[HN Gopher] Centuries of Childhood
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Centuries of Childhood
        
       Author : benbreen
       Score  : 69 points
       Date   : 2024-06-11 13:00 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (resobscura.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (resobscura.substack.com)
        
       | esd_g0d wrote:
       | Yeah. I find this romanticization of the past, this search for
       | the "true" or "natural" way of doing things... I've seen it done
       | for things other than childhood, like relationships in general,
       | physical activity, diet* (does the paleo diet apply here? I know
       | nothing but the name)... I think we do this because society and
       | the typical human life is changing really fast, which prompts us
       | to consider different ways of doing things, and wonder what would
       | be the best. It's kinda disappointing at first that there are no
       | clear answers in the past... but maybe at least we should be
       | reassured because it means that our chances of doing it the
       | "wrong" way today aren't that high.
       | 
       | Along those lines... the other day there was that discussion
       | about the play-based childhood from decades ago, and I feel
       | sometimes people were romanticizing it -- I don't think the
       | increased rate of physical bullying and pressure for fitting in
       | were mentioned enough (though there were some mentions).
       | Personally, I think I'd rather not have been born in the 60s. The
       | Internet is directly or indirectly responsible for like 99% of my
       | knowledge (speaking English included), which in turn is
       | responsible for so much in my life that's different and better...
       | If I look back to the folks my age in my home town (which I think
       | I'd never have left), I don't desire their life AT ALL.
       | 
       | * Unlike for behaviors and social conventions, I don't think we
       | have so much freedom with things like diets. Humans do have some
       | hard dietary needs...
        
         | anovikov wrote:
         | Surely the romanticization happens with people who were on the
         | receiving end of the change. Not kids from poor towns in 3rd
         | world - they definitely have benefitted. But those who already
         | had it all - and now have to share it with everyone.
        
           | TimedToasts wrote:
           | It's not "sharing" if it's forced.
        
             | nathan_compton wrote:
             | Don't leave us hanging, my man, tell me what has been
             | forced!
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | One of the memes the Enlightenment established is the idea of
         | the "noble savage". If you want to learn more about it, that's
         | the search term for it. For instance, Wikipedia pops something
         | up that is a decent introduction:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble_savage
         | 
         | I find the memeset quite dehumanizing. "Savages", even putting
         | aside the baggage that term carries, are as fully human as the
         | "civilized", and as such, are as fully capable of the heights
         | of humanity and the full plumbing of the depths.
         | 
         | While I admit I have not seen the movie the author is talking
         | about, it sounds to me like it reeks of the "noble savage"
         | memeset. I'm sure there are wonderful parents in the more
         | primitive cultures (I think I can use that terminology in this
         | context, it just refers to their technology usage and not
         | humanity), but the primitive cultures also used to let unwanted
         | children die by exposure... and there was worse, too. Because
         | they're human, and as such, as prone to the heights and the
         | depths as the rest of us. The modern "civilized" world has all
         | the heights and the depths too; the civilized world is just
         | somewhat better at hiding the depths where other people won't
         | see it.
         | 
         | (Anyone who wants to complain about the terminology for "noble
         | savage" is invited to take it up with the rest of the world;
         | I'm just using the common name given to it. If it is not clear,
         | I am dripping with contempt for the meme and have no interest
         | in defending it in any form, name included.)
        
           | dexwiz wrote:
           | Yeah, it's pretty common. You can recognize supporters by:
           | 
           | - A call to return to a primarily agrarian culture.
           | 
           | - A claim that prehistoric humans were somehow in more
           | harmony with nature and their community.
           | 
           | - Focus on small, tribe like communities.
           | 
           | - Avoidance or downplay of any modern advantages like
           | medicine or logistics.
        
