties and the District
       | Court must ensure that sufficient allegations support the
       | indictment's charges without such conduct. Testimony or private
       | records of the President or his advisers probing such conduct may
       | not be admitted as evidence at trial. Pp. 30-32
       | 
       | For example, from my understanding this means that Nixon's tapes
       | could never have been used in any form in a criminal trial
       | regarding Nixon's actions.
       | 
       | In today's political environment I don't see an impeachment ever
       | succeeding unless the opposing party has a super-majority in the
       | US Senate.
        
         | throwaway4220 wrote:
         | Nixon resigned knowing an impeachment was pending. I cannot
         | imagine that ever happening today.
        
           | tstrimple wrote:
           | Conservatives since Nixon have been working to ensure none of
           | them could be taken down like he was. This is just the final
           | chapter in them successfully implementing their plan that
           | began with Fox News.
        
             | dgellow wrote:
             | That started in 1982 with the Federal Society
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalist_Society
        
           | tootie wrote:
           | We are still paying the price for Watergate. The Saturday
           | Night Massacre was Nixon's attempt to use his executive
           | authority to prevent his investigation. The loyalist who
           | ended up being his third AG of the day was Robert Bork. First
           | Ford declined to prosecute, then Reagan nominates Bork to the
           | SC and suddenly SC appointments become combative partisan
           | affairs
        
         | alluro2 wrote:
         | I don't understand what weight impeachment still holds in
         | today's world. Trump was impeached twice - and? If Trump, in
         | his second term, is supposed to be held liable through fear of
         | impeachment for his actions, I'm afraid it won't be the
         | counter-weight the Founding Fathers envisioned.
        
           | SubiculumCode wrote:
           | Impeachment is not conviction.
        
             | HaZeust wrote:
             | Might as well have been. It's easier to indict a conviction
             | of a high ranking figure 4 times over than it is playing
             | the political game of a successful impeachment.
        
               | efitz wrote:
               | An impeachment (by the House of Representatives) is
               | analagous to an indictment.
               | 
               | The trial is held in the Senate, and the Senators serve
               | as a judge-less jury.
               | 
               | Partisan impeachment is rightfully difficult, by design.
               | Juries either have to be unanimous or a super-majority,
               | depending on venue. If you can't get a small fraction of
               | the opposition party to agree with the charges, the
               | charges are defective.
               | 
               | If the charges are "here's some crap we scraped together,
               | let's throw it at the wall and see if it sticks", then it
               | deserves to fail. It failed under Clinton and under
               | Trump, partly for partisan reasons but mostly because
               | senators didn't think the charges rose to the level of
               | "high crimes and misdemeanors". Dershowitz has some
               | really good analysis on this.
               | 
               | The founders weren't all convinced that impeachment was
               | even necessary; the president's term is only 4 years.
               | Many were rightfully concerned that impeachment would
               | become a spectacle used by a opposition House to damage
               | the sitting president. And that's what it has become,
               | since the 90's.
               | 
               | No one can preside over a country when any ambitious DA
               | anywhere can drag you into court afterwards. I think the
               | decision today was a good one.
               | 
               | But also think about it this way: no matter how you feel
               | about Trump, imagine how you'd feel if
               | $YOUR_PREFERRED_CANDIDATE was president and lawfare was
               | being conducted against that person by $OPPOSITION_PARTY.
               | 
               | The majority in the court was wise today and closed the
               | door firmly on lawfare as an alternative to campaigning,
               | for all presidents moving forward.
        
               | HaZeust wrote:
               | Complete malarkey.
               | 
               | >"An impeachment (by the House of Representatives) is
               | analogous to an indictment. The trial is held in the
               | Senate, and the Senators serve as a judge-less jury."
               | 
               | Impeachment may be analogous to an indictment, but it has
               | become a political tool, not a true check on presidential
               | power.
               | 
               | >"Partisan impeachment is rightfully difficult, by
               | design. Juries either have to be unanimous or a super-
               | majority, depending on venue. If you can't get a small
               | fraction of the opposition party to agree with the
               | charges, the charges are defective."
               | 
               | The difficulty of impeachment due to partisan bias
               | undermines its purpose. Historical impeachments show the
               | Senate often votes along party lines, ignoring the
               | evidence. There's reason for that.
               | 
               | >"The founders weren't all convinced that impeachment was
               | even necessary; the president's term is only 4 years.
               | Many were rightfully concerned that impeachment would
               | become a spectacle used by an opposition House to damage
               | the sitting president."
               | 
               | Impeachment was included _exactly_ because the president
               | can cause immense harm, even in four years - and you are
               | undermining the importance the Founders saw in it,
               | especially enough to include it.
               | 
               | >"No one can preside over a country when any ambitious DA
               | anywhere can drag you into court afterwards. I think the
               | decision today was a good one."
               | 
               |  _No one_ should be above the law, lest we flirt with
               | Kingship, which is especially unappealing given our
               | history.
               | 
               | >"The majority in the court was wise today and closed the
               | door firmly on lawfare as an alternative to campaigning,
               | for all presidents moving forward."
               | 
               | This ruling is a very, VERY dangerous precedent,
               | suggesting presidents are untouchable. Clinton v. Jones
               | showed legal accountability can coexist with presidential
               | duties
               | 
               | --------------------
               | 
               | Like I said here [1], "[Lawfare in the executive] wasn't
               | even a problem before the last 4 years, and the only
               | times it were - was when the suspecting president agreed
               | they broke the law and stepped down, or got impeached.
               | 
               | We have monarchy after monarchy to show that sovereign
               | immunity within leaders builds toxic ontological
               | relationships between participants of a political system,
               | and often invites tyranny. Your suspicions, for 238 years
               | straight, have been amiss."
               | 
               | 1 -
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40847963#40851373
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | Conviction at impeachment can result in removal from office
           | and being barred from holding office again.
           | 
           | It requires the senate to do its job though.
        
         | claytongulick wrote:
         | > In today's political environment I don't see an impeachment
         | ever succeeding unless the opposing party has a super-majority
         | in the US Senate.
         | 
         | It's supposed to be hard to do. Impeachment is intended to be
         | reserved for egregious violations or actions that most of
         | congress (and by proxy, the citizenry) agree on.
        
           | goda90 wrote:
           | If only Congress were a proxy for the citizenry, but
           | gerrymandering has ruined that.
        
           | karmajunkie wrote:
           | it's supposed to be hard. not impossible. and it's pretty
           | clear at least to me that the authors of the constitution
           | very clearly intended presidents like trump to be thrown out
           | of office.
        
             | luxuryballs wrote:
             | the constitution loves presidents like Trump, because he
             | actually acted as a constitutional president while in
             | office instead of being a figurehead for manufacturing
             | consent on behalf of the global hegemony
        
         | austin-cheney wrote:
         | Impeachment is not considered a criminal proceeding, but a
         | political one. It just serves to authorize a criminal
         | proceeding by the senate. If Nixon's tapes could not be used
         | during a criminal proceeding they could still be used in a push
         | for an impeachment.
         | 
         | But, yes, an impeachment or senate trial is likely unthinkable
         | without a super majority. Driving conformity/uniformity is the
         | goal of party politics.
        
         | ensignavenger wrote:
         | How do you conclude that? It is my understanding that the Nixon
         | tapes were recordings of conversations Nixon had with campaign
         | staff as a candidate, and as the Supreme Court held, actions
         | taken as a candidate are not official actions and are therefore
         | not subject to immunity.
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | If it gets interpreted more clearly this way in subsequent
           | Supreme Court decisions (because there will definitely be
           | 1+), then I like the ruling.
           | 
           | To me, it's clear that there's {President-the-President} and
           | {President-the-candidate}. Furthermore, campaign staff are
           | explicitly not federal employees nor members of the executive
           | branch.
           | 
           | What really needs to happen, and I believe what the Court was
           | promoting the legislative branch to do, is for Congress to
           | pass laws circumscribing Presidential authority specifically
           | around elections.
           | 
           | In the form of can-do and can't-do.
        
           | monetus wrote:
           | Nixon still had the presidency as he ran for reelection,
           | allowing for the argument that tapes of anyone under the
           | Whitehouse's employ were inadmissible official acts.
        
             | torstenvl wrote:
             | Immunity is not admissibility. They are orthogonal.
             | 
             | Law enforcement has qualified immunity for the vast
             | majority of what they do in an official capacity. That
             | doesn't mean their testimony about what they do in an
             | official capacity is inadmissible, including if they
             | testify about what other law enforcement officers did.
        
               | monetus wrote:
               | The problem is that official conduct is inadmissible as
               | evidence for even an unofficial crime, from what I
               | understand. On that point, Barrett and the other women
               | justices dissented from the majority, with "official
               | acts" being a nebulous term.
        
           | csb6 wrote:
           | If this ruling would have been in force back then, Nixon
           | could have argued that the conversations were done in his
           | official role as president. For example, a conversation with
           | his chief of staff about ordering the CIA perform a coverup
           | could be considered "official business" since he was talking
           | to a top executive branch official and directing an executive
           | branch agency to take an action.
           | 
           | The distinction between "official" and "unofficial" becomes
           | meaningless when a president can use their official powers to
           | do illegal things that benefit themselves in an unofficial
           | capacity. Hence the absurd conclusion that, apparently, a
           | president cannot be prosecuted for assassinating their
           | opponent using Seal Team 6.
        
         | luxuryballs wrote:
         | I think it would easily succeed if there was actually a real
         | actual reason to use it and not just a political stunt in the
         | lower house.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | The phrase "probing such conduct" refers back to the "conduct
         | for which a president must be immune from prosecution." So what
         | it's saying is that you can't use tapes relating to protected
         | official acts.
         | 
         | So Nixon tapes discussing his campaign probably would be
         | admissible.
        
       | greentxt wrote:
       | I'm imaging an index that measures the semantic similarity
       | between reddit and hn threads on a particular topic. I feel like
       | adding that measure to front page to allow users to sort threads
       | would be beneficial in increasing signal-to-noise and help hn
       | maintain a more distinct brand identity.
        
         | TimTheTinker wrote:
         | Comparing HN to reddit is expressly off-topic:
         | 
         | > Please don't post comments saying that HN is turning into
         | Reddit. It's a semi-noob illusion, as old as the hills.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
       | itissid wrote:
       | Barret mentioned that: If one bribes the president in appointment
       | of an official - like an embassador - since the appointment of
       | the embassador is an official act, under this ruling, one cannot
       | bring this as evidence to the jury in a criminal trial because it
       | was part of an official act.
        
       | WheatMillington wrote:
       | Does anyone know where I can find a nuanced view on this issue?
        
         | Clubber wrote:
         | I would certainly read the opinions directly. You probably
         | won't find a rational nuanced view from any forum or news
         | outlet today.
         | 
         | https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24785411-trump-v-uni...
        
