[HN Gopher] Microsoft PlayReady - Complete Client Identity Compr...
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       Microsoft PlayReady - Complete Client Identity Compromise
        
       Author : tithe
       Score  : 173 points
       Date   : 2024-05-09 13:53 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (seclists.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (seclists.org)
        
       | earth-adventure wrote:
       | So this is pretty much about breaking the client side DRM, with a
       | bad side effect of abusing someone else's Identity (as used
       | within the DRM context) for nefarious purposes. Did I understand
       | this correctly?
        
         | repelsteeltje wrote:
         | Yup.
         | 
         | Basically the means to forge an authenticated cookie.
         | 
         | [Update]
         | 
         | It's a bit more subtle: Having the keys to forge a license
         | request and decrypt server response allows you to emmulate or
         | re-implement a DRM client.
         | 
         | Because the server is oblivious to this fake, it will respond
         | as though it's taking to a genuine "secure" client thereby
         | ultimately exposing the content decryption key.
        
         | xurukefi wrote:
         | The "client" whose "identity" is abused here is not an end
         | user. A "client" in this context is a program or library that
         | talks to the license servers and receives the content
         | decryption keys. On my Windows machine I see a
         | "Windows.Media.Protection.PlayReady.dll", which I guess is the
         | client that they cracked. Maybe there are also other clients
         | that are widely accepted by license servers.
         | 
         | The attack essentially means that they could write a program
         | themselves that acts as
         | "Windows.Media.Protection.PlayReady.dll" to get decryption keys
         | from a server. What will happen now is that Microsoft will
         | deprecate the client and release a new one with new obfuscation
         | and new keys. The license servers will start rejecting the old
         | cracked client. And then people will crack the new client. And
         | the cycle continues.
        
           | nonrandomstring wrote:
           | > The "client" whose "identity" is abused here is not an end
           | user. A "client" in this context is a program or library that
           | talks to the license servers and receives
           | 
           | Thanks for the clarification.
           | 
           | Otherwise people would be worried about being targeted and
           | having "personal" keys tied to a financial account or online
           | identity getting sold and used by others to access arbitary
           | content.
           | 
           | This seems kinda good news for concerned users, but even
           | worse news for Microsoft.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | Does PlayReady now require a secure enclave/TPM on your PC?
           | Otherwise as you say, the only thing protecting the keys is
           | obfuscation. This has been the same way all the way back to
           | the first Microsoft DRMv1 in 1998 (?).
           | 
           | The decryption keys have to be stored on your device so you
           | can play your media or your game. So, the level of encryption
           | is totally moot. The level of obfuscation is all that really
           | protects the content.
        
             | xurukefi wrote:
             | With PlayReady, as with any other DRM scheme really, there
             | are different tiers. There is SL2000, which is done
             | completely in software (whitebox crypto), and there is
             | SL3000, which does require a TEE. Which tier is requried
             | for which type of content is driven by streaming provider
             | or studio requirements. I think it is pretty common to
             | allow content up to 1080p to be used with whitebox crypto,
             | whereas 4k+ content will require hardware DRM.
        
       | zeta0134 wrote:
       | > In that context, this is vendor's responsibility to constantly
       | increase the bar and with the use of all available technological
       | means.
       | 
       | Or the vendor could just let me consume the content I paid for in
       | whatever player I like. Which is what happens anyway, as this
       | sort of DRM is always breakable. If the media consumer can view
       | the content at all, they can simply record that output and re-
       | encode in a more convenient storage format.
        
         | repelsteeltje wrote:
         | Yes, there is always the analogue loophole. And opening
         | cryptography toolbox to control _how_ users consume content is
         | a lost cause. Crypto can only protect contents from adversaries
         | that don 't have the key. But here the paying user _is_ the
         | adversary and the only way the DRM can paint the video on
         | screen is through that key.
         | 
         | So DRM boils down to security through obscurity. Turns out
         | obscurity is hard, expensive and never works very well.
        
       | Jerrrry wrote:
       | Given how horribly all major companies, MS most certainly
       | included, confuse authentication vs. authorization, this is
       | almost certainly able to be paired with a 'vulnerable' (all)
       | endpoint to retrieve/post/update player information.
       | 
       | The horizontal pivot from DRM/crypto-managed Identity to a
       | session token, an unassumingly-kosher redirect, or just omitting
       | the "AUTHENTICATION" header itself is a trivial exercise for the
       | common script kiddie.
       | 
       | This is how exploit chains get a foot-hold, and "secure" accounts
       | get compromised like it was 2010 again.
        
