[HN Gopher] Ultra-processed foods need tobacco-style warnings, s...
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       Ultra-processed foods need tobacco-style warnings, says scientist
        
       Author : elsewhen
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2024-06-27 16:08 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | ulrikrasmussen wrote:
       | I am generally against banning things that can harm our bodies
       | and minds, but I think that we need to regulate a lot more
       | aggressively. There is no doubt that ultra-processed foods are
       | unhealthy, and although a bit hyperbole maybe, the relationship
       | between regular and ultra-processed food is analogous to the
       | relationship between coca leaf and crack cocaine. Although both
       | are technically the same substance, the means of delivery makes a
       | huge difference on how immediately gratifying and habit-forming
       | they are.
       | 
       | I think we should make regulation that enforces stronger
       | separation between food and beverages that we consume as part of
       | a healthy diet, and candy and psychoactive substances that we
       | consume for fun. We should acknowledge that a significant and
       | growing fraction of the population are forced to actively fight
       | their inner voices telling them to consume these things whenever
       | they go to a supermarket, which they have to because we all need
       | to eat. Alcohol, tobacco and ultra-processed foods have no place
       | in food stores, but should be confined to dedicated outlets.
        
         | tracker1 wrote:
         | On a similar note, I find it fascinating how many people feel
         | fruit juice smoothies are healthy. I mean, as a small kid, my
         | grandparents would tell me fruit juice should be really
         | limited, like half a cup a few times a week. To people downing
         | 30oz/1L fruit smoothies daily. A lot of times it comes down to
         | dosage.
         | 
         | edit: example, "it's 'natural'," and my typical response, "your
         | liver, pancreas and kidneys don't care."
        
         | br3d wrote:
         | I, too, am nervous of banning things, but we need to take a
         | holistic evidence-based view. As part of this, we should be
         | looking at the hidden subsidies that support UPF manufacturing
         | and enable such products to be, in many cases, wildly cheaper
         | than healthier alternatives
        
       | ideonexus wrote:
       | It's not just the UPFs, we need scientifically-backed truth-in-
       | advertising for all foods. For years I thought I was eating very
       | healthy, but then my blood tests got worse and worse until my
       | doctor wanted to put me on medications. I asked for six more
       | months, and spent that time reading the labels on all the
       | "healthy" foods I was consuming. It was eye-opening. So much
       | added sugar, saturated fat, and simple carbohydrates spiking my
       | blood sugar and driving up my cholesterol. I dumped all the
       | processed foods, went whole-foods, Mediterranean Diet,
       | pescatarian, and blew my doctor's mind when all my tests came
       | back healthy.
       | 
       | We have an epidemic of declining healthspans forcing most of us
       | to spend the last decades of our lives as invalids, surrendering
       | our life-savings to the medical industry after the food industry
       | is done ruining our health for profit. This is not about personal
       | responsibility. This is about a food industry that is lying to us
       | about the health effects of eating their hyper-palatable, hyper-
       | processed foods. Corporations lie to sell us food engineered to
       | make us addicted, render us sick, and then sell us the
       | medications to keep our hearts beating so we can continue to
       | consume.
        
         | nickff wrote:
         | What did your "very healthy" diet consist of? Why did you
         | consider it healthy, and in what specific way were you wrong?
        
           | ideonexus wrote:
           | Just a few examples:
           | 
           | 1. Sugarless Protein Bars: just last week I found one they
           | claimed 30 grams of protein on the front of the package, but
           | hidden in the nutrition facts is that it has four-times the
           | daily recommended saturated fats. These will give you heart
           | disease and are found in the health food section of
           | convenience stores.
           | 
           | 2. Pretty much all advertised "health food" snacks will make
           | you exceed your daily saturated fats and sugar limits. If
           | it's not a food in its purest form, it will have added sugar
           | and fat. How many products slap a "high in fiber" sticker on
           | their package, when in reality they have very little fiber or
           | are selling you that fiber with a huge dose of sugar and fat?
           | 
           | 3. "lean" meats: This one shocked me. Advertised as high in
           | protein, health youtubers promoted it to me all the time, but
           | actually very rich in unhealthy fats and getting more fatty
           | every decade as cows and chickens are bred for more fat.
           | 
           | 4. Rice, Pasta, and other simple carbs: I started monitoring
           | my glucose and these had to go after watching incredible
           | spikes in blood sugar after eating them.
           | 
           | What do I eat now? Whole grains and Legumes daily, leafy
           | greens daily, fresh and frozen fruits, and fish three times a
           | week. My blood sugars are stable, my lipid profile is great,
           | and I'm getting the best sleep of my life as tracked by my
           | fitbit. I look around me at the epidemic of metabolic disease
           | and then I look at how 95% of every grocery store contributes
           | to that and I want to see public policy change on this issue.
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | Try making socca chickpea flour pizzas. So quick to make,
             | so much good stuff (protein, resistant starch, fiber). You
             | can get organic chickpea flour from the bulk bin for cheap
             | too.
        
