[HN Gopher] Roman Tyrian purple snail dye found in UK for first ...
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       Roman Tyrian purple snail dye found in UK for first time
        
       Author : bookofjoe
       Score  : 187 points
       Date   : 2024-05-10 06:31 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | sublinear wrote:
       | > The chunk of Tyrian purple, roughly the size of a ping pong
       | ball, was dug up at Carlisle Cricket Club as part of ongoing
       | yearly excavations.
       | 
       | Is anyone surprised how geographically stable these kinds of
       | gathering places are?
        
         | gostsamo wrote:
         | How often do you find roman baths in cricket clubs?
        
           | debesyla wrote:
           | I think OP meant social gathering places?
        
           | sublinear wrote:
           | I don't really know, hence my comment
        
           | olddustytrail wrote:
           | I suppose you could tell from how many ducks there are...
        
         | jl6 wrote:
         | Carlisle has been a continuously occupied town since before the
         | Romans, and continuously since. I don't think it's too
         | surprising that we find Roman things underneath modern things
         | (in fact I strongly suspect that we have yet to discover most
         | Roman things because they lie under modern structures that are
         | difficult/controversial to excavate).
        
         | jdietrich wrote:
         | The river Eden is prone to flooding, creating a natural
         | separation between Carlisle on the south bank and Stanwix on
         | the north. In between, there's a lot of land that is
         | conveniently located, but unsuitable for either intensive
         | development or arable farming. There's the cricket club on this
         | land, but also several parks, public gardens and other sports
         | clubs.
         | 
         | When the baths were in use, there were also two separate
         | settlements - the milecastle on the north bank forming part of
         | the defensive line of Hadrian's Wall, and the civilian
         | settlement of Luguvalium on the well-protected south bank.
         | Being directly adjacent to the Eden bridge, the site would have
         | been convenient for both settlements.
         | 
         | https://www.google.co.uk/maps/place/Roman+Archaeological+sit...
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindy_effect
        
       | logikblok wrote:
       | Additionally from the article > Semi-precious gems, which had
       | probably fallen out of rings after the bathhouse steam loosen
       | their glue settings, were recovered from drains at the site
       | 
       | To think about the frustration the original owner might have felt
       | when those were lost and now they're found all these years later
       | for us to study and learn from.
        
         | boffinAudio wrote:
         | What amazes me is the idea that at some point, a human being
         | took their last look at the artwork of their gemstone jewellry,
         | and then .. some thousands of years later, here we are gazing
         | into the same nooks and crannies in wonder at the skills of the
         | artist. One wonders, will some AI archeologist in the future,
         | be digging through a cacaphonic digital noise, find some long-
         | forgotten iCloud backup, and wonder at the collection of garden
         | pictures I've left behind ..
        
           | 48864w6ui wrote:
           | It used to be standard practice, at the end of a year, to cut
           | all the ads out of that year's issues and bind them in a
           | single hardback volume.
           | 
           | Now historians realize that often the ads may be more
           | interesting than the articles.
        
             | bcraven wrote:
             | Sorry, standard practice by whom, and issues of what?
        
               | 0xEF wrote:
               | I think the other reply is referring to folks who collect
               | and sell old magazines. I can only speak from second-hand
               | experience, though, as I knew a person who used to do
               | this. When eBay was just getting started, she was
               | collecting old magazines and trimming the ads from them,
               | then selling them as a lower bulk collection (she also
               | took jeans with holes in them, patched them with colorful
               | fabric and resold them on early eBay but different
               | story).
               | 
               | I don't know why this was a thing, but I remember her
               | telling me she got the idea from a local library that
               | preserved its periodicals, so maybe it started at
               | libraries. Personally, were I to collect magazines, I
               | would want the ads intact. Not because I love adverts
               | (quite the opposite, actually), but my collector brain's
               | notion of preserving a thing in its original state is at
               | odds with the idea of removing the ads.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | In libraries we don't get the ads cut out. But yeah most
               | of the physical periodicals will be bound in yearly
               | volumes. Much easier to deal with. It's disappearing now
               | though, with most periodicals only being published
               | digitally.
        