         | nonrandomstring wrote:
         | And it paints an even bigger target on domestic Windows
         | machines used for media content.
         | 
         | Who wants to "steal" their _own_ keys?
         | 
         | Microsoft's broken DRM scheme creates objects of value which it
         | then tries to store on the client's machine deliberately beyond
         | the owners control and security management. It is adversarial
         | to the user. This is clearly a no-win situation... hence the
         | snarky sign-off about vendors "raising the bar", basically
         | saying; Good luck with that! It really seems quite unhinged.
         | 
         | So now there is collateral damage:                 - A motive
         | to hack Windows machines to steal content keys.            - A
         | misuse of "identities" through a market in stolen keys
         | - Pivots (as parent says) to other malware vectors
         | 
         | So, predictably, because of DRM, Microsoft Windows is now an
         | even more dangerous and insecure system. Why do people persist
         | chasing this unnecessary, pathologically involuted
         | technological misadventure? Surely "controlling and monitoring
         | peoples content" is not a hill worth dying on?
        
           | Jerrrry wrote:
           | I'd agree, but licensed content can be revoked - MS is pretty
           | good at publishing digests of "known-compromised"
           | ID's/Serials/Private Keys.
           | 
           | I'd be more concerned about any other, more important facets
           | of a user's account/assets/property that assumes the DRM is
           | secure, and leans on that.
        
         | amaccuish wrote:
         | I don't understand a word you've said.
        
           | Jerrrry wrote:
           | Find an endpoint that checks the validity of the DRM token
           | they have broken.
           | 
           | See if that endpoint just hinges on that DRM token, since its
           | crypto-secure, why check any other fields?
           | 
           | Spoof other fields.
           | 
           | 10k+ 0-day exploit.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Is there any video DRM scheme which successfully protects video
       | content appearing on the pirate bay within 24 hours?
       | 
       | I really don't see why so many millions (billions?) of dollars
       | have been spent on technologies which so far have never kept the
       | bad guys out.
        
         | makin wrote:
         | Denuvo mostly works. Allegedly they have a custom approach to
         | each new game, so cracks can take months to appear, with some
         | unpopular games never having been cracked at all. The price is
         | lowered performance, of course.
        
           | free_bip wrote:
           | That's a video game DRM scheme, not a video DRM scheme
        
           | ParetoOptimal wrote:
           | > Denuvo mostly works.
           | 
           | Not for users: https://gamerant.com/denuvo-outage-servers-
           | down-persona-5-ro...
           | 
           | > Allegedly they have a custom approach to each new game, so
           | cracks can take months to appear, with some unpopular games
           | never having been cracked at all
           | 
           | From what I hear, it's cracked in a matter of days or weeks.
           | I haven't checked whether this is true or not, so I can't say
           | you are wrong about some (most?) cracks taking months.
        
             | crtasm wrote:
             | Looking at the previous two years of uncracked Denuvo and
             | only selecting games that seem notable:
             | Dragon's Dogma 2 (2024)         Like a Dragon: Infinite
             | Wealth (2024)         Suicide Squad: Kill the Justice
             | League (2024)         Street Fighter 6 (2023)         Hi-Fi
             | Rush (2023)         Dead Space (2023)         Star Wars
             | Jedi: Survivor (2023)         Persona 5 Tactica (2023)
             | EA Sports FC 24 (2023)         NBA 2K24 (2023)
             | Assassin's Creed Mirage (2023)         Atomic Heart (2023)
             | Lost Judgment (2022)         Sonic Frontiers (2022)
             | Sonic Origins (2022)         Persona 4 Arena Ultimax (2022)
             | Persona 5 Royal (2022)         Sniper Elite 5 (2022)
             | Marvel's Midnight Suns (2022)         Total War: Warhammer
             | III (2022)
             | 
             | Going back further there's more high profile games that
             | were never cracked. The system seems to work as intended in
             | some cases.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | Some of the games you mention were already cracked but
               | not by the scene.
        
               | crtasm wrote:
               | Which ones? My list has nothing to do with scene or
               | otherwise.
        
               | kyriakos wrote:
               | Many denuvo games are eventually released without denuvo
               | and are then instantly pirated. Looks like the cost of
               | denuvo is high enough for game publishers to stick to it
               | just enough to reach profitability and then ditch it.
        
           | lossolo wrote:
           | > Allegedly they have a custom approach to each new game, so
           | cracks can take months to appear
           | 
           | It's because it's tedious to crack it, it's not really a
           | rocket science, they just generate new VM for the binary so
           | you can't automate it, they inject A LOT of code paths which
           | you need to manually follow and change. That's the only
           | reason why games stay uncracked for months. It's a war of
           | attrition.
           | 
           | > with some unpopular games never having been cracked at all
           | 
           | That's not exactly true actually, you need to pay for Denuvo
           | license every year, that's why after some months or a few
           | years it's removed from most of the games.
        
