[HN Gopher] Number 16 (spider)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Number 16 (spider)
        
       Author : histories
       Score  : 308 points
       Date   : 2024-05-22 08:08 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (en.wikipedia.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (en.wikipedia.org)
        
       | egypturnash wrote:
       | Forty-three years. That's a long time to be a spider.
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | It's a long time to be a human, come to that.
        
         | Bonolio wrote:
         | One has to consider that if the longest lived spider ever, is
         | one out of possible millions, chosen for a particular study,
         | that maybe 43 years isn't actually that long for a spider. It
         | seems unlikely that at random they just happened to choose the
         | spider that would live longer than them all.
        
           | sdenton4 wrote:
           | Black widow spiders last something like a thousand eggs, and
           | the hatchlings murder and easy one another until only a
           | couple survive... Who go in to live for as long as black
           | widows live for. The average lifespan is likely quite low,
           | however.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | Very few people seem to be able to distinguish between "the
           | largest number on record" and "the largest thing that ever
           | happened", even if they know perfectly well that records of
           | whatever the phenomenon is are never kept.
        
           | epolanski wrote:
           | Can't they make different studies to determine age?
           | 
           | We know that some turtles, sharks and whales can live way
           | more than a century if not multiple centuries, but we don't
           | know that because we have been following them from centuries.
           | 
           | There's a tortoise living on the Seychelle's governor garden
           | since 1882 and has outlived every single governor yet.
           | 
           | We have a picture of it dating 1886: https://upload.wikimedia
           | .org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Jonathan...
        
             | rdlw wrote:
             | > There's a tortoise living on the Seychelle's governor
             | garden since 1882 and has outlived every single governor
             | yet.
             | 
             | Is this just a fancy way to say that the tortoise is alive,
             | and whoever was governor in 1882 is dead?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | No, actually it is saying that every governor _since_
               | 1882 (except, by implication of "yet", the current one
               | implied to exist) is also dead, not just that the 1882
               | governor is dead. Of course, in the limit case if there
               | were no governors after 1882 (except the current one, if
               | any) it would just say the one in 1882 was dead, but
               | there were, in fact, 24 or 25, depending on exactly when
               | in 1882 the tortoise arrived (not sure on that),
               | subsequent governors before the position was abolished
               | with home rule which quickly transitioned into
               | independence.
               | 
               | Which makes the "yet" weird, but I suppose it admits the
               | possibility that the office might be restored before the
               | tortoise dies, and the tortoise might not outlive the
               | potential future governor.
        
               | rdlw wrote:
               | Sure, the "yet" seemed to imply that one governor has
               | taken over. There's no further information regarding the
               | number of governors, and I refrained from speculation.
               | All I could deduce was that the 1882 governor is dead,
               | the current one is alive, and there is a nonnegative
               | whole number of intervening governors (zero or more).
        
           | egypturnash wrote:
           | Imagine the life of a spider. Imagine it for forty three
           | years. Lurking in your burrow, waiting for a snack to wander
           | by. Getting fucked by spider boys and maybe eating them. Do
           | trapdoor spiders eat their mates? I'm not sure. Laying eggs
           | and watching the spiderlings go running off. Again and again
           | for forty three years.
           | 
           | That just feels like a long time to be a spider.
        
         | ErneX wrote:
         | And it was killed, who knows for how long it could have lived.
        
           | pvaldes wrote:
           | In my opinion, the logical assumption is that this spider
           | species can't live for much more time than exactly that
           | interval of time
           | 
           | The interesting point here to me is that it was not killed
           | before. This suggests that it was able to fend off the wasps
           | attacks for fourty years. I assume that hen died it was too
           | weak (too old) to fight back. Another possibility is that it
           | had moult recently and was too soft to defend itself.
           | 
           | Insects die soon because adult wings can't moult twice.
           | Spiders don't have wings so they can moult indefinitely and
           | became much much older than insects --but-- is easy to
           | predict that (unlike jellyfishes), spiders can't live forever
           | 
           | We can be 100% sure of this empirically. We even could
           | predict mathematically the life time span of each species,
           | also if we would want it (again, in my opinion).
        
