[HN Gopher] Gassy cows and pigs will face a carbon tax in Denmar...
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       Gassy cows and pigs will face a carbon tax in Denmark, a world
       first
        
       Author : mypastself
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2024-06-26 17:11 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (apnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (apnews.com)
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40799879
        
       | chrisco255 wrote:
       | Insane to try to blame ruminants for climate change.
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | It's not ruminants that have to pay the tax.
        
         | jhbadger wrote:
         | Not so insane given that they are far more numerous due to
         | agriculture than they would be as wild animals. This ultimately
         | is a human-caused problem not a natural one. And there is the
         | issue that what we feed livestock affects how much gas they
         | produce. It's a serious research topic
         | 
         | https://clear.ucdavis.edu/explainers/why-do-cattle-produce-m...
        
           | atlasy1 wrote:
           | Thank you for raising this valid issue. Ruminant methane
           | output has been reduced by 98.8% with the addition of a
           | compound from seaweed to the animals food. You are a small
           | bit behind the science but thanks to people like you raising
           | awareness we solved the problem!
        
             | Pet_Ant wrote:
             | A citation for those who (as I) didn't know about this:
             | 
             | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/26388081.2022.
             | 2...
             | 
             | Don't know how widely adopted this is.
        
             | wyre wrote:
             | It's not a solved problem. This is a hyperbole less
             | accurate than saying vehicle emissions are a solved problem
             | because EV's exist. Seaweed is not a widespread additive in
             | cattle feed and global production of seaweed would need to
             | drastically increase to handle demand. There is also a
             | plethora of other factors to consider with the increased
             | farming of seaweed and the dietary changes that make adding
             | seaweed to a cows diet anything but a "solved problem"
             | 
             | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-
             | science/arti...
        
               | atlasy1 wrote:
               | You can think of it as similar to a human taking a cheap
               | charcoal tablet with their food to reduce flatulance.
               | They will not take such a tablet until they are aware
               | they have gastritis. When enough pressure is applied the
               | solution will be implemented.
               | 
               | Only a small part of the animals feed needs to be seaweed
               | and thankfully it is one of the easiest and fastest
               | growing organisms on the planet. So it's extremely cheap
               | for the industry to adopt the solution when compared to
               | facing losses related to carbon taxes and loss of market
               | share.
        
               | wyre wrote:
               | Sorry, edited my post while you were replying.
               | 
               | Your underestimating the amount of food cows need to eat
               | a day and likely overestimating global seaweed production
               | in relation to even supply only 1% of cattle feed.
               | 
               | 89 millions cows in the US alone eating eating 20+ pounds
               | of food a day is 890,000 tons or nearly 325 million tons
               | per year. That's per day. Global production of seaweed
               | was 358,200 tons in 2019. Only about 11% of what would be
               | needed to be included in 1% of feed of every cow in
               | America. And that wouldn't leave any seaweed to be used
               | for any of its other uses or the millions of other cows
               | around the world.
               | 
               | https://worldanimalfoundation.org/advocate/how-many-cows-
               | in-...
               | 
               | https://beef.unl.edu/cattleproduction/forageconsumed-day
               | 
               | https://fppn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s43014-02
               | 2-0...
               | 
               | https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/0990814231045
               | 205...
        
               | slavik81 wrote:
               | Seaweed grows very quickly. The historical production was
               | much higher a hundred years ago, but there's been
               | relatively little need for seaweed in recent decades. It
               | would not be hard to farm more of it, if there were
               | demand.
        
               | pvaldes wrote:
               | > Seaweed grows very quickly
               | 
               | This is like saying that trees grow quickly.
               | 
               | "Seaweed" means thousands of different species. When we
               | see a cluster of seaweeds in a rock some of them are not
               | even in the same kingdom than their neighbors. Its life
               | cycles and chemical properties are totally different.
               | 
               | The truth is that some species are really picky and some
               | take decades to regrow after harvested. Just because
               | brown seaweeds are fast growers does not mean that red
               | seaweeds are.
               | 
               | > there's been relatively little need for seaweed in
               | recent decades
               | 
               | You may not be aware of how much of our everyday stuff
               | includes algae. The demand of toothpaste has not fell. I
               | would dare to speculate that the demand of laboratory
               | stuff is probably higher than ever since Covid.
        