         | jsheard wrote:
         | 4K streaming content is hit or miss because most services lock
         | that behind Widevine L1, which requires implementors to use a
         | secure enclave and the entire signal path to use strong
         | encryption. If an L1 implementation gets compromised it quickly
         | has its keys revoked and is downgraded to L2/L3, so piracy
         | groups have a limited time window to dump as much 4K content as
         | possible. Those lower Winevines tiers are permanently broken
         | though so everything is immediately available in at least
         | 1080p.
         | 
         | 4K Blurays are currently always ripped due to an unfixable
         | compromise in Intel SGX allowing PowerDVDs keys to be
         | extracted, they could close that hole by revoking PowerDVDs
         | keys for new Bluray releases but they haven't done that yet. I
         | imagine they will at some point because PowerDVD _requires_ SGX
         | to play UHDs, and Intel stopped supporting that on newer
         | consumer hardware, so 4K Bluray playback on PCs is effectively
         | being phased out.
        
           | ricktdotorg wrote:
           | ^^^ great comment. hard to imagine a better synposis of 4k
           | DRM in ~2 grafs. thanks!
        
             | gorkish wrote:
             | Not mentioned above, but should be noted that all of this
             | DRM is still only protecting the compressed and encoded
             | video content. Schemes to protect the uncompressed digital
             | video data are all permanently and universally broken or
             | bypassed. The 'analog hole' has gone fully digital. One
             | would think that alone would be enough to seal the deal on
             | the pointlessness of DRM, but unfortunately there are a lot
             | of gullible execs out there that want to keep pouring money
             | on the fire.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | As long as it stops even 100,000 people from not
               | downloading videos off of Netflix, from an executive's
               | perspective, it pays for itself.
               | 
               | To them, it's like saying Speed Limit signs are useless,
               | because cars can go faster than the number posted by
               | literally pressing a button. That's not the point.
        
               | gorkish wrote:
               | If you take the capitalistic lust of the corporate
               | executive to its logical extreme, given the massive costs
               | of the DRM tech you'd think that at least one of them
               | would realize that they could make more money if they
               | didn't have to pay for something that doesn't work. The
               | economics of distributing the copies are such that it
               | doesn't actually matter if it's easy or hard for 1 or
               | 100,000 people to break the protection.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | I can get DRM, right now, for my videos, with 500,000
               | plays for $1665. That's publicly available, commercial
               | pricing. That's a third of a cent per play. At Netflix
               | scale, it's probably cheaper.
               | 
               | DRM is a drop in the bucket compared to normal costs. A
               | Netflix subscription is, what, $10? That's enough to pay
               | for 3,300 encrypted plays. The same provider, if I was
               | doing over 10,000,000 plays, will drop it to just under
               | one tenth of a cent per play, enough for over 10,000
               | encrypted plays. Compare that with how much the internet
               | bandwidth, storage, and distribution costs - and the DRM
               | is a rounding error.
               | 
               | You're seriously telling me that not even one out of
               | 10,000 plays is going to attempt a serious theft, to
               | share it with random friends and family? Hah, it's
               | probably closer to 5 in 100.
               | 
               | Believe me - I'm not a guy who defines himself by living
               | in a Hacker News bubble where everything needs to be
               | perfect to be effective. I'd have DRM yesterday if I ran
               | a streaming service, just like my copyright filings and
               | the deadbolt on my front door.
        
               | temac wrote:
               | Sharing with friend and family is not "serious theft". It
               | is benevolent and what people do with books and DVD,
               | without industry people becoming insane about.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | I meant sending copies; where the next thing you know one
               | purchased copy becomes thirty people holding copies.
        
               | repelsteeltje wrote:
               | I agree, DRM has significant costs.
               | 
               | Consider you've encoded and packaged your mezzanine into
               | ABR (dash, HLS) and it's working on phones, browsers,
               | smart TVs, STBs etc. Now you add common encryption:
               | repackage and get double the number of tracks (CENC as
               | well as CBCS). You buy your licenses from Apple
               | (Fairplay), Google (Widevine), Microsoft (Playready) and
               | Marlin (old crap). What used to "just work" now has all
               | kinds of subtle interop problems.
               | 
               | Audio sync issues on iPad? Ah, Apple pushed a bad
               | firmware update, thank you. Tomorrow it's users
               | complaining about Widevine in Firefox. Only Netflix,
               | maybe Disney+ -- the biggest of the biggest can do
               | streaming with DRM _and_ make a profit.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | I think DRM works fine for the actual customers, the
               | companies that are distributing video who need to
               | convince the movie producers that they are taking it all
               | very seriously, so they need to check some "our platform
               | uses DRM" box. It all looks very odd from us downstream.
               | But, still, most people don't break DRM so it must be
               | doing something.
               | 
               | For a long time the industry worked by shipping movies
               | off the theaters, to be run in projection room secured by
               | kids doing after-school jobs. I think they aren't
               | concerned with perfection.
        
