[HN Gopher] Pigeon towers: The rise and fall of a 17th-century s...
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       Pigeon towers: The rise and fall of a 17th-century status symbol
       (2015)
        
       Author : jihadjihad
       Score  : 56 points
       Date   : 2024-06-03 15:23 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.atlasobscura.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.atlasobscura.com)
        
       | xenocratus wrote:
       | First time I became aware of dovecotes was on a trip to Egypt,
       | when we were trying to figure out what the weirdly shaped
       | buildings were. Here's another Atlas Obscura article about them:
       | 
       | https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/gahmr-delta
       | 
       | Closer photo:
       | 
       | https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/traditional-egyptian-dovecot...
        
       | kentosi-dw wrote:
       | So fascinating! TIL that: 1. People farmed pigeons in the 17th
       | century, which makes me wonder at what point chickens were
       | introduced. 2. England and France seemingly have no native root
       | vegetables to plant for winter.
        
         | Tuna-Fish wrote:
         | > at what point chickens were introduced
         | 
         | In southern Europe, early iron age, circa 800BCE.
         | 
         | Pigeons were farmed because their meat was considered to be
         | better than that of chickens, which were a "lower class" meat.
        
           | MikeTheGreat wrote:
           | The idea that pigeon meat was considered to be better than
           | chicken meat is fascinating.
           | 
           | That said - is there a volume challenge with pigeons (vs.
           | chickens)?
           | 
           | Like, I feel like now-a-days I can get a reasonably good
           | volume of chicken meat on the bone (breasts, drumsticks to
           | some extent, maybe some wings?) but pigeons seem small enough
           | that you'd need like 4-10 for a single meal for a 4 person
           | family.
           | 
           | It feels like it's easier to produce more chicken meat, and
           | more cheaply (is this why it's less desirable than pigeon
           | meat)?
           | 
           | Also, it's time for lunch apparently :)
        
         | truculent wrote:
         | I'm not sure where the article is getting this from, but it
         | seems as though turnips and other root vegetables were
         | available before the Columbian exchange took off:
         | 
         | > The Old English word neep - a name now only seen in Scotland
         | alongside tatties and haggis - goes back to at least the 10th
         | century, but turnip ("turn-neep") is only about 500 years old.
         | 
         | > Historically, the word "turnip" didn't only refer to the
         | round purple root, but root vegetables of various shapes,
         | colours and sizes. Sixteenth-century botanist John Gerard was
         | particularly keen on "small turneps", which he said were much
         | sweeter than the large kind and grown in a village called
         | Hackney outside London.
         | 
         | From: https://theconversation.com/turnips-how-britain-fell-out-
         | of-...
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | Pigeons are still farmed.
        
       | jollyllama wrote:
       | The pigeonhole principle makes more sense after looking at the
       | interior picture here.
        
       | IncreasePosts wrote:
       | Why weren't commoners allowed to build dovecotes? Did they think
       | the carrying capacity of the land was limited to what the lords
       | could eat? Would pigeons see other dovecotes and decide to roost
       | there instead of the lord's?
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumptuary_law
         | 
         |  _" The laws often prevented commoners from imitating the
         | appearance of aristocrats, and could be used to stigmatize
         | disfavoured groups. In Late Medieval cities, sumptuary laws
         | were instituted as a way for the nobility to limit the
         | conspicuous consumption of the prosperous bourgeoisie.
         | Bourgeois subjects appearing to be as wealthy as or wealthier
         | than the ruling nobility could undermine the nobility's
         | presentation of themselves as powerful, legitimate rulers."_
        
           | garciansmith wrote:
           | Sumptuary laws might have been part of it. But likely it was
           | that natural resources were all highly regulated by the end
           | of the Middle Ages in Western Europe. That was especially
           | true of hunting and fishing rights (even things like taking
           | firewood from a forest could be regulated), so I imagine that
           | keeping animals like pigeons were an offshoot of those kinds
           | of customary rights and laws.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | Manorial and feudal societies were a much different paradigm.
         | _Everything_ was seen as the purview of the lord - you couldn
         | 't build a pond, barn, stable, etc unless it was in service of
         | the manor. In this regard dovecotes are not particularly
         | special.
         | 
         | While there may have been class restrictions in certain times
         | and places, in all likelihood most lords probably sold pigeons
         | at the market and commoners bought them that way.
        
