[HN Gopher] Napster sparked a file-sharing revolution 25 years ago
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Napster sparked a file-sharing revolution 25 years ago
        
       Author : luuurker
       Score  : 276 points
       Date   : 2024-06-01 13:08 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (torrentfreak.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (torrentfreak.com)
        
       | NathanielBaking wrote:
       | Everything is free now That's what they say Everything I ever
       | done Gonna give it away Someone hit the big score They figured it
       | out That we're gonna do it anyway Even if it doesn't pay
       | 
       | Everything Is Free Song by Gillian Welch
        
       | bradleyjg wrote:
       | Napster was a big part of it, credit where credit is due, but
       | faster networks were the critical ingredient. I was in college at
       | the time and it blew up on campus, but for my friends still in
       | high school on DSL or even still POTS it was far less useful.
        
         | vlovich123 wrote:
         | I was on 56k and Napster was the best and fastest thing around
         | for a while, but more importantly had the largest library.
         | Gnutella/Kazaa took over but only once Napster shut down and
         | people started making their libraries available there. Torrents
         | came in short order but that was more coupled to when broadband
         | became much more widely adopted
        
         | skeeter2020 wrote:
         | Universities & Colleges have been ground zero for establishing
         | pretty much every major advancement, from the internet itself
         | to Doom, file sharing and Facebook. Lots of resources combined
         | with young, rich people with big ideas and energy who get the
         | benefit of knowledge & wisdom while almost universially staking
         | out a position in opposition to the established "way things
         | are".
        
       | sizzzzlerz wrote:
       | Still remember the very last day Napster was alive. It was an
       | absolute feeding frenzy as thousands and thousands of people were
       | attempting to download everything they could before it all went
       | away. Napster was, basically, a giant middle finger to the record
       | companies and their control over what got released and their
       | ability to put out albums containing one or two songs people
       | wanted and then stuffed with what ever crap they could shovel
       | into it.
       | 
       | The music business changed that day.
        
       | echelon wrote:
       | > According to the RIAA's former CEO, Hilary Rosen, a few months
       | after Napster's release, the music industry shifted into full
       | panic mode. In February 2000, all major label executives
       | discussed the threat during an RIAA board meeting at the Four
       | Seasons Hotel in Los Angeles.
       | 
       | > "I will never forget this day. All of the heads of the labels,
       | literally the titans of the music business, were in that room. I
       | had somebody wheel in a PC and put some speakers up and I started
       | doing a name that tune," Rosen later recalled.
       | 
       | > The major music bosses started to name tracks, including some
       | that weren't even released yet, and time and again Napster would
       | come up with results. Needless to say, the board was terrified.
       | 
       | They're about to be more terrified. Suno and Udio are just the
       | beginning of the complete unraveling of the need for studio
       | capital.
       | 
       | It's going to happen to Hollywood too.
        
         | gedy wrote:
         | Maybe, but don't discount media lobbying gov't, and trying to
         | generate moral outrage about AI stealing from artists, deep
         | fakes, AI safety, etc to make sure only big corps control AI.
        
           | jkolio wrote:
           | One of the funniest moments in modern music history, to me,
           | was when Kim Dotcom got a bunch of superstars to sing on a
           | track about how much they loved MegaUpload. One of the least
           | funny moments was when the RIAA and MPAA essentially directed
           | American and New Zealand authorities to raid his house, shut
           | down the MegaUpload website, seize all the servers, and jail
           | a bunch of his employees (Kim himself only barely escaping
           | extradition).
           | 
           | Episodes like that really do make me fearful of what
           | corporations might push government to do. If they want to get
           | you on something that isn't illegal, they'll try to make it
           | illegal. If it's already illegal, they'll try to make the
           | punishment as severe as possible. Oversight of, and
           | accountability from, these entities is paramount.
        
           | HeatrayEnjoyer wrote:
           | >AI stealing from artists, deep fakes, AI safety
           | 
           | This isn't generated outage, it's genuine, and objectively
           | justified. Trying to find clients was hard enough for artists
           | to begin with.
           | 
           | We should be automating hard labor so we can focus on art and
           | human interaction, but instead we're automating art and
           | interaction so we can focus on slaving away even harder. This
           | is somehow worse than any traditional dystopia story.
           | Government propaganda posters were at least the work of a
           | human hand.
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | It's not a conscious choice. It's the fact that the
             | convolutions that create human visual and auditory pleasure
             | are simple signals relative to logic and reasoning.
             | 
             | Nature itself is somehow shaped such that it is easier to
             | create beautiful patterns than it is to engineer complex
             | logical deductions.
             | 
             | It is a fundamental aspect of physics and reality. Beauty
             | is just simple patterns.
             | 
             | We figured out that art is simple math. Engineering and law
             | and planning not so much.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | I'd phrase it as: pop art and culture have been
               | optimizing themselves against the human psyche for so
               | long (much longer than engineering and law and planning)
               | that we have a pretty firm bead on what an every-person
               | will like (mathematically-speaking).
               | 
               | There's tons of avant garde art, but on average it's less
               | popular (because that's not what it's optimized for).
               | 
               | I wouldn't be surprised if GenAI commoditizes pop art,
               | but in turn creates greater demand for abstract, more
               | unique forms.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | By its nature, pop art and culture reduce itself to the
               | common expectations of everyone. And as such has only few
               | knobs to tune. But humans can appreciate a wide range of
               | qualities and the more you play on these dimensions, the
               | more reduced the people that will "get" it and appreciate
               | it.
               | 
               | GenAI can be great for pop art, but try to create
               | something unique to you or another person, and it will
               | fail miserably.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | > GenAI can be great for pop art, but try to create
               | something unique to you or another person, and it will
               | fail miserably.
               | 
               | GenAI is just a tool. Creating unique art with unique
               | perspectives is going to be more accessible to more
               | people.
               | 
               | Not everyone will put the work in, but there's a new
               | opportunity in a world full of opportunity cost.
        
               | internet101010 wrote:
               | Yep. Imagine you are a producer that doesn't sing very
               | well but knows exactly what you want. There are TTS VSTs
               | that allow for custom models. You can change the key,
               | length, modulation, etc. by just dragging the mouse along
               | the word(s) and it integrates into your DAW like any
               | other instrument.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | I'd make the argument that the nature of tools drives
               | much of mass/low-cost art (that is, the majority).
               | 
               | Very few people have the training and complete skill set
               | to fully customize everything.
               | 
               | Consequently, the further you get away from "doing the
               | thing" (e.g. playing an instrument) to "operating the
               | tool that does the thing" (e.g. writing music for a
               | player piano), the stronger impression the tool leaves on
               | your work.
               | 
               | See also the corralling of c64 demos into hardware
               | limitations. Or early electronic music vs 80s+.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | The electronic music point is good, but I wouldn't label
               | electronic music as inferior or not art.
               | 
               | It's about choosing which parts of your stack are
               | artisanal vs which parts are implemented for you. These
               | choices impact the form factor, but I wouldn't say that
               | they diminish the work itself.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | > _We figured out that art is simple math._
               | 
               | Art is not about making things beautiful. It's about
               | making things meaningful. Unless compelled by external
               | reasons (Money,...) artists wish to express themselves
               | and to do so the best way the can.
               | 
               | > _Engineering and law and planning not so much._
               | 
               | All of these aims to be as precise as they can be and
               | wish that they could be Math. But Nature and Humanity
               | randomness won't let them be.
        
               | wrl wrote:
               | > We figured out that art is simple math. Engineering and
               | law and planning not so much.
               | 
               | Simple math... but mostly a ton of existing human-
               | generated art. Don't act like generative AI isn't
               | standing on a _lot_ of collective shoulders.
               | 
               | > Engineering and law and planning not so much.
               | 
               | Maybe OpenAI should have trained it on that first? Simple
               | math, right?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | > Don't act like generative AI isn't standing on a lot of
               | collective shoulders.
               | 
               | Everything is standing on a lot of collective shoulders.
        
             | gedy wrote:
             | Don't blame "AI" for all the cheapening of the arts. It's
             | been that way for a long time, largely due to mass media
             | giving away for very cheap. No one already wants to pay for
             | anything, and artists don't help by putting their works in
             | digital form on the internet. If I want to train a computer
             | model on all this digital stuff, so be it.
             | 
             | If you want to be an artist: perform music live, make a
             | real object like a painting or sculpture, act in a play,
             | etc. Don't be a digital "artist" it's already worth next to
             | nothing.
        
             | Teever wrote:
             | The royal we.
             | 
             | What steps have you personally taken to automating hard
             | labour?
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | > objectively justified.
             | 
             | Subjectively.
             | 
             | GenAI is just a tool.
             | 
             | Artists learn the craft of analogy, allusion, satire, and
             | storytelling. These are portable to new forms and methods
             | of creation, and they'll continue to serve artists that use
             | GenAI.
             | 
             | Software engineers have been constantly reinventing
             | themselves since forever. The stack and frameworks you
             | learn won't last forever, and the field continually gets
             | easier to enter year over year. This is no different than
             | what artists now face.
             | 
             | And now bigger forms of automation and process are
             | available to artists. They don't need studios or big
             | budgets to achieve monumental works - they'll be making
             | movies and games soon. (Without publishers!) And the 99% of
             | non-artists aren't going to put the work in.
             | 
             | These tools are going to be incredible for the artists that
             | adopt them. We're going to see a whole bunch of Vivienne
             | Medranoses, Zach Hadels, and Michael Cusacks.
        
