[HN Gopher] Boeing Starliner launches first crewed mission
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Boeing Starliner launches first crewed mission
        
       Author : helsinkiandrew
       Score  : 405 points
       Date   : 2024-06-05 15:04 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.co.uk)
        
       | rootusrootus wrote:
       | Interesting that this did not make HN at all before the launch.
       | There are way more cheerleaders for SpaceX than Boeing. But IMO
       | it's still very cool, I could watch rocket launches all day.
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | It made it before at least one of its other launch attempts,
         | IIRC.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | Uncrewed, yes.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_Orbital_Flight_Test_2
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | Everyone was excited for the one last time and I was around for
         | that, I didn't even realize it was happening today. I just
         | assumed it'd be delayed for another long period again.
        
           | malfist wrote:
           | I had the same issue. I thought it was postponed for a longer
           | period given the messaging from the last scrub.
           | 
           | I only knew it was launching 6 minutes prior because my
           | partner alerted me about it because it was top stream on
           | twitch.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > I didn't even realize it was happening today.
           | 
           | I did not, either. I tend to get most of my tech-related news
           | via HN. Fortunately this morning I decided to swing past Ars
           | to see if anything interesting was happening, and they had a
           | high profile post about the launch. I made it to the
           | livestream with less than five minutes to spare.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | 4 days ago. 48 comments:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40547338
         | 
         | Also 30 days ago.
        
         | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
         | Previous launch attempts did. But there are only so many
         | successive "launch was scrubbed" stories that are interesting.
        
         | api wrote:
         | This rocket is not reusable so it's kind of an antique.
        
           | hydrogen7800 wrote:
           | The rocket is not, but the crew module is intended to fly 10
           | times, and is compatible with several rockets including
           | falcon 9.
        
             | dotnet00 wrote:
             | It's 'compatible' in that they can do the work to integrate
             | it with another rocket if needed, which isn't really saying
             | much because most payloads are like that. It isn't
             | compatible with Falcon 9 in its current state, and IIRC
             | because it's wider than F9, actually flying Starliner on F9
             | would require a lot more structural work too (devising an
             | appropriate aerodynamic adapter and ensuring structural
             | loads are acceptable).
             | 
             | Plus, NASA crew rates the full stack rather than treating
             | the rocket and capsule separately, so integrating Starliner
             | on another rocket would require the crew rating process to
             | be repeated (granted, it'd be a bit easier since F9+Dragon
             | is already crew rated).
        
           | cma wrote:
           | The falcon with dragon is only partially reusable too (second
           | stage discarded). The space shuttle reused more but is more
           | of an antique so that's not a great determiner of
           | antiqueness.
        
             | tekla wrote:
             | So all the expensive parts. Got it
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | To be fair, SpaceX _is_ far more cheerworthy.
         | 
         | Does the Starliner have any feature that current SpaceX rockets
         | don't have?
        
           | MPSimmons wrote:
           | Not really. The biggest apparent difference in the user
           | experience is how the vehicle is commanded.
           | 
           | Here's a pic of the Starliner control panel: https://x.com/Tr
           | evorMahlmann/status/1207437431374565376/phot...
           | 
           | And Crew Dragon's control panel:
           | https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/30/21275753/nasa-spacex-
           | astr...
        
             | greenavocado wrote:
             | I shudder thinking about what would happen if a touch
             | action on the touchscreen would get stuck
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | There was a decent amount of concern within NASA on the
               | touchscreen design, but the contract type tended to force
               | those discussions to the sideline. In the end, NASA
               | wanted a ride and not to drive the design.
               | 
               | Edit: for those wondering, this is not hearsay or
               | speculation; it is from direct experience (albeit 5+
               | years ago)
        
               | Maxatar wrote:
               | The Dragon Crew has physical backup controls. The
               | touchscreen allows for a more interactive UI that you can
               | try out here:
               | 
               | https://iss-sim.spacex.com/
               | 
               | But the controls themselves have physical buttons in
               | addition to the touch screen.
               | 
               | Also all systems have triple redundancy.
        
           | starik36 wrote:
           | It does. It can (and will) land on land instead of water.
        
             | coolspot wrote:
             | Like Soyuz?
             | 
             | Interesting, why would they want that capability?
             | 
             | All Russian space vehicles land on land because they don't
             | have easy access to warm waters and Kazakhstan steppe is
             | big and empty.
             | 
             | But why boeing/nasa would want that?
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | Tradeoffs on the kind of refurbishment needed compared to
               | a splashdown, since Starliner is supposed to be reusable.
               | Plus stuff like faster extraction of time-sensitive
               | payloads and overall cheaper capsule processing
               | operations since you don't need specially fitted boats
               | chasing after the capsule.
               | 
               | Dragon was also initially intending to land on solid
               | ground, but dropped the idea when NASA asked for
               | additional tests to prove that popping landing legs out
               | of the heat shield would be safe. SpaceX had intended
               | such landings in large part because of the plans for Red
               | Dragon, but since by then they had started to shift
               | towards Starship, they deemed it easier to just
               | splashdown and deal with the extra refurbishment than try
               | to prove out a technology they no longer felt the need
               | for.
        
               | GMoromisato wrote:
               | Landing in water is bad for equipment--the salt water
               | tends to corrode, so refurbishing the capsule after a
               | water landing is a bit harder.
        
               | simplicio wrote:
               | Think the main reason is that sea-recoveries are
               | expensive compared to ones on land. I imagine there's at
               | least some extra risk to a sea recovery as well (one of
               | the Mercury capsules sank during recovery, though happily
               | not with its astronaut inside).
        
             | dave78 wrote:
             | Is that a feature or just a difference? I assume there's
             | trade-offs with both - is landing on land significantly
             | better?
        
               | starik36 wrote:
               | It's faster and more efficient, I think. You don't need a
               | fleet of ships to go out to the sea.
        
               | dave78 wrote:
               | Interesting to think about. I know Starliner lands in
               | Utah. I don't know where, but I'm guessing it's somewhere
               | very remote. I wonder if the effort to get out to the
               | ocean to recover a ship is significantly different than
               | getting to a remote part of the desert to recover.
               | 
               | Additionally, I know when the first Crew Dragon landed,
               | it clearly wasn't hard or expensive to get to given that
               | there were a bunch of small, private boats that
               | (inappropriately) approached the spacecraft. It was quite
               | close to shore, not like the old Apollo missions landing
               | in the middle of the Atlantic or Pacific.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | It has physical knobs and switches as opposed to relying on
           | touchscreens. I consider that a feature, although a minor
           | one.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | Are you an astronaut? Do astronauts prefer thousands of
             | physical knobs? Do you think they would fly if they weren't
             | happy?
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | I am not an astronaut. I prefer knobs. As my comment
               | said, I think of them as a feature. I think the average
               | astronaut would put up with their lack of preferred
               | control schemes to go into space.
        
             | dotnet00 wrote:
             | It is worth noting that Dragon does have physical controls,
             | they're just backups hidden under the panel below the
             | screens for emergencies. This is on top of the redundancy
             | offered by the screens, where if one screen fails, the same
             | controls are accessible on the other ones.
             | 
             | Plus, since it's supposed to fly autonomously, there isn't
             | a lot of physical control to be done. This isn't like with
             | cars where there's an argument that tactile controls are
             | easier to adjust without looking away from the road.
        
           | saberience wrote:
           | Starliner isn't even a rocket, it's a capsule. A capsule
           | (Starliner) got launched today on top of a really old rocket
           | design (Atlas V) which first launched in 2002...
        
           | imglorp wrote:
           | Yes, it can reboost the station. Dragon can't. Cygnus,
           | Dreamchaser, and Soyuz can reboost. This matters because the
           | station can't boost itself.
        
             | BurningFrog wrote:
             | Boost as in push it to a different orbit?
        
           | jimbobthrowawy wrote:
           | They also have better produced livestreams in general, making
           | it worth checking in in advance.
        
         | luuurker wrote:
         | How many times was this launch delayed due to problems? I get
         | excited, but can't stay excited for months.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | It was delayed three times in the month leading up to launch,
           | and there was an attempt just over a year ago that was
           | scratched because they discovered they accidentally used a
           | flammable material. So, four total times. But "staying
           | excited for months" is misleading.
        
             | starik36 wrote:
             | True, but you have to add previous attempts going back
             | several years. Wasn't Atlas+Starliner actually rolled out
             | to the pad last time only to be scrubbed and brought back
             | for another 6 month delay?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Yes, this GP's comment is very misleading in that it only
               | listed the recent scrubs. I almost felt sorry for the
               | astronauts.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | I listed all the ones I could find for the manned
               | mission. Did my list miss some?
        
               | starik36 wrote:
               | You are missing ones where it was scheduled, but didn't
               | even make it to the stand because some issue was found. I
               | can't recall when exactly, but at some point it was
               | discovered that the tape used to wrap wires was
               | flammable. So it was postponed, once again.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | That was July 6th last year. It was one of the 4 I
               | mentioned.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | you definitely missed some...
               | 
               | "Although it was originally planned for a 2017
               | launch,[15] various delays pushed the launch back to no
               | earlier than July 2023.[47] Then on June 1, 2023, Boeing
               | announced the flight was indefinitely delayed, due to
               | problems with the parachute harness and flammable tape on
               | wiring.[105] On August 7, 2023, Boeing announced that it
               | was resuming preparations for a launch, and that it hoped
               | to resolve the issue with the flammable tape by September
               | 2023, and to address the parachute harness issues by
               | November 2023.
               | 
               | The Crewed Flight Test was tentatively scheduled for a
               | launch date of May 6, 2024,[106] but due to a problem
               | with an oxygen valve on the ULA Atlas rocket, the May 6
               | launch date was cancelled approximately two hours before
               | the planned launch time.[107] The launch has been further
               | delayed due to a helium leak in the Starliner service
               | module, which was originally discovered during the May 6
               | launch attempt.[108][109]
               | 
               | A launch was attempted on June 1, 2024, for 16:25 UTC
               | (12:25 PM EDT), but was aborted at 3 minutes and 50
               | seconds prior to liftoff. Starliner successfully
               | completed countdown and lifted off on June 5, 2024 at
               | 14:52 UTC (10:52 AM EDT)."
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_Starliner#Third_orbi
               | tal...
        
             | idontwantthis wrote:
             | The time more than a year before that when it was scrubbed
             | for a stuck valve that I don't think they ever fixed and
             | decided it can still fly.
        
         | dotnet00 wrote:
         | It's been delayed so many times after getting very close to
         | launch that it makes sense that everyone just lost interest.
         | 
         | On top of that Boeing's launch coverage is nowhere near as
         | fancy as SpaceX (or new space in general, RocketLab and Blue
         | Origin also tend to have pretty decent coverage, although
         | neither of them are doing crewed orbital spaceflight yet). No
         | views of the non-flight-control employees enjoying seeing their
         | work fly, very little live telemetry, low resolution for when
         | they do have live video, mostly CGI views once down to the
         | second stage, no live views from the capsule in space either.
         | 
         | Finally, on top of that, Starliner is kind of just a dead end
         | in its current state. Boeing only built the two it needs for
         | this one contract, and it only flies on Atlas V, which are
         | fully sold out now. So it can only do the 6 contracted ISS
         | missions and then it's done until someone is willing to pay to
         | have Starliner+Vulcan Centaur crew rated.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | > Boeing only built the two it needs for this one contract,
           | and it only flies on Atlas V, which are fully sold out now.
           | So it can only do the 6 contracted ISS missions and then it's
           | done until someone is willing to pay to have Starliner+Vulcan
           | Centaur crew rated.
           | 
           | This is what I like about SpaceX. Of course they have
           | government contracts, but it's always building towards
           | something bigger.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | I was really unimpressed with Boeing's feed and its lack of
           | telemetry. No indications of altitude, speed, distance down
           | range, etc. Even their timeline jumped rather than
           | progressed. It was worse than some of those old Windows
           | progress bars of old.
        
         | FireBeyond wrote:
         | There was an article when the launch was scrubbed two days ago,
         | but it didn't make much traction, and the few comments on it
         | were (as objectively as possible) mostly "smirking SpaceX
         | fans".
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Objectively dissing on Boeing has become it's own pastime
           | regardless of being a fan of anything else
        
             | protastus wrote:
             | There is no schadenfreude for the people in my circle. The
             | same can be said for Intel.
             | 
             | We all see it as a huge national security issue that these
             | companies are fumbling, given how foundational they are for
             | U.S. security, self-reliance and tech leadership.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | There's no pleasure in Boeing's failure on my part
               | either. It is such a learning moment on many levels that
               | is absolutely being ignored. No meaningful changes are
               | going to come from looking at Boeing. Instead, my
               | cynicism would expect people to "learn" from it in seeing
               | where Boeing went wrong with how they went for short term
               | gains not that focusing on short term gains as the
               | problem
        
       | nytesky wrote:
       | Gallows humor on the livestream chat: bet NASA will get another
       | movie out of this.
        
       | dave78 wrote:
       | Sounds like there's a problem with the cooling system using more
       | water than expected. If I understood the comms correctly it
       | sounded like they switched to a backup system to try to alleviate
       | the issue.
        
       | wannacboatmovie wrote:
       | I find it amazing that this is treated as such a trivial
       | achievement, with an attitude as if any one of us could have done
       | this. Now back to our regularly scheduled social media apps.
        
         | Cacti wrote:
         | HN is too busy in other threads pontificating about a merger
         | from 30 years ago that they know next to nothing about.
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | Not trivial, but also not consequential.
        
         | saberience wrote:
         | It's a nice new capsule launching on top of a 20+ year old
         | launch system (Atlas V).
         | 
         | It's a great accomplishment but it's not "super crazy"
        
           | malfist wrote:
           | It took them a decade and a half to make this thing. I think
           | that alone speaks to the complexity of this achievement.
        
