[HN Gopher] Round Rects Are Everywhere
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Round Rects Are Everywhere
        
       Author : zerojames
       Score  : 407 points
       Date   : 2024-06-24 22:38 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.folklore.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.folklore.org)
        
       | wanderingstan wrote:
       | I've enjoyed this story over several decades, but what stands out
       | to me now is the fact that Bill Atkinson was working from home
       | during the creation of the Macintosh.
        
         | Stratoscope wrote:
         | Where would you rather take LSD, at home or in the office?
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19238322
        
         | msephton wrote:
         | IIRC he did the more complicated stuff at home so he wouldn't
         | be disturbed. But he also worked from the office. A healthy
         | split!
        
       | m463 wrote:
       | Rounded corners are one of the common things on macos that make
       | it look modern and cheerful. iphone icons are more pleasing
       | because of this.
       | 
       | other platforms should add more of this.
        
         | gibolt wrote:
         | It is standard for web elements. Very easy to set border radius
        
           | EGreg wrote:
           | Bill Atkinson wasn't aware of that feature.
           | 
           | Also, Susan Kare didn't know about vector graphics. That's
           | why all her icons ended up pixelated! But it was... quite
           | iconic at the time.
        
             | Stratoscope wrote:
             | Whatever Susan Kare knew about vector graphics, that's not
             | why the icons were pixelated.
             | 
             | It was because she had only two colors to work with, black
             | and white, and only two icon sizes, 16x16 and 32x32.
             | 
             | Steve Jobs and Bill Atkinson only got 32x32 B&W icons for
             | their own portraits:
             | 
             | https://www.folklore.org/Steve,_Icon.html
             | 
             | > _Icons were only 32 by 32 black or white pixels, 1024
             | dots in total_
             | 
             | Susan posted more examples here:
             | 
             | https://www.behance.net/gallery/81132387/Macintosh-icons
        
               | michaeljsmith wrote:
               | (I think that was the joke)
        
           | ftio wrote:
           | That hasn't always been true!
           | 
           | I remember with great displeasure the bad old days of
           | creating a 3x3 table for every container and jamming a
           | rounded corner gif into each of the four corners to create
           | this effect.
        
             | lelandfe wrote:
             | See also the old sliding doors article breathlessly making
             | rounded tabs:
             | 
             | https://alistapart.com/article/slidingdoors/
        
               | aalvarado wrote:
               | A list apart was my go to resource for a long time. Css
               | zen garden was great
        
             | gary_0 wrote:
             | I dunno, I look back on the <table>-based layout days with
             | fondness, probably because I was young and the Web was
             | nothing but rolling green fields and endless potential. I
             | didn't see the limitations, only the opportunities for
             | inventiveness. I'll never feel the same satisfaction as I
             | did when those first few website designs came together.
        
               | reddalo wrote:
               | I feel like responsive websites killed that magic,
               | because now it's way too complicated to make interesting
               | designs.
        
             | nayuki wrote:
             | Indeed, CSS border-radius was introduced around year 2010.
             | I was both browsing the web and writing pages before that
             | time. https://caniuse.com/?search=border-radius ,
             | https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-
             | radi...
        
             | aalvarado wrote:
             | In games you had to do this 9 piece slice, one slice for
             | each of the 4 corners, all 4 straight sides that can be
             | repeated as a pattern and the middle background piece
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | Nine-patch image scaling[0] is still a thing, and is only
               | orthogonally related to setting a border radius (it's a
               | hell of lot more versatile than that).
               | 
               | 0: https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/9SliceSprites.html
        
           | kccqzy wrote:
           | Do you not remember a time before border-radius? Or -webkit-
           | border-radius? I remember including a premade rounded
           | rectangle button in _Flash_ just to get that visual effect.
        
             | karaterobot wrote:
             | To be fair, the original comment said other platforms
             | should _add_ this, and border-radius has been widely
             | supported for at least 15 years. You 'd have to look hard
             | for a browser that needs it to be added.
        
           | somat wrote:
           | ahh yes good ol border-radius, more popularly known as web
           | 2.0
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | Not only on macos, on the hardware as well. Macbook that I'm
         | typing this comment on has a screen with rounded corners on
         | top, and it just feels better than right angles on the bottom.
        
           | callalex wrote:
           | That effect is 100% done in software. Full black on screens
           | is just really good now. If you don't believe me look at a
           | photo in full screen while zoomed in.
        
             | 1d22a wrote:
             | I'm not sure that's true that it's (always) done in
             | software. For example, the newest Framework Laptop 13 has
             | higher resolution screens that come with rounded corners,
             | because whatever supplier had a large stock of them lying
             | around. If it was just software, the concept of having a
             | "rounded corner screen" from a supplier wouldn't exist.
        
             | pfg_ wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure it's a screen cutout - the corners are
             | still rounded when fullscreen zooming, and on asahi linux.
             | There's also another cutout for the notch at the top of the
             | screen. Also, it's not a great panel and the blacks aren't
             | very good - you can still see light coming from the monitor
             | with a full back image in fullscreen and it changes based
             | on brightness.
             | 
             | So if it is software, then it's very low level and with
             | darker blacks than anything else on screen, and has a super
             | tiny bezel right at the corner. I'm pretty sure it's a
             | cutout.
        