               | RobotToaster wrote:
               | I assume he means things like the Strand Magazine, that
               | Sherlock Holmes was first published in, it's not unusual
               | to find copies bound into hardback books like that.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | I remember reading Scientific American magazines in my
             | local library in the third world as a kid.
             | 
             | I was blown away by the ads.
             | 
             | From useless gadgets that will probably be fun for an hour
             | or two only to very expensive ones aimed at people with
             | clearly a ton of disposable income.
             | 
             | Lawnmowers you can ride on?! A thing just to detect rings
             | in the sand? How rich _are_ these people? A watch that sets
             | itself to an atomic clock? An astronaut pen that writes
             | _underwater_? Telescopes _in your back yard_?!
             | 
             | The sheer volume and variety of ads told me that the
             | economy of that place was in a totally different league
             | from my own.
        
         | yard2010 wrote:
         | I wonder what kind of entity will find my lost necklace 2000
         | years from now and what would it think about me.
         | 
         | It's such a shame we can re-live the past through history but
         | there is no way we can see the future.
         | 
         | It makes me think like in every moment of our lives we're on
         | the tip of the ice berg of humanity.
         | 
         | And we still end up being history anyway.
        
           | tetris11 wrote:
           | "...and lo, it was a neck-trinket used to bind people to a
           | specific suitor, here cast aside intentionally as an act of
           | defiance, a liberation of sorts, to free oneself from the
           | chains of monogamy..."
        
             | surfingdino wrote:
             | > the chains of monogamy
             | 
             | That's some serious pro Las Vegas marriage propaganda.
        
           | logrot wrote:
           | What will they think then they find the laser powered orifice
           | plug?
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | When in doubt, it any archeological find is thought to be a
             | religious item used in various ceremonial practices
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | There's a meme, about archeologists in the future, finding
           | still-viable Twinkies.
           | 
           | Then, we have Tallahassee, from _Zombieland_ :
           | 
           |  _> There 's a box of Twinkies in that grocery store. Not
           | just any box of Twinkies, the last box of Twinkies that
           | anyone will enjoy in the whole universe. Believe it or not,
           | Twinkies have an expiration date. Some day very soon, Life's
           | little Twinkie gauge is gonna go... empty._
        
       | mjamesaustin wrote:
       | I always find it fascinating how color by itself used to truly be
       | a status symbol, due to the rarity and challenge of making
       | natural dyes.
        
         | jl6 wrote:
         | A modern comparison might be a vantablack cloak.
        
           | Gud wrote:
           | Nobody will kill you for painting your car in vantablack
           | without the kings permission.
        
             | baq wrote:
             | Not the police and not vantablack, but don't try certain
             | football team colors on certain other teams' stadiums
        
             | yieldcrv wrote:
             | we should bring back sumptuary laws, can make it legal by
             | prohibiting the sale of some materials to nonaccredited
             | investors with the consequences of unlimited tax to the
             | business
             | 
             | circumvents freedom of expression by giving no consequences
             | to the individual if they someone procure the material
             | themselves
             | 
             | but leverages the unlimited right to regulate commerce and
             | unlimited right to tax
        
             | jdietrich wrote:
             | The proper Vantablack coatings are ITAR restricted
             | materials that require an export license, so the comparison
             | is really quite meaningful. You wouldn't be killed for
             | using it without the King's permission, but you could serve
             | time at His Majesty's pleasure for it.
             | 
             | https://www.surreynanosystems.com/purchasing
        
               | ipsum2 wrote:
               | Also it wouldn't stick to a cloak, it would most likely
               | rub off.
        
               | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
               | You could always get the much cheaper and easier to buy
               | Black 3.0 or 4.0
               | 
               | https://www.culturehustleusa.com/products/black-4-0
        
             | advisedwang wrote:
             | I wonder if future people will compare trademark law to
             | sumptuary laws. It being illegal to distribute fake Gucci
             | might be seen like that.
        
           | bookofjoe wrote:
           | OT: I named my calico cat Vanta because of the deep black
           | stripes on top of her head.
           | 
           | https://youtube.com/shorts/UzPPlEYX0NQ?si=m6EtgljZMb-iYM4e
        