       | serf wrote:
       | it's neat that the spider outlasted the arachnologist's career.
       | 
       | I wonder how long it would have lived without the wasps'
       | interference.
        
       | bentcorner wrote:
       | While we're talking spiders, here's a book recommendation:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children_of_Time_(novel) (it's a
       | fantastic novel, if you have any interest at all don't spoil it
       | for yourself)
        
         | riffraff wrote:
         | I second this, I cannot recommend this enough. The sequels are
         | also interesting, but not so much.
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | Strong second.
        
         | jasonkester wrote:
         | Yeah, it's got a bit of that "sci-fi books that HN recommends "
         | syndrome in that it's a cool idea for a book but not actually a
         | good book. More interesting to have described to you by someone
         | who has read it than to read.
         | 
         | But probably worth forcing your way through the poor writing,
         | character building and storytelling to get those cool ideas out
         | of it.
         | 
         | It's a good book to have read, but not to read, I guess. Sadly,
         | the second one squanders an even more interesting concept, and
         | isn't worth reading.
        
           | hakfoo wrote:
           | I found the pacing a bit difficult, like they got 500 pages
           | in and realized "okay, we've gotta wrap this up in a hurry".
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > it's a cool idea for a book but not actually a good book
           | 
           | This was my impression of K. J. Parker's work. (I read the
           | Scavenger trilogy of his.)
           | 
           | Intricate idea, uninteresting writing.
        
           | shirleyquirk wrote:
           | I'm so glad to hear you say that, i was carrying it around
           | while slogging through it and everyone else who saw exclaimed
           | how good they'd heard it was. I do think the sequel is
           | better, I can suspend my disbelief more and found parts of it
           | honestly thrilling
        
           | hluska wrote:
           | That's a whole lot of words to shit on a book that someone
           | else wrote. It's not a very good look. I mean, yes you're
           | smart, but have some class.
        
             | adammarples wrote:
             | Not at all, that's a valuable review for me
        
           | kmarc wrote:
           | I read it before I became a daily reader of HN.
           | 
           | I always thought and still think it's a great book. It may
           | miss some writer's instruments to make it "a good book" in
           | the classical sense, but to me it wasn't missing at all.
           | 
           | If anyone here neglects this book due to being a "sci-fi
           | booksthat HN recommends", please give it a try!
        
             | jimmydddd wrote:
             | I was a huge Asimov fan as a kid. Re-reading some of my
             | favorites, I noticed they lacked a lot of classical "good
             | book" elements. But they are still great in their own way.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | > Yeah, it's got a bit of that "sci-fi books that HN
           | recommends " syndrome in that it's a cool idea for a book but
           | not actually a good book.
           | 
           | Since you seem to have a higher bar than many, what are some
           | examples of sci-fi books that you think are actually good
           | books?
        
         | hultner wrote:
         | I have not read this but I can recommend Vernor Vinges book "A
         | Deepness of the Sky" on a similar theme.
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Deepness_in_the_Sky
        
           | TheMagicHorsey wrote:
           | I've read both and both are 10/10. But if you use a 100-point
           | scale then Vinge's book is 99/100 and Tchaikovsky's is
           | 95/100.
        
       | foobiekr wrote:
       | The final sentence is very sad. Fuck Alzheimer's.
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | A neighbor of mine went from the most brilliant and kindest
         | person I've ever met, to not recognizing his own wife at home
         | in a short time span of few months.
         | 
         | The fact that he would not recognize me after talking together
         | every week for a decade felt slightly odd.
         | 
         | But what broke the camel's straw was after one morning he
         | assaulted his own wife coming back with groceries thinking she
         | was an intruder.
         | 
         | Living 50 years together and not remembering her at all was
         | awful.
         | 
         | Broke her and his heart too when he had to be taken to a proper
         | elderly care facility as he was too dangerous (70+ but still
         | very fit and strong) to his own family. Obviously, luck wanted
         | that he was lucid when they were taking him out the house. He
         | was aware of what was happening and why for few minutes. But
         | when it came to say goodbye it felt like Shutter Island finale,
         | you couldn't say whether he was now faking a few moments later
         | or if he was doing it because aware of his condition and
         | danger.
        