             | ygjb wrote:
             | This is a potential solution, but the problem isn't solved
             | until the market actually adopts it.
             | 
             | Without a financial incentive to follow through (for
             | example, a carbon tax on gassy animals) to offset the added
             | cost of feed supplements, then most farms won't see the
             | business justification (carbon footprint is largely
             | externalized).
        
               | atlasy1 wrote:
               | Sorry to double post this but you can think of it as
               | being similar to a human taking a cheap charcoal tablet
               | with their food to reduce flatulance.
               | 
               | Only a small part of the animals feed needs to be seaweed
               | and thankfully it is one of the easiest and fastest
               | growing organisms on the planet. So it's extremely cheap
               | for the industry to adopt compared to losses related to
               | carbon taxes and loss of market share.
        
               | ygjb wrote:
               | That means absolutely nothing until the majority of
               | cattle farms incorporate the supplement into their
               | operations.
               | 
               | Knowing a potential solution is not the same as solving a
               | problem, unless you are performing an academic exercise.
        
               | atlasy1 wrote:
               | A little difficult to parse your argument. It is the lack
               | of implementation of the cheap solution that you are
               | worried about and raising as a problem.
               | 
               | Do not worry.
               | 
               | When enough pressure is applied on the farmers thanks to
               | people like you , the solution (seaweed) we have found
               | will be implemented. We have already done the difficult
               | part and found a solution to the problem.
        
               | ygjb wrote:
               | And I am sure that all of the fat people (myself
               | included) are thrilled that a thermodynamic approach to
               | weight loss is a proven solution, despite the fact that I
               | have not had much success applying it.
               | 
               | I am also strongly reassured that XSS is a solved problem
               | when using content security, and climate change has been
               | solved by mass reforestation efforts.
               | 
               | The difficult part of a technical solution is not
               | inventing it (although those are rightfully hard
               | problems); the real challenge is in driving adoption of
               | the solution.
               | 
               | The industry will push back on this solution for a broad
               | range of reasons:
               | 
               | 1. Cost - what is the cost of both the supplement and the
               | labour required to administer it, or the differential on
               | unfortified vs. fortified feeds.
               | 
               | 2. Marketing - how will you communicate to folks that
               | they should do this?
               | 
               | 3. Customer Satisfication - does the supplement
               | meaningfully affect any of the metrics for customer
               | satisfaction (flavour, texture, etc of the meat).
               | 
               | 4. Availability - retooling and spinning up the
               | aquaculture required to produce the supplements
               | 
               | 5. Viability - what is the ecological impact of the
               | proposed seaweed solution, and is it a net positive.
               | 
               | I spent a chunk of my career as a researcher, developing
               | protoypes and proof of concept stuff. One of the greatest
               | things of that time in my career was developing something
               | to 80% and throwing it over the fence, which let me
               | ignore all of that hard work and call my project a win.
               | One of the worst things is that out of that multi-year
               | period of experimentation almost none of the work I did
               | actually yielded unique products or improvements
               | (although the tools I built did drive improvements to
               | address issues and flaws found).
               | 
               | Assuming that you did the research, your work was
               | definitely successful in finding a solution. You have not
               | solved the problem, and the hard work is very much ahead.
        
             | pvaldes wrote:
             | > Ruminant methane output has been reduced by 98.8% with
             | the addition of a compound from seaweed to the animals food
             | 
             | I had debunked this yet a lot of times. This is a dead road
             | and will fail. With the current data available is obvious
             | that is a false solution.
             | 
             | I would strongly suggest to read the article with a
             | critical mind
        
           | tengbretson wrote:
           | The us cattle inventory is like 80 million or so head, and
           | the peak wild bison population was estimated to be between
           | 30-60 million, so its more, but not a crazy amount more.
        
             | jacobgorm wrote:
             | Denmark produces around 29mio pigs per annum on a tiny k
             | look and area inhabited by less than 6mio humans.
        
         | kasperni wrote:
         | Farming contributes to a third of Denmark's CO2 emission.
        
           | atlasy1 wrote:
           | We can phrase anything in a negative light. Food which fuels
           | 100% of Denmark's population causes only 33% of Denmark's
           | emissions. This is a wonderful achievement.
        