             | saberience wrote:
             | I'm not shitting on Starliner, it's great that we have
             | another person-rated capsule for spaceflight.
             | 
             | I'm just pointing this out because there are many people
             | apparently who are confusing Starliner for Boeing's version
             | of Starship, i.e. a whole rocket plus crew rated capsule.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Starliner would be more rightly compared to Crew Dragon.
               | Why would anyone compare to Starship?
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | The names are very similar.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | Well, "ocean liner" means a large oceangoing ship,
               | "airliner" means large airplane, so people could be
               | forgiven for thinking a "starliner" was a large spaceship
               | and not a tiny pod.
        
               | indoordin0saur wrote:
               | But Star Dingy doesn't have the same ring to it.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | Haha zodiac would be a good fit, though.
        
             | wubrr wrote:
             | Let's not forget that this is modern Boeing we're talking
             | about... the long timeline could just be incompetence.
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | How long did it take Spacex to develop their human rated
             | capsule? I think that was 10+ years as well
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Depends on what you consider starting. 16 years is
               | probably the most reasonable number, but you could argue
               | for as little as 6.
               | 
               | Initial work on Dragon began in 2004, it 'entered
               | service' in 2009, had its first mission in 2010, but
               | first connected to the ISS in 2012.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon
               | 
               | Work on a crewed version was officially mentioned in 2006
               | though they only got a contract for manned missions in
               | 2014 and the first manned mission was 16 November 2020.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-1
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | IIRC it took SpaceX ~7 years.
               | 
               | It's kind of useful perspective that when the contracts
               | for this were being awarded, Boeing argued that SpaceX
               | shouldn't get the contract at all because Boeing, having
               | "human spaceflight heritage", was guaranteed to do the
               | better job than an inexperienced upstart. Plus the extra
               | $400M they extorted out of NASA despite this being a
               | fixed price, milestone based contract.
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > when the contracts for this were being awarded, Boeing
               | argued that SpaceX shouldn't get the contract at all
               | because Boeing, having "human spaceflight heritage", was
               | guaranteed to do the better job than an inexperienced
               | upstart.
               | 
               | I think it's useful to note that this wasn't just
               | Boeing's opinion - it was pretty widely believed in the
               | industry. And not without reason - Boeing had _Shuttle_
               | heritage.
               | 
               | Thankfully, NASA kept both awards.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | It wan't an inaccurate assessment. SpaceX was working on
               | life support for a crewed module 14+ years before their
               | first successful manned launch. IE: It took them longer
               | than Boeing.
               | 
               | However the missing context is SpaceX put in 8+ years
               | into the project before getting the award which offset
               | most of the issues.
               | 
               | So it worked out well for NASA, but SpaceX was
               | approaching it more as a prestige project than a
               | profitable one.
        
               | boxed wrote:
               | They got the contracts at the same time, and Boeing has
               | been building rockets since the 60s...
        
               | perihelions wrote:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17509988 ( _"
               | Internally, NASA believes Boeing ahead of SpaceX in
               | commercial crew"_ (2018))
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | In retrospect those defending Boeing there and attacking
               | SpaceX (and Eric Berger's reporting) are just hilarious.
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | Its Hacker News Dropbox over and over and over again.
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | It took them a decade and a half because Boeing learned the
             | hard way that you have to actually be efficient when you
             | don't get a cost plus contract. Their entire system was
             | setup to extract as much money from the government as
             | possible, not to deliver product on time.
             | 
             | Late and over a budget is how you maximize profit in cost
             | plus contracts.
        
             | elteto wrote:
             | Yes, one year for each unnecessary layer of middle
             | management at Boeing.
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | it speaks to the lamentable state of boeing
        
         | idontwantthis wrote:
         | I think it is materially less exciting than it would have been
         | if it had launched years ago when it was scheduled to. It
         | provides competition with SpaceX in one very small niche of
         | space travel with no applications to any other niche. Meanwhile
         | SpaceX is building a Mars rocket with in flight refueling. I
         | really wish they did have more competition, and I also hope
         | they succeed.
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | I think one of the challenges (and let's be really clear,
           | Boeing has MANY issues) is that there's a double standard (or
           | at least different expectations).
           | 
           | How many SpaceX rockets and failures have there been? (And
           | that's not a knock on SpaceX, either - this stuff is hard.
           | Combining precision and technology with 'controlled
           | explosion' is going to be a challenge).
           | 
           | But as a NASA person said - NASA-funded contracts "can't"
           | have failures. They obviously do, but he was more talking to
           | the acceptability, political and otherwise. One or two
           | launchpad explosions of a taxpayer funded vehicle and you're
           | fighting Congressional demands to shut down the entire
           | program. SpaceX provides a layer of abstraction and
           | indirection to that, so they can move faster - "Who cares if
           | we blow up 10 in the next couple of years to get to one that
           | works".
        
             | ragebol wrote:
             | Boeing and SpaceX are both not NASA, so same level of
             | indirection. If Boeing went the iterative route with some
             | failed experimental launches, that could/should be just as
             | acceptable.
             | 
             | But they didn't, they went for the first time right
             | approach, but that failed too. If you are going to have
             | failures, maybe just accept that first time right doesn't
             | exist, or just takes much much longer.
        
             | theultdev wrote:
             | Well, that's how you build rockets successfully.
             | 
             | Either you make fast iteration acceptable, regardless of
             | politics, or you fail.
             | 
             | It's not just political process either, it's the technical
             | process. You need to be able to debug, fix, and manufacture
             | the iterations quickly.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | No, I totally agree. I'm talking about the mindset
               | difference. I'm not saying "SpaceX is 'cheating'" or
               | anything like that. Just the mindset differences are
               | leading to what we see here in terms of iteration
               | cadence.
        
             | caconym_ wrote:
             | I think you're conflating the way SpaceX is developing
             | Starship with the way the rest of their business operates
             | (and _has_ operated). Their Falcon rockets (i.e. the ones
             | they actually sell launches on) have an outstanding
             | reliability record, and the Dragon 2 development program
             | (the direct analogue to Starliner) didn 't lose any test
             | missions. IIRC the only major hardware loss was during a
             | static fire test of the abort motors on the capsule, which
             | is unfortunate, but not so far out of the ordinary.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | It's not about the specific program, it's about the
               | overall perspective.
               | 
               | Looking at https://www.space.com/every-spacex-starship-
               | explosion-lesson...
               | 
               | there have been many many prototype and other losses. And
               | incidents, some catastrophic, some less so.
               | 
               | SN1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15 and the orbital Starship
               | launch attempt all had failures losing hardware. If
               | NASA/publicly funded work had that many failures (or a
               | fraction of them) there'd be Congressional enquiries and
               | calls to shut down the program and stop burning tax
               | dollars.
        
               | caconym_ wrote:
               | You are simply underlining my point that your perspective
               | is disproportionately (and inappropriately, in this
               | context) focused on the Starship program, which is
               | completely irrelevant to NASA's Commercial Crew program.
               | 
               | It's true that SpaceX enjoys more latitude to destroy
               | test hardware in its private development programs that
               | aren't funded with somebody else's money (public or
               | private), but why is that relevant here? Commercial Crew
               | was funded by NASA with public money, and SpaceX
               | developed Dragon 2 in a relatively conservative and
               | conventional program with NASA looking over their
               | shoulder the whole time. There is no double standard.
        
               | Aaargh20318 wrote:
               | Different design philosophy. Those launches were expected
               | to fail. None of those were a finished product. It's more
               | like "let's see how far we can get with what we have
               | built so far".
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | What are you even talking about? NASA has directly
               | publicly funded Starship development to the tune of ~4
               | Billion with the Artemis Moonlander contract and
               | extension.
               | 
               | The overall perspective is that SpaceX developed their
               | crewed capsule much much faster and cheaper than Boeing.
               | The data also indicates that flying with SpaceX is safer.
               | 
               | Congress doesn't care about buring tax dollars as long as
               | it is spent in their districts. Otherwise Artemis and SLS
               | wouldn't exist.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | If NASA had that many failures while working on a program
               | explicitly not intended to experience failures and it
               | wasn't being run by Boing, Lockmart or any other defense
               | contractor that has Congress in its pockets, yeah, they'd
               | be getting hell from Congress. But, NASA did used to work
               | on regular old development programs akin to Starship,
               | where perceived failure was completely acceptable to push
               | understanding. For example, there were the Ranger series
               | of lunar impactors, the first 6 of which all failed in
               | various ways, and of course they blew up plenty of
               | rockets and rocket engines back then too.
               | 
               | The issue isn't "burning tax dollars". Congress is too
               | busy selling out the country's future to give a shit
               | about that. The issue is that they'd already rather not
               | be giving any money to NASA in the first place. They'd
               | just give the defense contractors tax payer funded
               | 'donations' directly if they could.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _there have been many many prototype and other losses_
               | 
               | SpaceX has an assembly line in Hawthorne and test site in
               | Texas. (Both send kit to the space coast for launch.)
               | 
               | The reliability of what comes out of the former exceed's
               | Boeing's. The innovativeness of what comes out of the
               | latter exceeds them once again. Muddling statistics
               | between the two would be like considering Boeing's
               | experimental drones when measuring its commercial
               | airliners' reliability. They're totally different
               | departments.
        
             | somenameforme wrote:
             | The Falcon 9 is, by a wide margin, the most reliable rocket
             | ever built. It's had 341 successful launches and 2
             | failures. The Atlas V (what is flying on this mission) has
             | had 99 successes and 1 failure. It's also slightly
             | misleading, because its first stage is using a Russian made
             | RD-180 engine. And similarly the SLS (another Boeing et al
             | project) is literally using the exact same engines (RS-25)
             | that the Space Shuttle used.
             | 
             | So SpaceX is the only company truly innovating on all
             | fields, has the highest launch success rate, highest launch
             | cadence, the most capable rockets, and launches for far
             | cheaper than any other company (or country).
        
             | nordsieck wrote:
             | > I think one of the challenges (and let's be really clear,
             | Boeing has MANY issues) is that there's a double standard
             | (or at least different expectations).
             | 
             | > How many SpaceX rockets and failures have there been?
             | (And that's not a knock on SpaceX, either - this stuff is
             | hard. Combining precision and technology with 'controlled
             | explosion' is going to be a challenge).
             | 
             | IMO, this really misunderstands the two kinds of "tests".
             | 
             | SpaceX is engaged in a development program. And as a part
             | of that development program, they're doing test flights to
             | discover how to properly build Starship. Those flights are
             | expected to fail in various ways. The exact way they fail
             | gives SpaceX vital information that's used to improve the
             | rocket.
             | 
             | A big part of the reason SpaceX is doing this is because
             | simulation and modeling have a limited ability to give good
             | answers to questions about novel behaviors when it comes to
             | rockets - the speeds and just too high. And the only way to
             | find the true unknown unknowns is to interact with reality.
             | 
             | In contrast, Starliner's tests are supposed to be
             | demonstrations that the system is complete, functional, and
             | ready for service. They are not supposed to have anything
             | wrong with them at all.
             | 
             | It's worth pointing out that Boeing chose to do less
             | testing and more paperwork as part of Starliner's
             | certification. If Boeing had done an in-flight abort test
             | instead of a pad abort test like SpaceX did, they probably
             | would have caught the OFT-1 problems then.
        
         | rainyMammoth wrote:
         | Yeah for some reason when SpaceX did it we couldn't stop
         | hearing about it. When OldTech does it, nobody cares.
        
           | freeopinion wrote:
           | Quick, without cheating, can you name the second human being
           | to run a mile in less than four minutes? Can you name the
           | current world record holder?
           | 
           | I guess that most people in my small town don't know who
           | Roger Bannister is. A lot more of them can tell you the name
           | of the first local to officially run a mile in less than four
           | minutes. They couldn't tell you if anybody from my state has
           | done it since.
           | 
           | I guess that's just a long way to say, "That's natural."
        
           | chgs wrote:
           | If old tech had done it 5 years ago then that would have been
           | newsworthy.
           | 
           | The first jet flight across the Atlantic was newsworthy. The
           | 837th isn't.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Every one of the thousands of brain surgeries and heart surgery
         | are also remarkable.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | At some point we'll have to think of it as trivial, otherwise
         | what progress are we making?
        
           | falcor84 wrote:
           | Unlike science (and particularly math) where everything is
           | trivial unless novel, in most endeavors these are too
           | separate axes. For example, there's no progress or novelty in
           | a sports team winning a championship, but it's definitely not
           | trivial to win. Same for an engineering project - there are
           | many cathedrals out there, but building a new one never
           | became trivial.
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | Let's say: if you can just open the manual and start
             | building, then it is trivial.
             | 
             | We've built many rockets, there are numerous resources
             | about building one, so building rockets is trivial.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Building a new Falcon 9 is trivial - spacex as built a
               | lot already and knows how (or so we assume). However that
               | is only true if you use the existing design as is. Change
               | anything about the design (which we can assume spacex is
               | doing from time to time) makes it non-trivial.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | Only if you threw away all the tooling and knowledge of
               | the previous design and started from scratch.
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > Let's say: if you can just open the manual and start
               | building, then it is trivial.
               | 
               | > We've built many rockets, there are numerous resources
               | about building one, so building rockets is trivial.
               | 
               | Except that you're wrong.
               | 
               | Because it's very common for the first launch of a
               | company's first orbital rocket to fail to make it to
               | orbit. So you can't "just open the manual and start
               | building".
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | > Because it's very common for the first launch of a
               | company's first orbital rocket to fail to make it to
               | orbit.
               | 
               | It is also very common for the first pancake to be a
               | total failure.
               | 
               | That doesn't mean it is non-trivial to make pancakes.
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > It is also very common for the first pancake to be a
               | total failure.
               | 
               | I guess, it depends on what you mean by "total failure".
               | 
               | It's very rare for the first pancake to be inedible, or
               | basically anything except a little misshapen. As someone
               | who's primary interested in pancakes is eating them,
               | that's a far cry from "total failure".
               | 
               | But if that is your criteria, there's a very simple and
               | effective solution: ring molds. They cost a couple of
               | dollars on Amazon and guarantee that your pancakes will
               | be perfect circles every time.
               | 
               | In contrast, there is no known way to ensure that a first
               | rocket launch will be a success. If there was, the
               | companies launching them would do it since failed
               | launches are extremely expensive in time, money, and
               | reputation.
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | > Now back to our regularly scheduled social media apps.
         | 
         | "Ask not what flying cars can do for you; ask what 140
         | characters can do for your country." [0,1]
         | 
         | "We choose to go to LEO. We choose to go to LEO... We choose to
         | go to LEO in this decade and do the other things, not because
         | they are easy, but so that MIC will learn to build without
         | cost-plus contracting" [2, 3]
         | 
         | 0.
         | https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/education/teachers/curricul...
         | 
         | 1. https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/697729-we-wanted-flying-
         | car...
         | 
         | 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon
         | 
         | 3. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cost-plus-contract.asp
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Rocket-science is just Newtonian physics ;)
        
         | urda wrote:
         | Rocket science isn't easy, I would know.
        