         | mrob wrote:
         | Natural dyes are common. The main three in medieval Europe were
         | madder, weld, and woad:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubia_tinctorum
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reseda_luteola
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isatis_tinctoria
         | 
         | These give red, yellow, and blue respectively, which are the
         | primary colors of the traditional RYB subtractive color model:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RYB_color_model
         | 
         | However, RYB is a poor match for human vision. The better
         | subtractive primaries are cyan, magenta, and yellow. Mixing red
         | and blue produces a dull, desaturated purple even when you're
         | starting with saturated primaries, and the three main natural
         | dyes are not particularly saturated. Tyrian purple was esteemed
         | because it produced a visibly better purple than mixing woad
         | and madder, which makes a purplish brown. Likewise, crimson
         | from Kermes insects produces a visibly better red than madder:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kermes_(dye)
         | 
         | Poor people would still have colored clothing, because all
         | clothing was expensive hand-made clothing back then, so the
         | marginal cost of dying with the common plant dyes was
         | relatively small. But rich people could afford expensive dyes,
         | and afford multiple applications of the cheap dyes. In some
         | cases there were also sumptuary laws restricting use of
         | expensive dyes. Rich people's clothing would have looked far
         | more garish by our standards.
        
           | yard2010 wrote:
           | Funny to think that in 2000 years someone makes the same
           | statement only about a purple Porsche vs a purple Dacia
        
           | adrian_b wrote:
           | Besides visual attractiveness when fresh, the value of the
           | dyes also depended a lot on their lightfastness and water
           | resistance.
           | 
           | Many of the dyes used in antiquity degraded quickly, so the
           | clothes had to be dyed again periodically.
           | 
           | Tyrian purple was valued not only because it was hard to
           | obtain, but also because the clothes dyed with it kept their
           | color for a very long time. The next most resistant dye was
           | the blue from indigo or woad, then the red from beetles. The
           | other colors faded quickly.
        
         | yard2010 wrote:
         | Well, isn't it like a nice purple car or a cool looking NFT
         | with extra (or less?) steps?
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | > _[the] challenge of making natural dyes_
         | 
         | You could get legal cover for divorce if married to a worker in
         | the production of purple, from the rotting murex, given the
         | awful smell it gave... (Production is in general "costly", but
         | not always with similar legal sides.)
         | 
         | Remember that artistic pygments (so, for goods that also
         | involved <<status symbol>>) had traditionally been quite toxic
         | - using arsenic, lead... That was the available technology, and
         | it involved drawbacks and compromises.
         | 
         | Edit: sorry, not just artistic: people poisoned themselves just
         | to wear makeup. "Met Gala"s involved a drastic amount of
         | sacrifice.
        
         | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
         | As the article mentions, you had to crush _alot_ of snails to
         | get that dye.
         | 
         | The story goes that Roman senators would wear a purple stripe
         | across their toga as a symbol of their status. Julius Caesar,
         | not to be outdone, started wearing an all-purple toga. Which
         | then became the mark of the emperor.
        
           | corinroyal wrote:
           | Do not crush the snails. You poke them with a stick and they
           | spit dye onto your skein. Then put them back.
        
       | ronyfadel wrote:
       | I'm surprised the Phoenicians are not mentioned in the article,
       | as they're the first to use it, and Tyre was in Phoenicia.
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | Well, "Phoenician" itself is said to mean "purple" ("blood
         | reddish"), although some of us prefer the idea that it means
         | "carpenters" (coming from Egyptian "pheneku") - it makes more
         | sense in terms of an expression "the Canaanite carpenters [of
         | Tyre, Sidon, Byblos]" (all Canaanites, some of them in city
         | states of that "special" region and culture).
         | 
         | Or: "Phoenicia" is a culturally sound area (the producers of
         | lumber, dye etc., colonizers etc., in the Levantine coast) -
         | not a Statal entity. The term is thought to have meant "those
         | of the purple" or "those of the lumbers" within the Canaanites.
        
           | debatem1 wrote:
           | Huh, very interesting. Who is 'us' above, and do you have any
           | recommended reading on the Phoenician maybe-not-state?
        
             | mdp2021 wrote:
             | > _maybe-not-state_
             | 
             | Take into account that you had * populations, * statal
             | organizations, * empires. Chunks of populations could be
             | organized into statal organizations, which could easily
             | simply be city states. Their governments could be
             | independent or subjected to other powers. An empire is the
             | acquired power of an entity over statal organizations of
             | different populations - the first empire being that of
             | Sargon the Great of Akkad, ruling from -2334: he was ruler
             | of the Akkadians but also conquered the Sumerian city
             | states.
             | 
             | The whole history from Jericho (the first city, -10000) to,
             | say, the "classical" period of the Graeco-Persian conflict
             | (-490, -480) and Pericles in Athens (-461) is quite
             | interesting, showing "history-in-the-making", the emergence
             | of the patterns that will continue in later history and
             | that will have prepared it. But I cannot indicate a single
             | especially good source: I can only recommend the scattered
             | material you will find around - and which will already show
             | many inconsistencies, gaps, attempts, clashing of different
             | proposals.
        