             | devbent wrote:
             | > We should be automating hard labor so we can focus on art
             | and human interaction
             | 
             | We have being doing that for over 100 years now. Look at
             | industrial productivity per worker, it skyrocketed
             | throughout the 20th century. It has plateaued only because
             | all the low and medium hanging fruit was long ago picked
             | and now engineers are busy doing incremental improvements.
             | 
             | I am genuinely curious what sacrifices would have to be
             | made of we went with a fully automated community, from
             | growing food to putting it on store shelves, to running the
             | store, cleaning it, everything. Obviously not all foods are
             | possible to automate end to end, but I wonder how far we
             | could go.
        
         | sumedh wrote:
         | Steve Jobs was able to use their fear to sign up most
         | publishers on itunes.
        
           | 39896880 wrote:
           | And sell outrageously priced MP3 players. There's no way
           | people were stocking those things with music they paid for.
        
             | tbihl wrote:
             | Mostly, yeah. My dad, brothers, and I (all one household)
             | had probably 200 CDs between us that we ripped and listened
             | to repeatedly. Paid once per person? Doubtful, but yes, we
             | paid.
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | This is exactly what happens when a reverse salient
             | collapses and opens up a new channel of distribution.
        
               | jdenning wrote:
               | OT: thanks for introducing me to the term "reverse
               | salient"! That's a very useful concept.
        
             | musicale wrote:
             | > outrageously priced MP3 players
             | 
             | Like the best Apple designs, the iPod redefined its product
             | category. And it put Apple back on track for ARM-based
             | mobile devices.
             | 
             | > There's no way people were stocking those things with
             | music they paid for
             | 
             | Indeed. But you could also rip physical CDs, and the iTunes
             | store managed to sell a lot of 99 cent song downloads, as
             | it was legal, easier than messing with file sharing, and
             | cheaper than buying a whole CD just for a single song.
             | 
             | Arguably the music industry messed up greatly by not making
             | CD singles cheap and ubiquitous (and solving issues with 3"
             | CDs in slot-loading car players, etc.)
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | > _no wireless. less space than a nomad. outrageously
             | expensive_
        
         | localfirst wrote:
         | I was reading parents comment with a bit of cynicism
         | 
         | until I tried suno and I believe we are going to see
         | significant garnishing of wages in creative field
         | 
         | https://suno.com/song/dc950e10-6bbe-4649-8cdb-7a4d81762aae
        
           | CyberDildonics wrote:
           | _I believe we are going to see significant garnishing of
           | wages in creative field_
           | 
           |  _A wage garnishment is any legal or equitable procedure
           | through which some portion of a person 's earnings is
           | required to be withheld for the payment of a debt. Most
           | garnishments are made by court order._
           | 
           | You think because of auto generated music there are going to
           | be court orders to take money out of the paychecks of people
           | in 'creative fields'?
           | 
           | Garnish wages means taking money out of what someone has
           | already earned.
        
       | mmh0000 wrote:
       | Napster was such an improvement over what it replaced, but, it's
       | funny by today's standards Napster was so "basic".
       | 
       | I remember waiting 3+ hours for a single song to download. Then
       | discovering it wasn't what I wanted but a troll who renamed the
       | `Barney The Dinosaur I love you` song. Then I'd spend another 3+
       | hours downloading a different song. Ah 56k internet, what fun.
       | 
       | Today, TPB and a quick search can give you an artist's entire
       | discography in one go. Or if you're into automation, lidarr ,
       | sonarr , and radarr can pull in your favorite things as soon as
       | they're released.
       | 
       | What I find most strange about the modern day piracy is quality.
       | It blows my mind how different groups fight to offer the best
       | version of a free thing. And they're so good at it, that the
       | pirated product is usually substantially better than the official
       | version.
        
         | im3w1l wrote:
         | 3+hours? I remember being able to download roughly 10 songs in
         | an hour.
        
           | mmh0000 wrote:
           | Look. It was 25 years ago. I'm an old man now. My memory of
           | that time is a haze of multiplayer Quake strategy. How about
           | I rephrase it: it FELT like 3+ hours.
        
             | jl6 wrote:
             | It could still have been 3 hours as you would have been
             | constrained not only by your own download speed, but also
             | the peer's upload speed, and they might have been on an
             | even crappier dial-up line or sharing their bandwidth with
             | other uploads.
        
               | brabel wrote:
               | IIRC Napster downloaded from multiple peers if possible.
               | Each peer could restrict bandwidth so that they didn't
               | get overwhelmed with outbound traffic. So speed would
               | depend vastly on the popularity of content... if many
               | people could provide a song, you could download it
               | quickly (for the time: maybe a few minutes per song), but
               | those where you had to rely on a single peer at a time
               | could take hours.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | I'm not sure, but i think it was napster's succesors that
               | introduced that. I dont think napster had that sort of
               | thing.
        
               | brabel wrote:
               | Too long ago, you could be right, maybe KaZaA?
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | I think so. KaZaa was somewhat famous for implementing
               | that feature using the non-cryptographically secure
               | UUHash algorithm (instead of something like sha1) for
               | better performance, which allowed trolls to insert fake
               | file parts into your downloads.
        
               | brabel wrote:
               | I found a post talking about KaZaA and Napster, and
               | that's right: I forgot but Napster had a central server
               | to provide files, that's why it was so easy to shut
               | down...
               | 
               | https://computer.howstuffworks.com/kazaa.htm
               | 
               | KaZaA didn't store the files itself so it was thought
               | they wouldn't be possible to shutdown. From the site
               | above:
               | 
               | "While Kazaa claims to be "completely legal," there are
               | those who disagree: The free-to-download blue files are
               | controlled by Kazaa users and include copyrighted
               | content."
               | 
               | "Later that year, Kazaa was sued again, this time in the
               | United States by the Recording Industry Association of
               | America (RIAA) and the Motion Picture Association (MPAA).
               | As of February 2005, the decision in that suit is still
               | pending."
               | 
               | I remember they started suing individual users at that
               | time... I found an article explaining that:
               | 
               | https://www.videoproc.com/resource/what-happened-to-
               | kazaa.ht...
               | 
               | "In September 2003, the RIAA filed lawsuits against over
               | 250 individuals, accusing them of illegally distributing
               | about 1,000 copyright music files each, using P2P
               | networks. RIAA sought an average compensation of $3,000
               | per case."
               | 
               | The result of the first case:
               | 
               | "In July 2006, the MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd.
               | caused Sharman to settle for $100 million, the amount to
               | compensate the loss of four major music labels - EMI,
               | Sony BMG, Universal Music, and Warner Music. The company
               | also agreed to pay an undisclosed amount to the studios
               | in the industry."
               | 
               | It's unclear exactly how Kazaa got down, the article
               | concludes with "In August 2012, the Kazaa website was no
               | longer active."... "the rise of legal streaming services
               | such as iTunes, Spotify, and Netflix further compounded
               | Kazaa's demise.".
               | 
               | Looks like the music industry managed to scare people
               | away from pirating instead of actually succeeding in
               | bringing them down directly, which is more or less what I
               | remember.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | bit torrent is basically the succesor to all this, and
               | torrenting sites like the pirate bay are still going
               | strong.
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | Napster used a centralized server for indexing but
               | downloads were peer-to-peer. This is what made Napster so
               | awesome on college campuses: you could _find_ anything,
               | but if you chose a local peer, the actual download would
               | happen over the college LAN at godly speeds.
               | 
               | Gnutella brought peer-to-peer searches. Basically it used
               | a flood-fill algorithm: your search would be broadcast to
               | all connected peers, which would broadcast it to all
               | peers that hadn't seen it yet, until somebody responded
               | with the file and their IP and you could download
               | directly from them. Interestingly Ethereum uses basically
               | the same algorithm for block distribution, with some
               | optimizations that were first published by RTM, who was
               | one of the founders of YCombinator.
               | 
               | Kazaa's innovation was to split the peer space into
               | "ordinary nodes" and "superpeers", with the observation
               | that not all bandwidth links were equal. It would enlist
               | hosts on high-bandwidth connections to form quasi-
               | centralized indexing nodes to organize the network
               | topology for all the low-bandwidth consumer nodes. It's a
               | similar principle to how the Lightning Network works for
               | Bitcoin, or how L2s on Ethereum operate. This also made
               | it easier to shutdown than Gnutella though, because being
               | a superpeer made you a legal target for the RIAA.
        
               | tithe wrote:
               | Fun fact: Kazaa's inventors (and their P2P architecture)
               | would later go on to build "Sky peer-to-peer" AKA Skype.
        
               | parineum wrote:
               | Napster kept a central repository if who had what files,
               | not the files themselves.
               | 
               | Kazaa and ed2k were distributed. I think ed2k is still
               | viable.
        
               | Ylpertnodi wrote:
               | 25 years ago i had an engineer come out: everyone on the
               | street was sharing a connection in the local box. We
               | chatted about tech etc and he put me on a single
               | connection. Sod the neighbors (their connections didn't
               | get slower, mine got faster).
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | Curious to hear more informed thoughts from old ISP
               | folks, but afaik one of the things that made Napster
               | possible was that 56kbps connections were roughly
               | symmetrical (~33kbps up?).
               | 
               | By capitalizing on the oft unused upload bandwidth,
               | Napster provided a benefit at little cost.
               | 
               | Would be fascinated to hear what this looked like on the
               | PSTN backend load side, ~2000.
        
               | dpkirchner wrote:
               | One of the coolest things about the modem age is that you
               | could easily try a different ISP if you weren't happy
               | with your current ISP's performance (upstream and down).
        
               | temporarely wrote:
               | I would think symmetric bandwidth is baked into switched
               | circuit networks by definition.
               | 
               | A bit earlier than 2000 /g
               | https://lineofsightgroup.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2017/01/phon...
        