             | tengbretson wrote:
             | But consider that if they eliminate all food it would
             | reduce their carbon to 0.
        
             | pvaldes wrote:
             | > Food which fuels 100% of Denmark's population causes only
             | 33% of Denmark's emissions.
             | 
             | Are you saying that Danish eat a 0% of fish, seafood and
             | vegetables?
        
             | Rebelgecko wrote:
             | What makes that wonderful? What do you think the #s would
             | look like if Denmark wasn't one of the top pork exporting
             | countries?
        
         | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
         | This isn't blaming ruminants for climate change. It's just
         | proper accounting.
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | I understand the "why", but there are like 8 billion people, I
       | lost count, shouldn't gassy people be taxed also ?
       | 
       | I guess it is a way to reduce meat consumption. But I think there
       | are far better places to look, Oil Industry and use of fossils
       | (ie plastics) then Cows and Pigs. But no Government wants to do
       | the hard thing because the pols will loose their jobs in the next
       | election.
        
         | jhbadger wrote:
         | People (even "gassy" people) produce very little methane, which
         | is the primary biological cause of global warming.
         | 
         | >But I think there are far better places to look, Oil Industry
         | and use of fossils (ie plastics) then Cows and Pigs. But no
         | Government wants to do the hard thing because the pols will
         | loose their jobs in the next election.
         | 
         | This is talking about Denmark. They certainly haven't forgotten
         | about oil and plastic. They have very aggressive taxation on
         | ICE cars and were one of the first countries to ban free
         | plastic bags.
        
       | bryanlarsen wrote:
       | dupe: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40799879
        
       | idrathernot wrote:
       | So now they'll just import the meat from places with even less
       | environmental concern.
       | 
       | Not that it matters as the people who support these types of
       | broad punitive measures are mostly just virtue seeking idiots who
       | only care about complex issues to the extent it can be used to
       | advertise their own feelings of moral superiority.
        
         | jacobgorm wrote:
         | Most meat produced by Danish farmers gets exported to countries
         | like China. Only a small fraction gets consumed by Danes in
         | Denmark. The pigs are transported alive to meat packing plants
         | in Germany and Poland where wages are lower, and most farm
         | hands in Denmark are cheap imported labor who often live under
         | slave live conditions.
        
           | yza wrote:
           | As a Ukrainian growing up and still living in Denmark and who
           | has spoken to other Ukrainians working at those farms, I have
           | never heard of "slave like conditions". I've heard of hard
           | manual labour and occasional disagreements with the owners of
           | the farms though
        
         | marcuskane2 wrote:
         | This is an egregious ad-hominem attack, which is both against
         | HN guidelines and a failure of rational discourse.
         | 
         | The people who want to reduce pollution most likely just want
         | to reduce the harms associated with that pollution, not your
         | wacky accusation of their motives. And even if someone's
         | motives were some weird bad thing, if their actions are good
         | (eg, helping us all live better lives in a lower-pollution
         | world) that would still be a good thing.
        
       | peterbraden wrote:
       | Are there any reliable numbers on the holistic impact of
       | ruminants? All of the carbon they emit came from the atmosphere
       | via their plant diets, and a huge volume of that carbon is
       | sequestered in the soil via their excrement. Ruminants help the
       | soil, as opposed to modern agriculture which is largely reliant
       | on fossil fuel derived fertilizer.
       | 
       | I have yet to see a paper that models this. Most of the estimates
       | are purely based on output, which seems disingenuous at best.
        
         | jacobgorm wrote:
         | In Denmark the pigs are fed soy imported from areas of the
         | world where rainforests had to be cut down to make room for
         | production. The short distance between Danish fields and sea,
         | which is no where greater than 50kms, means most fertilizer
         | from the pigs runs off into the sea, causing algae blooms that
         | kill all other marine life.
        
           | peterbraden wrote:
           | Thats not really what I asked.
           | 
           | But in this situation would you not be better off taxing the
           | soy imports and fining waste outflow?
        
       | elzbardico wrote:
       | In practice non-western countries will keep on using fossil fuels
       | to enable their development and nothing will stop them till they
       | burn the last drop of oil.
       | 
       | Denmark is a tiny country and their emissions are frankly,
       | negligible.
       | 
       | So, just another emotional decision from western politicians.
        
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