               | bobdvb wrote:
               | I work for a large streaming service and a significant
               | part of my work is content protection.
               | 
               | Honestly, tech folks misunderstanding of DRM and content
               | protection is significant. There's some assumption that
               | people are inherently honest and that we're just money
               | grabbing. In the years that I've been doing this I've
               | seen a lot of things and nothing has convinced me that if
               | we turned off DRM we'd: 1) save money 2) not have issues
               | with piracy proliferation
               | 
               | The cost of DRM license issuing for our company is
               | relatively insignificant, a year's worth of DRM for
               | millions of users is less than the cost of a single show
               | we might make. We pay cents per thousands of plays.
               | 
               | I recall we launched in a new market, we did a show which
               | would have been an expensive PPV previously, but it was
               | included in our standard subscription. We also offered a
               | first month free trial, which you could cancel. So, you
               | could enjoy it at zero cost, from the original provider
               | in high quality, with no commitment. That night our anti-
               | piracy team took down 20,000+ illegal streams, serving a
               | large audience.
               | 
               | I also acutely know that DRM isn't as secure as we'd
               | like, I know that all security measures are ultimately
               | not anywhere near perfect. But you know what? I also lock
               | my front door, even though I know how to pick locks. I
               | put my car keys in a RFID box, despite knowing there are
               | probably CAN attacks against my car. I still need to
               | protect my assets, because enough people don't want to
               | pay for something if they can get it for free.
               | 
               | We had some research into the attitudes of pirates that
               | basically distils down to: 1) 1/3rd would pay if they
               | couldn't get the content any other way 2) 1/3rd don't
               | care enough and are casual pirates, watching because they
               | can. 3) 1/3rd are "pay never", militant, yet still happy
               | to take my work without concern for the sustainability of
               | that.
               | 
               | Ultimately, if you like content then you should pay for
               | it, but it's always a waste of time arguing about this on
               | the internet because so many people are in the third
               | category, think I'm an asshole for doing my job and
               | apparently they know my job better than I do.
        
               | HeatrayEnjoyer wrote:
               | That's all beside the point. Hardware belongs to the user
               | and should be under the user's control. Treacherous
               | computing should be highly taboo and illegal.
               | 
               | The "sustainability" of Disney's profits are not
               | important. To suggest otherwise on a site literally named
               | Hacker News is comical.
        
               | eklavya wrote:
               | Why would bringing up sustainability of any business be
               | comical at Hacker news?
               | 
               | How do you make money? Why should it not be for free?
               | Your sustainability is important?
               | 
               | We agree on hardware belonging to the user by the way.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | Hacker ethos is about freedom to control what you own and
               | put it to the purposes that you, its owner, want. DRM
               | takes away that freedom, so it is obviously incompatible.
               | 
               | If that freedom makes e.g. Disney business model
               | unsustainable, then that business model is itself
               | incompatible with the ethos.
        
               | gorkish wrote:
               | I'm gonna be extremely blunt given that I have you in my
               | audience, large streaming media worker bee: It's not
               | surprising in the slightest that you have a bias towards
               | the effectiveness of DRM when your livelihood depends on
               | it. The fact that the unit-cost is "relatively
               | insignificant" is simply a continuation of the straw man
               | argument that props up the entire notion that DRM is
               | somehow cost effective. I don't personally think you are
               | a jerk or anything for working your job, but I can say
               | that I would not personally find it fulfilling to spend
               | my own career on something with such diminishing returns.
               | I guess all of those insignificant expenses add up to
               | some good money in the end, at least in someone's
               | opinion. The incentive to continue burying the failed
               | promises of DRM and keep it propped up as long as
               | possible is evident though; the story really hasn't
               | changed in the 30 years or so that I've been following
               | it.
               | 
               | The lack of a "save video" button in the player app is
               | the most effective means to prevent the average person
               | from distributing the content. By your "lock on the door"
               | analogy, a UI that does not allow the thing you don't
               | want your users doing is providing more or less
               | equivalent protection to the DRM. It doesn't matter how
               | many locks you put on your door if all the attacker needs
               | to get what they want is to look through the window. Why
               | continue to invest in the additional technology if it is
               | not actually adding significant additional protection? By
               | the time any user presents a willingness to do _anything
               | at all_ to circumvent your standard software interface,
               | you have lost; the user will succeed. Plugging in a $30
               | recorder and pushing the button is all it takes, and all
               | the sweet cutting edge secure enclave crypto quantum DRM
               | in the world cannot prevent it. How many of those 20k
               | illegal streams you cite even bothered to break the
               | precious DRM? My guess is zero.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Right, as though extensions for downloading videos
               | haven't been Top 10 most installed on all major browsers
               | for over a decade.
        
