[HN Gopher] The rise of the disposable car
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The rise of the disposable car
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 77 points
       Date   : 2024-05-29 14:44 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bloomberg.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bloomberg.com)
        
       | rntn wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/N4uIU
        
       | pfdietz wrote:
       | For a humorous and oddly interesting YouTube view on what happens
       | to bad engines in cars, see the I Do Cars YouTube channel. Come
       | for the oil starvation, stay for the newly installed inspection
       | ports. On a good day, he'll get some parts to sell from each
       | core. He also occasionally goes through the process of pulling
       | usable parts from an entire junked car.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/@I_Do_Cars
        
         | pjbk wrote:
         | Yes! Enjoyable and I have learned a lot about how car engines
         | work and are built watching it. And how some companies (cough -
         | Audi - cough) intentionally overengineer their designs so much
         | to boost service and repair cash flows.
        
         | hindsightbias wrote:
         | I'll add: https://www.youtube.com/@TheCarCareNut
         | 
         | SUVs and smaller trucks are now almost universally moving to
         | 4cyl and 6cyl turbos with iffy CVTs. The channels run by folks
         | with greasy overalls are pretty uniform in saying these
         | vehicles won't last like their predecessors (even the Toyotas).
        
           | yareally wrote:
           | Is this a genuine sentiment or just people upset that their
           | favorite vehicle won't have a massive gas guzzling engine
           | anymore? There are a number of people that also dislike
           | trucks with aluminum bodies, despite that aluminum alloys can
           | be strong (aircraft use them all the time) and it keeps your
           | truck from turning into a rust bucket after 5 years of snowy
           | winters. Car ownership is not always a rational thing and
           | people will defend some strange platforms based only on
           | emotion.
           | 
           | How are the CVTs in these trucks iffy compared to other CVTs?
           | There's a number of reliable auto makers using CVTs for
           | years, such as Subaru, Honda and even Toyota on their other
           | vehicles. CVT transmissions have been in mass produced cars
           | longer than most of us have been alive.
        
             | pfdietz wrote:
             | CVTs are also much cheaper to manufacture than traditional
             | transmissions.
        
               | yareally wrote:
               | That doesn't alone make them terrible though. CVTs have
               | less complexity, so they will be cheaper. Dependable cars
               | have CVTs for reasons other than cheapness.
               | 
               | For example, a dual clutch transmission is complex and
               | expensive, but at the same time, I wouldn't call it
               | better. There's tradeoffs in all types of transmissions.
               | My car might have one, but if I were driving a truck, I
               | don't think I would want a DSG.
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | Indeed, that was not a criticism.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Which also makes them cheaper to replace, which is good
               | because you will likely need to replace it at least once
               | in the lifetime of the car.
        
             | Brian_K_White wrote:
             | Both turbos and cvts are genuinely a reliability downgrade.
             | It's because of fundamental and unavoidable reasons in each
             | case. This applies to all vehicles, old or new, including
             | ones they've already been used in for years like how turbo
             | is a standard part of practically all large deisels.
             | 
             | "a number of reliable auto makers using CVTs for years" is
             | an utterly valueless statement. It says, proves, disproves,
             | or even merely indicates, nothing.
             | 
             | There are countless reasons for any company to do anything,
             | including for a "reliable" automaker to use a less-reliable
             | part or design.
             | 
             | Both turbos and cvts increase gas mileage. Simple as that.
             | That one thing has become so important that it's now worth
             | sacrificing other things to get it.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | CVTs (generally) rely on belts sliding on cones. With more
             | weight, you need more torque, with more torque you get more
             | wear on the internal components. This is a big reason why
             | CVTs have historically targeted smaller cars instead of
             | larger trucks.
             | 
             | When it comes to motor reliability, generally speaking a
             | smaller engine with higher compression running closer to
             | its peak output all the time will have more wear than a
             | slightly larger engine that doesn't have to run at as high
             | of pressures and load percentage. Lower RPMs needed for the
             | same power output means less friction on all the components
             | in the motor. There's a lot of variances in that so it is
             | not exactly a given.
             | 
             | These kind of go away with more modern "eCVTs" which don't
             | rely on belts and hybrid systems which can help even out
             | that peak engine load challenge. But still, turbos will
             | generally reduce your reliability. More moving parts,
             | higher pressures, etc. The questions are, will the
             | increased efficiency balance out the reduced reliability
             | and will the motor reliability be the thing that does the
             | car in at the end.
        
               | timw4mail wrote:
               | My understanding is that CVTs are more like a chain, i.e.
               | a segmented metal belt.
               | 
               | It sure seems like they would be great for large trucks
               | if they could be made beefy enough.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | When people use the term "chain" in this context, they're
               | usually thinking of it moving a sprocket with teeth that
               | fit in between gaps on the chain. You're right that
               | automotive CVTs are made with a lot of metal bits
               | connected on a band for greater durability, but most
               | would still just call it a belt as it relies on the
               | friction between the edges of it and the cones to move
               | the cones instead of pulling on teeth. Think the
               | differences between a timing "belt" versus a timing
               | "chain", but I do acknowledge a timing belt is usually
               | non-metallic.
               | 
               | Sure, one could spend quite a bit of money making it even
               | beefier with more and more exotic materials, but in the
               | end its kind of hard to match the friction efficiency of
               | well-fitting gears directly connecting the torque. You're
               | pretty much guaranteed to encounter more friction on the
               | belt sliding on the cones compared to well lubricated and
               | properly made gears, and more friction means more wear
               | which means shorter life.
               | 
               | But this is kind of the idea of eCVTs. Instead of belts
               | sliding on cones (pulleys), they use motor/generators and
               | novel gearset placements to change how the torque flows
               | through the system. In this way friction is considerably
               | reduced. There are no belts to stretch or wear out.
        
             | floxy wrote:
             | >There's a number of reliable auto makers using CVTs for
             | years, such as Subaru
             | 
             | Isn't the CVT going bad one of the main complaints people
             | have with Subaru? Like at 100,000-150,000 miles. Other than
             | the head gasket issue which was fixed a decade ago? Asking,
             | since I'm in the market for a used vehicle, and the CVT
             | reliability has me hesitant.
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | Subaru CVTs tend to burn up a solenoid in the valve body.
               | They are available for $30-40 on eBay and take about 3
               | hours to do for the first time.
               | 
               | Dealers charge $3000 for the job. They install all new
               | valve bodies for about $1200, and for some reason want 8
               | hours for the job.
               | 
               | I helped a friend do it after watching some YouTube
               | videos, and we just swapped the one bad solenoid. 20k
               | miles later, 120k total, everything is fine.
               | 
               | The problem isn't always the cars even. It's the entire
               | repair model.
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | I just saw a video about a Nissan truck where you can't
               | get transmission parts -- you can only buy entire
               | transmissions. It's outrageous. Seal leaking? Time for a
               | new transmission!
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | Yes that video from Dave's shop has been making the
               | rounds. Its definitely a problem but honestly if the seal
               | was removed and the exterior, interior, and depth were
               | measured it can be purchased by spec instead of by a
               | parts match for the exact transmission. That's like
               | saying a furniture company won't sell me a screw that I
               | lost, so the cabinet is worthless. I spec what kind of
               | screw I need by taking a sample of another or
               | measurements of another and go buy a generic screw.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | If you have a large engine and a small engine producing the
             | same amount of power the large one will have a lot less
             | load and so will last longer (assuming all else is equal -
             | which is never the case). However it doesn't matter in
             | practice as a modern car body and suspension system will
             | wear out long before the engine in most cases.
        
             | emmelaich wrote:
             | The feel of a CVT in bigger vehicles is weird. Very
             | difficult to get used to. Especially in ECO mode (Kia)
             | which it defaults to.
        
       | dragontamer wrote:
       | https://www.spglobal.com/mobility/en/research-analysis/avera...
       | 
       | The opposite. With cars reaching much more advanced ages today,
       | when a collision happens it's a write-off.
       | 
       | The modern car isn't 'disposable'. In fact, all statistics point
       | to us holding onto cars longer today than ever before. Today's
       | cars are the most durable that they've ever been.
        
         | dsalfdslfdsa wrote:
         | The OP's article was careful to make this distinction, and I
         | think it's very interesting (as well as being the crucial point
         | of the article). Cars are now more reliable and last longer,
         | but when they do develop a problem, it's less economically
         | viable to repair them.
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | The definition of 'Totaled' is when a comparable car on the
           | used market can replace your vehicle for less than or equal
           | to the repair costs.
           | 
           | As such, it makes no sense to repair a totaled vehicle. You
           | should instead buy a comparable used vehicle.
           | 
           | But saying the word 'Disposable' is pretty bad with regards
           | to the headline. It doesn't capture the full effect of what
           | the stats are showing. That is, we are all keeping vehicles
           | for longer. Longer miles, longer life.
           | 
           | Repair costs for old vehicles always grows as old parts tend
           | to be harder to find (factories have shifted production to
           | newer vehicles. So you are forced to look for scrap).
           | Meanwhile, older cars lose more and more value as they age.
        