       | trevmckendrick wrote:
       | It's underrated how great Steve Jobs's taste was, and how sincere
       | the "liberal arts + technology" line is
        
         | karaterobot wrote:
         | I don't disagree that it's important, but I don't think it's
         | underrated. I think it's very highly rated.
        
           | cynicalkane wrote:
           | There's a puzzle in philosophy, where a philosopher points to
           | a bear and says, "That's a bear". Except it's only a life-
           | size cardboard cutout of a bear. But behind the cutout is a
           | real bear. Is the philosopher speaking the truth when he
           | points and says there's a bear there?
           | 
           | Steve Jobs is appropriately highly praised, but by many
           | people who don't know why he should be praised -- to them
           | he's like a movie sort of figure, Elon Musk in his post-
           | Twitter phase, a larger-than-life jerk who says smart words
           | and allegedly does things. But Jobs actually _is_ that sort
           | of genius that a lot of wannabes pretend to be. So is he
           | highly praised? Is the philosopher telling the truth when he
           | points to the fake bear, having confused it for a real one
           | but not knowing there 's a real one behind it?
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | Does the philosopher know that there's a bear behind it? If
             | not, it probably depends on your take on the Gettier
             | problem :)
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | The modern take on that dilemma; What if it's a man
               | hiding behind a bear cutout to appear less threatening?
        
               | dumbo-octopus wrote:
               | Various non falsified interpretations of quantum theory
               | say there both is and isn't a bear there until it is
               | observed. So I say he's right.
               | 
               | And watch out, there's a bear behind you.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | I think most philosophers would be fine with treating
               | "there is no bear there" and "the amplitude of the
               | probability density function of a bear is negligibly low
               | there" as the same statement for this discussion :)
               | 
               | An entire bear spontaneously tunneling across a large
               | distance or spontaneously forming out of vacuum
               | fluctuations is really, really quite unlikely.
        
             | hoseja wrote:
             | And then he tried curing cancer with fruit juice.
        
         | lll-o-lll wrote:
         | I'm not sure "underrated" is exactly the best term here. He's
         | pretty much lauded as the greatest "visionary for design and
         | innovation in the technology industry", ever.
         | 
         | I agree that every time one of these anecdotes comes up, it's a
         | shock to remember. Of all the narcissists we have running the
         | world, he's the one I'll most fondly remember.
        
           | zenlikethat wrote:
           | That's a great way to put it, ha ha. Toxic human, but hard to
           | deny the results.
        
             | 1-more wrote:
             | Success like he had is a filter. To be there you have to go
             | through a lot of "sure you've done well so far, but you'll
             | never make it to the next level" conversations in your
             | life. By the time you're Steve Jobs, you've been right in
             | the face of doubt thousands of times. Type of thing that
             | makes someone think they can cure easily treatable
             | pancreatic cancer with crystals or whatever.
        
           | icehawk wrote:
           | Maybe not "underrated" but "Jobs only did marketing, Woz did
           | all the technical work" is a very persistent comment I see on
           | the internet when he's brought up.
        
             | Turing_Machine wrote:
             | Woz is a technical genius, no doubt about it.
             | 
             | But Jobs is who made the boxes something that non-nerds
             | wanted to have in their homes. There were dozens of
             | computer companies at the time, some (not many, but some)
             | of which had Woz-level engineers (e.g. Jay Miner and team
             | at Atari). But only Apple survived.
             | 
             | Someone once said there would never have been an Apple if
             | there had been only one Steve, and I agree.
             | 
             | Was he a jerk sometimes? Yeah, definitely. But he's not the
             | first genius who's been a jerk. At the extreme, Isaac
             | Newton was a horrible person.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | > But he's not the first genius who's been a jerk. At the
               | extreme, Isaac Newton was a horrible person.
               | 
               | Luckily, we had a spare: Leibniz (and others) covered
               | much of the same ground as Newton.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | The calculus, sure, but not the physics.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | Newton didn't do everything that Leibniz did, nor did
               | Leibniz do everything Newton did.
               | 
               | Other people did other stuff. Once calculus was around,
               | much of Newtonian physics would have come naturally
               | sooner or later.
               | 
               | Eg even just re-doing an analysis of Galileo's free fall
               | experiments with calculus would have gone a pretty long
               | way.
        
           | cladopa wrote:
           | I will not define Jobs as narcissistic (thinking on himself).
           | Quite the opposite, Jobs was focussing on what people needed,
           | and he was right: People needed rounded corners way more than
           | ovals.
           | 
           | Jobs was obsessed with the customer experience and that was
           | what made him a great CEO.
           | 
           | Did he cared more about the product or the customer than his
           | own people? This is something that you should ask the people
           | that worked with him.
        
