[HN Gopher] Swiss' Entire Boeing 777 Fleet Now Has Shark Skin Te...
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       Swiss' Entire Boeing 777 Fleet Now Has Shark Skin Technology
        
       Author : belter
       Score  : 76 points
       Date   : 2024-05-18 20:08 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (simpleflying.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (simpleflying.com)
        
       | massenpunkt wrote:
       | Some more technical information:
       | https://cleantechhub.lufthansagroup.com/en/focus-areas/aircr...
        
         | kryptoncalm wrote:
         | Most relevant part: "By applying a total of 950 square meters
         | of AeroSHARK riblet film to the fuselage and engine nacelle
         | surfaces of a Boeing 777, fuel savings of approximately 1.1
         | percent can be achieved."
        
           | bamboozled wrote:
           | Seems hardly worth it ? 1.1%? What about the cost of
           | application and maintenance ? I'm guessing it's plastic too,
           | which will pollute the environment somehow.
        
             | Raidion wrote:
             | The plane can carry 45,000 gallons of fuel. 2.1 bucks a
             | gallon. So probably 500 bucks of savings a flight since
             | most flights arent full capacity. 130k flights in '23. So
             | ez 65 million in savings a year.
             | 
             | Worth doing for the environment even if it's cost neutral
             | probably.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | There's a cost/benefit ratio chart in that link from GP
             | comment.
             | 
             | The ROI appears to be 2 years. Considering the application
             | is relatively easy, this looks like a good deal for
             | airlines.
        
         | dredmorbius wrote:
         | That provides more information (and visuals) on the technology
         | itself.
         | 
         | I've spent a few minutes looking for imagery of the film
         | itself, sufficient to show details. There's surprisingly
         | little, and I suspect the manufacturer doesn't want visual
         | details of the skin itself available.
         | 
         | There's a schematic in the link below, which also shows the
         | contrast of the AEROShark film to actual shark skin. The film
         | is more grooves than scales, for those curious.
         | 
         | <https://swiss.newsmarket.com/english/press-releases/swiss-
         | ad...>
        
       | jt2190 wrote:
       | Swiss Magazine post "AeroSHARK: inspired by shark skin"
       | https://www.swiss.com/magazine/en/inside-swiss/sustainabilit...
        
       | pcurve wrote:
       | 2200 ton saved for 12 planes is about 1.5milliom usd
       | 
       | Each 777 can carry about 150 ton of fuel.
       | 
       | So they got about 15 fill ups free
        
         | carlosjobim wrote:
         | That sounds like at least a percent or two in savings per year,
         | which is not too shabby.
        
           | nimish wrote:
           | BASF quotes 1-1.5%, which is pretty damn good for a one-time,
           | low-cost application.
           | 
           | I guess Swiss is Lufthansa's test before rolling it out to
           | the rest of the group's brands.
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | Yep - the more detailed page on the Lufthansa site states a
           | 777 sees a 1% reduction in aerodynamic drag (it's a bit less
           | for a 747 at 0.8%)
        
         | yatz wrote:
         | Add the opportunity cost of grounding the plane for about a
         | month to apply the coat, plus the cost of the coating. It can
         | easily outweigh the savings or push the ROI to over many years.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | Yeah but planes fly a lot over the span of 25 years or so;
           | granted, they need to be repainted every once in a while. It
           | does add up, is all I'm saying.
        
         | Gravityloss wrote:
         | It might even compound. Ie if because of the sharkskin you have
         | to take less fuel onboard, then the plane will be lighter and
         | you will consume even less fuel. On long distance flights a
         | significant portion of total plane weight is fuel.
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | >>AeroSHARK replicates this hydrodynamic property on aircraft. It
       | is a "special film" made up of "tiny 50-micrometre riblets that
       | reduce aerodynamic drag during flight."
       | 
       | While it's at this point obviously tested and proven to work, I
       | wonder about the size of that texture in relation to the texture
       | on actual shark-skin, and whether they are working at similar
       | Reynolds numbers.
        
       | Delmololo wrote:
       | I haven't thought that air travel can be made significantly
       | better but I think 5 years ago or so I flew the dream liner for
       | the first time and it was so much quieter and so much better
       | because of it.
       | 
       | Anyone knows how long a airplane has to fly to be written of?
        
         | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
         | Roughly 25 years. The other thing that you probably didn't
         | notice directly but made you feel better is the better
         | pressurization. Newer planes tend to keep higher pressures
         | (since carbon fiber is ridiculously strong), which helps
         | prevent some of the general discomfort of flying.
        
           | simonjgreen wrote:
           | The 787 and the A350 are both a delight to fly long haul
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | I still prefer A380 when I can get one. The extra space is
             | amazing.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Isn't that determined by seat pitch, which in turn is
               | arbitrarily configurable by the airline? What does the
               | model have to do with it?
        
