[HN Gopher] Supreme Court blocks controversial Purdue Pharma opi...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Supreme Court blocks controversial Purdue Pharma opioid settlement
        
       Author : datadrivenangel
       Score  : 177 points
       Date   : 2024-06-27 18:13 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.washingtonpost.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.washingtonpost.com)
        
       | ronnier wrote:
       | > Purdue made billions from OxyContin, a widely available
       | painkiller that fueled the opioid epidemic
        
         | 7thaccount wrote:
         | It's more complicated than that. They knew it was killing
         | people and turning thousands (millions) into addicts and they
         | kept pushing doctors to use it at all costs. I'd recommend the
         | John Oliver special on it.
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | They also designed it to be more addictive. The recommended
           | dosage and timing causes the patients to repeatedly
           | experience minor withdrawal during normal use, which is a
           | standard technique for conditioning someone into being an
           | addict.
           | 
           | All of this is documented in emails that were presented as
           | evidence in court.
        
             | elzbardico wrote:
             | They learned it from the tobacco industry probably.
        
               | ARandomerDude wrote:
               | Is there a recommended dosage and timing from the tobacco
               | industry?
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | It was in jest. But part of the problem with nicotine
               | that helps to lead to addiction is its short half-life.
               | If you are a smoker you experience several episodes of
               | abstinence throughout the day, so you lit just another
               | one.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | Yes - sort of. Many of the additives found in cigarettes
               | are designed to increase the rate of absorption of
               | nicotine. This gives you a distinct rush within seconds
               | of consumption, as well as a more pronounced crash that
               | triggers intense cravings.
               | 
               | That's very different from the effects of (freebase?)
               | nicotine typically found in e-cigarettes which is slower
               | to absorb and doesn't have a noticeable crash.
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | Designed it knowingly to be more addictive WHILE producing
             | physician literature that denied or downplayed addiction
             | risk.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Why are doctors so easy to manipulate? They learn about
           | addiction in medical school. Why would they believe a
           | pharmaceutical company saying "...oh but _this_ opioid is not
           | addictive... "
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | >Why would they believe a pharmaceutical company saying
             | "...oh but this opioid is not addictive..."
             | 
             | Because the pharma company offered them direct or indirect
             | benefits for doing so. Doctors are just as human and just
             | as susceptible to financial incentive as anybody else,
             | that's why for decades there were doctors advertising the
             | health benefits of smoking.
        
             | LordKeren wrote:
             | It's easy to overlook that OxyContin was very effective.
             | Even a doctor acting in good faith was likely to prescribe
             | the drug-- because it worked well. It really did help
             | people struggling with pain management. The downside, of
             | course, was that Purdue pharma was knowingly misleading
             | doctors on the addictiveness of the drug. Also the amount
             | of doctors that were willing to turn a blind eye to the
             | clear signs of addiction is very worrying.
        
               | johnmaguire wrote:
               | > Also the amount of doctors that were willing to turn a
               | blind eye to the clear signs of addiction is very
               | worrying.
               | 
               | No disagreement, but I think it's worth considering how
               | stigmatized addiction is in our society. I expect many
               | patients would hide any signs of addiction from their
               | doctors - especially since it might result in losing
               | their supply of OxyContin, or worse, their career.
        
               | LordKeren wrote:
               | Yes, whole heartedly agree. The social impact of
               | addiction and the ostracism of those suffering with
               | addiction has undoubtedly only made this situation worse.
               | I was more leaning towards doctors/pharmacies that were
               | operating as pill mills - I.e. the handful of regions in
               | the Appalachias where there were more scripts for Oxy
               | than there were people in the county
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | Also Purdue themselves were pushing pain management as an
               | outcome to manage, to sell more Oxy.
               | 
               | Totally pain-free medical care is a bit misguided.
        
             | alan-hn wrote:
             | Because physicians don't get much if any training in
             | evaluating evidence and research, they generally believe
             | what they're told by scientists. Which is a shame, they
             | should be taught critical evaluation of literature
             | 
             | They also don't have time because of the artificial limits
             | of physicians graduating every year, combined with more
             | bureaucracy being pushed on them day by day
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | "trust the science"
               | 
               | edit: it's meant in sarcasm, mostly.
        
               | alan-hn wrote:
               | We can trust the _process_ of science but we need to be
               | mindful of how to critically examine a body of
               | literature. When I see most lay people examine literature
               | all they do is cherry pick what they like and discard the
               | rest and ignore any analysis or methodological concerns
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | This generally seems to be true. It doesn't help that
               | poor reporting methods exacerbate the issue.
        
               | alan-hn wrote:
               | Oh absolutely, science journalism is absolutely terrible
               | for the most part. That's why I always try to find the
               | original paper they're reporting on to see what's
               | actually going on
               | 
               | Most journalists don't understand research either and
               | I've even seen some PhD science writers get things wrong
               | too but usually less often.
               | 
               | Science journalism is filled with incredible sweeping
               | claims and jumps in logic that boggle the mind and are
               | nothing like what's in the research being reported on, it
               | truly makes me disappointed
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | I've seen a lot of research around nutrition, where the
               | abstract/summary for the paper itself makes claims not
               | reasonably backed in the paper itself. Then again, I
               | think pharma, food and agriculture in particular have
               | bent to financial forces over everything else.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | It's incredibly hard to do anything else, since it's
               | pretty easy to cherry pick methodological concerns for
               | any given conclusion you don't care for, since it's
               | incredibly rare for a given body of work to be free of
               | methodological flaws.
        
               | alan-hn wrote:
               | Something I have noticed is that non scientists don't
               | understand the methods so when they do try and critique
               | the methods those critiques don't make sense because they
               | lack the understanding of the underlying principles
               | 
               | There is a lot of basic science that is quite solid and
               | is replicable yet people tend to throw it out with
               | nonsense complaints
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | > physicians don't get much if any training in evaluating
               | evidence and research
               | 
               | I find this surprising, if true.
        
               | alan-hn wrote:
               | Well I work at med school, grad students get far more
               | training on research, med students can take an optional
               | research elective. This elective isn't a formal course
               | either, what happens is a med student comes to our lab
               | and we put them on a small project as an assistant doing
               | data analysis or a simple experiment. They don't get
               | formally taught how to evaluate research
               | 
               | You have to remember med students are training to be
               | clinicians not researchers. They have to diagnose and
               | treat patients based on information taught to them by
               | clinicians and basic scientists
               | 
               | This is also why it annoys me when lay people refer to
               | the opinions of physicians on some new research that just
               | came out, like with covid stuff. They are not research
               | experts, they're clinicians. They treat people and make
               | diagnoses
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | It is largely true. Evidence in medicine widely exists
               | but most doctors arent keeping up with it. There has been
               | a bit of a movement toward evidence based medicine in the
               | last decade but most docotrs are still relying on what
               | they learned in med school instead of keeping up with
               | literature.
        
               | alan-hn wrote:
               | Many physicians also tend to be very conservative in
               | terms of adopting new treatments. They tend to stick with
               | what they know "works" and don't want to take risks to
               | try something new
        
             | bloopernova wrote:
             | Because doctors believe studies and health system policies
             | pushed aggressive treatment of pain.
             | 
             | And our unequal society forces a lot of people to damage
             | their bodies in the pursuit of happiness (i.e. earning
             | money). That damage becomes chronic pain.
             | 
             | And unfortunately, painkillers often have a euphoric
             | effect. So people might use that effect to escape the
             | grinding reality that they are trapped within. Consider how
             | popular cannabis is, especially among older adults in
             | states where recreational use is legal.
        
               | iwontberude wrote:
               | What a positively wonderful way to look at life.
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | I can't make sense of this either as sarcastic or
               | earnest. I though GP was a fairly neutral (and imho
               | accurate) appraisal.
        
             | acomjean wrote:
             | It seems that in the US there has been a trend to "de-
             | regulate" or let businesses regulate themselves. It works
             | for a while, but eventually it seems to go south. I think
             | "regulatory capture" is the term. I think of Boeing being
             | allowed to inspect there own planes.. I think drug
             | manufactures submit there own studies, as the FDA doesn't
             | have a budget to test all the things themselves.
             | 
             | The opiod manufactures are organized too. They have trade
             | groups and conferences.
        
               | marcuskane2 wrote:
               | De-regulation and regulatory capture are almost opposite
               | things. De-regulation is a solution to the problem of
               | regulatory capture.
               | 
               | Regulatory capture is a central problem in America today.
               | The big powerful entities- major corporations, large
               | unions, special interest groups, etc have the time,
               | resources and incentives to lobby for laws (regulations)
               | to be written in their favor.
               | 
               | The result is the American public is very heavily
               | regulated, but in ways that are beneficial primarily to
               | the powerful incumbents. This spans everything from
               | copyright law favoring big hollywood studios to USDA
               | regulations favoring the handful of major meat producer
               | corporations to medicine, manufacturing, retail, real
               | estate, etc.
               | 
               | Regulatory capture is also why the divide between
               | leftists saying more regulation and rightists saying less
               | regulation are both often missing the real problem. The
               | US already has millions of lines of text for regulation,
               | the problem is that so much of the regulation is bad and
               | written to favor whoever donated or could sway votes to
               | whichever representative crafted the language.
        
               | jimbob45 wrote:
               | Arguably, you have it backwards. Self-regulation _doesn
               | 't_ work for a while, and then it works ultra well.
               | Boeing got away with poor self-regulation for decades but
               | now their business almost certainly will implode within
               | decades and their market position will be taken over by
               | those who were willing and able to self-regulate. They
               | were rightfully punished and the US government was
               | (theoretically) able to spend more resources regulating
               | elsewhere.
               | 
               | That said, the lag time between the beginning of failing
               | to self-regulate and the beginning of consequences
               | showing up are likely too far apart to make it a sound
               | doctrine for the US government.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | What makes you sure doctors are "so easy to manipulate"? Is
             | the general public more immune? Are there many professions
             | that are more immune?
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I read the OP as "professionals should be less easily
               | manipulated than the general public because of their
               | background knowledge on the subject".
               | 
               | Consider whether most would think a mechanic is more or
               | less easily manipulated into unnecessary vehicle repairs.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | > whether most would think a mechanic is more or less
               | easily manipulated into unnecessary vehicle repairs.
               | 
               | That's different. This is closer to a mechanic using a
               | part from Company X in the repairs of their customer's
               | car, because a rep told them it was more durable.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | You're right, that's a better example. But wouldn't you
               | expect the mechanic to have a more discerning eye in that
               | case as well? The more contextual knowledge you have, the
               | better you should be able to tell legitimate claims from
               | BS.
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | A friend of mine recently died from cancer. I had looked up
             | some particular things about it while he was still alive,
             | and apparently some cookies got crossed and I was marked as
             | an oncologist. I've had some ads on Facebook or Instagram
             | telling me, the "oncologist," about particular cancer
             | drugs. Of course, everyone in the US has probably seen
             | regular ads for various cancer drugs.
             | 
             | Doctors pretty much need to be intelligent and hard working
             | to get through med school and residency. After that, they
             | might not necessarily keep up with things. You'd think
             | oncologists would know the best treatments for each
             | patient, but if that were true those ads would be worthless
             | - and I doubt those companies like to throw money away.
        
           | sparklingmango wrote:
           | Additionally, I recommend the book Empire of Pain for an
           | excellent deep dive into the Sackler family and how they
           | essentially created the opioid epidemic. You'll be infuriated
           | as you read it.
        
             | CaptainZapp wrote:
             | +1
             | 
             | An amazing read and I also highly recommend it
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_of_Pain
        
             | iamacyborg wrote:
             | Having read that, I still find it shocking when I see their
             | names on various donor plaques in big British museums.
        
           | tiffanyh wrote:
           | What responsibility does the FDA have in this?
           | 
           | (genuinely curious, not trolling)
        
       | realce wrote:
       | >The court on a 5-4 vote ruled that the bankruptcy court did not
       | have the authority to release the Sackler family members from
       | legal claims made by opioid victims. As part of the deal, the
       | family, which controlled the company, had agreed to pay $6
       | billion that could be used to settle opioid-related claims, but
       | only in return for a complete release from any liability in
       | future cases.
       | 
       | Is this actually a positive outcome or a kick-the-can?
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | Positive outcome. They earned hundreds of billions from their
         | actions which resulted in the deaths of thousands.
         | 
         | Giving them permanent immunity was insane.
        
           | ben7799 wrote:
           | Definitely a positive income. These people bear some of the
           | responsibility for the deaths of hundreds of thousands of
           | people.
           | 
           | There is no way they should ever be immune from further
           | punishments and get to live out the rest of their lives as
           | billionaires.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | It also makes sense to me. If someone didn't join the class
           | action, they should not be bound by its settlement, and
           | should be free to pursue damage claims on their own.
        
           | delichon wrote:
           | Justices Brett Kavanaugh, Ketanji Brown Jackson, Elena Kagan
           | and Sonia Sotomayor dissented.
        
             | ajdlinux wrote:
             | You mean John Roberts instead of Ketanji Brown Jackson.
        
             | panda-giddiness wrote:
             | Not quite. From the NY Times:
             | 
             | > In a 5-to-4 decision, written by Justice Neil M. Gorsuch,
             | a majority of the justices held that the federal bankruptcy
             | code does not authorize a liability shield for third
             | parties in bankruptcy agreements. Justice Gorsuch was
             | joined by Justices Clarence Thomas, Samuel A. Alito Jr.,
             | Amy Coney Barrett and Ketanji Brown Jackson.
        
               | delichon wrote:
               | My lineup was extracted from an AP story. Which is
               | correct?
               | 
               | https://apnews.com/article/supreme-court-purdue-pharma-
               | opioi...
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | The decision itself:
               | 
               | > GORSUCH, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in
               | which THOMAS, ALITO, BARRETT, and JACKSON, JJ., joined.
               | KAVANAUGH, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which
               | ROBERTS, C. J., and SOTOMAYOR and KAGAN, JJ., joined.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | The NY times. The AP story seems to have just been
               | corrected.
        
               | mryall wrote:
               | NYT was right and AP has now corrected theirs. Reload and
               | check errata at the bottom.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | > resulted in the deaths of thousands.
           | 
           | The number the Supreme Court used in its decision was 247,000
           | deaths over a twenty year period. That's the verified number
           | and therefore almost certainly lower than reality.
        
           | ericmcer wrote:
           | deaths of thousands is a massive understatement. Just
           | overdose deaths is probably getting close to a million. But
           | they are also responsible for:
           | 
           | The people who don't OD but have their lives destroyed by
           | opiods.
           | 
           | The family and friends who suffer because someone they know
           | is an addict.
           | 
           | The time, money and energy society has spent trying to help
           | addicts.
           | 
           | All the crimes, victims of crime and criminal justice costs
           | that are a result of addiction.
           | 
           | They didn't kill thousands of people, they killed millions,
           | affected every single person in the country negatively and
           | contributed to the destabilization of our society.
        
         | bbatha wrote:
         | The recipients of the settlement are mixed about this. Some
         | raised this suit because they felt the Sacklers were not
         | sufficiently punished. Others felt that this was likely to be
         | the best deal that could realistically achieved and dragging
         | out proceedings in court for years and adding uncertainty of
         | any settlement or victorious law suit was not worth the risks
         | and emotional turmoil.
        
         | piva00 wrote:
         | US$ 6bi to be disbursed across hundreds of local governments to
         | use for settlements over millions of individuals is nothing
         | compared to the damage the Sacklers inflicted. On top of that
         | having a sweet deal to never see any future liability case is
         | an egregious misjustice.
         | 
         | The minimum would be for them to be arrested, if we pushed
         | drugs to someone who eventually dies from it we wouldn't be
         | getting just a fine. At the scale they did it's simply
         | inconceivable to me that paying a fine which is less than their
         | profit is anywhere close to justice.
        
           | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
           | It really depends on what you mean by "pushed drugs". If you
           | or I recommended that someone should get an oxycodone
           | prescription from their doctor, and they eventually died
           | after getting that prescription, I don't think we'd get
           | arrested _or_ fined. (And the Sacklers were never getting
           | criminal immunity in the first place.)
        
             | relaxing wrote:
             | That doesn't describe what happened.
        
         | LordKeren wrote:
         | It depends on what your personal views are here.
         | 
         | If you wanted the outcome of the case to be at least some money
         | going towards opioid treatment, then this decision could
         | jeopardize that outcome.
         | 
         | However, if you thought that the Sackler family being able to
         | escape any personal liability despite the myriad of evidence of
         | many of their involvement in stoking the opioid epidemic-- and
         | they still got to keep a very sizeable amount of the family
         | fortune-- is morally repugnant and legally dubious, then this
         | court decision is a positive.
         | 
         | I would personally prefer many of the executives and members of
         | the Sackler family to be held liable, their assets seized, and
         | formal charges brought against them. But that's unlikely
        
           | wyldberry wrote:
           | I wouldn't be opposed to similar outcomes as the Chinese baby
           | milk scandal in the end.
        
             | bonestamp2 wrote:
             | To save everyone the google, several people went to jail
             | with terms ranging from 5 to 15 years (after reduced
             | sentences). Two people were executed.
        
             | Sander_Marechal wrote:
             | From Wikipedia:
             | 
             | > A number of trials were conducted by the Chinese
             | government resulting in two executions, three sentences of
             | life imprisonment, two 15-year prison sentences, and the
             | firing or forced resignation of seven local government
             | officials and the Director of the Administration of Quality
             | Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ). The former
             | chairwoman of China's Sanlu dairy was sentenced to life in
             | prison.
             | 
             | Yeah, that sounds nice :-)
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | They should have their wages garnished until the end of time.
        
             | LordKeren wrote:
             | Many of the most high profile names involved in Purdue
             | Pharma or the Sackler family have retired or have passed
             | away, so garnishment wouldn't be as impactful as asset
             | seizure (directly or from the estate of those that died)
        
         | czl wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > Harrington objected to the release of additional claims
         | against the Sacklers, saying it would be unfair to potential
         | future plaintiffs.
         | 
         | > Purdue criticized Harrington's role, saying that groups
         | representing thousands of plaintiffs have signed on to the
         | settlement, which could not have happened without the Sackler
         | family contribution.
         | 
         | The concern is the set of current plaintiffs is incomplete and
         | those plaintiffs who are missing are going to be hurt by this
         | and the bankruptcy judge over this decision does not have the
         | authority to approve this deal despite the current set of
         | plaintiffs wanting it.
        
         | Barraketh wrote:
         | Negative outcome. Some important points that the article here
         | did not emphasize: 1) The Sackler family was not actually a
         | party to this litigation. They came to the table (with most of
         | the settlement money) specifically to get these so called '3rd
         | party releases'. 2) Purdue is basically broke. It's also an
         | LLC. Thus, in order to go after the Sackler family's money, you
         | basically have to claw back money that Purdue paid out to the
         | family over the years. It's not impossible to do, but it
         | requires a whole more litigation, the outcome of which is not
         | at all certain.
         | 
         | Now, 3rd party releases are a genuinely weird thing: a court
         | ruling that a party that's not directly involved in the case is
         | immune from future lawsuits. Partially the reason it went all
         | the way to the supreme court is that there was a circuit split
         | - they were allowed in some circuits, but not others. However,
         | (and this is according to a friend who represented the victims
         | in the settlement), it's really unfortunate that THIS is the
         | case where they get struck down. If the Sacklers walk away from
         | the settlement, it makes the victims getting their payout much
         | less certain, and certainly delays that payout by many years.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | > Thus, in order to go after the Sackler family's money, you
           | basically have to claw back money that Purdue paid out to the
           | family over the years.
           | 
           | Or you can find them personally, directly, criminally liable
           | and their profits the result from a criminal conspiracy.
           | 
           | Personal crimes aren't protected by the "veil" of LLC, so any
           | assets of the family could be liable, after criminal
           | conviction, for any civil claims from victims.
           | 
           | At least, I think.
        
             | Barraketh wrote:
             | IANAL, but I don't think this would help the victims (and
             | incidentally, that could have still happened even with the
             | settlement). If there were a criminal lawsuit of the
             | Sacklers, and if that lawsuit was successful, the seized
             | money would just go to the justice department.
             | 
             | The only way the victims actually see any money is through
             | civil litigation.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _the seized money would just go to the justice
               | department_
               | 
               | The DoJ operates victims' funds [1][2].
               | 
               | [1] https://ovc.ojp.gov/about/crime-victims-fund
               | 
               | [2] https://www.justice.gov/enrd/environmental-crime-
               | victim-assi...
        