             | tren wrote:
             | I read Phoenician Secrets: Exploring the Ancient
             | Mediterranean by Sanford Holst recently and found it
             | extremely interesting.
        
       | junto wrote:
       | Related HN post from 5 months ago links to another article that I
       | found fascinating about the quest to recreate it:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38513073
        
       | epolanski wrote:
       | OT but interesting fact.
       | 
       | The first evidence we have of purple or red shoes used for kings
       | is more than 3000 years old.
       | 
       | Etruscans (an ancient Italian population) used red shoes for
       | their kings[1], albeit its uncertain whether they could be purple
       | which is more likely. This habit then moved to the roman kings
       | and later the Roman emperors.
       | 
       | It is uncertain when it went from purple to red, but it's likely
       | a practical reason: when going outside you don't wear slippers
       | but leather boots, which were very easy to get in a red color,
       | purple? Not really. You can easily find purple used anywhere in
       | clothing, but not shoes.
       | 
       | And who else claims (or claimed) to be the heir of the Roman
       | empire other than the Pope?
       | 
       | The emperor of byzanthium [2], notice how he's the only one
       | depicted with red/purple shoes.
       | 
       | The German emperor [3].
       | 
       | The Tsars [4] (Tsar word comes from Caesar, same as Kaiser) too
       | claimed the inheritance of the Byzantine (and thus Roman) empires
       | after the Ottomans took the city.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.pope2you.net/wp-
       | content/uploads/2019/06/Etruscan...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/QytBnfnDoP8aDE-
       | rm3eYGbTYCpk=/...
       | 
       | [3] https://www.ancient-
       | origins.net/sites/default/files/field/im...
       | 
       | [4] https://www.mediastorehouse.com.au/p/731/tsar-boot-
       | antiquiti...
        
         | mr_toad wrote:
         | To be pedantic the Holy Roman Emperors claimed that title
         | _before_ Constantinople fell to Mehmed, which makes the claim
         | even less legitimate.
         | 
         | The Byzantine emperors carried on many Roman traditions,
         | including wearing purple. The imperial birth chambers were
         | decorated in purple (actually a purple stone), giving rise to
         | the term "born in the purple" to describe their legitimate
         | heirs, these days used to describe any old toff.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_in_the_purple
        
           | mrangle wrote:
           | >which makes the claim even less legitimate.
           | 
           | I'm not sure that follows. Who specifically "inherited" the
           | Right to Rule from Roman Empire was always more of a
           | political claim. The concept of "legitimacy" in this regard
           | is dubious. That said, the original Northwest European
           | territory of the Merovingians-Carolingians had a strong
           | political connection to Roman Imperial Rulership. Not to say
           | that this necessarily translated to "legitimate inheritance",
           | but arguably no territory outside of Byzantium had a stronger
           | historical political claim.
        