             | riku_iki wrote:
             | > it has four-times the daily recommended saturated fats.
             | These will give you heart disease
             | 
             | I think this is very debatable and doesn't have clear
             | backing evidence.
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | If your food comes with a label, it's not healthy.
        
             | jay_kyburz wrote:
             | I have some concerns about what our farmers are doing to
             | our fruit and vegetables as well.
        
               | _DeadFred_ wrote:
               | I've posted on here before but I'm concerned with the
               | current 'off label' practice of using glyphosate for crop
               | desiccation (basically spraying it on the crop prior to
               | harvesting to kill it and dry it out sooner) when most
               | studies of glyphosate have been for the standard use to
               | kill weeds much earlier in the process and the lower
               | residual levels the standard use leaves.
        
       | theamk wrote:
       | I just wish there were a good definition of "ultra-processed
       | food", because most of the ones I saw basically equivalent to
       | "I'll tell you when I see it". Like wikipedia [0]:
       | 
       | "An ultra-processed food (UPF) is an industrially formulated
       | edible substance derived from natural food or synthesized from
       | other organic compounds."
       | 
       | But this describes almost any prepared food. For example take an
       | good cheese, something made only with milk and rennet:
       | 
       | "industrially formulated" - check! (surely a cheese industry
       | changed formula at least once in last 200 years);
       | 
       | "edible substance" - check! (very edible, yum-yum)
       | 
       | "derived from natural food or synthesized from other organic
       | compounds." - check! (what isn't)
       | 
       | .. so it's an UPF and should get a warning label?
       | 
       | If they want to start passing the laws related to UPF, I'd like
       | to see a good clear definition first.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-processed_food
        
         | ianburrell wrote:
         | The definition is clear but it produces weird results. And
         | isn't useful for determining harm. The UPF categories with most
         | harm are processed meats and sugary beverages. But some are
         | healthy, like whole grain bread cause of fiber and vitamins.
         | 
         | If sugar is the problem, then fruit juice should also be the
         | problem and processing doesn't matter. Highly processed corn
         | syrup may be worse, but regular sugar is almost as bad. I
         | haven't seen argument that the preservatives and making things
         | on industrial scale is the problem.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | Depends on preservatives. Nitrites/Nitrates used with cured
           | meats seem to be less than ideal... On other hand they also
           | increase food safety...
           | 
           | Which also opens up question of what factors we balance.
           | Removing too many preservatives from food likely will
           | increase waste. Which then have corresponding impact
           | emissions and resources in general...
        
           | esd_g0d wrote:
           | Yeah, to me the whole discussion of "UPF = unhealthy" is
           | based on a romanticization of "natural" that breaks down if
           | you try to make sense of it.
           | 
           | If you use the right words, you can make even cheese and
           | butter sound ultra processed. So the concept of UPF itself is
           | shaky.
           | 
           | Additionally, there is nothing inherent in the "food
           | processing" process that makes the material "unhealthy" --
           | whatever those words mean. So even if we could define UPFs,
           | there wouldn't be an inherent correlation with unhealthiness,
           | as pointed out in the example of fruit juice -- a personal
           | favorite of mine, because the natural crowd loves fruit juice
           | (don't get me wrong, I love it too, but I'm aware it's just
           | candy)
        
         | turtlebits wrote:
         | Personally, my family avoids foods with hydrogenated
         | ingredients, and added phosphates, nitrites or sulfites.
        
         | shrimp_emoji wrote:
         | Yes, the definition is everything except raw meat and raw
         | vegetables.
         | 
         | Also, the health impacts alleged are negligible and will be
         | altered drastically in 5 years.
         | 
         | Ergo, none of this is worth thinking about and is just a
         | busybox for people's death anxiety.
        
       | Tagbert wrote:
       | Can we start with an actual definition of "ultra-processed". I've
       | seen studies that defined any product with more than five
       | ingredients as "ultra-processed" which seems both arbitrary and
       | broad.
       | 
       | Has anyone shown actual harm from these foods or is it more a
       | correlation where people that each ultra-processed have a lot of
       | other factors that contribute to unhealthy outcomes?
        