             | bityard wrote:
             | > This is something that you should ask the people that
             | worked with him.
             | 
             | No need to ask around, lots of people who worked for Jobs
             | have gone on the record as saying he was the worst person
             | they have ever worked for. If you ran into him (or worse,
             | had to present something to him), you never knew if you
             | were going to get Nice Steve or Angry Steve. Nice Steve
             | would thank you for your work and politely inform you of
             | changes or refinements that he wanted you to make. Angry
             | Steve would verbally berate you in front of your manager
             | and peers.
             | 
             | He had a set of close associates that he never or rarely
             | treated badly, it is not hyperbole to say that most
             | everyone else got the brunt of his wrath.
             | 
             | Straight from Woz, if you don't want to take my word for
             | it:
             | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/jul/08/steve-
             | woz...
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | He was a genius that had that flaw of being a narcissist.
           | 
           | The problem is all the people using him as a reason to praise
           | narcissism itself. And almost never even in people that are
           | genial, since very few people are genial.
        
         | jonstewart wrote:
         | Who's perhaps underrated is Bill Atkinson. He famously left it
         | all behind, but QuickDraw, MacPaint, and HyperCard are a
         | helluva hat trick.
        
         | doubloon wrote:
         | his girl friend and child's mother Chrisann Brennan was an
         | artist. its all in her book.
        
       | paulcole wrote:
       | > "No, there's no way to do that..."
       | 
       | This is the key line to me. It turned out it could be done and in
       | less than a day. Even very smart and talented people sometimes
       | need a jerk to tell them to make it happen. Sometimes it
       | backfires and sometimes it doesn't.
        
       | beambot wrote:
       | Can someone explain the technical detail a bit more detailed than
       | on Folklore...?
        
         | jepler wrote:
         | I didn't read it in detail but I did find this version of the
         | same anecdote followed by a commentary on the original ROM
         | code:
         | http://wg20.criticalcodestudies.com/index.php?p=/discussion/...
         | 
         | the underlying algorithm to draw an octant of an arc may have
         | been https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm
         | 
         | You "just" need to draw 2 octants of an oval at each corner of
         | the rectangle, plus the remainder of the 4 sides of the
         | rectangle, and correctly account for fill/edge flags while
         | doing so. This likely leveraged the existing "region" code in
         | the Apple QuickDraw, but to be sure you'd have to get down into
         | the code or find a more complete commentary.
        
       | novia wrote:
       | I viewed this on my RoundRect
        
       | stefan_ wrote:
       | > Over the next few months, roundrects worked their way into
       | various parts of the user interface, and soon became
       | indispensable.
       | 
       | At which point we realized they are just a fad like any other
       | design ever was and went to sharp corners and flat design. And
       | back to round corners, and back to sharp, and back to..
       | 
       | Hell, I can see this circle of hell happening in front of my very
       | eyes. I think a year ago someone at Chrome had the brilliant idea
       | to "refresh the design" as happens so often in big organizations
       | and suddenly the tabs got round and we got little round corners
       | around the navigation bar and..
        
         | thr33 wrote:
         | rounded corners are actually a significant accessibility factor
         | and powerful gestalt mechanism in design. The border radius of
         | a rounded rect makes it discernable at a glance the boundaries
         | of the element and what is inside and what is out. Concentric
         | rounding can clearly communicate parent child relationships in
         | an astutely gestalt fashion.
        
         | wolpoli wrote:
         | The only thing constant in modern web design seems to be the
         | ever-increasing amount of margins and paddings. Everything else
         | goes in cycles.
         | 
         | When Google fully-rounded the corners of a rectangle, they
         | added even more margins and paddings. When texture comes back
         | in style, I bet we'll see even more margins and paddings.
        
       | nlunbeck wrote:
       | Round rect technique aside (fascinating stuff!), the storytelling
       | here is really charming. Reads like a clever short story
       | 
       | > Bill returned to Texaco Towers the following afternoon, with a
       | big smile on his face. His demo was now drawing rectangles with
       | beautifully rounded corners blisteringly fast, almost at the
       | speed of plain rectangles.
        
       | WillAdams wrote:
       | It works well for the Mac OS, but for all that it's a core part
       | of the Mac OS identity, I really hate that Microsoft is using
       | round rectangles to the point that device manufacturers are
       | painting the underside of laptop and tablet glass screens so as
       | to cause a physical rounded effect at the corners, and I'd liefer
       | have the crisp square Windows 10 screen appearance than the
       | rounded Windows 11 (though the overall increase in consistency is
       | nice otherwise).
        
         | LoganDark wrote:
         | Painting? As demonstrated by Framework's new display option,
         | there are displays that physically do not have pixels there.
         | The the actual mask they use for printing is already rounded.
         | It's not painted over, it's just not there.
        
           | WillAdams wrote:
           | If the displays don't have the pixels, then they should
           | discount the price based on them being missing.
        
             | LoganDark wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure they do. You get maybe a few cents based on
             | the physical area that the rounding leaves out. Of course,
             | you can't just pay the few cents for a non-rounded screen
             | if they don't already have masks for non-rounded screens.
             | That's why Framework decided to compromise on the rounded
             | option, as that one had already been commissioned by
             | another customer, but if they wanted the same thing but
             | without rounding they would have had to pay for brand new
             | tooling.
        
               | WillAdams wrote:
               | That's even worse --- back in the days of the original
               | Mac there were apps which would make use of the dark
               | corners for various status notifications.
        