               | fsckboy wrote:
               | > _56kbps connections were roughly symmetrical_
               | 
               | I don't think so, asymmetry was the innovation that made
               | 56K possible on POTS (plain old telephone sevice, with
               | only enough bandwidth for squawky voice)
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | From a spec standpoint, acoustic modems were building
               | over wires spec'd for bidirectional voice transmissions,
               | i.e. symmetrical.
               | 
               | I'm curious about the nuances, but it seems like the last
               | mile download/upload imbalance was created by the
               | originating signal mode?
               | 
               | Download = First mile internet to ISP could be upgraded
               | to digital, and thus grab some extra throughout by
               | avoiding analog noise handling
               | 
               | Upload = First mile user to ISP was inherently analog
               | over phone lines, and so sacrificed throughput for line
               | noise tolerance
               | 
               | https://www.edn.com/an-introduction-to-
               | the-v-90-56k-modem/
        
               | aeyes wrote:
               | It was 56k down, 33.6k up.
        
               | ssl-3 wrote:
               | Sorta-kinda.
               | 
               | v.90 didn't work at all between two regular POTS-
               | connected analog modems. In order for a v.90 connection
               | to happen, the ISP-end of the connection needed to be a
               | digital circuit (typically using ISDN PRI).
               | 
               | By being digital, the gear at the ISP-end was able to
               | precisely and distinctly control each individual bits
               | that would ultimately be converted to analog at a point
               | that was physically near to the user (their local CO
               | switch). This was what gave us asymmetric nature of "56k"
               | v.90.
               | 
               | Eventually, we got good enough at learning how to handle
               | changing line conditions and thereby twiddle the bits
               | with a modicum of precision in the upstream direction.
               | This allowed us to produce a standard with a bit more
               | symmetry: v.92.
               | 
               | v.92 offered up to "56k" (~53k due to FCC limits) down,
               | and 48k up.
               | 
               | A lot of users -- at least in the US -- never experienced
               | v.92. It wasn't formalized until right around the turn of
               | the century, which corresponded well with the time when
               | xDSL, DOCSIS, and/or BRI started showing up even in
               | fairly small not-completely-rural communities at fairly
               | reasonable prices. The local dialup ISP market was
               | beginning to die by then and many never bothered with
               | upgrading their gear to support v.92 before they closed
               | their doors for good.
               | 
               | (All of this wacky dial-up modem tech was both enabled
               | and limited by digital switching in the PSTN. Speeds over
               | dry-pair phone lines could be far higher if there wasn't
               | a digital conversion in the middle, and avoiding that
               | digital conversion is how DSL became possible.
               | 
               | Which is interesting: A DSL circuit was meant to go only
               | across town (ish), and was always betwixt two fixed
               | points. But a point-to-point v.90 or v.92 connection
               | could be established to any properly-equipped machine by
               | just dialing its phone number, and that machine could be
               | across town or on the other side of a continent; it
               | didn't care.)
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | The 56k specs were _asymmetrical_ , the downstream
               | connection could be 56k (actually 53k) while the upstream
               | connection was only 33.6k. The key with v.90 was the ISP
               | could send a fully digital signal down to the customer
               | but they could only send an analog signal up which was
               | capped by physics to 33.6k.
               | 
               | The later v.92 spec supported a digital upstream and
               | could hit 48k upload.
               | 
               | Regardless, dialup users did not have a lot of upstream
               | bandwidth available. They also suffered through high
               | packet loss and latency making their throughput even
               | lower than their line speed would suggest.
        
             | Asmod4n wrote:
             | maybe you are misremembering creating mp3 files from CDs,
             | on a 486 it took quite a while to generate a mp3 from a 4
             | minute wav file. Pentiums with MMX made it quite alot
             | faster.
        
             | bloopernova wrote:
             | You wanna LAN party in the old people's home? Although I
             | was better at Unreal Tournament, I like the weapons more.
        
             | globular-toast wrote:
             | Nah, your memory serves you well. It really did take three
             | hours sometimes.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | I don't think you had figured out you needed to download
             | from hosts with the lowest ping to get the top modem speed.
             | I remember like 15min for one song on a 56k modem but like
             | 6-7 min at top speed, which was rare.
        
             | nuancebydefault wrote:
             | It was more like 4 mins per song on a 56K modem. So you
             | could listen a full song while downloading another. Hence
             | pretty acceptable. The less acceptable part was that nobody
             | could use the phone.
        
           | Vvector wrote:
           | I remember being queued up to download one song from a
           | specific host. My download with be like 6th in line.
        
           | madduci wrote:
           | Yes it was for me 3+ hours. It all depended on codec and
           | length of song. And also the fact that your phone line was
           | kept busy while using it and loosing the connection when your
           | parents wanted to make a telephone call. It was weird but
           | funny at same time
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | Hah, my first MP3 took about 2 weeks to download, over ZModem
           | on a 14.4KBps link. I had to work around my parents'
           | Internet-time restrictions - they'd say "times up", I had to
           | disconnect, then I'd pick up again the next time I was
           | allowed on the computer. Then I needed to convince them to
           | buy a ZIP disk to free up enough hard disk space so I could
           | decompress it (my Centris 660AV wasn't fast enough for real-
           | time MP3 playback), then it took another 2 hours to
           | decompress once I'd freed up the requisite 40 MB of hard disk
           | space.
           | 
           | It was 1995 and pretty magical to get CD-quality audio coming
           | out of the computer, though.
        
           | dclowd9901 wrote:
           | We had rural phone lines with lots of noise. I think I got
           | 3kB a sec max on those things even with 56k.
        
             | skrause wrote:
             | Most MP3s were 128 kbps back then, so a song would
             | typically be around 3-4 MB. Even at 3 kB per second a
             | download would only take around 20 minutes.
        
         | nvarsj wrote:
         | > What I find most strange about the modern day piracy is
         | quality.
         | 
         | For a lot of pirates, it's a niche hobby to preserve the best
         | quality version of some media / art. I see it as an underground
         | librarian archivist movement.
         | 
         | In 100 years iTunes may be dead, but there will be some person
         | with every album available in high quality lossless FLAC. Same
         | with Netflix and it's bit starved encodes.
        
           | eisa01 wrote:
           | In addition, quite a lot of the backlog has never been
           | released on iTunes
           | 
           | I wanted to complete a set of DJ mixes, and had to purchase
           | them on Discogs to as there were no digital copies, one cost
           | me EUR50 for one CD...
        
             | bratwurst3000 wrote:
             | Hahahaha I had the same problem. Had to buy a vinyl for
             | 80EUR and digitilize it. Did upload it then. Now the artist
             | has a bandcamp with the collection for free so sharing is
             | caring
        
           | exe34 wrote:
           | already, Disney has been censoring past episodes not even
           | based on today's sensibilities but it seems purely based on
           | keywords.
           | 
           | there's an episode of the suite life of zach and cody where
           | zach pretends to have dyslexia in order to get extra time in
           | his exams, and near the end of the episode he gets busted and
           | they have a thoughtful conversation about how it's unfair and
           | hurts the people who need the extra time, and he should be
           | less lazy and do the work, etc, and somehow that's too
           | offensive now.
        
             | cyanwave wrote:
             | My hope is human nature will prevail. SOME are that
             | sensitive but I think there's a growing amount of people
             | maybe even a majority that don't want censorship and
             | nannie's in media / comedy etc.
        
             | cruffle_duffle wrote:
             | Disney is only slightly better about nuking old "offensive"
             | content than other providers. Many times they just gave an
             | unskippable "this is culturally offensive to some" text and
             | call it good. For example the old lady and the tramp has
             | that "we are Siamese" song, which I guess is offensive...
             | at least they still let you watch it.
             | 
             | Hulu on the other hand just pulls shit. For example they
             | pulled my favorite it's always sunny episode where they do
             | that diehard movie. I guess the fact they do black face
             | makes it racist (which they call out as such in the show
             | itself!) and since we are all apparently too stupid to
             | think for ourselves about the content we watch they better
             | block it. After all they know better than me about what is
             | offensive.
             | 
             | ... shit like that... _that_ is what is gonna lead me back
             | to piracy.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | in the case I mentioned, the episode "smarter and
               | smarterer" just went down the memory hole, it's like it
               | was never there.
        
           | pavlov wrote:
           | Indeed. Many of these pirates are the most devoted fans of
           | the music they store and distribute. They go to gigs, buy
           | merchandise and vinyl editions, and otherwise support the
           | artists directly.
           | 
           | In contrast companies like Spotify don't care about the music
           | at all. They would just as well sell you white noise if it
           | would somehow give them the slightest improvement in growth
           | or margins.
           | 
           | Daniel Ek, CEO of Spotify, regularly makes statements that
           | suggest he'd rather see professional musicians disappear.
           | Most recently:
           | 
           | https://www.nme.com/news/music/music-fans-and-artists-hit-
           | ba...
        
             | listenallyall wrote:
             | > Many of these pirates are the most devoted fans of the
             | music
             | 
             | ...but most are simply pirates, completely detached from
             | the music or the artist. Let's not glorify them.
        
               | rickdicker wrote:
               | Presumably if you're pirating music you aren't
               | "completely detached" from the music - otherwise why
               | would you do it?
        
               | ineptech wrote:
               | In the early 80s, the local pirate scene in my hometown
               | revolved around a guy who I'll call George. George's
               | entire basement was devoted to boxes full of diskettes (5
               | 1/4" in those days) of pirated software and photocopied
               | documentation. All kinds of software - games, office
               | apps, scientific stuff, you name it. Some was downloaded
               | from BBS's but the majority of it was shipped USPS from
               | god knows who.
               | 
               | Thing is, he used virtually none of it. He collected
               | software for the sake of collecting it. He didn't even
               | play video games, just loaded them up once to make sure
               | they ran. He was a hoarder basically, who had stumbled
               | into a niche hobby, and like most hobbyists he would
               | happily share it with anyone who asked.
               | 
               | I'm not saying every pirate is like that, or even most,
               | but I am saying, I don't think the pirate scene works
               | without people like that. The music fans are spokes, but
               | people who do it for the sake of doing it are the hubs.
        
