[HN Gopher] What's the difference between a motor and an engine?...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       What's the difference between a motor and an engine? (2013)
        
       Author : wizardforhire
       Score  : 117 points
       Date   : 2024-05-22 12:21 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (engineering.mit.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (engineering.mit.edu)
        
       | mikece wrote:
       | One thing that jumped out at me is that the word engine, in its
       | historic understanding, would apply quite well to the Rube
       | Goldberg drawings of overly complex contraptions to do various
       | tasks... which means it would also apply to most enterprise
       | architectures which are similarly overly complex.
        
         | rkagerer wrote:
         | Yeah, it doesn't look like the alternative definition
         | "instrument of torture, an apparatus for catching game, a net,
         | trap, or decoy" has lost utility just yet.
        
       | JohnFen wrote:
       | This was fascinating to me.
       | 
       | Also, I was apparently using my own personal definition of
       | "engine" that was somewhat different than the other modern usage.
       | 
       | To me, a "motor" is something that translates energy into motion.
       | An "engine" is something that translates energy into work. So a
       | motor is a kind of engine, and uses of "engine" in knowledge work
       | is an analogy.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Your engine definition is interesting as we have phrases like
         | database engine and other software based uses of the word.
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | I think, once you get past mechanics, the definitions are
           | going to diverge pretty quickly.
        
         | nemo44x wrote:
         | You used the word "translates" instead of "transforms" or
         | "transfers". Is there a particular reason for that?
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | No, not really. Just my particular linguistic oddity.
           | "Transform" is probably a better term.
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | Cool, thanks. Figured it was just a preference as I hadn't
             | really heard that before. Works though!
        
         | foolswisdom wrote:
         | That actually fits well with the origin of the words (as
         | described in the article). And it makes sense because engine is
         | sometimes used metaphorically (?) (as you note), while motor is
         | not.
        
         | LinAGKar wrote:
         | What would count as "work" under that definition (that's not
         | motion)?
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | Yeah, the distinction is a bit fuzzy. I can come up with some
           | examples, such as certain kinds of pumps that don't involve
           | moving parts.
           | 
           | But when I think of things I call "motors" and "engines", I
           | admit the distinction appears arbitrary (but clear
           | nonetheless in my mind). For instance, if there's a device
           | that moves things as a component of a larger machine, I'd
           | call that device a "motor", but am likely to call the larger
           | machine an "engine". And to go back to the pump, I'd call the
           | device that moves to push the liquid a "motor", not an
           | "engine", for no good reason.
           | 
           | As with much of English, this "rule" has enough exceptions as
           | to question whether or not it should be called a "rule".
           | 
           | I put "rule" is scare quotes because what I was originally
           | describing is decidedly not a rule at all, just a description
           | of how I tend to use those words.
        
         | msravi wrote:
         | My personal definition of "engine" had to have something
         | combustible inside it that caused motion. So fossil fueled cars
         | and buses and rockets had steam engines and internal combustion
         | engines and rocket engines, but electric cars like tesla have
         | motors!
        
           | hypertele-Xii wrote:
           | Steam isn't combustible? What about the Stirling engine,
           | powered by heat gradient and air?
        
             | jabl wrote:
             | Steam engines and Stirling engines are both examples of
             | "External Combustion Engines", whereas piston engines and
             | gas turbines are examples of "Internal Combustion Engines"
             | (ICE).
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | But you don't say "jet motor". I think it's probably like pork
         | vs pig. They are technically the same but the language has come
         | to use one vs the other in a different context (food vs
         | animal).
        
           | vlachen wrote:
           | I think that's just a matter of jargon. As an aircraft
           | mechanic, I heard and spoke the phrase "Pull the motor on
           | aircraft..." Many times. We used engine and motor
           | interchangebly on an engine thrust powered aircraft.
        
       | actionfromafar wrote:
       | Aren't there large areas of the anglophone world where "motor" =
       | _electric_ motor and  "engine" = something that burns fuel to
       | turn?
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | In my part of the US, anyway, gas car engines are usually
         | called "engines", but calling them "motors" is not that unusual
         | and wouldn't raise any eyebrows.
         | 
         | There are a few auto repair shops around here that even call
         | themselves "motorworks".
        
           | hunter2_ wrote:
           | Alongside motorworks there are countless others: motorcycle,
           | motorboat, motorway, motorhome, motel (hotel that you motor
           | to), motor oil, motor mounts, etc. etc.
        
             | geodel wrote:
             | And Car used to be called Motor Car for as long as I
             | remember in my country.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | > motel (hotel that you motor to)
             | 
             | When I was a child, I remember seeing some such
             | accommodations calling themselves "motor hotels" or "motor
             | lodges".
        
               | hunter2_ wrote:
               | "Motor inn" is still quite common.
        
             | fuzzfactor wrote:
             | Obviously named accordingly since vehicles like this all
             | contain an engine ;)
        
             | jabl wrote:
             | And then we have "motorhead", which, well, I'll let the
             | reader work out what it means if unclear. ;)
        
         | omoikane wrote:
         | It's common to find references to "rocket motors", so it isn't
         | always electric. Wikipedia now redirects "rocket motors" to
         | "rocket engines", but "motor" is still used throughout those
         | pages.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rocket_motor&redi...
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solid_rocket_moto...
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | From what I've seen the "rocket motor" motor was mostly due
           | to the packaging on the hobby rockets. Another example of how
           | a single company can make a huge impact not only on society,
           | but language itself.
        