         | rc_mob wrote:
         | the spider is forever alive in her heart
        
       | happytoexplain wrote:
       | >For her 40th birthday, research assistant Leanda Mason wanted to
       | give the spider a mealworm, but Main denied the request since it
       | would interfere with the study.
       | 
       | I have to admire the level of professionalism it takes to not
       | give a single mealworm to a spider you have been watching for
       | forty years.
        
         | EugeneOZ wrote:
         | They also didn't give her a name - she remained "#16", without
         | any pet name.
        
           | throwanem wrote:
           | Nor should they have. Instead, they behaved respectfully.
        
             | 4gotunameagain wrote:
             | What would be disrespectful about calling her Brenda for
             | example ?
        
               | aa-jv wrote:
               | The potential for confusion when documenting the work in
               | any scientific papers.
        
               | martin293 wrote:
               | How does that have amything to do with disrespect?
        
               | aa-jv wrote:
               | Not having respect for the scientific process, where
               | using loaded or ambiguous labels introduces culture where
               | only raw technical facts are required.
        
               | martin293 wrote:
               | Meh. As another commenter pointed out,
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_(parrot) . Also I find
               | the idea of "academic seriousness" very weird. I would
               | never ever want to wake up with the thought of doing
               | "serious science" all day. I want science (in my personal
               | case, math) to be interesting, and thus fun.
               | 
               | "Man is most nearly himself when he achieves the
               | seriousness of a child at play." - Heraclitus
        
               | sdk77 wrote:
               | It doesn't. The spider's name is 'Number 16'. It could be
               | any alphanumeric string.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | But the original assertion was that the researchers
               | "behaved respectfully" by using the #16 name.
        
               | pvaldes wrote:
               | Spiders are math loving creatures
        
               | dotancohen wrote:
               | Many research animals are named. Alex the parrot comes to
               | mind.
        
               | AdamN wrote:
               | This is an outcome of Jane Goodall challenging the
               | convention of the day to use code numbers for animal
               | subjects. At the time it was considered apostasy.
        
               | throwanem wrote:
               | It'd be unduly familiar.
        
           | lIl-IIIl wrote:
           | Reminds me of "Red XIII", a character in Final Fantasy 7, who
           | was a specimen in a study when encountered by the player. The
           | name is probably chosen to highlight the heartless practice
           | of giving a number to a sentient being instead of using a
           | name.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | On the other hand, the difference it makes in the study is
         | zero.
        
           | alex_duf wrote:
           | what if the spider dies shortly after? You'll have no way of
           | knowing if the worm was the cause of the death.
           | 
           | what if the spider doesn't die shortly after? You'll have no
           | way of knowing if the spider would have died of hunger
           | without your intervention
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | You can safely assume that nothing ever dies of hunger.
             | 
             | It doesn't matter, though; none of your results will be
             | different either way.
        
       | janalsncm wrote:
       | What amazes me about spiders is their complex unlearned behavior.
       | No trapdoor spider learns how to build a trap. No orb weaver
       | learns how to spin a web. Trap/web building behavior is entirely
       | programmed in their DNA.
       | 
       | I think about this a lot in the context of conversations about
       | intelligence. If spiders can have complex behaviors hard-coded,
       | humans certainly do too. (In other words, the Tabula Rasa theory
       | is wrong.) The ability to learn language and emotion are
       | certainly two examples. We are pretty good at certain things
       | (learning language, picking up social cues) and relatively bad at
       | others (calculating an 18% tip).
       | 
       | So if you're going to measure "intelligence" the first thing
       | you'll need to do is choose what to measure. What questions do
       | you ask? You might be inclined to pick things we humans think are
       | important. But then that's not an objective universal
       | measurement, at best it's yardstick for human cognitive
       | abilities.
        