         | barryrandall wrote:
         | It's not trivial, but it's less interesting than the other news
         | stories about Boeing.
        
       | tibbydudeza wrote:
       | What a relief for NASA and Boeing and a welcome sight for me
       | personally as a space enthusiast - hopefully this will inspire
       | the folks at SpaceX to get StarShip working.
        
         | ozr wrote:
         | Have they not been though?
        
         | saberience wrote:
         | Starliner vs Starship isn't really a valid comparison.
         | Starliner is a new human carrying capsule which is fitted on
         | top of an old rocket. Starship is a 100% brand new everything
         | rocket and person carrying spaceship with ground breaking tech,
         | lift capacity, full reusability, thrust, payload capacity, etc
         | etc.
         | 
         | The rocket used to launch Starliner today is an Atlas V which
         | first flew in 2002. I.e. it's a 22 year old rocket system.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > The rocket used to launch Starliner today is an Atlas V
           | which first flew in 2002. I.e. it's a 24 year old rocket
           | system.
           | 
           | Are you posting from 2026?
        
           | tibbydudeza wrote:
           | But with continuous development with Vulcan Centaur engines
           | replacing the Russian RD-180.
        
             | T-A wrote:
             | Atlas V
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_V
             | 
             | has a first stage powered by the Russian RD-180 engine
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RD-180
             | 
             | and a Centaur upper stage powered by RL10 engines
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RL10
             | 
             | Vulcan Centaur
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_Centaur
             | 
             | has a first stage powered by Blue Origin's BE-4 engines
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BE-4
             | 
             | and a second stage known as Centaur V. It's an upgraded
             | version of the Centaur, also powered by RL10 engines
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centaur_(rocket_stage)#Centau
             | r...
             | 
             | Vulcan has only flown once, in part because of slow
             | delivery of BE-4 engines, which to date have not powered
             | any other launcher (though they are meant to eventually
             | power New Glenn).
             | 
             | So I don't know what you mean by "Vulcan Centaur engines
             | replacing the Russian RD-180".
        
             | syncsynchalt wrote:
             | Vulcan-Centaur is the rocket that replaces Atlas V.
             | 
             | The BE-4 is the engine on Vulcan-Centaur's booster stage,
             | which replaces the RD-180 on the Atlas V booster stage.
             | Both Atlas V and Vulcan use RL-10 engines on their main
             | stage (what ULA calls Centaur).
             | 
             | And to add more confusion, the new engine for Ariane 5/6 is
             | the "Vulcain". :D
        
         | ta1243 wrote:
         | Starliner is the Boeing equivalent of Falcon/Crew Dragon which
         | has been used for years.
        
         | croddin wrote:
         | Starship launch attempt is tomorrow, great week for space!
        
         | Narishma wrote:
         | Starliner's competitor from SpaceX is Dragon, not Starship.
        
       | wood_spirit wrote:
       | This is a bit meta, but is it surprising that the BBC news
       | website is the go-to source for a broad range of news stories
       | that end up on HN? What and where are the competition?
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | It's politically neutral and generally less opinionated.
         | Competition is reuters, AP, other public media such as canadian
         | tv, france24 etc.
        
           | jibe wrote:
           | There are plenty of reasonable US sources, NY Times, WaPo,
           | WSJ, but they are all paywalled.
        
             | imabotbeep2937 wrote:
             | WaPo, "reasonable". Ha. Or cut to WSJ and NYT on Theranos,
             | SBF, and the other huxters they've shilled for with zero
             | journalism lately. All US news is completely biased garbage
             | in various ways.
             | 
             | I caught NPR recently cutting and pasting a white house
             | press release with zero journalism or commentary. Or their
             | health blog which now routinely has stories like
             | "measurements of height have historically been uses to
             | marginalize short people, should doctors even measure it
             | anymore?"
             | 
             | I literally only get my news from what I randomly hear off
             | forums like this. And I guarantee I'll beat anyone on a
             | quiz of actual facts about world news. (e.g. after SBF was
             | convicted, not before.)
        
               | knowaveragejoe wrote:
               | > And I guarantee I'll beat anyone on a quiz of actual
               | facts about world news. (e.g. after SBF was convicted,
               | not before.)
               | 
               | Put your money where your mouth is - prediction markets
               | or some other fair debate. I personally would take the
               | other side of that bet if contrarianism is your default.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | AFP as well
        
           | closewith wrote:
           | The BBC is not politically neutral. It's the legal propaganda
           | arm of the British State.
        
             | imabotbeep2937 wrote:
             | To take a stance much more suited to this forum. It's a
             | massive travesty that without some work Americans are now
             | redirected to BBC.com, which curates news to be American-
             | facing, and thus IMHO bows to advertiser pressure. We can't
             | see BBC.co.UK, so we can't know what the other side of the
             | news even looks like.
             | 
             | All news services do this. And it already fragments and
             | destroys and hope of really talking about the news in a
             | healthy manner IMHO.
        
             | knowaveragejoe wrote:
             | Cool it with the histrionics.
        
               | closewith wrote:
               | It's not histrionics. It's the State-funded broadcaster
               | whose Director-General is a political appointee.
               | 
               | It might not be obvious to those within the UK or maybe
               | further afield if reading articles on relatively neutral
               | topics like science or climate, but the BBC is a bulwark
               | of UK Government political influence and Oxbridge
               | sensibilities.
        
         | airstrike wrote:
         | Bloomberg and WSJ (but not the opinion pieces) are my default
         | sources
        
       | ein0p wrote:
       | As exciting as this is, I've read that this capsule faces
       | uncertain future after 7 launches: the rocket it was launched on
       | is retired, and while it's compatible with Falcon it's not clear
       | what the advantage would be wrt SpaceX's capsule to warrant
       | additional testing. Imagine working on something for over a
       | decade only to see it fly just 7 times!
        
         | bitcharmer wrote:
         | The main goal of the project has been achieved as far as Boeing
         | is concerned :)
        
         | dotnet00 wrote:
         | It isn't compatible with Falcon, it can be made to be
         | compatible with Falcon in the future. It wouldn't really be
         | worth doing though, since part of the point of having two
         | providers is dissimilar redundancy, so that any issues with one
         | platform don't affect the other. It's more likely that if
         | Boeing wants to keep flying Starliner after using up the stock
         | of Atlas Vs, they'll want to integrate it on Vulcan Centaur
         | rather than Falcon.
        
           | nickff wrote:
           | One might imagine that an issue could be found on Dragon,
           | which grounded it, but not the Falcon 9. That said, it's
           | definitely less redundant than one might like.
        
         | glenstein wrote:
         | >Imagine working on something for over a decade only to see it
         | fly just 7 times!
         | 
         | Huh? My understanding was that something unique about the
         | falcon is the capability of multiple reuses, in contrast to
         | previous missions that were one and done uses. What past
         | experience in the history of spaceflight might someone be
         | referring to where seven reuses registers as a disappointment?
        
           | jdminhbg wrote:
           | This is about the entire lifespan of the Starliner program,
           | not just one piece of hardware.
        
           | ein0p wrote:
           | It did not launch on Falcon. Once the current stock of
           | rockets it did launch on runs out they will have no launch
           | vehicle.
        
             | nordsieck wrote:
             | > Once the current stock of rockets it did launch on runs
             | out they will have no launch vehicle.
             | 
             | Exactly.
             | 
             | Just to elaborate for your parent, the Atlas V which
             | currently flies Starliner uses an RD-180 engine that's
             | manufactured in Russia. ULA is no longer able to procure
             | any more such engines, and a rocket with those engines are
             | no longer legally allowed to fly DoD payloads. Which
             | prompted ULA to retire Atlas V in favor of Vulcan.
             | 
             | I think someone from ULA or Boeing (I forget which)
             | recently said that they've begun the process of certifying
             | Starliner on Vulcan, although I'll have to go back and make
             | sure I remember exactly what was said.
        
           | asadotzler wrote:
           | They won't reuse any Starliners 7 times. Twice is more
           | likely. Three times reuse, perhaps. They can't refub in time
           | to send the same craft up twice in a year as required by the
           | contract so they'll need at least two. If anything goes wrong
           | with either of those, they'll need a backup. Now they've got
           | three for 6 flights. These vehicles will get one, two, or at
           | best 3 launches and then retired to the scrap heap while
           | SpaceX Dragon continues to ferry people to the ISS if it gets
           | an extension and if not then to the first private orbital
           | stations. Boeing should never again get a NASA contract after
           | SLS and Starliner.
        
         | asadotzler wrote:
         | "The capsule" here means a decade of R&D and half a decade
         | building production models. If turnaround is about 6-8 months,
         | they're going to need at least two and I'll bet they build
         | three or more because reuse and refurb won't go as well as they
         | hope.
         | 
         | That means about 10 years of R&D since they got the initial
         | contracts and then about half a decade of production for the
         | flight articles and then a wind-down of a couple years and a
         | skeleton crew to make the last few flights.
         | 
         | A 15-20 year project that sends dozens of people to space for
         | the last years of the ISS's lifetime is not going to be a
         | disappointment for 95% of the people who worked on this.
        
           | ein0p wrote:
           | I don't think you understand. It's not 7 launches per
           | capsule. There could be 7 launches in total for this.
        
         | spacemark wrote:
         | >Imagine working on something for over a decade only to see it
         | fly just 7 times!
         | 
         | Haha, I'm guessing you don't work in the space industry.
         | Frankly if something you work on gets to space at all you count
         | yourself fortunate. My first job was at a defense contractor
         | working on a big rocket. A senior engineer on our team had a
         | picture of the Indiana Jones warehouse on the wall in his
         | office, rows and rows of boxes. I asked him why, he said it's a
         | reminder to not get too stressed about work - 9 out of 10
         | projects will never fly.
         | 
         | Things are changing especially in the new space corners of the
         | industry, but for big projects requiring political will I think
         | it's still the same.
        
           | nordsieck wrote:
           | > My first job was at a defense contractor working on a big
           | rocket.
           | 
           | Out of curiosity, were you working on one of the Ares
           | rockets?
        
         | mbonnet wrote:
         | Having more than one thing capable of doing something is an
         | advantage in a field as uncertain as spaceflight.
        
         | Reubachi wrote:
         | I have spent years building cars that ran once, twice to great
         | effect/happiness of all involed.
         | 
         | Getting to space SEVEN times off one poweplant/project is
         | nothing short of incredible.
        
           | happyopossum wrote:
           | > Getting to space SEVEN times off one poweplant/project
           | 
           | Sure, if you ignore the 20+ year old Atlas V that actually
           | launched it...
        
       | fiftyfifty wrote:
       | It's crazy the US could soon have up to 5 different
       | spacecraft/launch systems that can take humans to orbit with 2
       | more in development:
       | 
       | Falcon 9 + Dragon, SLS + Orion, Atlas V (Vulcan Centaur) +
       | Starliner
       | 
       | Close to orbital payload launch, likely human rated in the
       | future: Vulcan Centaur + Dream Chaser, Superheavy + Starship
       | 
       | Under development: New Glenn + Space Vehicle (?), Neutron
        
         | ragebol wrote:
         | Is neutron to be man rated?
        
           | fiftyfifty wrote:
           | Rocket Lab mentions "human spaceflight" on the Neutron page,
           | that's the only mention I've seen of it. I haven't seen any
           | plans for a spacecraft for carrying humans or how they might
           | handle re-entry.
           | 
           | https://www.rocketlabusa.com/launch/neutron/
        
           | nordsieck wrote:
           | > Is neutron to be man rated?
           | 
           | Yes and no.
           | 
           | It's probably more accurate to say "human ratable". They're
           | planning on designing the rocket with human rating in mind,
           | so that if they want to do it in the future, it'll be easier.
           | 
           | But NASA doesn't human rate a rocket - they human rate the
           | entire system as a whole, so it doesn't really make sense to
           | say "human rate Neutron".
        
             | dotnet00 wrote:
             | I wonder how that's supposed to work with their unique
             | captive fairing design. Feels like they'd have to design
             | crew flight specific boosters which don't have the
             | fairings.
        
         | nordsieck wrote:
         | > likely human rated in the future: Vulcan Centaur + Dream
         | Chaser
         | 
         | IMO, this one is the least likely.
         | 
         | There are _a lot_ of problems that need to be over come for
         | Dream Chaser to be crew rated. And AFAIK, they aren 't getting
         | NASA money to do it.
        
           | sho_hn wrote:
           | > There are a lot of problems that need to be over come for
           | Dream Chaser to be crew rated.
           | 
           | Intriguing. Can you elaborate?
        
             | dotnet00 wrote:
             | IIRC one of the big ones is that of how the crew is
             | supposed to board the vehicle. Cargo Dreamchaser is
             | launched in a fairing so that its aerodynamics don't matter
             | on the way up. This is fine because the cargo can be loaded
             | prior to payload integration. But that won't work if
             | they're carrying crew.
        