         | zug_zug wrote:
         | We can, but it's going to be technical. The layman's definition
         | is -- "things we eat that bear little resemblance to the food
         | we have evolved on" but wikipedia says that Nova defines it as:
         | 
         | Industrially manufactured food products made up of several
         | ingredients (formulations) including sugar, oils, fats and salt
         | (generally in combination and in higher amounts than in
         | processed foods) and food substances of no or rare culinary use
         | (such as high-fructose corn syrup, hydrogenated oils, modified
         | starches and protein isolates). Group 1 foods are absent or
         | represent a small proportion of the ingredients in the
         | formulation. Processes enabling the manufacture of ultra-
         | processed foods include industrial techniques such as
         | extrusion, moulding and pre-frying; application of additives
         | including those whose function is to make the final product
         | palatable or hyperpalatable such as flavours, colourants, non-
         | sugar sweeteners and emulsifiers; and sophisticated packaging,
         | usually with synthetic materials. Processes and ingredients
         | here are designed to create highly profitable (low-cost
         | ingredients, long shelf-life, emphatic branding), convenient
         | (ready-to-(h)eat or to drink), tasteful alternatives to all
         | other Nova food groups and to freshly prepared dishes and
         | meals. Ultra-processed foods are operationally distinguishable
         | from processed foods by the presence of food substances of no
         | culinary use (varieties of sugars such as fructose, high-
         | fructose corn syrup, 'fruit juice concentrates', invert sugar,
         | maltodextrin, dextrose and lactose; modified starches; modified
         | oils such as hydrogenated or interesterified oils; and protein
         | sources such as hydrolysed proteins, soya protein isolate,
         | gluten, casein, whey protein and 'mechanically separated meat')
         | or of additives with cosmetic functions (flavours, flavour
         | enhancers, colours, emulsifiers, emulsifying salts, sweeteners,
         | thickeners and anti-foaming, bulking, carbonating, foaming,
         | gelling and glazing agents) in their list of ingredients.[22]
        
           | theteapot wrote:
           | So .. instant noodles are UPF? Please say no. That's
           | basically 50%+ of what I eat (with veggies etc) and I think
           | that's probably true for an entire generation of low income
           | persons across South East Asia these days.
        
             | matthewdgreen wrote:
             | Deep fried instant noodles are extremely bad for you. It's
             | possible to buy baked (non-fried) varieties and the only
             | difference I've noticed is that the cooking time goes up by
             | a few minutes.
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | Noodles don't need to be fried or baked, and I would
               | think that baking them would produce nasty acrylamide in
               | even greater quantities than frying them does unless
               | perhaps the baker is using carefully-controlled low
               | temperatures, which it is unrealistic to assume an
               | economically-motivated producer would do.
               | 
               | But then maybe noodles do need to be fried or baked to
               | have a long shelf life in hot weather when refrigeration
               | is not available? But even in a hot climate, white flour
               | has a long shelf-life, and a person without a
               | refrigerator can make noodles from scratch like the
               | Italians like to do. (The Italians tend to add eggs, but
               | I am guessing grandparent has regular access to eggs.)
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Suggesting scratch-made noodles as a reasonable
               | alternative to instant noodles demonstrates an
               | astonishing lack of understanding of the reason people
               | eat instant noodles, not to mention the lack of reasoning
               | it would take to deduce that people drawn to a product
               | labeled "instant" are probably looking for something
               | relatively quick.
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | Astonishing.
        
             | hollerith wrote:
             | I am just guessing here, not having studied the issue in
             | depth, but someone whose ancestors lived in South East Asia
             | (or East Asia), where rice has provided the majority of the
             | calories for thousands of years, can probably remain
             | healthy on a diet high in refined carbohydrates, a diet
             | that is clearly unhealthy for me, whose ancestors come from
             | Northern Europe where keeping cows and later pigs was a
             | large part of the agricultural economy for the last 6,000
             | years or so (and before then there was a large supply of
             | large animals available for hunting -- large animals that
             | specialize in eating grass and therefore are not loaded
             | with parasites the way that animals that sometimes eat meat
             | are). I do much better when most of my calories come from
             | fat and protein.
             | 
             | But I do not partake in the ketosis fad: I eat a small
             | amount of carbs with almost every meal, and if I don't, I
             | get heart palpitations. (And I've seen studies showing the
             | ketosis is a strain on the heart.)
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | Are they made from brown rice and keep the bran and germ
             | portions or from heavily processed white rice? Are they
             | made from whole grain flour or processed white flower?
        