             | StableAlkyne wrote:
             | > As such, it makes no sense to repair a totaled vehicle.
             | You should instead buy a comparable used vehicle.
             | 
             | I sometimes wonder how much the carbon footprint of the
             | auto industry would change if people preferred to fix them
             | instead of throwing the whole thing away just because of a
             | fender bender or an expensive part broke
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Our CR-V was rear-ended. It's a great car and it's pretty
               | likely to be totaled because the cost of repairs is going
               | to end up being higher than the insurance company is
               | willing to pay. (And then I expect it's going to be a
               | massive fight for me to get paid enough to replace it
               | like-for-like, but that's a separate issue from the
               | overall footprint.)
               | 
               | I don't see any reasonable way around this, though. If I
               | have a car that I could replace for $8K plus the cost of
               | replicating some mods [CarPlay head unit, tow hitch, and
               | heated seats] and would salvage for $1K, I can't
               | reasonably expect someone else's insurance company to pay
               | $12.5K in costs (for repairs plus rentals/loss of use
               | plus diminished value plus incidentals) to put me back in
               | a place where I then have a crash-repaired car worth $7K
               | plus $1K in cash in my pocket for diminished value. What
               | other carbon reduction could be bought for that extra $3K
               | in costs vs. repairing our damaged car?
               | 
               | From the at-fault driver's and their insurance company's
               | point of view: the driver's negligence caused around
               | $8-9K of direct damages to me plus several hundred in
               | incidental/related expenses. _That 's_ what the driver is
               | liable for (and the insurance company on the hook to
               | cover as per their agreement), not a $12+K figure for a
               | liability for damages amount that was thousands lower.
        
               | kd5bjo wrote:
               | > I don't see any reasonable way around this, though. If
               | I have a car that I could replace for $8K and would
               | salvage for $1K, I can't reasonably expect someone else's
               | insurance company to pay $12.5K in costs (for repairs
               | plus rentals/loss of use plus diminished value plus
               | incidentals) to put me back in a place where I then have
               | a crash-repaired car worth $7K plus $1K in cash in my
               | pocket for diminished value.
               | 
               | The problem with that logic is the assumption that the
               | car can be replaced for $8K. To some (maybe most) people,
               | cars are non-fungible and there is a significant amount
               | of personal, non-transferrable value in _one particular_
               | vehicle, due e.g. to the memories acquired in connection
               | with it.
               | 
               | Part of the reason that people get upset when the
               | insurance company decides to declare their car totaled is
               | that the replacement value offered is significantly lower
               | than they would have accepted for the car had it not been
               | in an accident-- The actuarial value assigned isn't
               | properly valuing the intangibles.
               | 
               |  _Edit to add:_ Or, in other words, if the market-
               | clearing price of  "comparable" vehicles represented the
               | actual value of the car to its owner, the car would have
               | already been on the used market. The fact that it wasn't
               | signals that there must be some premium over the market
               | price that's necessary to make the owner whole.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | True. As a car person, I'm expecting an annoying battle
               | here, and that's over just replacing the utilitarian
               | aspects of what is a pure utility car for us.
               | 
               | If it was my fairly modified (by me) '66 Mustang, that
               | would be very difficult to get to a settlement figure
               | that I'd find fair.
        
               | linuxftw wrote:
               | What you describe would be insurance over the minimum
               | coverage, which is available. If you take the minimum,
               | expect to get the 'market value' of a replacement because
               | that's what you agreed to when you initiated the policy.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | There are two key cases: when you are forced to deal with
               | your insurance company because no one else is at fault.
               | In that case, you get what you bought.
               | 
               | When another driver is at fault and you elect to not use
               | your insurance company for whatever reason. In that case,
               | you didn't have any opportunity to pre-arrange with this
               | other driver's insurance company and you have to fall
               | back on the law as a backstop.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Here is another angle on that "sentimentality" you're
               | talking about. If I've been following the book on every
               | maintenance item, driving gently, and proactively going
               | after any rust that starts to form on the vehicle that is
               | then smashed up in an accident I don't want an
               | "equivalent market value" used vehicle that was neglected
               | and beat to shit by the previous owner just because it's
               | the same make, model, and age. Especially since that
               | previous owner was a chain smoker.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | All dozen of my kids were conceived in the back of that
               | 1997 Toyota Camry. The car was given to me from my
               | Grandpa after he passed. All those memories from the past
               | 27 years clearly has a ton of sentimental value; I put it
               | at $2M. I'll settle for half of that though.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | When you buy car insurance, you're insuring the car for
               | its market value, not for its sentimental value to you
               | personally.
        
               | throwaway173738 wrote:
               | I literally can't get another light truck that's as
               | compact and as useful as the one I have. My choice is to
               | buy a giant semi truck or an suv with a 4-foot box bed.
               | There's more to vehicles then sentimental or book value.
               | 
               | As it stands I'll probably try to get a mini van and put
               | vinyl floors in.
        
               | nytesky wrote:
               | The total valued does not include the significant time of
               | finding an equivalent vehicle at that price in the rough
               | and tumble used car market.
               | 
               | It also does not price in the significant risk that a
               | used car of this vintage significant undisclosed defects
               | that are hard to detect by inspection at purchase.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Agree on the first.
               | 
               | In theory (and I think in practice), the second is priced
               | into the used car market already.
        
               | quadyeast wrote:
               | ... including the gently driven car that just got
               | totaled.
        
               | nytesky wrote:
               | So if someone else is at fault, their insurance can total
               | your car? I thought that was only a factor for your own
               | comprehensive/collision insurance. I would expect if my
               | car is damaged and the repairs are $X, that is the other
               | drivers liability regardless of the value of my car??
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Imagine your 1990 Honda Accord is smashed into a 2' x 2'
               | x 2' cube or caught fire and burned to the ground as a
               | result of the accident that was someone else's fault.
               | 
               | Do you think that the other insurance should be on the
               | hook to repair the remains of your car into a functioning
               | 1990 Honda Accord?
               | 
               | Or is paying to replace the car with like sufficient? (I
               | hate it, but I have to agree that it's far more practical
               | to allow the replacement.)
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | That depends. In the general case I'd call a 2000 Toyota
               | close enough because I don't consider the 1990 Honda
               | collectable. However if you are a collector that 1990 is
               | a 30 year old classic and you can demand more. To demand
               | more than means you need to show you will - get a special
               | insurance policy that will demand a 1990 Honda if
               | anything happens. You also won't be driving this 1990
               | Honda on the roads except in context of a parade (you put
               | it on a trailer to get to the parade).
        
               | odyssey7 wrote:
               | People might prefer to fix them. The paradigm of
               | replacing rather than repairing is effectively enforced
               | by insurance policies.
               | 
               | A different insurance model would be necessary to adopt a
               | repair orientation. Maybe it's the equivalent of paying
               | more to be "green," except that consumers don't really
               | consider it as an option when they buy a car insurance
               | policy. It seems like this kind of option would justify
               | higher insurance premiums, so maybe a major insurer could
               | consider promoting one as environmentally friendly.
        
               | its_ethan wrote:
               | I think the issue is mostly from misaligned motivations
               | from insurance companies and car manufacturers.
               | 
               | On the insurance side, they're motivated by finances. If
               | the quote to fix a car is $10k and the car itself was
               | only worth $8k, the insurance company is just going to
               | give you $8k to find yourself an equivalent car to the
               | one you "totaled". There's no intrinsic motivation for
               | the insurance company to go for the $10k repair? Maybe
               | allow them to have carbon credits or something for
               | spending an extra $2k to keep the same car on the road?
               | How do you tease out how much of a carbon win this is?
               | (and who is in charge of deciding that?)
               | 
               | So then on the car manufacturer side, they're motivated
               | by sales/ brand reliability. Maybe if cars were more
               | repair-friendly that would help change the equation? That
               | comes with the potential trade-off of new cars being more
               | expensive and/or less reliable if they can't be as
               | tightly integrated as they currently are. So if car
               | manufacturers are motivated to make the most
               | reliable/cheap car, they are going to forgo making them
               | less repairable.
               | 
               | If you try and get both sides of this equation onto the
               | same page, I don't know that you could trust that there
               | wouldn't be some under the table shenanigans going on
               | without making things so overregulated that both new cars
               | and car repairs are both more expensive?
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | If you priced carbon emissions for building the car into
               | the cost of new cars, it would fix this. In the case of
               | your example, the used car would be worth more than $8k
               | because new cars would be correspondingly more expensive.
               | 
               | Of course the problem is as you said how do you price
               | carbon emissions.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | > instead of throwing the whole thing away
               | 
               | But, that already isn't what happens. A totaled vehicle
               | is almost never thrown away. They're sold for salvage
               | value. Some of them _are_ repaired, and sold as rebuilt
               | vehicles. Others are stripped for parts that are recycled
               | to fix _other_ vehicles. And anything left over is
               | recycled for raw material.
        