       | paulryanrogers wrote:
       | How have presidents _not_ been paralyzed by fear of prosecution
       | until now?
       | 
       | Strange that only now, with a super majority of conservatives and
       | a 'conservative' former president facing insurrection charges,
       | that such a ruling should come down.
       | 
       | And all this after McConnell assured us that impeachment wasn't
       | appropriate for a 'criminal' matter like January 6.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | "It is my duty to protect American democracy so I killed my un-
       | democratic challenger".
       | 
       | This opens a can of worms - no one can today imagine what that
       | means, with a willy nilly fluffy definition of official act.
        
       | autoexecbat wrote:
       | Hopefully everyone is now motivated to clear up legislation
       | regarding what a President may or may not do as part of their
       | official actions
        
       | sharpshadow wrote:
       | Really expected result. How would the US not give their
       | presidents immunity. This counts for all of them not only for
       | Trump and in conjunction anything else would simply be
       | impossible.
        
       | jmward01 wrote:
       | The reality with this ruling is it will embolden future
       | presidents to do things that are to their advantage even if they
       | think those actions may be illegal. Presidents don't need more
       | protection from people. We the people need more protection from
       | them.
        
         | Vegenoid wrote:
         | This is the best way I've heard it put. The United States was
         | founded to escape rulers who were above the law, and the
         | Constitution was created to protect it. For the justices who
         | claim to be primarily driven by the constitution to make this
         | ruling seems bizarre, and it's hard for me to see it in any
         | other way than partisan bias.
         | 
         | The president does not need this power and protection. The past
         | 2 years are the first time this 'prosecuting a former
         | president' thing has been an issue, and there are lots of
         | unusual circumstances around it. To give the president such
         | power in response to this seems like a very, very, very bad
         | idea.
         | 
         | Presidents do not need protection from the people, the people
         | need protection from presidents.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | The US killed itself.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Maybe this is a good time to finish my dual citizenship
       | application with Norway.
        
       | asdff wrote:
       | Can anyone pencil out the real danger of this position?
       | Sotomayors opinion seems to posit that a president can receive a
       | bribe and pardon someone for that and this is an official, immune
       | act. However, I don't think soliciting a bribe would be
       | considered an official act of the POTUS, and by what I have been
       | able to understand from this opinion would still be subject to
       | prosecution. I also think that this opinion seems to be exactly
       | in line with existing legal precedent. Truman was never
       | prosecuted for the massacres he presided on. Nixon was never
       | prosecuted. Reagen was never prosecuted. We just don't seem to
       | ever prosecute ex presidents at all whether we had this opinion
       | to spell it out for us or not.
        
         | BadHumans wrote:
         | With the Court killing the Chevron Deference, they have given
         | themselves all the power to decide what is an official act and
         | what isn't. Anything not spelled out in plain terms will be
         | interpreted by them and nothing is spelled in plain terms.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | I though the chevron deference related to how federal orgs
           | like e.g. the epa pen their own policy and trying to put that
           | policy writing power back into the legislative branch vs
           | through the executive who appoints these orgs? I am not
           | educated in law and would like to clear up some of my
           | misunderstanding.
        
             | metabagel wrote:
             | So, this is about connecting the dots between different
             | Supreme Court decisions.
             | 
             | Further reading...
             | 
             | https://harvardlawreview.org/forum/vol-136/the-imperial-
             | supr...
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | This comment is a classic example of the ridiculous state of
           | discourse around the Supreme Court right now on HN. So many
           | people are trying to process legal theories through the
           | amygdala and the result is a legal word soup that doesn't
           | actually have any meaning.
           | 
           | Chevron deference has absolutely zero to do with this and
           | never would have. I'd go deeper, but Brandolini's Law is real
           | and I simply don't have the energy any more.
        
             | BadHumans wrote:
             | I'm certainly not law trained and open to being wrong so if
             | you could find the energy I'm happy to listen. My reading
             | of the situation is that the main confusion here is what
             | constitutes an official act and a non-official act. With
             | the removal of the Chevron Deference, all of the
             | interpretation of ambiguous law now rest with the courts.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | It's nothing about you personally, it's that this thread
               | is filled with _hundreds_ of bad takes and I actually can
               | 't keep up. The bullshit asymmetry principle is working
               | hard today because actually doing the work of
               | understanding the law takes time.
               | 
               | The short version is that _Chevron_ was not a doctrine
               | used in any and all cases where the law was ambiguous, it
               | was always about whether an _administrative_ agency 's
               | interpretation of the law was permissible. The subjects
               | under consideration here do not fall under administrative
               | law [0] and so _Chevron_ would never have been relevant.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/administrative_law
        
         | metabagel wrote:
         | Trump is being prosecuted right now. That's what this case is
         | about.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | But he is being prosecuted for fraud not for an official act
           | as president
        
             | laidoffamazon wrote:
             | He was prosecuted for fraud and he is also being prosecuted
             | for things he did as president on January 6th and after his
             | presidency.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | And the court very specifically leaves open the
               | possibility that he's guilty for his actions on January
               | 6th if he was acting in his capacity as a candidate for
               | office.
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | As they should, as that wasn't the issue before them.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | The issue is he did many things _also_ in his capacity as
               | president
        
         | BWStearns wrote:
         | The issue is that this could prevent even opening up the
         | discussion of whether a transaction was a bribe if the former
         | president can claim it was an official act.
         | 
         | Nixon was never prosecuted because he was pardoned so the
         | official acts stuff is moot. Crimes committed in war/putting
         | down rebellion/etc are bad but more clearly within the scope of
         | official acts than anything Trump is accused of.
         | 
         | Reagan, to the extent that he did/didn't coordinate with Iran
         | to delay the hostage release, would be the closest parallel
         | since it would have been a crime (Hatch act violation) in the
         | direct pursuit of winning an election. But that was before he
         | was president so this also wouldn't be relevant for today's
         | ruling.
         | 
         | We don't prosecute ex presidents often because most of them
         | either don't commit crimes or the ones they do are arguably
         | part of the job. Trying to prevent the legitimate transfer of
         | power is not close to a part of the job. The opposite in fact.
         | Nixon only gets pardoned because he agrees to fuck off and
         | spare the country the shitshow we currently have.
        
         | 1668911361 wrote:
         | One danger, to quote Barrett's in-part concurrence (p.66 of the
         | ruling) is:
         | 
         | > The Constitution, of course, does not authorize a President
         | to seek or accept bribes, so the Government may prosecute him
         | if he does so. [... citations ...] Yet excluding from trial any
         | mention of the official act connected to the bribe would
         | hamstring the prosecution. To make sense of charges alleging a
         | quid pro quo, the jury must be allowed to hear about both the
         | quid and the quo, even if the quo, standing alone, could not be
         | a basis for the President's criminal liability.
         | 
         | (I wanted to quote Barrett since she's a Trump-appointed
         | justice.)
        
       | vlovich123 wrote:
       | I think the saddest thing is how lying under oath during a Senate
       | confirmation hearing doesn't revoke the confirmation.
       | 
       | Basically Kavanaugh did what everyone said he would and he
       | overturned US v Nixon even though he lied about it during his
       | confirmation even though before he argued repeatedly it was a bad
       | decision. So either he lied or he miraculously changed his
       | beliefs for the duration of the Senate hearing.
       | 
       | https://www.peoplefor.org/press-releases/fact-check-kavanaug...
        
         | amadeuspagel wrote:
         | I think the saddest thing is that judges are expected to answer
         | how they would rule on specific cases to be confirmed. What is
         | even the point of an independent supreme court, if politicians
         | can have guarantees as to how specific cases are decided?
        
           | standardUser wrote:
           | Kavanaugh was not _forced_ to lie under oath, he chose to.
        
           | skhunted wrote:
           | _I think the saddest thing is that judges are expected to
           | answer how they would rule on specific cases to be
           | confirmed._
           | 
           | That's the sad part? We have different perceptions reality.
        
           | torstenvl wrote:
           | Appreciate your moral courage in going against the grain on
           | HN. Not _as_ sad, but still deeply sad that a site that
           | prohibits ideological battle in its guidelines has become
           | powerless to stop Twittermobbing on here.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | I'm normally one who will defend HN as being a haven for
             | calm, rational disagreement, but these Supreme Court ruling
             | discussions are _really_ bad.
             | 
             | Someone's going to come along and tell me that the vitriol
             | is necessary and good because the Supreme Court is so
             | clearly and unequivocally evil, but that's just the point.
             | Even the threads on the Israel-Hamas war have had better-
             | quality discussions with more nuance than the hot takes and
             | hatred that have been plaguing HN the last few weeks on
             | these threads.
             | 
             | We can do better. I've seen it.
        
               | skhunted wrote:
               | But if one really does believe the rulings are that bad
               | and that they portend very bad things to come then a
               | person should say as much. I can calmly and rationally
               | say that these decisions are terrible. It's not, in my
               | opinion, hyperbole for me to say so. I could be wrong in
               | my assessment but I don't think I am.
               | 
               | For the first time in American history a select group of
               | people are immune from the law as long as the acts occur
               | while carrying out their jobs. That's a big deal. I can
               | see that soon someone will claim immunity because they
               | carried out an order of the President and their immunity
               | extends to those carrying out "official acts" of the
               | President.
        
           | 1668911361 wrote:
           | I'm genuinely curious--what should the senate be voting
           | for/against when they confirm a supreme court justice, if not
           | how'd they rule on certain topics?
        
             | ajcp wrote:
             | How about their qualifications for the posting? I'm not
             | sure I'd want to appoint anyone to a judgeship who already
             | knows how they'd pass judgement on a case that's not before
             | them. Otherwise what's the point of a hearing or a trial?
        
               | 1668911361 wrote:
               | Nominees for the supreme court usually have already been
               | judges and written legal opinions. A senator could say "I
               | read the facts of [some past ruling], and I disagree with
               | the ruling, and therefore doubt their competency to be on
               | the supreme court."
               | 
               | Additionally, supreme court nominees are not selected at
               | random--it's no accident that conservative presidents
               | nominate conservative justices and liberal presidents
               | nominate liberal justices. Nominees are selected by the
               | president because the president thinks they'll like the
               | way the nominee would rule in the future.
               | 
               | Qualified judges have a broad spectrum of opinions. When
               | faced with the question, "should _this_ person have a
               | lifetime supreme court appointment," I don't see how a
               | senator could avoid considering how a nominee might rule
               | in the future.
        
           | Hasu wrote:
           | An "independent supreme court" historically means
           | "independent from the executive", as prior to the formation
           | of the United States government under the constitution,
           | judiciaries were part of the executive.
           | 
           | It does not mean that Congress can't have political
           | qualifications for justices, and in fact _George Washington_
           | had a failed nomination because his nominee was politically
           | unpopular.
        