             | RavingGoat wrote:
             | I would think civil forfeiture could be used to take all
             | their assets if not then the drug dealers in my town need
             | to each form an LLC.
        
               | Barraketh wrote:
               | Well, I don't think civil forfeiture specifically would
               | work, but like I mentioned above, yes, if the justice
               | department wanted to criminally charge the Sacklers, they
               | could possibly win and get a judgement against some of
               | the money. But then that money doesn't really go to the
               | victims - it's just a way to punish the Sacklers.
               | 
               | The bankruptcy settlement had a bunch of money going to
               | families of the victims, and also to the states for anti-
               | addiction programs, and also some money towards
               | documenting the Purdue wrongdoings, so that the public
               | would have better visibility just HOW this was allowed to
               | happen in the first place
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | Are the victims themselves getting anything? I thought it was
           | States that were suing.
        
             | Barraketh wrote:
             | Well, it's a bankruptcy, so anyone can file a claim. The
             | states have, but so have the victims and their families
             | directly (as a class).
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | My understanding is that Piercing the Corporate Veil has
           | gotten easier over the years. The more egregious the robber
           | baron class has gotten the less sympathetic the courts have
           | been.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | If you rob a bank and can pay the bank off with interest from
         | the money you stole, was justice served?
         | 
         | If you sell drugs and use the interest from your profits to pay
         | a fine, it doesn't sound like punishment.
         | 
         | Part of the problem with this is that much of an old money
         | wealth is from less than reputable sources (slavery, piracy,
         | war, crime, smuggling, opium and alcohol).
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | The next likely step to this will be how it affects the future
         | hypothetical (but almost certain) trial of Boeing execs.
         | Depending on what you want that to look like, then this was
         | either positive or negative.
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | Link to ruling:
       | 
       | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-124_8nk0.pdf
        
       | dataflow wrote:
       | How is there such a big divide in the court on this? Is the law
       | really this unclear on the matter?
        
         | throwup238 wrote:
         | IANAL but most contested Supreme Court decisions I've read
         | (going all the way back to AP gov class) sounded like they
         | could have reasonably been decided either way depending on who
         | had control over the court. The law is ambiguous and complex
         | enough that there's just so many logical ways to approach a
         | decision and little in the way of prioritizing or
         | disambiguating them. Whatever their bias, judges have lots of
         | ways of reasoning themselves to their predetermined outcome.
         | This is true up and down the courts but most judges are at
         | least somewhat worried about their reputation and their record
         | with appeals courts, which at least mitigates their biases but
         | the SCOTUS is free to do whatever it wants.
         | 
         | As much as each side likes to bloviate about originalism and
         | activist judges, SCOTUS often decides at the whims of ideology
         | and personal bias because the law gives them lots of room.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | Bankruptcy is a unique creature. It's created directly in the
         | Constitution as a federal system. Bankruptcy is inherently
         | "equitable," which means that judicial decisions are guided by
         | case-by-case considerations of fairness rather than strict
         | legal rules. Bankruptcy courts have wide latitude and
         | discretion to basically do what makes sense in each context.
         | 
         | Here, the majority overturned something the bankrutpcy code
         | approved, because, in its view, the remedy of a non-consensual
         | third-party release conflicted with the structure of the
         | Bankruptcy Code. The dissent disagreed, pointing out there were
         | no express prohibitions on the relief the bankruptcy court had
         | granted, and explaining that, in their view, the bankruptcy
         | court should have been given discretion to authorize such a
         | release if ultimately it would make the creditors better off.
         | Basically the majority was focused on the structure of the
         | Code, while the dissent was focused on the practical fact that
         | the creditors would probably get more money from the Sacklers
         | this way than if they had pursued direct lawsuits against them.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > the creditors
           | 
           | Thanks, that word helps clarify my major problem with
           | handling this as a bankruptcy case. I don't see the destroyed
           | lives as an issue of creditors, I see them as victims.
           | Calling off the corporations coming after an individual for
           | unpaid debt is a whole different issue than barring
           | individuals from going after a corporation for actual
           | injuries.
        
         | jakewins wrote:
         | The opinion and dissent are actually relatively approachable
         | and lay out exactly what the disagreement is about:
         | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-124_8nk0.pdf
         | 
         | It seems to come down to whether the sentence "[A chapter 11
         | bankruptcy plan may] include any other appropriate provision
         | not inconsistent with the applicable provisions of this title"
         | means "A plan can contain anything anyone can imagine as
         | reasonable as long as it isn't expressly forbidden" or "A plan
         | can contain other types of provisions that follow the same
         | general theme as the concrete list given just before this
         | sentence".
         | 
         | The Sacklers argued that the law says they can take away other
         | peoples rights to sue them, since the law says these bankruptcy
         | plans can include "anything", and the majority opinion of
         | SCOTUS was that that's not the right way to read the law.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | It also seems to turn whether the Sacklers seek a third-party
           | "release," which is precedented, or "discharge," which is
           | not. (The Court also assumes Purdue's indemnification of the
           | Sacklers will not hold, which would allow the Sacklers to
           | drain Purdue as they fight the various claims against them.)
           | 
           | Interestingly, the argument for is textual. The argument
           | against is pragmatic. (Both argue history, in my opinion,
           | unconvincingly. They're talking past each other on release vs
           | discharge, a delineation neither side bothers to delve into.)
           | The dividing line defies easy summary. (Gorsuch, Thomas,
           | Alito, Barrett and Jackson concurring, Kavanaugh, Roberts,
           | Sotomayor and Kagan dissenting.)
        
             | erichocean wrote:
             | > _the argument for is textual_
             | 
             | And here's the language: "any other appropriate provision"
             | 
             | The Sacklers: the law says we can take away other people's
             | rights to sue us as part of a bankruptcy settlement.
             | 
             | SC: Yeah, no, the text doesn't say that.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _the law says we can take away other people 's rights
               | to sue us as part of a bankruptcy settlement_
               | 
               | As the dissent notes, third-party releases _are_ part of
               | the law. The turn is on whether the Sacklers are having
               | third-party liabilities discharged versus released.
               | 
               | The solution may be in re-drafting the Plan so it's more
               | clearly a release. That might mean the Sacklers can be
               | sued for fraud, but not other things.
        
               | erichocean wrote:
               | If this decision was just about third-party releases, it
               | wouldn't be before the court. And you know that.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _If this decision was just about third-party releases,
               | it wouldn 't be before the court. And you know that._
               | 
               | What is the difference between a discharge and release as
               | it relates to the SS1123(b)(6) "any other appropriate
               | provision" power this case is about? You seem to have
               | clarity the Court's members couldn't find.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | The law surrounding Chapter 11 reorganisation plans only covers
         | the relationships and responsibilities between debtors and
         | creditors. It doesn't say anything about third parties.
         | 
         | But it _does_ include a term saying a plan  "may" also "include
         | any other appropriate provision not inconsistent with the
         | applicable provisions of this title" - subject to the approval
         | of a judge.
         | 
         | Applying the broadest possible interpretation of this catch-all
         | wording would produce absurd results - a bankruptcy plan would
         | be more powerful than the constitution itself. So courts have
         | to figure out just how broad an interpretation to apply.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _law surrounding Chapter 11 reorganisation plans only
           | covers the relationships and responsibilities between debtors
           | and creditors. It doesn 't say anything about third parties_
           | 
           | Yes it does. It covers third-party releases--there is ample
           | precedent for that. The Court held this isn't a release, but
           | a discharge. (Idk.)
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | Chapter 11 bankruptcy law includes a "catchall" provision that
         | "may" also "include any other appropriate provision not
         | inconsistent with the applicable provisions of this title."
         | 
         | Historically bankruptcy courts have wide discretion to make any
         | "appropriate" provisions, and this document is an argument
         | about what the limits of appropriate include.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | What really stuck out to me was how soft the opinions were.
         | Especially the dissent. Rather than dry legal reasoning, it was
         | argued much like a politician would. Maybe this happens fairly
         | often, but usually when I read the actual decision from SCOTUS
         | is is very specific and sober, even if I disagree with the
         | conclusion.
        
       | psunavy03 wrote:
       | For those claiming the Supreme Court is a political institution,
       | I'd like to note that this was indeed a 5-4 decision.
       | 
       | But one with Justices in the majority who were appointed by
       | Biden, Trump, Bush 43, and Bush 41, and in the minority who were
       | appointed by Bush 43, Obama, and Trump.
       | 
       | It was Jackson, Gorsuch, Barrett, Alito, and Thomas in the
       | majority and Sotomayor, Kagan, Roberts, and Kavanaugh in the
       | minority.
        
         | bdzr wrote:
         | Most decisions are mixed or more one sided than following the
         | standard "political lines", but those cases never get spoken
         | about.
        
         | LordKeren wrote:
         | Hmmm, I'm not sure pointing to singular rulings like this
         | really demonstrates that the Supreme Court isn't getting
         | increasingly political.
        
           | mardifoufs wrote:
           | Increasingly political compared to when?
           | 
           | And I don't think it's a singular judgement. If anything, the
           | "ideological split" types of decisions are rarer, so it's
           | more accurate to say that a few decisions on hot political
           | topics doesn't mean that the SCOTUS is increasingly
           | political.
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | I guess this is not a topic that is politically divisive, so
         | the judges were free to vote as they saw fit. Which doesn't say
         | anything about how they will vote on other topics, like
         | abortion, environmental protection etc.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | The justices don't vote on "abortion, environmental
           | protection, etc." They vote on the legal vehicles that have
           | been used to address those things. And views on those legal
           | vehicles map onto judicial philosophies that have nothing to
           | do with the substantive issues.
           | 
           | To use an analogy: there's people who think operating systems
           | should be microkernels, and people who think they should be
           | monolithic kernels. Windows NT was created to be a
           | microkernel. But around NT 4.0 they shoved the GUI into the
           | kernel space. If you're on the "Supreme Court of Windows NT,"
           | how do you view that? One camp might say, "NT is supposed to
           | be a microkernel, get that GUI out of there." Another might
           | say, "yeah but here in the real world, customers demand a
           | fast GUI so it's fine to cut corners."
           | 
           | Constitutional law is basically that, except we're talking
           | about cutting corners with the highest law in the land.
        
             | relaxing wrote:
             | > And views on those legal vehicles map onto judicial
             | philosophies that have nothing to do with the substantive
             | issues.
             | 
             | There's no way you're really that naive.
             | 
             | What kind of thrill do you get out of making these "well
             | actually" strawman posts?
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | He's a lawyer with a lot of professional experience. Are
               | you a lawyer?
        
               | relaxing wrote:
               | No I'm better; I possess the critical faculties to
               | identify self-serving bullshit.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | I'm trying to convey how legal conservatives think, as
               | someone who is one. I am, on many policy issues, quite
               | liberal. I think rich people should pay more taxes,
               | people should drive EVs, etc. But ultimately I care more
               | about the rules--especially the rules about _who_ makes
               | decisions and where power is allocated--than I do about
               | what people or outcomes. I 'd rather see 3C of global
               | warming than administrative agencies operating contrary
               | to the tripartite system of government the Founders
               | designed. I care more about the Constitutional rules for
               | allocating power to states than I do about what citizens
               | of those states might do with that power. Etc.
               | 
               | Issues like abortion and environmental laws just happen
               | to map onto particular legal issues as an accident of
               | history. If state-by-state legislation leads to widely
               | legalized abortion, for example, I don't think most legal
               | conservatives would support a _Roe_ -like judicial
               | decision ginning up a "right to fetal life" (which
               | actually exists in Germany). If Congress passed
               | environmental laws itself, instead of outsourcing it to
               | an executive agency, I don't think most legal
               | conservatives would be looking for ways to second-guess
               | Congress's judgment.
               | 
               | You actually see this in Europe. The legal system in
               | European countries tends to be pretty boring, because
               | they have more social cohesion and can legislate things
               | according to the rules, rather than hacking up the
               | system. The equivalent of _Roe_ , for example, doesn't
               | exist in continental Europe. In an irony, Emmanuel Macron
               | criticized _Dobbs_ when it came down. But France never
               | had anything like _Roe_. And after _Dobbs_ , France
               | passed a constitutional amendment addressing abortion,
               | which is exactly how legal conservatives would say you
               | should handle the issue!
        
               | relaxing wrote:
               | > I'd rather see 3C of global warming than administrative
               | agencies operating contrary to the tripartite system of
               | government the Founders designed.
               | 
               | You want to see millions dead to support your political
               | philosophy?
        
               | relaxing wrote:
               | Nice edits. I'm going to assume your original remarks
               | reflect your true beliefs on the matter.
               | 
               | Too bad you took out the part about "no one will be
               | talking about Dobbs in 10 years" because I was going to
               | suggest you put that bet on one of those futures betting
               | sites. That would be an interesting debate.
               | 
               | Good point about France. Now do Ireland.
        
         | rurp wrote:
         | A single vote means little and being partisan doesn't mean 0%
         | voting with the other side. By this logic Congress is not a
         | partisan institution given that people from both sides
         | frequently vote together, but anyone who remotely follows
         | national politics knows that it's a deeply partisan time.
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | Four decisions were released today.
         | 
         | We had a decision on the SEC vacating some of its enforcement
         | powers, 6-3 with only the 3 liberal justices dissenting.
         | 
         | We had this decision, which was 5-4, although it wasn't a clear
         | ideological split.
         | 
         | We had a 5-4 decision vacating an EPA regulation, with the 3
         | liberal justices and one of the more moderate conservative
         | justices dissenting.
         | 
         | We had a 6-3 decision on the EMTALA-abortion decision, with the
         | 3 most conservative justices dissenting. (Technically it's per
         | curiam, and the "majority" opinion is unsigned. But every
         | justice signed onto a concurrence or a dissent, so we know
         | exactly how every justice voted in this case).
         | 
         | Yesterday, we had a decision on social media which was 6-3,
         | with the 3 most conservative justices dissenting.
         | 
         | Yesterday, we also had a decision on bribery which was 6-3,
         | with the 3 liberal justices dissenting.
         | 
         | Out of the most recent 6 decisions, we have 4 decisions that
         | clearly evidence a 3-3-3 ideological split between 3 liberal
         | justices, 3 more moderate conservative justices, and 3 very
         | conservative justices that would be able to pretty fully
         | predict how they would vote on the cases, and there's another
         | case that it's partially predictive on (a 5-4 that peels off
         | either Roberts, Kavanaugh, or Barrett doesn't contradict this
         | lineup). Furthermore, the one case that the ideological
         | breakdown doesn't work on is the case that is the least
         | politically charged (it's literally resolving a circuit split,
         | as opposed to please-intervene-in-this-politically-charged-
         | case).
         | 
         | So yeah, this doesn't disprove the thesis that SCOTUS has
         | become increasingly politicized over the past few years.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | Is there any corruption law that this court won't overturn?
           | They seem extremely "pro" on quid pro quo.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | They didn't "overturn" this "corruption law." This was a
             | prosecution under 18 USC 666, which is titled "theft or
             | bribery concerning programs receiving federal funds." In
             | this case, the question was framed to the Supreme Court
             | whether 18 USC 666 applies to so-called "gratuity"
             | payments. That framing was because the prosecution in the
             | case below could not prove that the defendant had
             | anticipated a payment in the future when he undertook the
             | official act. (The defendant himself maintained that the
             | payment was for subsequent consulting.) Federal law makes a
             | distinction between those two things.
             | 
             | You can still bring an 18 USC 666 case for bribery, you
             | just need to prove that the payment had some ability to
             | influence the official act.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | In this particular case a mayor rigged the competition
               | for a garbage truck contract so that one particular
               | company would win it. That company then overcharged the
               | city and gave a kickback in the form of $13,000 to the
               | mayor. The Supreme Court said this was fine and let the
               | mayor off of the hook.
               | 
               | If you can't prosecute with this level of evidence the
               | law is effectively dead.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | That's not what the Supreme Court decided, and its
               | _extremely_ misleading to suggest that.
               | 
               | At trial, the government _alleged_ the mayor had  "rigged
               | the competition." But the government argued, and the jury
               | was instructed, and the Seventh Circuit agreed, that the
               | government _did not need to prove that._ Because, under
               | the Seventh Circuit 's view of the law, it did not matter
               | whether the subsequent payment actually influenced his
               | official act. So on appeal, the Seventh Circuit upheld
               | the jury verdict on the assumption the government did not
               | need to prove that the competition was actually rigged.
               | 
               | So the case that came up to the Supreme Court didn't have
               | the issue of whether he rigged the competition. The jury
               | was told it didn't matter, and we don't know what the
               | jury would have decided had they been told something
               | else. The question before the Supreme Court was only
               | whether 18 USC 666 requires proof that the payment did or
               | could influence the official act. It did not consider the
               | factual scenario under which he rigged the competition
               | because we don't know if the jury would have found he did
               | that.
               | 
               | Now the case goes back to the trial court to see if the
               | government wants to retry the case, where they _actually
               | have to prove_ corrupt influence.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | > The question before the Supreme Court was only whether
               | 18 USC 666 requires proof that the payment did or could
               | influence the official act.
               | 
               | And the Supreme Court's finding is that it did not
               | because the payment happened after the action. Certainly
               | corrupt officials in the future will never figure out a
               | way to exploit this loophole.
               | 
               | This isn't the first corruption case before the court
               | where the standard of proof seems to be "they need to
               | write 'This is a bribe' on the notes line of the check
               | for it to count".
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > And the Supreme Court's finding is that it did not
               | because the payment happened after the action.
               | 
               | It doesn't have to do with the timing of the payment. It
               | has to do with whether the defendant had a corrupt motive
               | _at the time he took the official act._
               | 
               | The government could have prosecuted this case under the
               | same statute by saying: "he knew he was going to get paid
               | later so he steered the contracts to this company." They
               | had the evidence to pursue that theory of the case. The
               | jury could have inferred under the circumstances that the
               | after the fact payment effected the official act. If they
               | had done that this Supreme Court decision would've had no
               | effect on the outcome.
               | 
               | The government instead made the choice to prosecute this
               | case by having the jury instructed that _it did not
               | matter_ what the defendant was thinking at the time of
               | the official act. That was the government's choice.
               | 
               | This case just means that when the government brings a
               | case under 18 U.S.C. 666-which is titled "theft or
               | bribery"--they actually have to prove bribery, which
               | requires corrupt motive at the time of the official act.
               | 
               | If the government wants to target the appearance of
               | impropriety that can result from payments for official
               | acts that weren't corrupt at the time, there's different
               | laws for that (18 U.S.C. 201(c)).
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | Politicization and ideological polarization are two different
           | things. Take _Dobbs_ for example. That was an ideologically
           | polarized decision, not a political one. _Roe_ is the product
           | of a judicial philosophy that conservatives think is
           | fundamentally wrong, even if they don 't oppose abortion. For
           | half a century, conservatives were unified in saying they
           | would overturn _Roe_ , even though--as we have seen
           | subsequently--there was a lot of intra-party conflict about
           | what abortion law should actually be. _Dobbs_ hurt the party
           | that appointed the justices that voted for it. Trump would
           | probably be cruising to the election in 2024 if Biden didn 't
           | have that card to play.
           | 
           | Most of the cases you identify split along ideological rather
           | than political lines.
           | 
           | > We had a decision on the SEC vacating some of its
           | enforcement powers, 6-3 with only the 3 liberal justices
           | dissenting.
           | 
           | What the case actually held was that the executive branch
           | imposing fines without a court order violated the Seventh
           | Amendment. It's a separation of powers case, and reflects the
           | same ideological debate about separation of powers that we
           | have had for 100 years. Do you believe that the
           | Constitutional three-branch structure should be respected, or
           | is it obsolete in light of modern society?
           | 
           | > We had a 5-4 decision vacating an EPA regulation, with the
           | 3 liberal justices and one of the more moderate conservative
           | justices dissenting.
           | 
           | This is an executive agency decisionmaking case. Again, same
           | debate we've been having for 100 years.
           | 
           | > We had a 6-3 decision on the EMTALA-abortion decision, with
           | the 3 most conservative justices dissenting.
           | 
           | This was probably the most idiosyncratic and ideological
           | case, but it's not political at all. It's Thomas and Alito
           | willing to die on an ideological hill, not caring that
           | virtually nobody in their party wants to follow them t here.
           | 
           | > Yesterday, we also had a decision on bribery which was 6-3,
           | with the 3 liberal justices dissenting.
           | 
           | It was actually a decision on whether someone could be
           | prosecuted under a bribery statute for a payment he received
           | after taking the official act. Where other parts of federal
           | criminal law make an express distinction between bribery
           | (which corrupt official acts) and gratuities (which create
           | the appearance of corruption but can't directly influence
           | official acts).
           | 
           | This one is probably the most overtly political. Liberals
           | voting to expand the scope of criminal law and conservatives
           | voting to narrow it is weird. But it's worth pointing out
           | that the Court's conservative wing has a strong libertarian
           | streak these days, especially Gorsuch.
        