         | kobalsky wrote:
         | for comparison, engine translates to motor in spanish, so both
         | words are the same.
         | 
         | engineer is translated as ingeniero, which originates from
         | ingenious and not engine.
        
           | gattilorenz wrote:
           | Engine itself comes from ingenium:
           | https://www.etymonline.com/word/engine
        
         | JR1427 wrote:
         | Yes, this is true in the UK (at least amongst people who know
         | the difference between an electric motor and an ICE)
        
           | martyvis wrote:
           | Ullo John. Gotta new motor?
           | https://youtu.be/7MqMZ6XqMfc?si=wwIVzKeDE7bdX2U2
        
             | JR1427 wrote:
             | Yes, a "motor" can also mean "car", but it does not mean
             | "internal combustion engine".
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | Yes, this was absolutely always my colloquial understanding.
         | 
         | I realize that there are traditional terms like a "motor car"
         | that has an engine.
         | 
         | But my ICE car has an engine, not a motor, because it burns
         | fuel.
         | 
         | While my coffee grinder has a motor, not an engine, because
         | it's electric.
         | 
         | I'm curious if there's anywhere in the anglophone world where
         | this is _not_ the common distinction.
         | 
         | (Even if there might be technical fields that have their own
         | different technical definitions.)
        
       | dylan604 wrote:
       | In modern day usage, I would never refer to an electric motor as
       | an electric engine or just engine, but I don't know why. Maybe
       | just because I have never heard nor seen it used referred to as
       | electric engine. So it just sounds/feels weird to say/type it.
       | That is the opposite from definitely referring to an ICE as a
       | motor.
       | 
       | English is just weird.
        
         | ozim wrote:
         | It is weird if you look from top down view like organized
         | "Queens English".
         | 
         | Truth is people just made stuff -bottom up- if some phrase was
         | used it just spread out or not.
         | 
         | It is that even rather close neighbors might use different
         | names or phrases for the same thing or same names for different
         | things.
         | 
         | Even if at school you learn a generic version.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | > Even if at school you learn a generic version.
           | 
           | On a slight tangent, I took 3 years of Spanish in school in
           | Texas where they taught Castilian Spanish instead of Mexican
           | Spanish. You know how often I speak to Castilian Spanish
           | people vs Mexican Spanish people...in Texas?
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Similar problem in Canada where Parisian French is often
             | taught in English Canadian schools rather than Quebecois.
        
               | willsmith72 wrote:
               | i dunno, when i hear french teachers at english schools
               | in bc, that accent is far from parisian
        
               | fatnoah wrote:
               | As the resident of a northeastern US state, relatives on
               | one side of my family grew up speaking French, so
               | naturally I took French in high school. I was embarrassed
               | when I still couldn't speak French with the family and
               | had to resort to English when visiting Montreal.
               | 
               | I was, however, vindicated later in life when I visited
               | France and was able to get by without English.
        
               | devilbunny wrote:
               | AIUI the Quebecois _understand_ Metropolitan French (from
               | movies, literature, etc.), it 's just not what they
               | actually speak. Canadian and Cajun French, again AIUI,
               | are mostly derivative from Norman and Breton, which were
               | never really the same as Parisian, and the emigrants who
               | defined the language left before the French state was
               | able to force Parisian language onto everyone in the
               | country. It's not as far removed as, say, Provencal
               | (which is in some respects closer to Catalan), but
               | definitely not the same as Parisian, and they've had
               | centuries of isolation from the developments in the
               | mother country, during which they've been exposed to a
               | torrent of English (and American English at that; don't @
               | me, Canadians, we speak the same English and it's
               | distinctly not British, ANZ, or Indian, even if we spell
               | and pronounce a few things differently).
        
               | fatnoah wrote:
               | That's a great breakdown. To my ears, one of the big
               | differences in Canadian vs. Metropolitan French is that
               | the former is very much in the throat, while the latter
               | is in the nose.
               | 
               | Standing in line for currency exchange in Montreal behind
               | a French couple almost broke my brain as I tried to
               | listen into their conversation with the worker.
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | A lot of people in RGV are directly Castilian descended as
             | they will insist on telling you.
        
           | AmericanChopper wrote:
           | That's why I personally don't like ideas like "queens
           | English", ect... language is defined by the way people use
           | it. Some sort of authority attempting to police it's correct
           | usage has always just seemed like gate keeping to me.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I think the horse left the barn a long time ago with the
             | concept of gatekeeping English. Now, it's just a label of a
             | dialect. Queen's English vs Newfie vs Geordie vs American
             | Mid-Atlantic vs Southern vs Bostonian vs vs vs
        
               | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
               | In Geordie you don't tend to have completely different
               | words though, save for a few colloquialisms borrowed from
               | old Scandinavian languages. It's not as far removed from
               | actual English as, say, a Pidgin.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | but maybe there are some gates are meant to be kept.
             | language evolves, sure, but I literally can't use literally
             | to mean literally anymore because it's sloppily become to
             | also mean figuratively. in this day and age, bureaucracy
             | doesn't have to be glacially slow, and new words could be
             | proposed and officially adopted, if (wait hang on there
             | couldn't possibly be a problem with my plan) people would
             | follow the rules set down by a committee.
             | 
             | Thing is, we have such committees for English, and they say
             | Internet should not be capitalized and I say it should,
             | just like Earth or Sun, there's only one.
        