             | JanSolo wrote:
             | Star Liner has all the same problems that the Space Shuttle
             | had. In an emergency, how do you get the crew out safely?
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > Star Liner has all the same problems that the Space
               | Shuttle had. In an emergency, how do you get the crew out
               | safely?
               | 
               | Starliner has a launch abort system; the Shuttle did not.
               | 
               | From what I understand, they use a very powerful rocket
               | (much more powerful than Crew Dragon) to get the capsule
               | far away from the booster. I guess it can get far enough
               | away that NASA is satisfied that falling bits of burning
               | SRB aren't a danger to the parachutes.
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | During the Starline abort test only 2 of the 3 parachutes
               | opened, and that was a _pad_ abort test - no SRBs!! NASA
               | not only calling that a  "success", but a sufficient
               | success to move onto crewed testing was about the moment
               | I lost all faith in Bridenstine being different.
               | _Immediately_ after leaving office he picked up a cushy
               | consulting type gigs for various aerospace /defense
               | companies (aka Boeing et al). Shocker.
               | 
               | For those who might not know SRB = solid rocket booster.
               | Boeing uses them, SpaceX doesn't. An SRB is basically
               | like a giant firecracker. You light it and it starts
               | burning and doesn't stop until its done. It poses
               | substantial safety concerns in the case of an accident
               | where you need to abort the flight. But they're cheap,
               | extremely powerful, and relatively simple contrasted
               | against liquid fuel engines.
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | Failure of 1 chute was designed for, though yes, it
               | wasn't a great look.
               | 
               | > It poses substantial safety concerns in the case of an
               | accident where you need to abort the flight
               | 
               | SRBs are in general very safe, which is why they're still
               | used for human rated rockets.
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | Well we shall see I suppose. SRB's go back to the Apollo
               | era and NASA safety qualifications often come down to
               | 'are you doing what we've done before'? Hence them
               | refusing to even consider SpaceX retropulsive crew
               | landings, even though that would be a huge step forward.
               | 
               | I would also observe that NASA has a relatively poor
               | safety record contrasted against the Soyuz (which has not
               | lost crew since 1971 in spite of flying more manned
               | missions), and one of the few completely catastrophic
               | crashes we have had, Challenger, was directly related to
               | the SRB. In either case, I expect variance is playing a
               | much larger role than most might appreciate.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Didn't the shuttle have this harebrained thing where the
               | crew were supposed to climb all the way to the exit hatch
               | in their pressure suits, extend a boom along the wing in
               | full flight and then parachute out along it?
               | 
               | I thought I read about that. Of course that's effectively
               | no actual escape system lol. They'd be long dead by the
               | time they managed all that in an out of control shuttle.
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | It was a proposed mechanism that was never taken really
               | seriously.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | Starliner is put on top of the rocket, not next to it.
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | Pretty sure Star liner is at the top of its stack, so
               | there is no risk of sheets of ice falling on it and
               | damaging it
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | What? No it doesn't.
        
               | wolfendin wrote:
               | It can't have "all the same problems" because a number of
               | the engineering problems came from having the spacecraft
               | on the side of the launch vehicle
        
             | nordsieck wrote:
             | The big one off the top of my head:
             | 
             | Dream Chaser flies in a fairing for aerodynamic reasons. In
             | order to fly crew (so that the vehicle could have a working
             | launch abort system), they'd need to figure out how to fly
             | without a fairing.
        
               | SJC_Hacker wrote:
               | Can't they blow the fairing as part of launch abort?
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > Can't they blow the fairing as part of launch abort?
               | 
               | I'm not a rocket scientist, so I don't really know the
               | answer. But I have some questions:
               | 
               | * How reliable will the "blow the fairing" system be? If
               | it's only used in emergencies (instead of the regular
               | fairing separation mechanism) than it'll suffer from the
               | same problem as emergency generators - they're rarely
               | tested and fail _very_ often when needed.
               | 
               | * How easy is it to get the fairing out of the way once
               | it's opened? Normally, regular aerodynamic forces slough
               | the fairing halves off, but an LES/LAS doesn't have time
               | for that - it's escaping a potentially exploding rocket.
               | And those fairings will act like sails - huge surface
               | area:volume ratio means they're just not going to move
               | fast.
               | 
               | * What happens if DreamChaser hits one of the fairings on
               | the wing? Would it damage it enough that it'd have
               | trouble landing? Is it enough to cause it to foul the
               | escape trajectory? Or even put it in a spin?
               | 
               | It seems like a lot of work to get it to work with or
               | without a fairing.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | That's one more thing to go wrong. In a LES scenario
               | something(s) has gone wrong in an unrecoverable way. Very
               | few systems can be relied upon to _exist_ let alone work
               | correctly. A LES on a crewed capsule is supposed to be
               | able to pull itself from the vehicle all under its own
               | power. It can 't assume explosive fasteners on the
               | fairing are functional or actual all function correctly.
               | 
               | You don't want the LES to activate, seem to be working
               | correctly, and then blast the crew into a fairing panel
               | that did not fully separate. The crew doesn't have time
               | to roll down the window and kick it loose.
        
               | m4rtink wrote:
               | Soyuz launches with the crew capsule under fairung and
               | even _stacked under the orbital module_ - it still has a
               | LES[0], that pulls off the whole fairing away  & then
               | drops the capsule once clear of the rocket.
               | 
               | A bit complicated but was already used in emergency and
               | worked.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_abort_modes#Jetti
               | sonable...
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | From some quick reading it seems like the crewed Dream
               | Chaser is intended to fly without a fairing. The cargo
               | version's ability to fold the wings and fly within a
               | fairing seems to be for 1) compliance with NASAs CRS-2
               | requirements, 2) wide compatibility with existing
               | boosters that weren't designed for the forces that flying
               | without a fairing would create.
               | 
               | Could be spin from Sierra but that's what they were
               | saying to the press as of 2015 when they announced the
               | cargo variant.
               | 
               | https://spacenews.com/sierra-nevada-hopes-dream-chaser-
               | finds...
        
               | NotSammyHagar wrote:
               | The problem with the wings is they generate lift during
               | launch and that will screw up the rocket, thus the
               | fairing. I thought there was no known solution for that.
        
               | NortySpock wrote:
               | Fold the wings up?
               | 
               | Seems like Starship fins and Falcon 9 grid fins did that
               | trick as well.
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | It seems like you could mitigate that by designing the
               | wing such that when mounted the angle of attack is 0 and
               | thus no lift is generated. Obviously the wing would still
               | have an effect when the booster changes orientation or in
               | cases of high winds. I'm not remotely qualified to
               | calculate the scale of those forces but I don't see why
               | any of that would be a guaranteed showstopper given a
               | booster with enough thrust vectoring capability.
        
               | oooyay wrote:
               | Naive question: Planes and helicopters do not have the
               | ability to safely eject passengers mid-flight. We largely
               | accept these conditions as a risk of those modes of
               | travel. Why is LES/LAS a unique requirement for space
               | shuttles?
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > Planes and helicopters do not have the ability to
               | safely eject passengers mid-flight. We largely accept
               | these conditions as a risk of those modes of travel. Why
               | is LES/LAS a unique requirement for space shuttles?
               | 
               | That's a fair point, although my understanding is that
               | parachute systems for small planes are becoming more
               | common.
               | 
               | My view is that flight rate is the fundamental issue at
               | hand. Airplanes and helicoptors fly many orders of
               | magnitude more than these capsules, which means we know
               | they are many orders of magnitude more reliable.
               | 
               | They've also generally been through a long process of
               | refinement - the original airplanes were extremely
               | dangerous compared to modern variants.
               | 
               | Additionally, aircraft can afford to have a lot higher
               | margin of safety baked in to them. Because of how high
               | gravity is on Earth and the nature of the Rocket
               | Equation[1], it's just not possible to have a lot of
               | margin in rockets of capsules. They need to be extremely
               | svelt to launch at all.
               | 
               | And lastly, we have experience with human spacecraft
               | without an LES/LAS - it was the Space Shuttle. And it
               | killed 14 people - easily the most dangerous spacecraft
               | ever created. No one has any desire to build on that
               | particular legacy.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | 1.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsiolkovsky_rocket_equation
        
               | hexane360 wrote:
               | Also worth noting that test pilots of experimental
               | aircraft generally wear parachutes, at least for higher
               | risk tests. This includes tests of commercial aircraft.
        
               | happyopossum wrote:
               | > which means we know they are many orders of magnitude
               | more reliable
               | 
               | No, it means we have orders of magnitude more reliability
               | data. Same result, different point.
        
               | JoeCortopassi wrote:
               | planes/helicopters have a fuel source that is orders of
               | magnitude less volatile, and are also able to safely land
               | without power
        
               | sqeaky wrote:
               | I think rockets in this design space have frequently been
               | closer to prototype quality rather than commercially
               | deployment quality.
               | 
               | Those other systems have other redundancies and safety
               | mechanisms.
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | 1) Commercial planes and helicopters are orders of
               | magnitude safer than space flight.
               | https://usafacts.org/articles/is-flying-safer-than-
               | driving/
               | 
               | 2) Both planes and helicopters have an ability to glide
               | (or autogyro) to a relatively safe landing in the event
               | of most failures. A spacecraft can also do that with
               | wings or parachutes, but only if it gets far away from
               | its exploding booster fast enough to survive.
               | 
               | 3) Many military planes do have the ability to safely
               | eject passengers.
               | 
               | 4) astronauts dying live on stream is a really bad look.
        
               | nativeit wrote:
               | Planes and helicopters do not frequently fail by
               | exploding, but rather things like engines failing. An
               | engine failure, even if it's the only engine in a given
               | airplane or helicopter, does not automatically involve a
               | deadly crash. Airplanes can glide, frequently for very
               | long distances, and helicopters can use the air moving
               | across the rotors to effectively "glide" down. It's not
               | always possible, but they do have inherent redundancies
               | that rockets necessarily do not.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Planes and helicopters burn, though.
               | 
               | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-
               | institution/freak...
               | 
               | Here's an attempt to develop a jet fuel that wouldn't
               | burn:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y33N0raKZBo
        
               | eagerpace wrote:
               | Startship will not have an abort capability either.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | You could go without an LES if you can convince NASA that
               | you have sufficient contingencies to not need it (and, of
               | course, you can do almost anything you want on a private
               | flight). SpaceX has been entertaining the idea of not
               | using an escape system on Starship and instead proving
               | its safety through sheer number of flights. Although
               | there also is just a general consensus that the flip
               | maneuver would probably make that necessary even if they
               | had an LES.
        
           | glenstein wrote:
           | >There are a lot of problems that need to be over come for
           | Dream Chaser to be crew rated.
           | 
           | Thanks, this is helpful to know. What do you know about the
           | dream chaser problems?
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | _> It 's crazy the US could soon have up to 5 different
         | spacecraft/launch systems that can take humans to orbit with 2
         | more in development_
         | 
         | We had a launch system that could take humans to the moon in
         | 1972.. haven't had one since. Maybe we will get another one in
         | our lifetime, if it is even possible.
        
           | picture wrote:
           | Is there much practical reason that requires sending people
           | to the moon still? Modern robots are cheaper and can perform
           | science more effectively than any human
        
             | striking wrote:
             | Bragging rights (ostensibly "practical" in a geopolitical,
             | soft power projection sense)
        
               | picture wrote:
               | Didn't we get to brag about it already? The value of
               | continuing to have the capability seems to be outweighed
               | by the costs of maintaining the facilities and equipment
        
               | zardo wrote:
               | You don't get much bragging rights for being first to
               | plant a flag on the Moon once China has a continuously
               | manned outpost there.
        
             | mrmuagi wrote:
             | It looks like the RTT is 6 minutes (more or less depending
             | on orbit) for packets send to mars, but despite that it
             | does seem like the easier option yeah.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | Not really accurate at all.
               | 
               | The lowest the RTT gets is six minutes but that is a
               | brief period every couple of years. The longest RTT is 45
               | minutes.
               | 
               | Even 6 minutes makes any kind of tele-operation
               | infeasible and require system to function autonomously.
               | This restricts the kinds of science that are currently
               | possible.
        
             | Phrodo_00 wrote:
             | > can perform science more effectively than any human
             | 
             | I wouldn't go that far, but we already had humans on the
             | moon so we can get away with robots doing the science now.
             | I still think sending astronauts to mars would speed up
             | research, for example.
        
             | fnordpiglet wrote:
             | I think a long term view is it's the basis for building
             | heavy industry in space as it has a lot of natural
             | resources that can be exploited industrially and escape
             | orbit velocities are much less from the moon than earth
             | surface. This eventually leads to a general space
             | infrastructure. If you believe the end of humanity is on
             | earth then this probably isn't convincing. Folks like
             | myself believe we are inexorably driven to spread life as a
             | function of what life is and we have no meaningful choice
             | but to keep going.
             | 
             | But as long as some subset of humanity believes in this
             | humanity will keep investing in it. Not everyone has to be
             | aligned and we can have many priorities at once, not the
             | least of which is robotic science which I only see as
             | mutually exclusive as long as there's not plentiful private
             | investment, which there is at the moment. I don't see
             | robotic exploration as suffering in the build out of
             | extremely low cost launch capability and a general space
             | infrastructure including moon infrastructure. I see it
             | benefiting enormously as the costs and risks drop
             | significantly.
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | If we ever get to heavy industrialization of lunar
               | resources, how are we going to deal with the CO2
               | footprint of rockets?
        