         | ggm wrote:
         | They don't just build one. You may mean they don't learn from
         | observation of others or from their mother. They may still
         | acquire a sense of a better trapdoor and make better trap doors
         | by experience. I can't think of an experiment to test the
         | theory, but it might be around qualities like "thickness" or
         | "wind resistance" if you could make a condition of test which
         | put the trapdoor they do un-biassed under specific stresses.
        
           | 4gotunameagain wrote:
           | Still, even if that's true, it does not refute the point. The
           | knowledge necessary to build the very first burrow or web, or
           | trapdoor (which will be definitely more than good enough
           | otherwise spiders would no longer exist) is hardcoded, not
           | externally acquired.
        
             | kid64 wrote:
             | Isn't virtually all behavior of non-humans driven by
             | instinct? Our learned behavior seems way more unlikely and
             | amazing.
        
               | LtdJorge wrote:
               | Are you saying that humans are the only animal capable of
               | learning?
        
               | seszett wrote:
               | No, learning from parents is common for the young of most
               | mammals and many birds, at least.
               | 
               | Primates are on another level compared to most other
               | animals, and humans are definitely outliers, but learned
               | behaviour is far from unique to humans.
        
             | ggm wrote:
             | I agree. An individual may develop improvement over time
             | (43 years!) but there's no evidence of transmission across
             | generations. Still, ability to refine might be heritable?
        
         | FabHK wrote:
         | > the Tabula Rasa theory is wrong
         | 
         | Good book about precisely this (and in agreement with your
         | statement) is cognitive psychologist Steven Pinker's 2002 book
         | _The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature_.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blank_Slate
        
           | dhosek wrote:
           | I've thought about differing levels of innate behaviors in
           | different species as being somewhat akin to different sorts
           | of programming languages. So dogs and cats are more akin to,
           | say, Pascal1 which provides a high level of functionality at
           | the language level, but are limited in capability2 while
           | humans are more like C where there's less functionality out
           | of the box, but the ability to accomplish unique tasks is
           | less bounded.
           | 
           | [?]
           | 
           | 1. This is a theory I came up with as a high school student
           | in the 80s so my choices of programming languages reflect
           | that.
           | 
           | 2. Insert obligatory Turing-completeness disclaimer here.
        
         | aa-jv wrote:
         | Story time.
         | 
         | I'm from Western Australia and spent a lot of time in its
         | deserts in my youth.
         | 
         | I have a very distinct memory of walking out among the spinifex
         | as a child, needing to pee. Its hot, my bare feet are burning,
         | the ground is unforgiving and I already have spinifex'ed
         | ankles, so naturally I tread as carefully as I can, trying to
         | avoid the sand and the spikes, only walking on the slightly
         | less heated organic mats that surround some of the spinifex, a
         | kind of carpet of twigs and leaves, gathered in pockets by the
         | wind.
         | 
         | The natural urge is rising, and I stop paying attention and get
         | a bit of pace, as relief must be had. I see a particularly
         | appealing area, covered by this organic dust, and I leap over
         | to it, get my body parts aligned, and begin the process of
         | relief.
         | 
         | A few seconds into it, I feel something moving. The entire mat
         | that I was standing on, is in fact, a field of trap doors.
         | Maybe a hundred of them. They begin to open.
         | 
         | I have never levitated as hard and as fast in my life.
         | 
         | So my Tabula Rasa has given me this lesson: don't go into the
         | spinifex to pee. Ever.
        
           | tgittos wrote:
           | Wild. I also grew up in Perth and until just now thought WA
           | didn't have trapdoor spiders. Thanks for the anecdote that
           | taught me something.
        
             | helpfulContrib wrote:
             | In fact they recently found new species ...
             | 
             | https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/news/2018/05/fourte
             | e...
        
         | bruce511 wrote:
         | We struggle to define intelligence, much less measure it.
         | 
         | When I was at school a million years ago "smart" kids were ones
         | who learned to read fast, did numbers well, and had good memory
         | recall.
         | 
         | Then along came computers, which had perfect memory, did
         | numbers really well. So "intelligent machines?"
         | 
         | Obviously not, so we tweaked our measure of intelligence.
         | Perhaps to include writing well, or learning quickly. Which,
         | um, computers now do.
         | 
         | But we still view the computers as "not intelligent" but I'm
         | not sure what measure we'll use now. Something to do with art
         | or music? Hmm, no, wait, that's no good either....
         | 
         | (PS schools still mostly measure numbers and memory....)
        