               | AmericanChopper wrote:
               | The thing about language is it's basically the world's
               | most pure democracy. Communities, cultures, ect... each
               | decide for themselves how they're going to use it.
               | Individuals or organisations can attempt to establish
               | themselves as an authority on how it should be used, by
               | forming committees or writing dictionaries, but the only
               | people who care what they have to say are their own
               | respective community of aligned interests. Everybody else
               | ignores them. I would say if you want your dictionary to
               | be actually useful, then it should attempt describe the
               | way words are actually used, rather than attempt to
               | dictate their permissible use.
               | 
               | I think English is a language that lends itself to this
               | rigid approach a bit more than some other languages,
               | because of how common it is for English as a first
               | language speakers to only speak English. Where I live
               | there are a lot more languages, basically everybody is
               | multilingual, and the level of slang, language mixing and
               | other general bastardisation would probably make a lot of
               | English speakers cringe...
        
               | NegativeK wrote:
               | Literally has been used to mean figuratively since the
               | 1800s.
               | 
               | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/literally
               | 
               | 'The "in effect; virtually" meaning of literally is not
               | new. It has been in regular use since the 18th century
               | and may be found in the writings of some of the most
               | highly regarded writers of the 19th and early 20th
               | centuries, including Charles Dickens, Mark Twain,
               | Charlotte Bronte, and James Joyce.'
        
             | ruraljuror wrote:
             | Check out dfw's Tense Present for a discussion of these
             | opposing schools, prescriptvist vs descriptivist:
             | 
             | https://harpers.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/HarpersMagazine-2001-...
        
             | nayuki wrote:
             | > Some sort of authority attempting to police it's correct
             | usage has always just seemed like gate keeping to me.
             | 
             | This is the norm for many languages. For example, French is
             | prescribed by
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Fran%C3%A7aise
             | , and they like to coin new terms and discourage popularly
             | used terms.
             | 
             | But not English! It is the true global language with
             | distributed decision-making.
        
               | AmericanChopper wrote:
               | > This is the norm for many languages. For example,
               | French is prescribed by...
               | 
               | Prescribed to who? Is it typical for French speakers to
               | consult Academie Francaise before using slang, or
               | inventing a portmanteau, or using other colloquialisms? I
               | doubt many French people care much about the opinions of
               | Academie Francaise, unless they're actually trying to
               | enforce the authority they believe themselves to have in
               | some way.
               | 
               | The authority these institutions claim to have is almost
               | always based on the same set of delusions. Some people
               | care about this sort of formalism and will hold them in
               | high esteem. Most people won't care about their work, or
               | will (I would say rightfully) see an institution like
               | this as attempting to usurp authority over their
               | language. Because a language doesn't belong to any
               | institution, it belongs to the speakers of that language,
               | who are free to (and typically do) use it in whatever way
               | they feel conveys what they're trying to communicate.
               | 
               | The only time I've ever seen a language authority being
               | widely valued by its community of speakers is where use
               | of the language itself becomes a political issue, like
               | when a mostly dead language is being revived, or when one
               | camp strongly values the use of a language as part of
               | their identity because some opposing camp has a different
               | language.
        
           | echaozh wrote:
           | Why not "Kings English" now, as the Queen, well, is gone?
        
         | segfaultbuserr wrote:
         | If you're not confused enough, here's another exercise: try
         | distinguishing _generator_ , _dynamo_ and _alternator_.
        
           | altruios wrote:
           | DC from fuel | DC from mechanical motion | AC from mechanical
           | motion... yes?
           | 
           | Not enough dynamos: build more dynamos.
        
             | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
             | Nope, because power plants have generators that output AC
             | (pretty much always 3-phase). Not to mention every
             | generator you can buy in a hardware store has AC output
             | (usually single-phase).
             | 
             | A generator is a device that converts mechanical power into
             | electric power. A dynamo is a generator that uses a
             | commutator to produce pulsed DC. An alternator is a
             | generator that produces AC (which may later be rectified &
             | filtered to DC). The term "alternator" is usually
             | restricted to small generators used in automotive
             | applications, larger AC generators such as those in power
             | plants get described more precisely, e.g. induction
             | generators or self-excitation generators. There are some
             | other less-common generator types, such as homopolar
             | generators that output continuous DC.
        
               | drewzero1 wrote:
               | Interesting, in cars the terms "generator" and
               | "alternator" are used to refer to a DC device (dynamo?)
               | and an AC device, respectively. Cars used DC generators
               | for their electricity until the 60s/early 70s (depending
               | on make/model) when they started using an AC alternator
               | with a rectifier to make a constant 14VDC.
        