         | Natsu wrote:
         | > I think the saddest thing is how lying under oath during a
         | Senate confirmation hearing doesn't revoke the confirmation.
         | 
         | Impeachment is a difficult process. Given that Trump survived
         | (twice), I'm not sure this would work:
         | 
         | https://www.axios.com/2024/06/14/scotus-supreme-court-claren...
         | 
         | > [Kavanaugh] lied about it during his confirmation
         | 
         | Kavanaugh said Roe was "entitled the respect under principles
         | of stare decisis" and similar remarks. But that still leaves it
         | in a category that can and has been overturned by past courts.
         | Here are a few such examples where they overturned settled
         | precedents entitled to deference under the principles of stare
         | decisis: https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/a-short-list-of-
         | overturn...
         | 
         | Once you know that such rulings can and have been overturned
         | before, you can see that he never once said anything at all
         | like "I won't (or can't) overturn Roe" in his comments. You can
         | find his comments in full here:
         | 
         | https://www.factcheck.org/2022/05/what-gorsuch-kavanaugh-and...
         | 
         | You can say that this makes his comments misleading to people
         | who don't realize that stare decisis doesn't mean that SCOTUS
         | can't or won't overturn a past ruling, but the fact that
         | "everyone said he would" overturn Roe really cuts against that
         | his statements actually mislead anyone.
        
         | generalizations wrote:
         | That site said he praised the decision. That's a far cry from
         | lying under oath that he wouldn't repeal it. Is there anything
         | more specific that he said?
        
           | vlovich123 wrote:
           | Well he previously had said it was a very wrong decision,
           | then praised it to get confirmed & then pretty quickly
           | overturned it. You'd have to squint really hard to see the
           | testimony as honest.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | Since that site includes a very very small quote out of
         | context, here's a link to the actual transcript of the hearing
         | [0].
         | 
         | > So I think the first thing that makes a good judge is
         | independence, not being swayed by political or public pressure.
         | That takes some backbone. That takes some judicial fortitude.
         | 
         | > The great moments in American judicial history, the judges
         | had backbone and independence. You think about _Youngstown
         | Steel_. You think about, for example, _Brown v. Board of
         | Education_ , where the Court came together and knew they were
         | going to face political pressure and still enforced the promise
         | of the Constitution.
         | 
         | > You think about _United States v. Nixon_ , which I have
         | identified as one of the greatest moments in American judicial
         | history, where Chief Justice Burger, who had been appointed by
         | President Nixon, brought the Court together in a unanimous
         | decision to order President Nixon, in response to a criminal
         | trial subpoena, to disclose information. Those great moments of
         | independence and unanimity are important.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-115shrg32765/pdf/CH...
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | Kavanaugh "lied" because in 1999, he criticized an aspect of
         | the Nixon ruling but 19 years later, in a response to a
         | softball question from a Republican senator, called it "one of
         | the greatest moments in American judicial history", repeating
         | what he wrote in 2016?
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://transcripts.cnn.com/show/cnr/date/2018-09-05/segment...
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3383...
        
       | jordanb wrote:
       | "If the president does it, that makes it legal." -- Richard Nixon
        
       | openasocket wrote:
       | Frankly, this is terrifying. The decision gives complete criminal
       | immunity from any "official acts" as President. It goes on to
       | define that term so broadly as to include any conversation with
       | Justice department officials. Under a plain reading, a President
       | is more than welcome to instruct the Justice department to
       | investigate or charge anyone, or to not investigate certain
       | crimes, and that is completely permissible. Soliciting bribes to
       | not prosecute is now fair game.
       | 
       | I find it particularly concerning regarding the military. The
       | President is Commander in Chief, and thus any orders he gives or
       | attempts to give to the military would be undeniably official
       | acts. This was even brought up in oral arguments, where it was
       | asked of Trump's council "if the President ordered Seal Team 6 to
       | assassinate a political rival, would that be considered an
       | official act?" I find it absolutely terrifying that this
       | possibility was brought up, and any mention of the military is
       | conspicuously absent from the majority decision, even in passing
       | (though Sotomayor explicitly brings it up in her dissent).
       | 
       | The most concerning part is how this decision is being made
       | entirely on constitutional grounds. At least in the case of Rowe
       | v Wade being overturned, we have the possible remedy of Congress
       | passing a law enshrining the right to an abortion. But here,
       | there is no legislation Congress could pass to create criminal
       | liability for the President, no executive action. The only option
       | would be a constitutional amendment.
        
         | ClarityJones wrote:
         | > Under a plain reading, a President is more than welcome to
         | instruct the Justice department to investigate or charge
         | anyone, or to not investigate certain crimes, and that is
         | completely permissible.
         | 
         | I think we have fundamentally different views of the
         | Executive's role. We have 3 branches of government, and the
         | President is the guy who enforces the law. The Justice
         | department is not a 4th branch of government.
        
           | openasocket wrote:
           | The Executive branch does have the authority to enforce laws,
           | but that authority is not absolute. The President cannot go
           | to the Justice department and say "hey, that guy who
           | committed murder, don't prosecute him, because he promised to
           | pay me a lot of money if I let him off". The President cannot
           | go to the Justice department and say "stop investigating me
           | and my political allies or I'll fire you". That second one is
           | what led to Nixon having to resign.
           | 
           | At least, that's what I think should be the case. The
           | majority in this case disagree. They seem to think that any
           | usage of the powers of President is free from any criminal
           | liability.
        
             | tacticalturtle wrote:
             | > The President cannot go to the Justice department and say
             | "stop investigating me and my political allies or I'll fire
             | you". That second one is what led to Nixon having to
             | resign.
             | 
             | There's definitely nothing legally stopping the president
             | from doing this. This was the Saturday Night Massacre.
             | 
             | The only thing that can stop this is public perception and
             | the threat of impeachment then removal by the Senate.
        
       | mediumsmart wrote:
       | totally agree, they need immunity for whatever the hell they are
       | doing these days.
       | 
       |  _btw - this thread is hilarious, thank you thank you thank you_
        
       | cdme wrote:
       | It's remarkable the speed at which the court has discarded any
       | semblance of legitimacy. Perhaps future administrations should
       | simply ignore them and dare them to act.
        
         | dawnerd wrote:
         | And based on what the court ruled they probably legally could
         | just ignore the court and congress.
        
           | cdme wrote:
           | The lifetime appointments clearly aren't working. They should
           | draw from lower circuits on a per term or per case basis and
           | discard the whole lot.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | > Perhaps future administrations should simply ignore them and
         | dare them to act.
         | 
         | well.. be careful for what you wish for but i see your point.
         | What's the supreme court going to do? Order your arrest by the
         | FBI? Seems like the FBI would go tell them to pound sand.
        
         | paulvnickerson wrote:
         | That's nonsense. You should read the ruling [1]. The summary is
         | very readable. For a president to ignore the court and "dare to
         | act" is what dictatorships do, and millions of people die in
         | those cases.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
        
       | locococo wrote:
       | I think a big problem here is that all existing laws and the
       | system concerning presidents rests on one very important
       | assumption. That the commander in chief is a decent, rational
       | human being that carefully considers his actions and holds the
       | interest of the United States and the Citizens in high regards.
       | 
       | It all falls apart and gets too complicated to regulate when the
       | assumption is that you can't trust the person in office.
        
         | tines wrote:
         | I don't think this is true. The constitution was designed with
         | the idea of preventing a king from coming to power. The whole
         | separation of powers thing presumes that an individual is bad,
         | but groups are less bad.
        
           | neogodless wrote:
           | I kind of (OK totally) need a history lesson / refresher. How
           | _was_ the Judicial Branch supposed to function?
           | 
           | Because I don't believe it was supposed to be able to
           | basically override the Legislative Branch. Just like the
           | Executive Branch wasn't _supposed_ to have unchecked power as
           | long as it 's "Official" business.
           | 
           | How were the three Branches _intended_ to keep each of the
           | other in check?
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | By everyone doing their job and respecting the authority
             | that the other branches had. Something like an executive
             | outright ignoring court orders (e.g. Joe Arpaio [1]) is as
             | unexpected as the legislative _refusing to pass laws_
             | because it 's gridlocked due to malfeasance on the side of
             | the Republicans. There's a reason why the Supreme Court
             | ended up playing such an important rule: Congress hasn't
             | done shit in _decades_ now, and the same goes for the
             | States, the last Constitutional Amendment was passed in
             | 1992 and the one before that in 1971. Something like the
             | right to abortion should have been enshrined into a
             | constitutional amendment loooong ago. EPA rules should have
             | been set by law, not by executive order. The list goes on
             | and on and on.
             | 
             | And the last failsafe the founders intended was the
             | populace. Officials found breaking the law or be otherwise
             | unfit of office were supposed to be at the very least not
             | reelected by the populace - and yet, Arpaio was reelected
             | for 24 years in a row, Biden was elected (he was better
             | than Trump, but that _doesn 't_ mean someone of his age
             | should have been president!), and Trump will most likely be
             | reelected. The voters share a huge part of the blame.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jul/31/joe-
             | arpaio-c...
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | > Something like the right to abortion should have been
               | enshrined into a constitutional amendment loooong ago.
               | 
               | Indeed, and practically, probably initiated as part of
               | the 95th or 96th Congress (under Carter), when the
               | Democrats had substantial majorities in both houses and
               | obviously the presidency.
               | 
               | My feeling is that this was not done because doing it
               | removes the threat/opportunity of it getting rolled back,
               | and removing that threat/opportunity lessens the
               | fundraising ability of both parties.
        
           | notTooFarGone wrote:
           | Everything a king does is an official act by definition.
           | 
           | What do you think is something a president does? Is starting
           | a war an official act? Or appointing your own supreme court?
           | Persecuting insurrectionists?
           | 
           | Who will judge this once the ball gets going? The judges now
           | appointed by you?
        
             | chrsig wrote:
             | > Who will judge this once the ball gets going? The judges
             | now appointed by you?
             | 
             | This is what lifetime appointments were intended to
             | address. There's no incentive to rule in the president's
             | favor. Of course, now there's the prospect of gratuity for
             | services rendered.
        
             | friend_and_foe wrote:
             | Congress, via impeachment.
             | 
             | Look, the president can't do something like start a war
             | without permission from congress. Congress basically
             | delegated that authority to the president. If the president
             | then uses it irresponsibly (as has happened numerous times
             | since congress made this decision) then that's the fault of
             | congress. They can very easily pass legislation requiring a
             | declaration of war and take that power back if they want
             | to.
        
               | anderber wrote:
               | But each party will protect their president, and you need
               | a two-thirds to impeach. I just don't see the modern
               | senate ever impeaching a President. We've seen today how
               | far they will go to ignore reality and lie to make sure
               | their leader doesn't suffer any consequences.
        
           | ignoramous wrote:
           | > _individual is bad, but groups are less bad_
           | 
           | Bad groups tend to scape goat individuals until their next
           | rodeo.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > The constitution was designed with the idea of preventing a
           | king from coming to power.
           | 
           | And if the Republicans get their way with Project 2025, by
           | all interpretations they'll create a King.
           | 
           | > The whole separation of powers thing presumes that an
           | individual is bad, but groups are less bad.
           | 
           | It assumes at its core that even if individuals may pursue
           | bad goals, that the larger society/organizations like parties
           | or officials like the Electoral College will curtail their
           | attempts.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, neither of these assumptions held true when
           | faced with a demagogue like Trump.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | > The whole separation of powers thing presumes that an
           | individual is bad, but groups are less bad.
           | 
           | No. Separation of powers comes down to "never give anybody
           | power that someone else cannot block". That "someone else"
           | needs to be independent, too - that's the "separation" part.
        