               | linkjuice4all wrote:
               | The change to unibody construction in the 70s/80s and the
               | more-recent move to 'gigapressing' an entire car with
               | body work has unfortunately made repair much more
               | difficult.
               | 
               | In the past body shops would realign frames, pull body
               | work back into shape, and weld in new pieces but it's
               | just not safe and practical to do that with unibody
               | vehicles even if you did have the tooling and machinery
               | to ensure that it was done right and everything is
               | actually back into factory spec and alignment.
               | 
               | It's almost a shame that the electric vehicle
               | 'skateboard' concept (essentially a rolling chassis in
               | industrial/truck vehicle terminology) didn't really get
               | anywhere - but I have to imagine that design constraints,
               | extra weight from attaching the body to the chassis, and
               | other relevant factors that pushed us into unibody
               | vehicles in the first place also made concept unfeasible.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | > weld in new pieces but it's just not safe and practical
               | to do that with unibody vehicles
               | 
               | Unibody cars are repaired safely all the time, whether
               | for collision or rust repair. It may have been easier in
               | the body-on-frame days, but it safe and practical now
               | still.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Its considerably more labor intensive though, which means
               | $$$.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | As GP said, the author recognized that people are keeping
             | cars longer and that they are more durable. However a new
             | wrinkle is that "the proportion of brand new vehicles being
             | written off has increased." This is due to the costs of
             | repairing "Advanced Driver Assistance Systems" such as
             | automatic braking and lane-keeping assistance. These
             | systems include sensors, cameras, and other equipment that
             | must be carefully calibrated, which adds a lot of skilled
             | labor costs to the repairs. It's no longer the case that a
             | repair is just hammering out dents and spraying some paint.
        
               | cratermoon wrote:
               | Any collision that sets of the airbags in a modern car is
               | almost guaranteed to be a write-off.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Yep, they are surprisingly complex and expensive sensor-
               | controlled devices, and a modern car might have a dozen
               | of them. Just their replacement alone will be thousands
               | of dollars, on top of the actual collision repair work.
        
               | emmelaich wrote:
               | I've spoken to a number of people lately that have had to
               | take their Audi/VW/Mercedes/ other to the shop for repair
               | because of the electronics.
               | 
               | One was charged thousands to fix a snow sensor. We don't
               | get snow in Sydney.
               | 
               | Guy who runs a fleet of luxury vehicles said the sensors
               | are cheap and simply fail after five or so years.
               | 
               | My own VW Passat randomly failed to start occasionally
               | with some mysterious light on. (I forget the details). I
               | sold it.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | It makes sense to repair a totaled vehicle if you can do
             | most of the repair work yourself instead of paying the
             | market rate. A friend has an older Volkswagen Jetta that
             | was hit from behind at an intersection. There was no frame
             | damage or airbag deployment but the insurance company
             | totaled it because inflation has driven labor charges for
             | simple repairs to ridiculous levels. My friend took the
             | insurance payout and repaired it himself using a junkyard
             | bumper. Works fine. But he had more free time and better
             | mechanical skills than most people.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | That also works well when you are willing to accept less
               | than fully restoring the car to the pre-accident
               | condition.
               | 
               | Many people are happy to have a mismatched bumper or hood
               | in exchange for $700 in their pocket.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | > The definition of 'Totaled' is when a comparable car on
             | the used market can replace your vehicle for less than or
             | equal to the repair costs.
             | 
             | Only in Texas and Colorado. Almost all states require cars
             | to be declared a total loss before that.
             | 
             | The most common definitions are
             | 
             | 1. The Total Loss Formula, which is when the value of the
             | car is less than or equal to the repair costs _plus the
             | salvage value_ of the vehicle
             | 
             | 2. 75% threshold -- which is when the repair costs are 75%
             | of the price to replace your vehicle
             | 
             | https://www.carinsurance.com/Articles/total-loss-
             | thresholds....
        
           | ToucanLoucan wrote:
           | I can't get the link to work at the moment so I was
           | wondering: are the stats being covered here including or
           | excluding EVs? I've read elsewhere that EV repair costs are
           | artificially high due to various other factors surrounding
           | the manufacture and distribution of their parts versus ICE
           | vehicles, not only but especially the batteries being SO
           | expensive that it borderline out-prices a new car.
        
         | skhunted wrote:
         | What do you think about Cubans keeping cars from 1950s running
         | for as long as they did? It seems to me that maybe we live in a
         | society that is overly permissive of replacing items.
        
           | a1371 wrote:
           | This kind of argument ignores the real cost of having to
           | upkeep a 50s car: the human suffering. Cubans are forced to
           | use this option and their society suffers from it.
        
             | skhunted wrote:
             | From an environmental perspective it's a good thing. Don't
             | know if that makes it worth it but we are creating far too
             | much pollution.
        
               | constantcrying wrote:
               | Cars from the 50s are less energy efficient and require
               | more overall resources to maintain than a new car. They
               | are also significantly less safe.
        
               | skhunted wrote:
               | I imagine the mining of materials, waste from discarded
               | car, etc. makes up for these things but I don't know. I
               | do think overall we are a very wasteful society and we
               | cause way too much pollution.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | A scrapped car is recycled for the metals in it. So if
               | you recycle the old car you can count much less costs
               | against the new car.
        
               | babypuncher wrote:
               | Keeping an old car functioning is only better for the
               | environment up to a certain point. If your cars are
               | staying on the road long enough, eventually it makes more
               | environmental sense to replace a 50 year old car that
               | gets 18 miles per gallon with a new one that gets 45 and
               | can last another 50 years.
        
           | syntheticnature wrote:
           | Cars from the 50s and 60s were comparatively less complex and
           | easier to maintain and repair. Of course, they don't get the
           | gas mileage or meet the same emissions criteria, and in a
           | crash they aren't as survivable because they don't compress
           | to reduce force on the occupants.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | They did that at great cost - the cars are not very close to
           | factory original - most parts of been replaced multiple
           | times. Those are not the original engines. It would have been
           | much less labor to just replace the cars with something more
           | modern. However Cuba had plenty of low cost labor and no
           | ability to import anything else so they did it anyway.
        
         | francisofascii wrote:
         | Cars can be both disposable, but also true we keep them longer.
         | For example, my car's TPMS tire pressure gauge battery died,
         | but the battery is internal to the system and isn't designed to
         | replace the battery. So a repair/replacement is $600-900. But I
         | am not replacing the car or getting the repair. I am simply
         | living with the warning light on.
        
         | Rapzid wrote:
         | This is really good. The energy use for fabricating a car must
         | be huge.
        
         | babypuncher wrote:
         | It's been something of a give and take. Modern cars are
         | significantly more reliable than they used to be, often going
         | 150k miles without any issues beyond regular maintenance. But
         | when they do break, repairs are a lot more costly.
        
       | beretguy wrote:
       | Tangential but related:
       | 
       | There are full parking lots with brand new cars that go under
       | press or get disassembled for parts because dealership don't want
       | sell them at a cheaper prices.
       | 
       | https://www.costulessdirect.com/blog/where-brand-new-unsold-...
       | 
       | From article:
       | 
       | > the unsold cars that are older than two years old, will have no
       | alternative but to be either crushed, dismantled and/or their
       | parts recycled. Want to see for yourself? Do a quick search on
       | Google Maps of Baltimore, Maryland, looking south of Broening Hwy
       | in Dundalk, there you will see a massive expanse of space where
       | many unsold cars are currently parked.
        
         | ip26 wrote:
         | _Every day in the United States, a large number of cars are
         | being produced. Most of these cars never get sold to customers
         | because people just can't afford them._
         | 
         | Oh yes, that makes perfect sense, every day they make 100 cars
         | and then scrap more than 50 of them.
         | 
         |  _The car manufacturing industry can't stop producing new
         | automobiles because they would have to close their factories
         | and lay off thousands of their workers._
         | 
         | Right, layoffs, that never happens.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | Yeah, I thought the actual premise was interesting (I'm sure
           | there is a good amount of unsold inventory that is
           | recycled/destroyed/etc., just like in any goods industry) and
           | was interested to learn more about the mechanics of the
           | process, but that article was just ridiculous - 0 actual
           | numbers and it felt like it was written by a third grader.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Layoffs do happen, but they are hard to do because the auto
           | makers are selling some cars. The factory works at one speed,
           | and so if they sell 100 cars but make 200 what can they do.
           | 
           | The above is why companies try to do just in time
           | manufacturing. However this is always easier on paper than
           | the real world. Those factories need to shutdown for a week-
           | several months every year to repair tools and rearrange for
           | the next model year, and they need some cars saved up for
           | that. In addition other disasters mean sometimes they can't
           | get parts and so there is more reason to have a buffer of
           | unsold cars.
        
             | throwaway48476 wrote:
             | Sometimes car manufacturers overproduce and you can see
             | giant fields of cars on satellite imagery.
        
         | floxy wrote:
         | FWIW, Snopes says that story is false.
         | 
         | https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/unsold-cars/
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | Please, set this clickbait car insurance ad on fire, and
         | blackhole whatever "source" you got this from so it doesn't
         | push junk on you again.
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | > _currently, there are 6 billion people on our plant, and 10
         | billion running cars. This is because most families own an
         | average of two to three cars_
         | 
         | False and false. According to more reputable sources, there are
         | only ~ 1.5 billion cars in the world. And to the many families
         | that own two or more cars _in the US_ , there are many more
         | families that own 0 cars elsewhere in the world...
        