             | epolanski wrote:
             | In principal I agree, but Costantinople had a sounder
             | claim.
             | 
             | In 298 the emperor Diocleziano split the empire in two
             | different administrative parts, the western one, culturally
             | latin, and the eastern one, culturally greek.
             | 
             | The emperor Costantine I moved the capital from Rome to
             | Costantinople in the 320s, the city was called also New
             | Rome and the greek inhabitants of the eastern empire called
             | themselves "Romei", and the balkans have been called then
             | Rumelia a term that spread even further under the Ottomans.
             | Even today many turks use the term "Rumeli" for balkan
             | people (as Balkans is a term introduced two centuries ago
             | by a german geographer).
             | 
             | By the end of the 4th century the split was basically
             | complete and the latest Latin-born emperor of Byzanthium
             | was Giustiano in the 7th century.
             | 
             | I think that the history of the Eastern Roman Empire has
             | enough "de jure" claims for the inheritance.
             | 
             | This also connects to Russia.
             | 
             | By the fall of Costantinople in 1453 no country claimed to
             | inherit the throne of the eastern roman empire but Russia.
             | The Tsar Ivan III married the last granddaughter of the
             | last emperor (Constantine III) thus uniting the bloodlines.
             | The crown of the byzanthine empire was then given to the
             | Tsars as it was the last country in Europe of greek-
             | orthodox descendance (visible still today, both in
             | religion, culture and language) thus claiming to inherit
             | the throne of the roman emperors more than a thousand years
             | after.
             | 
             | I do absolutely agree with you about the legitimacy, I
             | don't think there's necessarily any nor I think it's
             | relevant, but I find this extremely interesting
             | nonetheless.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > In 298 the emperor Diocleziano split the empire
               | 
               | > The emperor Costantine I moved the capital
               | 
               | > and the latest Latin-born emperor of Byzant[]ium was
               | Giust[in]iano in the 7th century.
               | 
               | This is a surreal approach to the names of historical
               | figures. Diocleziano and Giustiniano are not their names
               | in English, the language you're speaking, nor are they
               | the actual names of the people. "Costantine" appears to
               | be a hybrid of the modern Italian name Costantino with
               | the English name Constantine, and analogously for
               | "Costantinople".
               | 
               | > the latest Latin-born emperor of Byzanthium
               | 
               | > The crown of the byzanthine empire
               | 
               | There is no H in Byzantium, the Greek original uses a tau
               | and not a theta, and the modern Italian noun and
               | adjective are _bisanzio_ and _bizantino_. I really can 't
               | figure out where you're getting this spelling.
               | 
               | > and the greek inhabitants of the eastern empire called
               | themselves "Romei"
               | 
               | That isn't Greek; surely they called themselves rhomaioi?
               | 
               | What's up with the Italian imperialism from "epolanski"?
        
               | vijayr02 wrote:
               | > What's up with the Italian imperialism from
               | "epolanski"?
               | 
               | I know, right? Almost as if he's _Roman_ Polanski
               | 
               | (I'll show myself out now)
        
               | mrangle wrote:
               | I appreciate the history. If we want to discuss actual
               | "inheritance" in a historical sense of the Classical civ
               | and initial expanded civ originated in the Republic,
               | rather than some type of lineal-political claim, than
               | where the decentralized or otherwise Parliamentarian
               | system of government again appears is the heir.
               | Certainly, the HRE is the start of that in Europe. Prior,
               | Frankish-Norman invader Kings sewed its seed in Britain.
               | Today, its largest and historically most powerful
               | manifestation is in the United States.
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | > thus uniting the bloodlines
               | 
               | There was bo bloodline though. Until quite late (much to
               | its detriment) the empire maintained some of its original
               | "republican" character and the emperors derived their
               | legitimacy from the will of God and the people rather
               | than inherited it (which resulted in endless civil wars).
               | Unlike in Europe in the medieval and the succeeding
               | periods your bloodline/dynasty was secondary to your
               | ability to take and hold power effectively making
               | emperors closer to modern dictators than kings in some
               | ways.
        
               | psunavy03 wrote:
               | This is one of many ways the Russian claim to be the
               | "Third Rome" is and was bullshit. The Eastern Roman
               | Empire ended in 1453 with the fall of Constantinople, and
               | it was the last polity with a credible claim to the
               | continuation of the Roman Empire of old.
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | You spelled Diocletian, Constantine, and Justinian
               | incorrectly.
        
           | ffgjgf1 wrote:
           | > which makes the claim even less legitimate
           | 
           | To be fair there was nothing unusual from the Roman
           | perspective about there being 2 emperors. Even during the
           | Byzantine period it was not particularly uncommon for heirs
           | to be crowned as "co-emperors". Despite effectively becoming
           | a monarchy the empire retained some "republican" traits with
           | the emperor reigning with the consent of God and the people
           | of Rome.
        
         | throwawaylolx wrote:
         | The emperor of "Byzantium" literally was the emperor of the
         | Roman empire; it was not merely a claim like in the other cases
         | but an administrative and historical fact. It is more accurate
         | to say that "the Byzantine Empire" not being the actual Roman
         | empire is merely a modern claim.
        
           | toyg wrote:
           | Well, technically it was one of two emperors.
        
             | epolanski wrote:
             | Yes and no as the emperor Constantine literally moved the
             | capital from Rome to Costantinople and Constantinople was
             | the capital of both empires for another few centuries till
             | the death of Giustiniano.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinople
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > The emperor of "Byzantium" literally was the emperor of the
           | Roman empire; it was not merely a claim like in the other
           | cases but an administrative and historical fact.
           | 
           | Not in any useful sense.
           | 
           | Cyrus the Great was literally the King of Sumer and Akkad.
           | Did he know where Akkad was?
           | 
           | Tsai Ing-wen is literally the President of China. You might
           | object that China doesn't even have a president, but the
           | administrative and historical facts are against you.
        