             | tines wrote:
             | > Separation of powers comes down to "never give anybody
             | power that someone else cannot block". That "someone else"
             | needs to be independent, too - that's the "separation"
             | part.
             | 
             | That's what I said, in different words.
        
         | oceanplexian wrote:
         | > I think a big problem here is that all existing laws and the
         | system concerning presidents rests on one very important
         | assumption. That the commander in chief is a decent, rational
         | human being that carefully considers his actions and holds the
         | interest of the United States and the Citizens in high regards.
         | 
         | No, that's not what the existing laws or system rests on.
         | 
         | The system rests on the fact that the Commander in Chief is an
         | elected representative, and therefore their actions represent
         | the will of the people. Washington Post might not think he is
         | rational. A random Judge might not think he is rational. You
         | might not personally think he is rational. What is "rational"
         | is determined at the ballot box, or via the impeachment process
         | in the legislature.
        
       | creer wrote:
       | > White House spokesman: "As President Biden has said, nobody is
       | above the law."
       | 
       | Well yes. And since the Supreme Court just clarified the law...
       | Isn't THIS White House the first that might use what was until
       | now a misunderstanding?
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | Article III of the U.S. Constitution is incredibly brief [1].
       | 
       | I propose the Supreme Court be reconstituted such that for each
       | case a panel of judges from the appellate courts is chosen by
       | lot. They hear that case, write their opinion, and then go back
       | to that work. New case, new lot.
       | 
       | Having a permanent bench of judicial oligarchs made sense before
       | telecommunication. It doesn't anymore. Every ancient democracy
       | used randomness to control corruption. I think it's time we took
       | a lesson from them.
       | 
       | (Note: this could be done by statute. How the supreme Court is
       | constituted is entirely left to Congress.)
       | 
       | [1] https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/article-3/
        
         | bloopernova wrote:
         | Prediction: trump wins presidency. Midterms swing hard towards
         | Dems. Next president's Congress reforms supreme court.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | How would a president reform the judicial branch? That power
           | is in the legislature's hand.
        
             | mullingitover wrote:
             | After today? Easy: the entire court is loaded into a black
             | helicopter in the middle of the night and never seen again.
             | The White House spokesperson says, winking, "The White
             | House _officially_ has no comment."
             | 
             | This quickly becomes a standard ritual at the changing of
             | each administration, and an accepted job hazard for
             | incoming justices.
        
               | sergiogjr wrote:
               | Oh, look, the moment decisions don't go the way I agree
               | with, we throw democracy and institutions out of the
               | window. Who's a "threat to democracy" now?
               | 
               | Good on you!
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | Not a window, a _helicopter_.
               | 
               | I'm not saying it should be done, but that's the
               | _reductio ad absurdium_ this decision leaves us with. The
               | aspiring despot's toolbox has been converted into a full-
               | blown machine shop.
        
               | the_lonely_road wrote:
               | When did the discourse become so childish? Official acts
               | is pretty clear and all of the fascination with the new
               | standard will be derived from the gray area where
               | reasonable adults disagree but the president can't just
               | order a bombing run on Toronto or murder political
               | opponents now anymore then he could last week.
        
               | karmajunkie wrote:
               | i think the thrust of the courts opinion today is that
               | it's not at all clear what's official and what's not and
               | even if you can delineate what's official, prosecutors
               | are unable to use anything that isn't public record and
               | "unofficial" in their case, which eviscerates any real
               | ability to enforce accountability.
        
               | hughesjj wrote:
               | In the dissent, they call out that what Nixon did
               | wouldn't have been prosecutable under this
               | interpretation.
               | 
               | If you can't enter private comms into evidence, all a
               | president need do is privately communicate the
               | disappearance of someone, domestic or foreign, and that
               | evidence would be barred from any possible court cases.
               | 
               | Of course, you could still impeach, but no _criminal_
               | prosecution could occur. If you 're 35, at worst
               | (legally) you'd lose out on your remaining term.
               | 
               | The implications of this ruling are absurd, and rife for
               | abuse, should one decide to go rouge.
        
               | everforward wrote:
               | I read the ruling, and my takeaway is that either a)
               | "official acts" is so overly broad that virtually any
               | action could be done as an "official act", or b)
               | "official acts" is very, very unclear.
               | 
               | E.g. from the court's opinion:
               | 
               | > Whenever the President and Vice President discuss their
               | official re- sponsibilities, they engage in official
               | conduct.
               | 
               | It's not a huge leap to infer that the President, as
               | Commander in Chief, is engaging in official conduct any
               | time they ask the army (or its many contractors) to do
               | something.
               | 
               | The only thing the Constitution says is:
               | 
               | > The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army
               | and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the
               | several States, when called into the actual Service of
               | the United States
               | 
               | There's nothing in there that says they can't be used
               | domestically, or for what purposes the President can
               | control them. There could be some quibbling about what
               | "actual Service" means, but I suspect it becomes
               | recursive to "whatever the president says actual Service
               | is".
               | 
               | The specific reason that everyone is freaking out is this
               | part of the opinion:
               | 
               | > In dividing official from unofficial conduct, courts
               | may not inquire into the President's motives. Such a
               | "highly intrusive" inquiry would risk exposing even the
               | most obvious instances of official conduct to ju- dicial
               | examination on the mere allegation of improper purpose.
               | 
               | I.e. the president's motive is unquestionable, the only
               | question is whether the action was taken via some power
               | granted to the President. If it is, the President has
               | immunity, and the president has _very_ broad powers.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | _Whenever the President and Vice President discuss their
               | official re- sponsibilities, they engage in official
               | conduct._
               | 
               | This is a misleading partial quotation. In the context of
               | what they were saying, the president has the presumption
               | of immunity, but it is not guaranteed. They specifically
               | remanded the issue of Trump trying to get Pence to break
               | the law to the lower courts to decide whether there was
               | immunity. They did not say there was blanket immunity.
               | 
               |  _The question then becomes whether that presumption of
               | immunity is rebutted under the circumstances. It is the
               | Government's burden to rebut the presumption of immunity.
               | The Court therefore remands to the District Court to
               | assess in the first instance whether a prosecution
               | involving Trump's alleged attempts to influence the Vice
               | President's oversight of the certification proceeding
               | would pose any dangers of in- trusion on the authority
               | and functions of the Executive Branch._
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | > Official acts is pretty clear
               | 
               | "Distinguishing the President's official actions from his
               | unofficial ones can be difficult."
               | 
               | -SCOTUS
        
             | bloopernova wrote:
             | D'oh! I meant during the next president's term, a friendly
             | Congress does it.
        
             | SubiculumCode wrote:
             | What the other guy said, but also there's court packing.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | They have to be confirmed by the legislature.
        
           | aklemm wrote:
           | You think Dems will win elections and get seated if Trump has
           | another term?
        
             | docmars wrote:
             | I think with as many Dems that are losing faith in their
             | party and seeing the bigger picture by moving to Trump, I
             | doubt they would this time around.
        
               | hughesjj wrote:
               | I'm unaware of any disaffected democrats moving to Trump.
               | At most, they're not voting or voting third party.
               | 
               | I'm sure that's there's a handful, but it's not what I'd
               | consider even a miniscule population doing so.
        
           | BadHumans wrote:
           | Prediction: Trump wins presidency and there are no more fair
           | elections.
        
             | austin-cheney wrote:
             | If Trump wins he will be term limited by constitution
             | irrespective of any election that comes after.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | I think you're overestimating the impact that will have
               | on whatever he would decide to do, given the events of
               | today.
        
               | austin-cheney wrote:
               | The only official act that could, in theory, bypass this
               | is a declaration of Martial Law that moves out the next
               | inauguration. This has not been tested and likely
               | wouldn't work.
               | 
               | Just because a crazy mob attacked congress at the behest
               | of Trump does not mean official institutions would do so
               | even if so ordered.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | Him and his supporters have said openly that they want to
               | refill the institutions, including the military [0], with
               | politically aligned appointees.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.foxnews.com/media/trump-vows-fire-
               | generals-push-...
        
               | dbspin wrote:
               | This seems remarkably naive. Who imposes such
               | constitutional limits?
        
               | austin-cheney wrote:
               | They are imposed by the constitution and enforced by all
               | bodies that descend from the constitution.
        
               | BadHumans wrote:
               | And if those bodies choose not to enforce it?
        
               | austin-cheney wrote:
               | What ifs... The death spiral of non sequiturs.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Formal_falla
               | cy&...
        
               | BadHumans wrote:
               | I don't think it's an unreasonable question to ask in
               | this case as there is a very real chance it happens.
        
               | hughesjj wrote:
               | Trump and his ilk absolutely do not care about the
               | constitution. There's a good chance democracy will be
               | over in the US if he gets re-elected.
        
               | austin-cheney wrote:
               | Agreed, but every one else does.
        
               | tootie wrote:
               | Read up on Project 2025 if you haven't already. The plan
               | is to stack the executive with party loyalists. And he
               | would have immunity. Rules and laws only exist in as much
               | as people believe in them and enforce them. That could
               | all just stop.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | Chief Justice Brett Kavanaugh writing for the 10/3
               | majority on June 30, 2028 "Well, ack-tually, the framers
               | did not place term limits and congress has unduly
               | restricted his constitutionally protected right to
               | participate in our democracy. The candidate should be on
               | the November ballot (or otherwise selectable by electoral
               | college electors) in all 50 states"
        
         | mullingitover wrote:
         | This, plus the opinions should not be signed, and dissenting
         | opinions should not be published at all.
         | 
         | The current system seems like it's designed to aggravate
         | politics in the very branch that's intended to be beyond them.
        
           | claytongulick wrote:
           | Dissenting opinions are a crucial part of the process.
           | They're frequently cited by lower courts and in future
           | supreme court cases.
           | 
           | The supremes don't always get it right. Dissenting opinions
           | are the mechanism for expressing that reality.
        
         | tdb7893 wrote:
         | As with all reforms in the US it's not gonna happen as the
         | party that benefits will block it. Same with implementing
         | ranked choice, outlawing gerrymandering, campaign finance
         | reform, etc.
         | 
         | Systems always work to justify and perpetuate themselves. It's
         | part of why our jobs can be such BS sometimes.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _it 's not gonna happen as the party that benefits will
           | block it_
           | 
           | The right and left are both railing against our justice
           | system. At different levels. For different reasons. But
           | that's political capital on the floor.
           | 
           | > _Same with implementing ranked choice_
           | 
           | We have multiple jurisdictions with RCV [1]. Your purported
           | impossibility has happened.
           | 
           | > _Systems always work to justify and perpetuate themselves_
           | 
           | We have reformed our courts before in pursuit of seeking to
           | perpetuate our American form of government. This is no
           | different. Amending governments to make them more fit is not
           | inherently in conflict with institutional prerogatives.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranked-
           | choice_voting_in_the_...
        