           | sarchertech wrote:
           | Not to mention that families are composed of more than one
           | person, so families owning more than one car doesn't get you
           | to more cars than people.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | That doesn't make sense. A family is by definition at least 2
           | people, so if they own two cars that's still one car per
           | person.
        
         | vel0city wrote:
         | That lot in Baltimore is a vehicle processing lot for the Port
         | of Baltimore. Cars manufactured overaseas usually come by boat
         | and delivered to places like that. The lot they're referencing
         | is owned/managed by Wallenius Wilhelmsen which specializes in
         | this RoRo style of logistics that are common with overseas car
         | shipping. They'll sit there for a short period of time as all
         | the customs work takes place and then shipped out all over the
         | country after by rail or truck. Seeing a single snapshot in
         | Google Maps of hundreds of new cars tells you nothing, you'd
         | have to actually analyze how long those cars are staying there.
         | 
         | Seeing a lot with a lot of new cars with delivery wrap still on
         | Google Maps isn't indicative of some new car graveyard, its
         | just showcasing the ignorance of how car imports work. What,
         | did they think a car manufacturing plant in Germany just
         | suddenly teleports cars into dealer lots in the US? Did they
         | think they were delivered by plane?
        
           | timw4mail wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure every Mitsubishi car sold in the US is
           | imported, and there are quite a few Mirages and Outlanders on
           | the road.
        
         | constantcrying wrote:
         | >Every day in the United States, a large number of cars are
         | being produced. Most of these cars never get sold to customers
         | because people just can't afford them. The car manufacturing
         | industry can't stop producing new automobiles because they
         | would have to close their factories and lay off thousands of
         | their workers.
         | 
         | That is an obvious lie. It is _obviously_ more expensive to
         | produce and scrap a car than to not produce one at all. What
         | you do if demand is low is _you produce less_. It is
         | economically more viable to pay workers for standing around
         | than to pay them to build and scrap a car. So the excuse about
         | jobs is another lie.
         | 
         | >Want to see for yourself? Do a quick search on Google Maps of
         | Baltimore, Maryland, looking south of Broening Hwy in Dundalk,
         | there you will see a massive expanse of space where many unsold
         | cars are currently parked.
         | 
         | Which is evidence of what exactly? That cars exist that aren't
         | sold? Surely that is no surprise.
        
       | dsalfdslfdsa wrote:
       | Obviously we need technological development, to keep everyone in
       | a job. What when we cannot maintain or afford those systems? This
       | includes systems of production, as well as the products
       | themselves.
        
       | jseliger wrote:
       | I live in Phoenix and now take Waymo regularly, and it seems like
       | we're close to a world in which most people take self-driving
       | cars most of the time, crash rates plummet, and these kinds of
       | articles come to resemble articles from 1910 about horse-related
       | problems.
       | 
       | Humans suck at driving: https://jakeseliger.com/2019/12/16/maybe-
       | cars-are-just-reall...
        
         | neogodless wrote:
         | Define "close."
         | 
         | (Anecdotally, I'm outside Harrisburg, and there are no self-
         | driving cars in... this state? People drive their cars just
         | like cave people did, with their hands on the wheel!)
         | 
         | Of note, the article mentions your sentiment near the
         | conclusion:
         | 
         | > Perhaps one day we'll all whizz around in self-driving cars
         | and accidents will be rare. But that's still a ways off.
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | > I'm outside Harrisburg
           | 
           | Hell, out there you've still got people using horse and
           | carriage.
        
         | kiba wrote:
         | I welcome self driving technology when they become available,
         | but from a system perspective, cars and car related
         | infrastructure imposed tremendous cost on our environment and
         | urban fabric.
        
         | nickthegreek wrote:
         | Phoenix doesn't really have the related weather concerns of the
         | midwest which allow Waymo to flourish in your state.
        
           | nytesky wrote:
           | It's also a grid roadway as a post-automobile city.
           | 
           | Granted they got SF working too, which is pretty varied
           | terrain but it took a lot of training. I guess we can roll it
           | out city by city but will they ever recoup the cost?
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | I've long thought that the bus market would be ideal - the
             | city bus doesn't take most of the roads in your city so you
             | don't need to program them in (or than a dead in). Just
             | make sure the roads department works with the transit
             | department to program in just the detours needed before
             | starting work.
        
         | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
         | We've been "close" for 10+ years now. We are not close.
        
           | currymj wrote:
           | 5 years ago you couldn't hop in a commercial self-driving
           | taxi in a major US city. Now you can. The progress has been
           | slower than everyone's predictions but it is still
           | substantial.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | In 1897, you could hop in a commercial electric taxi in
             | London. Alas, Londoners still have many gasoline cars on
             | the road.
             | 
             | Availability and mass adoption are two _very entirely_
             | different things.
             | 
             | The time in which people take most commutes by _any kind of
             | car_ is: today... 51% of people commute by car currently.
             | That took 136 years.
             | 
             | 'most of the time' for 'most people' is quite a high bar.
             | That's a lot of travel, for about 4 billion people. A few
             | people in Phoenix taking one after a night at the bar
             | doesn't even to begin to scratch that surface.
             | 
             | We're very much still at the 'Carl Benz demoing his
             | horseless carriage' stage of self-driving cars.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | IF, and this is a big if - self driving cars prove safer
               | than human drivers in all conditions - governments will
               | mandate it in all new cars and in 12 more years they will
               | be the majority, and a few more years and governments
               | will ban everything else (if not directly insurance via
               | high rates).
               | 
               | However right now they are not ready for that. They don't
               | work in all conditions and we don't have unbiased safety
               | studies.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | For varying definitions of "governments" and "will".
               | You're looking at this from a very western perspective.
               | 
               | For example, airbags have proven to drastically increase
               | safety, yet almost a half-century later they're still not
               | required by many countries across 2 and a half
               | continents. Governments only require safety equipment as
               | far as their population can afford it.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Most governments don't need to as they can leach off of
               | it not being worth making a model without airbags.
        
             | lucianbr wrote:
             | 65 years ago we had never traveled outside Earth's
             | atmosphere. 50 years ago we had traveled to the Moon.
             | Surely by now we are visiting the nearest star, no?
             | 
             | It's incredible to me how many people honestly believe they
             | can predict the future, when the future is so clearly
             | unpredictable. Even while you acknowledge that everyone's
             | predictions were too optimistic, in the very same sentence
             | you insist on an optimistic prediction.
        
               | currymj wrote:
               | I didn't make any prediction at all.
        
         | sparrc wrote:
         | Phoenix has extremely wide and straight roads, with very few
         | pedestrians, and very little rain or snow.
         | 
         | Compared to the entire world this is VERY anomalous, so I think
         | we're still pretty far from "most people" using self-driving
         | cars.
        
         | userabchn wrote:
         | I wonder what we are going to do with all of the car parking
         | that will become as obsolete as horse stables.
        
           | nixonpjoshua wrote:
           | This is actually the thing I am most excited about with the
           | prospect of self-driving, the biggest way car-centric
           | infrastructure ruins cities is by parking requirements.
           | 
           | Unfortunately most cities in the USA have parking minimums so
           | even if a market change occurs and they are all empty the
           | lots will stick around for a while until they are no longer
           | legally required.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | I think it is silly to think self driving cars gets rid of
           | parking. If you don't use a car much it is cheaper to use a
           | taxi service. However people who use a car often will be
           | money ahead owning their own. Plus if you own the car you can
           | keep your "junk" in it while doing something else. Most cars
           | are needed during rush hour, so there isn't much need for
           | cars the rest of the day.
           | 
           | All of which means we need nearly as much parking in the
           | future. Sure we save a little because the car will leave your
           | immediate area (read CO2 and other emissions) for free
           | parking out of sight, but they are still parked. You will
           | want it parked somewhat close to you because you never know
           | when you will have a family emergency and have to leave
           | early.
        
             | lucianbr wrote:
             | On a tangent, I wonder how many car manufacturers would
             | actually sell a self-driving car if they were able to build
             | one. Creating a taxi fleet and charging for usage seems
             | much more profitable.
             | 
             | Or at the very least, the price would go up a lot. Who
             | cares about the cost, when the value of the sold good is so
             | high? Why sell it cheap? I note that Waymo has no intention
             | of selling the things.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Most of them. Car manufacturers aren't too greatly in
               | vertical integration. One could argue that having a car
               | rental agency for manufacturer would be great idea. Get
               | cars at cost, rent them short to medium term, keep
               | maintenance inhouse sell them after some period for most
               | of the price.
               | 
               | But I don't think there is any manufacturers that rent
               | vehicles for short term and neither there are any rental
               | firms that manufacture their cars...
               | 
               | In the end making things and renting them is different
               | businesses.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | The economics don't work. Some people are willing to pay
               | extra for a car in perfect condition. Some people will
               | happily save money by using a beat up car. By selling a
               | car they get their money now from a high priced car. If
               | they try to be the taxi they need to figure out who will
               | demand (and pay for) the perfect car, vs who will demand
               | the cheapest car. This is one more way that cars are not
               | interchangeable.
        
