[HN Gopher] Katy - 68000 Linux on a Solderless Breadboard (2014)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Katy - 68000 Linux on a Solderless Breadboard (2014)
        
       Author : caned
       Score  : 175 points
       Date   : 2024-05-19 05:12 UTC (17 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bigmessowires.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bigmessowires.com)
        
       | nolist_policy wrote:
       | Heh, Using a 555 timer for preemptive scheduling in Linux is one
       | of the biggest flexes I've seen in a while.
        
         | codeflo wrote:
         | For me, the whole thing is an impressive flex, but I know next
         | to nothing about electronics. Can you elaborate what's
         | interesting about using 555 timers in particular?
        
           | gnunez wrote:
           | The 555 timer is considered one of the most successful chip
           | designs in electronics. It has a simple, well understood,
           | design. The timing on the 555 can be configured to generate a
           | periodic signal using just a few resistors and capacitors.
           | The 555 is often used as a timer in electronic circuits. The
           | Linux scheduler is usually configured to respond to
           | interrupts generated by a cpu. To replace those cpu
           | interrupts by a simple 555 timer is impressive due to the
           | unconventional nature of the setup.
        
             | javcasas wrote:
             | Also, the 555 is an ancient chip, that pretty much appeared
             | as the basic chip (along with it's friend, the 741 general
             | purpose op-amp), being the two of them the protagonists of
             | pretty much 70% of the hobby circuits in the 80s.
        
           | drewzero1 wrote:
           | There's a bit of a meme among electronics hobbyists that for
           | so many projects with an Arduino, somebody in the comments
           | says "I could've done that with a 555". It's a very common
           | chip with a wide range of uses from arcade sound generation
           | to the timer on a toaster to light/motion activated alarms.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | As someone that grew up reading Elektor articles, that
             | pretty much sums up most of the gadgets I see on Maker
             | magazines.
             | 
             | The big difference is that is much easier to program a
             | microcontroller in software, than mastering electronics,
             | specially when analogue circuits are evolved, and the only
             | debugging tools are a multimeter, pen and paper.
        
           | szundi wrote:
           | There is something about the 555 that triggers love from
           | people
        
             | unwind wrote:
             | Yeah most chips don't get stuff like a discrete version [1]
             | or a furniture recreation [2].
             | 
             | 1: https://shop.evilmadscientist.com/productsmenu/652
             | 
             | 2: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.instructables.com/Giant
             | -555...
        
           | phendrenad2 wrote:
           | I don't think it's a flex per se, but more of a nod to where
           | many people start off in their electronics careers. The LM555
           | has been used for four(?) decades to teach electronics to
           | students.
           | 
           | A cheap $1 8-pin microcontroller (attiny, avr8, pic) could do
           | the job of an LM555 without the LM555's required
           | capacitors/resistors. But that's not as fun.
        
       | rawland wrote:
       | HN 2014: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8622720
       | 
       | Video showcasing it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRdLlaUmmpM
       | by it's original designer: Steve Chamberlin. :)
        
       | Beijinger wrote:
       | Follow up with the real board:
       | https://www.bigmessowires.com/68-katy/
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | So it's possible to run Linux on any 8 bit CPU?
        
         | guenthert wrote:
         | The MC68008 has an external 8bit data bus. Internal registers
         | are 32bit wide. Typically one means CPUs with 8bit wide
         | registers when one talks about a 8bit CPU, e.g. 6502, 8080 etc.
         | 
         | The Linux kernel requires a MMU for virtual memory support.
         | Here a severly stripped-down version, mClinux, is used which
         | doesn't support virtual memory and (hence) doesn't require a
         | MMU, so any CPU with a 32bit linear address space (implying
         | 32bit wide address registers) could be supported. At the very
         | least a C compiler (supporting GNU extensions) for that CPU is
         | needed.
         | 
         | Said that, there is ELKS (a subset of Linux functionality for
         | 8086) and there is even a (memory-enhanced) C64 running a Linux
         | VM (very, very slowly though).
        
           | DeathArrow wrote:
           | My bad, I thought registers are 8 bit wide in MC68008. What
           | you are saying totally makes sense.
        
           | nopakos wrote:
           | So, a Unix running on a Sinclair QL, which is based on 68008
           | would be possible, theoretically!
        
             | bitwize wrote:
             | That was Linus's first computer! I wonder if he'd be
             | interested in writing such a kernel, to revisit an old
             | friend...
        
         | RetroTechie wrote:
         | You could, if you'd emulate a 32b cpu on that 8-bitter.
         | 
         | The real limitation here is memory. Imho it says a lot about
         | modern day software bloat that even an ancient 2.0 series
         | _kernel_ needs ~600KB (ROM /RAM combined). For what, really?
         | That's already a lot of features & almost all hw drivers
         | stripped from it, right? What's that remaining ~600KB code+data
         | doing then?
        
           | szundi wrote:
           | 640kb "should be enough for everyone"
        
       | lproven wrote:
       | (2014)
        
       | krater23 wrote:
       | But can it run Doom?
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | >it was unstable when tested at 4 MHz
       | 
       | I'd be willing to bet that sprinkling in handful of bypass
       | capacitors on the rails, and keeping those leads short, would get
       | everything up to 4 Mhz. I don't think those leads are long
       | enough, or have enough capacitance, to be the limiting factor.
        
         | bogantech wrote:
         | The breadboard itself has a bit of capacitance too doesn't it?
        
       | whartung wrote:
       | So I assume with UCLinux on a 68K, there's nothing to stop a
       | rogue program from destabilizing the system? (Mind, not a hostile
       | program, just a buggy program.)
       | 
       | On an 8086, you can get a modicum of protection by limiting your
       | processes to the Tiny or Small memory model (thus a rogue 16 bit
       | address can't easily "leak" out of their respective segments and
       | clobber the kernel).
        
         | szundi wrote:
         | Yes but probably the only program is you one or two executables
        
       | GarrettBodley wrote:
       | This post is really making me want to order one of Ben Eater's 8
       | bit computer kits
        
         | ngcc_hk wrote:
         | I ordered but never open the box. For Covid hotel q 2 week
         | project. They changed the rule and hence no 2 week isolation to
         | do that sadly.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-05-19 23:00 UTC)