             | theptip wrote:
             | > The right and left are both railing against our justice
             | system.
             | 
             | True insofar as it goes... but this elides the detail that
             | the right just won a generational battle for the Supreme
             | Court. There is zero chance that any Republicans back
             | reform here.
             | 
             | Even the minimum viable reform to enact term limits after
             | this lot dies off is dead on arrival.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _this elides the detail that the right just won a
               | generational battle for the Supreme Court_
               | 
               | Sure. Until recently, they were losing. De-politicising
               | the courts could be electorally advantageous for both
               | sides.
               | 
               | > _the minimum viable reform to enact term limits after
               | this lot dies off is dead on arrival_
               | 
               | Because that's obviously partisan. There are more
               | Republican-appointed judges. Term limiting them obviously
               | favours one side in a way drawing from appellate judges
               | by lot does not. (The Fifth and Ninth are regarded as
               | crazy by half the country.)
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | > Sure. Until recently, they were losing. De-politicising
               | the courts could be electorally advantageous for both
               | sides.
               | 
               | I think you overestimate how much the political apparatus
               | cares about the long-term. It's hard not to agree that
               | de-politicized courts are good, more or less, for
               | everyone. But the right-wing won a _generational_ battle
               | for the Supreme Court. There is no incentive for any
               | right-wing politician currently alive to propose that
               | kind of change today; if anything, the political machine
               | would call them out for proposing that their party loosen
               | its grip on the reins.
               | 
               | We'll see how the right-wing feels after this next
               | election. It's not a secret that whoever wins in 2024
               | will likely get to appoint several new justices, though
               | the court as a whole will almost certainly remain right-
               | leaning. If that control does start to erode, though,
               | expect to hear much discussion about making the de-
               | politicization of the courts a priority.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Are we going to overturn all the lawless "emanations from
               | penumbras" from the period when the left dominated the
               | Supreme Court? If not, it would be political malpractice,
               | and an abdication of their duty to their voters, for
               | anyone on the right not to fight Supreme Court reform
               | tooth and nail.
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | > the right just won a generational battle for the
               | Supreme Court
               | 
               | From someone most Democrats would consider "on the right"
               | - it's more complicated than that, of course - you're
               | right.
               | 
               | The right had _lost_ that battle for generations, though.
               | I don't recall any serious efforts to reorganize the
               | judiciary as a result of that.
               | 
               | The "Hawaii judge" has been a running meme on the right
               | for _years_. Pretty much everything Trump tried to do
               | that was even a little bit controversial was fought in
               | the courts, and the left tended to practice "judge
               | shopping" to place the cases in Hawaii's district. The
               | Ninth Circuit has been known as the "Ninth Circus" for as
               | long as I can recall.
               | 
               | Of course, the right also practices judge shopping. It's
               | just part of how things are set up today. The difference
               | in this discussion is that we're now talking about
               | changing the system itself because the left feels like
               | they lost.
               | 
               | > Even the minimum viable reform to enact term limits
               | after this lot dies off is dead on arrival.
               | 
               | I wouldn't be opposed to reform of some kind, but keeping
               | the current nomination process and enacting term limits
               | doesn't seem viable. The problem here is that Justices
               | are nominated by the President. As long as that's the
               | case, all term limits will do is make the judiciary less
               | consistent. The biggest impact of changing the makeup of
               | the Supreme Court more often would be to have precedent
               | overturned more frequently.
               | 
               | It could be argued that the entire point of the way
               | things are set up is so that the three branches won't be
               | controlled by the same zeitgeist at the same time.
               | Presidents get four to eight years. Congress can serve as
               | long as they're re-elected, in two or six year terms.
               | SCOTUS serves lifetime terms.
               | 
               | The fact that the branches are at odds isn't a bug; it's
               | a feature.
        
             | tdb7893 wrote:
             | The first point I feel like reinforces my point more than
             | disproves it. Both sides clearly see the issues but won't
             | actually reform while they benefit.
             | 
             | Ranked choice also has only been implemented in a few cases
             | and generally by a ballot initiative (getting around the
             | party structures somewhat).
             | 
             | To be fair systems do change but in general they use their
             | power to resist it tooth and nail until change is
             | inevitable and they collapse.
        
             | Der_Einzige wrote:
             | For RCV, it is small localities no one cares about, and
             | yes, that does include Alaska.
        
         | claytongulick wrote:
         | The lifetime appointment of Supreme Court justices is done
         | specifically so that they aren't financially influenced by
         | politics and party.
         | 
         | I.e. their job doesn't depend on them ruling the "right" way.
         | 
         | There are pros and cons to different approaches. There are
         | differences at the state level for judges, being appointed vs
         | elected. Each has problems. In TX, for example, judges are
         | heavily influenced by mob mentality - they're afraid to
         | practice sentencing restraint because next election their rival
         | will run ads saying they love murderers/rapists/whatever
         | because they let someone off lightly in extraordinary
         | circumstances.
        
           | woooooo wrote:
           | That all sounds great in theory but.. _waves hands at
           | Clarence Thomas_
        
             | Ancapistani wrote:
             | Approximately half the country loves Thomas, and agrees
             | with him. The fact that the perspective of each member of
             | the Court is effectively frozen in time when they are
             | appointed is intentional.
        
               | woooooo wrote:
               | He's taken a suspicious quantity of "gifts", you can look
               | it up.
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | My apologies, but I decline to argue this point. Whether
               | Thomas (or any other Justice) is a good person or correct
               | in their rulings isn't germane to the point I'm making.
               | 
               | Of all the currently-service Justices, the only one who
               | has deviated from the perspective of the President who
               | appointed them would probably be Roberts - and that
               | statement is mostly based on a single ruling. It's not
               | like he's well-loved by the left.
        
               | woooooo wrote:
               | I was responding to a comment saying that lifetime
               | appointments prevent bribery. Justice Thomas is proving
               | the theory wrong.
               | 
               | Why should I believe his decisions are about principle
               | when money is changing hands?
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | Ah, I agree with you there. I see no way lifetime
               | appointments change the incentives around bribery.
               | 
               | That sounds like an impeachment issue to me.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | So, Thomas's perspective comes from an era when bribery
               | and collusion with monied interests were accepted and
               | normal?
               | 
               | The recent controversy around Thomas's behavior did not
               | spring up because his opinions on governance date back to
               | his appointment, but because--to the outside observer--it
               | looks like he is perfectly comfortable with selling his
               | opinion to the highest bidder. Lifetime appointments are
               | supposed to keep judges aloof from external influences,
               | but it seems like that logic failed in this case.
        
               | hughesjj wrote:
               | I don't know where you get 'half the country loves/agrees
               | with him', other than the (incorrect) assumption that the
               | population of the country is divided 50/50 along party
               | lines (no Republican president has won the popular vote
               | since 2004, and only once since 1992)
               | 
               | Clarence Thomas is notably the least loved justice in a
               | historically hated court
               | 
               | https://thehill.com/homenews/4019788-poll-thomas-has-
               | highest...
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | That's why I said "approximately".
               | 
               | I'd say Thomas is to the right about what Ginsberg was to
               | the left - the favorite of the core of their respective
               | parties.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | What is the "popular vote?" You mean adding up the state-
               | by-state votes which is a number nobody is trying to win?
               | 
               | And if we are talking about numbers that don't matter,
               | republicans won the Congressional popular vote four of
               | the last seven times (by three million votes in 2022) and
               | are on pace to in it again.
               | 
               | You can also look at the generic congressional ballot
               | polling, where republicans regularly are ahead.
        
             | Buttons840 wrote:
             | Indeed. It's already the case Clarence Thomas's way of life
             | may depend on whether or not he rules the way certain
             | friends and acquaintances want.
             | 
             | His _job_ is safe, but much of his _salary_ --no, not quite
             | the right word--much of his _overall reward_ is dependent
             | on what powerful friends want him to do.
             | 
             | Ultimately, people don't care about keeping their _job_
             | --who the hell likes their _job_?--people want to keep
             | their _compensation_ , and for the US Supreme Court, their
             | _compensation_ can easily be controlled by powerful third
             | parties.
        
           | tacticalturtle wrote:
           | Federal justices still have lifetime appointments - and what
           | the OP is describing wouldn't change that.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | I'd be okay with that, but only if we have a review process
         | where all Warren Court decisions are re-vetted by the newly
         | constituted Supreme Court. You can't spend half the 20th
         | century having "judicial oligarchs" rewrite the constitution
         | and then complain when a few court decisions go the other way.
         | 
         | But what would be more fun is for the current Supreme Court to
         | adopt the "emanations from penumbras" philosophy of judging,
         | and do that for a couple of decades.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Why stop there? Why not go back to Lochner?
        
             | HaZeust wrote:
             | Lochner made it impossible for the legal pragmatic of our
             | country's ontology to recognize corporations and
             | enterprises as autonomous entities that should have checks
             | and balances for - and against - themselves AND other
             | entities of the government, just as much as citizens do.
             | 
             | With how things shaped up, the innate de jure power
             | struggle should have been "The People <> Legislative <>
             | Judicial <> Executive <> Corporations"
             | 
             | We're still paying the price, as the Lochner era was
             | incredibly myopic.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | That's what I suggested:
             | 
             | > But what would be more fun is for the current Supreme
             | Court to adopt the "emanations from penumbras" philosophy
             | of judging, and do that for a couple of decades.
             | 
             | Let's see what "emanations from penumbras" we can find in
             | the contract clause, second amendment, tenth amendment,
             | etc. If only conservatives had the sense to use _Roe_ as a
             | template for how to judging should work.
        
         | tacticalturtle wrote:
         | This is the best reform idea I've heard. Has it been mentioned
         | elsewhere?
         | 
         | There is a reference in the Constitution in the impeachment
         | clause to the "Chief Justice" - which maybe implies justices
         | with some sort of tenure, but I suppose that could be filled
         | randomly as well, much like a jury foreman.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Has it been mentioned elsewhere?_
           | 
           | Not that I can find. (It's already been flagged off the
           | thread, granted.)
           | 
           | > _a reference in the Constitution in the impeachment clause
           | to the "Chief Justice"_
           | 
           | Ministerial. The most-senior jurist on the appellate court.
        
         | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
         | This is sortition. I would apply it liberally and use it for
         | most legislative offices. Elections and appointments tend to
         | bring out the worst of society -- the kind who actually want
         | power over peoples' lives.
        
         | garaetjjte wrote:
         | Who decides what cases are heard in this scheme?
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Who decides what cases are heard in this scheme?_
           | 
           | Good question. Perhaps a separate bench chosen once per
           | session? Have the other circuits vote on it?
        