       | zolbrek wrote:
       | https://archive.is/N4uIU
        
       | csours wrote:
       | Reminds me of this:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40266464
       | 
       | https://eugeneyan.com/writing/simplicity/
       | 
       | "Simplicity is a great virtue but it requires hard work to
       | achieve it and education to appreciate it. And to make matters
       | worse: complexity sells better." -- Edsger Dijkstra
       | 
       | Especially:
       | 
       | Complexity signals more features.
        
       | notjoemama wrote:
       | GM requiring Google integration and eliminating Apple Car Play
       | and Android Auto makes me think a brand new model is immediately
       | disposable.
       | 
       | If I have choice removed from me, in particular a choice I very
       | much care about, then I'm going to care about owning that car
       | less. The more that happens the more people may view vehicles as
       | pure utility and much easier to walk away from for any reason,
       | especially repair cost. Who cares whether you replace a Chevrolet
       | with a Ford when they are untouchable boxes?
       | 
       | Insurance companies would love this BYW. If they can find a
       | cheaper alternative that's another brand, you'll be reimbursed
       | for that, not what you originally bought.
       | 
       | It certainly looks like many small choices are being made towards
       | automobiles being truly disposable.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | > If I have choice removed from me
         | 
         | I think this points to a _slightly_ deeper issue sitting just
         | below  "consumer choice", which is "tight coupling."
         | 
         | It sounds like GM has made a tighter-coupling between their
         | vehicle and one particular brand of smartphone, and that's
         | suggestive that _other_ tight-couplings might exist elsewhere
         | the design. The more tightly-coupled parts (to particular
         | brands, form-factors, and proprietary connectors) the harder
         | /more-expensive it will be to keep the overall car-system
         | working over a decade or two as some of its hard-dependencies
         | stop getting built.
         | 
         | So a lack of smartphone choice isn't just annoying, it also
         | suggests something about the designers not planning for long-
         | term maintenance.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | I think it is also a trust issue - GM doesn't trust Apple
           | will approve updates to their iphone app and so won't risk
           | it. Also Apple charges a lot of $$$ to car company to connect
           | to carplay and I think GM called their bluff. I'm not sure
           | what the costs to android auto are or why GM wouldn't still
           | connect to that.
           | 
           | Note that as a consumer I don't trust anyone above. Sure GM's
           | app will work great now, but in 3-6 years I expect they will
           | decide drop support for my currently working car in their
           | app. Apple and Google will also change their OS and so the
           | app that does work with my car won't work anymore on new
           | phones. I also expect updates to CarPlay/Android Auto that
           | won't work with my old car in a few years. Nobody in this
           | business wants to provide support for the average car which
           | is currently 12 years old - unless you pay which someone
           | driving a 12+ year old car won't want to do. (GM provides
           | parts for those older cars, but people pay for those parts)
        
       | salad-tycoon wrote:
       | I just want a cheap, safe dependable car. Anti lock brakes, a
       | couple of air bags, crumple zones, maybe Bluetooth, real dials,
       | two base versions: AWD and non AWD. That's it. No telephony, no
       | on star, no breathalyzers. I don't need to play Witcher in it.
       | Just need it to turn on and then off after running around.
       | 
       | I'm holding onto my ancient POS because it's impossible
       | apparently to find the above. Everything is new and full of drive
       | by wire, telephony, spyware crap. Oh and the prices... come on!
       | 
       | I never was a car buff, I wish I had been as it definitely
       | appears we have ended an era and I mourn isolated from the gear
       | heads.
        
         | hoelle wrote:
         | Honda and Toyota are still cheap, safe, and dependable.
         | 
         | Our CR-V is such a great value I don't actually understand how
         | they turn a profit.
        
         | AnarchismIsCool wrote:
         | I wish there was an actual community of people building open
         | source cars. It exists for fucking airplanes but there's
         | __nothing__ on the vehicle market. Pool some money, crash test
         | a couple, get some shop in asia to make frames. Make it fairly
         | modular, something like an EV version of the 1995 ford ranger,
         | something where people can throw whatever they want on the back
         | and turn it into anything. Super bare minimum, no egregious
         | plastics all over the inside, just use off the shelf parts and
         | people can customize as they see fit.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | People make their own airplanes. What nobody tells you is
           | that most people who complete the airplane would be time and
           | money ahead getting a job at McDonald's and buying a
           | completed airplane once they saved up enough money. However
           | there are not enough people who want an airplane to pay for
           | the costs/liability of setting up a factory to build one and
           | so you have no choice if you want a new one.
           | 
           | People also build their own cars from scratch. It isn't as
           | well known, but it is done. Again not a good use of time or
           | money but if you want something specific that isn't on the
           | market you have no choice.
        
             | throwaway48476 wrote:
             | You're conflating the airplane market with the market for
             | experimental aircraft.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Most people making their own plane are following plans
               | and thus not experimenting. They are making an
               | experimental plane because regulations make that their
               | best option, but if it was possible to get a new plane
               | for a mass produced cost they wouldn't. The end goal is
               | the plane not making a plane themself. (most don't finish
               | the plane but that is a different story)
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | There are kit car sellers and you can build yourself a car
           | (kit or plans), but it's a ridiculous amount of time to hand-
           | build a car from plans and still a very large amount of time
           | to build and paint a kit car.
        
           | babypuncher wrote:
           | Kit cars have been around for decades, though I have no idea
           | if any are available under an open source license.
        
         | Night_Thastus wrote:
         | I got a new Corolla and felt that it fit the bill.
         | 
         | It still has newer features like lane centering and radar
         | cruise control. However, it's a good, simple, reliable car at a
         | much more reasonable price point.
         | 
         | As for feature creep - this is inevitable because all 99.99% of
         | consumers care about are features and price. It's like people
         | asking for a "non-smart TV". It's not going to happen, ever.
         | Consumers who care about that aren't a percent of a percent of
         | the market.
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | I also got a new Corolla recently, but I did have to opt out
           | of the features that phone home to Toyota.
        
         | evantbyrne wrote:
         | There are tons of models that match this list if you drop the
         | no-DBW requirement. My 6-speed Wrangler is throttle by wire and
         | I have no issues on-road or off-road. You can also usually
         | adjust the throttle if you don't like the feel. Maybe take a
         | look at Subarus if you want no-frills AWD.
        
         | babypuncher wrote:
         | I bought a Ford Maverick last week and it's pretty close to
         | this. In addition to bluetooth, the head unit supports
         | carplay/android auto. But it has no built-in nav system or
         | subscription bullshit.
         | 
         | It has knobs and buttons for everything you want to use while
         | driving, including volume, transport controls (on both the
         | steering wheel and below the screen), radio tuner, and climate
         | control.
         | 
         | The closest alternative I looked at was the Hyundai Santa Cruz,
         | which was more expensive. _All_ of its buttons except those on
         | the steering wheel and column stalks are capacitive nightmares
         | with no tactile feedback. That alone was enough to help make my
         | decision.
        
       | tonetegeatinst wrote:
       | I'm conflicted. I know modern vehicles are so complex and if
       | something breaks it actually is cheaper to just go bet a new
       | car.....but I don't really like that.
       | 
       | On the other hand, most of my close family that I know has a
       | vehicle that is fixable. I know how to do basic stuff like change
       | oil, change a tire or break pads, but I also know how much
       | vehicles are digital and I really don't enjoy that.
        
         | talldatethrow wrote:
         | Every vehicle is fixable. When you replace your modern vehicle,
         | someone buys it and fixes it and sells it for a profit.
         | 
         | I've had friends trade in $30k vehicles with problems for $15k
         | and then be surprised when it's on the dealer website in 7 days
         | for $30k fixed.
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | > modern vehicles are so complex and if something breaks it
         | actually is cheaper to just go bet a new car
         | 
         | it's not.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | The rich have been flogging this idea since cash for clunkers.
       | That, because _they_ run through cars like shit through a goose,
       | you will too.
       | 
       | Speaking as a master diesel mechanic, this is a deleterious line
       | of thinking for anyone with less than a few million dollars.
       | Every car has 20 years of parts, and most Japanese cars have
       | closer into 50 years of parts. Any engine built after 2010 will
       | likely last half a million miles or more as a feature of quality
       | control and automation alone.
       | 
       | Maintaining a well running vehicle long term with a local
       | mechanic is always cheaper than buying a new car every 5 years,
       | and just because insurance says its "totaled" doesn't mean it
       | isnt fixable and safe to drive.
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | It's usually not the engine that fails. The transmission is far
         | more likely to be the weak point, and after that it is rust
         | destroying the body or frame.
         | 
         | The average age of a car is like 13 years old. Most people are
         | definitely not buying new ones every 5 years.
        