           | lukan wrote:
           | "But we still view the computers as "not intelligent" but I'm
           | not sure what measure we'll use now. Something to do with art
           | or music? Hmm, no, wait, that's no good either...."
           | 
           | We could focus on whether the student has actually understood
           | the topic and is not just able to produce nice sounding words
           | and some quotes about it.
        
             | Tijdreiziger wrote:
             | How do you differentiate between a student who actually
             | understands the topic and one who is just able to produce a
             | convincing essay about it?
             | 
             | More generally, how do you measure 'actual understanding',
             | if not by judging the student's output?
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | "if not by judging the student's output"
               | 
               | Where did I say to not do that?
               | 
               | And someone who can produce a convincing essay usually
               | has understood the topic (unless he copy pasted it). And
               | when there are doubts, one can ask that student specific
               | questions.
        
               | Tijdreiziger wrote:
               | > Where did I say to not do that?
               | 
               | You asserted that the student should "not just [be] able
               | to produce nice sounding words". What do you suggest
               | output is if not words (nice sounding or not)?
               | 
               | > And someone who can produce a convincing essay usually
               | has understood the topic (unless he copy pasted it).
               | 
               | Then, what is the difference between a convincing essay
               | ('nice sounding words') produced by a human, and similar
               | words produced by an LLM?
               | 
               | After all, even today, students are passing ChatGPT's
               | work off as their own. Does this then demonstrate
               | understanding by the student or by ChatGPT?
               | 
               | > And when there are doubts, one can ask that student
               | specific questions.
               | 
               | If an LLM can answer specific questions about a subject,
               | does this demonstrate true understanding? If not, why
               | not?
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | Schools deem a child smart when that child excels at tasks
           | that the school assigns to them. I've those tasks were simply
           | to read and add. Then those tasks included writing and
           | remembering. What tasks do schools demand of children today?
           | 
           | It seems that intelligence is a term that we apply to people
           | who consistently excel at the mental tasks assigned to them,
           | no matter what those tasks entail.
        
           | LtdJorge wrote:
           | Kids being smart normally means they are _more_ intelligent
           | than the others. Computers, compared to average humans are
           | dumb as rocks.
        
           | fmbb wrote:
           | Who struggles to do what for which purpose?
           | 
           | Sometimes the word "intelligent" is used by someone who sells
           | IQ tests.
           | 
           | Sometimes the word is used by someone who sells the idea of a
           | computer that can think like a human.
           | 
           | I don't know if people in general struggle or care about the
           | definition.
        
         | liampulles wrote:
         | I wonder if the process of building a complex web can be
         | reduced to a simple set of rules, almost like a cellular
         | automata.
         | 
         | The simple rulesets which lead to complex outcomes in nature is
         | amazing to me.
        
           | fartsucker69 wrote:
           | simple nets for sure, but spiders can easily deal with an
           | uncountable number of corner cases, I somehow think it's not
           | reducible to all-too simple rules (in the 'game of life'
           | sense) and more an interaction of several non-trivially
           | complex systems like their various perception systems.
           | 
           | obviously their neural networks are limited in size and
           | therefor complexity has to remain somewhat simple relatively
           | to larger animals).
        
             | lqet wrote:
             | https://xkcd.com/1135/
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | Many years ago when I was working IT for a public school
           | district, I was unpacking a large number of identical HP PCs
           | from cardboard boxes. I noticed that a large portion (it must
           | have been half or more) of the boxes had the exact same type
           | of spider in a nearly identical web in the exact same spot in
           | the cardboard box. It was a small cardboard cubby taped onto
           | the inside of the large exterior box, for storing a power
           | cord and other small accessories. It must have been just the
           | right shape and size, and accessible in just the right way,
           | that this type of spider absolutely loved it.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | > If spiders can have complex behaviors hard-coded, humans
         | certainly do too.
         | 
         | Depends what you mean by complex... All creatures get born with
         | an idea how to get food. Human babies have never seen breast or
         | anyone sucking breast, yet they can go through the process
         | pretty much immediately. That's a very clever movement /
         | sensation following combination, but it's there from the
         | beginning.
        