           | rufus_foreman wrote:
           | >> Out of the most recent 6 decisions
           | 
           | That is not a representative sample of Supreme Court
           | decisions. This is one of the last few opinion days of the
           | year, the opinions being released are the most contentious
           | ones the court is dealing with.
           | 
           | Of the first 6 decisions of the year, 4 were unanimous, 1 was
           | per curiam, and one was a 6-3 split with the dissenters being
           | Gorsuch, Sotomayor and Jackson.
           | 
           | Those 6 decisions would also not be a representative sample.
        
         | thetinymite wrote:
         | I won't argue against the Supreme Court being a political
         | institution. However, I do think the court is more nuanced than
         | popular opinion realizes. The article below shows a nice
         | graphic of how often justices rule together on non-unanimous
         | decisions.
         | 
         | https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/06/02/supreme-co...
        
           | ben7799 wrote:
           | That's really interesting, because it shows even the most
           | liberal and most conservative justices still are in agreement
           | the majority of the time.
           | 
           | Just reading news articles I would never have thought
           | Sotomayor and Alito ruled the same 63% of the time.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | I weirdly track SCOTUS opinions. Most of them are
             | incredibly technical.
        
         | 12_throw_away wrote:
         | > For those claiming the Supreme Court is a political
         | institution, I'd like to note that this was indeed a 5-4
         | decision.
         | 
         | Is there a name for this type of fallacy, in which a single
         | data point is used to argue that a global trend does not exist?
         | (Another prominent example is "it snowed somewhere, therefore
         | climate change is not real.")
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | Being a judge in the US is a political job. There's not even a
         | universal requirement that one has to be a lawyer.
         | 
         | However, "political" how liberals are using it currently is a
         | euphemism for "current disputes between the Democrat and
         | Republican party management." If you don't accept that framing,
         | or assume that these people are wind-up toys set into motion by
         | the Presidents that appointed them, things can be very
         | political without this split that the punditocracy project onto
         | the court.
         | 
         | Whether bankruptcy courts can dictate a settlement for
         | something this wide-reaching, and simply indemnify someone
         | against future lawsuits is a very political question. What if
         | the courts had settled with the Sacklers for $10, and
         | indemnified them against future suits? Why are the bankruptcy
         | courts allowed to improvise restrictions against what other
         | courts and other victims are allowed to do?
         | 
         | It's redolent of one of the most disturbing elements of
         | Epstein's first conviction, during which they immunized
         | _unidentified, unindicted co-conspirators._ In order to avail
         | yourself of this immunity, you _had to be guilty_ of child
         | trafficking with Epstein. Otherwise, you wouldn 't have been a
         | co-conspirator. Can a court name a sacrifice to suffer for
         | others?
         | 
         | I'm not concerned in this case that some of the victims'
         | lawyers were clamoring for it. Those lawyers could very well be
         | paid for by people with another agenda. Why should the Sacklers
         | be left with anything? The main guilty parties in their family
         | are dead - now we're arguing with the people who are inheriting
         | the proceeds of the crime. Why argue? Just seize it all; the
         | damage far outstrips their worth, and their worth isn't even
         | from their own labor, it's inherited.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, the descendants of slaves are mocked over 400 years
         | of stolen wealth. And we can't even take the proceeds of the
         | most horrific crimes from people who don't even work for a
         | living, and will likely be left wealthy if every dime of that
         | inheritance is taken away.
        
       | delichon wrote:
       | Thank you. For my purpose as a reader it is editorial
       | incompetence that the article neither provided that link, nor the
       | name of the case to make it easy to lookup.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | For SCOTUS related news I always hit up SCOTUSblog:
         | 
         | https://www.scotusblog.com/
         | 
         | They do a good job of linking to or posting quality articles.
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | At least it is for SCOTUS decisions to find the decision
         | quickly (https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/slipopinion/23
         | has a list of all opinions from the current time, updated live
         | as they are announced).
         | 
         | It's really painful when you've got coverage of state court
         | cases where you have neither the case name nor the court it was
         | filed in nor the docket nor any document nor anything that
         | would let you figure any of this out.
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | Yeah SCOTUS is pretty good about putting their decisions out
           | there. Sometimes too good at it ;)
        
           | fock wrote:
           | as a non US-person who recently wanted to look at some cases:
           | is there a free way to do this? Or do you have to sign up to
           | the weird ePACER?
        
             | nickburns wrote:
             | You do _not_ have to sign up for anything. SCOTUS opinions
             | are freely-accessible public record.[0]
             | 
             | [0] https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/opinions.aspx
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | Every document at SCOTUS level is freely available,
             | although you have to know the docket number to get all of
             | the briefs correctly. SCOTUSblog in practice is a more
             | accessible interface to the docket, since you can easily
             | look up by case name: https://www.scotusblog.com/case-
             | files/terms/ot2023/, e.g., the full docket for the case in
             | this article is here: https://www.scotusblog.com/case-
             | files/cases/harrington-v-pur...
             | 
             | If you want to deal with non-SCOTUS federal cases, your
             | choices are to use PACER or to use RECAP
             | (https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/), where the documents
             | may be available. E.g., the appeals court docket for this
             | case is at
             | https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/67448481/in-re-
             | purdue-p..., note that many documents aren't available
             | because no one made it free via RECAP.
             | 
             | If you want to deal with state courts... good luck! Every
             | state has a different system with different level of pains
             | to track down.
        
         | squigz wrote:
         | This is why I so often just go to the AP and look for their
         | article - https://apnews.com/article/supreme-court-purdue-
         | pharma-opioi...
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | Deliberate. Someone makes more money as a result.
        
         | robxorb wrote:
         | This is my gripe with regular news. Science paper? No link. New
         | law bill? No link. Someone made an hour-long speech? 30 second
         | cut, no link to the full speech. Is it almost as if they'd
         | rather we _didn 't_ see their sources?
        
           | heyoni wrote:
           | All of those things take you away from their platforms. They
           | don't want you to leave, period.
        
         | dustincoates wrote:
         | A more cynical take is that it isn't editorial incompetence,
         | it's an editorial decision. Once you notice it, it's hard not
         | to notice how often you aren't given the sources or ways to
         | further confirm stories, especially those that might be
         | controversial.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | (We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40811187.)
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | Interestingly the same kinds of tactics used to push opiates on
       | the general public are still being used to push amphetamine
       | analogs - but the death rate from amphetamine addiction/overdose
       | is much much lower (>1000X lower) than that from opiate
       | addiction/overdose so it doesn't really hit the headlines, and
       | arguably is not as much of a concern.
       | 
       | From a libertarian point of view, mood- and mind-altering
       | substance use should be the citizen's choice, but for this to not
       | result in an epidemic of addiction, it would require a well-
       | educated public who understands that whatever short-term apparent
       | benefit a drug (including alcohol and nicotine and caffeine)
       | delivers, there's always a tax that must be paid afterwards, and
       | use must be kept below the addictive threshold, meaning if you
       | start needing more of the drug to get the same effect, the only
       | rational thing to do is to stop using the drug until your
       | tolerance goes back to zero.
       | 
       | This of couse goes against consumer society norms, where the
       | concept of 'less is more' is almost a heresy.
        
         | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
         | I guess I'm not sure what the point of the comparison is. If
         | the death rate from opioid addiction were 1000x lower, I would
         | happily bite the bullet and say Purdue did nothing wrong.
         | Chronic pain is real and terrible - it would be great to have a
         | solution where the downside risk is no worse than an Adderall
         | dependency.
        
           | photochemsyn wrote:
           | In my experience, people who use amphetamines (and cocaine)
           | regularly start making very bad decisions, and heavy use
           | leads to amphetamine psychosis. A very public example of this
           | was the behavior of the SBF / FTX / Alameda operation, where
           | by several accounts regular amphetamine use was the norm.
           | That doesn't mean it should be illegal, but I'd avoid
           | associating with anyone I knew had an amphetamine or cocaine
           | dependency.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | The problem with mind altering substances is they can short
         | circuit your rational thinking. So you can start with the most
         | well-considered decision process ever and still end up
         | addicted. In fact, this doesn't even require a substance.
         | Gambling is plenty addictive to many.
         | 
         | There's a kind of fallacy to thinking that sufficient education
         | can counter biological human desires and impulses in all cases.
        
           | photochemsyn wrote:
           | That's the authoritarian view - people don't know what's good
           | for them, so their behavior needs to be controlled by the
           | state as informed by a small group of elites who themselves
           | are somehow free from the influence of those biological human
           | desires and impulses... which is why drug testing as a
           | condition of employment was never implemented for political
           | candidates, heads of bureaucratic government agencies, or
           | corporate CEOs.
        
         | roboror wrote:
         | Another thing to note is that the scheduling of the substances
         | you speak of (and other non-scheduled like ozempic for example)
         | merely puts them behind a prescription paywall--the wealthy
         | have easy access to beneficial medicine and few to no
         | consequenses from their use, whether that be criminal
         | (possession or behavioral problems under the influence) or the
         | cost of resulting health and addiction issues. Resulting in the
         | non-wealthy suffering exponentially more.
         | 
         | It's very important that these societal and monetary debts are
         | not only paid out, but go to the right people.
        
         | J_Shelby_J wrote:
         | Difference is the death rate from prescription ADHD meds is
         | zero, and they're not addictive like opiates.
         | 
         | I'm open to discussing the underlying problems that push people
         | to take ADHD meds. Like the insane work life required to just
         | maintain the same standard of lives as our parents generation,
         | or modern devices eating our attention spans.
         | 
         | But limiting access to ADHD drugs is just going to affect the
         | most vulnerable and the positive outcome is just for the
         | benefit of Calvinist pushing their world view on the rest of
         | us. Hey, while we're at it let's make caffeine a scheduled
         | drug. It's actually addicting, it's long we half-life makes it
         | more likely to effect sleep, and its vastly over consumed by
         | everyone starting in middle school.
        
       | rahimnathwani wrote:
       | The Sacklers want to have their cake and eat it. They want both:
       | 
       | - To avoid filing for bankruptcy, and
       | 
       | - For a bankruptcy settlement to release them from additional
       | liability.
        
         | nickff wrote:
         | Are you talking about the Sacklers as individuals, a family
         | unit, or in their capacity as decision-makers for Purdue? There
         | seem to be a relatively complex set of incentives and options
         | in each of these capacities.
        
         | NickC25 wrote:
         | And they'll get it - they stashed a lot of their gains
         | overseas, and they'll keep those gains while continuing to live
         | a lavish life amongst the elites of the world.
         | 
         | I lost a very close friend to opoid addiction, and Purdue was
         | based one town over from where I grew up. I hope the entire
         | Sackler family gets fined and taxed to the point of genuine
         | destitute poverty, and then some. Genuine scum.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | I think this is where the settlement went wrong. The Sacklers
           | were going to remain billionaires after the $6B payout. In
           | all real respects they were going to feel no pain. They
           | already have way more money than any of them could hope to
           | spend in their remaining years, and that really rubbed people
           | the wrong way. With the immunity removed they will at least
           | spend some of their retirement in court room after court room
           | instead of sipping drinks on the deck of one of their many
           | megayachts.
           | 
           | It sucks for the victims who are realistically not going to
           | get any help before they die, but it does send a message that
           | you can't kill thousands (probably millions) and get off scot
           | free.
        
       | vanderZwan wrote:
       | > _WASHINGTON -- The Supreme Court on Thursday blew up the
       | massive bankruptcy reorganization of opioid maker Purdue Pharma,
       | finding that the settlement inappropriately included legal
       | protections for the Sackler family, meaning that billions of
       | dollars secured for victims is now threatened._
       | 
       | Does anyone find it strange that this is described as a loss for
       | the victims?
        
         | wtallis wrote:
         | "is now threatened" is not characterizing this as a loss for
         | the victims. It's characterizing this as opening up the
         | _possibility_ of a loss for the victims, relative to what had
         | been settled. That characterization seems accurate and
         | relevant.
         | 
         | (This ruling also brings a _certainty_ of delay for
         | compensation, since negotiations for a settlement have to start
         | anew, and with lower chances of success.)
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | > Does anyone find it strange that this is described as a loss
         | for the victims?
         | 
         | Pay attention to the ads appearing on NBC, I guess... (cf.
         | Manufacturing Consent)
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | Well, it is. The victims had a settlement agreement worth
         | _billions_ of dollars, which the Sackler family was going to
         | willingly provide in exchange for legal protections.
         | 
         | Now that legal protections are off the table, it is very
         | unlikely that any new settlement will be as generous, and in
         | fact quite unlikely that any settlement will be achieved at
         | all.
        
           | qarl wrote:
           | But also very likely that the case will go to court and the
           | damages will be substantially higher.
        
             | micromacrofoot wrote:
             | Not really, it will be played out in a number of separate
             | cases and each case is in a weaker position separately
             | simply due to scale and resources. The Sacklers have an
             | estimated $1bn _liquid_ available to fight these things.
             | 
             | The $6bn ruling was significant and not an amazing outcome
             | for either side (so, a compromise).
             | 
             | Additionally most of the Sacklers are well into old age, so
             | they'll probably die before losing $6bn.
        
               | BugsJustFindMe wrote:
               | > _The $6bn ruling was significant and not an amazing
               | outcome for either side (so, a compromise)._
               | 
               | I find this framing extremely bizarre. A $6bn ruling
               | means the family profits $5 BILLION. In no universe is
               | that not an amazing outcome for them.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | It's a loss of ~1/2 of their net worth. That's
               | significant.
               | 
               | They are now likely to pay much less by settling smaller
               | individual cases, which will take significantly longer
               | and cost claimants significantly more to pursue.
               | 
               | When they die (which will be soon, most of them are 75+)
               | it'll become even more difficult to get anything.
               | 
               | The deal that was overruled was certainly not justice,
               | but reality will likely be worse. There's no outcome that
               | will render them not billionaires within their lifetimes.
        
               | qarl wrote:
               | > They are now likely to pay much less...
               | 
               | So then why did they choose to settle? That makes no
               | sense. The only reason a defendant settles is to minimize
               | potential losses.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | predictably, the end of a long campaign of bad pr, and
               | government pressure (which is now fairly deflated)
               | 
               | the settlement was also in the interest of the
               | government, which may now end up with tens of thousands
               | of separate suits to manage and $6bn less to help manage
               | the crisis
               | 
               | don't get me wrong, the sacklers could end up worse
               | off... but it's a big _if_ and will take much much longer
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | Even if that's the result (which is questionable), the
             | Sacklers are almost all overseas and their assets are
             | "hidden" in complex schemes. So, collection is as big a
             | hurdle as coming to a reasonable judgement.
        
             | jjk166 wrote:
             | Victory is not guaranteed, and even if the victims do win,
             | going to court takes a lot of time and costs a lot of
             | money. The victims agreed to the settlement because they
             | preferred that option to going to court.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Does anyone find it strange that this is described as a loss
         | for the victims?_
         | 
         | As the dissent notes, this decision means the victims won't get
         | money now. When is an open question, as well as whether it will
         | be similar, more or less after litigation costs, and to whom it
         | will be paid.
         | 
         | What is certain is the Sacklers will be hurt more. (Unless a
         | couple bizarre legal maneuvres pay off, _e.g._ the Sacklers
         | extinguishing liability by way of a 2004 indemnification
         | agreement.) So in a sense, this is deterrence and retribution
         | winning over restitution [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-5-the-
         | purpose...
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | > What is certain is the Sacklers will be hurt more.
           | 
           | Maybe? They get all of the billions back and now have time
           | and a reason to start building a defense.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _get all of the billions back_
             | 
             | They never gave up any cash to my knowledge. The plan was a
             | promise.
             | 
             | We can conclude the Sacklers are worse off right now given
             | they (and the creditors) accepted the deal. They may be
             | materially better off in the future. But the rest of their
             | lives will be about this.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | ???
               | 
               | The Supreme court case was specifically about the $6
               | billion dollars the Sacklers committed to the bankruptcy
               | fund. And this ruling says they are not allowed to
               | contribute to it.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Supreme court case was specifically about the $6
               | billion dollars the Sacklers committed to the bankruptcy
               | fund_
               | 
               | Committed, not contributed.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | No, if it wasn't a better realization of the victims's goals
         | than going to trial, why would the victims have accepted it?
         | 
         | Its absolutely a loss for the victims.
         | 
         | Not just them, but they are among those losing.
        
         | bradford wrote:
         | > Does anyone find it strange that this is described as a loss
         | for the victims?
         | 
         | I can see it going both ways, yes: this means that 6 billion
         | dollars are not immediately available for compensation.
         | 
         | On the other hand, certain states (Washington was one, if I
         | recall) argued that 6 billion dollars was such a pitifully
         | small amount (relative to the damage done) that they declined
         | to accept compensation in hopes that future lawsuits would
         | yield more.
         | 
         | I view this decision as rejecting the immediate compensation,
         | but opening up possibility for greater compensation in the
         | future (with obvious risks and delays).
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _certain states (Washington was one, if I recall) argued
           | that 6 billion dollars was such a pitifully small amount
           | (relative to the damage done) that they declined to accept
           | compensation_
           | 
           | As the dissent notes, "all 50 state Attorneys General have
           | signed on to this plan." The holdouts were "a small group of
           | Canadian creditors and one lone individual."
           | 
           | I always thought of the Sackler carve-out as a scam. But the
           | dissent gives me pause. This ruling trades restitution for
           | retribution. In all likelihood, many classes of victims--such
           | as small victims, small states and local governments--won't
           | see a penny, at least for years.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > This ruling trades restitution for retribution
             | 
             | IMO the money is a pittance, sounds like a lot but it's
             | just a fraction of what the federal government spends on
             | any given day. We can afford to carve out the financial
             | resources to help victims. The retribution is totally worth
             | it, because it needs to be understood that behavior like
             | this will get punished. It should be _painful_ , not just
             | the cost of doing business.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | I agree, but absent John Stewart taking it up [1] were
               | not paying out the victims, and I'm not a victim, so it's
               | easy to discount their desire for the $3,500 to $48k.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/12/nyregion/jon-
               | stewart-9-11...
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | You may find the money a pittance, but the victims
               | decided otherwise.
               | 
               | It seems the case that the interests of the
               | victims/plaintiffs (e.g. compensation) may be different
               | than the public at large (e.g. punishment).
               | 
               | If so, perhaps the interests of the public should be
               | pursued by a different avenue than the civil case of the
               | victims, which requires superseding the agency of the
               | victims.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > You may find the money a pittance, but the victims
               | decided otherwise.
               | 
               | When you say 'the victims' are you implying they all
               | agreed to this? So they are all okay with giving up their
               | individual right to sue for damages? You make several
               | points which imply that this is some kind of consensus
               | position that everyone is okay with. That's the root of
               | the problem, though -- this settlement in no way
               | addresses the damage to all the victims.
               | 
               | Perhaps renegotiate the agreement so that it only
               | immunizes Purdue/Sacklers from further civil action from
               | 
               | In any case, when I say pittance, I was clearly talking
               | about relative to the financial resources of the US. This
               | is a national problem, we can afford to solve it at a
               | societal level without being forced into accepting an
               | unjust settlement.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | The case and settlement has almost nothing to do with
               | solving the problem at a societal level, with either
               | outcome being negligible.
               | 
               | Real progress would involve systemic changes to the
               | treatment and causes of drug addiction, as well as
               | medical treatment philosophy.
               | 
               | To hang the opioid epidemic on perdue is a gross
               | oversimplification, essentially a scapegoating of a
               | multifactorial problem. Perdue sold the same pills in
               | Europe, but the US has an overdose rate 2,000% higher.
        