               | al_borland wrote:
               | For the hoarders that don't share, I don't really see
               | much of an issue. Sure, they have all that stuff, but
               | they would have never bought it. It's not actually a lost
               | sale.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | Hoarding.
               | 
               | I'm half joking but all these tools to automatically
               | download TVs and movies has absolutely led to this class
               | of user that habitually downloads stuff just for the sake
               | of doing it. Terabytes of movies they have no interest
               | in. The psychology of it fascinates me.
        
               | anal_reactor wrote:
               | These two are not mutually exclusive
        
               | dasil003 wrote:
               | Wait, what? There are so many assumptions packed into
               | this statement.
               | 
               | Why should we view things through the lens of whether we
               | are glorifying pirates or not? Is your assertion we
               | should be condemning them? Why? Is it because they are
               | taking bread out of the mouths of musicians? Is it
               | equally bad if Spotify uses their leverage to commoditize
               | and devalue music so musicians can no longer make
               | meaningful money from recorded music? What about music
               | labels who structure deals so they get the bulk of the
               | money for a fraction of the work?
               | 
               | I'm curious to understand the principles you hold that
               | give you such a black and white view on piracy.
        
               | listenallyall wrote:
               | First, when someone uses "many" and "most", it indicates
               | they are avoiding "a black and white view," by
               | acknowledging there are some exceptions.
               | 
               | As to the main point, no individual has the right to take
               | someone else's intellectual property (such as songs,
               | movies, books, etc that were often created by large teams
               | of people over months or years) and, without asking any
               | permission, "liberate" that content so that it can be
               | freely copied and consumed by virtually anyone, anywhere,
               | around the world, without recognition or attribution.
               | 
               | The question isn't whether distribution of the work
               | ultimately does or does not benefit the creator(s), which
               | it often does. It's that the "pirate" has no right to
               | independently make the irreversible decision to freely
               | distribute the content.
        
             | buildsjets wrote:
             | For indie artists, the vinyl release frequently comes with
             | a download code for a digital version. Some bands even
             | include lossless versions.
        
             | cortesoft wrote:
             | Spotify might not care as much about the music and the
             | artists as pirates, but they sure pay the artists more.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | Barely. Some artists outright tell you to pirate their
               | music since most of their money comes from touring/merch.
        
               | ugjka wrote:
               | I discover stuff on Spotify more than i would ever from
               | pirating and only then i can go watch their live stuff
               | and buy their merch. If I want a Flac i go to Bandcamp
               | though
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | Makes me wonder if artists would see the same benefit
               | then if piracy were legal and someone made a nice
               | Spotify-like frontend for it. I think about how places
               | like library genesis have to be so weirdly arranged
               | because of how illegal they are.
        
             | bigfatfrock wrote:
             | Spotify is a prime example of an amazing service (yet still
             | no FLAC equivalent) offering with a highly developed
             | customer base ruined by the love of money.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Spotify loves money so much it has yet to show a profit
               | in almost 20 years.
        
               | musicale wrote:
               | Spotify posted EUR168M in profit for Q1 2024.
               | 
               | But executives loving money is a separate issue from
               | whether the company is profitable or not.
               | 
               | Daniel Ek takes no salary but has filed to sell EUR165M
               | in stock so far in 2024.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Executive compensation is part of a business's expense,
               | so it is not a separate issue from profit, since profit =
               | revenue minus expense.
               | 
               | Also, Ek could have sold his equity years ago and made
               | more money with less risk by sticking it in SP500. If he
               | really loved money, wouldn't he have gotten rid of stock
               | in an obviously poorly performing business and stuck it
               | into something less risky?
               | 
               | My point is to say that Spotify is obviously in a
               | difficult business, given the vendors it has to negotiate
               | with, the competitors it has to compete with, and the
               | customers it has to sell to. It is not some conspiracy or
               | excess short term greed by executives that is hampering
               | its success or ability to pay artists.
        
               | pavlov wrote:
               | As long as you can invest in growth, why not spend on
               | that? The alternative is to report a profit and have it
               | taxed.
               | 
               | Amazon did the same for a long time. It's a fine strategy
               | if your investors don't need the immediate returns.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | If the market believed there was growth potential, their
               | annual returns would not be trailing SP500 by 3%+ per
               | year.
               | 
               | Amazon's market cap grew by much more than the SP500,
               | because the market (correctly) anticipated Amazon being
               | able to earn profits.
               | 
               | Spotify's ability to earn decent profits is not a given,
               | and in my opinion, their whole business is currently
               | being a negotiating chip between the 3 businesses that
               | own music copyrights (Warner/Universal/Sony) and
               | Apple/Amazon/Alphabet.
        
               | rm_-rf_slash wrote:
               | Amazon invested in selling physical things and ran a loss
               | forever until AWS became the real money maker.
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | For sure, I mean to me, what.cd was the ultimate
             | intersection of musicphiles (as opposed to audiophiles,
             | though there's an overlap) and torrenters.
        
           | radley wrote:
           | > Same with Netflix and it's bit starved encodes.
           | 
           | Bitrates are tied to the subscription tier. If you do the 4K
           | plan, it's visibly noticeable that 1080p video bitrates are
           | higher. They don't have much 4K content, but the 1080p
           | difference is worth it for my 4K projector.
        
             | sargun wrote:
             | Subscription tier and device. If your device isn't capable
             | of playback, there's no way to get the content.
        
               | Forbo wrote:
               | My device is perfectly capable of playing 4K media, but
               | Netflix has decided that Linux doesn't deserve it.
        
           | jorvi wrote:
           | > In 100 years iTunes may be dead, but there will be some
           | person with every album available in high quality lossless
           | FLAC. Same with Netflix and it's bit starved encodes.
           | 
           | Yeah, nah. WhatCD's full catalogue has never been recovered.
        
             | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
             | >> some person with every album available in high quality
             | lossless FLAC
             | 
             | > nah. WhatCD's full catalogue has never been recovered.
             | 
             | The loss of WhatCD's torrent database didn't wipe out
             | anyone's library.
        
             | eisa01 wrote:
             | But the successors still have stuff iTunes don't have, and
             | there's even new uploads of old releases that What didn't
             | have ;)
        
           | joshuaturner wrote:
           | This is especially true with the current wave of upscaled 4k
           | releases that are, frankly - awful. Eventually, these will be
           | the only versions we have access to on streaming platforms,
           | but someone will have the original Blu-ray remux or DVD rip
           | on their Plex server.
        
           | satvikpendem wrote:
           | Yep, that is why I pirate as well, movies and shows are
           | simply lower quality when streaming than via direct
           | downloads. Plus, I can play them with my own media player and
           | use software like SmoothVideoProject to interpolate the frame
           | rate and use upscalers for sub-4k content.
        
           | sharkweek wrote:
           | >every album available in high quality lossless FLAC.
           | 
           | In college I ate up an entire hard drive downloading the
           | bootleg discography of Pearl Jam live shows in the hugest
           | quality I could find.
           | 
           | Not sure why I needed 50+ live versions of the song Daughter
           | or Yellow Ledbetter but... I had 'em
        
           | acchow wrote:
           | Still frustrated that 1080p bluray looks and _sounds_
           | significantly better than 4k Netflix. Will a lot of quality
           | stuff be lost forever when these companies disappear?
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | Yes but I also don't think enjoyment is gated behind some
             | arbitrary maximum quality.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | Being constantly reminded you are a tool watching some
               | dark filter compressed pseudo-4k video at the mercy of
               | some conglomerate takes away some of the fun in consuming
               | culture.
               | 
               | I feel way freer when watching downloaded films. Like the
               | old VHS days. It is mine.
        
         | steve1977 wrote:
         | > And they're so good at it, that the pirated product is
         | usually substantially better than the official version
         | 
         | How so, when most of these products are digital to begin with?
         | If you have the quality of the studio master, then there's
         | nothing to improve.
        
           | everyone wrote:
           | In the case of software removing DRM and shitware either
           | bundled with the product or necessary to use it. In the case
           | of music it's less clear but I would suggest curation and
           | completeness.
        
           | miah_ wrote:
           | There isn't always a studio behind a videos release.
           | Sometimes the only remaining copy of a show is found in
           | somebodies VHS collection and its filled with static and
           | audio pops. These often get a standard 'as-is' release and
           | then somebody in the community will clean it up, upscale the
           | video, and fix the audio for a 'proper' release. Same goes
           | for audio, sometimes its a old bootleg tape of a show that
           | gets digitized and cleaned up.
           | 
           | This is before even getting into 'fan edits' where people
           | will re-add cut scenes, or do other edits to films. For an
           | example of that, search for 'Topher Grace Star Wars Prequel'.
        
             | steve1977 wrote:
             | But in most of those cases I wouldn't really speak of
             | ,,official" versions.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | > For an example of that, search for 'Topher Grace Star
             | Wars Prequel'
             | 
             | A funny detail in The Obi Wan series are the prequel
             | lookbacks that, if you don't remember how bad they are,
             | make them seem like mediocre movies instead.
        
             | Fezzik wrote:
             | For a great example of fan edits, compare Harmey's
             | Despecialized Editions of Episodes 4, 5, and 6 to the
             | butchered final copies that George tried to make be the
             | only available versions; the Despecialized versions are
             | astonishingly superior in content and audio/video quality.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmy%27s_Despecialized_Edi
             | t...
        