         | karmakaze wrote:
         | We have game engines but no software motors. We do have
         | generators though.
         | 
         | Seems like motors are smaller (or maybe less complex) than
         | engines.
         | 
         | Engines came from steam motors too. Here's a distinction:
         | 
         | Is a steam engine a motor?
         | 
         | A steam motor is a form of steam engine used for light
         | locomotives and light self-propelled motor cars used on
         | railways. The origins of steam motor cars for railways go back
         | to at least the 1850s, if not earlier, as experimental
         | economizations for railways or railroads with marginal budgets.
        
       | tofof wrote:
       | My uncle worked at Estes, the hobby rocket company, for many
       | years. He was always a stickler about calling the black powder
       | propellant sources "motors" and indeed older motors are labeled
       | such. [1] He insisted they were not engines as they had no moving
       | parts and would always correct me when I said "rocket engine." He
       | eventually explained that rocket engines exist, but they are
       | engines with valves and pumps and use liquid fuel (e.g. the
       | Saturn V's F-1 engines), while solid rockets (e.g. Estes'
       | products, or the shuttle's SRBs) are simply motors since they
       | merely consist of burning propellant and a nozzle. Indeed the
       | wiki pages for the F-1 and the SRB are consistent in calling the
       | former engine and the latter motor.
       | 
       | However, at some point since he retired, Estes transitioned to
       | calling them Engine/Motors [2], and now, the primary labelling
       | Estes uses calls them Engines, though Engine/Motor is still
       | printed on the cardboard casing itself. [3]
       | 
       | Interestingly, the Spanish, French and German on the motors still
       | use motor, as Motor, Moteur-Fusee and Raketenmotor, respectively.
       | 
       | Because of that upbringing, I have since treated the words to
       | mean that a motor is something that provides force of motion
       | (thrust or rotation) - it may or may not also be an engine, as in
       | the rocketry examples. An engine is a contraption with
       | moving/interacting parts that uses energy to accomplish some goal
       | - that goal may (F-1, car engine) or may not (cotton gin, search
       | engine) be the propulsion of the contraption itself and what it's
       | attached to.
       | 
       | That said, as a child I made no such distinction, hence the
       | frequent corrections. I am happy to recognize that in common
       | vernacular they are usually synonymous, though it would still
       | sound strange, I think, to call something a 'search motor' (edit:
       | however, see comment by yau8edq12i !) or a 'graphics motor' just
       | as it would be jarring to encounter 'servoengine'.
       | 
       | 1:
       | https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi...
       | 
       | 2:
       | https://www.apogeerockets.com/bmz_cache/f/f8ecac9604d017a5c7...
       | 
       | 3: https://estesrockets.com/products/b6-4-engines
        
         | cenamus wrote:
         | As for German, there isn't really an equivalent for engine,
         | even combustion engines are called (Verbrennungs)Motor.
        
           | Trellmor wrote:
           | Rocket and jet engines are sometimes called Raketentriebwerk
           | and Turbinentriebwerk respectively.
        
             | chopin wrote:
             | But this has the meaning of something providing propulsion.
        
         | pmayrgundter wrote:
         | A friend who studied engineering at MIT made a similar
         | distinction, and it's where I expected the article to go, being
         | hosted there.
         | 
         | The notion was that the development of engines, as opposed to
         | simpler motors and mechanical systems, had required a net set
         | of skills that led to a recognizably different discipline. More
         | systematic, more concerned with dynamics and feedbacks, cross-
         | disciplinary to materials and machining techniques, more data
         | driven, more advanced mathematic and analytic techniques in
         | support of these. The sense was simpler mechanical systems were
         | more linear and engines were highly non-linear, and required a
         | different mindset to approach.
         | 
         | I like the distinction and appreciate the different terms.
        
         | starspangled wrote:
         | Electric motors have moving parts and at least where I am
         | nobody would call one an electric engine.
         | 
         | Automobiles generally have engines, but motor isn't uncommon
         | for (internal combustion) engines there either. Motor car is
         | something I remember my grandfather saying although I guess
         | that's not really used anymore, but motorbike certainly is. So
         | is motorsports. "Blown motor" is a pretty common phrase for an
         | IC engine that has stopped working due to damage.
         | 
         | Engine has some exclusive cases where motor does not
         | substitute. Jet engine and steam engine come to mind.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Depends on what you consider part of the motor. Linear
           | electric motors directly apply force to something else like a
           | train car without themselves having moving parts.
        
           | southernplaces7 wrote:
           | >Electric motors have moving parts and at least where I am
           | nobody would call one an electric engine.
           | 
           | Second this. In photography, the little electric drive motors
           | inside camera lenses are never called engines, though they
           | definitely do have small moving parts.
        
         | checkyoursudo wrote:
         | Out of curiosity, what do you think your uncle would have said
         | that the magazine _Motor Trend_ (first published 1949 according
         | to wikipedia) is about, or what types of vehicles use a
         | motorway, or what the going concern of the Ford Motor Company
         | is?
         | 
         | Or was it more one-directional, such that engines can be called
         | motors but motors should not be called engines?
        