               | blkhawk wrote:
               | I think that was because they could more effectively
               | market their "pain is bad mkay" strategy in the
               | culturally and politically more homogeneous market that
               | is the US. The European healthcare market is completely
               | different for each country in multiple dimensions. Be it
               | political, the way insurance is structured, laws are
               | setup and governmental agencies handle them. That means
               | while it is entirely possible to sell the pills in Europe
               | they won't be prescribed in the amounts necessary to jump
               | start the "vibrant free market" for them the US has. So
               | they are just an opioid that is prescribed in extreme
               | cases.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I dont think the idea that patient pain is bad was unique
               | to perdue and their drugs. Many European countries have
               | private health insurance, with reimbursement quite
               | similar to the US.
               | 
               | Like I said above, I think it would be extremely shallow
               | thinking to claim that there is a single reason.
               | 
               | If I were to pick a leading difference, I would say that
               | the US has embraced trained consumerism to a greater
               | degree than most European countries. As such, the idea
               | that a simple pill/product will make a problem go away
               | has more traction, both with prescribers, patients, and
               | abusers.
               | 
               | You see this difference manifest in many cultural and
               | social forms, where people in the US are especially prone
               | to "quick fix" marketing and products that offer escape
               | and excitement through consumption.
               | 
               | This is one thing that leads into higher rates of
               | substance abuse in the US than Europe. For example, the
               | US has a higher rate of alcohol use disorder than most
               | European countries, despite most of the countries having
               | more permissive laws around alcohol and more consumption
               | of it on average.
        
               | richwater wrote:
               | > To hang the opioid epidemic on perdue is a gross
               | oversimplification
               | 
               | The only sane comment here. It's laughably ridiculous to
               | call for retribution against a single family as if they
               | were personally responsible for every overdose the
               | country has seen.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I don't excuse their unethical and potentially criminal
               | behavior, but I do think they way people talk about it is
               | detached from reality. The corporate choices likely had
               | some effect on the margin, but I dont think the
               | appropriate disclosure around addiction potential and
               | would have moved the needle much.
        
             | bradford wrote:
             | > As the dissent notes, "all 50 state Attorneys General
             | have signed on to this plan."
             | 
             | Thanks for the correction! I must have read about
             | Washington States objection a while ago, and been unaware
             | of a change in their position (since I first read about it)
        
         | tadhgpearson wrote:
         | Well, not a loss for the legal profession for sure :D Will the
         | victims come out with more in their pockets than they would
         | have from this settlement? I guess we'll find out...
        
       | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
       | I blame the doctors too. I was a teen in the early/mid 2000s and
       | even I knew about the addictiveness of oxycodone. It wasn't
       | called hillbilly heroin for nothing.
        
       | inasio wrote:
       | Matt Levine has covered this several times in the past, worth
       | reading. From memory, the Purdue family had put away their money
       | in legally sheltered arrangements, so even an unfavorable
       | decision (to the Sacklers) would likely not be able to claw back
       | much money. The previous deal traded the risk of trial for a
       | perceived as decent compensation. My read is that the majority in
       | the supreme court disagreed that you can always financial-
       | engineer your way out of trials
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | They were (apparently) sheltering money specifically to pay for
         | personal legal damages, and they voluntarily offered it back
         | during the bankruptcy proceedings in exchange for giving up
         | their liability.
         | 
         | The court ruling is not about the legality of their financial
         | shenanigans, but the authority of the bankruptcy court on
         | deciding such matters.
        
         | lupusreal wrote:
         | Lawyers are fixated on the money for obvious reasons, but the
         | money will never really fix what the Sacklers did (particularly
         | for the _many_ victims who are now dead.) Restitution is
         | largely a farce and we should be focusing on retribution.
        
           | DANmode wrote:
           | Removing the profitability angle mildly dissuades this sort
           | of behavior in the future.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | I'm really not sure what other retribution you're suggesting.
           | There's always public lynching if that's what you're after,
           | but we've kind of decided that is not a good idea in modern
           | society
        
             | wmf wrote:
             | They could be imprisoned.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | Really unclear how knowingly creating a scenario where
               | people die of overdosing for profit isn't criminal.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | Because car manufacturers exist, and this isn't
               | theoretical or a jab at cars themselves. We are 100%
               | certain that people will die while using cars, and by
               | cars. Vehicular manslaughter even has a high bar for real
               | punishment precisely because driving a car has an
               | inherent risk of killing others and that risk is legal to
               | take on.
               | 
               | Knowing that some people using your product will die, and
               | even that selling more of your product increases the
               | deaths is something we're okay with. It's true of guns,
               | red meat, skateboards, alcohol, lawn mowers, and
               | industrial equipment -- all sold for profit.
               | 
               | I very much dislike cases like this because while yes,
               | opioids were overprescribed and Purdue sales people did
               | go out and sell often times not in legal ways, doctors
               | still prescribed them and _we knew that people dying was
               | necessarily an outcome._ So while the crime they actually
               | committed was about kickbacks, not doing the DEAs job
               | enough for them, and lying with statistics they get
               | blamed for the actual deaths which is silly. I take
               | stimulants that double my risk of heart attack and are
               | also known to be addictive, neither outcome is the maker
               | 's fault if those happen. It's the tobacco settlement all
               | over again where when bad thing happens the proximate
               | deepest pockets get blamed. I couldn't care less about
               | the government taking money from rich people because
               | reasons, have at it, but I think they're the scapegoat.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Except Purdue clearly stated that addiction was not an
               | issue with their product. Car manufactures never say that
               | death is no longer possible with their product. They
               | blatantly misrepresented the dangers of their product in
               | ways none of the other examples you listed come close.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Isn't that a form of punishment instead of retribution?
        
             | lostdog wrote:
             | Jail. Jail would be reasonable for purposefully poisoning
             | tens of millions of people.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | Point of order.
               | 
               | Jail is for people not convicted of crimes.
               | 
               | Prison is for convicts.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | To those in jail, I doubt it matters
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | This is a more complex case than I thought, and the dissent
       | argument is actually very powerful and convincing:
       | 
       | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-124_8nk0.pdf
       | 
       | Basically, the original judge did a good job - the settlement
       | plan was reasonable and widely popular. And the Sackler family
       | being released from liability by putting billions of personal
       | dollars into the payment fund meant more victims would get more
       | money immediately.
       | 
       | With this ruling, the Sacklers are personally legally liable
       | again - which may make you or I more happy, but this means that
       | victims have to pursue a much harder and more expensive set of
       | lawsuits to get money from the Sackler family. It also means the
       | victims of the deal don't get a voice in the proceedings, and it
       | may also make future payouts and bankruptcies harder if there is
       | no reason to cooperate with the state.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _victims have to pursue a much harder and more expensive set
         | of lawsuits to get money from the Sackler family_
         | 
         | They also have to litigate away a 2004 indemnification
         | agreement extended by Purdue to the Sacklers in 2004, which
         | could result in litigation and liability draining the pot
         | before pay-outs can begin.
         | 
         | Definitely more complicated than I first appreciated.
        
         | nox101 wrote:
         | why would it be harder? wouldn't it just be the next family
         | that tries to get away with crap like this will be scolded
         | sooner?
         | 
         | it seeem like if you want people stop doing bad things you
         | can't let them get away with bad things. here, the family was
         | trying to get away with billions. The bankruptcy court said,
         | "yay, ok". The Supreme Court said "no, not ok"
         | 
         | I don't understand the dissent. unless the dissent is friends
         | of the family trying to spin.
        
           | LordKeren wrote:
           | It's harder because it requires piercing the veil of
           | protection of an LLC, a legal construct that is explicitly
           | designed to limit liabilities. There are simply more legal
           | hurdles to this.
           | 
           | Though I do agree with the conclusion that the bankruptcy
           | court should not be able to grant immunity to the Sackler
           | family. It feels deeply, deeply immoral
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _harder because it requires piercing the veil of
             | protection of an LLC_
             | 
             | Source?
             | 
             | It's harder because they're indemnified by Purdue, and
             | their individual liability is far from established. (The
             | opinion and dissent both refer to a monolithic "Sacklers,"
             | but they're individuals and trusts and whatever.)
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | I think the argument is against the Sacklers personally and
             | their actions, not based on their ownership stake of the
             | LLC. So this wouldn't involve piercing the veil.
             | 
             | Only if suitors were going against Sackler assets to pay
             | off Purdue corporate stuff.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | If you want money from the Purdue bankruptcy entity: you just
           | file a claim while they still have money.
           | 
           | If you want money from the Sackler family: you need to lawyer
           | up, prove a bunch of personal liability claims (which are
           | very, very hard cases to win), and wait a long time. And hope
           | they still have money.
           | 
           | While it may feel nice to eventually, _maybe_ , be able to
           | throw the Sackler family in jail, it basically just blows up
           | the ability to do mass tort arbitration.
           | 
           | From the dissent, which even includes Sotomayor and Kagan:
           | 
           | "As a result of the Court's decision, each victim and
           | creditor receives the essential equivalent of a lottery
           | ticket for a possible future recovery for (at most) a few of
           | them. And as the Bankruptcy Court explained, without the non-
           | debtor releases, there is no good reason to believe that any
           | of the victims or state or local governments will ever
           | recover anything."
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _If you want money from the Purdue bankruptcy entity: you
             | just file a claim while they still have money_
             | 
             | And as the dissent notes, this class includes the Sacklers
             | per their 2004 indemnification agreement. So we first need
             | to nullify that to avoid draining.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | How would you propose the agreement be nullified? Was it
               | fraudulent, or performed without shareholder approval?
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | An important but frequently overlooked aspect of the law is
           | that by the time the courts are involve it is often too late
           | for there to truly be justice. Things have often happened
           | that cannot be undone. Often parties that are at fault do not
           | have the resources to pay their share of damages.
           | 
           | No matter what the court does in those situations _someone_
           | is getting screwed.
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | > no reason to cooperate with the state
         | 
         | The idea of the rule of law + the state's monopoly on violence
         | is that you WILL cooperate with the state if the law says you
         | should. It may even be worth some losses to keep that up.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _you WILL cooperate with the state if the law says you
           | should_
           | 
           | As the dissent notes, we don't yet know what the law says
           | about the Sacklers' liability.
        
         | raizer88 wrote:
         | If I had lost a family member to drug abuse I would want
         | justice (ie. jail time) not money.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _I would want justice (ie. jail time) not money_
           | 
           | Retribution not restitution [1]. "Justice" in this context is
           | ambiguous.
           | 
           | [1] https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-5-the-
           | purpose...
        
             | 1024core wrote:
             | What's the point of "restitution" if it came from the
             | victims anyways? The Sacklers would have kept all of their
             | ill-gotten gains under this settlement. The amount they'd
             | be paying is practically just the interest from their
             | earnings.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _What 's the point of "restitution" if it came from the
               | victims anyways?_
               | 
               | The difference between having money and not.
               | 
               | > _amount they 'd be paying is practically just the
               | interest from their earnings_
               | 
               | Not disputing, the majority almost admits as much, but
               | source?
        
               | a2dam wrote:
               | Restoring what was taken from the victims is literally
               | the definition of restitution.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | Except if all you have is restitution, there's no
               | punishment.
               | 
               | "Hey, I stole this money from you but since I gave it
               | back - after a court ordered me to - we're all square,
               | right?"
        
             | tunesmith wrote:
             | I have a hard time with the concept of retribution alone,
             | but I think if it is phrased in terms of modeling societal
             | standards and demonstrating to others that this behavior is
             | unacceptable, it is still valuable to society. I guess you
             | can mark that under "deterrence", but it's less about
             | sending a signal to future would-be criminals, and more
             | about communicating and demonstrating societal standards to
             | the entire society at large.
        
           | richwater wrote:
           | justice from whom? Just because they got a prescription
           | doesn't mean they lost complete body autonomy. The lack of
           | personal responsibility regarding drugs around here is
           | insane.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | I'm not sure about the justice aspect, but I wouldn't
             | underestimate how powerfully addicting some of these drugs
             | can be to the point where it can override your "personal
             | responsibility". Same thing with any substance like alcohol
             | or cigarettes, gambling, over-eating, etc. It's very easy
             | to slip into abuse and an addictive response and
             | susceptibility isn't universal.
        
             | emaro wrote:
             | Opioids are highly addictive. If you're vulnerable and your
             | doctor eagerly prescribes them because it feeds their
             | wallet, you can easily loose control.
             | 
             | Don't blame the victims.
        
               | richwater wrote:
               | > Don't blame the victims.
               | 
               | Expecting some personal agency is now victim blaming?
               | Detoxing from opioids is not fatal. It sucks. But it's
               | doable. You don't need to take your entire prescription.
               | Take it while you're in pain.
        
               | causal wrote:
               | If you were prescribed heroin and proceeded to take it,
               | you would end up addicted and unable to quit. Full stop.
               | It is exceedingly rare to overcome opiates, you
               | underestimate them greatly.
        
             | causal wrote:
             | The whole basis of this suit is that a Purdue subsidiary
             | went out of their way to market these pills as non-
             | addicting. "Personal responsibility" in this case clearly
             | lies on those actors, not the addicts.
        
         | poopbreath5000 wrote:
         | It's really not that complex. The question is NOT whether the
         | plan was a good idea or reasonable. The question was whether
         | the Bankruptcy Code authorized the bankruptcy judge to approve
         | the plan. It doesn't. It's really not more complex than that.
         | 
         | Courts cannot legislate from the bench. Why not? Because the
         | Constitution says so; i.e., Congress gets to say what the
         | statutes say, while the Judiciary gets to say what the
         | Constitutions says. That's the balance of power under the
         | Constitution.
         | 
         | To me...the waaaaaaay bigger and more intriguing thing is: the
         | story underlying this split 5-4 decision.
         | 
         | I mean this spit the "right" justices and the "left" justices.
         | J Jackson came out of nowhere and sided with four "right"
         | justices. Like, what?
         | 
         | Also, I can't for the life of me understand how J Sotomayor and
         | J Kagan could ever come to the conclusion that this sweetheart
         | deal for rich billionaires, who made their money killing $247k
         | humans, was a good idea and totally fine. Again, what? But no
         | the efficacy of the deal doesn't legally matter and is
         | irrelevant.
         | 
         | Nevertheless, we don't know that the victims will be harmed by
         | this decision. However, we DO KNOW that the rich billionaires
         | would have benefited if this decision went the other way.
         | 
         | Remember that.
         | 
         | There's gotta be a Pulitzer worthy story behind this split.
        
         | dwallin wrote:
         | I disagree. The dissent focused way too much on emotional
         | appeals. It shouldn't matter if the remedy was popular amongst
         | the primary parties if the law doesn't allow for such a remedy,
         | "it was popular" is not a solid legal footing.
         | 
         | If we want to make sure that the victims of people like the
         | Sacklers can get some justice then let's actually write some
         | laws for that purpose. Let's remove the loopholes that let them
         | make a ton of money at the expense of a nation, and them take
         | it all offshore. Let's add transparency to corporate
         | structuring. Let's fully pierce the corporate veil for
         | egregious situations such as this.
         | 
         | What we shouldn't do is allow the powerful yet another tool to
         | escape consequences. Whether or not this particular deal was a
         | net-positive for victims is besides the point. It gives too
         | much power to bankruptcy judges and is a ripe avenue for
         | corruption. Go to a "friendly" judge and have them absolve you
         | of any personal liability, then send them a nice gift basket
         | full of Benjamins, now fully legally (Thanks Supreme Court!).
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | > If we want to make sure that the victims of people like the
           | Sacklers can get some justice
           | 
           | This isn't just about the Sacklers either, this could
           | potentially impact a lot of other important cases in the
           | future once the law is more well defined.
        
       | ein0p wrote:
       | There will be people like Sacklers until we start putting them
       | away and throwing away the key. We do need to put rich people in
       | jail at least every now and again, if for no other reason than to
       | demonstrate we're not a banana republic.
        
         | nickff wrote:
         | > _" We do need to put rich people in jail at least every now
         | and again, if for no other reason than to demonstrate we're not
         | a banana republic."_
         | 
         | And to that end, the USA must demonstrate that it's
         | totalitarian and abuses people's rights?
        
           | mcmcmc wrote:
           | Is rule of law totalitarian? Wealth is not be a get out of
           | jail free card, and imprisonment is not inherently an abuse
           | of rights. While the US prison industrial complex is vile and
           | abusive, the cushy white collar prisons aren't where those
           | abuses are happening.
        
           | squidbeak wrote:
           | I think the poster means those rich who have committed
           | offences, but enjoy softer penalities thanks to their wealth.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | " _Please respond to the strongest plausible interpretation
           | of what someone says, not a weaker one that 's easier to
           | criticize. Assume good faith._"
           | 
           | (squidbeak's reply is a nice example of following this
           | guideline - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40812196)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | 1024core wrote:
         | Unfortunately, vermin like the Sacklers have access to top
         | lawyers. The two founding brothers are dead, so you won't be
         | able to put them away; they are already put away, permanently.
         | 
         | However, their despicable offspring managed to flee the country
         | with their ill-gotten gains; good luck finding them now.
         | 
         | My biggest beef with this case has been that people should not
         | be allowed to just "buy" themselves out of jail. The US does
         | not have a concept of "blood money" in its legal code (at
         | least, not yet anyways). This agreement amounted to blood
         | money, practically. Blood money != justice.
        
           | oezi wrote:
           | Three brothers! The dynasty origin and eldest brother is
           | Arthur Sackler.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | > We do need to put rich people in jail at least every now and
         | again, if for no other reason than to demonstrate we're not a
         | banana republic.
         | 
         | ... you do know that banana republics did this exact thing all
         | of the time?
        
           | EnergyAmy wrote:
           | I suspect you misinterpreted what they said. We should be
           | putting guilty people in jail, even if they're rich and
           | powerful.
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | " _Please respond to the strongest plausible interpretation
           | of what someone says, not a weaker one that 's easier to
           | criticize. Assume good faith._"
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | Unfortunately, this is no longer possible to a great extent.
         | 
         | "Purdue flourished under brothers Mortimer and Raymond Sackler,
         | who died in 2010 and 2017, respectively."
        
           | ein0p wrote:
           | I'm sure it was a lot more than just two people
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40811921.
         | 
         | It's best to avoid generic tangents in HN threads, especially
         | generic flamewar tangents. They tend to make discussion more
         | repetitive and therefore more tedious and eventually more
         | nasty. This particular one has been repeated hundreds if not
         | thousands of times in the past.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | I find the Supreme court decisions to be fascinating reads and
       | overall much more interesting and complicated than most news
       | services make them out to be.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | Yes, indubitably. It's easy to lose sight of (if one doesn't
         | read the rulings regularly) the fact that SCOTUS's job is to
         | come to rational and deliberate rulings grounded firmly in
         | textual and common law dating back over a thousand years. Even
         | when one doesn't agree with the conclusion, one rarely sees a
         | ruling that isn't reasonable (though sometimes seeing the
         | reason involves entertaining a fact pattern other than the one
         | you believe to be true!).
        
           | voidfunc wrote:
           | Lol, they're also quite ideological. Don't fall for the trap
           | that these people are enlightened philosophers. They have a
           | lot of flaws in their own right.
           | 
           | Ask good lawyers about their thoughts on SCOTUS Justices,
           | it's not always peachy.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | Even if they are ideological, they are not _usually_
             | political hacks ( _cough_ Thomas _cough_ ).
             | 
             | Honestly though, for as much flak as this current court
             | gets, there is at least a certain consistency where they at
             | least mostly stick to arguments about the letter of the
             | law. In previous courts you would see some truly _wild_
             | written arguments about how, like, a specific word in the
             | Commerce Clause or whatever could mean whatever you wanted
             | it to.
        