           | nimbius wrote:
           | I agree, a transmission is really only good for around 200k
           | miles. However, you can buy a used transmission in most cases
           | for under 3 grand, and again labor for this thanks to
           | automation is likely less than $500.
           | 
           | The real blocker I dont mention is time. Your shop will need
           | that car for a few days and shipping will take time too. At
           | some point the wait isnt worth it anymore. The upside is, 2
           | used Toyotas are still cheaper than a new one new Toyota
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | That and you're not getting another 200k miles out of that
             | used transmission.
             | 
             | The other thing that people don't talk about as much is the
             | parts market got seriously messed up during COVID and still
             | hasn't fully recovered. It's more common now for repair
             | parts to either be unavailable or enormously marked up.
             | Like a particular repair might only take a few hours and
             | what should be a few hundred bucks in parts, but the car
             | gets totaled because one of the parts is unavailable or
             | inexplicably costs thousands and the shop doesn't want the
             | liability of hacking together an alternative solution.
             | Especially if the missing part is an ECM or sensor or
             | something else that might make the car fail an inspection.
        
             | doubled112 wrote:
             | Dealers are charging about $200/hr labour in my area.
             | Independent shops are $150/hr and up.
             | 
             | I don't think anybody is replacing my transmission for
             | $500.
             | 
             | Did you mean the whole job for less than $5000?
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | The entire comment seems off. They said thanks to
               | automation labor will be $500. What automation is there
               | in replacing a used transmission in a garage on an oily
               | rusty 200k mile car on a lift.
        
               | doubled112 wrote:
               | I caught that too, but decided to ignore it.
               | 
               | There isn't an automation in the world that will take
               | enough of the car apart for you. Or at least my mechanic
               | friends haven't found it.
               | 
               | Will keep waiting for AI to grow itself some arms.
        
             | blakes wrote:
             | There is probably no transmission in a US road car that can
             | be replaced for $500 in labor at an auto shop. Your buddy
             | or some rando may do it, but no shop will for that price.
             | Typical shop rate is $120-$220/hour. Most shops are going
             | to charge a minimum of 4 hours, but probably closer to 8
             | hours. Have you ever been under a car? The amount of
             | "automation" required to replace a transmission is still in
             | the arena of science fiction.
        
             | UniverseHacker wrote:
             | I think you have those switched... a used transmission is
             | probably about $300, and 3 grand to install it.
             | 
             | On most cars the transmission is probably the biggest
             | failure liability- I pretty much only drive manuals for
             | that reason, doing a clutch is a lot cheaper than replacing
             | an automatic, and the better you are at driving it the less
             | you need to do it.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | At least in my area, the problem is labor costs. If you can do
         | things yourself, it's great. If you need a mechanic to do it,
         | you're looking at a big expense, because mechanic labor is
         | expensive and there's a lot more covers and harder to get to
         | parts these days. 'Maintenance free' transmissions are very
         | common in newer cars, and they do tend to need less
         | maintenance, but when they do, there's often not a great way to
         | access them. Etc.
        
           | throwaway48476 wrote:
           | Modern cars aren't designed to be easy to work on which
           | really inflates the labor hours required for even trivial
           | issues.
        
             | magicalhippo wrote:
             | The my front left indicator light went on my BMW i3. Tried
             | looking up the specs for the bulb to buy a new one. Of
             | course it wasn't that simple. Oh boy was I naive.
             | 
             | No, it required a whole new headlight assembly, $800 plus
             | labor.
             | 
             | Funnily enough, the car got totalled shortly after, before
             | I had decided to go ahead with the repair. Someone hit my
             | SO as she was in a roundabout, and the impact moved the car
             | several meters. Cracked the carbon fiber chassis. Estimated
             | repair cost was 1.5x price of a new car.
             | 
             | So, never got the pleasure of finding out how much labor
             | would have been for replacing the headlight unit. I'm
             | assuming it would have been a lot more than for replacing a
             | light bulb...
        
               | pram wrote:
               | Similar thing happened to me on my GTI, the Xenon bulb
               | replacements weren't too expensive but replacing it
               | literally required disassembling a large portion of the
               | front end of the car. I couldn't believe it.
        
               | celim307 wrote:
               | I have been quoted 500$ to fix a stuck gascap cover,
               | because apparently the spring is inside and attached to
               | the rear body panel, and would require a major part
               | replacement.
               | 
               | Although im starting to suspect my mechanic is taking me
               | for a ride
        
               | consp wrote:
               | On my ford it's three bolts and two cables and you can
               | take the headlight unit out, 5 minutes work tops. And
               | that's with LED lights which should never be replaced (by
               | the owner as they always need calibration). On my
               | previous one it was even easier to let them stay in and
               | move your hand in an awkward position to get the job
               | done.
        
               | magicalhippo wrote:
               | Nice. Perhaps it wouldn't be so bad, had the unit itself
               | been reasonably priced.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | My neighbor has BMW z3. He has same story about its
               | lights, which fail more than you'd expect.
               | 
               | Also: It's a hard top convertible. The mechanicism
               | stopped fully opening or closing. Bummer. Two repair
               | shops gave ridiculous quotes to troubleshoot and repair.
               | 
               | Using a scanner (generic OBD II scanner with BMW's
               | specific codes), we narrowed the search. The ultimate fix
               | was just two $15 switches. Being noobs, it took us some
               | effort to detach and reattach the hard top.
               | 
               | I don't mind the labor effort (costs). It is a BMW after
               | all. But it's ridiculous that these cars can't report
               | their failing electronic bits.
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | right, the $42K Rivian fender bender was a particularly
             | egregious example. https://www.theautopian.com/heres-why-
             | that-rivian-r1t-repair...
        
               | karma_pharmer wrote:
               | oh my god.
               | 
               | what exactly were the rivian engineers thinking?
        
           | jmrm wrote:
           | > 'Maintenance free' transmissions are very common in newer
           | cars
           | 
           | I take advantage to your comment to write this PSA (that
           | probably you already know):
           | 
           | All transmissions require maintenance, and even manual ones.
           | Those automatic tagged as 'maintenance free' from the brand
           | aren't, and if you call the manufacturer of that
           | transmission, Getrag, ZF, or whatever it is, they should say
           | which ATF and filters it needs and in what interval.
           | 
           | If you do maintenance with an independent technician (not a
           | dealership or a "Jiffy Lube") with some good reputation, they
           | probably help with that
        
             | ssl-3 wrote:
             | How does find a phone number for General Motors that lets
             | someone talk to the person who knows these details and is
             | both willing and able to relay them?
             | 
             | [insert rant here about BMW's "lifetime" fluid in the 4L30E
             | that they used in E36s]
        
         | Gibbon1 wrote:
         | If you look at light vehicle sales in the US they've been stuck
         | at 17 million units a year for the last 25. I think that's why
         | manufacturers keep retching up the size and cost of cars.
         | 
         | I keep seeing manufacturers spam in my engineering newsletters
         | that point towards batteries that last 500,000 to maybe a
         | million miles. And I know that electric motors can go that far.
         | Potentially talking about cars that last 40-50 years.
         | 
         | You can imagine that makes the investor class unhappy, cause
         | maybe the number of cars sold will drop.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | ICE engines today can got 500k miles - most cars don't last
           | that long though because other things go first. My wife's car
           | runs great at 220k miles, but we want to replace it because
           | of all the little things that are broken - things that are
           | completely unrelated to the engine and would fail just as
           | likely on a EV.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | > Any engine built after 2010 will likely last half a million
         | miles or more as a feature of quality control and automation
         | alone.
         | 
         | The engine block and rotating assembly might. But all the crap
         | that is bolted on won't.
         | 
         | Several engines are known for having the turbocharger fail.
         | Which is now integrated in the exhaust manifold.
         | 
         | Timing components are junkier and junkier these days. And
         | somewhere in the 2000's, some of the manufacturers decided to
         | make complicated systems where cylinders deactivate to allow
         | for fuel savings, and those are all an unreliable mess.
        
           | alliao wrote:
           | can't get anything for free these days.. an emphasis on
           | efficiency seems to drive up efficiency to the point where
           | they're disposable after 5yrs
        
             | lttlrck wrote:
             | Save the environment with one hand and punch it in the face
             | with the other.
        
             | wing-_-nuts wrote:
             | Au contrare, the toyota hybrids are some of the most
             | reliable vehicles on the road. Don't blame fuel efficiency
             | for a lazy design from an automaker.
        
         | balderdash wrote:
         | I think you're right but I think (at least in my own
         | experience) that what gets people to buy a new(er) car is that
         | that people don't like driving cars that have broken things
         | (windows, switches, lights etc.) that make no sense to fix (say
         | $1500, to fix something non-essential on a car that's only
         | worth $10k)
        
           | neuralRiot wrote:
           | Then they go and pay $1500 a month for 6 years.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | No, they are paying $500/month for 6 years. The people who
             | buy new cars (or often lease) are getting rid of them after
             | 3 years - long before those small things are breaking.
             | Those cars go to used car buyers who drive them for 6-10
             | years, and they eventually decide $500/month is worth
             | getting something newer that doesn't have all those small
             | annoyances, while the car goes on to someone poor who will
             | live with anything that gets them around cheap.
        