             | lmpdev wrote:
             | Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater though
             | 
             | While some may - as this thread make out - fall for that
             | archetypal trope; some of those elements are indeed worth
             | studying
             | 
             | For example, scientists don't place a huge effort on
             | documenting the peoples of Papua New Guinea for some weird
             | Exoticism. They genuinely provide unbridled access to
             | effectively untouched (from western influence) and highly
             | diverse groups. This access in turn is breeding ground for
             | anthropologic, historic and psychological theory
             | development and empirical studies
             | 
             | Don't fall into the trap of immediately disregarding
             | genuine areas of research due to previous experience with
             | these "noble savage" admirers
             | 
             | To go further with this example: western doctors and
             | researchers _immediately_ began to force PNG groups to stop
             | their burial rites after _finally_ discovering Kuru (deadly
             | prion disease) was being caused by some of their rites
             | (consumption of brain tissue after death)
             | 
             | You can both be an advocate for smaller cultures in
             | undeveloped areas without fetishising it and still support
             | modern medicine, science and logistics
        
               | dexwiz wrote:
               | I'm not saying don't study nonindustrial groups of
               | people. I agree there is real value in that. But the
               | noble savage is definitely a romanticization of these
               | cultures by industrialized societies.
        
             | noworriesnate wrote:
             | We tried raising a generation of babies without breastmilk
             | and discovered that doing so causes weak digestive tracts.
             | We have a huge problem with obesity, largely due to highly
             | processed foods that are optimized for profits. We have a
             | mental health crisis that is likely linked to social media
             | etc.
             | 
             | The reality is that nobody wants to completely go back to
             | the past. Nobody is protesting the use of soap or brushing
             | their teeth.
             | 
             | The real question is in which areas do we reject modern
             | technology? We should evaluate modern technology not as
             | fanboys but as mature humans. People think that the Amish
             | are hypocrites because they use diesel generators instead
             | of bringing electricity into their homes. But their
             | relationship with technology is mature: they decide as a
             | community which tech to use and which to avoid, instead of
             | being fanboys who think the only thing better than tech is
             | more of it.
             | 
             | I personally don't make the same tradeoffs the Amish do.
             | But I _do_ make tradeoffs. Saying that modern tech is
             | universally good is just as chronologically snobbish as
             | saying that the olden days were universally good.
        
               | dexwiz wrote:
               | I am not claiming industrialization is universally good.
               | Just that it is not universally bad.
               | 
               | And progress isn't a straight line. You can reject parts
               | without rejecting the whole.
        
       | ysofunny wrote:
       | how do we measure the aumont of information my head can
       | hallucinate out of 40 seconds of two babies interacting?
        
       | arrowsmith wrote:
       | "Watching Babies was just a small part of a regimen that included
       | close-reads of Emily Oster"
       | 
       | Tangential, but I find it harder to take this person seriously
       | knowing that they take Emily Oster seriously. Oster's book about
       | parenting is one of the dumbest things I've ever read.
        
         | ad wrote:
         | Would you mind continuing your tangent? I have a set of friends
         | who really like Oster and I don't know much about her. Feel
         | free to email me (address is in my profile) if you don't want
         | to discuss in these comments.
        
           | arrowsmith wrote:
           | See my sister comment in same thread.
        
         | thecrims0nchin wrote:
         | I wasn't aware she was controversial. Can you elaborate? I'm
         | genuinely curious
        
           | 1bent wrote:
           | I'd never heard of her, so I checked wikipedia. Try that.
        
             | thecrims0nchin wrote:
             | Thanks
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | The only thing that stands out as controversial about her
             | books was:
             | 
             | > _In the book [Expecting Better, 2013], Oster argues
             | against the general rule of thumb to avoid alcohol
             | consumption while pregnant, contends that there is no
             | evidence that (low) levels of alcohol consumption by
             | pregnant women adversely affect their children. This claim,
             | however, has drawn criticism from the National Organization
             | on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and others._
             | 
             | I don't have any strong opinion on the topic of the
             | claim[0], but the way it is reported as having "drawn
             | criticism from [Some National Organization Specializing in
             | Arguing the Opposite of the Claim]" in my experience
             | pattern-matches in favor of the claim.
             | 
             | So beyond that, what's exactly so controversial about her
             | books?
             | 
             | --
             | 
             | [0] - Like everyone, I've had "zero alcohol while pregnant
             | or breastfeeding" message drilled into me for decades, and
             | that's my prior, though I've personally heard an
             | experienced gynecologist, widely respected in the region,
             | giving pregnant women allowance for a small glass of
             | champagne for New Year's Eve...
        