           | alandarev wrote:
           | do you have children or worked with babies? they suck
           | anything they can fit in mouth. The reflex of sucking is
           | wired, yes, but not the object
        
             | lqet wrote:
             | Babies are definitely hardwired to be attracted by the
             | contrast of skin / areola on the female breast. Once they
             | have targeted this contrast, they will do a very typical
             | (also hardwired) "search" for the nipple: they come very
             | close to the breast, open their mouth, do exploratory
             | sucking via fast breathing, and quickly move their head
             | left and right until they have "docked" on the breast. They
             | start doing this minutes after birth (they are also
             | hardwired to search for the breast when placed on the
             | mother right after birth), and stop once their sensory
             | systems are fully developed and they have learned how mom
             | looks, how mom smells, and where mom's breast is (after 1-2
             | months). On my own child, I even noticed how it once
             | mistook the snout of a teddy bear for a female breast.
             | 
             | The "will suck at anything" instinct is IMHO a fall-back
             | mechanism if for some reason a female breast is not
             | available.
        
               | fngjdflmdflg wrote:
               | Here's a source for the above claim that I found after
               | looking this up:
               | 
               | >During pregnancy, the nipple has become more pigmented
               | 68 and is easy for the newborn infant to discover (Fig.
               | 1C). We have observed that soon after birth, the areola
               | expands and takes a bulb-like shape (Fig. 1G). The
               | Montgomery glands also become more pronounced (Fig. 1G).
               | The scent of areolar secretions has been linked to
               | behavioural responses, such as head turning 69 and
               | directional crawling in newborn infants 70. This release
               | of the breast odour by the Montgomery glands is known to
               | help the newborn infant find the nipple 17, 27, 69. The
               | newborn infant recognises the scent of the mother's
               | breast from the amniotic fluid 71, touches the breast and
               | transmits the taste of the breast to the mouth (hand-to-
               | breast-mouth movements) 17. This stimulates rooting and
               | crawling movements in the newborn infant to reach the
               | nipple. The connection between the taste of amniotic
               | fluid and the scent of the breast from the Montgomery
               | glands highlights a biological survival mechanism - a
               | pathway of flavour with lifelong consequences. (Fig. 3)
               | (17, 71-80) When knowing of this sensitive odour-
               | dependent mechanism, it might be wise not to interfere
               | with unfamiliar hands.[0]
               | 
               | [0] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apa.14754
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | There's more to it. Have a look at the specific idea of
             | "breast crawl".
        
         | philipwhiuk wrote:
         | > What amazes me about spiders is their complex unlearned
         | behavior. No trapdoor spider learns how to build a trap. No orb
         | weaver learns how to spin a web. Trap/web building behavior is
         | entirely programmed in their DNA.
         | 
         | Do we really have evidence for this rather than observation and
         | communication from parents to offspring. I'm deeply skeptical.
        
           | edanm wrote:
           | I have no idea about this, but, how hard would it be in
           | theory to test? Just remove a spider from any other spiders
           | and see if they develop that behavior.
           | 
           | I don't know if the parent comment represented the expert
           | consensus correctly, but if they did, I wouldn't
           | automatically be skeptical of it.
        
           | berkes wrote:
           | we do https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_versus_nurture#Int
           | ellig...
           | 
           | That evidence is compelling and well-reviewed. But that
           | evidence is also countered with other evidence: the debate
           | isn't settled. But it's undoubtedly clear that a part of our
           | intelligence and other personality traits are inherited:
           | coded into our DNA. What's not settled, is how much.
        
           | seszett wrote:
           | Spiders that hatch without their parents around build the
           | same webs as any other spider from the same species. This
           | behaviour is really not something that leaves any space for
           | being sceptical.
        