             | retrac wrote:
             | If the United States were invaded on the east coast, and
             | the invaders were stopped at the Mississippi, and the US
             | then carried on with its capital in Sacramento for the next
             | 1000 years, do you think the executive would no longer be
             | called the President of the United States just because the
             | US lost some of the states? (Credit to Dan Carlin for that
             | little thought experiment.)
             | 
             | The Byzantines called themselves Roman. They thought of
             | themselves as Roman. To them, the constitution of their
             | political order dated to 753 BC with the founding of Rome,
             | even after they lost Rome. It wasn't just a label. For
             | example, Latin remained is use in law in the empire, many
             | hundreds of years after they lost the west. Emperor
             | Heraclius around 610 AD would undertake a project to start
             | translating all the old Latin laws into Greek (even though
             | he may have spoke Latin himself natively). If nothing else,
             | the Roman self-identity is important for understanding how
             | they saw themselves in their own historiography.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | So you're fully on board with the idea that Tsai Ing-wen
               | is the President of China, and anyone who thinks they see
               | some important distinctions is just making a weird
               | mistake?
               | 
               | Neither your first paragraph nor your second one manages
               | to distinguish modern China from ancient Rome.
               | 
               | Calling yourself Roman won't make you Roman any more than
               | calling yourself Australian will make you Australian.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | I am working on some messy cdk code as I read this and
               | find myself breaking out in cold sweat :-)
        
               | sapphicsnail wrote:
               | If the ROC still controlled half of mainland China and
               | those regions were governed in pretty much the same way
               | as before the civil war and the rest of China was broken
               | up into tiny little kingdoms that didn't last very long
               | then yeah, it would make sense to think of them as China.
        
               | reaperman wrote:
               | Not even Tsai Ing-wen herself would claim that. Your
               | rhetoric is absurd, there are surely better tactics if
               | you wish to engage in rhetorical argument. Today's ROC
               | has a different view than their predecessors relating to
               | claims on Chinese mainland.
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | Constantinople was the center of the empire long before
               | Italy and Rome were lost (and the Byzantine empire
               | controlled the city of Rome itself until the 750s).
               | 
               | It's a bit like saying that Angles/English stopped being
               | "English" after they moved from northern Germany/Denmark
               | to the modern territory of Britain.
               | 
               | At least for several centuries the "Byzantine" Empire was
               | the Roman Empire and was undoubtedly recognized as such
               | both in the west and east.
        
               | anikom15 wrote:
               | Yes
        
               | ffgjgf1 wrote:
               | > them, the constitution of their political order dated
               | to 753 BC with the founding of Rome, even after they lost
               | Rome.
               | 
               | I'm not sure they were particularly bothered by that. The
               | late Roman/Byzantine empires was over everything the
               | universal "Christian Empire" and being a true Orthodox-
               | Catholic Christian basically became synonymous to being
               | Roman the pagan past prior to Constantine was mostly
               | ancient history by the middle ages and had limited if any
               | influence on their self-identity.
        
         | amenhotep wrote:
         | It's a bit weird to write that the Romans of Constantinople
         | "claimed" to be the "heirs" of the empire; as far as they were
         | concerned they simply were Romans and their empire was
         | obviously the same empire as Augustus', albeit with a change of
         | capital city and so on. And given that they _were_ Romans and
         | the Emperor of Rome _did_ become the Emperor of Constantinople,
         | you have to do some work to argue against them.
         | 
         | In particular, very unsurprising that they'd share continue to
         | like the same colours of shoes.
        
           | bigstrat2003 wrote:
           | It's not hard at all to refute the Byzantines' claims to
           | being the Roman empire. If your empire doesn't _include Rome_
           | , it cannot be the Roman empire. Similarly, Taiwan is not
           | China even though they are the continuation of the old
           | Chinese government.
        
             | sophacles wrote:
             | That's silly. The Roman empire could not have existed at
             | all, delusional people claimed roman citizenship but lived
             | far beyond the city limits. You can't be a citizen of a
             | place you've never been, so the whole thing is just dumb
             | and a myth.
             | 
             | I can't believe you buy into this absurd nonsense that
             | there could even be a Roman Empire without a megalopolis
             | covering much of Europe, North Africa and the Levant.
        