               | skissane wrote:
               | Given how huge the A380 is, it is more likely to fly less
               | than completely full, which increases the odds that
               | you'll have vacant seat(s) next to you in economy class.
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | NB, for any budding bathynauts: carbon fibre is strong under
           | _tension_ , which is precisely the use-case for higher-than-
           | ambient-pressure vessels such as air- and space-craft.
           | 
           | It's far _less_ comparatively strong under _compression_ ,
           | which seems to have been the principle failure mode of the
           | now-permanently-submerged _Titan_.
           | 
           | The failure modes of explosive vs. implosive failure are also
           | relevant. High-pressure implosions tend to collapse the
           | entire hull, whilst so far as I understand, explosive
           | failure, particularly at the relatively low pressure
           | differentials of air and space flight, tend to be localised,
           | and the fibre-reinforced nature of composite materials should
           | reduce damage to the neighbourhood of the initial failure
           | point in many cases. Implosive failure needn't actually
           | penetrate the hull so much as _crease_ it, a mode which CF
           | handles poorly respective to the application.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | I never got the chance to fly in a Dreamliner, but I have
           | been told that its air is also more humid than standard jets
           | (because of the carbon-fiber construction, I think, so metal
           | oxidation isn't an issue).
        
             | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
             | > because of the carbon-fiber construction
             | 
             | yes
             | 
             | > so metal oxidation isn't an issue
             | 
             | no. It's not rust, but that higher pressure air can hold
             | more water at the same relative humidity. The higher
             | pressure air is achievable because carbon fiber has higher
             | tensile strength per weight.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | 62,000 flight hours
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | Flight hours or flight _cycles_?
           | 
           | I suspect that pressure hull and wing spars experience the
           | greatest loading and fatigue, and may be differentially
           | influenced by overall flight time and takeoff/landing cycles.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | Hours. I remember the incident with an Aloha Airlines 737
             | where fatigue damage caused the failure of part of the
             | structure. Those airplanes were only used for very short
             | hops, hence a high ratio of cycles/hours. While they were
             | within the 62,000 hour limit, the cycles were very high and
             | were not anticipated in the fatigue calculations.
             | 
             | The criteria might have changed since that incident.
             | 
             | Maintenance schedules are based on hours. Pilot experience
             | is also logged as hours.
        
               | mattmaroon wrote:
               | It's actually both, specifically because of that
               | incident. (Pretty much any time a commercial jetliner
               | crashes, a rule changes, and it's been that way for
               | decades.) There's an hour number and a cycle number for
               | many maintenances, and whichever comes first triggers the
               | maintenance. Hulls, however are rated for a max number of
               | cycles due to fatigue caused by the
               | pressurization/depressurization and that's the part of
               | the plane that cannot be replaced. So the plane usually
               | gets junked or shipped to a developing world airline due
               | to cycles.
        
         | sitharus wrote:
         | I recently flew on an A320neo and then an A320ceo a few days
         | later, both in similar cabin positions and the difference was
         | incredible. On the neo I could easily talk to the cabin crew
         | without raising my voice, the ceo felt like I was having to
         | shout.
         | 
         | I'm flying on an A380 in a few days, that will be interesting
         | experience after only flying long haul on 777s in the past few
         | years
        
         | bamboozled wrote:
         | Because of what ?
        
           | t0mas88 wrote:
           | Higher air pressure (lower cabin altitude) and higher
           | humidity. Both make passengers feel better.
        
         | mattmaroon wrote:
         | I assume you mean written off, and the answer is it's generally
         | not about how long, it's about how many "cycles". Plane
         | maintenance is usually required on a schedule based on how many
         | flight hours or cycles, and it's usually the cycles they hit
         | first. A cycle is a pressurization and de-pressurization of the
         | cabin. This is what eventually kills a jetliner, the hull will
         | fracture from the stress. The engines are designed to
         | rebuilt/replaced periodically. The hull cannot be reasonably
         | repaired once damaged.
         | 
         | Airliners are required to do different checks at different
         | stages, and the big one costs millions of dollars and requires
         | them to basically disassemble and rebuild the plane. They even
         | may have to remove the paint to check the hull for issues.
         | Industrialized nations generally will only do this a couple
         | times before the cost is more than the jet is worth (I think
         | this is generally around 20,000 cycles, depending on the plane)
         | then they sell them to a third world airline who doesn't have
         | as strict a regulatory scheme. Even then, they generally live
         | on for quite awhile, our regulatory scheme is designed to get
         | as close to zero risk as possible, not to be economical, and
         | it's hard to argue with the results. This is one of many
         | reasons why there are an order of magnitude more crashes in the
         | developing world, though even still safety is high relative to
         | almost anything other than first world commercial airlines.
        
       | t0mas88 wrote:
       | That headline sounds big, but "entire fleet" in this case is only
       | 12 planes. And those 12 are about half of Swiss' wide-body fleet.
       | 
       | That makes it a tiny airline in comparison to others. For example
       | Lufthansa group (which Swiss is a part of) has 98 wide-body
       | aircraft. Competing Air France group has 165. The US is similar,
       | Delta has 164. The Middle East is on another scale, Emirates has
       | 249...
       | 
       | Still a nice innovation, but as a headline "Lufthansa group tests
       | shark skin on 12 Boeing 777s" would be more realistic.
        
         | philjohn wrote:
         | Lufthansa are also rolling it out across their entire freight
         | fleet.
        
           | t0mas88 wrote:
           | Which is also only 11 wide body aircraft :-)
        
             | alchemist1e9 wrote:
             | I guess Lufthansa is now a fairly small airline then? Years
             | ago it was a big one. Of course I can remember flying Pan
             | Am so doesn't mean much.
        
       | ilrwbwrkhv wrote:
       | I'm not flying on Boeing. I make sure I fly only on Airbus.
        
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       (page generated 2024-05-18 23:01 UTC)