           | indigoabstract wrote:
           | Is it too much to believe that both hardware (built-in) and
           | software (flexible) parts are employed in nature?
        
         | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
         | > If spiders can have complex behaviors hard-coded, humans
         | certainly do too.
         | 
         | That does not follow. It's a logical fallacy. ('Spiders can
         | have eight legs, so humans certainly do too.')
        
           | hypertele-Xii wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymelia
        
             | wddkcs wrote:
             | That's a birth defect, not applicable.
        
           | fartsucker69 wrote:
           | in the limit the distinction between something that is
           | learned and something that is programmed genetically is
           | somewhat a matter of definitions. if a species genes makes it
           | so they create a complex social web that teaches all its
           | individuals certain skills, is that genetically programmed or
           | not?
           | 
           | free will wouldn't even change that, since it's presumably
           | also given by our genes.
        
           | dcre wrote:
           | It's only a logical fallacy if it is taken to be the entirety
           | of the argument rather than an abbreviated representation of
           | a longer chain of reasoning. I don't think anyone would claim
           | that sentence is self-evidently true!
        
         | barbs wrote:
         | Sometimes I feel like my fear of spiders is baked into my DNA.
         | I think I found some evidence to support this, can't remember
         | where though...
        
         | llmblockchain wrote:
         | Interesting-- I wonder if criminal behavior is embedded in
         | DNA...
        
           | Geezus_42 wrote:
           | And now we're heading towards eugenics once again. Amazing
           | how quickly these discussions turn that direction.
        
         | angiosperm wrote:
         | Curiously, though, we don't really know it is coded in DNA.
         | 
         | Michael Levin has been discovering lately that biology is more
         | complicated than we thought. His YT videos are mind-boggling.
         | Flatworm genetics are a dog's breakfast that the cells work
         | around by means nobody understands.
        
           | moi2388 wrote:
           | His talks are some of the most fascinating I've ever heard.
           | Nick Lane is a close second.
        
           | phito wrote:
           | Michael Levin's work is awesome
        
           | fngjdflmdflg wrote:
           | What do you mean by this specifically? What claims does he
           | make? It's hard to respond to this just based on what you
           | wrote. I don't think biologists have claimed that biology
           | isn't complicated, and I don't think anyone claims that DNA
           | isn't complicated either. Unless you are referring to
           | genetics? That is still caused by DNA, just not by gene
           | expression.
        
         | AeroNotix wrote:
         | I think the biggest issues involved around
         | knowledge/skills/intelligence being potentially linked to
         | genetics is that it often draws the eugenics proponents into
         | the discussion and it's obvious how that conversation ends.
        
         | SCM-Enthusiast wrote:
         | the children of time series explores this concept in spiders.
         | What happens if you were able pass down all of your knowledge
         | into your children through genetics and how would that change
         | society.
        
         | jcul wrote:
         | It reminds me of how Noam Chomsky speaks about language /
         | language learning being something inate in humans.
        
         | diroussel wrote:
         | Carl Jung held this view too. And he knew his teacher Freud
         | disagreed. For instance a Carl Jung thought a humans fear of
         | spiders in innate, and not learnt.
         | 
         | The same as how a bird can be scared on snakes. Interestingly
         | native birds in Australia aren't scared of humans.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | > For instance a Carl Jung thought a humans fear of spiders
           | in innate, and not learnt.
           | 
           | I don't have fear of spiders (was surprised by how many
           | people do fear spiders). When I was young, I "hosted" a bunch
           | of them under my table. Thinking of it, I think most people
           | have their fears transmitted through their mothers. My mom
           | certainly didn't fear spiders but she hated their "dirty"
           | webs.
           | 
           | For example I do have a strong reaction to cockroaches till
           | this day; a harmless insect that my mother fear. I can't even
           | look at the beast. My cousin do not and conversely do fear
           | spiders.
        