           | jollyllama wrote:
           | It's really not that different now; try building a dovecote
           | and see what your local officials think of it.
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | If the manor lord did not exist, it would be necessary to
             | invent him in the form of a HOA.
             | 
             | https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/276172/if-god-
             | di...
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | > This Elizabethan convenience food, however, was not available
       | to all. "Dovecotes for the time were a badge of the elite," says
       | John Verburg, a dovecote devotee and self-styled "Jane Goodall of
       | pigeons." During the reign of Elizabeth I, a pigeon tower was a
       | privilege reserved only for feudal lords. And this law was
       | enforced: Cooke wrote of a case in England in 1577 in which a
       | "tenant who had erected a dovecote on a royal manor was ordered
       | by the Court of Exchequer to demolish it."
       | 
       | This is actually how a lot of manorial/serf institutions worked.
       | You weren't allowed to build anything unapproved that might
       | compete with the services "offered" by the local lord. In many
       | places, building an _oven_ was illegal as it would undercut the
       | dues the lord would be paid for using his.
       | 
       | Most pigeons were probably sold to the local peasants, and the
       | rules were about enforcing state monopoly.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | thats much more 14th century.
         | 
         | by the 17th century serfdom had been "abolished" (old lizzy the
         | first did that)
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | Sure, but the article quotes a 1577 ruling to justify the
           | case that pigeons were only eaten by the elite.
           | 
           | By the 17th century the private dovecote might have hung
           | around as a status symbol, but there's no reason to believe
           | that in certain places and circumstances and fashions during
           | this whole period common folk were not eating pigeons if they
           | could afford it.
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | Similar monopolies are in place in many countries today --
         | healthcare, education, telecommunications and public utilities
         | like water and electricity are sometime regulated to the extend
         | that you literally have no choice but to use the services
         | offered by the state.
        
       | garciansmith wrote:
       | My grandparents had a two-story pigeonnier attached to their old
       | house in the Charente countryside. It was quite dilapidated, but
       | my grandfather still kept pigeons there up until he was no longer
       | mobile in the early 1990s. He'd occasionally catch a couple for
       | the family to eat for lunch. He took me up there a few times to
       | watch him feed his flock, which I always thought was neat. (Less
       | neat was when he served a pigeon with a hurt wing that my cousin
       | and I were trying to nurse back to health!)
       | 
       | After he died the pigeons moved on. Eventually his children sold
       | the place, but it took a long time to do that. I went up to the
       | pigeonnier one final time before the place was sold: no one had
       | been there in 15 years, the stairs were missing some rungs and I
       | wondered if the rotten floor of the top floor would hold my
       | weight. The only resident that remained was a lone bat who was
       | probably surprised to see a human up there. Would have been nice
       | if the next owners restored it, maybe even converted it into a
       | living space. But it was likely slated to be demolished.
       | 
       | I've always liked pigeons.
        
       | Ensorceled wrote:
       | Dundurn Castle in Hamilton, Ontario has a dovecote built in the
       | 1830s; they were still a status symbol in the colonies in the
       | 19th century.
       | 
       | Visiting this estate a few years ago sent me down the rabbit
       | hole, reading about pigeon towers around the world.
        
       | akurtzhs wrote:
       | Other fallen status symbols that come to mind, although lower
       | costs were the reason over better alternatives.
       | 
       | Aluminum before better material science dropped the price.
       | Dishes, utensils, the cap on the Washington Monument.
       | 
       | Pineapples before Dole setup plantations.
       | 
       | Gelatin had two phases: before refrigeration, it needed hours of
       | work in the kitchen. Then the status came from electrification
       | and owning a refrigerator.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | The reverse often happens, too!
         | 
         | Anytime I see grits on the menu at a fancy restaurant for $15 I
         | chuckle to myself quietly.
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | And inversely, "Consider the Lobster"
         | 
         |  _Even in the harsh penal environment of early America, some
         | colonies had laws against feeding lobsters to inmates more than
         | once a week because it was through to be cruel and unusual,
         | like making people eat rats._
         | 
         | http://www.columbia.edu/~col8/lobsterarticle.pdf
        
       | evtothedev wrote:
       | > At the time, root vegetables had not yet arrived in Britain,
       | meaning that in winter, farmers could not rely on their usual
       | crops to feed livestock such as pigs and cows. They were
       | therefore bereft of beef and bacon, and turned to alternative
       | sources of meat.
       | 
       | What the heck is going on in these two sentences.
       | 
       | First, I suspect they meant to say that potatoes hadn't yet
       | arrived. Turnips, for example, go back for over a thousand years.
       | 
       | Second, is the implication they couldn't keep any livestock over
       | winter because of a lack of root vegetables? Because what about
       | barley? Or silage?
       | 
       | Makes you start to question the rest of the article.
        