               | LoganDark wrote:
               | It's not like you can use the notch for status
               | notifications on phones with a screen cutout. To be fair
               | though, I've always been hostile towards phones with
               | notches or cutouts of any kind. Even my current phone
               | (OP7Pro) with its rounded corners is pushing it.
        
       | aj7 wrote:
       | Yeah, but how?
        
         | WillAdams wrote:
         | See the QuickDraw source at:
         | 
         | https://computerhistory.org/blog/macpaint-and-quickdraw-sour...
         | 
         | https://d1yx3ys82bpsa0.cloudfront.net/102658076_quickdraw_ac...
        
       | behnamoh wrote:
       | Not just rounded rectangles, but squircles too. Every icon or
       | rectangular element in Apple software and hardware is a squircle.
        
         | yreg wrote:
         | Surely a MacBook is a rounded rect and not a squircle.
        
           | behnamoh wrote:
           | Nope, it's still squircle.
        
             | roelschroeven wrote:
             | https://www.apple.com/v/macbook-
             | pro/ak/images/overview/close...
             | 
             | https://www.apple.com/v/macbook-
             | pro/ak/images/overview/close...
             | 
             | https://www.apple.com/v/macbook-
             | pro/ak/images/overview/close...
             | 
             | Those don't look like squircles to me. If they _are_
             | squircles, they 're so close to simple rounded rectangles
             | that there's no meaningful difference left.
             | 
             | The keys could, maybe, be squircles, but I'm having a very
             | hard time seeing the outline, the touchpad, the outline of
             | the keyboard as anything other than rounded rectangles.
        
         | shermantanktop wrote:
         | TIL about squircles: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squircle
        
         | abhinavk wrote:
         | Apple uses quintic superellipses. Very similar to squircles but
         | not quite.
        
           | roelschroeven wrote:
           | What does quintic mean in this context? My first thought
           | would be something like (x/a)^5 + (y/b)^5 = 1, but that
           | doesn't seem to work. I only get meaningful shapes when I use
           | even exponents.
           | 
           | Try for yourself here:
           | https://www.desmos.com/calculator/bfqku2rcw0
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | |x|5, |y|5
        
               | roelschroeven wrote:
               | Ah that makes sense, thanks. Obvious, in hindsight.
        
         | roelschroeven wrote:
         | How does that work for rectangular elements? As far as I
         | understand it, squircles are defined by an equation similar to
         | (x/a)^n + (y/b)^n = 1, as in
         | https://www.desmos.com/calculator/yllozptlmt.
         | 
         | That works well for squares (a = b), but for rectangles the
         | corners aren't round anymore, they become elliptic, as in
         | https://www.desmos.com/calculator/bzxyu6ygz3. That doesn't like
         | as nice in my eyes, but more importantly I have the impression
         | that the rounded corner of Apple's rectangles are circular, not
         | elliptic. I don't have any Apple devices, but in screenshots
         | like
         | https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:4800/format:webp/1*oBI...
         | it seems to me the corners of rectangular elements are very
         | much not elliptic. Or certainly not nearly as obvious as in my
         | second Desmos link.
         | 
         | So I don't understand what's really going on. It doesn't seem
         | to me Apple's rectangles really are superellipses.
         | 
         | (And actually the squares in that screenshot look like simple
         | rounded squares to me, not squircles/superellipses. The sides
         | look too flat for squircles. I could be wrong though.)
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | They're definitely not superellipses these days, but to
           | answer your question in a more interesting manner: you don't
           | have to stretch the superellipse. You can just split it so
           | that the corners are rounded with a 1:1 aspect ratio and
           | cheat by stretching the lines in the middle.
        
       | aj7 wrote:
       | In day camp in Brooklyn, we always had woodworking. In successive
       | summers, we had an instructor who wanted us to round the corners
       | and edges of everything, and another instructor who insisted we
       | keep everything as square and sharp as possible.
        
         | chrisjj wrote:
         | And lo you learned both! :)
        
           | oneshtein wrote:
           | +-----+       | Yep |       +-----+
        
             | nickpeterson wrote:
             | /;;;((--------//-----------------$$ -- % I never learned
             | woodworking \
        
         | mrgoldenbrown wrote:
         | Context matters, as usual. Sharp corners in soft wood can
         | easily get dented and look bad if they are on the edge of a
         | table or cutting board. But if two corners are going to meet
         | they'll look better if they are both square.
        
           | shermantanktop wrote:
           | Rounding edges is also a great way to "intentionally" fix a
           | piece that got dinged on the workbench.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | Aren't Apple rounded rectangles now squircles?
       | https://medium.com/minimal-notes/rounded-corners-in-the-appl...
        
         | LoganDark wrote:
         | Yes, they changed into squircles with iOS 7 I believe.
        
           | hajile wrote:
           | I wonder if they were inspired by Meego SwipeUI on the Nokia
           | N9? It was visually quite different from everyone else at the
           | time.
        