               | p1mrx wrote:
               | In theory it's possible to make a carbon-neutral methane
               | rocket based on atmospheric CO2, though that depends on
               | how completely the methane can be burned.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitute_natural_gas
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | A spacex falcon 9 contains ~as much fuel as a 747. Note:
               | fuel, not fuel + oxidizer
               | 
               | Edit: falcon 9, not starship
        
               | MarkusQ wrote:
               | Source?
               | 
               | I get Starship 34,000,000 kg + 12,000,000 kg vs 747
               | ~200,000 liters [?] 150,000 kg, or about 1/300 th of what
               | Starship holds.
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | Oh shit I'm sorry I am so wrong. I had calculated falcon
               | 9. Thank you for the correction
        
               | SJC_Hacker wrote:
               | Mass drivers.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | You'd be moving other polluting industries off-Earth,
               | thus offsetting the footprint of things that cannot be
               | done without said footprint.
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | There are a million viable (and often quite fun) answers
               | here, but one is really kind of funny. What do you get
               | when you mix oxygen and hydrogen? Water? No, of course
               | not! You get _rocket fuel_! Seriously. Liquid oxygen +
               | liquid hydrogen is a common, and highly effective, fuel
               | that 's been used for various engines such as on the
               | Space Shuttle Main Engine.
               | 
               | Rockets can also be carbon negative in another way. A
               | rocket that uses less than 50% of its fuel getting to
               | orbit would be carbon negative, because it's spending
               | less than 'x/2' fuel to go burn at least 'x/2' fuel away
               | from Earth. Factor in some of the fuel coming from carbon
               | neutral sources, and it quickly becomes quite easy for a
               | rocket to be carbon negative.
        
             | pretendscholar wrote:
             | Distributing human populations to ensure survival. With
             | current tech the lunar colony couldn't be self-sustaining
             | but the ideal is that humans would be able to propagate and
             | sustain themselves outside of Earth so that a single event
             | couldn't end human civilization. Also creating a jobs
             | program that will produce the technology necessary for a
             | lunar colony will improve materials science, medical
             | understanding, logistics.
        
               | hosh wrote:
               | We could also learn to live within the means of our
               | ecology.
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | This sounds like the harder problem.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | No, it's merely incredibly difficult. Sustainable living
               | off Earth is far beyond that.
               | 
               | Humans definitely can't leave. Humans are even less well
               | suited to interstellar travel than they are to living at
               | the bottom of the ocean, something they also don't do and
               | have no idea how they could ever do.
               | 
               | So, with tremendous effort humans could visit one of
               | their neighbouring planets. All of these planets are
               | _terrible_. Mars is by far more hostile to life than
               | anywhere humans have even visited, let alone had a
               | permanent settlement. But we could do it. To what end?
               | 
               | Live here, or die here, those are your options and you
               | should get used to it.
        
               | tonynator wrote:
               | >To what end?
               | 
               | To have the species survive if anything ends all life on
               | Earth - apparently not a priority for you but it is for
               | those that enjoy humanity existing.
               | 
               | Also to explore and learn more about the universe we live
               | in. Do you truly not see value in that? Have you never
               | left the city/state/country you were born in?
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | > To have the species survive if anything ends all life
               | on Earth
               | 
               | Nothing the universe has thrown at Earth in the past 3
               | billion years has been capable of ending all life. And
               | nothing that could happen in the next million years seems
               | possible of doing that either.
        
               | pretendscholar wrote:
               | When we say life on earth we mean human life and
               | civilization. Prokaryotes, while alive, are not really
               | what people mean. Yes they would survive asteroids,
               | nukes, possibly nanobot swarms.
        
               | hosh wrote:
               | > No, it's merely incredibly difficult.
               | 
               | It's difficult, but I don't think it is _that_ difficult.
               | Ecologies, like any living systems, can self-heal and
               | regenerate. There are practices that allows us to tap
               | into that regenerative power as societies. They may not
               | happen fast relative to our individual human lifespan,
               | but 50 years is more than enough time to restore
               | wastelands or reverse desertification.
               | 
               | I don't have a good answer to how sustain an economy
               | based upon mining, refining, and manufacturing things out
               | of mineral resources. Many of us have gotten used to
               | modern conveniences (at its own cost related to mental
               | and emotional health, and social cohesiveness). I think
               | what most people balk on are on the perception of having
               | to go back to barely surviving off the land, or having to
               | alter lifestyle. Lifestyle may have to change, but the
               | same regenerative power of ecologies also gives us
               | significantly more resiliency.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | >But we could do it. To what end?
               | 
               | Why do anything at all? Who are you to dictate to others
               | what their options are?
        
               | pretendscholar wrote:
               | That wouldn't prevent one off extinction type events like
               | asteroids. We can improve our understanding of ecology by
               | trying to design such systems for lunar colony artificial
               | biospheres.
               | 
               | I do agree that we should better manage our impact on the
               | only system that we know works.
        
               | jonathankoren wrote:
               | This is the lamest of all excuses.
               | 
               | It's a very unlikely for one, we haven't had an
               | extinction asteroid in 65 million years. Detection and
               | mapping is very good today, and they're relatively simple
               | to deflect given even with current technology, and a long
               | enough lead time. Obsessing about asteroid impact is just
               | an excuse to engage in fantasy.
               | 
               | But saying "We can improve our understanding of ecology
               | by [designing] artificial biosphere", is just the chef's
               | kiss of bullshittery. It's like saying, that we can
               | understand the ocean by getting a fish bowl. Not exactly,
               | and it certainly won't teach us anything about the actual
               | biosphere. Instead, all you'd learn about is atmosphere
               | scrubbers and water reclamation.
        
               | KoftaBob wrote:
               | > they're relatively simple to deflect given even with
               | current technology, and a long enough lead time.
               | 
               | and what is this simple method to deflect a large
               | asteroid headed for Earth?
        
               | papercrane wrote:
               | A gravity tractor is the simplest solution with enough
               | lead time. It's theoretical, but doesn't involve any
               | exotic technology or materials.
               | 
               | Essentially you have a spacecraft park itself beside an
               | asteroid. It's gravity will minutely change the asteroids
               | trajectory. With enough lead time that's all you need.
               | Since you're not blowing up, or applying a large focused
               | amount of energy to the asteroid it doesn't matter what
               | the targets composition is. You won't break it up.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_tractor
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | >> That wouldn't prevent one off extinction type events
               | like asteroids.
               | 
               | > This is the lamest of all excuses.
               | 
               | > It's a very unlikely for one, we haven't had an
               | extinction asteroid in 65 million years.
               | 
               | He said "like astroids". Quite frankly _we don 't know_
               | how frequent extinction events happen. We've had nuclear
               | weapons for less than 100 years, and have a couple of
               | close calls[1] already.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_Soviet_nuclear_fals
               | e_alar...
        
               | tonynator wrote:
               | We miss asteroids all the time. And we could get hit by a
               | GRB at any time with no warning. We could get Carrington
               | evented at any time. Global thermonuclear war could occur
               | at any time.
               | 
               | Don't understand this lefty obstinance against preparing
               | for the unexpected when the negative outcome is the death
               | of humanity. Is it because you don't like Elon?
        
               | riley_dog wrote:
               | > Don't understand this lefty obstinance against
               | preparing for the unexpected when the negative outcome is
               | the death of humanity. Is it because you don't like Elon?
               | 
               | I agreed with you right up until this garbage.
        
               | protomolecule wrote:
               | >Detection and mapping is very good today
               | 
               | No. We can't detect asteroids coming from the direction
               | of Sun. Just ask people of Chelyabinsk, Russia. [0]
               | 
               | [0] https://www.livescience.com/space/asteroids/the-sun-
               | is-blind...
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | This was a bit more than a hundred years ago.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunguska_event
               | 
               | I'd say that such an event happening over a populated
               | region of the Earth would be pretty bad. It's worth a bit
               | of investment.
               | 
               | Here's what would happen if Tunguska happened over Paris,
               | using a mid-range estimate of its magnitude: https://nucl
               | earsecrecy.com/nukemap/?&kt=30000&lat=48.8583&ln...
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | > That wouldn't prevent one off extinction type events
               | like asteroids. We can improve our understanding of
               | ecology by trying to design such systems for lunar colony
               | artificial biospheres.
               | 
               | To be kind of blunt, even an extinction-level asteroid
               | hit with near-total biosphere destruction is probably
               | _still_ more conducive to human life than any other
               | planet or satellite in the solar system, as evidenced by
               | the continued existence of at least a few forms of life
               | past the extinction event. And many of the events people
               | worry about are far less destructive than even that
               | (nuclear winter, for example, would probably roll Earth
               | 's climate back to pre-industrial temperatures, maybe as
               | far as Little Ice Age, which is, uh, nowhere near
               | extinction-level threat to humanity).
               | 
               | It's also worth pointing out that it's possible to do
               | closed ecological studies without the expense of running
               | it in space (e.g., Biosphere 2). The only thing you need
               | space for studying in that regard is "what is the effect
               | of non-1g environments on biological forms?" (to which
               | existing studies suggest the answer is somewhere between
               | "bad" and "horrible").
        
               | pretendscholar wrote:
               | They are in 0g environments presumably having 1-6th isn't
               | as bad and there might be ways to prevent/mitigate those
               | issues.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | Self-sustaining human colonies in space or on other
               | celestial bodies are very distant dream, probably it will
               | take several centuries or millennia to happen. The main
               | reason is human body: we haven't figured out reproduction
               | in low gravity yet. Unless some fascist state will do it,
               | we will never experiment with it until full confidence in
               | safety for the mother and the child.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | It's a very distant dream that will always remain distant
               | if we don't work on it. We have a lot of things to test
               | before we get to testing the gravitational requirements
               | of human reproduction. As it stands, we don't even know
               | our basic gravitational needs. All we know is that 0g is
               | too low. It's entirely possible that it turns out we can
               | function relatively fine at something low but non-zero,
               | like 0.1g.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Instead, launch sealed, frozen embryos into orbits of
               | various bodies in our Solar System -- bury a few on the
               | Moon.
        
             | colechristensen wrote:
             | Yes, humans living on other celestial bodies is a goal in
             | itself, expanding us beyond Earth and a few people in LEO.
             | 
             | Cities on the moon and Mars are a reasonable and achievable
             | goal. There are resources which can much more easily be
             | exploited with real people on premise, some people will
             | want to live in different environments, there are
             | opportunities for sport, entertainment, tourism, and plenty
             | of industries which will be much more effective with
             | skilled labor on site instead of meticulously planned
             | missions which often fail and if they don't spend a whole
             | bunch of effort overcomming the basics of operating.
        
             | twothreeone wrote:
             | I would imagine (a) keep watch over the lunar atomics and
             | (b) fend off PLA officers stationed there permanently after
             | Chang'e-42.
        
             | Teever wrote:
             | Why does someone always do this in a thread about space
             | stuff?
             | 
             | Without fail there's always some negative Nelly who already
             | knows the answer to their downer question.
             | 
             | We get it. You don't care about space shit, most people
             | don't. But why go derail a thread about a space
             | accomplishment with negativity?
             | 
             | Is there much practical reason for that?
        
               | tonynator wrote:
               | I genuinely think it's because they dislike Elon and have
               | expanded that dislike to all space exploration to
               | rationalize a way in which he isn't basically the most
               | important and valuable human being on Earth.
        
               | Teever wrote:
               | This stuff has predated Elon Musk.
               | 
               | I think it's part contrarianness and part cognitive
               | deficiency where some people can't properly reason about
               | things on these scales.
        
             | cratermoon wrote:
             | "can perform science more effectively than any human" is
             | very disputable.
             | 
             | If they are so much better, why does anyone get up off
             | their couch and do field research? Just let the robots do
             | it.
             | 
             | Besides, it's human nature to explore, in person. As George
             | Mallory said, "Because it's there."
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | It makes more sense to have a permanent human presence on
             | the Moon than to aim for Mars.
             | 
             | The Moon is both very near and very easy to communicate
             | with so it is the perfect first place to learn about
             | building a "colony" before moving on to Mars.
        
             | SJC_Hacker wrote:
             | Establishing a permanent presence on the moon would be a
             | stepping stone to further exploration of other planets.
             | (Mars in particular.)
             | 
             | Since its only a 3-4 day trip, with transfer windows every
             | month (and non-optimal ones essentially constantly).
             | resupply missions and rotating astronauts/personnel are
             | going to be much easier. Much less of a gravity well to
             | deal with.
             | 
             | The plan would be for in situ resource extraction and
             | manufacturing. With enough of a human presence, projects
             | like local construction of spacecraft become feasible. And
             | something like a mass driver would be much more feasible on
             | the moon. A big enough one and you're even considering
             | interstellar probes ...
             | 
             | It would require a consistent, sustained effort. But not
             | astronomical in US budget terms. Maybe $20-$30 billion/year
             | (about of 3-4% the defense budget)
        
               | Zigurd wrote:
               | Anything beyond Earth orbit requires either multi-stage
               | expendable rockets, which isn't economical for supporting
               | a moon base, or in-orbit refueling that has better
               | economics than expendable rockets, which depends on cheap
               | rapid reusability. If you can't land, refuel, and fly
               | without refurbishing the launch system, rocket engines,
               | etc. you can't ship fuel to orbit cheaply enough to
               | justify in-orbit refueling.
               | 
               | Starship is a vastly better attempt at more of these
               | goals than STS. But if it misses cost, or payload, or
               | reliability goals it won't solve this problem. It is even
               | possible that it will take too many attempts in which a
               | ship and 39 engines are expended to even get close.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _practical reason that requires sending people to the
             | moon still?_
             | 
             | The big one that robots can't do is studying human biology
             | in space.
             | 
             | How do we fare long term on a foreign body? What does
             | trauma medicine look like? How do we accommodate the
             | diseases and disabilities that frequent our non-astronaut
             | grade population? Is gestation, birth and development
             | possible in low gravity? _Et cetera_.
             | 
             | Then Moon provides the easiest place to do this at scale by
             | virtu of being the closest place to Earth with _in situ_
             | resources.
        
             | lupusreal wrote:
             | Not much point sending robots to go look at Moon rocks if
             | there's no pretext of sending people there. I mean, you
             | could make some PhDs out of it I'm sure, but would that be
             | worth the public expense? I don't think so.
        