           | _DeadFred_ wrote:
           | Haha. Sure. Like when they make up Qualified Immunity which
           | is a completely made up special status/protection given by
           | the Courts, not by law or common law but abusing the concept
           | of Judicial immunity and expanding it to all governmental
           | officials.
           | 
           | See Pierson v. Ray (1967)
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please make your substantive points without swipes (like
             | "haha sure"). This is in the site guidelines:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
        
               | _DeadFred_ wrote:
               | My bad. I can no longer edit/delete my comment to fix it.
               | 
               | I haven't responded that way in the past but was
               | responded to that way a couple of days ago and guess it
               | took hold. I can see why you have to clamp down on it, it
               | easily spreads.
        
           | Supermancho wrote:
           | > one rarely sees a ruling that isn't reasonable
           | 
           | Not so true of this incarnation of SCOTUS. It's amazing when
           | they dont delay or rule (by majority) via ridiculous
           | interpretation.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | This is going too far I think.
           | 
           | There are some partisan hacks on the bench and the
           | institution's legitimacy is in pretty bad shape.
           | 
           | But in this case they got an issue that didn't have as much
           | partisan alignment so maybe they did some good work.
        
           | pastor_bob wrote:
           | Yet, during oral arguments they use some of the most juvenile
           | thought experiments to prove their 'slippery slope' opinions
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Nonsense.
             | 
             | Oral arguments are the lawyers making arguments. The
             | justices ask questions and collect answers. Their proofs
             | are in their opinions.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please make your substantive points without swipes or
               | calling names. This is in the site guidelines:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
               | 
               | Your post would be fine without that first bit.
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | Especially since this 5-4 decision didn't follow the
         | "conservative" or "liberal" split at all.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | And honestly, while we like to lump them into "conservative"
           | and "liberal" camps for simplicity, it's easy to get the
           | correlation wrong. Like anyone else, their moral and legal
           | philosophies might make them lean one way or another
           | politically, not the other way around. Even for the most
           | extremely political justices, to hear them expound on the
           | legal principles of federalism or human rights is very
           | fascinating.
           | 
           | It's easy to forget that, while they are political
           | appointees, they have to have fairly long careers as acting
           | judges to even qualify for the appointments.
        
             | timemct wrote:
             | Save for at least one current sitting Justice: Amy Coney
             | Barrett. They only had ~3 years of experience being a
             | judge, Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals (2017-2020), before
             | being nominated to the Supreme Court. Yes, they have
             | experience in other law related roles, however your comment
             | explicitly stated, "...fairly long careers as acting
             | judges...," so that is what I'm speaking to.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | Fair point!
        
             | OrigamiPastrami wrote:
             | > It's easy to forget that, while they are political
             | appointees, they have to have fairly long careers as acting
             | judges to even qualify for the appointments.
             | 
             | This is objectively false. There are no requirements like
             | this and there have been several appointees throughout
             | history without many, if any, qualifications for the role.
        
             | buildbot wrote:
             | Amy Coney Barrett only served 3 years as a judge - that
             | doesn't seem very long at all.
        
             | nonethewiser wrote:
             | Liberal vs. conservative has always been the wrong take.
             | The stronger dividing line is textualism vs pragmatism.
             | 
             | In fact Scalia famously said this coming from a textualist
             | perspective which I think most people can agree with even
             | if they hate him: " If you're going to be a good and
             | faithful judge, you have to resign yourself to the fact
             | that you're not always going to like the conclusions you
             | reach."
             | 
             | This seems absolutely correct, but when is the last time
             | ypu ever saw a commentator observe this? Critique has been
             | reduced to "i dont like the effect so the interpretation of
             | the law is wrong." Put the other way, a fair observer must
             | eventually say "i really hate the conclusion but they got
             | it right."
        
               | throwaway48476 wrote:
               | The country gave up on change through legislation a long
               | time ago so now it's down to trying to sway the court.
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | >The stronger dividing line is textualism vs pragmatism.
               | 
               | They should be doing what is right for the American
               | _people_. There are clearly laws on the books today which
               | infringe on individual freedoms (abortion), harm society
               | as a whole (citizens united), etc.
               | 
               | The 'justice system' is _supposed_ to be the government
               | branch protecting the little guy from powerful elites. I
               | 've not often seen that. I see the opposite. If the legal
               | system won't deliver justice, well, people are going to
               | take things into their own hands whether that's 'justice'
               | or not. If you bury your child, and you see the people
               | ultimately responsible get away with it, I'm not sure I
               | could really blame them.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _The 'justice system' is supposed to be the government
               | branch protecting the little guy from powerful elites_
               | 
               | The justice system. Not necessarily the courts. Our
               | courts definitely weren't designed to be a political
               | body.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | Strong but respectful disagree from me. Justice is
               | supposed to be blind. And if right and wrong were so
               | clear cut there would no need for democracy at all.
               | 
               | The court is not a democratic institution and exists to
               | uphold the textual rule of law as determined by
               | lawmakers. If a pragmatic ruling by the court can
               | circumvent a politically logjammed congress, so be it.
               | But the courts deciding what is right or wrong for the
               | American people is a very slippery slope that leads to
               | disaster. And a court that just rules against the
               | (existing) elite every time is a junta.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | This is exactly it.
               | 
               | Both sides have their merit, but some people want to have
               | it both ways - do you want pragmatic judges or more
               | democracy? They can often be mutually exclusive.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | > The stronger dividing line is textualism vs pragmatism.
               | 
               | Except when it came to "textualism vs pragmatism", I've
               | seen that the "textualist" judges have, in many cases, no
               | problem being "pragmatists" when it suits their desired
               | outcome on an issue.
               | 
               | For example, when Scalia dissented in some famous gay
               | rights cases (I'm thinking of Lawrence v Texas
               | specifically) his basic disgust at the thought of same
               | sex relations was laid bare. Ironically, in Lawrence v
               | Texas his dissent was basically correct - striking down
               | laws against sodomy _was_ a step towards gay marriage -
               | but the gist of his argument was that gay marriage was
               | such a god awful, horrible, unthinkable thing that any
               | decision that allowed it must be prima facie wrong. He
               | was basically warning  "This decision will force us to
               | allow gay marriage" as if, instead of that being a good
               | thing, it was akin to allowing the apocalypse.
               | 
               | Scalia also authored the 5-4 decision in District of
               | Columbia v. Heller, a major second amendment case that
               | held, for the first time, that individuals had a private
               | right to own guns (not just "a well-regulated militia").
               | Read up on that case, as tons of "conservative" judicial
               | scholars argued that it was "pulled from thin air" just
               | as much as Roe v Wade was. From the Wikipedia page:
               | 
               | > Richard Posner, judge for the United States Court of
               | Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, compares Heller to Roe
               | v. Wade, stating that it created a federal constitutional
               | right that did not previously exist, and he asserts that
               | the originalist method - to which Justice Antonin Scalia
               | claimed to adhere - would have yielded the opposite
               | result of the majority opinion.
               | 
               | >> The text of the amendment, whether viewed alone or in
               | light of the concerns that actuated its adoption, creates
               | no right to the private possession of guns for hunting or
               | other sport, or for the defense of person or property. It
               | is doubtful that the amendment could even be thought to
               | require that members of state militias be allowed to keep
               | weapons in their homes, since that would reduce the
               | militias' effectiveness. Suppose part of a state's
               | militia was engaged in combat and needed additional
               | weaponry. Would the militia's commander have to collect
               | the weapons from the homes of militiamen who had not been
               | mobilized, as opposed to obtaining them from a storage
               | facility? Since the purpose of the Second Amendment,
               | judging from its language and background, was to assure
               | the effectiveness of state militias, an interpretation
               | that undermined their effectiveness by preventing states
               | from making efficient arrangements for the storage and
               | distribution of military weapons would not make sense.
        
           | subsubzero wrote:
           | How they voted(Name and the party of the administration that
           | picked them):
           | 
           | Majority
           | 
           | Neil Gorsuch (Rep.)
           | 
           | Samuel A. Alito Jr (Rep)
           | 
           | Clarence Thomas (Rep)
           | 
           | Ketanji Brown Jackson (Dem)
           | 
           | Amy Coney Barrett (Rep)
           | 
           | =======
           | 
           | Minority
           | 
           | John G. Roberts(Rep)
           | 
           | Sonia Sotomeyer(Dem)
           | 
           | Elena Kagan(Dem)
           | 
           | Brent Kavanagh(Rep)
           | 
           | Whats really surprising is how Gorusch is quite the wildcard,
           | he also authored the majority decision that said that 1/2 of
           | Oklahoma belongs to Native Americans -
           | https://www.npr.org/2020/07/09/889562040/supreme-court-
           | rules...
        
             | nonethewiser wrote:
             | Its almost like they arent just a political body.
             | 
             | Nah... thats unthinkable
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Either that, or it's almost like politics have more
               | dimensions than party affiliation.
        
             | JohnMakin wrote:
             | Kavanaugh can also be a bit of a wild card. Been surprised
             | by him quite a few times. many of the others are entirely
             | predictable.
        
         | ortusdux wrote:
         | I added the SCOTUS oral arguments to my podcast feed. They are
         | a great listen!
        
         | curiousgal wrote:
         | Try listening to the audio recordings of the arguments on
         | https://www.oyez.org/
        
         | balozi wrote:
         | I totally agree. I have also been captivated by the oral
         | arguments. To the extent that I find myself pre-researching
         | some of the cases' background beforehand. Makes for compelling
         | entertainment when you have a sense on why the justices
         | approach questioning the way that they do. Beats any podcast I
         | know.
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | They're also eminently readable, which (to me) shows the
         | massive skill of whoever writes these. The fact that I, a
         | layman, can easily understand them speaks to the quality of the
         | writing.
        
           | kristopolous wrote:
           | Or to how unexceptionally average most of the judges actually
           | are.
           | 
           | If you're willing to entertain these are skilled brilliant
           | jurists with some kind of mystical levels of elucidation,
           | maybe they're actually just people who failed upward into a
           | job with a fancy robe
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | The difficulty of understanding a text isn't proportional
             | to how skilled the person is at their job (I think it's
             | inversely proportional, if anything), but to how familiar a
             | field is.
             | 
             | It doesn't take a good developer to describe a system in a
             | way that nobody can understand it. It does take a great one
             | to describe a system in a way that a layman can understand
             | it.
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | You mean articles with headlines like " Supreme Court Nukes
         | Hunter Biden Laptop Conspiracy in Brutal Ruling" arent actually
         | substantive? https://newrepublic.com/post/183140/supreme-court-
         | hunter-bid...
        
           | marcus0x62 wrote:
           | I'm surprised that wasn't
           | 
           | "Supreme Court NUKES Hunter Biden Laptop Conspiracy in BRUTAL
           | Ruling" (with "NUKES" and "BRUTAL" in obligatory red font.)
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | I studied international politics in college and as a result I
         | read not only a ton of news, but often the primary sources they
         | were based on, and I was shocked by the amount of omissions and
         | oversimplifications. I've never understood people who don't
         | "trust" the news given that it is provably accurate and factual
         | nearly all of the time. But I've long despised the arrogance
         | from mainstream media wherein they confidently decide what to
         | print and what not to print with no explanation or
         | accountability on those decisions.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40811187. Nothing wrong
         | with your post but I wanted to pin
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40811187 to the top of the
         | thread, and this subthread is a bit generic.
        
       | rootusrootus wrote:
       | I could see shielding from future civil liability as an option,
       | but only after a true bankruptcy has occurred. Liquidate
       | everything, and by that I mean _everything_ , and then you can
       | move on with your life. Definitely no shielding money in offshore
       | accounts.
       | 
       | If you're not willing to do that ... well, see you in court. Over
       | and over, because every individual you hurt should have a chance
       | to come at you with a liability claim.
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | One problem of which I was unaware is that the Sackler family
         | has largely fled the United States.
         | 
         | Pursuing their assets introduces vast complexities of
         | international law.
         | 
         | "In a brief filed on behalf of the relatives of Mortimer
         | Sackler, most of whom are based overseas, lawyers warned of
         | "significant litigation costs and risks" in seeking to enforce
         | any foreign court judgments against the family if the
         | settlement were thrown out."
        
           | lycopodiopsida wrote:
           | The US are proud of getting some terrorist in the middle of
           | Pakistan or putting pressure on whistleblowers
           | internationally but when big money is involved getting a
           | criminal scumbag responsible for ~1m deaths is suddenly a
           | huge problem.
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | Listen, we can't spend like we did going after Julian
             | Assange on this. It's just business people doing business.
        
               | wmf wrote:
               | El Chapo is crying.
        
               | _DeadFred_ wrote:
               | El Chapo was free to form a corporation and then create
               | an indemnification agreement between that company and
               | himself. That he chose not to is on him.
        
           | csdreamer7 wrote:
           | > "In a brief filed on behalf of the relatives of Mortimer
           | Sackler, most of whom are based overseas, lawyers warned of
           | "significant litigation costs and risks" in seeking to
           | enforce any foreign court judgments against the family if the
           | settlement were thrown out."
           | 
           | I understand your point, but basically they are saying: "We
           | hid all our assets to evade the law. Give us immunity from
           | criminal money laundering evasion and we will only pay part
           | of what we likely would have owed."
           | 
           | Can you imagine a member of Congress or the President saying
           | this? Forgoing immunity is a scorched earth tactic, but it is
           | also one that will dissuade future abusers. We have those
           | overseas money reporting laws that make it difficult for
           | Americans to get bank accounts overseas. Let's use them!
        
             | sillywalk wrote:
             | > "We hid all our assets to evade the law. Give us immunity
             | from criminal money laundering evasion and we will only pay
             | part of what we likely would have owed."
             | 
             | > Can you imagine a member of Congress or the President
             | saying this?
             | 
             | Yes.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Well, we haven't gotten to that part just yet. Right now,
               | we're still in the stage of deny deny deny even in the
               | face of evidence and convictions. They are still in the
               | deny stage.
        
             | yieldcrv wrote:
             | > "We hid all our assets to evade the law. Give us immunity
             | from criminal money laundering evasion and we will only pay
             | part of what we likely would have owed."
             | 
             | > We have those overseas money reporting laws that make it
             | difficult for Americans to get bank accounts overseas.
             | Let's use them!
             | 
             | This is conflating two things.
             | 
             | It is not criminal to move money offshore, and nothing
             | suggested any money laundering occurred, because it is not
             | necessary to launder money to move it offshore. And it is
             | also not money laundering to obfuscate money's origin or
             | destination. Money laundering requires a criminal origin
             | and then obfuscation.
             | 
             | Despite how much the US has convinced its entire culture to
             | stigmatize the concept of moving money, the US is operating
             | in its own bubble of hubris to suggest money has to stay
             | within its ecosystem. It doesn't make any sense at all when
             | you say it out loud does it?
             | 
             | To your second point, the US has reporting laws on money
             | held offshore legally, for US citizens. For banks, this is
             | merely an additional compliance burden that disincentivizes
             | them from dealing with small accounts because its not worth
             | it. But at Sackler money, it is worth it. It is not hard to
             | find someone to bank you as an American. And at Sackler
             | levels of money you don't have to remain a US citizen,
             | hence absolving the reporting requirements if they went
             | that direction.
             | 
             | Or when you have a second citizenship, you can just not
             | tell the US about it, and you can just not tell the foreign
             | bank about your US citizenship. Prosecute that on its own,
             | if you find out.
             | 
             | and finally, there are gaps in this reporting framework.
             | FATCA treaty was a broad expansion of a country's power, to
             | the limit of our global society in the continuum of
             | history. And its not completely as omnipresent as the
             | American psyche imagined. Just like the global sanctions
             | attempt on Russia showed, its a nice try but now everyone
             | can see how much is hubris in plain sight.
        
               | armada651 wrote:
               | > And at Sackler levels of money you don't have to remain
               | a US citizen, hence absolving the reporting requirements
               | if they went that direction.
               | 
               | Renouncing your citizenship because you owe the US
               | government money is generally not seen as a valid reason
               | by the US government to renounce your citizenship.
        
               | fuzzylightbulb wrote:
               | Nor should it be. These people are leeches whose very
               | existence is antithetical to a healthy and just society.
               | They've done immeasurable damage and then hide behind the
               | courts to avoid any repercussions. Disgusting, the lot of
               | them.
        
             | chasil wrote:
             | Consider a few issues:
             | 
             | - the foremost among the perpetrators are dead
             | 
             | - the rest of the family is culpable, but less so
             | 
             | - the settlement money will now be entirely repurposed for
             | legal defense
             | 
             | - meanwhile the victims get nothing
             | 
             | Does justice demand punishment or compensation?
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Considering the patience the US has with getting justice
           | against other individuals who have fled our jurisdiction, we
           | could do the same here. We also have an enormous amount of
           | influence in the financial sector in other western nations,
           | so we could at least make their lives less lavish and
           | comfortable.
           | 
           | Throwing up our hands and declaring it an unsolvable issue
           | just encourages others to misbehave and then escape the same
           | way.
        
             | nickff wrote:
             | The question is whether to allow a smaller settlement
             | immediately, or pursue a less-likely and possibly larger
             | set of judgements in the future. It's not clear that it is
             | possible to get more money out of them.
        
               | hyeonwho4 wrote:
               | The EPA values one human life at $10M. A conservative
               | estimate of the number of people killed by the Sackler
               | family's companies (testified in court) was ~~245,000~~
               | Edit: probably at least 100,000, see below. So if opiates
               | were environmental pollutants, the Sacklers would be on
               | the hook for $1T in damages. Their immediate settlement
               | was $6B.
               | 
               | Roughly three orders of magnitude too small.
        
               | richwater wrote:
               | Attributing every single opioid overdose to solely the
               | Sackler family is so laughably ludicrous it's hard to
               | take this comment seriously.
        
               | ygjb wrote:
               | ok, so now you are just arguing percentages. What is an
               | appropriate amount of the harm to be apportioned to the
               | Sackler family?
        
               | hyeonwho4 wrote:
               | The number of opioid overdoses between 1999 and 2021 was
               | 645,000, according to CDC. Purdue Pharma brought in $35B
               | in OxyContin revenue from 1995 to 2017. OxyContin was
               | prescribed to 6.2 million people in 2002.
               | 
               | I'll edit the number above to ~100,000 as an estimate of
               | the number of victims, since it looks like I
               | misremembered 645,000 as the number of Purdue-related
               | deaths. Still, that's assuming only 1.6% of those 6.2
               | million people taking OxyContin in 2002 developed an
               | addiction, which seems low.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | If we can seize Russian oligarch's money, why could the US
             | Gov't not seize assets of a US citizen even if living
             | abroad?
        
             | whycome wrote:
             | Hey, it's not like they shared copyrighted movies on a
             | server or something.
        
             | snapcaster wrote:
             | We just need to convince people they leaked a couple videos
             | of the war state doing bad stuff
        
             | tcmart14 wrote:
             | With that first sentence, I thought this might be doing
             | down the road of, "boy, there sure is a lot of 'democracy'
             | that needs to be spread."
        
         | brookst wrote:
         | I think you're mixing up the Purdue bankruptcy and individual,
         | personal bankruptcies for the Sacklers. This case was about the
         | corporate bankruptcy.
        
       | qarl wrote:
       | Seems like the justices missed a great opportunity here to rule
       | in favor of the settlement and then receive $$$$$$ next year as a
       | thank you gift.
       | 
       | Because buying government officials is now entirely legal.
       | 
       | https://www.scotusblog.com/2024/06/supreme-court-limits-scop...
        
       | petesergeant wrote:
       | > Justices Kavanaugh, Sotomayor, Kagan, and Roberts disagreed
       | 
       | Fascinating split
        
         | tunesmith wrote:
         | Strong language, too, against the majority that includes
         | Jackson ("Brown Jackson"?).
        
       | jpalawaga wrote:
       | This is the only reasonable outcome... you can't deny some people
       | justice just because other people think it's fine.
       | 
       | The sacklers have done immeasurable damage to the country. All of
       | their wealth should be removed. Their foundation should be
       | dismantled and used to fund damage and mental health services for
       | addicts of the opioid crisis that they went on to create.
       | 
       | And perhaps some of the individual pushers/purveyors of the
       | drugs, too.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | Yes, although in theory the justices are ruling on what the law
         | means, rather than ruling on what they think it should mean for
         | justice to be served.
        