               | jorams wrote:
               | The argument from the other side is at least as
               | frustrating.
               | 
               | > ...nothing has convinced me that if we turned off DRM
               | we'd: 1) save money 2) not have issues with piracy
               | proliferation
               | 
               | > That night our anti-piracy team took down 20,000+
               | illegal streams
               | 
               | You already have enormous issues with piracy
               | proliferation. The money you spend on DRM may be
               | "relatively insignificant", but it's still money being
               | wasted on "protection" that has already proven to be
               | utterly ineffective.
               | 
               | I am in neither of your three groups. I _want_ to pay for
               | content. I pay for a lot of music, for example. But you
               | 're not going to bully me into paying for your shit by
               | making it as user hostile as possible. As a paying
               | customer I expect at least the level of service that
               | piracy groups have no trouble providing, but instead I'm
               | treated like an enemy every step of the way.
               | 
               | In practice this means I avoid TV shows and movies, but
               | when I do want to watch one I have absolutely zero moral
               | qualms pirating a product that is not for sale. I'll even
               | go out of my way to look for a DRM-free copy I can pay
               | for first. This takes more time than pirating it once I
               | inevitably find out that's not available.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | > already proven to be utterly ineffective
               | 
               | The fact that it does not always work, is in no way a
               | proof of ineffectiveness.
               | 
               | Otherwise, the tax system, speed limit signs, front door
               | locks, and glass windows are also "completely
               | ineffective."
               | 
               | He is literally telling you, from his own experience in
               | his company, it's effective. Don't cite a sloppily-
               | produced research paper from somewhere to make him deny
               | reality.
        
               | jorams wrote:
               | > Don't cite a sloppily-produced research paper
               | 
               | I'm not, I'm citing their own comment in which they
               | describe taking down 20,000+ illegal streams of their
               | already DRM-"protected" content _on launch day_. He 's
               | describing it not being effective at all.
               | 
               | Glass windows, speed limit signs, the tax system (what?)
               | provide value to the people affected by them. DRM is a
               | pure negative for customers.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | You're assuming it would not have been 100,000 without
               | the DRM. You cannot prove, or cite any research, showing
               | it would not have been much worse. In which case, it
               | could indeed be quite effective.
        
               | jorams wrote:
               | Indeed I can't, just like you cannot prove, or cite any
               | research, showing it wouldn't have been 1,000 if the
               | content was accessible without arbitrary artificial
               | restrictions on the devices consuming it.
               | 
               | By all means keep taking down illegal streams. I'm not
               | excusing the people providing them. I'm saying maybe stop
               | treating every paying customer as if they're going to do
               | that to the detriment of the service provided. Because it
               | _is_ negatively affecting the service.
        
               | pmontra wrote:
               | I understand your points and I wish you all the best with
               | your job. But please tell your bosses to let me buy
               | single episodes of the series I like or every movie in
               | history. No monthly subscriptions. I stay months without
               | watching anything, then maybe two or three series at
               | once, one episode per week each. The industry business
               | model doesn't fit my habits.
        
               | qingcharles wrote:
               | I used to be the chief DRM guy at another large streaming
               | service.
               | 
               | I can say 100% that the company did not want DRM as it
               | was unreliable and customer-unfriendly, but it was the
               | rights-holders that were badly educated and informed and
               | would demand it in their contracts. I would suspect that
               | is the case at a lot of other streamers too?
               | 
               | (the cost of the DRM was near-zero at our company)
        
               | xyzzy123 wrote:
               | Yes if a particular group gets to externalise / socialise
               | the costs of maintaining a protection then obviously from
               | the perspective of the protected group then it's worth
               | it.
               | 
               | The question is, is it good for society overall. Who or
               | what is being protected and what impact does that have on
               | everyone else?
               | 
               | Speed limit / stop signs represent a decent point of
               | discussion I think.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | Speed limit signals danger, right?
               | 
               | Does DRM signal an ethical dilemma?
               | 
               | And if yes, what does it mean considering that each year
               | we lose millions of people on the roads. (To fatalities
               | and horrific injuries resulting in permanent
               | disabilities.) Yet the majority doesn't care?
        
               | sureIy wrote:
               | > The question is, is it good for society overall.
               | 
               | That's not what execs ask at all. I don't know where
               | you're living. The existence of DRM is not in any way
               | related to society.
               | 
               | Their analysts say it's a net positive on their balance
               | sheets, so DRM is here. Everything else is baseless
               | speculation.
        
               | dialup_sounds wrote:
               | There is no "particular group" or "everyone else".
               | Everyone has rights over their own creative work, even if
               | that's mildly inconvenient to others. It's part of the
               | social contract of modern society.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | The people who profit from all this are mostly not those
               | who can claim that it is _their own_ creative work.
        
           | panzi wrote:
           | > so everything is immediately available in at least 1080p.
           | 
           | Aren't the lower tiers only 720p? At least all the streaming
           | services give Linux users only 720p. (There is a workaround
           | for one particular service to still get 1080p - I'm paying
           | for it so I better can watch it in 1080p! The moment this
           | stops working I cancel my subscription.)
        
             | SSLy wrote:
             | L3 can do FHD on Linux but it's the services config that
             | prevents that.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | Why do they do that?
        
               | daveoc64 wrote:
               | The lower levels of Widevine protection are weaker, so
               | the content providers like Netflix only allow playback in
               | standard definition or 720p at those levels.
               | 
               | They don't want the highest quality to be available on
               | devices where the DRM can easily be broken.
        