             | kmeisthax wrote:
             | No. iOS switched to squircles because their product
             | designers use squircles[0]. If you extrude a rounded
             | rectangle you get a shape that has harsh breaks in the
             | highlights at the point where the rounded part meets the
             | rectangle part. To smooth this off you need a curve where
             | the tangents are smooth. This is also known as "C2
             | continuity", and you get that level of continuity by
             | ensuring that the second derivative (acceleration) of the
             | curve has no gaps between points.
             | 
             | Absolutely none of these properties matter for icons, of
             | course.
             | 
             | [0] Or at least some curve with similar tangency
             | properties.
        
               | LoganDark wrote:
               | > Absolutely none of these properties matter for icons,
               | of course.
               | 
               | To my subjective eye, squircles often do look slightly
               | better in cases where the corner radius is large-ish.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | Original(?) older article:
         | https://www.figma.com/blog/desperately-seeking-squircles/
        
       | waterhouse wrote:
       | Related, fun post:
       | https://ridiculousfish.com/blog/posts/roundy.html
        
       | zX41ZdbW wrote:
       | Round rectangles can look not round enough on low-DPI displays,
       | and the colors can also be wrong due to incorrect averaging in
       | non-linear color space. Example:
       | https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/pull/33453#issuecom...
       | 
       | It is similar to how subtle gradients look striped and dirty on
       | many websites if displayed with only 24-bit color:
       | https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/issues/91316
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | I don't think that's quite right.
         | 
         | The round rectangles are still perfectly round.
         | 
         | But in the example given, the _outline_ becomes fainter on the
         | rounded sections, because gamma isn 't taken into account.
         | 
         | In other words, the shape is perfectly correct, but the
         | antialiasing is buggy.
         | 
         | (It also has nothing to do with gradient striping -- that's an
         | unavoidable artifact of 24 bit color that has nothing to do
         | with gamma. It becomes more noticeable if you don't dither,
         | which generally isn't done in 24 bit color, or when compression
         | is bad, like low-quality JPEG.)
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | On the 1 bit Macintosh display it wasn't much of an issue.
        
       | semolino wrote:
       | Mac OS ROM hack to generate fully circular windows:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20201209143138/https://macgui.co...
        
         | Someone wrote:
         | The 'hack' part isn't drawing round windows; that is just using
         | the operating system APIs to create a new window look.
         | 
         | The hack is injecting that code in the Finder. A way to do that
         | is to store the WDEF inside the desktop file on a floppy disk.
         | Then, inserting that floppy would be enough to give new windows
         | that look.
         | 
         | The Finder would open the resource fork of that file to get
         | info about files on the floppy and keep it open. When you
         | opened a window, the Finder would ask the Resource Manager for
         | "WDEF #0", and the Resource Manager would find it (or rather, a
         | WDEF pretending to be 'it') in the desktop file. Writing a
         | Trojan for that OS wasn't very difficult.
        
       | philipwhiuk wrote:
       | iPhone rounded boxes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxgg_kW3QLU
        
       | noahlt wrote:
       | Every time I see this story, I try counting the round vs square
       | rectangles, and in practice they seem about even in my life. Door
       | frames, picture frames, books, cabinets, and windows are all
       | actually squared off.
       | 
       | (And natural things aren't rectangles at all!)
        
         | mikepurvis wrote:
         | I had the same thought, but I'm actually currently on a
         | passenger VIA train carriage, and almost everything in this
         | "fully designed" environment is rounded off-- the windows, the
         | seats, the tray tables, the vent holes, even the bodywork
         | itself. An airplane would be similar.
        
           | kqr wrote:
           | I feel like that is due to physical constraints (are glass
           | panes weaker at the corners?) than actual design-to-be-
           | pleasing-to-look-at.
        
             | canthonytucci wrote:
             | It might also reduce the risk of (some kinds of) injury in
             | an event where the people inside bounce around. Same for
             | inside cars.
        
         | vasco wrote:
         | > And natural things aren't rectangles at all
         | 
         | Pyrite would like a word!
        
       | langcss wrote:
       | I wish I knew about this in the microcomputer days. I started off
       | with SIN() and COS() for circles which were very slow. I realized
       | that you can just scan down a pixel at a time in the Y axis and
       | use Pythagoras for the X. Also for a circle that calculation does
       | 4 points.
       | 
       | But the way posted here would much much faster than that!
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Round rectangles are everywhere_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28679496 - Sept 2021 (26
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _History of Rounded Corners_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7062706 - Jan 2014 (1
       | comment)
       | 
       |  _Steve Jobs and Rounded Corners_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3096927 - Oct 2011 (1
       | comment)
       | 
       |  _The story of round rectangles_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1636358 - Aug 2010 (77
       | comments)
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Windows used rounded corners on its buttons from 1.0 to 3.11,
       | then switched to square ones until XP's themed UI, where they
       | were slightly rounded again, until 8 went back to square, and now
       | with 11 they are again rounded:
       | 
       | https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/7389110/64139289-3...
       | 
       | I still prefer the sharp corners.
        
         | ted_bunny wrote:
         | Wonder how it syncopates with the high skirt / short skirt
         | fashion cycle
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | that ended about the time engelbart first publicly
           | demonstrated hypertext (i'd say windowed guis but sketchpad
           | and grail had windowed guis)
        
             | msephton wrote:
             | They're is no end to a cycle. I'm not suggesting you go and
             | check current skirt trends, but I guess it might be useful.
        