         | plugin-baby wrote:
         | > It is uncertain when it went from purple to red, but it's
         | likely a practical reason: when going outside you don't wear
         | slippers but leather boots, which were very easy to get in a
         | red color, purple? Not really. You can easily find purple used
         | anywhere in clothing, but not shoes.
         | 
         | Wasn't the point of regal colours that they were
         | scarce/expensive?
        
           | kadoban wrote:
           | Scarse is good, for regal, but they do have to actually
           | exist. Were there dyes that would work on leather at that
           | time and yield the desired color and not wash off in 3
           | seconds and look like crap?
        
         | wil421 wrote:
         | The snails produced red, purple, and a unique red/purple. It's
         | more likely they had the deep reddish purple.[1]
         | 
         | [1]https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrian_purple
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | Byzantium = Eastern roman empire. They referred to themselves
         | as Roman and in every way were Roman. Funny that we bifurcated
         | the empire nomenclature for our own classification.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | If it was actually true that in every way they were Roman, we
           | wouldn't have done that.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | > It is uncertain when it went from purple to red
         | 
         | The same dye produces a wide range of shades between purple and
         | red depending on how the cloth is treated/the amount used/the
         | aging of the piece. A shift in color could very much be a
         | gradual shift over time as styles/process change.
        
           | 1propionyl wrote:
           | This is also true of the dye obtained from the cochinilla
           | (cochineal) insect.
           | 
           | Adjust the acidity and you can get anything from mauve to
           | crimson. Soda ash and citrus juice were well known even three
           | thousand years ago.
           | 
           | Of course this was the dye of royalty halfway around the
           | world to the Zapotec people even before the Aztec conquered
           | them, but details, details.
        
       | yard2010 wrote:
       | I just found that video of someone from Tunis, Tunisia making
       | this after years of trial and error: https://youtu.be/IVXqisH6VeM
       | 
       | Found in the comments of the other post about this linked here
        
         | unfocused wrote:
         | This makes sense, because one of the more famous colonies that
         | the Phoenicians established was Carthage, which is modern day
         | Tunis. Since they had already invented creating purple back in
         | Phoenicia (modern day Lebanon), they simply brought over their
         | traditions/skills along.
         | 
         | I have a DVD from 2004 about them, as I did the National
         | Genographic Project DNA test way back before it was popular,
         | but I must admit, the DVD is so-so. I think afterwards, they
         | got more and more data, and were able to track where they
         | travelled to based on artifacts and DNA. Lots of websites about
         | them, but hard to say what is what. I would trust information
         | by Dr. Pierre Zalloua as he uses DNA analysis for his research
         | into the Phoenicians.
        
       | hilbert42 wrote:
       | What amazes me is that an organic dye of this nature is still
       | viable and recognizable after ~2000 years in the ground.
       | 
       | Seems to me this ought to spur on further research into the
       | chemical.
       | 
       | (Given its nature and the way I've seen it prepared these days
       | (on video, not in person) that it would have been much less
       | stable (many organic dyes are very unstable).
       | 
       | This stability also suggests it must have been rather stable in
       | use (togas dyed with it, etc.). Its stability would have made it
       | even more valuable than otherwise.
        
         | wil421 wrote:
         | Lots of things are stable if you bury them underground away
         | from oxygen and sunlight.
        
           | hilbert42 wrote:
           | No doubt, at some point, the chemistry of the surrounding
           | soil will be researched in depth and we'll know.
        
         | _xerces_ wrote:
         | Maybe the beeswax helped preserve it as intended.
        
           | hilbert42 wrote:
           | Likely so. Even so, I'm more curious than ever to know more
           | about its chemistry.
        
       | yawpitch wrote:
       | Interesting, but I just have to giggle at the fact that my
       | reading of the headline at first had me absolutely boggled by the
       | notion of the Romans dyeing snails Tyrian purple.
        
       | RobotToaster wrote:
       | > The chunk of Tyrian purple, roughly the size of a ping pong
       | ball
       | 
       | That stuff was worth more than it's weight in gold, someone must
       | have been pissed at losing that much of it.
        
       | corinroyal wrote:
       | There's some guy on Facebook crushing up snails for this color.
       | Don't do this. You just poke them with a stick and they spit dye
       | onto your skein at the beach. Then you put them back.
        
       | FredPret wrote:
       | Finally we can break Tyre's stranglehold on the colour purple
        
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