         | b33j0r wrote:
         | It also has to do with the "heat engine," and particularly the
         | Stirling engine, and the related carnot cycle. An engine
         | transforms heat to extract work.
         | 
         | A rocket motor has the expansion part of a heat engine in an
         | obvious way. An electric motor produces motion, but isn't an
         | engine.
        
         | themoonisachees wrote:
         | French uses "Moteur" because it doesn't have a word for
         | "engine". The closest is "engin", but that means "contraption"
         | and generally applies to the entire class of "large mechanical
         | devices that move".
         | 
         | Both Motor and Engine are generally translated into french as
         | "Moteur"
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | Same in all latin languages I think. One word for both motor
           | and engine. In spite of having a word for 'engineer'.
        
           | metadat wrote:
           | Interesting, I was surprised to learn this fact from you!
           | 
           |  _" engineer"_ in French is _ingenieure_ (feminine) and
           | _ingenieur_ (masculine).
           | 
           | And putting _" ingen"_ into google translate returns..
           | _engineer_.
           | 
           | Edit: @euroderf: Lol
        
             | euroderf wrote:
             | So how do these relate to ingenue ?
        
       | yau8edq12i wrote:
       | Fun fact: the French word _engin_ still retains its original
       | meaning of contrivance, contraption. But we still translate
       | "search engine," which refers to this archaic English meaning, as
       | _moteur de recherche_ ( "search motor").
        
         | fvdessen wrote:
         | "engin de recherche" could have worked as well, but "engin"
         | also has a taken negative connotation of something that doesn't
         | work well
        
       | Suppafly wrote:
       | Pretending that they are anything but synonyms now is ridiculous
       | and I'm glad the article pointed out that they are used that way
       | instead of pretending that the older definitions still have merit
       | like so many prescriptionist folks do.
        
         | czl wrote:
         | Motors primarily convert electrical energy (or fluid/air
         | pressure in the case of hydraulic/pneumatic motors) into
         | mechanical motion.
         | 
         | Engines primarily convert chemical or thermal energy into
         | mechanical power. The term is also applied metaphorically to a
         | central component that drives a process or system.
         | 
         | > Pretending that they are anything but synonyms now is
         | ridiculous and I'm glad the article pointed out that they are
         | used that way instead of pretending that the older definitions
         | still have merit like so many prescriptionist folks do.
         | 
         | So you are ok with having your opinion about this recorded in
         | online forum's database motors and easily discovered by users
         | of Google's search motor?
        
           | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
           | Rocket motors don't convert electrical energy into anything.
           | Motorways are ways (roads) for automobiles, most of which
           | which use petroleum products for their power. Motorcycles use
           | gasoline to produce their mechanical motion.
           | 
           | I view "motor" as a subtype of "engine". An engine drives a
           | process or system, either literally (producing power from
           | some fuel or other energy source) or figuratively (as in
           | Google's search engine). A motor is a type of engine that
           | changes the momentum of some object.
        
             | mhink wrote:
             | While I think I agree with your definition of "engine", I'm
             | not sure I agree with the idea of "motor" being a subtype
             | of "engine".
             | 
             | To me, a "motor" is a specific part of a system's
             | powertrain: it's the part which converts some other type of
             | energy into kinetic energy for the purposes of moving the
             | system. On the other hand, an "engine" is a self-contained
             | system that establishes some kind of stable feedback cycle
             | to perform a task.
             | 
             | With that in mind, a car's internal combustion engine _is_
             | the motor of the car, since that 's the place where
             | chemical energy becomes kinetic energy, which results in
             | motion after being transferred through the drivetrain.
             | 
             | If you take the same exact engine out of the car, mount it
             | in some fixed position, and rig it up to generate
             | electricity, I wouldn't technically call it a "motor"
             | anymore, because it's not acting to move the system it's a
             | part of. (That being said, I probably wouldn't split hairs
             | here, since the engine was originally designed to _be_ a
             | motor. But you see my point.)
             | 
             | Importantly, this lets us fit diesel trains into our
             | definition: they use diesel engines to generate
             | electricity, but electric motors to actually make the train
             | move. In an old steam-driven train,
             | 
             | It also addresses the question of what to call the part of
             | a model rocket that makes it go up. It's the part of the
             | rocket's powertrain which converts chemical energy into
             | kinetic energy that moves the system. It's a *motor*.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | So, with all that said, an interesting point is that the
             | terms "motor engine" and "engine motor" both make sense,
             | but don't mean the same thing. "Motor engine" describes an
             | engine designed to perform the role of motor (as opposed to
             | a "generator engine"), whereas "engine motor" describes a
             | specific kind of motor (as opposed to a "chemical motor").
        
             | arghwhat wrote:
             | If you use the expanded definition of engine (e.g., "search
             | engine", where "engine" is mostly used as a synonym of
             | "machine"), then neither is a subtype of the other - they
             | just overlap occasionally.
             | 
             | However, all engines producing motion would also be
             | considered motors (what is under the hood of a classical
             | ICE car is both an engine and a motor, and is _just_ a
             | motor in other Germanic languages), and most motors
             | producing motors would not be referred to as engines (an EV
             | does not have  "electric engines").
             | 
             | So for the types of devices where you are likely going to
             | have the discussion - things makings stuff move - motor is
             | the supertype and engine is the subtype.
        