           | npteljes wrote:
           | Sometimes they further optimize it for a goal, or maximize it
           | to have everything. Sometimes organize it, provide additional
           | material that fans might appreciate, add commentary. Port it
           | to a platform where previously it was inaccessible.
           | 
           | For examples, an artist's discography is sometimes neatly
           | organized in folders, by year, and the files are tagged with
           | metadata. In case of anime, fans improve or outright provide
           | subtitles. They often do extra things like including karaoke
           | for the opening and ending, color coding subtitle lines to
           | match the speaker's personality or design, and provide
           | stylized subtitles for signs and other letterings on the
           | screen. In case of movies, they are often optimized to a
           | specific kind of usage, for example to be able to be viewed
           | on every phone, or to have a minimal file size. Sometimes,
           | especially older releases, are digitally cleaned up and
           | enhanced. Games install easily and is packaged in a way that
           | it just works, without faffing about with the launchers and
           | things like that.
        
           | mmh0000 wrote:
           | Well. No unskippable ads for shows I don't care about.
           | 
           | No FBI warnings.
           | 
           | But, I think theoatmeal sums it up best:
           | 
           | https://theoatmeal.com/comics/game_of_thrones
        
           | Khaine wrote:
           | I am into Jazz, and would like to buy Ella Fitzgerald's
           | discography. No website will easily let me do that. Pirates
           | do.
        
             | Pannoniae wrote:
             | Same, and what's the thing about those old records - there
             | are either streaming services which have some of it (but
             | streaming services are garbage so I don't consider those)
             | or you can buy the original records one by one, if someone
             | has a copy to sell. Sure, there are CD compilations and
             | whatnot but usually out of print and they aren't sold
             | digitally.
             | 
             | Sooooo..... soulseek and friends it is:)
        
         | issafram wrote:
         | Quality? I can rarely find FLAC files.
        
           | Biganon wrote:
           | Private trackers are great for FLAC files.
        
           | mmh0000 wrote:
           | https://sharemania.us/
        
         | TheAceOfHearts wrote:
         | Gosh this is such a throwback... One of my first experiences
         | with Napster was trying to download Britney Spears' Oops I Did
         | It Again and getting a shitty remix. The worst part was that I
         | didn't check the song, so I ended up burning it to a CD only to
         | find out after the fact that the song wasn't what I was looking
         | for. And every song took so long to download because it was
         | dial-up... It's crazy how much things have changed in a mere 20
         | years.
        
           | anal_reactor wrote:
           | A friend of mine downloaded a bunch of videos "funny hidden
           | camera" and then burned them on a CD and one turned out to be
           | porn. Like, even back then it boggled my mind why he wouldn't
           | have checked.
        
         | throw0101c wrote:
         | > _Ah 56k internet, what fun._
         | 
         | Unless you were young and on a college/university campus where
         | your dorm room probably had Ethernet jacks.
        
           | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
           | >> Ah 56k internet, what fun.
           | 
           | > your dorm room probably had Ethernet jacks.
           | 
           | One 64k T1 channel, so 14% more fun.
           | 
           | Okay to be fair the modem was probably averaging closer to
           | 32k so double the fun.
        
             | EvanAnderson wrote:
             | > One 64k T1 channel, so 14% more fun.
             | 
             | A ton less latency, though. T1 connectivity still felt
             | snappy for web browsing long after cable modems pushed up
             | average available bandwidth because the latency was so much
             | better.
        
             | throw0101c wrote:
             | > _One 64k T1 channel, so 14% more fun._
             | 
             | Except if you were sharing between all the students in the
             | dorm and on campus.
        
         | supafastcoder wrote:
         | I remember burning CD's full of 1 minute songs that never
         | completed because someone was always calling our house line,
         | disrupting the internet connection (and there were no resumable
         | downloads). Good times ;)
        
           | asveikau wrote:
           | Where did you get those from?
           | 
           | By the p2p era (which napster was) they absolutely needed to
           | do resumable downloads because a peer could suddenly go
           | offline.
           | 
           | Before that I remember getting mp3s from ftp and irc
           | fserves... Ftp definitely had resume, though not all clients
           | and servers did it.
        
         | jakupovic wrote:
         | I also remember having cable modems and parties with Napster
         | station where people would find download and then play the song
         | of choice. No sign-ups no artificial borders just music. This
         | is still not possible...
        
         | a1o wrote:
         | About quality, it's weird it doesn't matter how much bandwidth
         | I seem to have (currently with 1Gbps fiber), the streaming
         | keeps the quality varying down without explanation. If I just
         | pirate the highest quality in less than five minutes I can
         | download the best version of a movie at around 20 GB and watch
         | it in the best quality from start to end without any
         | degradation. Why can't the paid streaming services deliver at
         | the same quality as the pirates?
        
           | belthesar wrote:
           | They can. You know they can, others (ie: the pirate versions
           | you mention) do. Larger files consume more bandwidth and
           | storage on the CDN, which makes it more expensive. And while
           | there are indeed some issues with lower quality (especially
           | in dark scenes, I'm reminded of the muddy mess in the final
           | episodes of Game of Thrones), most folks are "fine" with the
           | quality we get today. Fine enough, anyway, that they keep
           | paying for the status quo.
           | 
           | That's not to say that they're not interested in providing
           | more quality. There's heavy investment in per-video, and
           | sometimes per-video-section encoding and next generation
           | codecs like AV1. The goal for them though is to get more
           | quality with the same or less storage and bandwidth budget.
        
           | deadbunny wrote:
           | Because higher bitrates cost more to store and transmit.if
           | they can drop the size of every file they have by 40% that's
           | 40% savings every time someone streams something even if it
           | looks like dogshit.
        
         | yard2010 wrote:
         | I could hear the modem connecting while you're yelling "DO NOT
         | PICK UP THE PHONE"
         | 
         | peeeee duuuuu denu denu denudenu
        
         | dtx1 wrote:
         | My personal feeling is that Spotify and youtube et. al. killed
         | music piracy. I'd rather pay a small monthly fee and have
         | access to an always up to date music library then torrent
         | everything artist by artist. But that only applies because
         | spotify has basically all the artists i like and want.
        
         | teleforce wrote:
         | Napster is p2p done right, it's a game changer that the music
         | industry was only saved by listening to Apple (read Steve) and
         | doing that catapulted Apple to the first Trillion dollar
         | company in history. It's so good that Metalica members were
         | loosing their sleeps over it. For personally one of the best
         | software I have used of more than 30 years using computer and
         | it's fit for purpose metric was second to none.
         | 
         | Mate, it only takes a few minutes downloading mp3 song that's
         | only a few MBytes, unless you are using dial-up or ADSL
         | connection further down the road from the residential switch.
        
       | coretx wrote:
       | Yet we still don't have a safe & resilient alternative for using
       | Kademlia tables. Shame on us.
        
         | bawolff wrote:
         | What's wrong with current generation DHT? They work. They are
         | secure (depending on how you define that). They are reliable.
         | Why would we want to replace them?
        
           | coretx wrote:
           | Anyone with mediocre skills can take it down; ( And more )
           | that's the problem. I'd rather not mention the specifics
           | because that might give people ideas but they can be found in
           | academic papers.
        
             | bawolff wrote:
             | Not discussing security vulnerabilities helps attackers and
             | hinders defenders.
             | 
             | The obvious question here is - if its so easy, why hasn't
             | anyone done so? When was the last time bit torrent's DHT
             | went down? As far as i know never.
             | 
             | It should be noted that current generation DHTs aren't the
             | same as the original and do have some mitigations from
             | certain attacks.
        
               | coretx wrote:
               | Sybil attacks if i'm not mistaken ;-)
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | I briefly worked there. Like three Scaramuccis.
        
       | washadjeffmad wrote:
       | I remember how out of control the lawsuits got by the mid-2000s.
       | A friend had to drop out of college and move back home over some
       | multi-million dollar claim on behalf of the RIAA that his family
       | "settled" for $40K. It wasn't even clear he was responsible (the
       | lawsuit was based on IP), but he was scared and admitted to using
       | "file sharing services", and that was that.
       | 
       | I'm still disappointed that laws against barratry didn't become
       | more prevalent in the US as a result of "copyright trolling".
       | Instead, exceptions have been slowly chiseled out of the DMCA to
       | restore a sliver of the rights we used to have.
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | What rights did you used to have?
        
           | bdowling wrote:
           | We used to have the right to copy whatever we wanted and be
           | accountable to no one.
           | 
           | That all went away in 1790 when the U.S. government passed
           | the first Copyright Act. https://www.copyright.gov/timeline/t
           | imeline_18th_century.htm...
        
             | CPLX wrote:
             | > We used to have the right
             | 
             | > That all went away in 1790
             | 
             | Interesting use of the word "we" here.
             | 
             | Also there's a few other "rights" that have changed since
             | then, not sure this argument has the power you think it
             | does.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | > We used to have the right to copy whatever we wanted and
             | be accountable to no one.
             | 
             | Unless you copied something of value to a rich and powerful
             | person, in which case your accountability would likely be
             | quite high.
             | 
             | Also, "copying" before 1790 meant something rather
             | different than cp(1).
        
             | steve1977 wrote:
             | And what exactly would you have copied with your rights in,
             | say, the year 1789? And how would you have done that?
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | You could copy a book, and sell it. This was a big part
               | of the Protestant revolution; the Catholic church didn't
               | want the common people reading the Bible, but back then
               | they had no legal way to control how people used the
               | printing press.
        
               | steve1977 wrote:
               | The Bible is not copyrighted. So you could still do that
               | today.
               | 
               | Also I'm pretty sure the catholic church wanted no one to
               | read the Luther Bible. Neither common people nor others
               | ;)
        
               | costco wrote:
               | The copyright to the King James Version is owned by the
               | crown.
        