         | robnado wrote:
         | Agreed, they should be made an example of. Everyone involved in
         | the fraud of getting this medication approved and then marketed
         | to millions of people should face a fair trial and should be
         | made an example of if found guilty. There is no reason that
         | this medication should have been approved or marketed the way
         | it was, especially considering what the medical community
         | already knew about opioids and the harm they can cause.
        
           | polotics wrote:
           | Considering the three strikes rule and other extremely
           | punitive judgement against drug offenders, how are the
           | sacklers still not in solitary?
        
           | ensignavenger wrote:
           | The immunity deal on the table here was for civil litigation,
           | not criminal trials. The Sackler family can still declare
           | bankruptcy on their own, they just can't use the bankruptcy
           | of their company to extend protection to themselves- which
           | does make sense. But nothing that was proposed would have
           | shielded them from criminal prosecution.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | The Sacklers were absolved of financial liability, not
         | criminal. A DA that thought there was a strong enough case
         | could have brought charges this whole time irrespective of the
         | settlement agreement.
         | 
         | > Their foundation should be dismantled and used to fund damage
         | and mental health services for addicts of the opioid crisis
         | that they went on to create.
         | 
         | Part of the settlement agreement was that they were going to
         | turn Purdue into a treatment organization. But right now it's
         | back to the drawing board and plaintiffs will have to pursue
         | separate and much harder cases to get reparations directly from
         | all the individual members of the Sackler family.
        
           | saghm wrote:
           | > The Sacklers were absolved of financial liability, not
           | criminal
           | 
           | I don't understand how this changes anything; why would it
           | make any more sense for the subset of the victims who settled
           | to absolve the Sacklers of financial liability towards to the
           | victims who didn't settle? The type of liability doesn't
           | change the fact that victims not part of the settlement
           | shouldn't be restricted by the terms of it; being able to
           | push their own case separately is the entire reason why
           | people are allowed to opt out of class action settlements.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | As the dissent pointed out, getting voluntary concessions
             | from parties is generally considered a _good_ outcome in
             | bankruptcy court and part of the reason it exists in the
             | first place. Any time you can take a million lawsuits and
             | turn it into one saves a lot of legal fees for everyone and
             | frees up our court system.
             | 
             | Another thing the dissent pointed out is that anyone who
             | doesn't participate in the group settlement is only going
             | to get the money first-come/first-serve. In bankruptcy
             | court you can split the money more or less evenly. If
             | everyone litigates separately, only the people with more
             | senior claims get their money before the funds run out.
        
           | 7thaccount wrote:
           | Last time I looked into things, the fines they were going to
           | pay is a tiny slap on the wrist compared to the obscene money
           | they made. They can put the billions in an account and use
           | just some of the interest for the fines. The biggest hit to
           | them so far was having their name removed from some museums.
           | Let that sink in. They've lost some slight prestige with
           | other wealthy folks.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | They took in something like $11 billion and were going to
             | fund something like $6 billion.
             | 
             | As far as purely pragmatic solutions go this was not a bad
             | deal for victims. There are a lot of members of the Sackler
             | family and a lot of them have a lot of money despite
             | personally not being connected to the Purdue business in
             | any way.
             | 
             | Even if they could all be connected to wrongdoing actually
             | getting money from, like, the second step-grand-nephew who
             | lives in Copenhagen is going to be really, really hard.
        
               | BugsJustFindMe wrote:
               | $6 billion dollars is a _lot_ of money, but it 's also
               | just half of what they profited from what was effectively
               | mass murder. Is that really something you want to let
               | people buy their way out of for less than they profited?
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | Think of it this way - if you found out your great-grand-
               | uncle was a Nazi official, and that the house you grew up
               | in or the favorable college you got into or whatever
               | lifestyle you had growing up was initially partly funded
               | by his misdeeds? Could your assets be targeted by
               | descendants of the victims and you personally be made
               | bankrupt?
               | 
               | That's a bit of an exaggeration, but a lot of the wealth
               | of the Sackler family is distributed this way. The
               | original brothers have died, there is a huge lump of
               | easily gotten money from the direct family, and then
               | there is a lot of money that has been spread around 2 or
               | 3 generations removed. At a certain point if you want the
               | full $11 billion you are going to have to go into the
               | weeds.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | I don't think "partly funded by his misdeeds" is an
               | accurate description.
               | 
               | Members of the Sackler family ran Perdue Pharma and they
               | aren't dead. Sure, a relative of the Perdue Pharma
               | executives should be off limit for liability. But there's
               | still plenty of actual executives that should be held
               | accountable.
        
               | hyeonwho4 wrote:
               | 645,000 people died due to opiate abuse while their
               | company was promoting opiates, and their prescriptions
               | peaked at 6.2 million prescription users pee year. Under
               | EPA standards for damages they would be liable for
               | trillions.
        
         | lokar wrote:
         | More narrowly, a judge can't impose an outcome or settlement on
         | someone where the law does not allow for it.
        
       | CSMastermind wrote:
       | Discussed here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40810767
        
         | dang wrote:
         | (we merged that thread hither)
        
       | esd_g0d wrote:
       | What share of the guild do the medical providers that prescribed
       | the opioids to their patients have? There would be no opioid
       | crisis if none were willing to do it.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | Scott Alexander had a very interesting writeup about his
         | experiences: https://slatestarcodex.com/2019/09/16/against-
         | against-pseudo...
        
           | nickff wrote:
           | I just read it (because of your link), and commend it to
           | other people in this thread; quite a well-described and
           | interesting position.
        
           | esd_g0d wrote:
           | The US is the only place in the world AFAIK where you will
           | get prescribed opioids for something as trivial as a wisdom
           | tooth extraction (kind of like one of the cases cited). It is
           | also the only place in the world AFAIK going through the
           | opioid epidemic.
           | 
           | Every other country in the world has got the problem of
           | painkillers figured out. So it can't be that complicated.
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | Wisdom teeth extraction is far from trivial and opioids are
             | a very reasonable prescription for pain from that surgery.
        
               | esd_g0d wrote:
               | Literally does not happen in two countries that I know
               | of, and I bet in many countries of the world (developed
               | ones even).
        
               | saint_fiasco wrote:
               | Objectively, opioids are prescribed much less often
               | outside the US.
               | 
               | Subjectively, I got four wisdom teeth extracted in two
               | sessions of two extractions each. Both times I only
               | needed generic acetaminophen to manage the pain.
               | 
               | Perhaps an US surgeon have insisted on doing it all in
               | one session, in which case I would have found the pain
               | and discomfort intolerable and opioids would have made
               | more sense.
               | 
               | In any case, they should probably figure out why their
               | patients are in more pain than the patients of foreign
               | surgeons and fix that. It could be something silly like
               | them being less gentle during surgery because they are
               | used to their patients being on opioids.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | Wisdom teeth was actually one of the safer use cases. You
             | would only get a short run so it was hard to build
             | dependance.
             | 
             | The opioid crisis was really defined by people with chronic
             | long-term pain being given it for years at a time.
        
               | esd_g0d wrote:
               | The point is that people are overall too cavalier about
               | opioids in the US.
               | 
               | I don't think it's necessary to get into the details of
               | how much pain is enough pain, how acute is acute enough,
               | etc... because this is not a problem essentially anywhere
               | else in the world -- and not because they thought really
               | hard about it.
        
       | xeckr wrote:
       | I don't understand the hatred directed at the Sacklers. Oxycodone
       | is, just like all other opiates, highly effective at suppressing
       | pain, potentially addictive, and deadly in large enough doses.
       | This has been common medical knowledge for millennia. Why do so
       | many people believe that they are responsible for overdose
       | deaths?
        
         | throwway120385 wrote:
         | Because they marketed an opioid as an "extended release" form
         | when they knew from their own internal studies that the pain
         | relief only lasted the standard 6 hours instead of the 8 hours
         | that were claimed. As a result, people would find themselves
         | taking more to stay on top of their symptoms and the resulting
         | ramp in use would leave people debilitated.
        
           | lokar wrote:
           | It was also pitched as abuse resistant (something about it
           | being hard to grind up the pills), which they also knew to be
           | untrue.
        
         | esd_g0d wrote:
         | Exactly. It took the collaboration of many different people,
         | all of which also profited from it, to bring about the opioid
         | crisis.
        
           | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
           | The vendor who sells many different things seems to be at
           | least a bit less culpable than the provider who sells just
           | their thing while lying about certain effects of it. Yes, we
           | can examine how we got into this situation where doctors take
           | drug advice from the people who make the drugs but the people
           | who lied for profit deserve the lion's share of the
           | criticism.
        
             | esd_g0d wrote:
             | In practice, even many of the general public knew that what
             | the vendor was selling was addictive and dangerous -- there
             | are some reports even in this thread. So it's hard for the
             | vendor to claim ignorance, even more so when often they
             | also stood to profit from the lie (repeat customers).
        
         | sanktanglia wrote:
         | because the way they encouraged doctors to push it to everyone,
         | regardless if they needed it or not. they aggressively marketed
         | and pushed the drug in situations that didnt call for it
        
         | ta_9135049 wrote:
         | Because they marketed it as a non-addictive opioid because it
         | was extended release and encouraged doctors always to prescribe
         | the maximum amount despite internal testing showing the
         | extended release was bogus and it was still addictive?
        
         | KerrAvon wrote:
         | https://www.britannica.com/science/opioid
         | 
         | > Although a different formulation of oxycodone, manufactured
         | by Merck & Co., was removed from the market in 1990 because of
         | a high risk of addiction, members of the Sackler family
         | downplayed the dangers of OxyContin, deceiving doctors into
         | thinking that it was weaker than morphine and convincing them
         | to prescribe the drug liberally
        
         | cowboyscott wrote:
         | This provides a good overview of how Purdue accelerated opiate
         | marketing: https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-
         | sackler-familys...
         | 
         | > A recent study, by a team of economists from the Wharton
         | School, Notre Dame, and rand, reviewed overdose statistics in
         | five states where Purdue opted, because of local regulations,
         | to concentrate fewer resources in promoting its drug. The
         | scholars found that, in those states, overdose rates--even from
         | heroin and fentanyl--are markedly lower than in states where
         | Purdue did the full marketing push. The study concludes that
         | "the introduction and marketing of OxyContin explain a
         | substantial share of overdose deaths over the last two
         | decades."
        
           | xeckr wrote:
           | This is a correlation study--I understand that increasing
           | marketing efforts leads to an increase in physician
           | prescription, but those overdose deaths were caused by a tiny
           | fraction of patients refusing to follow the script as issued
           | by their physicians. Whose fault is that?
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | It's especially tough for me because they clearly pushed their
         | sketchy marketing and sales tactics because they honestly
         | believed they were helping people, and in their lifetimes the
         | medical industry lauded them as heroes for "safe" and
         | affordable ways to ease suffering.
         | 
         | Right now people have no problem suppressing research they
         | don't like about the negative effects of marijuana or anti-
         | depressants or whatever their de jour personal treatment is -
         | in 20 years if something bad really comes to light everyone is
         | going to pretend that they knew all along and that everything
         | was a smoking gun. Hindsight is 20/20 and history is written by
         | the victors.
        
         | tacticalturtle wrote:
         | How much of this issue have you investigated already?
         | 
         | It's worth skimming through the Massachusetts AG complaint
         | about their actions, and the strategies employed by Purdue (of
         | which the Sacklers always held the majority of board seats)
         | 
         | https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/assets/u...
        
       | louwrentius wrote:
       | Without proper context, it's not clear to me if this is good or
       | bad. It bad for the victims because there's no settlement. It's
       | good for justice as people with a ton of money shouldn't be above
       | the law.
        
         | lokar wrote:
         | It's good if you think judges should follow the law more or
         | less as written by congress. The whole concept of a 3rd party
         | release in bankruptcy is simply not in the law. Congress could
         | add it, but they have not.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | I changed the URL from
       | https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/06/opioid-settlement-to...
       | to an article that has more information and a less baity title.
       | If there's a better (more accurate and neutral) article, we can
       | change it again.
        
         | datadrivenangel wrote:
         | Thanks Dang!
        
         | strathmeyer wrote:
         | Seems impossible to read Washington Post articles without
         | opening them in incognito mode.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | I know that's annoying but it's allowed ("paywalls with
           | workarounds" has been the rule for a long time on HN - see
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10178989,
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html). Not that we like
           | the annoyances any more than anyone else does, but it's the
           | lesser of two evils.
           | 
           | But we can change the URL if there's a better one.
        
         | rc_mob wrote:
         | i vote link to the ruling itself
        
           | dang wrote:
           | I almost agree but I think probably the best place for that
           | is as a link in the comments, with the best accessible third-
           | party report at the top.
           | 
           | I don't know what the best accessible third-party report is
           | though...
        
       | shadowgovt wrote:
       | Court skipped an opportunity to quote Franklin, since "Those who
       | would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary
       | Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety" actually referred to
       | a legislature entertaining a very similar Faustian bargain (i.e.
       | value now in exchange for perpetual promise to remove
       | responsibility from a family).
       | 
       | ... but probably the correct choice, as that was a legislative,
       | not judicial, circumstance and their decision in the time has no
       | bearing on jurisprudence.
        
       | shawndrost wrote:
       | I understand people who think the Sacklers are villains who
       | destroyed lives, Purdue should be shut down, and we should
       | transform the legal regime around opioids.
       | 
       | I understand people who think Purdue should continue, the status
       | quo is OK, and the Sacklers are not [simply] villainous.
       | 
       | I don't understand people who think the Sacklers are villains who
       | destroyed lives, but Purdue should continue operating more-or-
       | less as-is. Which is, I think, the conclusion from this
       | settlement. If this is you, can you help me understand? Do you
       | think there is/was a realistic way to prescribe opioids routinely
       | and safely?
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | The settlement was not at all about Purdue operating as is.
         | Purdue was going to be turned into a legal fund and treatment
         | provider as part of the settlement agreement.
        
           | shawndrost wrote:
           | Under the bankruptcy settlement, Purdue will continue to sell
           | opioids. The ownership will change (profits will be used to
           | fund the causes you listed) but the operations will not.
           | Right?
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | You know I can't actually find a lot of details about what
             | the "new" Purdue was supposed to operate like - my
             | understanding was that it was going to turn into a
             | receivership under the court.
             | 
             | But that's kind of the weirdness of all of this - at no
             | point was OxyContin itself banned or been made illegal.
        
         | yostrovs wrote:
         | I understand there's fraud and bribes and such, but it seems to
         | me that in the end it is doctors and the medical system, with a
         | bit of help from government regulators, that decide
         | prescriptions, dosages, limitations and such. Purdue could have
         | been making pure poison, but they don't prescribe anything.
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | Is it fraud if the pharmaceutical company falsely claims that
           | the addiction rate is very low? If the company aggressively
           | pushes a dose regimen that is almost designed to produce
           | addiction?
        
         | cheeze wrote:
         | Here is a good resource on it [1]. My understanding is that
         | Purdue pushed hard for marketing, including paying doctors to
         | market for them. This paragraph sums up most of it.
         | 
         | > "Purdue admitted that it marketed and sold its dangerous
         | opioid products to healthcare providers, even though it had
         | reason to believe those providers were diverting them to
         | abusers," said Rachael A. Honig, First Assistant U.S. Attorney
         | for the District of New Jersey. "The company lied to the Drug
         | Enforcement Administration about steps it had taken to prevent
         | such diversion, fraudulently increasing the amount of its
         | products it was permitted to sell. Purdue also paid kickbacks
         | to providers to encourage them to prescribe even more of its
         | products."
         | 
         | Is purdue solely at fault here? Absolutely not. Does it seem
         | that Purdue likely knew what was happening, but put profits
         | above public health? In my opinion, yes.
         | 
         | [1] - https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/opioid-manufacturer-
         | purdue-ph...
        
           | shawndrost wrote:
           | I understand the contents of the link; that judgement prompts
           | my question rather than answering it.
           | 
           | The DOJ found that old Purdue's problem was illgal marketing,
           | kickbacks, etc. I understand that as a legalistic thing.
           | 
           | But as far as human judgement goes: I thought the problem
           | here was opioid addiction, which is continuing to rise in the
           | "new Purdue" regime. We all think old Purdue should not have
           | been doing the illegal stuff. But was the illegal stuff the
           | real problem here? It seems like the "new Purdue" reforms are
           | not affecting the growth of the opioid epidemic.
        
         | vikramkr wrote:
         | That's not the settlement. The settlement is that purdue pays
         | 8+ bn and shuts down, but the sacklers are immune personally.
         | The supreme court threw out that deal saying that the sacklers
         | can't be given immunity as a part of the deal.
        
         | Mistletoe wrote:
         | I mean I have been prescribed opioids many times and I just
         | take them as prescribed and they help the pain of the surgery
         | or whatever. I don't even take the whole bottle. What will
         | replace the opioids if we don't allow them to be prescribed?
        
           | michael_vo wrote:
           | Could you have recovered without pain killers? Or maybe used
           | a pain killer that is much weaker that doesn't kill all the
           | pain but is much safer like marijuana?
           | 
           | Are there scientific studies that shows that opioids help
           | patients recover quicker?
        
             | suslik wrote:
             | Why is this question important? The primary purpose of pain
             | medication is not to facilitate recovery, but to reduce
             | suffering and increase quality of life.
        
               | michael_vo wrote:
               | Exactly! Opioids increase suffering and ruin the quality
               | of life for hundreds of thousands of Americans. 80k+
               | yearly overdose deaths, plus a percentage of those using
               | opioids for recovery become addicted to it.
               | 
               | Is that a worthy tradeoff? I presume (could be wrong) but
               | we did fine recovering with surgical operations 80 years
               | ago without opioids.
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | Most countries do without them now and have always done
               | without them except in special cases such as palliative
               | cures. You get opioids during recovery in the hospital,
               | but not once you're discharged. You might get codeine
               | rarely, but that's it.
        
               | philipkglass wrote:
               | Morphine was commonly administered for post-surgical pain
               | 100 years ago:
               | 
               | "The after-treatment of surgical patients, by Willard
               | Bartlett and collaborators." (1925)
               | 
               | https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071056918
               | &se...
               | 
               |  _One of the first complaints made by the postoperative
               | patient on returning to consciousness is pain. This if
               | due to the actual operative procedure should be at once
               | relieved. William J. Mayo taught us long ago to give
               | morphine during the first twenty-four hours for the pain
               | which we make; viz., by cutting, retracting, suturing,
               | etc. The discomfort caused by such procedures is relieved
               | best by this drug and it is given by us if there be no
               | contraindications for its use, regardless of the amount
               | until full relief is experienced or its physiologic
               | effects obtained._
        
           | tcmart14 wrote:
           | I don't think it s a black or white on opioids. But more of a
           | being honest in the marketing and recommended dosages. For
           | instance, Morphine is an opioid that often gets used in end-
           | of-life care, this is a 90 year old on hospice actively dying
           | from terminal cancer, so morphine to ease the suffering. No
           | reason to not give them opioids. However, before the opioid
           | crisis became a known crisis, my dad who is a disabled vet
           | would get like 300 pills mailed to him a month, at the time
           | to be indefinite, from the VA. This was when marketing was
           | telling everyone percocet and vicoden were safe and non-
           | addictive.
           | 
           | These heavy hitters do have a purpose. But it should as
           | narrow as necessary.
        
           | bonzini wrote:
           | Ibuprofen, paracetamol, rest?
           | 
           | From
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/27/opinion/sunday/surgery-
           | ge...: if you "no longer feel the pain you will no longer
           | know what your body is telling you. You might overexert
           | yourself because you are no longer feeling the pain signals".
        
           | shawndrost wrote:
           | I understand two answers to your question:
           | 
           | 1. Nothing will replace the opioids, but we should make most
           | routine use illegal anyway, because the usage you described
           | causes addiction, abuse, and death in some cases, which
           | overrules your QOL improvements.
           | 
           | 2. Nothing could replace the opioids, so we should keep the
           | status quo. The addiction, abuse, and death are a relatively
           | minor downside to an important bundle of benefits. The
           | Sacklers marketed them illegally, but we've course-corrected
           | as best as possible, and the new status quo is uncomfortable
           | but OK.
           | 
           | These are, I think, the first two buckets of people I listed.
           | I understand them both. I think you're in the second camp.
           | I'm in the first. But I think most commenters here are in
           | neither camp???
        