               | theteapot wrote:
               | I think you call instant noodles "Ramen" in US. Never
               | heard of rice instant noodles before .. Typically [1]:
               | 
               | > Noodle production starts with dissolving the salt,
               | starch, and flavoring in water to form a mixture that is
               | then added to the flour. The dough is then left for a
               | period of time to mature, then for even distribution of
               | the ingredients and hydration of the particles in the
               | dough, it is kneaded. After it is kneaded, the dough is
               | made into two sheets compounded into one single noodle
               | belt by being put through two rotating rollers. This
               | process is repeated to develop gluten more easily as the
               | sheet is folded and passed through the rollers several
               | times. This will create the stringy and chewy texture
               | found in instant noodles.
               | 
               | [1]:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_noodles#Production
        
               | _DeadFred_ wrote:
               | I guess I assumed people would consider ramen a highly
               | processed food. USA instant ramen also often comes pre-
               | fried.
               | 
               | In the USA there's 'just soak in hot water' rice noodle
               | packs though I normally use the soak in hot water mung
               | bean noodles. Both of which would be considered highly
               | processed.
        
             | turtlebits wrote:
             | Absolutely, have you ever looked at the number of
             | ingredients in instant noodles?
             | 
             | I've started to looked at packaged food ingredients and now
             | avoid foods with added phosphates and nitrates.
        
           | Exuma wrote:
           | Is that protein isolate different than my isolated whey
           | protein workout shake
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | > "things we eat that bear little resemblance to the food we
           | have evolved on"
           | 
           | Okay.
           | 
           | So are we ready to ban bread? Is that really what you're
           | proposing? Or white-rice?
           | 
           | > Industrially manufactured food products made up of several
           | ingredients (formulations) including sugar, oils, fats and
           | salt (generally in combination and in higher amounts than in
           | processed foods) and food substances of no or rare culinary
           | use (such as high-fructose corn syrup, hydrogenated oils,
           | modified starches and protein isolates).
           | 
           | So Lays potato chips (only Potatoes, Oil, and Salt on the
           | ingredients list) don't need a warning label?
           | 
           | McDonalds fries and potato chips are fine because they're all
           | natural ingredients, amirite?
        
         | neuralRiot wrote:
         | Foods should have a "health score rating" similar to cars
         | safety score.
        
         | zero-sharp wrote:
         | Sure, it's not a binary classification. Now what? I'm confident
         | that you can distinguish between foods with more additives and
         | those with less.
         | 
         | Science will give you conclusions you can be confident in. But
         | who would be paying for the research? Would there ever be that
         | much incentive to investigate individual ingredients? How long
         | would it take?
         | 
         | I'm sure somebody a lot more diligent than I am can point you
         | to all of those instances in the past where we created harm by
         | exposing ourselves to something novel, prior to it being
         | understood scientifically. I don't think exercising caution is
         | unscientific.
        
           | filoleg wrote:
           | You aren't addresing the problem posed by the grandparent
           | comment.
           | 
           | You say we should be more on the cautious side. Sure, that's
           | a fine take. But without actual classification as to what
           | counts as "ultra-processed" food that actually maps to harm
           | in some way, you end up with the California-style "potential
           | carcinogen" sticker warning slapped on almost everything.
           | Which is useless at best.
        
         | why_at wrote:
         | I agree that this proposed regulation seems like it probably
         | won't help. Defining what counts as an ultra-processed food is
         | challenging, and the actual causal link to health outcomes is
         | far from clear. This article from Science-Based Medicine makes
         | a good case against this kind of thing.[0]
         | 
         | What can we actually do to make people eat healthier though?
         | Rising obesity rates are one of those societal problems where
         | I'm not sure what the solution is. The best strategy I can
         | think of is something like "do our best to solve poverty and
         | hope that this helps with obesity as well".
         | 
         | [0] https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/ultraprocessed-foods/
        
           | riku_iki wrote:
           | > I agree that this proposed regulation seems like it
           | probably won't help.
           | 
           | I would personally use this as a signal when making choice
           | among other factors.
           | 
           | Say I am choosing between two types of ham.
        
       | zug_zug wrote:
       | Imagine a future where all food stores have 3 sections:
       | 
       | - The Green section (Food) - Natural food our ancestors would
       | have eaten.
       | 
       | - The yellow section (Food-derived) - Things made partly from
       | food, but in a factory, with huge servings of sugar, salt, and
       | other artificial flavors -- granola bars, tomato sauces, etc.
       | 
       | - The red section (Calories) - Products that have calories but no
       | nutritional value, no or negative impact on microbiome,
       | indefinite shelf-life, >50% calories are refined sugar.
        
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