           | UniverseHacker wrote:
           | That's definitely a case where being a little handy pays off-
           | most of the little things that break on an older car can be
           | fixed for free in a few minutes if you follow a youtube video
           | or forum instructions, but a shop has to charge a lot.
           | Usually it is a common problem, and there will be a known
           | "trick" that fixes it simply. A shop is not going to re-
           | solder a cracked relay or get a used plastic trim for $1 at a
           | junkyard, they're going to replace the entire system with new
           | parts from the manufacturer, at massive expense.
           | 
           | It's really important to have some "pride of ownership" in an
           | older car, and fix anything that isn't perfect immediately-
           | so they don't build up over time and make you feel like the
           | whole vehicle isn't nice to use or own anymore.
        
         | AdamN wrote:
         | Cars more than about 10-15 years old just aren't as safe as
         | newer ones. That's the fundamental issue. With that said there
         | are ways to mitigate the risk (drive more cautiously/slower,
         | etc...).
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | I doubt most people care much. Things like reliablity and
           | comfort are in the equation. The point comes up in these
           | discussions here but I'm pretty sure most people don't factor
           | more safety into trading in an otherwise functioning car.
        
           | Clubber wrote:
           | >Cars more than about 10-15 years old just aren't as safe as
           | newer ones.
           | 
           | Can you give some examples? The only safety innovation I can
           | think of recently the side airbags. The backup camera, which
           | is a huge improvement to backing up accidents was probably
           | over 15 years ago.
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | Side cameras, automatic braking, person avoidance, lane
             | keeping?
        
           | UniverseHacker wrote:
           | That's really only true if you consider within the same class
           | or model of car, where the technology has advanced... but old
           | cars are so affordable you can get a much higher end and much
           | safer car. Do you think a 2024 Chevy Trax is safer than a
           | 2012 Audi Q5? Both are compact SUVs but you can buy 3-4 nice
           | condition low mileage Q5s for the price of the Chevy.
           | 
           | Regardless of tech like changes in crumple zone design, you
           | also can't negate the safety benefits of substantially better
           | brakes, handling, driver comfort, and road visibility from a
           | better designed car made with higher end parts and materials.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Whatever you save on the upfront cost of a used Q5 you'll
             | pay on the backend the first time it needs service.
        
               | UniverseHacker wrote:
               | Maintenance on an older Audi is expensive compared to,
               | say, a Japanese economy car, but you're talking maybe
               | $1k/year to maintain on average, vs $500/mo payments for
               | the cheapest new car.
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | For the occupants, at least. They might be safer for
           | pedestrians, cyclists, other drivers, etc.
        
         | lasereyes136 wrote:
         | > just because insurance says its "totaled" doesn't mean it
         | isnt fixable and safe to drive.
         | 
         | "Totaled" to an insurance company means they think the cost of
         | repair at their contracted rates is more than the cost of
         | paying out the "value" of the car. It is a business assessment,
         | not an assessment of the vehicle.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | I've totalled two vehicles twice each.
        
           | ssl-3 wrote:
           | "Totaled" means whatever the laws in the insured's state say
           | it means.
        
         | WindyCityBrew wrote:
         | (USA specific) Depending on the state, "totaled" might still
         | mean YOU can't fix and drive your car again.
         | 
         | In Illinois, you can only retain a totaled vehicle if it was
         | hail damage or it's a "vintage (9+ yr old) car.
        
           | cinntaile wrote:
           | They're pushing similar laws through in the EU as well.
        
           | karma_pharmer wrote:
           | Totaled means the insurance company buys the car from you.
           | 
           | It's not your car anymore, so obviously you don't get to
           | drive it.
        
         | UniverseHacker wrote:
         | Older cars are massively undervalued in the USA because of
         | social norms, which is a massive opportunity to anyone willing
         | to exploit it to get reliable transportation for nearly free.
         | People are afraid that older cars are dangerous, unreliable, or
         | (worst of all) will make you look poor, but all 3 are just
         | misinformation.
         | 
         | Boats and airplanes are just as reliable when old as new
         | because they're maintained well- and cars are the same. If you
         | maintain an old car well, it doesn't really ever wear out, and
         | stays as reliable as a new car.
         | 
         | It's also massively cheaper to maintain an old car well then to
         | buy new ones even if you pay someone else to do it. People
         | complain when they get a $1000 repair bill every few years for
         | an older car so they will say "it's getting unreliable" and
         | then consider paying up to $1000 a month for a new one. There
         | is a middle ground where you pay maybe $1000-2000 every year to
         | stay on top of stuff, and it stays reliable indefinitely.
         | 
         | Moreover, an older high end car is just so much nicer than a
         | new car in the same price range. You can buy a well maintained
         | low mileage older but high end Porsche, Audi, etc. for well
         | under $10k on Craigslist these days and you'd have to be a car
         | nerd to know it's not a new model. Is it cheap to maintain
         | well? Not exactly, but it will be 1/10th the cost of a car
         | payment on a new low end economy car, and you're driving a high
         | end car. Plus, when you buy a 20 year old high end car and
         | maintain it well, it will appreciate rather than depreciate in
         | value. My daily driver is an older Porsche, and in 3 years of
         | driving it, it has probably appreciated in value enough to make
         | all of the maintenance, insurance, etc. free- basically a free
         | car if you don't count the space in my garage it uses to keep
         | it nice.
        
           | alliao wrote:
           | I think it's a lot to do with how it's designed too.. I kept
           | an old hatchback bmw made in 2000 and that thing already have
           | bit of plastic parts in the engine bay (coolant pipes no
           | less) which are just time bombs. parts and labour costs are
           | usually why people decided to go newer cars. good job on the
           | old porsche though, just don't get the one with starter motor
           | in the transmission case.. some of them are maintenance
           | nightmares
        
             | UniverseHacker wrote:
             | I'm not familiar with BMWs of that era, but other German
             | cars from that era, the plastic cooling system pipes will
             | likely last forever- they don't corrode or crack like metal
             | pipes would over time.
             | 
             | For really critical things like through hulls below the
             | waterline on boats, plastic pipes like glass filled nylon
             | (Marelon) are considered safer and more reliable than
             | metal, because they never corrode, and are much physically
             | stronger than a comparable weight metal part.
             | 
             | I grew up with 1970s European cars where every plastic or
             | rubber part would fail eventually, but by the 90s the
             | materials got much better.
        
           | rozap wrote:
           | > will make you look poor
           | 
           | I have an oldish (1997) exotic car as a toy. It cost less
           | upfront than a new Toyota Camry. At a car meet, I overheard
           | someone say to their friend "Man, if I had infinite money,
           | this is what I'd get". I definitely do not own a money
           | printing machine.
           | 
           | Maintenance is something else but I do the work myself so
           | it's not bad. And the fun thing about old low volume exotics
           | is that they are mostly parts bin cars. Tons of shared
           | components are easily available.
        
             | UniverseHacker wrote:
             | Same, I'm the "rich guy" picking up my son at school in an
             | old Porsche I got cheap on Craigslist and maintain myself,
             | despite the fact that its a school my kid was transferred
             | to in a wealthy neighborhood we can't afford to live in. It
             | cost me way way less than a newer economy car would.
             | 
             | It's funny the general reactions I get- young men try to
             | race me at stoplights, and strangers on the street will
             | often give me a defiant fist or middle finger, as if I
             | represent the wealthy exploitative class, in what is likely
             | the cheapest car that has driven by in half an hour.
             | 
             | I enjoy working on cars, so that helps make it cheap.
        
               | rozap wrote:
               | The street race invitations are funny. I get that a lot
               | in my Esprit and, apart from it being incredibly stupid
               | and dangerous, new cars are so absurdly fast in a
               | straight line that everyone knows who would win.
               | 
               | It was uncomfortable at first having people oogle over
               | the car and make assumptions, but the number of
               | conversations it has started with people genuinely
               | interested in it definitely outweighs the awkwardness.
        
               | UniverseHacker wrote:
               | I've always loved the Lotus Esprit- sounds like a really
               | fun car!
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | I got a lovely note left on my car for parking in a
               | handicap spot (with a tag!). The person assumed I was a
               | rich guy flaunting the rules. My little miata was so
               | proud of being called a "rich man's" car it practically
               | _pranced_ out of the parking lot.
               | 
               | People just assume that anything sporty looking is
               | ruinously expensive.
        
           | cityofdelusion wrote:
           | I love older cars, but they are significantly more dangerous.
           | My 93 pickup had no airbags and was notorious for the engine
           | intruding into the passenger compartment in collisions. My 91
           | sports car only has an air bag for the driver as a premium
           | option, and they are known to not deploy due to the ancient
           | explosives and electrical contacts. The A pillars on both
           | cars are tiny and will fold in any kind of hit or rollover,
           | plus both cars were designed for 55 mph max speeds, not the
           | 85+ that is common today. An accident on the freeway in
           | either would be a coin toss of survival.
        