         | CrimsonCape wrote:
         | it's interesting to see all the windows theming over the years.
         | I personally prefer the UI that looks like little chunks of
         | titanium and steel rather than the boring flat RGBCMYK-like
         | color palette. It was even in the name, glass, to convey the
         | materiality.
         | 
         | I just wonder why developers can have design color palettes
         | like solarized; yet Microsoft imposes its will and subjugates
         | everyone to the same godawful blueness. F** the blueness
         | because I know some corporate peon had conversations like
         | "Yellow is too cautionary, orange is too obscure, red is too
         | angry, purple is too edgy. Blue is safe."
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | > (anti-blue rant)
           | 
           | > (looks at username)
           | 
           | Username checks out.
        
           | int_19h wrote:
           | The highlight color in Win8+ is customizable, although that
           | only applies to apps using the new XAML-based frameworks.
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | Sharp corners are dangerous, I always feel like those windows
         | will draw blood if I touch them with my mouse wrong.
         | 
         | Strangely enough, I stayed in an East Asian hotel (I think with
         | Tibetan influences?) and I remember the corners of the room all
         | being rounded. It just felt better, more soothing? It would be
         | hella expensive to get a craftsman to round all the corners in
         | your room here in the west, you could do it with plaster but it
         | wouldn't last more than a decade and wouldn't add any resale
         | value.
        
           | orthoxerox wrote:
           | I know nuclear power stations have no sharp corners to make
           | them easier to clean.
        
             | porterde wrote:
             | Do you have a source for that fact?
        
               | orthoxerox wrote:
               | You know, I remember seeing this on older pictures, but I
               | tried to come up with an example and couldn't, all recent
               | pictures I could find had regular floor moldings.
        
               | Y-bar wrote:
               | I spent two summers as a cleaner at a pharmaceutical
               | company in my late teens. The "round corners are easier
               | to clean" were a thing there as well, reason I was told
               | was that sharp corners will scrape off some residue from
               | the cleaning cloths when you drag them over the corner.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Oh, ya, I can see this being really nice for the kitchen
               | sink or the stand in shower. Right now, oil build up gets
               | trapped in corners that require a brush to work out,
               | which is tricky in the shower where it's all calked.
        
               | gopher_space wrote:
               | It feels like the more things I use a kitchen sink for
               | the more I appreciate corners. Cleaning is a little more
               | involved but being able to e.g. set two buckets next to
               | each other and have them be level is really really handy.
        
               | heftig wrote:
               | I don't know about power stations, but it's a common
               | feature in medical devices.
               | 
               | E.g. keyboards have a flat or nearly-flat surface so they
               | can be easily cleaned by wiping without leaving any germs
               | behind in a groove, or on an edge.
               | 
               | I suppose something similar makes sense in an environment
               | that could produce radioactive dust.
        
               | stereo wrote:
               | Your fridge has no sharp corners inside.
        
               | bombela wrote:
               | Mostly because it is injection molded, and that sharp
               | corners on plastics are prone to crack.
        
               | hnlmorg wrote:
               | It's definitely true for some hospitals here in the UK.
        
               | acc_297 wrote:
               | I was curious and went looking. This is the closest I
               | found after a quick google search. It refers only to
               | lighting options in the reactor chamber not the hallways
               | and such.
               | 
               | https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/analysis/featurehow-to-
               | choo...
               | 
               | "There are some obvious considerations: all underwater
               | nuclear lights should be crafted from stainless steel
               | with rounded and smooth surfaces for easy
               | decontamination, and have no sharp or jagged edges to
               | reduce the risk of workers tearing safety gloves or
               | clothing. "
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | One of the houses I lived in during college had rounded room
           | corners, and it was a very old house. I'm not sure how it was
           | done.
        
             | bombela wrote:
             | With a round trowel and/or a wood template.
             | 
             | I have some experience plastering. Round corners are
             | somewhat easier than sharp ones. The plaster/joint compound
             | tends to pile up quickly in corners and it is hard to skim
             | it thin.
        
               | janci wrote:
               | Traditionally it was done here in eastern block with a
               | beer bottle. A tool always within reach of a builder.
        
               | Daub wrote:
               | Beer bottles to make rounded corners? Brilliant!
        
               | leobg wrote:
               | How do you make a round corner with a beer bottle? I mean
               | an actual corner (three walls meeting), not an edge (two
               | walls).
        
           | flir wrote:
           | Hmm. We do it to ceilings (coving). I think you maybe need
           | wooden coving, mounted vertically. Then you can make a
           | feature of it, skim it, paint it, whatever.
        
           | ChoGGi wrote:
           | Bullnosing drywall isn't much more expensive then square
           | corners?
        
           | Zelphyr wrote:
           | My wife's grandmothers house here in the US, built around
           | 1952, has rounded corners in a lot of the ceiling and doors.
           | It is quite nice.
        