             | somenameforme wrote:
             | This is a common misconception. Modern robots are very
             | limited in their capabilities, out of necessity. Mars is a
             | great example. Perseverance has the most capable drill of
             | any rover, and it can drill up to 2.4 inches deep. [1] And
             | these drills are used extremely sparingly because they tend
             | to break rapidly, like any sort of moving part.
             | Perseverance's top theoretic speed is around 0.07mph, and
             | it's a speed demon compared to prior rovers. [2] Same
             | reasons - the more you move the more things break, and the
             | nearest repair shop is pretty far away. The first humans on
             | Mars will almost certainly learn _vastly_ more in a week
             | than we 've learned in 60+ years of probes and rovers!
             | 
             | Beyond this though (and also the survival aspect as others
             | have hit on), I'd simply mention the inspirational aspect.
             | Many who lived through the Moon landings (as well as those
             | who did not) see this as humanity's greatest achievement.
             | And I think this sort of stuff helps to create a better
             | future for a people. When asked what they want to be when
             | they grow up, the most popular choice for American children
             | today is a vlogger/YouTuber, the least popular is astronaut
             | [3]. In China, the answers are completely reversed. Who's
             | going to have the better generational outcome in 30 years?
             | 
             | But of course this isn't just for children. So many people
             | just seem completely devoid of hope and optimism for the
             | future. And that's completely understandable the way things
             | have been going for many decades now. But show literally
             | anybody this video of the Falcon Heavy landing [4] and the
             | first question you will always get is, "Is that real?"
             | People just can't even believe what we're achieving, and I
             | think doing even more of this, on a much larger scale, and
             | making it all the more visible would really improve so many
             | lives, and likely the entire country itself. Just read the
             | comments to that video, to see how it impacts people, and
             | those are friggin YouTube comments!
             | 
             | [1] - https://attheu.utah.edu/facultystaff/qa-perseverance-
             | rovers-...
             | 
             | [2] - https://www.space.com/perseverance-rover-self-
             | driving-on-mar...
             | 
             | [3] - https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/07/american-
             | kids-would-...
             | 
             | [4] - https://youtu.be/wbSwFU6tY1c?t=1704
        
             | wolfendin wrote:
             | Robots aren't performing science, they're doing one half of
             | one step of the scientific method: collecting data in an
             | experiment. It's humans doing all the rest.
        
           | bunderbunder wrote:
           | It would probably become a lot more possible if we could get
           | this "SLS/Orion with frickin' _Starship_ as a lunar lander
           | Rube Goldberg machine " monkey off our backs.
        
             | sho_hn wrote:
             | Interesting and very readable elaboration of this snark:
             | https://idlewords.com/2024/5/the_lunacy_of_artemis.htm
        
           | jonathankoren wrote:
           | That's literally the SLS.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _we had a launch system that could take humans to the moon
           | in 1972_
           | 
           | Saturn V was ridiculously expensive [1] and very unsafe.
           | 
           | Apollo was built to get to the Moon fast half a dozen times.
           | We're building more ambitiously today.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn_V _$1.5bn in 2024
           | dollars_
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > Saturn V was ridiculously expensive [1] and incomparably
             | unsafe.
             | 
             | Von Braun was asked if the Saturn V was safe to launch. He
             | asked six of his engineering reports, each replied _nein_.
             | Von Braun replied that the Saturn V had six nines of
             | reliability.
        
           | Zigurd wrote:
           | This comment is an invitation to an uninformative comparison.
           | Apollo was just barely able to take a crew to the moon and
           | back, with many expendable stages, using 5% of US GDP to do
           | it. Almost all the value in Apollo is indirect value in the
           | form of technologies developed for Apollo.
           | 
           | Why replicate that? Indeed we should ask: Is there a goal to
           | value, other than the obvious "the Chinese would get there
           | first if we don't?"
           | 
           | A lunar "base" would just be a vastly more expensive ISS. We
           | will discover that lunar regolith is a bigger nuisance than
           | floating boogers in the ISS.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _lunar "base" would just be a vastly more expensive ISS_
             | 
             | Source?
             | 
             | We can design--and are designing--automation into a lunar
             | base in a way we couldn't with the ISS.
        
               | lambdaone wrote:
               | That sounds really interesting, but web searching mostly
               | brings up very old research. Do you have a link for any
               | of the up-to-date work on automating the base?
        
             | wolfendin wrote:
             | The mission goal was to land a man on the moon and return
             | him to earth safely.
             | 
             | Where's the barely? What would you have done better?
        
         | pdonis wrote:
         | I don't think it's crazy; it's competition, which is what
         | _should_ be happening. We _want_ multiple private companies to
         | be in this game, because that 's the only way access to space
         | will ever become practical at any kind of scale.
        
         | supportengineer wrote:
         | I just want to live long enough to see a ship, intended for
         | long-term use, assembled in orbit.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Interesting. And I'm thinking I want to see a permanent lunar
           | base but also, "Where does it end?"
           | 
           | Humans walked on the Moon in my lifetime. I should be
           | contented with that.
        
             | lastofthemojito wrote:
             | > Humans walked on the Moon in my lifetime. I should be
             | contented with that.
             | 
             | I'm apparently younger than you, and humans have not walked
             | on the moon in my lifetime. I'm discontented by that.
        
               | fullspectrumdev wrote:
               | Same, I'm terribly disappointed that I can't simply walk
               | on the moon. Parents generation really dropped the fuckin
               | ball there eh
        
               | nyokodo wrote:
               | > Parents generation really dropped the ... ball there
               | 
               | Really probably your grandparents or great grandparents
               | depending on your age. Most Americans born after the moon
               | landings had boomer or gen-x parents. All the men who
               | walked on the moon and the majority of those in high
               | office until roughly the 1990s were silent generation,
               | the GI generation or older. They're the ones who had the
               | power to keep the space program going but didn't. Once
               | your parents had significant influence the Apollo program
               | was long gone, the know how to build the hardware was
               | gone, they would have had an even harder time than us
               | rebuilding it because the commercial impetus wasn't there
               | and we didn't yet have insane internet billionaires
               | competing for launch contracts.
        
               | jakswa wrote:
               | I don't recall a ball, but they dropped a feather and a
               | hammer (the gravity experiment).
        
               | bell-cot wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_14#Lunar_surface_ope
               | rat...
               | 
               | The 3rd para talks about the (golf) balls.
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | Golf ball
        
               | avmich wrote:
               | Spherical hammer in the vacuum is a ball.
        
               | brandall10 wrote:
               | It's wild to think this is true for anyone under the half
               | century mark.
        
               | jononor wrote:
               | Soon there will be no living humans who have walked on
               | the moon :/
        
             | NotSammyHagar wrote:
             | I want to live long enough to see a viable test of larger
             | spaceships that could send humans to Mars. I really want to
             | live long enough to discover evidence of at least microbial
             | life elsewhere in the solar system - Mars seems like the
             | obvious place we can reach with a good chance for it be
             | possible. I know there's amazingly water vapor around
             | Europa, that's so much more remote.
             | 
             | I think about 30 years should lead to more exploration of
             | Mars, and maybe multiple landers andn robots getting there
             | from here, maybe even a return trip. (human travel to Mars
             | feels so far out, even if Starship works out in the next 10
             | years).
        
           | grondilu wrote:
           | Well, isn't it what the ISS is?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _isn 't it what the ISS is?_
             | 
             | No, it has no propulsion system. That is the difference
             | between a ship and a station.
        
               | moffkalast wrote:
               | _angry Cygnus noises_
        
               | smolder wrote:
               | It does have thrusters used for orbital correction about
               | monthly, (and maybe dodging debris here and there,) but
               | it's fair to say that system is not for taking trips or
               | anything.
        
               | TechPlasma wrote:
               | I think there are thrusters on the Russian side of the
               | station. They aren't large but they move the stations
               | orientation for docking sometimes. (And cartwheels for
               | fun and horror)
        
           | indoordin0saur wrote:
           | I just want to live long enough to see Venus terraformed into
           | an ocean and forest covered paradise.
        
             | onemoresoop wrote:
             | Clever. You seem to want to live on forever...
        
             | projektfu wrote:
             | Need a planet spinner if that's going to happen.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | A lot of mirrors in a 24h orbit might be easier.
               | 
               | Still, even then it will take, what, about a century to
               | get rid of the CO2? (Does it even count as an
               | "atmosphere" at ground level, given that it's past the
               | critical point and the distinction between liquid and gas
               | phases no longer exists?)
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | If going that far, use the sunlight for power / in space
               | solar ovens. Just make sure to limit how much power goes
               | to Venus because that will increase the net energy in
               | that envelope.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | One of the options is to use the mirrors to boil off the
               | atmosphere, the other is to keep the sunlight away for so
               | long the atmosphere almost entirely condenses and can
               | then be paved over; either way, it was a long wait.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | You can't "boil off" the atmosphere. You need to
               | accelerate the gas molecules past the planetary escape
               | velocity, otherwise they'll just cool down and drop back
               | onto the surface.
               | 
               | There's no realistic way to evacuate that much gas (the
               | surface pressure on Venus is almost 100 atmospheres!).
               | 
               | One option is first to cover the surface of Venus with
               | water, by first creating giant orbital mirrors to let the
               | atmosphere to cool. Then you can sequester the carbon
               | dioxide as elemental carbon under the water surface.
               | Oxygen released in the process will be naturally consumed
               | by all the underoxidized minerals present on Venus.
        
               | projektfu wrote:
               | I've always loved the idea of floating habitat in Venus'
               | atmosphere but the temperature remains the largest part
               | of the problem.
        
               | indoordin0saur wrote:
               | In discussions I've read on planetary climate modelling
               | one idea is that if Venus had an atmosphere like Earth's
               | but 50%+ thicker and an ocean covering 70% of it (like
               | Earth) you'd get an ideal situation. Because of the
               | strong sunlight and slow spin you'd get a tendency for
               | thick storm clouds continuously covering whatever part of
               | the planet was experiencing mid-day, shielding the planet
               | from the strongest and hottest rays of the (60% stronger)
               | sunlight. The warmth would convect to the night side
               | keeping things from getting too cold. Depending on the
               | conditions it's possible that below-freezing temperatures
               | wouldn't even be common in the depth of the night.
               | 
               | The long night seems like a problem for life but forests
               | already thrive in the warmer parts of the near-arctic.
               | And in times past even Antarctica had tropical
               | rainforests despite experiencing a polar night. Another
               | idea I had was building a ring around the planet of dark
               | material, perhaps of left over carbon after we cleaned up
               | the CO2 rich atmosphere. The dark ring would provide
               | shade to certain parts of the planet during the day and
               | would reflect light for the long night.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | > thick storm clouds
               | 
               | Sounds like a sure fire recipe for a (permanent?) super
               | intense electrical storm in right that spot.
               | 
               | Might make that specific latitude uninhabitable due to
               | the planet turning. Though it could be worth the trade
               | off, due to there being a bunch of available land on the
               | planet in other latitudes.
               | 
               | If you have some truly huge arrays of super capacitors
               | such a permanent electrical storm might even be useful.
               | :)
        
           | javiramos wrote:
           | I just want to live long enough to see a human walk on Mars.
        
           | aunty_helen wrote:
           | What's stopping you from helping to build it? Jobs in space
           | tech exist. They need smart motivated people.
        
           | tomcam wrote:
           | How long do you think for them to get to the point where they
           | can carry all the raw materials up there?
        
             | dyauspitr wrote:
             | That's probably just a handful of starship trips of cargo
        
           | FeepingCreature wrote:
           | Personally, I want to live long enough to hit life extension
           | escape velocity. :)
        
             | aftbit wrote:
             | Yeah we bemoan how short-sighted people are, but that's
             | because we only live for a handful of decades. Think of the
             | kind of progress that we could achieve if people were free
             | to follow their dreams for centuries, alongside the kind of
             | respect for the life and nature that would be necessary to
             | live as a citizen of the world for that long.
        
               | pasabagi wrote:
               | Or, immortal Joseph Stalin having breakfast with immortal
               | Richard Nixon, while deciding who gets sent to the gulags
               | today.
        
               | aftbit wrote:
               | True, today time is the greatest equalizer. Even the rich
               | and powerful will eventually kick the bucket and leave
               | the future for others. If life extension takes off, the
               | rich and powerful may live forever, while the less
               | fortunate may still be mortal.
        
           | emeril wrote:
           | I'd settle for seeing my children grow up at least a bit!
        
         | pbreit wrote:
         | Only possible with the existence of "billionaires".
        
           | aquaticsunset wrote:
           | If by that you mean "average people pooling their billions to
           | further advance science and technology", sure.
           | 
           | None of this was done in a vacuum of billionaire self
           | funding.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | Is that true? We live in a remarkably gilded age where a
             | handful of people (whose names we all know) cashed in on
             | the Dot-Com Boom. Their pleasure appears to be, for a few
             | of them anyway, rockets and spacecraft.
             | 
             | A vacuum of billionaire self funding? Of course not, but
             | would these ventures have progressed to where they are
             | without the deep pockets of some of these billionaires?
        
               | BlarfMcFlarf wrote:
               | The funding was from nasa contracts, which is public
               | funds. Someone would have done it even as a consortium of
               | sub billionaires.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | IIRC, Musk wasn't listed as a billionaire until 2012, and
               | that possibly as a result of (rather than cause of)
               | SpaceX having successfully sent cargo to the ISS.
               | 
               | People mock him for being bad at estimating how long
               | projects will take... but even if you agree with the
               | critics, he's still the one-eyed in the land of the blind
               | when it comes to space mission project planning.
        
         | CHSbeachbum420 wrote:
         | It's the new billionaire yacht club.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _billionaire yacht club_
           | 
           | They comment on a thread about Boeing's Starliner ferrying
           | NASA astronauts to the ISS atop a ULA rocket.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | SLS + Orion is so expensive that it's not worth listing, IMO.
        