               | steve1977 wrote:
               | Apparently that's true (in the UK).
        
               | mprev wrote:
               | Specific translations, such as the NIV, are copyrighted.
        
           | sophacles wrote:
           | The big one is: when you bought a thing you owned it. The
           | anti-circumvention clause is ultimately the root cause of the
           | right to repair movement.
           | 
           | The anti-circumvention clause also means it might be illegal
           | to make a back up copy of media you bought, a thing that
           | always used to be ok.
        
       | chinathrow wrote:
       | Never forget their bug when they only transferred 99% of the MP3
       | you wanted. Good times.
        
       | xhkkffbf wrote:
       | And now rock stars who were once as rich as, well, rock stars,
       | are largely forced to get by on a pittance from either Spotify or
       | YouTube. It used to be that there were hundreds of stars getting
       | rich. Now there's Taylor Swift and... I can't name anyone else.
       | 
       | But, hey, the quasi-communists who thought they were somehow
       | liberating the music from the evil rich people ended up dragging
       | all of the music industry down into poverty.
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | This is why we have DRM -- and need more.
        
           | artninja1988 wrote:
           | Disagree. DRM is evil and anti consumer. I don't care if
           | there aren't as many billionaire artists as in the past
        
           | coretx wrote:
           | DRM is done by elected officials, usually parliamentarians.
           | Whenever it's not elected individuals or institutions doing
           | it, it's called tyranny or vigilantism.
        
         | eddythompson80 wrote:
         | > It used to be that there were hundreds of stars getting rich.
         | Now there's Taylor Swift and... I can't name anyone else.
         | 
         | Just becaus you don't know them doesn't mean they don't exist.
         | There are way more than hundreds of "rock stars" that are
         | getting rich now. There are also way more "rock stars" now than
         | there ever was.
        
           | redwall_hp wrote:
           | The "rock star" era was a bubble, at a time of rising demand
           | and limited supply. Digital recording has democratized music,
           | tastes have stratified (thank fuck) and now there's so much
           | supply people have FOMO over discovery tools not finding them
           | optimal recommendations in a sea of possibilities.
           | 
           | On the other side, in the first half of the 20th century,
           | artists were more likely paid a one-off pittance to come into
           | a studio and record a song, and then the record labels profit
           | from it to this day.
           | 
           | Music is worth less now because the supply is vast and the
           | demand is relatively limited. Pretty simple economics. And
           | most artists have always made their money from
           | touring...while concert prices are more eye watering than
           | ever.
        
         | luuurker wrote:
         | > Now there's Taylor Swift and... I can't name anyone else.
         | 
         | Ariana Grande, Adele, Billie Eilish, etc. I believe someone
         | called Kendrick Lamar has been popular recently?
         | 
         | Are they _rock_ stars? No, people tastes are a bit different
         | now, but they are stars and they are rich. You not knowing them
         | is a different problem.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Even Lily Allen is worth $4 mill and I only know - and own -
           | one of her songs.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | How is someone's "net worth" determined, especially someone
             | with no significant publicly traded, liquid assets whose
             | ownership is public information?
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | David Bowie was a billionaire when he died.
         | 
         | It's true that in the top 50 richest musicians, most of them
         | were already rock gods before Napster. But they all are rock
         | gods.
         | 
         | But then you have people like Swift, Robbie Williams, Dave
         | Matthews and Dave Grohl, most of which were on the cusp. But
         | Grohl for instance worked hard for more than a decade after
         | Nirvana broke up, and I would be very surprised if a lot of his
         | money didn't end up coming from a combination of the Foo
         | Fighters and royalties. Commentary on one of those net worth
         | sites: the Foo Fighters "have consistently been one of the
         | highest-grossing touring acts in the world for more than two
         | decades." So yeah.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | >Commentary on one of those net worth sites: the Foo Fighters
           | "have consistently been one of the highest-grossing touring
           | acts in the world for more than two decades." So yeah.
           | 
           | Data about "net worth", especially on free clickbait
           | websites, is garbage speculation with no evidence or basis in
           | reality. It's not like those website makers have any access
           | to someone's brokerage accounts and list of assets they have
           | title to or the debt they have.
        
         | wiseowise wrote:
         | > And now rock stars who were once as rich as, well, rock
         | stars, are largely forced to get by on a pittance from either
         | Spotify or YouTube.
         | 
         | Boo hoo. Let me play a song on tinniest violin in the world for
         | them.
        
       | mattmaroon wrote:
       | Man do I feel old now. I remember using that in college when it
       | was brand new. These were in the days when Yahoo practically WAS
       | the internet and Google was a scrappy upstart.
       | 
       | I remember trading mp3s on AOL before it. I remember how much
       | effort it took to download an mp3 over a 56k modem. Every time my
       | brother picked up the phone I had to start over. The first one I
       | succesfully downloaded, after trying for what must have been days
       | but felt like months, was Gettin' Jiggy Wit It and of course it
       | turned out our 386 computer couldn't even really play an mp3
       | without stuttering.
       | 
       | I remember moving in with two friends, a block from campus, and
       | putting a $2,500 Gateway computer (bought from the Gateway store
       | in the strip mall, of course) on a credit card because we were
       | going to split it three ways. You can probably guess how that
       | ended up. Even though that was equivalent to about $5k today it
       | was a midrange computer at best and, of course, was replaced a
       | little over a year later. But, we did get broadband and it could
       | play Starcraft and online poker just fine. Worth it!
       | 
       | I remember after Napster exploded, it had gotten bogged down with
       | new traffic and they started offering multiple servers, and
       | someone wrote some third-party software that let you switch
       | between them at will until you could find the song you wanted
       | without too terribly much wait.
       | 
       | I remember my first mp3 player, a Diamond Rio 500. It used a USB
       | cord that, of course, had the pins reversed, so you couldn't just
       | use any USB cord. It held about one hour of music, 1.5 if you
       | bought a very expensive 32mb flash card. It ran for a week on one
       | aaa battery. It cost almost $300, which would be like $500 today.
       | God did I love that thing.
       | 
       | I remember the RIAA and MPAA suing file sharers. I remember lots
       | of tech bros saying what idiots they were for trying to use the
       | legal system to put the toothpaste back in the tube. I remember
       | one particularly astute, well-known tech guy saying at a YC
       | dinner (must have been 2007 or 2008) in response to a sneering
       | question about it that not everyone who chooses a career outside
       | of tech is an idiot, the people who run the media companies might
       | know more about media than you, certainly understand that selling
       | physical media's days are numered, and that what they were doing
       | was really a delaying tactic while they figured out how to
       | monetize content in the digital age. (The answer, it turned out,
       | was things like Netflix and Spotify, but those were still a few
       | years away. Netflix's first original content wasn't until 2012!)
       | 
       | I remember after Napster got sued into oblivion there were so
       | many others. The toothpaste was out of the tube on file sharing.
       | Limewire. Edonkey. Bittorrent. For every one they killed two more
       | appeared. Fragmentation wasn't even an issue since everyone ran
       | (and thus seeded) several.
       | 
       | Good nostalgia for a Saturday,.
        
       | bigtex wrote:
       | I remember having 384KB symmetrical DSL in mid 2000 from
       | Northpoint Communications, who would go out of business a few
       | months later. I basically had business class service to my
       | apartment because that it all they could provide, so I didn't
       | complain. Obviously one of the first things I tested was Napster
       | on my Bondi Blue iMac B computer and man could you download music
       | so fast and easily!
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | Napster helped motivate and justify all sorts of nasty DRM and
       | legislation, which has adverse implications for more than just
       | piracy.
       | 
       | And at the time of the MP3 frenzy, there were a relatively small
       | number of people saying, "Wait, won't this mean a backlash of
       | adversarial laws and technology that make things bad for
       | everyone?"
       | 
       | But that was ignored by the masses of newly-arrived Internet
       | users wanting to take stuff for free.
        
         | artninja1988 wrote:
         | Isn't this a bit like victim blaming? You should be criticizing
         | the RIAA and lawmakers instead.
        
           | neilv wrote:
           | No, it is not.
           | 
           | I'm not blaming the artists whose work was stolen.
           | 
           | A bunch of people took up thievery. Someone said please stop.
           | They laughed, and were complicit in creating a tech dystopia.
           | 
           | If you want to say they were dumb kids who didn't know any
           | better, we can work with that.
           | 
           | So then the question would be how do they help fix the mess
           | they helped create?
        
             | giantrobot wrote:
             | No one "stole" anything. The original publisher wasn't
             | deprived of anything. Don't use inflammatory language to
             | push a narrative.
             | 
             | Someone downloading a single off Napster no more "stole"
             | that same single when they listened to it on the radio. The
             | person downloading a song was as much of a non-customer as
             | the radio listener.
             | 
             | In fact Napster's rise was coincident with _increased_ CD
             | sales. Napster et al were not causing poor innocent record
             | executives to go hungry or beg on the street.
             | 
             | The thing that killed CD sales wasn't P2P but online music
             | stores like iTunes and then streaming. They served a market
             | demand.
             | 
             | The backwards laws like the DMCA were written and passed
             | before Napster even existed. Blaming Napster for that is
             | not just ahistorical but ludicrous.
        
               | neilv wrote:
               | Yes, I'm familiar with decades of self-serving philosophy
               | rationalizing piracy.
        
         | 0xcde4c3db wrote:
         | An argument could be made that Napster contributed to the
         | acceleration of that trend, but it was well underway already.
         | The Software Publishers Association was coordinating raids of
         | businesses for pirated software at least as far back as 1991.
         | The WIPO Copyright Treaty was ratified in 1996, and the DMCA
         | was passed in 1998 to implement it. CSS was introduced with DVD
         | in 1996. _United States v. LaMacchia_ was decided in 1994,
         | leading to the passage of the NET Act in 1997. The first
         | versions of SecuROM and SafeDisc were released in 1998. The
         | same year, the Secure Digital Music Initiative was formed.
        