           | cesaref wrote:
           | Here in the UK it was pretty common up to say the 1940s for
           | plasterers to curve the corners on outward pointing walls in
           | hallways. This usually extends from the skirting up to the
           | picture rail. There is a lovely transition from the curve to
           | a point just below the picture rail, which is very elegant,
           | but a total pain if you are hanging wallpaper, well, that's
           | my experience anyway!
           | 
           | I've always felt it was one of those details that a plasterer
           | could show off their skill, and you are right, it softens the
           | corner in a very pleasing way.
        
           | msephton wrote:
           | You should try staying in a yurt. No corners at all, felt
           | like I was back in the womb. (I imagine)
        
           | bhauer wrote:
           | > _I remember the corners of the room all being rounded. It
           | just felt better, more soothing?_
           | 
           | It's funny. Here in the United States, I find houses with
           | bull-nosed interior walls discomfiting. Something about all
           | the rounded corners causes me mild distress. I find it much
           | more comfortable being in houses with sharp-edged meetings of
           | walls.
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | That image really drives home how much we've lost with flat
         | GUIs are and how important drop shadows are to buttons.
         | 
         | And also drives home that I don't give one iota of care about
         | rounded vs square.
        
           | nurbl wrote:
           | It's also funny how the later examples almost look like they
           | could be terminal UIs. Based on this trend, I predict that
           | the next version of Windows ("Windows One") will look like
           | DOS.
        
           | AlienRobot wrote:
           | I really like XP's. I wonder if it's going to be popular
           | again.
        
         | xnorswap wrote:
         | I still think windows 2000 looks the best out of that bunch, if
         | not for the lack of font antialiasing.
         | 
         | Windows 10 does a pretty good job too if not for the mess that
         | is finding yourself in a universe of completely different UI
         | paradigms that suddenly lurch from one to another, especially
         | when navigating settings.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Windows 2003 Server was the pinnacle - it looked and felt
           | like Windows 2000, but had XP-era improvements, including
           | ClearType (subpixel font antialiasing).
        
             | malermeister wrote:
             | I used to run this modded distro of Windows2003 called
             | "tiny2003". It was my favorite Windows experience.
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | You could easily switch WinXP to use the classic theme,
             | which made it look the same as Win2003.
        
               | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
               | Win7 with the Classic Theme was the peak of UI/UX, IMO.
        
               | gopher_space wrote:
               | On the Mac side OS 10.8.5 felt the same way. Last
               | versions of software specifically designed for desktop
               | computing, maybe.
        
             | bhauer wrote:
             | Even the default out of the box color scheme of WS 2003 was
             | fantastic. Indeed the pinnacle of Windows UI design.
        
               | wolpoli wrote:
               | Black text on Grey background was nice. I am not sure why
               | we switched to dark grey text on white background or
               | light grey text on black background.
        
           | Gud wrote:
           | What really bothers me is they removed the possibility to set
           | the interface to the good old windows nt interface after
           | windows 7. Okay, Microsoft wants to implement sim crappy new
           | UI. At least give me the option to make it right
        
           | Zelphyr wrote:
           | I agree that Windows 2000 looks the best. I inherited a
           | system that was running Windows Server 2003 that we have
           | since replaced with up-to-date software. We needed to do it,
           | of course but, the Windows 2000 UI was way better than what
           | we have today. It was simpler but also more consistent.
        
         | Zelphyr wrote:
         | Microsoft not being able to make up their mind resulting in a
         | cluttered and nearly unusable UI? Who has ever heard of such a
         | thing?!
        
         | AlienRobot wrote:
         | That's a very nice image. I think XP is the best one. Just the
         | fact that it's yellow instead of gray makes all the difference.
         | 
         | I hate how modern widgets don't have shading. They're trying to
         | be modern but it just feels very lazy.
         | 
         | Note how buttons suddenly became twice as big and there was
         | margin/padding everywhere since Windows Vista/7. It's getting
         | ridiculous how much space UI wastes.
        
       | LarsDu88 wrote:
       | Wow. So this is why Apple's campus visitor center literally has
       | no corners in it. Even the stairwells have all rounded corners.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | Take a closer look at the tables.
        
       | femto wrote:
       | The thing I like is that Bill Atkinson didn't spit the dummy when
       | he didn't get the expected reception to his ovals. Instead he
       | took on the challenge of round rectangles and came up with a
       | solution.
        
       | bdahz wrote:
       | Related post discussing the rounded shapes (and squircles) in
       | design tools:
       | 
       | https://blog.verygoodgraphics.com/posts/rounded-shapes/
        
       | lazy_afternoons wrote:
       | Loved it. Will remember this everytime I add "rounded" in
       | tailwind. :)
        
       | 29athrowaway wrote:
       | I much rather prefer the old UIs that were highly responsive at
       | the speed of thought.
        
       | TheDudeMan wrote:
       | "No, there's no way to do that. In fact it would be really hard
       | to do."
       | 
       | Why would Bill say this? Why would his ellipse optimization not
       | be trivially applicable to a quarter-circle?
        
         | sircastor wrote:
         | I think as Andy writes, Bill was showing off a very impressive
         | demo, and was maybe miffed that Steve wasn't appreciating it.
         | 
         | Also, the question had just been sprung, and literally no one
         | had ever done this before.
        