             | UniverseHacker wrote:
             | It depends on how old and what you are comparing. In
             | another thread on here I suggested comparing a brand new
             | Chevy Trax to a 2012 Audi Q5- I think it's pretty safe to
             | say the Audi will be a much safer car for 1/4 the price.
             | 
             | If safety is important, someone with cheap new economy car
             | money can instead get into a high end vehicle well known
             | for its safety and quality, still for a lot less money.
             | 
             | Sure, if you are going to compare something over 30+ years
             | old, and from a manufacturer not known for safety or
             | quality in the first place, it will be a lot more
             | dangerous.
             | 
             | Still, even with old stuff it varies. Late 80s Mercedes and
             | Volvos, even base models, for example had most of the
             | modern safety tech that other cars didn't see for a very
             | long time.
             | 
             | Weight is also a huge factor- a big old truck with no
             | regard for safety in its design is still a lot safer than a
             | light economy car in a collision. Probably the safest cars
             | on the market are still the over-engineered 20 year old
             | full sized luxury SUVs that weigh as much as a 3/4 ton
             | truck and have tons of heavy offroad gadgets they don't put
             | on SUVs anymore.
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | There is no such thing as owning an "older car" here in the
           | midwest rust belt states. The frames corrode to orange dust
           | on _every_ car when they get to be between 10-12 years old.
           | You _do_ see cars older than that on the road, but that's
           | only because we don't have mandatory inspections in my state.
           | The only exceptions here are the "toys" that people buy for
           | summer use only. (Sports cars, vintage cars, etc.)
           | 
           | Once in a while I see repair videos on cars from mechanics in
           | Florida, Texas, Arizona, or Southern California. The car will
           | be 15 years old and everything underneath will look entirely
           | brand-new (minus some dust and scratches) compared to a
           | brand-new car here that has seen only a winter or two.
        
         | bityard wrote:
         | I live in the rust belt, where the average life expectancy of a
         | car is about 10 years. 12-15 if you _really_ baby it. Except
         | for one car that was totaled (got rear-ended by a texter), all
         | of the cars I no longer own succumbed to a rotted out frame.
         | Engines were fine, bodies were fine, interiors were fine.
         | 
         | But a frame. Can't really replace a frame. You can _sometimes_
         | repair it. You can buy some time by paying for an oil-based
         | undercoating every year, but finding someone who will do it
         | affordably _and_ do a good job is hard. (It's a messy, annoying
         | job.)
         | 
         | I sort of want congress to mandate stainless steel or aluminum
         | frames in all cars sold in the US, and I don't even care if it
         | makes the cars cost more. It won't happen via state laws
         | because the auto manufacturers are big campaign donors around
         | here.
        
       | snakeyjake wrote:
       | The increase in total loss designations by insurance companies is
       | due to the extremely high costs charged by the shops contracted
       | by them to do repairs.
       | 
       | The designation of a car as "totaled" is often an illusion and
       | there is a thriving parallel market of auction houses, repair
       | shops, salvage titling companies, and resellers who take the
       | "ruined" cars, fix them, and sell them on the used market.
       | 
       | Insurance companies could deal directly with the lower cost shops
       | but just like the Concur Travel cancer that is spreading across
       | corporate America there are extremely perverse incentives between
       | executives and boards to keep the system the way it is with all
       | of the major players dealing only with each other.
       | 
       | There is probably an auctioneer within 30 minutes of where you
       | are right now who will sell you a "total loss" car that you can
       | repair, or have repaired, for a minuscule fraction of what an
       | insurance contractor will charge-- often for less than the
       | insurance payout (to both you and the adjuster).
       | 
       | Like all things fucked in our economy, the trend of exorbitant
       | repair costs took off when private equity started buying up the
       | regional insurance repair contractor near-monopolies like Service
       | King (Carlyle Group) and Caliber Collision (Leonard Green).
        
         | neuralRiot wrote:
         | The catch is that most banks won't finance "rebuilt-titled"
         | cars, you don't have a dealer warranty (and most plainly refuse
         | to work on rebuilt cars) and the vehicle has a 50-60% (or less)
         | resale value than a "clean-title".
        
           | karma_pharmer wrote:
           | That's a feature not a bug.
           | 
           | It's selective definancialization, and I love it. Same reason
           | why buying tax foreclosures is such a great bargain: you
           | don't have to compete with bank-financed buyers!
        
           | snakeyjake wrote:
           | Deep down inside I know that is by design.
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | Huh. Well I happen to be shopping for a used care right now
           | and in my area at least, Craigslist and Facebook are
           | completely swamped with rebuilt title cars. And the vast
           | majority of them are priced the same as clear title cars.
        
         | alliao wrote:
         | PE will literally keep going till society start revolting
        
           | labster wrote:
           | Until they start rebelling, society is already revolting
        
         | twojacobtwo wrote:
         | I've seen this market in action. My dad had his car written off
         | years ago and he bought it back the day after he got his
         | payout. We just went to the yard where it was to be 'scrapped'
         | and paid about 1/4 of the payout total to take it home. The
         | only damage was to the side panels and bumper, so we replaced
         | those ourselves and he still had a fair chunk of money left
         | over.
         | 
         | The guy at the yard said any car without damage to the frame or
         | drive train is likely to be picked up by a used car shop or
         | private resellers who do the repairs themselves and flip them.
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | Actually, insurance companies are already _very_ aggressively
         | steering their customers into "lower-cost" shops, leading them
         | to believe they should accept subpar repairs in order to keep
         | costs down and profits up. In many cases they use non-OEM parts
         | to keep repair costs down.
         | 
         | I think the real reason they total a car at 60-70% is because
         | the cost is just an estimate. They don't want to keep sending
         | an estimator out to approve more $$ in repairs, costing
         | everyone time and money, and ultimately spending more than it
         | would cost to just buy out the customer -- who, in many cases,
         | might just like a big check to buy what they want, rather than
         | weeks fixing their 'old' car.
         | 
         | Insurance companies also like to drag their heels to punish you
         | for standing up for yourself and selecting a high-quality
         | bodyshop. In the case of a minor front-end accident for a car
         | in my household, they trickled the money out in bits and
         | pieces. Every time the shop countered the insurance company's
         | estimate, the insurance company would take 2 days to send an
         | adjustor out, trickle out a few more dollars, wash, rinse,
         | repeat. It's why I keep rental car coverage for our vehicles
         | even when we don't need it -- to hold the insurance company's
         | feet to the fire, so they feel the financial pain, too, when
         | they hold your car hostage for a month.
        
         | floxy wrote:
         | >Concur Travel cancer
         | 
         | Tell us more about this.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | I was told that the original Mini (Mr. Bean's car) was designed
       | to be fairly "disposable."
        
       | bloomingeek wrote:
       | Old timer here, back in the day (60s thru 80s) owners worked on
       | their cars to save money, this kept garage repair prices in check
       | because they knew we had another choice, ourselves. Today, I
       | still service my vehicles because I purchased the electronic
       | meters and testers that are required. (I realize not everyone
       | thinks they have the ability to service their car, YouTube is a
       | great source.
       | 
       | Maybe you don't want to get your hands dirty. While changing out
       | a turn signal light can be a pain, you can do it, thus saving a
       | lot of money. Accomplishing a difficult job is a very good
       | feeling. If you don't have the required tools, rent or borrow
       | them.
       | 
       | There are limitations, I tend to drive my vehicles to higher
       | mileage. I won't change out half-shafts anymore or automatic
       | window motors, as I have in the past many times. (I pay the
       | garage to do it now.) But this is due to age, not how difficult
       | the job is. Auto garages are opportunist, they'll charge whatever
       | the market can stand, just like the new car sales. Until we make
       | them change, they won't.
        
         | Clubber wrote:
         | YouTube is a great resource for instructional videos on how to
         | do stuff like that and fix things around the house. Lots of
         | things.
        
       | ajsnigrutin wrote:
       | Car part prices are a scam... on most cheap cars, a small crash,
       | broken bumper, lights and the radiator (+ all the sensors) means
       | the car is totalled, because just the parts cost more than a new
       | car. How the hell can a single headlight for a cheap car... so
       | just some plastic, not even LEDs yet, cost 800euros?
       | 
       | Sadly, until something (culture, new player on the market,
       | regulation....) changes, that car will be totalled and scrapped.
        
       | ianbicking wrote:
       | It feels like risk mitigation to me. With all the interconnected
       | aspects of a car the repair might be reasonably priced or might
       | not. If the insurance company just "pays for the repair" then
       | they've committed to either price, or even if they have a limit
       | then they might reach the limit and still need to replace the car
       | on top of it. Or the car might get repaired but have some issues,
       | and there's no good way to just say "this car isn't as good as
       | before the accident, but here's $1000 to make you whole".
       | 
       | Instead they declare the car totaled and recoup what they can on
       | the other end. If you want to actually _keep_ your totaled car
       | you'll have to pay for it, because it _does_ have value. I had a
       | car "totaled" when it was rear-ended, but it was still drivable
       | and I would have liked to keep it, do some minimal repairs, and
       | just accepted the wonky back end. But to keep it I would have
       | received something $3,000 less on a $10,000 car and it didn't
       | seem worth it.
       | 
       | I don't know if the car was chopped up and helped make other cars
       | whole, or vice versa. Some part of it ended up on a discount used
       | car lot. And that's probably fine. Cars are kind of fungible and
       | declaring a car "totaled" is just a way to take advantage of that
       | and seems like a legitimate efficient-market approach.
        
       | diebeforei485 wrote:
       | A lot of "totalled" cars end up in poorer countries, often sold
       | to buyers who are not made aware of its damage/accident history.
        
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