           | neilv wrote:
           | Yep, that's why I said "helped". Obviously software piracy
           | was a problem in some corners. And we knew the kinds of moves
           | that were being made (not just on this, but on things like
           | surveillance and censorship). Then comes things like Napster,
           | serving up on a silver platter a high-profile pretext -- and
           | increased legitimate need that couldn't be ignored.
        
         | lupusreal wrote:
         | You're being naive if you think we wouldn't have those laws if
         | not for Napster. If not that pretext it would be another.
         | Floppy disks and flash drives could have been it.
        
           | chimeracoder wrote:
           | > You're being naive if you think we wouldn't have those laws
           | if not for Napster. If not that pretext it would be another.
           | Floppy disks and flash drives could have been it.
           | 
           | To this day, if you can find a place to buy a cassette tape
           | or blank CD, you will have to pay a tax (bundled into the
           | price) which goes straight to the record industry as
           | "compensation" to offset the presumed loss of revenue due to
           | unauthorized music sharing.
        
         | Aloisius wrote:
         | DRM existed before Napster.
         | 
         | Hell, the DMCA, which made circumventing DRM illegal, predated
         | Napster.
         | 
         | Indeed, music labels _loved_ DRM because companies like
         | RealNetworks and Microsoft promised them they could do things
         | like charge _per play_.
        
       | steve1977 wrote:
       | I was putting a lot of effort into starting a career in the music
       | business in the middle of the 90s. Thankfully I was not
       | successful and ,,pivoted" to IT in 1998.
        
       | romanhn wrote:
       | Best part of Napster was searching for that one song you were
       | interested in, and then looking through all of that user's shared
       | files. It was an amazing discovery mechanism which I missed
       | dearly with all the subsequent P2P apps. Spotify now fills this
       | void, but it's not quite the same.
        
         | grimgrin wrote:
         | Definitely enjoy browsing a user's shares, and even
         | occasionally checking what's been downloaded from me.
         | 
         | Soulseek goes strong https://nicotine-plus.org/
        
           | heed wrote:
           | Whoa I totally forgot that Soulseek was a thing, thank you! I
           | used to be able to find rare b-sides and live recordings of
           | my favorite bands on it.
        
           | consumer451 wrote:
           | I had no idea that this existed.
           | 
           | I already found cool stuff. Thank you so much!
           | 
           | This brings me way back to when I hosted a Hotwire server.
        
           | pea wrote:
           | Soulseek is absolutely awesome at this. Why don't the record
           | labels shut it down? Have they just given up on P2P?
        
         | Cockbrand wrote:
         | My personal favorite was Audiogalaxy, which had a fairly decent
         | recommendation engine. I discovered a lot of excellent music
         | (which I subsequently bought) through this.
        
       | mouzogu wrote:
       | torrent is really a great technology.
       | 
       | subversive and evergreen. genuinely useful and hard to kill.
        
         | issafram wrote:
         | Only if you use a private tracker. Public ones always have
         | seeders whose job it is to collect IP addresses. You'll still
         | get that letter in the mail about pirating
        
           | andai wrote:
           | Isn't going after torrent makers more important than random
           | downloaders? By that logic shouldn't big music / movie
           | companies be targeting private trackers? (Surely they have
           | enough materials to pass the interview!)
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | Something I found fascinating about Napster at the time is that
       | it was fiercely difficult to use... but it didn't matter, because
       | what it gave people (access to ANY music) was so desirable that
       | they would learn how to use it.
        
         | pea wrote:
         | One side effect of this I remember was that, for a little
         | while, there was a blackmarket of buying MP3s on CD at car
         | boots and flea markets. My dad came home once with a CD with
         | all the Beatles songs. He had paid something like PS15 and
         | thought he'd got a deal of his life.
         | 
         | I also wonder which year it stopped being an acceptable
         | Christmas present to give someone a burned CD.
        
       | ww520 wrote:
       | Ah good time. Bring back memory. My involvement with that period
       | was I wrote a p2p file sharing app using the Gnutella protocol,
       | an alternative to the Napster. It was a fun time.
        
         | andai wrote:
         | That's what Limewire used right? Is that network still a thing?
         | Last I checked it was, but full of bots that return fake files
         | named after your exact search query.
        
           | ww520 wrote:
           | Yes. Limewire came out a bit later. All the apps with the
           | same protocol could talk to each other. Initially mine was
           | open sourced as well. I close sourced it after selling it to
           | a company.
        
       | _fat_santa wrote:
       | Napster was a little before my time, though I fondly remember
       | torrenting when I was a kid and oddly enough, it was a small time
       | scam that got me into it.
       | 
       | I remember when I was a kid (maybe 13 or 14) I really (and I mean
       | really) wanted to play Grand Theft Auto. My dad picked up a copy
       | of GTA San Andreas for me about a year prior but after seeing the
       | violence and language he forced me to take it back, that put the
       | taste into my mouth and I wanted more.
       | 
       | So I searched for "free video game downloads" and I remember I
       | went to this site that claimed that for just $30, you could
       | "download unlimited video games for free". I begged my parents to
       | let me sign up and pay the $30 until they finally relented and
       | bought it for me.
       | 
       | What it turned out to be was just a tutorial on how to use
       | uTorrent (and they also had an "addon" for unlimited MP3's which
       | taught you how to use Limewire).
       | 
       | I realized pretty quickly I got scammed and I think to date this
       | is the only scam that I've ever fallen for. Kinda worked out
       | though because I learned how to torrent and after a few years I
       | had a basic gaming PC with a hard drive full of games that I had
       | torrented (everything from Crysis to GTA games to every Call of
       | Duty game).
       | 
       | I was also pretty deep into torrenting music right up until
       | Spotify came to the USA (I still remember all the "workarounds"
       | to get Spotify to work in the US before they officially released
       | here, though I didn't try any myself)
       | 
       | Since then Spotify has remained my longest kept subscription and
       | for all it's faults I think Spotify got the solution to music
       | piracy right. With Spotify it was just more convenient to pay
       | them every month then to bother pirating music and uploading it
       | to my iPhone.
        
         | andai wrote:
         | How is that a scam? You received, as promised, the ability to
         | download infinite games for free :)
        
         | zulban wrote:
         | Doesn't sound like a scam. You wanted to buy a fish and they
         | gave you a fishing pole. And for just 30$? Some online training
         | today costs many thousands of dollars. Indeed you must be young
         | because you think online tutorials must be free and instructors
         | charging for their work is a scam.
        
         | xandrius wrote:
         | This is probably the cutest scam I've ever heard of.
         | 
         | It feels like an old gramp saying "come here, today you will
         | learn 2 life lessons".
        
       | swed420 wrote:
       | Excerpts from chapter 5 of "Free as in Freedom" (freely available
       | at https://www.oreilly.com/openbook/freedom/):
       | 
       | > Although based on proprietary software, the Napster system
       | draws inspiration from the long-held Stallman contention that
       | once a work enters the digital realm-in other words, once making
       | a copy is less a matter of duplicating sounds or duplicating
       | atoms and more a matter of duplicating information-the natural
       | human impulse to share a work becomes harder to restrict. Rather
       | than impose additional restrictions, Napster execs have decided
       | to take advantage of the impulse. Giving music listeners a
       | central place to trade music files, the company has gambled on
       | its ability to steer the resulting user traffic toward other
       | commercial opportunities.
       | 
       | > The sudden success of the Napster model has put the fear in
       | traditional record companies, with good reason. Just days before
       | my Palo Alto meeting with Stallman, U.S. District Court Judge
       | Marilyn Patel granted a request filed by the Recording Industry
       | Association of America for an injunction against the file-sharing
       | service. The injunction was subsequently suspended by the U.S.
       | Ninth District Court of Appeals, but by early 2001, the Court of
       | Appeals, too, would find the San Mateo-based company in breach of
       | copyright law,5 a decision RIAA spokesperson Hillary Rosen would
       | later proclaim proclaim a "clear victory for the creative content
       | community and the legitimate online marketplace."
       | 
       | > For hackers such as Stallman, the Napster business model is
       | scary in different ways. The company's eagerness to appropriate
       | time-worn hacker principles such as file sharing and communal
       | information ownership, while at the same time selling a service
       | based on proprietary software, sends a distressing mixed message.
       | As a person who already has a hard enough time getting his own
       | carefully articulated message into the media stream, Stallman is
       | understandably reticent when it comes to speaking out about the
       | company. Still, Stallman does admit to learning a thing or two
       | from the social side of the Napster phenomenon.
       | 
       | > "Before Napster, I thought it might be OK for people to
       | privately redistribute works of entertainment," Stallman says.
       | "The number of people who find Napster useful, however, tells me
       | that the right to redistribute copies not only on a neighbor-to-
       | neighbor basis, but to the public at large, is essential and
       | therefore may not be taken away."
       | 
       | . . .
       | 
       | > "It's a mistake to transfer answers from one thing to another,"
       | says Stallman, contrasting songs with software programs. "The
       | right approach is to look at each type of work and see what
       | conclusion you get."
       | 
       | > When it comes to copyrighted works, Stallman says he divides
       | the world into three categories. The first category involves
       | "functional" works-e.g., software programs, dictionaries, and
       | textbooks. The second category involves works that might best be
       | described as "testimonial"-e.g., scientific papers and historical
       | documents. Such works serve a purpose that would be undermined if
       | subsequent readers or authors were free to modify the work at
       | will. The final category involves works of personal
       | expression-e.g., diaries, journals, and autobiographies. To
       | modify such documents would be to alter a person's recollections
       | or point of view-action Stallman considers ethically
       | unjustifiable.
       | 
       | > Of the three categories, the first should give users the
       | unlimited right to make modified versions, while the second and
       | third should regulate that right according to the will of the
       | original author. Regardless of category, however, the freedom to
       | copy and redistribute noncommercially should remain unabridged at
       | all times, Stallman insists. If that means giving Internet users
       | the right to generate a hundred copies of an article, image,
       | song, or book and then email the copies to a hundred strangers,
       | so be it. "It's clear that private occasional redistribution must
       | be permitted, because only a police state can stop that,"
       | Stallman says. "It's antisocial to come between people and their
       | friends. Napster has convinced me that we also need to permit,
       | must permit, even noncommercial redistribution to the public for
       | the fun of it. Because so many people want to do that and find it
       | so useful."
       | 
       | > When I ask whether the courts would accept such a permissive
       | outlook, Stallman cuts me off.
       | 
       | > "That's the wrong question," he says. "I mean now you've
       | changed the subject entirely from one of ethics to one of
       | interpreting laws. And those are two totally different questions
       | in the same field. It's useless to jump from one to the other.
       | How the courts would interpret the existing laws is mainly in a
       | harsh way, because that's the way these laws have been bought by
       | publishers."
       | 
       | > The comment provides an insight into Stallman's political
       | philosophy: just because the legal system currently backs up
       | businesses' ability to treat copyright as the software equivalent
       | of land title doesn't mean computer users have to play the game
       | according to those rules. Freedom is an ethical issue, not a
       | legal issue. "I'm looking beyond what the existing laws are to
       | what they should be," Stallman says. "I'm not trying to draft
       | legislation. I'm thinking about what should the law do? I
       | consider the law prohibiting the sharing of copies with your
       | friend the moral equivalent of Jim Crow. It does not deserve
       | respect."
        