               | SSLy wrote:
               | >They don't want the highest quality to be available on
               | devices where the DRM can easily be broken.
               | 
               | they don't want to admit you can get L3 keymaterial from
               | androids super easily. They just are obnoxious assholes.
        
             | jsheard wrote:
             | There's three Winevine tiers, L1, L2 and L3, which
             | generally correspond to 4K, 1080p and 720p respectively
             | though it depends on the service. L3 is what you get on
             | Linux. L2 is supposed to be more secure than L3 but AFAICT
             | it makes little difference to piracy groups, L1 is the only
             | actual roadblock for them.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | Why are Linux users limited to L3?
        
               | jsheard wrote:
               | Because it doesn't meet the requirements for L2. I think
               | L2 implementations are required to block software screen
               | recording, for example, and there isn't really any
               | practical way to enforce that on an open platform.
               | Windows/Android/iOS have special support for compositing
               | protected content so if you try to read the framebuffer
               | back the content just shows up as a black rectangle.
        
               | Mindwipe wrote:
               | L1/L2 requires a third party who could be liable to sign
               | that the drivers are unmodified to the hardware.
               | 
               | On a general purpose Linux installation who would do
               | that?
               | 
               | (And who in the Linux using community wouldn't take any
               | efforts by someone to try as an afront, bluntly).
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Also there aren't really enough of us watching videos on
               | Linux for it to be a worthwhile market for them to
               | address, I think.
        
               | panzi wrote:
               | DRM only really works if you're not root on your own
               | machine, and with Linux you're always root on your own
               | machine. Quite frankly I think DRM (the normalization of
               | rootkits) is dangerous.
        
             | lldb wrote:
             | So it turns out chrome os ships with a shared library to
             | support L2 (since it's entirely in software). There's a
             | patch to get it working on other Linux distributions.
        
           | h4x0rr wrote:
           | Couldn't scene groups just keep the exploits for decrypting
           | streams for themselves? Is there any way for
           | Netflix/Widevine/PlayReady to detect this?
        
             | jsheard wrote:
             | I don't know the technical details but Winevine claims to
             | have a system for watermarking content, which may allow
             | them to trace the origin of ripped content back to the set
             | of keys which decrypted it so they can be revoked.
             | 
             | https://www.digimarc.com/resources/widevine-announces-
             | digita...
        
             | lossolo wrote:
             | There are no exploits for Widevine. The system operates by
             | requiring a key, which is obtained from the unsecure
             | hardware enclaves of some of the thousands of devices
             | whitelisted by Widevine. When you access and share publicly
             | 4K content, the keys for that specific device are
             | blacklisted, necessitating the purchase of a new device to
             | extract a new key.
        
           | devrand wrote:
           | It does seem like Netflix has been doing a decent cat-and-
           | mouse game with Widevine for anything over 540p the last few
           | months. There's been several shows that took several days to
           | get properly copied (i.e. not just screen recorded).
        
           | 486sx33 wrote:
           | "4K Bluray playback on PCs is effectively being phased out."
           | 
           | Which will only perpetuate and speed up the problem. 4K blu
           | ray discs suck on a lot of new tvs and players for frame rate
           | and detail so the best visual experience is going to be on
           | high dpi PCs (or Mac? Retina?)
           | 
           | If I can't play a 4K blu ray I purchased on my pc... I'm
           | going to probably download a ripped version and not feel
           | guilty about it since I purchased the disc ...
           | 
           | My M2 Pro can decode and play 4K without breaking a sweat and
           | with amazing battery life on VLC player
        
           | grishka wrote:
           | > the entire signal path to use strong encryption
           | 
           | But the display panel itself still receives an unencrypted
           | LVDS signal, which should not be too hard to decode. There
           | are (were?) also cheap HDMI splitters that conveniently strip
           | HDCP.
           | 
           | Your only issue is that yes, you can't get at the original
           | compressed video stream and have to reencode, possibly losing
           | a tiny bit of quality.
        
             | jsheard wrote:
             | That is true, but ripping content in that way is a much
             | bigger burden on piracy groups since it has to be done in
             | realtime, can't be done in parallel without multiple
             | expensive hardware rigs, and metadata like subtitles can't
             | be extracted automatically. Rips of streaming shows often
             | have a dozen or so subtitle tracks and nobody is going to
             | transcribe and re-time all that by hand if they can't
             | decrypt the stream directly.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Are subtitle tracks also encrypted? I've always had the
               | impression that only video itself is.
               | 
               | edit: But the subtitle tracks are also available on
               | software-only DRM levels that are easy to break.
        
               | jsheard wrote:
               | Actually now I think of it that doesn't matter since you
               | could just pull the subtitles from the weakly protected
               | 720p version then apply them to the higher resolution
               | versions. Ripping the 4K video through LVDS or HDMI
               | capture would still be annoying though.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Yep I realized that and edited my parent comment but you
               | beat me to it.
        