         | doublet00th wrote:
         | I think there's a misunderstanding in what the settlement is
         | about. As part of Purdue's bankruptcy, the Sackler family is
         | voluntarily providing 6 billion dollars to help settle claims
         | opioid victims have brought against Purdue Pharma.
         | 
         | As a condition to provide the 6 billion dollars, the Sackler
         | family has asked the bankruptcy judge to not even allow any new
         | suits against the Sacklers related to the Opioid epidemic. This
         | is something bankruptcy courts do regular for the company
         | Purdue Pharma, but it is irregular when it comes to the Sackler
         | family (this is not the entity going bankrupt!)
         | 
         | This is the issue that went up to the Supreme Court, and the
         | Supreme Court ruled that the protection given to the Sackler
         | family is not something that can be given by a bankruptcy judge
         | during the bankruptcy of Purdue Pharma.
         | 
         | Matt Levine has a much better explanation here:
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2024-06-27/purdue...
        
           | brookst wrote:
           | +1 for Levine's explanation. As usual he is insightful, great
           | at communicating a complex topic, and just _fun_ to read.
        
           | monetus wrote:
           | https://archive.ph/Co2A1
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | To try to illustrate the (bad) principle with a starker
           | hypothetical:
           | 
           | 1. Scrooge McDuck owns a thousand different corporations that
           | are restaurants and eateries.
           | 
           | 2. One single small taco-stand company is in bankruptcy
           | court, after recklessly inflicting severe food-poisoning on a
           | dozen customers.
           | 
           | 3. Scrooge McDuck says: "Out of the goodness of my heart, I
           | will _charitably_ donate $X of my _personal_ funds to help
           | these poor unfortunates... _If_ you give me personal immunity
           | to _any_ lawsuits involving recent food-poisoning problems
           | anywhere. "
           | 
           | 4. The dozen hospitalized taco-eaters are puzzled but OK with
           | this, since they'll at least get something. The judge shrugs
           | and things move forward.
           | 
           | 5. Meanwhile a million other customers of other restaurants
           | see the news on their phones, which they have out because
           | they're stuck on their toilets with raging diarrhea.
           | 
           | 6. They are justifiably outraged that _their_ rights to seek
           | justice /compensation have been (partly) signed-away in the
           | bankruptcy of some unrelated tiny taco stand case that they
           | didn't--couldn't--participate in.
        
           | shawndrost wrote:
           | My question is not about the settlement; it's a question
           | about moral judgements people have around Sacklers/Purdue,
           | including judgements I see on this comment page. I already
           | understand the mechanical details you've explained and they
           | don't answer my question.
        
             | doctorpangloss wrote:
             | > Do you think there is/was a realistic way to prescribe
             | opioids routinely and safely?
             | 
             | Oxycodone is routinely and safely administered right now,
             | to tens of thousands of people, every day. But this is kind
             | of like, an FDA question, no?
        
               | EncomLab wrote:
               | Which is why going after the Sackler's is about politics
               | and not about the law.
        
               | jewayne wrote:
               | Or maybe it's about the horrible crimes against humanity
               | committed by the Sacklers?
        
         | feoren wrote:
         | Loaning money at 8% interest to informed parties is OK. Loaning
         | money at 200% interest to vulnerable people is usury and should
         | be illegal. Where in the middle is the right line to draw,
         | legally? Does the intent of the lender matter? Does it matter
         | if the lender is intentionally trying to keep people uninformed
         | and vulnerable? These are hard questions, but that doesn't
         | change the basic facts at the extreme ends of the spectrum.
         | 
         | Clearly the Sacklers' behavior was in the realm of exploiting
         | vulnerable people as much as possible in order to create a
         | cycle of dependence. I think they're villains who destroyed
         | lives. I don't think that means no pharmaceutical companies
         | should be allowed to sell opioids, or that Purdue should be
         | shut down for that reason. Clearly giving birthing women access
         | to epidurals (fentanyl!) is OK. Clearly bribing doctors to
         | over-prescribe addictive opioids to vulnerable people is
         | villainous and should be illegal. It's a hard problem to find
         | the exact right line in the middle, but it's a problem worth
         | attempting. Obviously it involves a lot of regulatory
         | oversight.
        
           | thegrimmest wrote:
           | > _Loaning money at 200% interest to vulnerable people is
           | usury and should be illegal_
           | 
           | Stop with the patronizing. Any transaction between consenting
           | parties (backed by bankruptcy protection) should be allowed.
           | We're all grown ups, let people make their own decisions.
           | 
           | Setting upper limits on interest rates simply makes it so
           | that high-risk borrowers are unable to access credit. This
           | harms _those borrowers_ more than anyone else, by limiting
           | their opportunities.
           | 
           | Regarding the Sacklers, they never prescribed any drugs to
           | anyone. Doctors did. Why aren't we holding them responsible?
           | It is doctors who have a duty of care to their patients, not
           | pharmaceutical companies.
        
           | shawndrost wrote:
           | I like this analogy. How does it apply to the status quo of
           | opioids? What rate of interest is the present-day Purdue
           | business charging? This year I was prescribed 30 days of
           | opioids for post-vasectomy use and guided to expect low-grade
           | pain for 1-2 days. Is this like 8% interest or 200%? Does
           | anyone here feel like they know the answers to these
           | questions?
           | 
           | It seems to me like the emergent answer I get is that the old
           | Purdue was charging 200% interest and the new Purdue is
           | charging 8%. But why does anyone think that? It seems like
           | the core doom loop (dumb opioid scrips -> addiction ->
           | fentanyl) is still in place, from what I can tell.
        
         | glitch13 wrote:
         | The ruling was only about whether or not a bankruptcy court has
         | the legal authority to declare that the individual members of
         | the Sackler family are immune to being sued directly, which is
         | an agreed-upon condition of the bankruptcy settlement. SCOTUS
         | ruled that it did not, so the settlement as it stands is dead.
         | 
         | Purdue is not going to be operating in any capacity regardless
         | of this ruling (except as a bank account holding the settlement
         | funds).
        
         | wesselbindt wrote:
         | The only way is if it is done without a profit driven system
         | incentivizing their overprescription. But this requires a
         | gigantic systemic overhaul of healthcare to a nationalized
         | system. And there seems to be a lot of peer reviewed evidence
         | in favor of such a system, and there seems to be broad popular
         | support for such a system. Yet we never manage to get there.
         | It's almost like there's a group of people who simultaneously
         | benefit from its existence and have the capital to influence
         | legislation in their favor. Feels almost undemocratic.
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | 1) I don't think this is an accurate read of the situation but
         | others discuss that
         | 
         | 2) a company is a set of processes and infrastructure, with
         | some legal rights to employ people etc. The decisions of a
         | driver of a car are the drivers fault not the cars. The car
         | itself may be unsafe and should be adjusted if it's possible.
         | But there is no point in destroying the car if it has utility
         | with different drivers and safety. Revenge isn't a good reason
         | to dismantle infrastructure. Revenge can only be taken on
         | humans.
         | 
         | 3) yes if you know people with chronic pain opioids are the
         | difference between a full life and an early suicide. The
         | consequence of all this is all opioid use is treated as
         | potentially criminal by everyone involved from pharmacies to
         | doctors to patients. This isn't a feature this is a flaw. And
         | the lack of legal opioid access is leading chronic sufferers
         | into fentanyl from the street.
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | > I don't understand people who think the Sacklers are villains
         | who destroyed lives, but Purdue should continue operating more-
         | or-less as-is. Which is, I think, the conclusion from this
         | settlement. If this is you, can you help me understand? Do you
         | think there is/was a realistic way to prescribe opioids
         | routinely and safely?
         | 
         | This is an extremely easy answer that doesn't require any
         | details of the case.
         | 
         | The supreme court clarifies what the law is, not if the
         | Sacklers are villains and if Purdue should continue.
         | 
         | So the people who think the the Sacklers are Villains and that
         | Pursue should continue are people who believe the settlement is
         | not legal and dont believe in legislating from the bench.
        
         | darawk wrote:
         | Yes of course there are realistic ways to prescribe opioids
         | routine and safely. Purdue did not invent opioids, what they
         | did is patent a particularly strong formulation, and then work
         | to undermine the cultural taboo in medicine around their use.
         | That last thing was their crime.
         | 
         | There isn't, at this time, any other way to treat serious pain
         | (in all cases). Opioid prescriptions will continue to be an
         | unfortunately necessary feature of our medical system until we
         | invent painkillers strong/good enough to replace them. I say
         | this as someone who was personally addicted to opioids in
         | general and Oxycontin in particular and feel very lucky to have
         | only one dead friend as a result.
         | 
         | Opioids can't be banned until we can replace them with
         | something equally generally effective. But what we should do is
         | reinstate the taboo around prescribing them, and probably stop
         | offering take home fentanyl prescriptions at all (it's still
         | useful for anaesthesia, in hospitals). Perhaps more
         | importantly, I think the cat is kind of out of the bag on
         | prescriptions. I haven't been around that world for a long
         | time, but it seems to me like pharmaceuticals aren't the
         | primary entrypoint to opioid addiction anymore - people just
         | start with fentanyl.
         | 
         | Dealing with fentanyl seems to me to be basically impossible.
         | One kilogram of pure fentanyl is ~2,000,000 doses, for someone
         | without a tolerance. This is impossible to interdict at the
         | border. It is also fully synthetic, with no great choke point
         | on synthesis routes. I have heard that there are other, even
         | more dangerous, compounds like
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etonitazene that are also even
         | easier to synthesize. I don't really know if there is a good
         | way out of this other than doing the slightly less impossible
         | thing, which is curing addiction.
        
           | thegrimmest wrote:
           | > _That last thing was their crime_
           | 
           | Taboos are bullshit. Either something is a clearly
           | articulated, written, rule with an enforcement mechanism, or
           | it's fair game.
           | 
           |  _Prescribing doctors_ are responsible for the opioid
           | epidemic. _Doctors_ failed in their duty of care to patients.
           | _Doctors_ massively overprescribed, failed to track their
           | patient 's medication usage, and failed to spot addictive
           | behaviour. Why aren't we holding them responsible? Simply
           | because that's hard to do?
        
             | doctorpangloss wrote:
             | Nobody is forcing you to see any doctors for any of your
             | problems.
             | 
             | That's pretty reductive, right? Well so is what you are
             | saying.
        
             | worik wrote:
             | > Either something is a clearly articulated, written, rule
             | with an enforcement mechanism, or it's fair game.
             | 
             | No. There are many legal and bad things.
             | 
             | Laws are a boundary, that few of us need.
             | 
             | Laws are not a target
        
               | thegrimmest wrote:
               | I would argue that fiduciary responsibility mandates that
               | corporate leaders do everything right up to the legal
               | boundary in pursuit of their shareholders interests. In
               | fact profitably violating regulations would also be the
               | right thing to do in this case. Certainly most
               | shareholders seem to appoint executives that do exactly
               | that.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | Taboos are not simply undesirable things, they are rules
               | which carry severe penalties if you break them. The
               | difference is that rather than going through the effort
               | of getting society on the same page and agreeing what is
               | okay and what isn't, you instead leave ambiguity that
               | harms the well meaning and benefits the malicious. If
               | something is bad enough that it should be banned by an
               | unwritten rule, it's bad enough to be banned by a written
               | rule. If you aren't willing to ban something by law, then
               | it ought to be permissible.
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | Purdue aggressively marketed OxyContin as having a very
             | small rate of addiction to doctors who weren't pain
             | specialists and thus had little experience with controlled
             | medications, while providing a dosing regime that was
             | almost designed to cause addiction. (It's sole advantage
             | was as a timed-release medication; if pain returned before
             | time for the next dose, doctors were instructed (strongly)
             | to raise the dosage rather than increase the number of
             | doses per day.)
             | 
             | "The Promotion and Marketing of OxyContin: Commercial
             | Triumph, Public Health Tragedy"
             | (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2622774/)
             | 
             | "The Family That Built an Empire of Pain"
             | (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/10/30/the-family-
             | tha...)
        
               | thegrimmest wrote:
               | Blindly listening to a company trying to sell you
               | something has never been a good idea. Doctors doing just
               | that despite the clear, obvious, conflict of interest is
               | their failure, not Purdue's.
               | 
               | Thinking that an individual or organization with a vested
               | interest will not bullshit you at every turn is absurdly
               | naive. This is why third-party testing, accreditation,
               | certification, and audits are a thing.
               | 
               | > _doctors who weren 't pain specialists_
               | 
               | Then they should have insisted on third party, board
               | approved, usage guidelines; especially when it became
               | obvious that OxyContin is _highly addictive_. It doesn 't
               | take that long. Doctors have not however been held
               | responsible for their abject failure towards their
               | patients, and continue to prescribe a month's worth of
               | Oxy for minor issues. This will continue until doctors
               | start losing their licenses.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | > . (It's sole advantage was as a timed-release
               | medication; if pain returned before time for the next
               | dose, doctors were instructed (strongly) to raise the
               | dosage rather than increase the number of doses per day.)
               | 
               | The same thing happens with ADHD medications, the timed
               | release dosages are supposed to last 12+ hours, but in
               | reality they vary from 8 to 16.
               | 
               | Thankfully most doctors will willingly prescribe a small
               | after lunch short acting dose.
               | 
               | There is a large delta between the average response curve
               | and an individual's response curve!
        
             | darawk wrote:
             | > Prescribing doctors are responsible for the opioid
             | epidemic. Doctors failed in their duty of care to patients.
             | Doctors failed to track their patient's medication usage,
             | and failed to spot addictive behaviour. Why aren't we
             | holding them responsible? Simply because that's hard to do?
             | 
             | This is a nice idea, but most Oxycontin is not prescribed
             | by someone's doctor (it is prescribed by _a_ doctor, but it
             | is power-law distributed, most of it is sold by dealers).
             | There are a small number of doctors in the country at any
             | given time that prescribe almost all of the supply. This is
             | not something you can readily fix with responsibility at
             | the doctor level. It may seem like you can, because you
             | could just prosecute  "those doctors", but the problem is
             | that the incentives are too concentrated.
             | 
             | That isn't to _absolve_ these individuals of
             | responsibility. They are responsible, and we should
             | prosecute them legally. The problem is that we already do
             | and always have. We should keep doing it, but I don 't
             | expect it to fix anything.
             | 
             | EDIT: To be clear I'm not necessarily for or against this
             | settlement. There was a time that we might have stopped the
             | opioid crisis at the corporate or pharmaceutical level, but
             | that time has long since past. We could criminalize all
             | opioids tomorrow and it would make almost no difference.
             | Most opioid addicts use fentanyl now, and most fentanyl is
             | produced/sold illegally. Heroin, for instance, has been
             | Schedule I forever - the only thing that reduced its
             | popularity was a cheaper substitute in fentanyl.
             | 
             | If we are going to bother prosecuting or civilly charging
             | Purdue or its principals, it would have to be for purely
             | punitive reasons. Corporate behavior unfortunately does not
             | matter anymore.
        
               | thegrimmest wrote:
               | The on-ramp from minor pain or surgery; to a massive,
               | blindly-renewed, over-prescription of Oxy; to an opioid
               | addiction that spirals into street drugs is still
               | mediated by doctors. Until these doctors start losing
               | their licenses for their clear and obvious breaches in
               | their duty of care, this on-ramp will remain open.
               | 
               | > _a small number of doctors in the country at any given
               | time that prescribe almost all of the supply_
               | 
               | The fact that medical boards allow these doctors to
               | retain their licenses is the core of the issue.
               | 
               | > _we already do and always have_
               | 
               | I am only aware of a handful of the most obvious,
               | blatant, and egregious pill mill operators being
               | prosecuted. Regular doctors who simply cannot be fucked
               | to care for their patients, and prescribe them pills so
               | they leave their office, have yet to be held accountable.
        
           | shawndrost wrote:
           | Thank you for the reply! I am honestly not informed about
           | this stuff and not asking to covertly push an agenda.
           | 
           | Follow-up Q for you. What is the realistic way to prescribe
           | opioids routinely and safely? Are there certain formulations
           | that have been or should be removed from the market? How do
           | we reinstate the taboo on prescribing them?
           | 
           | For EG: I got a vasectomy recently and was told to expect a
           | day or two of pain. I was prescribed a month's supply of
           | opioids without a single comment from the doctor on their
           | addictive nature. My understanding is that this is how people
           | get introduced to opioids; the pathway goes "legal scrip ->
           | addiction -> illegal supply -> fentanyl -> death" and that's
           | the engine of the epidemic.
           | 
           | Should it be legal for the doctor to prescribe pain meds like
           | this? (Or, should it be legal but discouraged? Is there a
           | well-understood way to do this?) If it should be legal,
           | should we expect the epidemic to continue? And if so, is
           | post-bankruptcy Purdue a good thing or a bad thing?
           | 
           | (My instinctive answers here are that we should make opioids
           | illegal for much of their current use pattern, and that post-
           | bankruptcy Purdue is approximately as gross as Sackler-era
           | Purdue, for what it's worth.)
        
             | doctorpangloss wrote:
             | > I was prescribed a month's supply of opioids without a
             | single comment from the doctor on their addictive nature.
             | 
             | Is this really what the question was about? Reflections on
             | a personal experience? Those are perfectly valid concerns.
             | Nobody is stopping you from asking any of the professionals
             | you interacted with about addiction, if you are worried, go
             | and ask!
        
               | shawndrost wrote:
               | No, my question is about how people judge our opioid
               | status quo: a medical system that prescribes addictive
               | opioids for routine and low-grade pain.
        
               | doctorpangloss wrote:
               | I just wonder why random people would know better about
               | this than your highly educated providers. Go ahead and
               | ask. You can say those exact words. They will give better
               | answers!
               | 
               | If you want a poll, this court case was a poll. A
               | majority of victims who had ample time to participate in
               | litigation agreed to the settlement terms. They told you
               | that addiction is bad, the new Purdue would help, and
               | that money from its owners was sufficient justice. That
               | some agitator basically played the Yogg-Sauron of this
               | meta, the Supreme Court, and cast 5 fireballs against his
               | opponent versus 4 fireballs on himself, isn't super
               | material to the seeming success of the hard political
               | work of this bankruptcy judge.
        
               | jacobgkau wrote:
               | > I just wonder why random people would know better about
               | this than your highly educated providers. Go ahead and
               | ask. You can say those exact words. They will give better
               | answers!
               | 
               | Are you sure they'll give "better answers" when they're
               | the ones prescribing like that?
        
               | shawndrost wrote:
               | My question is specifically about the judgements that
               | uninvolved people have formed. I can't learn about this
               | from my doctor, or from the victims' decision in the
               | context of a highly-constrained kabuki dance.
               | 
               | It seems most commenters here are fine with a settlement
               | that clears Purdue to sell opioids (for the benefit of
               | victims), but not with a settlement that lets the
               | Sacklers off with a fine. That is exactly the opposite of
               | my moral intuitions. What gives?
               | 
               | Some questions are message board questions.
        
               | ninetyninenine wrote:
               | its easier to ask random people from home then go to a
               | provider when I have no such problem or need to
               | physically introduce myself to a highly educated
               | provider. it's like a google search.
               | 
               | What I wonder is why someone like you wouldn't know this?
        