         | godelski wrote:
         | > Article III of the U.S. Constitution is incredibly brief [1].
         | 
         | So is the constitution. But I think what also matters a lot is
         | things like the Federalist papers. Where these aren't explicit
         | laws but are the motivations and philosophy behind them. Ruling
         | by the letter of the law will always be tyrannical because no
         | thing is perfect.
         | 
         | Federalist 78[0]
         | 
         | > The interpretation of the laws is the proper and peculiar
         | province of the courts. A constitution is, in fact, and must be
         | regarded by the judges, as a fundamental law. It therefore
         | belongs to them to ascertain its meaning, as well as the
         | meaning of any particular act proceeding from the legislative
         | body. If there should happen to be an irreconcilable variance
         | between the two, that which has the superior obligation and
         | validity ought, of course, to be preferred; or, in other words,
         | the Constitution ought to be preferred to the statute, the
         | intention of the people to the intention of their agents.
         | 
         | It's also worth mentioning here that this same document
         | specifies that the judicial branch and executive branch are to
         | remain distinct. That all the judicial branch can do is issue
         | judgement, but are not capable of executing such judgement. I
         | mention this because there is another question that arises if
         | the one in charge of the executive branch is judged to have
         | committed a crime by the judicial branch. But of course, this
         | is back to the point that there are no global optima. There is
         | no free lunch.
         | 
         | [0] https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed78.asp
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | Why do you keep using the word "corruption?" This is an
         | incredibly milquetoast opinion that says presidents retain
         | immunity for some official acts while in office. Because that's
         | obviously true. When Trump wins again, he can't prosecute Biden
         | for deaths caused by Biden's border policies. Because
         | obviously. It's shameful that it wasn't 9-0.
        
           | electrondood wrote:
           | In software development, one of the biggest smells is being
           | asked to implement a solution to something that isn't a
           | problem that anyone actually has.
           | 
           | In 250 years, for 44 presidents, not one of them has needed
           | immunity from criminal prosecution.
           | 
           | All this does is shield the man who attempted to use violence
           | and a conspiracy to commit election fraud with a fake slate
           | of electors to reverse the result of a legitimate decision.
           | 
           | To call this milquetoast is to continue the gaslighting. This
           | decision has permanently altered the American Experiment.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Why do you keep using the word "corruption?"_
           | 
           | I used it once. Because that's why ancient democracies used
           | selection by lot. My criticism isn't of this ruling _per se_
           | , but of the institution, which has swung from a stabilising
           | branch of government to a constant source of chaos.
        
       | sterlind wrote:
       | _> The President of the United States is the most powerful person
       | in the country, and possibly the world. When he uses his official
       | powers in any way, under the majority's reasoning, he now will be
       | insulated from criminal prosecution. Orders the Navy's Seal Team
       | 6 to assassinate a political rival? Immune. Organizes a military
       | coup to hold onto power? Immune. Takes a bribe in exchange for a
       | pardon? Immune. Immune, immune, immune._
       | 
       | Sotomayor's scathing dissent sums up my concerns on the matter.
       | Even for Barrett, a conservative, the majority opinion was a
       | bridge too far: even bribery now enjoys absolute immunity.
        
         | friend_and_foe wrote:
         | This is factually incorrect, the president can be prosecuted
         | for anything, he doesn't even have to commit a crime, but
         | there's a special process for that called impeachment. This
         | isn't new stuff and it has been understood to work this way for
         | a couple hundred or so years, until very recently.
        
           | gazook89 wrote:
           | Impeachment is a political process to remove someone from
           | office, it doesn't send you to prison.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | The impeachment clause _specifically_ lays out that
           | impeachment doesn 't inhibit criminal prosecution for the
           | same acts. Hell, Trump's impeachment defense was essentially
           | that he should be criminally prosecuted _instead_ of
           | impeachment.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | What about after he has left office?
        
           | science4sail wrote:
           | What if he/she assassinates the impeachers as an "official
           | act"? That might be an example of Godel's Loophole.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6del%27s_Loophole
        
           | Karupan wrote:
           | Not an American but according to everything I've read,
           | impeachment is not the equivalent of prosecution [1]
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment_in_the_United_St.
           | ..
        
           | tdb7893 wrote:
           | Even the majority opinion doesn't agree with you. Literally
           | the only people I've heard make this argument are Trump's
           | lawyers in this case and in fact during the impeachment
           | proceedings they said the exact opposite. Impeachment is a
           | separate process and the president doesn't need to be
           | impeached to be charged with a crime.
        
         | joshuaheard wrote:
         | Assassinating a political rival is not an official act.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | Says who? You can't ask me why I did it, according to the
           | ruling. I could have had a good reason. And you can't use my
           | private records, nor those of my assistants, either.
        
             | joshuaheard wrote:
             | Where in the Enumerated Powers of the Constitution does it
             | give the the President the power to kill political
             | opponents?
        
               | tines wrote:
               | The constitution gives me the power to kill people for
               | good reasons (I am the commander in chief of the
               | military, after all), and I assure you, I have good
               | reasons. Which you can't ask about.
               | 
               | And don't tell me I need Congress to authorize my killing
               | people. I haven't needed that since Vietnam or something.
        
               | moreofthis wrote:
               | This is a silly response.
               | 
               | The ruling has specifically left the definition of
               | "official acts" for the lower courts to decide on a case-
               | by-case basis; they have not limited official acts to
               | Enumerated Powers of the Constitution. The president
               | likely has modern "official acts" that are not in in the
               | constitution (such as the ability to issue executive
               | orders) so it is not as simple as pointing to it. As
               | things stand, this ruling is a blank cheque of unknown
               | (but undoubtedly large) size.
        
               | threeseed wrote:
               | Constitution also doesn't give the President the power to
               | go to the bathroom.
               | 
               | It codifies rules for certain aspects of their role. Not
               | everything.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | You need to think about this a bit more carefully.
               | Today's ruling states that the president has immunity for
               | all _official_ acts. Official acts can be literally
               | anything the president does _in his capacity as
               | president_.
        
             | thallium205 wrote:
             | Says who? A court.
        
               | tines wrote:
               | Assassinating people is my job, I'm the commander in
               | chief of the military. I just happened to do my job on
               | someone who also happened to be my political opponent.
               | How is that not an official act for which I am immune?
               | The court cannot inquire about my motives.
        
               | avmich wrote:
               | You don't seem to understand how the judicial system in
               | USA works. The ultimate decision capacity is with the
               | people. The way it's realized may differ, and the time
               | may be long to pursue the decision, but not even SC has
               | the last word, only the people. The court cannot inquire
               | about your motives is only until people are ok with that;
               | if they are not, the reason will be found - or not - and
               | pursued - no options here - to insist.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | The problem is that 50% of the people are in a camp that
               | advocates for the overthrow of the US government, while
               | consolidating power and ensuring that it is as difficult
               | as possible for people who oppose them to vote.
               | 
               | The Senate allowed legislation that made public lynching
               | a crime to fester in committee without a vote for years.
               | The Supreme Court's abandonment of any reasonable check
               | on executive power or governmental integrity is absurd.
               | You literally have a justice on the payroll of a
               | billionaire who has paid him millions of dollars who
               | helped redefine bribery to make it a crime impossible to
               | prosecute:
        
               | avmich wrote:
               | That's unfortunately the practical problem and the
               | reality of the situation. In other words, I agree.
        
             | unethical_ban wrote:
             | ATTN: The above comment is satirical and making a point.
             | The point is that the majority says intent of an "official
             | act" cannot be questioned.
             | 
             | So kind of how they said bribery is okay as long as it's
             | not explicitly asked for and given as a "gift" after the
             | fact, the majority holds that presidents can kill their
             | political opponents as long as they "say" it was for
             | national security.
        
           | lunarboy wrote:
           | Yeah but pardoning the killer is. Why the killer chose to do
           | it, who knows? Frankly, even if the phone call is leaked,
           | motive doesn't matter apparently.
        
           | camgunz wrote:
           | Imagine Biden assassinating Trump under the pretense that
           | Trump likely had other classified documents hidden away, or
           | was too mentally unstable to be trusted with presidential
           | secrets. This is the kind of action this ruling sanctions,
           | entirely.
        
             | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
             | Which is why Biden _must_ do this and immediately resign
             | the presidency. Though he also needs to fix the Supreme
             | Court so dubious territory even with the recusal.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | > Which is why Biden must do this and immediately resign
               | the presidency.
               | 
               | Calling for the murder of specific people is very much
               | against the rules of this site.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Intentionally misinterpreting comments is very much
               | against the rules of this site.
               | 
               | You're supposed to be charitable in your interpretations.
               | 
               | I'm saying that Biden must act with his newfound
               | unconstitutional powers freshly minted by the unqualified
               | tyrannical theist fascists on the Supreme Court. How he
               | does that is up to Biden, sorry I wasn't more explicit -
               | I ignorantly assumed the nuance to be as plain as the
               | fascist intentions of trump and the company he keeps.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | > This is the kind of action this ruling sanctions,
             | entirely.
             | 
             | Given the extraordinary claim you're making, I'm doubtful
             | that you have the qualifications to support the absolute
             | statement being made pretending to be fact. This is
             | especially true given how little this new ruling has been
             | covered by the very people that are charged with deciding
             | how it will work in practice.
             | 
             | You're not issuing an opinion in what you said. You're
             | claiming it's a matter of fact. Constitutional and
             | executive branch experts with decades of experience will be
             | debating what this means for a very long time to come, with
             | far less certainty than what your comment contains.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | Presidents order the deaths of people in the interest of
               | national security all the time. It's entirely within
               | their official duties.
               | 
               | This is a legal thread on a tech forum so I find your
               | credentialism thoroughly disingenuous. If you want to
               | actually discuss I'm game, but your inane appeal to non-
               | authority is tedious.
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | I guess we can call it _bold_ when you claim to have a better
           | understanding of the decision than a dissenting justice.
        
             | 1123581321 wrote:
             | Claiming to have the same understanding as the majority of
             | justices seems safe, though, if that's how you decide what
             | opinions to hold.
        
               | brayhite wrote:
               | Did the majority opinions refute the dissent?
               | 
               | All I saw was that they were dismissed as "extreme
               | hypotheticals". All of that despite the publication of
               | Project 2025 openly calling for the next conservative
               | president to bend and break bureaucracy to carry out
               | their desires.
               | 
               | We're firmly in the Fuck Around stage of what exactly
               | this ruling will and will not allow, and one way or
               | another, we're going to Find Out within the next 3-6
               | months. I know which candidate I hope to Find Out from.
        
               | 1123581321 wrote:
               | In the majority opinion, this part would disagree with
               | Sotomayor's example: "The President enjoys no immunity
               | for his unofficial acts, and not everything the President
               | does is official. The President is not above the law. But
               | under our system of separated powers, the President may
               | not be prosecuted for exercising his core constitutional
               | powers, and he is entitled to at least presumptive
               | immunity from prosecution for his official acts."
               | 
               | The language isn't as electrifying as Sotomayor's
               | example, but you can still imagine unofficial acts that
               | would not warrant immunity.
        
               | stefan_ wrote:
               | High level of snark given that this is the most
               | definitive part of the ~~actual decision~~ syllabus you
               | could find to possibly counter what Sotomayor wrote.
               | Guess you didn't read it first.
               | 
               | (Advanced trick: you are reading the syllabus. The actual
               | decision is below.)
        
               | 1123581321 wrote:
               | I read it this morning. Which part would you have quoted?
               | I picked that part because it seemed like the clearest
               | summary.
        
             | amadeuspagel wrote:
             | I guess we can call it _bold_ when you claim to have a
             | better understanding of the decision than the justices who
             | wrote it.
        
           | neogodless wrote:
           | As an official act, we determined that my political rival was
           | an enemy of the state and known terrorist, who was
           | threatening our democracy. As such, it was my duty to order
           | her/his assassination, for the safety of our great nation.
        