               | jsheard wrote:
               | Another complication for LVDS capture is that HDR content
               | is always tonemapped/filtered (OLED ABL etc) before it is
               | sent to the panel, and that processed version is what you
               | would get with LVDS capture. It might be usable, but it
               | would be a downgrade from other capture or decryption
               | methods which grab the unprocessed HDR video.
        
               | kuschku wrote:
               | With a $20 HDMI grabber you get 4K HDR video with full
               | Dolby Vision or HDR10 metadata, without any tonemapping
               | applied, en masse.
               | 
               | Combine that with some software mods to hide the UI at
               | all times and you've got a perfect recording.
               | 
               | Re-encoding is the slowest and most annoying part of this
               | process, but release groups re-encode everything anyway,
               | so that's not an issue either.
               | 
               | DRM only hurts the legitimate customers, no one else.
               | 
               | I'm subscribed to the highest tiers of Netflix, Disney+,
               | Prime Video, Paramount+, YouTube Premium,
               | CuriosityStream, Nebula and Zattoo.
               | 
               | Yet often enough, I have to rip media from bluray because
               | the streaming version only has audio or subtitles
               | available in the local language or the quality is subpar.
        
               | qingcharles wrote:
               | I don't know the burden is as big as you imagine. I used
               | to run a torrent site that was 99% recorded shows through
               | capture and we still had every single broadcast show
               | uploaded within minutes -- and no uploaders were getting
               | paid, they were just bored and doing it for the Internet
               | points.
               | 
               | edit: also to add, we would get employees at the studios
               | send us discs with the new shows before release, but I
               | had agreements with at least one studio to not allow
               | uploads until after broadcast if we received any of their
               | media
        
           | m4tu4g wrote:
           | To add more to this, not essentially 4K is the only thing
           | behind L1, even HD streams can be with L1.
           | 
           | It's entirely the services' choice to use what they want,
           | like they can even put SD stream behind L1 and leave 4K for
           | L3 (this happens widely in lesser known services & L2 is
           | hardly used). Also Amazon's 4K is different from Netflix's 4K
           | considering the key revocation TAT. So everything changes
           | from service to service.
        
           | int_19h wrote:
           | Not immediately; sometimes when they revoke the keys it can
           | take a few months for the likes of StreamFab and AnyStream to
           | catch up even with 1080p. E.g. StreamFab is currently stuck
           | on 480p for Netflix, and it has been like that since January.
        
         | miki123211 wrote:
         | The point is pressure on equipment manufacturers, making
         | borrowing and streaming work for digital content, maybe also
         | deterring casual piracy, not necessarily protecting videos from
         | appearing on tpb.
        
         | gwbas1c wrote:
         | > have never kept the bad guys out
         | 
         | Careful who you call the bad guys. A lot of "piracy" comes from
         | the people who spend the most money on the content they pirate.
         | 
         | I personally think the best DRM approaches are those that keep
         | "the honest people honest:" IE, metadata that identifies
         | copyright owners, flags that identify content that has
         | restrictions due to copyright, and casual protections. (Think
         | of a "do not enter" sign that you can choose to ignore if you
         | have reason to do so.)
         | 
         | Otherwise, DRM really only works when the people consuming the
         | content have motivation to keep it secret. (IE, corporate and
         | military secrets.)
        
           | repelsteeltje wrote:
           | Funny thing is that most streaming platforms _only_ have DRM
           | because content owners pressure them. It 's expensive and a
           | huge hassle to get right.
           | 
           | While indeed DRM barely contributes in fighting
           | redistribution over Pirate Bay, it _does_ prevent stream
           | sharing. Ie.: the platform saves a lot of CDN bandwidth by
           | forcing that onto torrents.
        
             | watermelon0 wrote:
             | I think this is not entirely true, because HBO and Netflix
             | have DRM on their own shows.
        
           | andsoitis wrote:
           | > A lot of "piracy" comes from the people who spend the most
           | money on the content they pirate.
           | 
           | That doesn't strike me as a valid statistic. Where are you
           | getting that data from?
        
             | ParetoOptimal wrote:
             | > That doesn't strike me as a valid statistic. Where are
             | you getting that data from?
             | 
             | I'm going to assume they are trying to say in other forms
             | of support like word of mouth marketing, user created
             | content, or purchases in other areas such as video game
             | merchandise for instance?=
        
             | repelsteeltje wrote:
             | I think he alludes to "lore" more than statistic. In the
             | CD/DVD age anti-piracy measure like region locks, DRM, but
             | also annoying banners you could not skip would often make
             | consuming the media with a regular CD or DVD player so
             | cumbersome, that you were almost forced into ripping the
             | media onto a hard disk first and consuming the media with
             | VLC or similar.
             | 
             | The inability to just consume media using official device
             | to on rented or purchased disks encouraged ripping, sharing
             | and downloading.
        