         | Aloisius wrote:
         | > while at the same time selling a service based on proprietary
         | software
         | 
         | Napster never sold anything. The business model was a plan to
         | build a subscription service sometime in the future, but music
         | labels wouldn't let us license their catalogs.
         | 
         | Source: worked at Napster
        
       | chinathrow wrote:
       | Napster was awesome but Audiogalaxy was way better: it just
       | worked and had a remote interface which was magical at the time.
        
       | smugma wrote:
       | Paramount+ coming out with a two part documentary June 11 based
       | on a book with the same name, How Music Got Free:
       | 
       | https://www.paramountpressexpress.com/paramount-plus/shows/h...
        
         | CaptainOfCoit wrote:
         | 1) What kind of domain is that? Looks like a domain for a
         | tabloid or something
         | 
         | 2) It redirects me to
         | https://www.paramountpressexpress.com/location-not-allowed
         | which says "Your geographic location is not allowed access".
         | 
         | Here is a mirror for others who happen to not live in the US
         | (or whatever country it's restricted to):
         | https://archive.is/AYgwj
        
           | Kailhus wrote:
           | 1. Paramount pre sex press obviously! 2. Same here, geo-
           | blocking is the worst.
        
       | p3rls wrote:
       | Back around in World of Warcraft around 2009ish, there was a
       | rogue named Napster that someone invited to the guild I was in
       | <Death and Taxes> as a casual/friend.
       | 
       | I never found out if he was actually the founder for real but I
       | always wanted to add "geared up the founder of Napster in
       | Sunwell" to my resume somehow.
        
       | koolala wrote:
       | Music sparked the revolution, not Napster. People freely sharing
       | what they love. Sing it! <3
        
         | mynameishere wrote:
         | Try that at a coffeeshop open mic night where they don't have a
         | BMI license.
        
       | sorenjan wrote:
       | I rarely see it mentioned when discussing old file sharing
       | programs, but I thought DC++ was the best. With the right hubs
       | you could find anything you wanted, you could download parts of a
       | file from multiple peers, you could browse a user's shared files
       | to find new stuff, we had a server in our university network that
       | RIAA/MPAA could find, there was a chat for each server, etc.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC%2B%2B
        
         | joemazerino wrote:
         | DC++ was a superior file sharing app. I used it often. I liked
         | how you could control ratios from individual downloaders or
         | servers.
        
       | ofrzeta wrote:
       | That was awesome. You would think of an song and right there you
       | could download it, even more obscure stuff. Information right at
       | your fingertips or something like that.
        
       | dclowd9901 wrote:
       | I think the biggest thing Napster did was get everyone onto a
       | computer. I don't know if folks here remember, but before
       | Napster, desktop computers at home were largely the destination
       | for folks who worked at home, nerdy kids or the occasional school
       | research. AOL changed _some_ of that but not as profoundly as
       | Napster did. Not everyone had a reason to socialize online but
       | everyone loved free music.
       | 
       | I remember a friend of mine coming to _me_ telling me about
       | Napster. He was definitely a lot more socially adept than me and
       | I knew he didn't hang out on computers much so it was quite the
       | shock that he knew about this thing that, by all accounts, was
       | quite nerdy.
        
       | tmalsburg2 wrote:
       | Napster may have started the file sharing revolution. But the
       | exciting part for me was Gnutella and later Bittorrent, peer-to-
       | peer technology in general, and the realization that we could use
       | technology to liberate ourselves. Needless to say, I was young
       | and naive. That spirit is long dead, and the only remnants are
       | crypto currencies and the community around them, which has tossed
       | all lofty ideals in favor of blind greed.
        
         | xandrius wrote:
         | I think you need to check better: piratebay and so many of
         | older tech is still being used, for many different niches (I
         | find each country having their own preferred way to distribute
         | content in their native language).
         | 
         | Nowadays the only people left are the ones wanting to put the
         | extractor effort for the principle of it, the rest can easily
         | find most things somewhere (and if not give up). But there are
         | still lots of us! (or so it feels like)
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | napster asked me if I wanted to work on his project, and I told
         | him I saw no future because it would inevitably just get shut
         | down. From my perspective Napster was the start of the trend of
         | startup companies based around brazenly flouting the law
         | directly as a middleman, then when finally called out just
         | bargaining with the incumbents to arbitrage their user base and
         | associated hipness for a payout.
         | 
         | I still don't think the dream of techno-liberation is dead.
         | Rather the naive bits were thinking the sea change would happen
         | so quickly, and thinking that the same old type of vectoralist
         | hucksters wouldn't seek to corrupt our new systems. In
         | actuality our systems need to be designed with the perspective
         | of all possible gatekeepers as attackers. For example take the
         | End to End principle - it's not sufficient to merely _tell_ the
         | network to not meddle with your communications, those
         | communications must be cryptographically protected to avoid any
         | temptation. Otherwise as you commit an increasing amount of
         | value to your use of the network, it merely becomes a question
         | of when the network operators will eventually try to take
         | advantage of you to extract some of that value.
         | 
         | The big issue these days is there is so much capital funding
         | "startups" that are essentially centralized crud apps running
         | that same pump-and-dump arbitrage playbook. They buy lots of
         | advertising and other mindshare (cf "It is difficult to get a
         | man to understand something...") and generally use up most of
         | the air in the room.
        
       | nuancebydefault wrote:
       | Buying music (singles or albums) was super expensive in 1999. It
       | was unfair for listeners as well as artists.
       | 
       | Napster suddenly made it 'free'. I remember thinking, if CD's
       | were not so ridiculously expensive and i could pick the songs on
       | it, i would just buy them instead of spending money on data
       | traffic time/bandwidth.
       | 
       | Today, we pay much less and the artists are still paid, while we
       | can choose exactly what to listen to.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | The "long tail" artists are paid a lot less. Even if you listen
         | to Frog Eyes all day, every day most of your Spotify
         | subscription is going to Taylor Swift.
        
       | AcylicUnicorn wrote:
       | When I look at the personalities who made a name for themselves
       | in corporate piracy.. err.. file sharing, I keep noticing some of
       | the people who've contributed a lot to the current suckage in
       | tech.
        
       | wordsinaline wrote:
       | The day I discovered Napster is the day I unplugged. Wait forever
       | for my favorite song as a kid to come on the radio or MTV? No
       | thanks, the future was Napster.
        
       | thr0waway001 wrote:
       | I still remember how hard it was to find an mp3 on the Internet
       | before Napster. It was awesome. And Winamp, which was quite
       | possibly the greatest desktop music app ever IMO, truly
       | complimented Napster.
        
       | kdtsh wrote:
       | In memory of Napster, whenever I use the search function of a
       | file sharing network I am looking at for the first time, I search
       | for 'I Disappear' by Metallica.
        
       | hi-v-rocknroll wrote:
       | For the younger folks: Napster arose when CDs and radio were the
       | dominant official commercial distribution platforms for music. CD
       | ripping into MP3s and portable music players drove the need to
       | share them, and the internet was new, but needed a more scalable
       | way to exchange them. Back in the day, it was mostly IRC
       | channels, but these were slow and cumbersome. So Napster,
       | Gnutella, and Hotline took off. These gradually gave way to
       | eDonkey2000/eMule, KaZaA, and Limewire. These also then gave way
       | to BitTorrent and overlay p2p apps.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotline_Communications
        
       | gonesilent wrote:
       | Never forget waste and Gnutella. Justin Frankel told Shawn
       | Fanning Napster would get shutdown back when it had 50 users.
       | Gnutella was made not to use a central server that could be
       | shutdown.
        
       | mentos wrote:
       | Before Napster I remember the AOL warez scene where you could get
       | a bot to send you 35 emails with the content broken up to
       | download off AOLs servers.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-06-01 23:01 UTC)