         | cletus wrote:
         | SLS is a jobs program. It's not economically viable at over $1
         | billion per launch.
         | 
         | As for Blue Origin and New Glenn, this is an object lesson that
         | simply throwing money at the problem doesn't necessarily solve
         | it. Did you know Blue Origin was founded ~18 months before
         | SpaceX?
         | 
         | For the longest time (up until ~9 months ago), Bezos had the
         | former Honeywell CEO in charge of Blue Origin, which to me was
         | such an odd choice. You see, this guy seems to embody
         | everything wrong with corporate America: he was completely
         | focused on not failing rather than succeeding. So there were
         | constant delays with New Glenn and the BE-4 engine, which is
         | _years_ behind schedule. You can 't fail if you don't launch.
         | 
         | And the new CEO (David Limp) used to be in charge of Kindles.
        
           | dubcanada wrote:
           | You seem to assume a good CEO equals a successful company,
           | and a good CEO also needs to have industry experience.
           | 
           | I don't know if either of those are actually true, there are
           | plenty of good CEOs who came from zero experience in the
           | industry. And plenty of bad CEOs who came from plenty of
           | experience in the industry. Both of these run successful and
           | not successful companies.
           | 
           | For example the currently Boeing CEO does not have experience
           | in airplanes, came from a business background. And is
           | considered a bad CEO by the average person (though considered
           | a good CEO by stockholders, or at least was before the past
           | few months).
        
             | notatoad wrote:
             | >You seem to assume a good CEO equals a successful company
             | 
             | the only assumption i see is the counter to that - a bad
             | CEO equals an unsuccessful company. and i don't think
             | that's a very controversial assumption.
        
               | dubcanada wrote:
               | > And the new CEO (David Limp) used to be in charge of
               | Kindles.
               | 
               | Seems to imply there is an issue with a CEO of a space
               | company previously working on Kindles.
               | 
               | > Bezos had the former Honeywell CEO in charge of Blue
               | Origin, which to me was such an odd choice
               | 
               | Also seems to imply the CEO is bad because their
               | previously only worked at Honeywell on thermostats.
               | 
               | In my mind none of the above has anything to do with how
               | good or bad a CEO is. Perhaps I am misreading it. In
               | which case ignore me.
        
               | resolutebat wrote:
               | All things being equal, you'd want a CEO who understands
               | the business, either by coming up through the ranks or a
               | long career at another company in the same business.
        
               | bigjimmyk3 wrote:
               | Honeywell is also an aerospace company:
               | 
               | https://aerospace.honeywell.com/
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | A bad CEO can look great on paper and in the stock price.
               | The product however will likely not keep pace, charging
               | more for a product providing less value.
               | 
               | Long term value, employee satisfaction, and customer
               | satisfaction are all intertwined. New management is more
               | likely than not to harm at least one of those 3 .
        
             | cletus wrote:
             | I reject the notion that a good manager can manage
             | anything.
             | 
             | I also reject the financialization of modern companies
             | where we put accountants in charge who aren't subject-
             | matter experts whose only playbook is to cut costs and jack
             | up prices.
             | 
             | It's exactly what's wrong with Boeing today.
             | 
             | Obligatory Steve Jobs quotes on "idea people" [1] and Xerox
             | [2].
             | 
             | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qdplq4cj76I
             | 
             | [2]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NlBjNmXvqIM&t=2s
        
           | deciplex wrote:
           | I would say that the one redeeming quality of Elon Musk (in a
           | sea of otherwise awful personality traits) is that for at
           | least Tesla and SpaceX, that he was interested in running
           | those companies primarily _to produce a product._ Like that
           | was the primary focus and raison d 'etre of both of those
           | companies, especially SpaceX I think. This is in opposition
           | to the usual "the only point of a business is to make money"
           | ethos that so permeates neoliberal capitalism that we hardly
           | even notice it anymore. The latter is dysfunctional, inhuman,
           | and ultimately bad for business.
           | 
           | I don't know if he still takes that approach. In fact, I kind
           | of doubt he ever really did, but he certainly projected that
           | image publicly, and most importantly to workers of those
           | companies - whether he "really believed" it I guess is a moot
           | point.
           | 
           | When you take the "businesses exist to return a profit to
           | shareholders" approach you're always going to focus on
           | leadership that has a track record of doing that, even if
           | that excludes building a good product or for that matter even
           | the long-term viability of the business. Thus, you see these
           | CEO hires that don't seem to make sense - most of us
           | unconsciously still think of businesses as things created to
           | make a thing or do a specific thing, because that's a natural
           | thing to believe.
           | 
           | Anyway I think you can attribute some of the success of both
           | to this, as well as Musk's public image at least ca 2008-2018
           | or so.
        
             | gibolt wrote:
             | Most people who have worked close to him generally note
             | that he has intimate knowledge up and down the entire
             | product side (at minimum) of the company. This can lead to
             | micro-management, but leads to far better results than most
             | companies could ever hope to achieve.
             | 
             | Communication and agreement are what add cost and
             | misdirection to development. When a tiny set of people with
             | one clear goal pull the strings, it is much more efficient
             | to reach the north star product.
        
             | dsco wrote:
             | Why do people always have to preface Elon praise with some
             | initial criticism. The man has objectively created some
             | incredible businesses.
        
               | Wherecombinator wrote:
               | Because he's the worlds oldest 14 year old boy
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | World's oldest [asshole] 14 year old boy. Just comparing
               | him to all the good kids out there is disrespectful to
               | the teens.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | With exceptionally more impact, both good (I'd say net
               | good) and bad.
        
               | skybrian wrote:
               | Because they want to be seen as a moderate rather than an
               | uncritical fan.
               | 
               | This happens for many online debates where extreme
               | positions are common.
        
               | yokoprime wrote:
               | Because he is a complex human being with a very visible
               | dark side and any praise of his achievements will make
               | his terrible personality traits stain you like a soggy
               | barf bag on an overnight flight
        
               | sbuttgereit wrote:
               | But you know... they're all complex. Even you are a
               | complex human being... maybe not so visible as Elon
               | Musk... but... so what?
               | 
               | You know why people really do it? It has nothing to do
               | with Elon Musk, but rather is a response to our own fears
               | for our own social standing. We fear that if we say
               | something good about a person that our social group has,
               | in defiance of your complex human point, decided is "a
               | bad guy" that we'll just as cavalierly be excluded or
               | derided from that group.
               | 
               | So when you acknowledge that complexity or something good
               | that this "good for nothing" person has done, you have to
               | start off with with virtual signaling: "oh this guy is
               | terrible, but... ", (meaning "please see that I'm still
               | one of you").
               | 
               | I find the whole act kinda craven, perhaps even moreso
               | than a social group that demands it.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | The hive mind has decided he's bad, so you have to make
               | sure everyone knows you hate him too otherwise you risk
               | being ostracized as well
        
               | causality0 wrote:
               | It's very much a "religion of society". There is dogma,
               | sins, shunning, confession, penance, blasphemy, heretics,
               | etc. Just because it doesn't have a creation myth doesn't
               | make it not religious.
        
               | evilduck wrote:
               | A more gratuitous interpretation is that someone who does
               | this is making an attempt to stave off the expected vapid
               | replies that occur whenever you mention polarizing topics
               | or people.
        
               | jay-barronville wrote:
               | This is so silly. Reading comments like these, you'd
               | think everyone on HN is a perfect human, without flaws
               | and liked by everyone. I'm glad someone like Elon doesn't
               | spend his time reading stuff like this and instead spends
               | most of his time kicking ass. In the long run, his
               | results will continue to speak for him.
        
               | causality0 wrote:
               | I mean, yes and no. In principle I agree with you but
               | Musk very much does also spend his time reading stuff
               | like this and getting into internet slap fights. Last
               | time I checked he was tweeting 29.2 times a day, or
               | roughly once every thirty minutes of wake time.
        
               | strken wrote:
               | Half the problem with Elon is that he _does_ spend some
               | of his time reading stuff like this and shitposting on
               | the website formerly known as Twitter about it, instead
               | of going to work or sitting on a beach reading something
               | more useful.
               | 
               | Upon reflection this is also a problem with me, but I
               | don't own SpaceX or Tesla, so fewer people are going to
               | call me out on it.
        
               | marcusverus wrote:
               | Elon's name is mud among progressives. He's a vocal
               | opponent of "the woke mind virus", and he single-handedly
               | broke the leftists' editorial monopoly on social media,
               | so it makes sense that they dislike him. In certain
               | hysterical echochambers, they've convinced themselves
               | that Elon is a literal nazi. I am not exaggerating.
               | 
               | You've also got to remember that most places aren't as
               | cordial as HN. In most echochambers around the internet,
               | wrongthink is swiftly punished by downvotes, bans, and/or
               | hateful comments. As a result, any comment which might
               | upset the hivemind must be prefaced with a brief
               | profession of faith, so as to inform the hive that you
               | are one of the hive, and not a dreaded _other_.
               | 
               | Thus, for a denizen of those echochambers, any comment
               | about Elon _which could be interpreted as positive_ must
               | be prefaced accordingly.
        
               | EricDeb wrote:
               | Yes Musk broke the monopoly of leftists owning social
               | media. Mark Zuckerburg of course being one of the most
               | famous leftists /s
        
               | jay-barronville wrote:
               | > The man has objectively created some incredible
               | businesses.
               | 
               | What an understatement. He's one of the most impactful
               | humans in the world and one of the greatest entrepreneurs
               | America can claim as our own (despite him not being born
               | here). I find it beyond unfortunate that so many in this
               | community constantly feel the need to belittle Elon or
               | downplay his accomplishments simply because they don't
               | like the guy, his politics, etc.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | He has an extremely dark side that impedes him and
               | everyone around him, regardless of the extraordinary
               | success he experienced.
               | 
               | That man need a therapist.
               | 
               | The public hatred he has gotten is his making,
               | ultimately.
        
               | secfirstmd wrote:
               | He bought an extremely dangerous product in Twitter,
               | remove most content moderation and now is contributing to
               | huge risks to democratic systems all over the world.
        
               | kQq9oHeAz6wLLS wrote:
               | As a non Twitter/X user, I keep hearing this take and I
               | gotta say... I just don't see it.
               | 
               | To me, there has been no significant change, aside from
               | hearing more people on the left bemoan that Elon is
               | giving "dangerous" people on the right a platform.
               | 
               | But I honestly don't see an actual difference aside from
               | people saying there is one.
        
               | KerrAvon wrote:
               | P U S S Y I N B I O
        
               | KerrAvon wrote:
               | Seriously, your response to this is "I don't use the
               | product. The product doesn't seem any different to me
               | under new ownership." Do you not see the inherent
               | contradiction?
        
               | nelox wrote:
               | I agree and further to your point, I'd suggest he would
               | never have achieved anything like what he has achieved in
               | any other country other than the USA. Imagine SpaceX was
               | based in the UK, EU, or Asia. It would be shackled beyond
               | recognition.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | > feel the need to belittle Elon or downplay his
               | accomplishments simply because they don't like the guy
               | 
               | It's not simply that people think he's annoying. There is
               | a perspective that he's a _legitimate threat to
               | democracy_ since buying Twitter. I also find it hard to
               | stomach someone wanting to move  'humanity' forward when
               | "his politics" involves denying the humanity of people he
               | doesn't like.
               | 
               | Say what you will about his accomplishments, but none of
               | them were made in a vacuum. He isn't a god, he's a bad
               | person (for more reasons than listed above) with
               | ambition. I promise you, we don't _need_ bad people to
               | lead technological progress. We could have good people,
               | but assholes have the advantage as long as we don 't
               | force them to care about the consequences of their
               | "success."
        
               | bluescrn wrote:
               | There is also a perspective that the worryingly popular
               | 'silence all dissent' mentality is vastly more of a
               | threat to democracy than anything Elon has done.
        
             | cletus wrote:
             | I don't want to go deep down this rabbit hole but IMHO
             | there has been a whole lot of historical revisionism and
             | propaganda regarding the history of both Tesla and SpaceX.
             | 
             | Tesla lists Elon Musk as a founder but he didn't found it.
             | He was an early investor who essentially took over the
             | company. Tesla only exists through government largesse,
             | specifically carbon tax credits. Also, it arguably only
             | survived thanks to a 2009 Department of Energy loan (for
             | $465 million). If you look at the history here, this loan
             | is under a cloud.
             | 
             | This is particularly funny given Elon's self-made
             | propaganda.
             | 
             | SpaceX succeeded (IMHO) in spite of Elon not because of
             | him. I've read (admittedly unverified) accounts where
             | someone in SpaceX's leadership essentially built a wall
             | around Elon to insulate the rest of the company from him.
             | SpaceX engineers themselves are a byproduct of NASA to a
             | large degree. Also, SpaceX could not have succeeded without
             | government loans, grants and contracts. Even today, it's
             | completely reliant on the government purse.
             | 
             | Both Tesla and SpaceX have made huge promises and under-
             | delivered on them or delivered late. People forget how
             | delayed the Falcon timeline was. It just didn't matter
             | because there was no competition: the ULA, for example, is
             | a jobs program with no interest in competing on price or
             | features.
             | 
             | And self-driving Telsas, anyone? Anyone?
        
               | geocrasher wrote:
               | You have good points, but I really feel like most of
               | those things could be said about any successful company
               | in the aerospace business.
        
               | vl wrote:
               | I own a Tesla, for practical purposes it is self-driving.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | Including into the back of emergency vehicles?
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | Seriously? Your definition of "self-driving" must be
               | different from normal.
               | 
               | Any proper understanding of the term "self driving",
               | including the way Musk advertises it, is 'tell car
               | through the UI where you want it to go, sit back and it
               | _reliably_ gets you there with zero further input, better
               | than the average human driver '.
               | 
               | Please post a video of it doing this for any route on
               | real roads, with no driver input. Seriously. I'd love to
               | see it, because I never have.
               | 
               | I've seen Tesla videos with _few_ required driver
               | interventions. But not none. And from the accidents I 've
               | read about, I sure as shirt would not give it a
               | destination and recline reading a book. Especially on
               | left-turns and near emergency vehicles, turning trucks,
               | or construction barriers.
               | 
               | So, what is your definition of self-driving, and what
               | performance can you show? And in what road conditions?
        