         | magicalhippo wrote:
         | I saw a project on GitHub some time ago where someone trained a
         | neural net with only a single, shared weight to play a driving
         | game.
         | 
         | They used a gentic algorithm to evolve the network, its
         | connections and activation functions (per node).
         | 
         | It got quite good.
         | 
         | Perhaps not that surprising that one can encode a lot in the
         | graph structure itself, and given how DNA is quite good at
         | dictating complex organs, I don't see why something similar
         | couldn't be at work for insects and mammals alike. After all,
         | nobody taught the newborn kangaroo babies how to crawl up into
         | the pouch of their mom either.
        
           | mobeets wrote:
           | Probably this (awesome) paper: https://proceedings.neurips.cc
           | /paper/2019/hash/e98741479a7b9...
        
             | magicalhippo wrote:
             | Yep, can't recall if someone else implemented it or if it
             | was official repo tho. Was a car driving over obstacles in
             | 2D IIRC.
        
         | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
         | It has been well argued that "The Blank Slate" argument is
         | wrong, or at least more complex and subtle than that.
         | 
         | In Pinker's book The Blank Slate" in particular.
         | 
         | We are born blank of our mother tongue, but are wired to
         | acquire one. Not wired with the skill itself, but with the
         | propensity to acquire it. Both nature and nurture are deeply
         | important to the outcome.
        
         | dhosek wrote:
         | I kind of wonder whether certain cultural artifacts might be
         | genetically inspired. My son, when he was young, without any
         | prompting wanted to be an architect (like his great-grandfather
         | whom he had never met, nor even heard anything about before
         | this) and was obsessed with guitars (like me, although at that
         | point, my own guitar had been in the basement for years and he
         | had never seen me play it). This is not to say that these
         | particular behaviors are explicitly encoded in genetics (both
         | guitars and architecture as a discipline are much younger than
         | evolutionary time), but rather that some intrinsic
         | predisposition towards them exists (so, perhaps had we lived in
         | fifteenth-century Persia, we would be oud-obsessed, to choose
         | one posseible alternate reality).
        
           | dewbrite wrote:
           | Anecdotally, I had a grandfather I never met who had built
           | his own house on a nice plot of land out in the sticks, and
           | that's something I'm obsessed with doing in the future. My
           | father also worked in tech, but didn't really pass knowledge
           | to me.
           | 
           | Though, both of these things are almost stereotypical [1]
           | 
           | 1: https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammerHumor/comments/vnmmuo/w
           | he...
        
         | foolfoolz wrote:
         | i think we are going to find way more comes from dna than we
         | thought. Physiognomy is the science of determining your
         | personality (and other traits) from the way your face looks.
         | this was cast aside as pseudoscience like palm reading, until
         | recently ai facial recognition found its real
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiognomy
        
       | jonahx wrote:
       | > Because of Number 16, Main's project took far longer than she
       | had expected. She continued to work into her late 80s, but she
       | "began to look forward to the project's end"
       | 
       | Reminded me of The Onion's "Expert Wasted Entire Life Studying
       | Anteaters":
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXD9HnrNrvk
        
       | junon wrote:
       | > Australian arachnologist Barbara York Main ... returned to the
       | site annually, sometimes more frequently, for more than four
       | decades.
       | 
       | Huge respect. Always amazed by scientists sticking with studies
       | like that.
        
       | brap wrote:
       | I wonder what it's like living life idle 99% of the time. Do
       | spiders get bored?
        
         | optimalsolver wrote:
         | You may be interested in this discussion:
         | 
         | "Imagining the psychology of aliens evolved from ambush
         | predators"
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/slatestarcodex/comments/16a9m2h/ima...
        
       | disagree123 wrote:
       | Rarely do I see a wikipedia post here that actually is new and
       | interesting to me. Thanks!
        
         | zeigotaro wrote:
         | This was also posted on depthsofwikipedia on IG, which, if you
         | haven't checked out, is quite the rabbit hole. Highly
         | recommended.
        
       | Miraltar wrote:
       | The longest-lived spider: mygalomorphs dig deep, and persevere
       | 
       | Research article reporting the spider's death by Leanda Denise
       | Mason, Grant Wardell-Johnson and Barbara York Main
       | 
       | https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%...
        
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