           | n4r9 wrote:
           | This was my interpretation as well. Internally I would be
           | thinking "Look, I've just worked my ass off and produced
           | something incredible. Can't we just put it straight into
           | production?"
        
           | int_19h wrote:
           | Is it actually true that "no-one had ever done this before?".
           | As far as I know, the midpoint circle algorithm, being a
           | straightforward extension of Bresenham's line algorithm, was
           | already well-known by 1981. Indeed, here's a paper from 1967
           | that does basically the same thing:
           | https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/article-
           | pdf/10/3/282/1333509...
        
         | voiceblue wrote:
         | Helps explain why Jobs turned out the way he did, when
         | perfectly capable people behaved this way around him.
        
           | TheDudeMan wrote:
           | I wonder whether, prior to this conversation, Steve had ever
           | communicated to Bill that rounded rects would be nice.
        
             | lukas099 wrote:
             | Maybe he didn't realize he wanted it until he saw it
             | without it
        
         | bhaak wrote:
         | I asked the same question years ago. :)
         | 
         | The probable answer is that he thought about modeling the
         | rectangle with rounded rects with a single mathematical
         | expression. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15073696
         | 
         | That's probably impossible (as rounded rects are not
         | continuous) but also completely unnecessary as you can handle
         | the quarter circle segments and line segments separately.
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | > as you can handle the quarter circle segments and line
           | segments separately.
           | 
           | Possibly, but that is tricky in the presence of blitting
           | modes such as XOR; the movement you accidentally draw a pixel
           | twice, it would get flipped twice (nowadays, with anti-
           | aliasing, it gets really tricky, but they didn't have that
           | problem yet)
           | 
           | You may want to draw the four circle segments in one go, too,
           | as that allows you to share large parts of the computations
           | for what pixels to touch.
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | The algorithm used to draw the ellipse should not have any
             | issues with accidentally overdrawing even by a single pixel
             | if your arcs are defined in 90-degree increments.
             | 
             | And you can, in fact, draw the four circle segments in one
             | go, since they will all be mirror images of each other. If,
             | instead of the absolute coordinate of the pixel, you
             | compute the offset from the starting point, then you can
             | compute it once, negate it as needed, and draw 4 pixels on
             | each step.
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | Also, for the most common cases this probably wasn't even
         | needed - I bet they just stored the "masks" for rounding the
         | corners hardcoded, as that would have been much faster.
        
       | aalvarado wrote:
       | Love the story, could have added more in terms of how the round
       | corners feature was solved
        
       | ralferoo wrote:
       | I wasn't even aware that the Mac existed at the time, but I
       | always had a fondness for rounded rectangles because the Amstrad
       | CPC character set had 16 characters that represented all possible
       | combinations of a central dot with N, E, S, W spokes. They were
       | rounded for the 4 cases that represented 90 degrees, and the
       | rounded rectangle look was perfect for using as borders around
       | things.
       | 
       | This was 1984, so wouldn't have been long after the original Mac
       | but was maybe influenced by it. As far as I know, no other 8-bit
       | computers have rounded container characters like this. I later
       | used PCs, and the CGA text mode had its nice 1/2 line variants,
       | which were good for variety, but they were square so I never
       | found them as appealing as the rounded ones I knew from the
       | Amstrad.
        
       | flohofwoe wrote:
       | Oooof, so the rounded corners in UIs is just another Jobs-fetish
       | by UI designers, got it ;(
        
       | Mikhail_Edoshin wrote:
       | One example of rounded rectangles added purely for aesthetic
       | purposes was the desktop window of the old Mac. When the display
       | turned on during boot, it was naturally square, but then one of
       | the first things the software did was to round its corners. Then
       | they stayed this way until maybe another software switched into
       | full screen. There was nothing like that on Windows and it was
       | obviously a "useless" thing to do. I liked that detail.
        
       | dmd wrote:
       | This conversation exemplifies every positive interaction I've
       | ever had with any of my really good advisors or bosses. It's
       | exactly what I want from my boss - to be told "that good, but not
       | quite good enough, and _I know you can do better even if you don
       | 't know it yet_".
       | 
       | And then I go off and think some more and outdo myself.
        
       | uwagar wrote:
       | they are everywhere indeed because sharp corners can hurt people.
        
       | cat_plus_plus wrote:
       | Learning how to design models for 3D printing now, and rounded
       | corners are a matter of necessity as much as aesthetics. Objects
       | with sharp corners are uncomfortable to hold, even risk of injury
       | with some materials. They are also unhygienic and pain to clean
       | dust out of. On the flipside, math to generate rounded corners on
       | arbitrary shapes is messy and printing these out often requires
       | supports and postprocessing to remove those and polish the curves
       | with sandpaper.
        
       | jFriedensreich wrote:
       | Rounded corners is much like semicolons, and rebasing / merging
       | something impossible to discuss. Most people either strongly
       | dislike the one or the other and are unable to reconcile.
        
       | cantSpellSober wrote:
       | Can we add (1981) to the title please
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | > Then he pointed out the window.
       | 
       | ...which hopefully was still a non-rounded rectangle.
        
       | spot1984 wrote:
       | "squircles" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squircle
        
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