             | treeFall wrote:
             | Obama assassinated an American citizen without this
             | "official act" ruling, and nobody did shit. So you're only
             | now just worried about it?
        
               | ImJamal wrote:
               | Obama killed multiple American citizens, not just one.
        
               | neogodless wrote:
               | Which political rival of Obama's are you referring to?
        
               | treeFall wrote:
               | So you're only worried about rich and influential people
               | being killed, not the rest of us lowly American plebs?
        
               | dzhiurgis wrote:
               | Not worried. Happy. Biden can now do anything to Trump
               | with immunity. Trump is DONE.
        
               | tines wrote:
               | I don't agree with the outcome, but at least the motive
               | mattered there. The target was ostensibly leading a
               | military operation against the US or something. Motive
               | doesn't matter any more.
               | 
               | EDIT: And yes, what Obama did was illegal and he should
               | have been impeached and prosecuted for that.
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | Of course people only care about "their" party. It is
               | everything about what is broken in the US.
               | 
               | It blows my fucking mind that the left is about to
               | nominate the only qualified person, of many qualified
               | people, that can lose to trump. We saw this movie in 2016
               | with clinton.
               | 
               | How does this happen?
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Well, he actually beat Trump, which Hillary failed to do.
               | But I agree - other than nominating Hillary, there was
               | probably nobody else who could lose to Trump.
               | 
               | But it's equally stupid on the other side. Trump is
               | probably the only Republican candidate who could lose to
               | Biden, either.
               | 
               | How did we get this way? Not much of a real primary on
               | either side. Trump as the leading candidate refused to
               | debate anybody else, and the Republican Party refused to
               | block his nomination purely on that ground. Trump's
               | daughter-in-law is also the chair of the Republican
               | Party.
               | 
               | On the Democratic side, nobody real challenged Biden
               | because he's the incumbent, despite his horrible approval
               | ratings.
               | 
               | The US election dynamics produce a two-party system.
               | Every so often, one of the major parties implodes, and a
               | new party takes its place. Both parties are making a good
               | case for it...
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | Sure is a giant disaster at the moment. I saw a "2020
               | comet" bumper sticker today, almost seems like a good
               | idea.
               | 
               | IANAL: in no way shape or form am I encouraging
               | destruction.
        
               | nielsbot wrote:
               | You're implying the parent poster isn't concerned about
               | the illegal Obama drone killing. Which is making this
               | about teams when there are none.
               | 
               | For myself, I personally think it crossed a dangerous
               | line when Obama killed that citizen without a trial. I
               | also think this SCOTUS is corrupt and this ruling is
               | dangerous.
        
               | treeFall wrote:
               | >a dangerous line
               | 
               | That's the same lukewarm sentiment that he's always
               | received. It was an impeachable, criminal act.
               | 
               | My point is that he got away with it anyways, even
               | without this "official act" clarification. Which just
               | goes to show you that people whipping themselves into a
               | frenzy about this have not been paying attention. They're
               | using the most extreme language ("Seal Team 6
               | assassinations!!!") to describe some hypothetical that
               | has already occurred without this ruling. It's silly.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | There's a difference between an American citizen
               | combatant aiding the enemy abroad, and say an
               | uncooperative Vice President refusing to participate in a
               | coup.
        
           | Miner49er wrote:
           | It very much is if it's done by commanding the military to do
           | it. Maybe not so much if a President did it themselves.
        
           | davidw wrote:
           | You just have to drum up some flimsy excuse that sounds
           | official, I guess.
        
           | spamizbad wrote:
           | What if the president deems it necessary out of national
           | security interests?
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | Here is Justice Roberts's definition of an official act.
           | Since the courts are making it a new executive power, it's in
           | the eye of the wielder. Long live the king.
           | 
           | > In a unanimous decision written by Chief Justice John
           | Roberts, the Court held that, under Section 201(a)(3):
           | 
           | > [A]n "official act" is a decision or action on a "question,
           | matter, cause, suit, proceeding or controversy." The
           | "question, matter, cause, suit, proceeding or controversy"
           | must involve a formal exercise of governmental power that is
           | similar in nature to a lawsuit before a court, a
           | determination before an agency, or a hearing before a
           | committee. It must also be something specific and focused
           | that is "pending" or "may by law be brought" before a public
           | official. To qualify as an "official act," the public
           | official must make a decision or take an action on that
           | "question, matter, cause, suit, proceeding or controversy,"
           | or agree to do so. That decision or action may include using
           | his official position to exert pressure on another official
           | to perform an "official act," or to advise another official,
           | knowing or intending that such advice will form the basis for
           | an "official act" by another official. Setting up a meeting,
           | talking to another official, or organizing an event (or
           | agreeing to do so)--without more--does not fit that
           | definition of "official act."
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | There have been instances in the past where the US military
           | has assassinated US citizens that they deemed terrorists.
           | Search for "Anwar al-Awlaki".
           | 
           | Under this ruling, it would be entirely possible for Biden to
           | declare Trump a direct danger to the republic and, as
           | commander in chief, order him to be assassinated. Of course
           | the "officialness" of this would be debated in the courts,
           | but the reason so many find this ruling unconscionable is
           | that it does basically say "the President is above the law -
           | he just needs to do things under the guise of official acts".
        
         | thallium205 wrote:
         | Judges and prosecutors also enjoy absolute immunity in their
         | official capacities.
        
           | dgfitz wrote:
           | Fact.
        
             | avmich wrote:
             | False.
             | 
             | Judge ordering something can be brought to court to review
             | if the order was lawful. Judge making judicial decision -
             | that is, not ordering something to support that decision,
             | but actually deciding - is immune, but that is decision of
             | the limited scope - it's not an action. Decision itself can
             | be reviewed, so there's principally less scope for possible
             | intentional or unintentional errors.
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | There are vast problems with federal agency immunity
           | protections as well. Whether as a federal employee or a
           | civilian, trying to sue a federal agency for something it has
           | done wrong can be nearly impossible.
        
         | _trampeltier wrote:
         | Since last week, bribery is legal anyway.
         | 
         | https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2024-06-26/suprem...
        
           | Natsu wrote:
           | That article is bad. It ignores the ruling specifically
           | pointing out that 18 USC 201 among other laws _does_ cover
           | 'gratuities' as well as bribes, and it misleadingly claims
           | that "[t]he Supreme Court on Wednesday struck down part of a
           | federal anticorruption law" when referring to 18 USC 666
           | (Federal Program Bribery, AKA "The Beast") which is just not
           | true. You can see it's not true in the holding:
           | 
           | > Held: Section 666 proscribes bribes to state and local
           | officials but does not make it a crime for those officials to
           | accept gratuities for their past acts.
           | 
           | Nowhere in there do they declare any part of 18 USC 666
           | unconstutional, which is what one usually takes "struck down"
           | to mean.
           | 
           | The LA Times is at least correct in stating that the ruling
           | clarifies bribes come before the act and gratuities come
           | after, with different legal effect, but they seem to leave
           | out any discussion of this bit inexplicably:
           | 
           | > For example, Congress has established comprehensive
           | prohibitions on both bribes and gratuities to federal
           | officials. If a federal official accepts a bribe for an
           | official act, federal bribery law provides for a 15-year
           | maximum prison sentence. See 18 U. S. C. SS201(b). By
           | contrast, if a federal official accepts a prohibited
           | gratuity, federal gratuities law sets a 2-year maximum prison
           | sentence. See SS201(c).
           | 
           | Point being, no, gratuities aren't really legal either,
           | they're just punished under different statutes. David G.
           | Savage could've just used this line from the ruling as a much
           | more accurate summary:
           | 
           | > Although a gratuity or reward offered and accepted by a
           | state or local official after the official act may be
           | unethical or illegal under other federal, state, or local
           | laws, the gratuity does not violate SS666.
           | 
           | And why did they do this? Because technically giving an apple
           | to your teacher would be Federal Program Bribery otherwise:
           | 
           | > The Government's interpretation seems all the more
           | unbelievable because SS666 applies to the gift-givers as well
           | as the state and local officials accepting the gifts.
           | Specifically, SS666(a)(2) makes it a crime punishable by 10
           | years' imprisonment for someone to "corruptly" offer or give
           | "anything of value" to state and local officials "with intent
           | to influence or reward." So under the Government's approach,
           | families, students, constituents, and other members of the
           | public would be forced to guess whether they could even offer
           | (much less actually give) thank-you gift cards, steak
           | dinners, or Fever tickets to their garbage collectors,
           | professors, or school board members, for example.
           | 
           | But the "bribery is legal now" take you seemingly got from
           | here is incorrect under any interpretation of the word
           | "bribery." Using SCOTUS' version of the word, bribes are
           | still punished by 18 USC 666, and gratuities are punished by
           | 18 USC 201 (as well as other laws for both categories).
           | 
           | But don't take my word for it, you can read the ruling
           | directly:
           | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-108_8n5a.pdf
        
             | waciki wrote:
             | > punishable by 10 years' imprisonment for someone to
             | "corruptly" offer or give "anything of value" to state and
             | local officials "with intent to influence or reward."
             | 
             | That seems bizarre to me, an apple or a low value meal
             | ticket are not "something of value" unless you read things
             | literally for no reason.
             | 
             | "of value": valuable, having a great value
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | This isn't conservatism. It's despotism.
         | 
         | We're probably a decade away from a coup.
        
           | failuser wrote:
           | Decade? You are optimistic.
        
         | demosthanos wrote:
         | Killing an American citizen without due process should be
         | outside the scope of official acts regardless of whether the
         | President has immunity for said acts. Obama proved that it's
         | not [0], which is a major problem that should have been
         | addressed a long time before this ruling.
         | 
         | On the whole the principle of this ruling is sound:
         | 
         | The President shouldn't be in a position where he has to wonder
         | before each choice if he'll later be prosecuted for it or not.
         | The boundaries of official acts should be spelled out clearly
         | in the law, and when acting within those boundaries the
         | President should be confident that he's authorized to make the
         | tough calls.
         | 
         | The ambiguities that this ruling brings to light were already
         | there, this ruling only exposes them. President Obama could
         | theoretically have been personally prosecuted for killing al-
         | Awlaki and now he can't.
         | 
         | Now it's time for us to explicitly identify _in the laws_ what
         | the President can and cannot do. That 's a change that's long
         | overdue.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki
        
       | ChicagoDave wrote:
       | This is all because very wealthy and powerful people see a future
       | American demographic that doesn't support their interests and
       | they want an alternate government that can't stop them.
       | 
       | The problem is what will democratic presidents do with this
       | fundamental alteration of the three "equal" branches that now
       | leaves Congress as the weakest link.
       | 
       | What will republican presidents do?
       | 
       | And of course, what would Trump do?
       | 
       | I think front and center is Stephen Miller's desire to reverse
       | that future demographic by either incarcerating or deporting
       | anyone that isn't white or even sympathetic to a white
       | nationalist movement.
       | 
       | This is real people. And very frightening.
        