               | postmeta wrote:
               | I don't want to go deep down this rabbit hole, but when
               | Elon "took over the company" it had no IP, or products,
               | or employees and had produced nothing of value.
               | 
               | Attributing the success of Tesla to a government loan
               | they paid back early is also joke and insulting to all
               | the hard work of the employees and other investors.
        
               | tempnow987 wrote:
               | "Tesla only exists through government largesse,
               | specifically carbon tax credits."
               | 
               | This assumes no subsidies for oil and gas (plenty,
               | including depreciation below cost basis!)
               | 
               | In terms of credits - those are in the 2%-3% range of
               | revenue.
               | 
               | In terms of SpaceX being the most dependent on the govt -
               | totally false. Things like SLS are cost plus, have cost
               | $20 billion with almost nothing to show for it. SpaceX is
               | so available, cheap and reliable they are literally
               | launching ESA payloads (ESA won't even mention them its
               | so embarrassing), most commercial payloads that can
               | actually go to bid and competitors payloads (looking at
               | you Amazon).
        
               | treme wrote:
               | Surprised someone on HN would parrot popular reddit trope
               | of Elon's accomplishments.
               | 
               | Taking a car which was essentially at concept car stage
               | to mass production levels and becoming the most valued
               | car company in the world, more so than all other car
               | companies in the world combined is a ridiculous
               | accomplishment in itself.
               | 
               | "IMHO based on unverified anecdotes I've read on
               | internets" please keep those to yourself. Many verified
               | people that worked at SpaceX vouch for his
               | knowledge/leadership being crucial to SpaceX's success.
        
             | pknomad wrote:
             | I think you really put this well:
             | 
             | This is in opposition to the usual "the only point of a
             | business is to make money" ethos that so permeates
             | neoliberal capitalism that we hardly even notice it
             | anymore. The latter is dysfunctional, inhuman, and
             | ultimately bad for business.
             | 
             | Call it cynicism, but decision calculus from upstairs
             | always work in that direction (i.e. gotta hit arbitrary
             | financial goals for this quarter because that's how bonuses
             | and comp gets dictated) so I think in that mindset so I
             | don't setup myself for disappointment or surprise if a
             | decision that doesn't appeal to that shorted-sighted
             | thinking doesn't gain traction.
        
           | starik36 wrote:
           | True about founding before SpaceX. But wasn't it just a think
           | tank for a while?
        
           | jvanderbot wrote:
           | Any sufficiently large acquisition is indistinguishable from
           | a jobs program.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | It's a really exciting time. Also the Chinese have lots of
         | space going on. Chang'e 5 is on its way back from the moon.
         | Tiangong is quite large now. I'm thrilled to see humanity
         | accelerate this.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related. Others?
       | 
       |  _Boeing and NASA call off Starliner crew launch minutes before
       | liftoff_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40547338 - June
       | 2024 (47 comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing 's Starliner Crew Flight Test delayed again, path
       | forward unclear_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40434398
       | - May 2024 (28 comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing Starliner 's first crewed mission scrubbed_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40281272 - May 2024 (162
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _NASA and Boeing Are (Finally) Putting Astronauts on Starliner_
       | - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39843148 - March 2024 (9
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing has now lost $1.1B on Starliner, with no crew flight in
       | sight_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36879769 - July
       | 2023 (218 comments)
       | 
       |  _NASA safety panel skeptical of Starliner readiness for crewed
       | flight_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36085531 - May
       | 2023 (27 comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing to ground Starliner indefinitely until valve issue
       | solved_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28185195 - Aug
       | 2021 (42 comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing Starliner 's flight's flaws show "fundamental problem,"
       | NASA says_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22297564 - Feb
       | 2020 (140 comments)
       | 
       |  _NASA Shares Initial Findings from Boeing Starliner Orbital Test
       | Investigation_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22266747 -
       | Feb 2020 (14 comments)
       | 
       |  _Starliner faced "catastrophic" failure before software bug
       | found_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22260731 - Feb 2020
       | (60 comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing reports a $410M charge in case NASA decides Starliner
       | needs another test_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22194735 - Jan 2020 (55
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing Starliner updates: Spacecraft flies into wrong orbit,
       | jeopardizing test_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21843988 - Dec 2019 (240
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _New Spacesuit Unveiled for Starliner Astronauts_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13488096 - Jan 2017 (65
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Boeing-SpaceX Team Split Space Taxi Award_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8326845 - Sept 2014 (115
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _NASA to Make Major Announcement Today About Astronaut Transport
       | to the ISS_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8324848 - Sept
       | 2014 (43 comments)
       | 
       |  _SpaceX Vies With Boeing as NASA's Taxi to Station_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8296567 - Sept 2014 (49
       | comments)
        
       | wigster wrote:
       | boeing + spaceflight. they are braver than i
        
         | cooper_ganglia wrote:
         | No one can hear you blow a whistle in space.
        
         | Diederich wrote:
         | Yeah this morning I was thinking about what the astronauts must
         | be thinking.
         | 
         | I would ride the Atlas/Centaur stack, it's been exceedingly
         | reliable. Starliner itself? Not quite yet, given its checkered
         | history.
         | 
         | Boeing brings up nothing but sadness in me these days. I
         | really, really, really want that company to succeed and be
         | awesome. Hopefully going forward Starliner will bring forward
         | the excellence that has been Boeing in the past.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | Despite headlines, air travel gets safer and safer every year.
         | At least when measured by fatalities per departure. Boeing has
         | had several high profile failures, but it's correlated with a
         | huge increase in flights and a huge increase in expectations.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | The problem is more that those failures were entirely
           | preventable and caused by decisions that prioritised economic
           | motives over security. And the manufacturer was squarely to
           | blame, which is also not the case in most accidents.
           | 
           | Even when the industry overall is doing pretty well, we
           | should still scrutinize every incident. There's no such thing
           | as acceptable fatalities.
        
           | btmiller wrote:
           | Don't mistake the momentum of past success for current
           | engineering and safety practices. If the MAX and 787 can get
           | released with defects slipping out, there's little certainty
           | which other corners are being cut that can wipe out all
           | progress of safety in the blink of an eye.
        
         | MarcScott wrote:
         | > I felt exactly how you would feel if you were getting ready
         | to launch and knew you were sitting on top of 2 million parts
         | -- all built by the lowest bidder on a government contract.
         | 
         | John Glenn
        
           | somenameforme wrote:
           | Oh but now it's so unimaginably worse than that. Boeing lost
           | the contract for commercial crew to SpaceX, who was indeed
           | the lowest bidder. But Boeing has connections, and got
           | Congress to make NASA also give them a contract. So they did.
           | And Boeing's contract ended up being worth about 50% more
           | than the contract SpaceX got. It was expected Boeing was
           | going to be the first to start launching crewed missions by a
           | fairly wide margin. SpaceX started in 2020. Boeing started,
           | right now.
           | 
           | Oh and the build up to this finale is no less... odd. Boeing
           | did their pad abort test - demonstrating the ability for
           | their capsule to rocket off on its on, like it might do from
           | a failing rocket. And that test failed with only 2 out of 3
           | of the parachutes opening. But insert 'Boeing influence' -
           | NASA decided it was a clear success. And not just any
           | success, but a success so clearly successful that they simply
           | let Boeing completely skip the launch abort test (where you'd
           | to the same escape test, but in flight) and moved right on to
           | complete unmanned tests to the ISS.
           | 
           | So they launch their first mission to the ISS, and completely
           | miss the station leaving the craft in a potentially
           | catastrophic scenario, though it does eventually make its way
           | back to Earth. So NASA just pats them on the back 'Happens to
           | us all! Just give it another go!' So they do, and on this
           | flight 1/6th of the thrusters on the approach module failed,
           | but by some act of God (and backup thrusters), the craft
           | somehow managed to mate with the ISS. So of course NASA said,
           | "Brilliant! Success! Bring on the humans!"
           | 
           | And that's where we are right now. And _that_ is the company
           | behind the rocket that 's under you right now.
        
             | bunderbunder wrote:
             | Though, considering the culture of normalization of
             | deviance that developed in NASA's human spaceflight
             | division during the Shuttle's 30-year track record of near
             | and not-so-near misses, it's hard to imagine why we should
             | expect NASA to demand anything different. These two
             | organizations were made for each other.
        
       | skc wrote:
       | Ever since I finished all 4 seasons of "For All Mankind" I've
       | been eating up news like this.
       | 
       | Truly awe inspiring stuff happening these days
        
       | KenArrari wrote:
       | I hope someone double checked those doors.
        
       | ConcernedCoder wrote:
       | I'm glad everything went ok.
        
       | divbzero wrote:
       | Photographs of the launch from Reuters:
       | 
       | https://reuters.com/pictures/boeings-starliner-blasts-off-fi...
        
       | surume wrote:
       | Unfortunately one of the doors came off mid-flight...
        
       | LightBug1 wrote:
       | Excellent ... we need alternatives and competition in space.
        
       | dm03514 wrote:
       | This is a n00b question, but how do regulations apply to private
       | human crewed missions in the US?
       | 
       | Are there clear guidelines already written? I'm assuming it
       | inherits a lot of rules of general aviation? But since private
       | firms launching into space is new, do the rules and regulations
       | keep up? Or are they still to be written?
        
         | gamepsys wrote:
         | US regulation applies. On top of US regulation, basically every
         | nation will see you as a potential security risk because the
         | difference between an ICBM and space launch rocket is mostly
         | payload and flight path.
        
         | manquer wrote:
         | Rocket regulations apply including ITAR, FAA and others for any
         | payload human or cargo launched on any vehicle . The launch
         | doesn't have to be even to launched from the US, rocket lab
         | have to comply with them even when launching from New Zealand.
         | 
         | There are host of rules that NASA has for human spaceflight
         | these are not regulations per se. Till now NASA has been the
         | only buyer[1][2] of human spaceflights or the destination has
         | been ISS which is jointly managed by them so even private
         | operators to comply with these rules.
         | 
         | SpaceX and now Boeing human rate their spacecrafts to these
         | specifications to allow them to compete for commercial crew
         | contracts or dock to ISS[4].
         | 
         | In the next few years this will change, NASA is research
         | organization not a regulatory authority sooner or later
         | regulations have to move to either FAA or another new entity.
         | 
         | Currently no regulations exist for space proper. FAA does
         | control a lot of launch related items, but don't regulate
         | things like spacesuits that now spaceX is developing currently.
         | 
         | There are no strict limits to FAA authority they do control
         | Virgin rocket planes although it does cross the US defined line
         | for space .
         | 
         | Knowing Musk's temperament, what is likely to happen is FAA
         | will try to extend their authority that he deems is overreach
         | and he will sue in court saying they have no jurisdiction,
         | either Supreme Court will say they do (not likely in Robert's
         | court) or congress will have pass law regulating this ( less
         | likely in current congress it is too dysfunctional) but these
         | things may change in the next few years when it does happen
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | [1] Axiom buys private launches from spaceX but they still dock
         | to ISS so I expect NASA rules apply.
         | 
         | [2] Jared Issacman's last mission was the true first fully
         | private mission to space but still used mostly stock Dragon so
         | they mostly likely followed NASA rules
         | 
         | [3] all this from US perspective , Soyuz and China has
         | capabilities and Soyuz and also in Mir space station have had
         | some commercial flights of course
         | 
         | [4] only place you can go today , end of this decade there
         | maybe private station or moon or even mars but not today
        
       | qwertox wrote:
       | One thing which surprised me a bit was how fast it left the
       | launch pad. It took just a second or a little bit more.
       | 
       | With Starship it appeared as if it was struggling to lift off,
       | staying for a while burning fuel until it left the launch pad and
       | even then it felt a bit slow at accelerating.
       | 
       | I'll see tomorrow if it was just an illusion.
        
         | ericbarrett wrote:
         | This has to do with the launch vehicle's thrust to weight ratio
         | (TWR) on the ground with a full tank. It's usually between 1.1
         | and 1.4. The Russian Proton has a famously high ground TWR and
         | is known for "leaping" off the pad. Maybe Starliner is the same
         | in this initial crewed LEO config.
        
         | Ductapemaster wrote:
         | I'm not a rocket scientist but I do know the two rockets use
         | different propellants. The Atlas V uses solid propellant, and
         | the Starship uses liquid. I know liquid engines have the
         | ability to throttle them, and I would guess solid does not (or
         | a more limited capacity) so that could be at play here.
         | Starship could ignite and then throttle up, which would leave
         | it on the pad longer. I'm sure someone more knowledgeable than
         | I can clarify!
        
         | rdruxn wrote:
         | Starship (including the Super Heavy) weighs about 10x as much
         | as the Starliner (including the Atlas V)
        
         | gorkish wrote:
         | For one, Starship is 392 ft vs 172ft of Atlas V + Starliner.
         | Even if they accelerate off the pad at the same rate, Starship
         | is going to look like it's moving a lot slower.
        
         | tempnow987 wrote:
         | The better comparison is probably Falcon 9 and Crew Dragon in
         | terms of mass / mission etc. Starship is in a totally different
         | class
         | 
         | For Falcon 9 - it will look slower on takeoff as well. One
         | reason not mentioned yet is that after engine start, Falcon is
         | held down until all vehicle systems are verified as functioning
         | normally before release for liftoff. So they can do pressure /
         | thrust etc checks on the ground before releasing.
         | 
         | With solid rocket motors especially - once you light those you
         | are pretty committed.
        
           | ericbarrett wrote:
           | Mass does not strictly matter, it is the ground TWR of the
           | launch config. Heavier rockets do tend to have a lower TWR
           | but it is not a universal rule.
           | 
           | Starliner is also held for confirmation of all systems being
           | functional even with the SRBs. Better to let them burn out on
           | the pad and clean up the mess than to risk release with, say,
           | asymmetrical thrust. That said I'm sure there are variances
           | between the two rockets' procedures which could make one
           | appear faster.
        
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