           | Suppafly wrote:
           | >So you are ok with having your opinion about this recorded
           | in online forum's database motors and easily discovered by
           | users of Google's search motor?
           | 
           | Yes, assuming you're OK with your foolishness being recorded
           | the same way.
        
           | arghwhat wrote:
           | > Motors primarily convert electrical energy (or fluid/air
           | pressure in the case of hydraulic/pneumatic motors) into
           | mechanical motion.
           | 
           | Just like you call it a "hydraulic motor" in the parenthesis,
           | the former is an "electric motor" (or rather, "inductance
           | motor", "reluctance motor", etc.).
           | 
           | The term "motor" is used for any conversion into mechanical
           | power. Molecular motors and motor proteins are such examples
           | of entirely chemical motors, albeit at quite small scales.
           | 
           | (The distinction also appears unique to English, as Germanic
           | languages generally just have "motor".)
        
         | johnwalkr wrote:
         | Me too, especially for engineering, where you often work with
         | people with different locations and backgrounds, and very often
         | work/document in English even in non-English speaking
         | countries. Depending on your native language, you might tend to
         | use one or the other word and it shouldn't matter.
        
         | arghwhat wrote:
         | ... engine and motor has never been synonymous. The phrase
         | "electric engine" should cause physical discomfort to anyone
         | hearing it.
         | 
         | But feel free to call it all a motor - that's a clean superset
         | of all the things an average person would use either term
         | for[0], and most languages don't even have the "engine" term
         | anyway, indeed using motor for the whole lot.
         | 
         | [1]: For other uses like "train engine", there are more
         | distinct alternatives such as "locomotive".
        
       | mp05 wrote:
       | >> Today, the words are virtually synonymous.
       | 
       | Ehhh that's a stretch, unless we're talking Real Housewives type
       | of "lay people".
       | 
       | As I understand it (within an engineering context), a "motor"
       | converts electrical energy to mechanical energy, and an "engine"
       | takes thermal/chemical/some other form of mechanical energy and
       | outputs mechanical energy. But it's confusing because I've
       | changed the "motor" in my old Honda when I was a teenager. So
       | while I agree there is some nuance and blurry lines, not sure the
       | two words are quite "interchangeable".
        
         | CamperBob2 wrote:
         | It seems reasonable to say that a motor is something that moves
         | something else, while an engine is also something that moves
         | something else but uses internal moving parts of its own. We
         | can just leave it at that. All engines that involve physical
         | motion are motors, but not all motors are engines.
         | 
         | That seems better than making arbitrary distinctions regarding
         | which type of input energy is being transformed into which
         | output type. It would also be compatible with the OED
         | definition mentioned in the article, as well as terminology
         | used in rocketry.
        
           | johnwalkr wrote:
           | I agree with this but I also wouldn't blink if someone used
           | one or the other term unless there was a specific context
           | where it was important.
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | Yep, pretty pointless hill to die on.
        
               | fuzzfactor wrote:
               | Wouldn't want to anger a mean biker who was a member of a
               | violent enginecycle gang ;)
        
           | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
           | Disagree that not all motors are engines, I'd say motor is a
           | subset of engine. An engine drives a process or system,
           | either literally (producing power from some fuel or other
           | energy source) or figuratively (as in Google's search
           | engine). A motor is a type of engine that changes the
           | momentum of some object.
           | 
           | This fits every definition I can think of.
        
       | inetknght wrote:
       | The way I see it:
       | 
       | A motor produces _locomotion_. It makes other things move.
       | 
       | An engine produces _power_. Locomotion can be derived from power
       | but isn 't required to.
       | 
       | A train locomotive might be referred to as a "locomotive engine".
       | 
       | A car with an internal combustion engine moves from power
       | generated by that engine. But a car with electric motors does not
       | have an engine because power is not produced there. Power is
       | produced elsewhere and then stored in the battery. Locomotion is
       | produced by consuming the stored power.
       | 
       | Of course, that's just my interpretation of the two words without
       | referring to a dictionary.
        
         | saalweachter wrote:
         | A tractor was originally a "traction engine", to distinguish it
         | from the steam engines you would haul around with horses to
         | power equipment.
        
           | czl wrote:
           | Go further back and there were machines called "siege
           | engines".
        
             | jessekv wrote:
             | also, fire engines
        
         | upwardbound wrote:
         | > An engine produces power. Locomotion can be derived from
         | power but isn't required to.
         | 
         | By this definition, is a fuel cell an engine?
         | 
         | https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/fuel-
         | cells#:~:text=A%2....
        
           | LinAGKar wrote:
           | Or even just a barrel of fuel that's lit on fire to produce
           | thermal energy
        
           | inetknght wrote:
           | Perhaps! But I think by the time you're asking these kinds of
           | questions you're then also dealing with one of the many
           | reasons definitions can become nuanced as technology moves
           | on.
        
         | LinAGKar wrote:
         | And with an ICE, power is produced elsewhere and stored in the
         | fuel tank.
        