       | chasing wrote:
       | Lifetime appointments for Supreme Court Justices is fucking
       | absurd.
       | 
       | My out-of-my-ass fix is that each Justice is on an 18-year term.
       | Every two years one Justice is replaced. Two per Presidential
       | term.
       | 
       | Makes it legitimately fair. Elect a President, get two Justices.
       | None of this "one corrupt game-show host accidentally gets to
       | appoint half the Court" horseshit.
        
       | lunarboy wrote:
       | Surely the "impeachment exists" arguments are in bad faith.
       | Otherwise, I'm convinced they've abandoned reason.
       | 
       | Impeachment process takes time, and in that window, the president
       | can do whatever. POTUS can even mobilize the army (an official
       | power) to block congress from meeting, since apparently the
       | motive behind the use of official power doesn't matter. If they
       | can't meet, how are they going to impeach.
        
         | chasing wrote:
         | Of course they're in bad faith. The whole idea is to punt
         | accountability off to something else endlessly. "We can't do X
         | because Y already exists to handle that." Later: "We can't do Y
         | because we already have Z." And thus: "X is the proper way to
         | handle that, not Z."
        
         | ImJamal wrote:
         | If a president is illegally mobilizing an army I'm not sure how
         | this ruling would change anything? Do you think congress would
         | be slower than courts to work this out? If a president was
         | stopping congress from meeting then they could stop courts from
         | meeting as well. Or he could just ignore the courts if it had
         | really gotten that bad...
        
       | paulvnickerson wrote:
       | So many people reacting irrationally and misunderstanding what
       | the ruling says. The first few pages are very readable, and I
       | encourage all to read [1]
       | 
       | - Actions within the President's conclusive and preclusive
       | constitutional authority: Absolute immunity, in accordance with
       | constitutional separation of powers.
       | 
       | - Other actions done within an official capacity: Presumptive
       | (though not full) immunity, to "to safe-guard the independence
       | and effective functioning of the Executive Branch, and to enable
       | the President to carry out his constitutional duties without
       | undue caution."
       | 
       | - Unofficial actions: No immunity.
       | 
       | Who is the arbiter of whether an action is official or
       | unofficial? The courts, according to the ruling: "The Court
       | accordingly remands to the District Court to determine in the
       | first instance whether Trump's conduct in this area qualifies as
       | official or unofficial." In this case, a very liberal judge
       | appointed by Obama.
       | 
       | One may disagree with the ruling, but it does not, as Sotomayor
       | (who recently has been making more public and political
       | appearances than is appropriate for someone of her position [2])
       | states, give the president the ability to drone strike his
       | political opponent.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-939_e2pg.pdf
       | 
       | [2] https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/24/politics/sotomayor-crying-
       | sup...
        
         | munchler wrote:
         | The president already has official authority to drone strike
         | terrorists. All he has to do now is make an official
         | determination that his political opponents are terrorists.
        
           | demosthanos wrote:
           | Yeah, we should definitely fix the fact that the President
           | can order hits on US citizens. That's a pretty obvious
           | problem regardless of whether they can technically be
           | prosecuted for it, and doesn't really change the merits of
           | the question at hand.
           | 
           | All this case says is we shouldn't leave a President's legal
           | culpability for any given action up to prosecutorial
           | discretion. If they're using their official powers they're
           | not culpable, if they're acting outside the bounds of their
           | powers they _should_ be prosecuted.
           | 
           | The actual problem is that the President has too much power,
           | not that the next administration should have the right to
           | prosecute them for exercising it.
        
             | munchler wrote:
             | > If they're using their official powers they're not
             | culpable
             | 
             | So the President's job is to faithfully execute the law,
             | but he is allowed to break the law while he's executing the
             | law? C'mon.
        
             | tines wrote:
             | The other problem is that we have no idea what "official
             | acts" are.
        
       | godelski wrote:
       | Federalist 51                 > The interest of the man must be
       | connected with the constitutional rights of the place. It may be
       | a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be
       | necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is
       | government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human
       | nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If
       | angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls
       | on government would be necessary. In framing a government which
       | is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies
       | in this: you must first enable the government to control the
       | governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself.
       | > A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on
       | the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity
       | of auxiliary precautions. This policy of supplying, by opposite
       | and rival interests, the defect of better motives, might be
       | traced through the whole system of human affairs, private as well
       | as public. ... But it is not possible to give to each department
       | an equal power of self-defense. ...The remedy for this
       | inconveniency is to divide the legislature into different
       | branches; and to render them, by different modes of election and
       | different principles of action, as little connected with each
       | other as the nature of their common functions and their common
       | dependence on the society will admit. It may even be necessary to
       | guard against dangerous encroachments by still further
       | precautions. As the weight of the legislative authority requires
       | that it should be thus divided, the weakness of the executive may
       | require, on the other hand, that it should be fortified.
       | 
       | This right here is talking about why there is the separation of
       | powers. This is the reason judges are supposed to be without
       | party. But we all know that this is a facade. But of course it
       | is, when we see how these judges are appointed. How could it be
       | any other way? The recognition here is that there are no perfect
       | solutions as to optimize towards one thing results in a worse
       | outcome (see the other parts of the writing).
       | 
       | I think not enough people have read the Federalist papers. They
       | are an important context to why the US was founded and what
       | problems it was trying to solve. Littered throughout them are
       | discussions of how power creeps and how functions couple. How
       | government can do great good but at the same time great harm.
       | They reiterate the notion that liberty is hard work and many of
       | the writers fear things like parties as they are not only
       | concentrations of power but umbrellas to remove thinking. You can
       | see them wrestle with ideas and that they know they aren't
       | getting them right, but instead try to set a framework that can
       | course correct to adapt to the unknown unknowns.
       | 
       | But however you read them, I think you can and will read that
       | such a conclusion is precisely the thing they were trying to
       | stop. There is no ambiguity in this. They were fighting against
       | monarchs who have written into the law that they are above the
       | law. At least as it pertains to others. And so that's what that
       | phrase means "no one is above the law" that not so literally
       | (because making a law that makes special cases for you would not
       | technically make you "above" the law, but part of it), but rather
       | that the laws apply equally to all peoples and entities. That
       | there are no special cases because there are no "to big to fail"
       | and "too important to prosecute". Because the belief is that if
       | it is wrong for one man to commit an act, then it is wrong for
       | any man to commit such an act.
       | 
       | [0] Federalist 51:
       | https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed51.asp
        
       | PHGamer wrote:
       | going after him with j6 is stupid. it was a protest that got out
       | of hand. it didnt have to go this far to the supreme court if
       | they didnt over play their hand.
       | 
       | granted at this point it probably helps biden and his son this
       | ruling as well as the Ukrainian stuff was also sketch in the
       | beginning.
        
       | vadiml wrote:
       | Biden need to sign executive order to jail all judges voted for
       | this verdict for high treason of not protecting US constitution.
       | And he will be immune thanks to them.
        
       | Rapzid wrote:
       | This is certainly the sort of decision I'll have to read for
       | myself. While I certainly share the concerns, the hyperbole is
       | peak right now and everything is emotional and overly
       | editorialized.
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | Congrats. SCOTU have just promoted president to dictator. Now
       | wait for Putin to come.
        
       | SubiculumCode wrote:
       | People mistake the Constitution as the fabric that holds our
       | Republic together. Sure the articles stipulations set a
       | framework, but it's built primarily around a common set of mores
       | and walls beyond which is the pale. When a sizable proportion of
       | Representatives, voters, etc, conduct themselves in a way that
       | always maximizes short-term wins and power and and aimed at
       | disempowering the opposition, that framework that is the
       | Constitution is powerless to keep the Republic together. Is only
       | the will of the people to stay together they'll keep them
       | together.
       | 
       | In all our legislative executive and judicial war, there seems to
       | be less and less reason for restraint, for avoiding
       | constitutional crisis, and to grab power by whatever means so
       | that the other side does not. This ruling by the Supreme Court,
       | as many people are commenting on social media, creating Powers
       | Biden too, and there seems little reason not for Biden to pack
       | the court, for the Senate to go to majority rule and rid
       | themselves of the filibuster.
       | 
       | If we keep pushing the boundaries we will fall, or we will
       | reconfigure.
        
       | camgunz wrote:
       | Honestly I just don't think the conservative Justices are that
       | smart. Here's Roberts arguing that because something never
       | happened (criminal prosecution of a former president) no one
       | could have reasonably assumed it would happen:
       | 
       | > Unable to muster any meaningful textual or historical support,
       | the principal dissent suggests that there is an "established
       | understanding" that "former Presidents are answerable to the
       | criminal law for their official acts." Post, at 9. Conspicuously
       | absent is mention of the fact that since the founding, no
       | President has ever faced criminal charges--let alone for his
       | conduct in office. And accordingly no court has ever been faced
       | with the question of a President's immunity from prosecution. All
       | that our Nation's practice establishes on the subject is silence.
       | 
       | Literally on the next page, here's Roberts arguing that though
       | something has never happened (criminal prosecution of a former
       | president) it is very likely to happen:
       | 
       | > The dissents overlook the more likely prospect of an Executive
       | Branch that cannibalizes itself, with each successive President
       | free to prosecute his predecessors, yet unable to boldly and
       | fearlessly carry out his duties for fear that he may be next. For
       | instance, Section 371--which has been charged in this case--is a
       | broadly worded criminal statute that can cover " 'any conspiracy
       | for the purpose of impairing, obstructing or defeating the lawful
       | function of any department of Government.' " United States v.
       | Johnson, 383 U. S. 169, 172 (1966) (quoting Haas v. Henkel, 216
       | U. S. 462, 479 (1910)). Virtually every President is criticized
       | for insufficiently enforcing some aspect of federal law (such as
       | drug, gun, immigration, or environmental laws). An enterprising
       | prosecutor in a new administration may assert that a previous
       | President violated that broad statute. Without immunity, such
       | types of prosecutions of ex-Presidents could quickly become
       | routine. The enfeebling of the Presidency and our Government that
       | would result from such a cycle of factional strife is exactly
       | what the Framers intended to avoid.
       | 
       | Just like, full on embarrassing. These guys need better clerks or
       | something.
        
       | HaZeust wrote:
       | Well, I guess this ruling makes me eat my words, almost exactly a
       | month ago, that Trump's 34 felony counts was "a good day" for the
       | spirit of Montesquieu checks and balances in this country:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40529062#40529905
       | 
       | Sotomayor has channeled her inner-Scalia in her dissent, and she
       | hit the nail on the head. This is now kingship, this is de-facto
       | sovereign immunity.
       | 
       | This ruling was not constitutionally purposivist, it was not
       | textualist, it was not originalist. It goes against the very
       | founding of America in the contexts of its original conception
       | and revolution. This is BAD.
        
       | mjfl wrote:
       | And they do not have immunity for unofficial acts, which do seem
       | to be many of the things that that Donald Trump is being charged
       | for. The fact that many of the top comments here don't mention
       | this tells me that we are grips of a partisan hysteria.
       | Fortunately, the court is not, and one 'conservative' judge was
       | in the dissent, and one 'liberal' judge concurred with the
       | majority.
        
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