         | hobs wrote:
         | It also implies beef and bacon had to die every winter or
         | something, which is obviously not the case.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Beef and pigs had to die every fall - except for a "small"
           | amount that you would raise for next spring to start the next
           | generation. If possible you would prefer not to store food
           | for animals that you don't need to, so when the snow flies
           | you kill all the animals and then freeze it (snow = freezing
           | temperatures), storing it and using for the rest of the
           | winter to the best of your ability to store it. Smoking and
           | other preservatives methods would also be done to any meat in
           | fall, again so you don't have to harvest food to feed those
           | animals all winter. Harvest uses a lot of labor, so storing
           | food to feed animals isn't a good option when you can just
           | kill them and eat later.
           | 
           | Of course you need a lot of animals around to raise the next
           | generation. Still if you plan to eat it in winter the best
           | best was kill it in fall.
        
       | KaiserPro wrote:
       | > that dovecotes were in a great measure doomed when first the
       | turnip and the swede were introduced to British agriculture,
       | early in the eighteenth century,
       | 
       | Unless I'm missing something, turnips were in the UK since the
       | early middle ages. I know the argument is that they pulled up
       | turnips and swedes for winter storage, but I don't think that's
       | true. Pulling up root vegetables is hard fucking work.
       | 
       | I'm going to call bollocks on that reasoning. Around the 17th
       | century people made the change from using oxen just for pulling
       | to horses. Which meant cows were more for eating than ever
       | before.
       | 
       | Plus you'd have sheep, pigs, rabbit, fish, deer, and chickens for
       | winter protein.
        
         | PeterCorless wrote:
         | The horse collar got to England by the 12th Century -- around
         | or just after the late Norman era. However, it took until the
         | early 19th Century (c. 1840) for oxen to finally disappear from
         | the plowfield.
         | 
         | Why? Expense. In Domesday era [c. 1066-1086, before the horse
         | collar advent] small tenant farmers could get away with a
         | single yoke of oxen -- a single pair. While large farms used
         | teams of up to 8 to pull a plow through the rough clay.
         | 
         | As the medieval period transitioned into the modern you saw
         | larger and larger farms. A Domesday era villein might keep only
         | 120 acres under plow (48 hectares); a small holder with a
         | single yoke might only hold 30-40 acres (12-16 hectares).
         | 
         | Average farm sizes continues to grow to this day. Today the
         | average English farm is nearly 220 acres (88 hectares). Larger
         | farms, and more varied farmwork, meant the expense of horses
         | could be afforded better.
         | 
         | A chart in this report shows how the sheer number of horses did
         | not equal the number of oxen until the late 15th Century, when
         | it was estimated a little less than 400,000 of each creature
         | plowed fields throughout Britain.
         | 
         | There was a gap in the records until the middle of the 16th
         | Century. By then, and afterwards, the number of horses well
         | exceeds the number of oxen. That number continued to skyrocket
         | into the Victorian era, by which time use of oxen was nearly
         | eliminated.
         | 
         | And then, when the steam engine (and eventually petrol engine)
         | tractors came along, you'll see the agricultural horse
         | population likewise collapse.
         | 
         | https://ir.library.louisville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?articl...
        
       | adolph wrote:
       | Something that I don't see noted within the comments is that the
       | purpose wasn't to eat pigeon but to eat squab.
       | 
       |  _In culinary terminology, squab is an immature domestic pigeon,
       | typically under four weeks old, or its meat. Some authors
       | describe it as tasting like dark chicken._
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squab
       | 
       | [Edit]
       | 
       | Another note about pigeons: they feed their young milk produced
       | from a gland inside the upper throat: crop milk.
       | 
       |  _Pigeon 's milk begins to be produced a couple of days before
       | the eggs are due to hatch. The parents may cease to eat at this
       | point in order to be able to provide the squabs (baby pigeons and
       | doves) with milk uncontaminated by seeds, which the very young
       | squabs would be unable to digest. The baby squabs are fed on pure
       | crop milk for the first week or so of life, or about 10-14 days.
       | After this the parents begin to introduce a proportion of adult
       | food, softened by spending time in the moist conditions of the
       | adult crop, into the mix fed to the squabs, until by the end of
       | the second week they are being fed entirely on softened adult
       | food._
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crop_milk
        
       | Lammy wrote:
       | TIL the etymology of my favorite IMAP server's name
       | https://www.dovecot.org/
        
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       (page generated 2024-06-03 23:00 UTC)