         | arantius wrote:
         | I used to think along these lines. But in actuality, not so
         | much. By this definition they're the same thing. An electric
         | motor converts electric energy into kinetic energy. A gasoline
         | engine converts chemical energy to kinetic energy (and even
         | more waste heat than the electric motor). (Neither of them
         | _produces_ power, this is of course impossible. Unless you 're
         | subtly using a very specific technical meaning of the word?)
         | This input/output difference is a minor distinction.
         | 
         | Or in other words: the power that a gasoline engine uses wasn't
         | produced in the engine, it was produced by geological and
         | chemical means, and in a giant refinery somewhere else.
        
       | 8372049 wrote:
       | In my language, everything is a motor and the "engine" root is
       | only used in engineer.
        
       | panzi wrote:
       | My native language is German. We only have the word Motor.
       | Thought engine is just the 1:1 translation of it, but apparently
       | not.
        
         | ajuc wrote:
         | Same in Polish. "Silnik" is both motor and engine. You add
         | second word to specify the kind (electric, combustion,
         | stirling, steam, ...).
        
           | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
           | I think _silnik_ translates most directly to _powerplant_ in
           | English, given that the root word is _sila_.
        
             | amszmidt wrote:
             | Power plant would be elektrownia. The suffix -nik is a
             | common one that one can append to almost any noun to
             | indicate that something or someone doing something, e.g.
             | robot, robotnik (worker). So silnik translates to
             | motor/engine, not powerplant.
        
               | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
               | In English, you can use the word _powerplant_ in a more
               | abstract sense, _e.g._ , to refer to the engine or motor
               | of a car. It doesn't only specifically mean the large
               | industrial building which generates electricity, as I
               | believe elektrownia does.
               | 
               | I think your note about the -nik suffix is congruent with
               | my point. A silnik is a thing that is doing/making sila.
               | 
               | To clarify, I'm perfectly aware that if I tell someone in
               | Poland that I have a problem with my silnik, I'm
               | referring to the engine in my vehicle. But in this
               | discussion here, I'm talking about the most _direct_
               | translation.
        
               | amszmidt wrote:
               | As someone fluent in both English and Polish (being my
               | native language), I cannot see how silnik and a fixed
               | place where power is generated, specifically connected to
               | a network where that power is put out (i.e. powerplant)
               | have anything in common.
               | 
               | The only direct translation of the word is really just
               | engine/motor, one can often use the word motor to mean
               | silnik as well.
        
               | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
               | English is my native language, and I'm confident that
               | _powerplant_ can indeed be used in the more abstract
               | sense as I wrote in my previous comment.
               | 
               | This can be evidenced[0], for example, in motorsport
               | journalism.
               | 
               | > For more than a quarter of a century, Cosworth's DFV
               | (and it's variants) was the off-the-peg powerplant of
               | choice for independent F1 teams
               | 
               | Or of course, in the dictionary[1].
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article/the-best-
               | engine-p...
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.merriam-
               | webster.com/dictionary/power%20plant
        
               | amszmidt wrote:
               | That seems more like a typo than anything, in Formula
               | jargon the engine is called a "power unit" not plant, not
               | to mention that that a plant is generally a place of
               | industry and not a object (e.g., nuclear plant ...).
               | 
               | In either case, calling a "silnik" a "powerplant" is a
               | very large stretch, where as a "powerunit" would be a
               | more accurate translation since it has the same meaning
               | as a engine/motor.
        
               | amszmidt wrote:
               | The word "silownia" could be directly translated to power
               | plant though, -ownia is being a suffix for places /
               | plants.
        
               | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
               | > That seems more like a typo than anything
               | 
               | I assure you it isn't.
               | 
               | > To increase the agility, steering response, handling
               | and starting performance of the Macan T, Porsche uses a
               | particularly light powerplant
               | 
               | https://media.porsche.com/mediakit/macan/en/the-new-
               | macan/ma...
               | 
               | > Porsche has developed a hydrogen powerplant prototype
               | that can be installed in luxury sports cars and perform
               | as well as a 4.4-liter, eight-cylinder petrol engine
               | 
               | https://www.ryzehydrogen.com/2023/03/07/5172/
               | 
               | > Of course, removing the roof completely on a car
               | boasting such a supreme powerplant presents its own set
               | of unique aerodynamic challenges
               | 
               | https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/the-
               | ferrari-...
               | 
               | > The Mercedes-AMG GLC 63 S E Performance allies a hefty
               | 671bhp powerplant to a 2,310kg body
               | 
               | https://www.topgear.com/car-reviews/mercedes-benz/glc-
               | amg-es...
        
               | amszmidt wrote:
               | I don't see how quoting random articles proves either or,
               | specially when it comes to specific jargon in a sport or
               | even the original topic here wrt. engine vs. motor.
               | 
               | > This article gives an outline of Formula One engines,
               | also called Formula One power units since the hybrid era
               | starting in 2014. Since its inception in 1947, Formula
               | One has used a variety of engine regulations. Formulae
               | limiting engine capacity had been used in Grand Prix
               | racing on a regular basis since after World War I. The
               | engine formulae are divided according to era.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_One_engines
               | 
               | You are also not really addressing the original point you
               | where making that "powerplant" is a "direct translation"
               | of the word "silnik".
        
               | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
               | Quoting random articles should prove the point that the
               | author of that page on the F1 website did not in fact
               | make a typo, as you suggested. The word _powerplant_ is
               | used -- fairly commonly, both written and spoken -- in
               | motoring journalism in place of the word engine or motor.
               | 
               | I don't find your arguments convincing, for the logical
               | holes I've spotted. I don't think you find my arguments
               | convincing either, so I guess we'll leave it at that.
        
         | froh wrote:
         | "die Maschine ist im Eimer" is something "old" people like
         | myself would happily say about the, well, engine of a car that
         | broke. Maschinenschaden. broken engine.
         | 
         | greetings from Nurnberg, Mittelfranken...
        
           | panzi wrote:
           | Yeah, but Maschine is machine. Or at least I thought so.
        
             | froh wrote:
             | yup that's also tempting
             | 
             | Dampfmaschine = steam engine
             | 
             | which unless specified otherwise boils down to
             | locomotive...
             | 
             | the two languages are so similar yet different. what amazed
             | me the most was that in English speaking countries they
             | learn beautiful English words, famose worte of sorts.
        
         | BlindEyeHalo wrote:
         | > We only have the word Motor
         | 
         | I disagree, depending on the context you also use "Maschine"
         | and "Triebwerk" in instances where english would use engine.
         | 
         | For example you would not translate "jet engine" to
         | "Dusenmotor" but instead "Dusentriebwerk" and "steam engine" is
         | translated to "Dampfmaschine"
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | In my usage, Engine is generally something that consumes gasoline
       | (sometimes Diesel) and generate rotational power and lots of
       | exhaust gas and heat.
       | 
       | I _almost_ always use the term motor for an electromechanical
       | machine that turns electrical into mechanical power.
       | 
       | Like all words, there's ambiguity to it.
        
         | garyfirestorm wrote:
         | Same here. Maybe it's how I grew up. Gas engine Electric motor
         | Never understood why people used the word motor to describe the
         | engine.
        
           | 0x0203 wrote:
           | Similar for me, except that I always saw engine as specific
           | type of motor. Hence "motorsports" was perfectly normal for
           | gas burning vehicular racing.
        
           | unwind wrote:
           | So, uh, Harley Davidson is a well-known brand of noisy engine
           | cycles to you, then?
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | This is how I use it as well. It is a convenient way to encode
         | a hint about the power source into the base word. A slight
         | refinement of the language and a good example of how languages
         | evolve over time to better suit the era they are in.
        
       | 0x0203 wrote:
       | > "Engine" is from the Latin ingenium: character, mental powers,
       | talent, intellect, or cleverness.
       | 
       | And thus we get a common root for the words engine and genius.
       | Fascinating.
        
         | DDayMace wrote:
         | In French and German the word for engineer is "Ingenieur"
        
           | lkuty wrote:
           | ingenieur (with the accent) in french
        
       | smitty1e wrote:
       | If asked to craft a definition, I would offer that motors are
       | electrical and use magnetism to induce rotation on an armature.
       | 
       | Engines are chemically driven and use some flavor of combination
       | to rotate a shaft.
        
       | coffeedan wrote:
       | Is a bicycle an engine (or a motor)? It is a machine with moving
       | parts that converts power into motion.
        
       | leecarraher wrote:
       | Was the article written by an llm difference engine? In that it
       | failed at discussing the differences of the two and really just
       | regurgitated the etymologies and ancient definitions of the two
       | terms with no insight about modern usages. My quick difference as
       | a matter of opinion only is that engine is related to carnot some
       | heat cycle creates enables work that can be turned into
       | locomotion. Motor is a superset, and is some system, process or
       | machine that turns potential energy into kinetic energy. That is
       | my opinion, of which i am open to, in fact very interested in
       | reading others. Unfortunately this was not that article, instead
       | you get a brief history lessons on words, with the thesis that
       | some word's meanings change over time (allow me to pick my jaw
       | off the floor) and don't worry about delineating the two terms
       | because they pretty much mean the same thing. Not what i was
       | expecting from mit engineering.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | It's from 2013 so I guess this essay-ish style of writing is
         | one of the _sources_ present day LLMs have been trained on.
        
       | leymed wrote:
       | My understanding engine is a device governed by laws of
       | thermodynamics, whereas motor is based on electrodynamics.
       | 
       | Always thought calling car engine a motor is incorrect, shouldn't
       | be used interchangeably. In my experience machinery would be
       | common name for both in engineering terms, not daily usage.
        
       | ClumsyPilot wrote:
       | Engine converts lower form of energy, like heat, into higher form
       | of energy, like kinetic, at a loss. It's shifting up
       | 
       | Motor converts equivalent forms of energy, or down, at very high
       | efficiency. Electric to kinetic
        
       | dpifke wrote:
       | A related bit of terminology I recently picked up[0] is "electric
       | motor" vs. "electric machine", with the latter being preferred
       | when the machine can function as either a motor or a generator
       | (as is the case e.g. for most brushless DC motors).
       | 
       | [0]: I've been working my way through this book:
       | https://www.amazon.com/Design-Brushless-Permanent-Magnet-Mac...
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-05-23 23:02 UTC)