               | vharuck wrote:
               | I've come to see "No alcohol while pregnant" as the
               | better simple rule. The alternative is "No more than X
               | drinks in a day, and no more then Y drinks over your
               | pregnancy." There will be a lot of people failing to
               | remember the numbers (especially after a drink), the
               | numbers vary by body type, the effects vary a lot between
               | pregnancies for no known reason, drinking impairs
               | decision-making, and the bad outcomes harm somebody
               | besides the mother.
               | 
               | Public health guidelines targeted at non-professionals
               | need to be simple. Same idea behind telling somebody who
               | just wants a retirement fund to park their money in a
               | managed portfolio, then ease those investments into safer
               | stuff close to retirement. You could totally explain
               | things in more detail, giving them more options and
               | better opportunities, but most people are likely to not
               | understand enough to safely do it. (I probably explained
               | it incorrectly, which would reinforce my point of the
               | general public's ignorance.)
        
               | rolisz wrote:
               | > Public health guidelines targeted at non-professionals
               | need to be simple.
               | 
               | And that's how you lose their trust. Just telling me to
               | do simple X when it's clear to me from my own experience
               | that sometimes not-X is better for me will make me think
               | your overly simplifying and that your advice is not to be
               | trusted, no matter your credentials.
        
           | arrowsmith wrote:
           | I could write a longer review but people on Goodreads have
           | already done it for me. Try going here and filtering for one-
           | star reviews, I agree with them all:
           | 
           | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40121328-cribsheet?ac=1&.
           | ..
           | 
           | It's a book for neurotic, middling-IQ soccer moms who obsess
           | over things that don't matter. Utterly vacuous.
        
             | alan-hn wrote:
             | Its no surprise that an economist cherry picked and used
             | anecdote to support their writing. It's one of the least
             | rigorous fields out there whose practitioners are primarily
             | used to green light whatever policy a politician deems
             | fashionable or appropriate
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | Indeed. Economics is the art of using meaningless
               | spreadsheets and number-crunching to justify the
               | decisions you were going to make anyway. Oster's book is
               | a great example of how.
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | It sounds like you're getting mad at someone for reading
               | Malcolm Gladwell or _Freakanomics_. It might be _NYT_
               | bestseller middlebrow pop science that you find facile
               | and contemptuous but a lot of people do not. And the
               | author doesn't even indicate how Oster informed his
               | parenting. Seems overly dismissive of the article.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | You're right, I regret my original, snide comment. It's
               | barely relevant to the article and I should have known it
               | would derail the thread.
               | 
               | Too late to undo it now, but lesson learned.
        
               | slothtrop wrote:
               | This is pretty disingenuous. Oster's book(s) is
               | tantamount to long-form data journalism, principally
               | citing research to criticize confidence in certain
               | notions rather than arguing for overconfidence in
               | another.
               | 
               | Much like nutrition and sociology, research can be
               | politically fraught, have lots of data points, etc. But
               | that's neither here nor there, either research is high
               | quality or it isn't, including in the domain of economy.
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | It's not that she is particularly 'controversial', it is that
           | she is biased and misleading.
           | 
           | She is an economist who wrote a book that misrepresents,
           | ignores and twists science what does know about childrearing
           | and then presents that with a high level of confidence.
        
             | slothtrop wrote:
             | This is a projection. Oster seems to do the opposite, cast
             | skepticism on overconfidence of certain ideals using data
             | as a guide, or criticizing the lack of it or the rigor of
             | studies leaned on.
        
           | bitshiftfaced wrote:
           | If I remember correctly, the tide began turning against her
           | when she advocated for reopening schools during covid. Also,
           | in her book, she concluded that there wasn't compelling
           | evidence for abstaining from drinking small amounts of
           | alcohol during pregnancy.
        
             | wisemang wrote:
             | Is there compelling evidence for that?
        
               | bitshiftfaced wrote:
               | I was under the impression that it's more a matter of how
               | this makes some folks extremely uncomfortable. From what
               | I've seen, they haven't been able to point to any good
               | evidence to the contrary, other than the general idea
               | that absence of evidence doesn't necessarily mean
               | evidence of absence. There's also the idea that some
               | expecting mothers might not care to understand the little
               | details and as a result take it as a pass to drink at
               | levels we know to be harmful.
        
         | yohannparis wrote:
         | I understand that many parents can feel anxious about even the
         | smallest things. For them, having a book that offers reassuring
         | advice can be very comforting. As long as the information in
         | these books is medically accurate, there's no harm in having
         | more resources that can help parents feel more at ease during
         | such a stressful time in their lives.
        
       | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
       | The author lists historic examples as counters to envisioned
       | idyllic childhoods (ex:kids working dangerous jobs). I think his
       | examples run into a few issues.
       | 
       | 1) His strongest examples of child death causes are highly local.
       | ex: Labor caused deaths. The opportunities for kids to work new,
       | dangerous jobs are local to that region. They're also local to
       | many other regions but the driver is corporations that are
       | headquartered in that region. Going back decade by decade, those
       | corporate presences are less and less.              ex: Health
       | caused deaths. What we know of historical child death rates comes
       | times/places when human population is the densest (when records
       | are better). Groups outside of this metric include per-European
       | indigenous people - people who's death rate skyrocketed when
       | Europeans appear in their lives. To be fair, I can't find data on
       | child deaths for per-discovered indigenous people. But absent two
       | massive drivers of disease death, lower death rates seem like a
       | thing that would be.
       | 
       | 2) The authors comparisons are super limited. The structure of
       | child development has taken many 10k years to socially evolve
       | _and_ it encompasses much of Earth 's landmass. His arguments
       | concentrate on the last two centuries of industrial nations. This
       | minuscule sliver doesn't represent ~100% of when and how
       | historical child development happened (commonly among paleolithic
       | peoples).
       | 
       | The author's piece isn't poorly written but I think it's value
       | about explaining how things really sucked for kids in some
       | places, 150 years ago. As far as ideal childhood environments go,
       | we need to look outside of the areas he's considering.
       | 
       | (one potential ex):
       | https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2018/06/09/6169288...
       | 
       | ref: I spend a lot of time thinking about Euro/US lives from my
       | birth back to 1800, because genealogy.
        
       | em-bee wrote:
       | just because attachment parenting uses historical or "primitive"
       | cultures as example to support it while there exists counter
       | examples from other historic or "primitive" cultures, doesn't
       | mean that the practice itself is a bad idea.
       | 
       | the article is not directly making that claim, but i feel it does
       | imply it.
       | 
       | but does that really matter?
       | 
       | what we really need to look at is how different parenting styles
       | affect children growing up. there isn't enough research on that
       | because the effects are subtle and hard to see.
       | 
       | it took me a few decades to understand how my childhood affected
       | me, and how i spend most of my life searching for the love that
       | my parents could not give me.
       | 
       | i have had the opportunity as a young man to observe different
       | parenting styles with friends, like lovingly involved dads but
       | also the crying out method of putting a baby to sleep, which to
       | me intuitively just felt cruel.
       | 
       | there is a lot of insecurity by young parents, so we tend to look
       | to others for help. our own parents of course and our community.
       | but in this modern times we also have access to examples from
       | other cultures as well as history, and i find it only natural
       | that we use those examples to support our beliefs. just because
       | counterexamples exist, doesn't mean those examples are wrong.
       | 
       | the counter argument is rather, if attachment parenting were
       | wrong, then we should not find any historic examples of it at
       | all. of course the same is true for the opposite, which is why
       | the truth is that we simply do not know enough yet about what is
       | really the best way to raise children. more research is
       | necessary. personally i feel that going with your own intuition
       | is a safe approach.
        
         | aym62SAE49CZ684 wrote:
         | A good way to figure out how we are "supposed" to parent might
         | be to study primates and other mammals.
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | That suggests strategies to test, but doesn't tell us if they
           | are _good_ strategies. (Risk of naturalistic fallacy.)
           | 
           | Compare to "what is the best way to walk" and then studying
           | gorillas. We might learn something, but we obviously should
           | not--heh-- _ape_ those evolutionary relatives. We 've had
           | more than enough time to develop our own separate-possibly
           | incompatible--situation and needs.
        
             | aym62SAE49CZ684 wrote:
             | Sure, I agree. Animals don't wear clothes either!
             | 
             | That said, sometimes you might want to take a chance and
             | not wait for the results of an experiment to be known.
             | ChatGPT calls this a "temporal dilemma".
        
           | GeoAtreides wrote:
           | oh man please don't study the lions
           | 
           | ...also, closer to us, definitely don't study the bonobos
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-06-13 23:02 UTC)