             | darawk wrote:
             | np,
             | 
             | > Follow-up Q for you. What is the realistic way to
             | prescribe opioids routinely and safely?
             | 
             | The simple answer is "less and with better monitoring". The
             | first half of that was the equilibrium that Purdue
             | intentionally shifted in the medical establishment. The
             | cascading effects of that are what caused the modern day
             | opioid crisis. Unfortunately, the modern-day opioid crisis
             | as I understand it is mostly no longer related to
             | pharmaceutical availability. So, while we should improve
             | and lock down that supply chain route, unfortunately I
             | don't expect it to make a large dent in the overall
             | problem.
             | 
             | > Are there certain formulations that have been or should
             | be removed from the market?
             | 
             | Take-home fentanyl is probably unnecessary, but again, I
             | wouldn't really expect this to be a silver bullet. The
             | DEA/FDA has gotten much tighter on their prescribing rules
             | for powerful opioids, but their doing so has largely
             | coincided with the expansion of the illegal heroin, and
             | then fentanyl markets. It is now too late to fix by choking
             | off supply, because the market has mostly moved outside of
             | the regulatory regime (though we should still do that, to
             | the extent we can).
             | 
             | > How do we reinstate the taboo on prescribing them?
             | 
             | These answers keep getting worse but we largely already
             | have. We could probably do more, but if you are an MD and
             | you are not "opioids are dangerous actually"-pilled, I
             | think you need to go back to medical school. There was a
             | short period in the mid 2000s where doctors were convinced
             | otherwise by Purdue among others. Doctors who "think
             | otherwise" today are almost without exception just outright
             | criminals.
             | 
             | > For EG: I got a vasectomy recently and was told to expect
             | a day or two of pain. I was prescribed a month's supply of
             | opioids without a single comment from the doctor on their
             | addictive nature. My understanding is that this is how
             | people get introduced to opioids; the pathway goes "legal
             | scrip -> addiction -> illegal supply -> fentanyl -> death"
             | and that's the engine of the epidemic.
             | 
             | Overprescription like that (which that definitely is) is
             | bad and unfortunately common. It's hard to say exactly how
             | much addiction is caused by that variety, though. Most
             | serious opioid addictions that I am aware of didn't get
             | that way from a one time moderate overprescription of
             | things like Vicodin or Percocet. It is possible to get
             | "mildly" addicted from a month's supply of that and when
             | you run out you might have a slightly unpleasant day or
             | two, but not worse than that. If the illicit market wasn't
             | there, that 30 day supply would be the end of any binge,
             | and that would be "mostly fine", as such. That is not an
             | endorsement or to say that it is at all a safe thing to do,
             | but the risk comes primarily from not wanting to quit when
             | you run out, and having other options available.
             | 
             | Two things changed with the introduction of Oxycontin:
             | 
             | 1. It started being prescribed for chronic, not acute pain.
             | This meant that people had permanent, ongoing prescriptions
             | for them. Which meant that people built up a very large
             | tolerance, which led to..
             | 
             | 2. Oxycontin is pure oxycodone, it is not formulated with
             | an NSAID (like Percocet is). The presence of an NSAID
             | limits the amount you can take before you get sick, and
             | prevents you from (straightforwardly) consuming it via non-
             | oral routes of administration, which is exponentially more
             | addictive.
             | 
             | > Should it be legal for the doctor to prescribe pain meds
             | like this? (Or, should it be legal but discouraged? Is
             | there a well-understood way to do this?) If it should be
             | legal, should we expect the epidemic to continue? And if
             | so, is post-bankruptcy Purdue a good thing or a bad thing?
             | 
             | Legal but discouraged, definitely. They are an important
             | tool in the treatment of acute pain. They can, more rarely,
             | be an important tool in the treatment of chronic pain
             | (cancer / chemotherapy being a good example of a
             | sufficiently serious condition). And finally, they are
             | absolutely worthwhile for palliative care. For these
             | reasons and what is now the magnitude of the illicit
             | market, I don't think there is a lot of value in a total
             | restriction.
        
           | worik wrote:
           | > Opioids can't be banned until we can replace them with
           | something equally generally effective.
           | 
           | Opioids should not be banned
           | 
           | Opioid addiction (I have seen a lot of it, not had it) is a
           | social problem and is best managed with, opioids
           | 
           | The problems stem from putting unreasonable obstacles between
           | adicts amd their appropriate treatment. Practical legal and
           | financial obstacles, sadistic legal obstacles, and bizarre
           | moral obstacles
           | 
           | Great Britain for many y4ars managed Opioid addiction with
           | opioids, principally methadone and heroin
           | 
           | Nineteenth century society managed it with laudinum
           | 
           | We westerners in the twenty first century are failing to
           | manage it with cruelty
           | 
           | The Sacklers are, were, parasites profiting from that social
           | malaise and bad things will finally happen to them. But the
           | cause of the malaise is our irrational attitude to drugs
        
             | darawk wrote:
             | > Opioid addiction (I have seen a lot of it, not had it) is
             | a social problem and is best managed with, opioids
             | 
             | I don't entirely disagree with you, but I have also seen
             | enough people stop, who probably wouldn't have if that were
             | the typical treatment, to be pretty cautious about that.
             | There are a number of promising addiction treatments in the
             | wings at the moment, in particular Ozempic and the general
             | GLP-1 agonist class.
             | 
             | Transitional opioids like Buprenorphine are fine as a detox
             | strategy, and maybe even fine for the medium term, but
             | committing to them for life I think is a mistake (in most
             | cases).
             | 
             | > The problems stem from putting unreasonable obstacles
             | between adicts amd their appropriate treatment. Practical
             | legal and financial obstacles, sadistic legal obstacles,
             | and bizarre moral obstacles
             | 
             | There is a lot of truth to this. It is, in fact, what I
             | used to say when I used them. And it is and remains true.
             | It is also true that prolonged opioid use is _mostly_
             | physiologically harmless (overdoses notwithstanding).
             | However, there are psychological elements that come with
             | long term use that these measures do not capture, and are
             | not fully internalized by the transaction costs (or literal
             | costs) associated with obtaining them.
             | 
             | > Nineteenth century society managed it with laudinum
             | 
             | Ask China why they fought that opium war, and how they feel
             | about such things lately. They are still mad about it.
             | 
             | > The Sacklers are, were, parasites profiting from that
             | social malaise and bad things will finally happen to them.
             | But the cause of the malaise is our irrational attitude to
             | drugs
             | 
             | Agree on the Sacklers although personally I'd place more
             | blame on the McKinsey consultants that wrote the original
             | deck that proposed the strategy. I don't know how much the
             | Sackler individuals personally made these decisions, but
             | those people certainly did.
             | 
             | Re: irrational attitudes to drugs, I agree, but the
             | situation is substantially more nuanced than it might
             | superficially appear. Laudanum did used to be over the
             | counter, as did cocaine among other things. However, these
             | things were not criminalized for no reason - heroin wasn't
             | criminalized in the 60s/70s anti-hippie craze, or for
             | racist reasons in the 1930s (like marijuana).
             | 
             | Heroin was first criminalized for over the counter sale in
             | 1910 - 15 years after Bayer first marketed it. Easily the
             | fastest criminalization of a novel pharmaceutical compound
             | in the history of the world. This is not an accident or a
             | product of some temporary social hysteria. And
             | unfortunately, it was also not criminalized because all of
             | its harms were due to its being illegal.
             | 
             | If criminality were the problem we would expect things to
             | get better, not worse, with the introduction of fentanyl
             | which is far cheaper and more readily available. I could be
             | misreading the data, but that does not seem to be working
             | out.
        
         | ninetyninenine wrote:
         | Here's a way to help you understand. Let's say I gave you 1
         | million dollars to help you understand. Then would you
         | understand? That's likely how other people started
         | understanding the situation. Something along those lines.
         | Something this obviously wrong, some sort of coercion or
         | bribery or some other shady thing has got to be a part of it.
        
       | janalsncm wrote:
       | Pound for pound, the Sacklers probably did more damage to America
       | than any other drug dealers in history. More damage than any
       | serial killer or mass shooter. In my mind they should be
       | considered public enemies 1 through N. I sincerely hope they face
       | civil and criminal liabilities for what they've done.
        
         | janice1999 wrote:
         | You're really underselling it if anything. Over a million
         | Americans have died so far in the opioid epidemic. That more
         | than any of their wars, including their civil war.
        
         | austin-cheney wrote:
         | Maybe, but its more common than this one example and more than
         | what most people can stomach. The real problem is these people
         | are sociopaths, and the next set of sociopaths will do it
         | again. They don't care who they hurt because they lack empathy
         | and if killing people drives up profits then so be it.
         | 
         | If you really want to show concern or right a wrong then find a
         | way to better criminalize violations of accepted ethical norms.
         | The best way to punish sociopaths is to take all their assets,
         | embarrass them in public, and permanently bar them from
         | practicing in the same industry. For example if a lawyer is
         | disbarred they do not get a second chance.
        
         | addicted wrote:
         | I'd argue it's the opposite.
         | 
         | Look at what's happened since Oxycontin was heavily regulated.
         | 
         | Opioid deaths in America have exploded by an order of
         | magnitude.
         | 
         | There's a direct correlation between higher regulation of
         | OxyContin and opioid deaths in the U.S.
         | 
         | The Sacklers have done illegal stuff. Misrepresenting the
         | addictiveness of their drugs (well, it was immoral and
         | wrong...it's not clear how illegal it was).
         | 
         | But it's quite clear that America had a parallel opioid crisis
         | going on. By making OxyContin easily available, ie, a slow
         | acting opioid (it had to be crushed to be fast acting) that was
         | produced legitimately and had a legitimate supply chain so
         | people were able to get exactly what they wanted, Purdue Pharma
         | helped keep the number of opioid deaths under control.
         | 
         | IOW, the U.S. has had an addiction crisis that is independent
         | of prescription drugs whose cause is not clear yet because
         | everyone has thrown the blame on Oxy instead of researching it.
         | This is the same kind of drug crisis that hit inner cities in
         | the 20th century but has hit rural areas in the 21st century.
         | By providing easy access to regulated and legitimate opioids
         | the Sacklers may have marginally worsened the addiction crisis,
         | but they minimized the number of deaths and severe negative
         | impacts.
         | 
         | The moment Oxy and the other opioids were made less easy to
         | get, the underlying drug crisis hadn't gone anywhere, so
         | instead the people suffering from the crisis had to get their
         | opioids from illicit sources as opposed to the pharmacy,
         | exposing them to all sorts of unregulated drugs that had all
         | sorts of nonsense like Fenranyl mixed in, which causes the
         | actual negative impacts of the drug crisis to explode.
         | 
         | The funny thing is that when the entire country was just
         | absolutely united at making the Sacklers the big bad evil, the
         | actual people working on the ground trying to help those who
         | were facing this drug crisis were predicting this exact
         | situation and were asking authorities to not clamp down on Oxy.
         | But they were all ignored and so we have a situation where
         | opioid OD deaths have gone from a consistent 10-15,000/year (a
         | rate which preceded Oxy) to about 50,000/yr now.
        
           | api wrote:
           | Wasn't Oxycontin kind of the boot loader for the present
           | opioid crisis in that it mainstreamed opioid use and got a
           | huge number of people introduced to it?
           | 
           | Then it was taken away and things like illicit fentanyl
           | filled the gap, but that came later.
        
           | Voloskaya wrote:
           | Sure, OxyContin is better than Fentanyl, and banning Oxy can
           | push people to way more dangerous opioids. But before
           | painting Purdue as a hero of the people, let's remember that
           | million of people were pushed to opioids through Oxy when
           | they shouldn't have in the first place. Purdue played a big
           | part in creating the epidemic in the first place. People that
           | are now pushed to harder drugs because of an addiction they
           | got into for the sake of Purdue making more dough.
        
             | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
             | It's the same shit practically all the way back to opium
             | wars.
             | 
             | Always the drug dealers fault.
             | 
             | I blame the patient. We've known opiates were bad since at
             | least the 1800s, and really longer than that. What the doc
             | said was just what they needed to hear to lie to
             | themselves, but this is taught in every highschool.
        
               | voisin wrote:
               | > We've known opiates were bad since at least the 1800s,
               | and really longer than that. What the doc said was just
               | what they needed to hear to lie to themselves, but this
               | is taught in every highschool.
               | 
               | I am not sure high schools are teaching people to be
               | distrustful of their doctor's advice. I think what's
               | being taught is about the dangers of illicit drugs, not
               | those with a medical expert's stamp of approval.
        
               | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
               | On the plus side between oxy and COVID distrust is now at
               | all time highs.
               | 
               | People have learned you can't trust the doc anymore than
               | a quik-lube mecanico.
        
               | tonyarkles wrote:
               | > but this is taught in every high school
               | 
               | Here's the thing about what they teach you about drugs in
               | high school: lots of it is bullshit. I don't know if it's
               | still a thing but when I was in school there was a lot of
               | pearl clutching about weed being a Gateway Drug. For a
               | lot of people who smoked weed and didn't progress towards
               | any harder drugs, weed was a prime example of how drug
               | education was a sham. No one went crazy, none of the weed
               | horror stories came true, everyone enjoyed the concert
               | and woke up the next morning feeling better than if
               | they'd been drinking alcohol the night before.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | > I blame the patient. We've known opiates were bad since
               | at least the 1800s, and really longer than that.
               | 
               | As a reminder, Oxy was _heavily_ marketed, (to doctors!)
               | as a  "not bad" opioid. As in, not as addictive, not as
               | problematic, and something that can be prescribed more
               | easily and with less worries.
               | 
               | If a doctor comes up and tell you "don't worry about this
               | one, it isn't addictive like the others", and you are in
               | a ton of pain at the time, you are going to thank modern
               | medicine for its new miracle pain drug and accept the
               | prescription.
               | 
               | > but this is taught in every highschool.
               | 
               | And as another reminder, most schools, until recently,
               | just taught that "drugs are bad" and kind of left it at
               | that. They exaggerated some of the down sides, and didn't
               | mention any of the positive experiences.
               | 
               | IMHO South Park actually did the world's best anti pot ad
               | -
               | 
               | "Well, Stan, the truth is marijuana probably isn't gonna
               | make you kill people, and it most likely isn't gonna fund
               | terrorism, but... well, son, pot makes you feel fine with
               | being bored. And it's when you're bored that you should
               | be learning some new skill or discovering some new
               | science or being creative. If you smoke pot you may grow
               | up to find out that you aren't good at anything."
               | 
               | -
               | 
               | And IMHO messages like that are more useful than what
               | kids are being told.
               | 
               | There is also the social contract side of things - Since
               | around 1950s, if people worked hard they things in return
               | from society: A stable job, a house, the opportunity to
               | raise a family. That social contract is shot to shit, and
               | so it should be no surprise that more and more people are
               | choosing to drop out of society via drugs/games/apathy.
        
               | beaeglebeachedd wrote:
               | You didn't learn about the opium wars? I'm not talking
               | about dare which was obvious bullshit, I'm talking of
               | learning from history. There was no weed war, that a drug
               | caused a couple wars lasting decades should at least
               | raise an eyebrow of any thinking person.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | We didn't study the Opium Wars in history at all
               | throughout my education, I learned about those on my own
               | thanks to the Internet. The entire Middle East, our
               | influence in South America, etc, none of that was covered
               | in school, and I went to some pretty good public schools.
               | (E.g. in High School we edited DNA of Bacteria)
               | 
               | For that matter, I think China was only mentioned in
               | passing throughout my entire education. WW1 was also only
               | mentioned very briefly (maybe a couple weeks? Archduke is
               | shot, shit goes down) and then we spent a fair bit of
               | time on WW2, but less than we spent on Ancient Egypt
               | honestly. (I think we spent an entire 2 or 3 months on
               | Ancient Egypt).
               | 
               | We spent a fair amount of time on the Reformation and
               | Renaissance, ancient Greece and Rome, and US history was
               | mostly a ~bullshit~ censored history of the founding of
               | the US. The Washington State history classes went into
               | some history of the local tribes, but failed to mention
               | any of the fun details about how Seattle was founded
               | (prostitution, drinking, Seattle literally poisoning the
               | wells of nearby towns to force them to join Seattle to
               | get access to clean water)
               | 
               | College was better, mostly US history and World History,
               | still nothing about the far east though.
               | 
               | We did an excellent segment on the US Revolution in
               | College, including the funding source behind the
               | revolutionary war, that was very interesting.
               | 
               | Edit: Sex ed was pretty comprehensive, and we ended the
               | quarter by watching Rocky Horror Picture Show, so that
               | was fun. (The Nerd and Goth kids formed a voting block
               | for what movie to watch. :D) I am still surprised they
               | talked about so much about forms of contraceptives that
               | almost no one uses (spermicidal gels and foams), but at
               | least they properly demonstrated how to use a condom, so
               | that was good.
               | 
               | For "don't smoke" the health teacher had lots of pictures
               | of tumors.
               | 
               | Alcohol wasn't really talked about, but honestly in the
               | 90s we didn't know a much about how unhealthy it is as we
               | do now. (Doctors knew it was bad, but just in the last
               | few years research has come out showing that the safe
               | amount of drinking is none)
        
             | RIMR wrote:
             | Exactly. If it wasn't for the existing demand for cheap
             | powerful opioids, Fentanyl would never have been a problem
             | to begin with.
        
           | kidme5 wrote:
           | username "addicted" eh?
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | > But it's quite clear that America had a parallel opioid
           | crisis going on
           | 
           | I don't think that's really the case. What happened here was
           | that peddling oxy, created the excess demand that is now met
           | by illicit sources that cause more deaths now that oxy is
           | regulated. But what you're missing in your understanding is
           | that without oxy, demand wouldn't exist in the first place.
           | And that's the harm everyone is talking about.
           | 
           | You're talking about the aftermath of the problem. Parent is
           | talking about the root cause.
        
           | throwadobe wrote:
           | morally: providing more of something that has no societal
           | good is not commendable.
           | 
           | logically: this argument isn't sound at all. looking at what
           | happened since Oxycontin was regulated is not a proper
           | counterfactual. you would have to look at a universe in which
           | it was never introduced to begin with
        
         | api wrote:
         | Don't forget McKinsey:
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/03/business/mckinsey-opioids...
        
       | farceSpherule wrote:
       | Fraudulent Transfer...
       | 
       | From Reddit...
       | 
       | Piercing the corporate veil would mean disregarding the corporate
       | form entirely. It usually comes up when the owner-manager of a
       | company fails to distinguish the corporation as a separate entity
       | with its own purpose and finances, using the company as a
       | personal piggie bank or otherwise going about life as usual and
       | not going through the motions required of corporations under the
       | law.
       | 
       | What plaintiffs have alleged against the Sacklers is different,
       | and specific to bankruptcy. Perdue is out of money and is
       | bankrupt, mostly because it caused billions of dollars of damages
       | to hundreds of thousands of people and to the states (which now
       | have to clean up the opioid mess). But not that long before it
       | went bankrupt, it was swimming in money. Perdue didn't use those
       | profits to avoid harming people. Nor did it keep the money on
       | hand to pay potential tort claims from the people it was harming.
       | Instead, Perdue's officers and board of directors (that is, the
       | Sacklers) approved dividends of billions of dollars to be paid to
       | the company's shareholders (that is, again, the Sacklers).
       | 
       | The plaintiffs in various lawsuits have alleged that the Sacklers
       | knew that the profits were temporary and the bill would come due,
       | so they purposefully got the money out of the company while the
       | getting was good. More technically: it is alleged that Perdue's
       | owners received assets that were transferred from Purdue with
       | actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud creditors.
       | 
       | One thing you absolutely are not allowed to do is use your
       | company to rack up a bunch of debt or liability, take all the
       | assets out of the company, and then declare bankruptcy and expect
       | to get to keep the money. We call that "fraudulent transfer," and
       | if a court finds that you did fraudulent transfers from your
       | company to your personal bank account you will be ordered to pay
       | that money back to the company (so it can use that money to pay
       | back its creditors and other claimants). The company still
       | exists, it's a distinct legal person (so not technically piercing
       | the veil), you just took the company's money as if it were a
       | profit when you knew full well the company couldn't afford to pay
       | out profits.
       | 
       | One big difference between the concepts is this: If Perdue's
       | corporate veil were pierced, the Sacklers would be personally on
       | the hook for all the harm their company caused -- they could lose
       | their bank accounts, vacation homes, nice cars, artwork,
       | everything, as if they themselves (rather than "Perdue") had been
       | the ones going around knowingly fueling a drug addiction crisis.
       | Whereas if they merely engaged in fraulent transfer of assets,
       | the Sacklers are only on the hook to give back what they
       | fraudulently took from the company during the period it can be
       | proven that they knew of the looming liability -- limited to the
       | statute of limitations, which I think is around 6 years. So all
       | the money they made before that, and all the money they have from
       | non-fraudulent sources, is safe from creditors.
        
       | voisin wrote:
       | It's pretty wild that everyone acknowledges that the Sacklers
       | engaged in a "milking program" going from 15% to 70%
       | distributions after the first lawsuits in order to strip the
       | company of assets and then hide behind the company to shield
       | liability. This alone should allow claimants to pierce the
       | corporate veil and go after the family directly.
        
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