               | amargulies wrote:
               | There are in fact studies that show people that pirate
               | tend to spend the most on legal content. See every study
               | listed here for example:
               | https://www.vice.com/en/article/evkmz7/study-again-shows-
               | pir...
        
             | amargulies wrote:
             | Simple example: My wife wants to consume certain
             | Austrian/German content in Canada which are not available
             | on any streaming service here. The streaming services there
             | (Germany/Austria) do not support Canada. She was gifted
             | DVDs of them, but that means she can't watch them on her
             | phone or tablet (or laptop without a usb dvd drive that's
             | region coded to Europe). Options are to:
             | 
             | - rip the DVDs (pain in the butt unless you have a specific
             | setup for doing it en-masse. Some shows end up with
             | episodes out of order, etc)
             | 
             | - download the shows
             | 
             | And this is when she's lucky enough the show/movie had a
             | DVD release.
             | 
             | Similar problems exist for local content that doesn't exist
             | on streaming sites altogether (bunch of things I grew up
             | watching that I'd like to revisit).
        
               | DarkUranium wrote:
               | Note that ripping DVDs is still piracy if said DVDs
               | contain DRM[1], at least in the US. I don't know about
               | CA, but I'd imagine it's similar, considering the state
               | of copyright ...
               | 
               | [1] Region locking is a form of DRM, and most DVDs at
               | least used to be region-locked. I don't know if that's
               | still common practice nowadays.
        
               | ThunderSizzle wrote:
               | In the US, it's only a legal violation if you try selling
               | it. For personal use, you can rip DVDs.
               | 
               | Granted, the media companies use civil lawsuits to also
               | make it feel illegal.
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | "Careful who you call the bad guys. A lot of "piracy" comes
           | from the people who spend the most money on the content they
           | pirate."
           | 
           | This is laughably, obviously false. Don't let the Reddit
           | bubble of all 300 people who do this, or the 1.2% of Yuzu
           | users who actually dumped their own keys, distort your
           | understanding of reality.
        
             | DarkUranium wrote:
             | https://www.vice.com/en/article/evkmz7/study-again-shows-
             | pir...
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | > or the 1.2% of Yuzu users who actually dumped their own
             | keys
             | 
             | As a Nintendo Switch owner, if my console died or I wanted
             | to play Zelda at 4K I would probably not go through the
             | hassle of dumping my own keys and rip the game myself if I
             | can download them on the internet in a more
             | convenient/quick way.
             | 
             | So there is probably a much larger fraction of users that
             | own their games legally but still use emulators.
             | 
             | Also as said somewhere else, the fact some people play
             | pirated games they would probably not even play if they
             | were not available that way is orthogonal to the fact they
             | may still be the highest spenders in games. Same applies to
             | movies/music/shows. People usually have a non infinitely
             | stretchable budget. A lot of piracy is opportunistic but
             | would not transfer in sales if prevented. When I was a
             | teenager/young adult I pirated a lot of stuff to try out.
             | My gaming/movie/CD budget was fixed anyway and I still
             | spent money on them but for the most part I would not have
             | bought more if those things weren't accessibles illegally.
             | Some were either out of reach for my budget (softwares like
             | photoshop or Music DAWs), other were not deemed good enough
             | to pay for them over better records/movies/games.
             | 
             | And it transfers to today: while I have a totally unlimited
             | access to 8, 16-bit and 32-bit console roms, I almost only
             | play to games I have owned and loved at the time.
        
         | tawa9102930 wrote:
         | HDCP is broken so none of it really matters.
         | 
         | The resulting files ("webrips") aren't a lossless copy of the
         | original, but are good enough for most.
        
           | Salgat wrote:
           | Yeah web-dls might be hit or miss but webrips are such good
           | quality that it's irrelevant for most folks anyways, since
           | it's nearly the same quality you'd see on your TV.
        
           | gorkish wrote:
           | I posted elsewhere in the thread but it bears repeating, "The
           | analog hole has gone fully digital." The generational loss
           | from one recompression is effectively unnoticeable. What a
           | ridiculous arms race!
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | The point of the DRM schemes is basically to keep video "hard
         | enough to copy that normies don't do it". And not even "normies
         | can't find it on the Pirate Bay" but "you can right click and
         | download from Netflix."
         | 
         | If they mostly succeed at that, they consider it good enough.
        
           | jorams wrote:
           | If that were true it would be possible to watch in 4k
           | resolution on Netflix on Linux. But it's not.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Because if "4k on Linux" was doable than "download a 4k rip
             | directly" would shortly follow.
        
               | grapescheesee wrote:
               | Well, it sure seems to make a market for people who
               | would/does pay for legitimate 4k video in their browser
               | to pirate. I am happy to pay for streaming, but as the
               | quality goes down so does any desire to shell out honest
               | money.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The thing that's breaking me is that I can't even figure
               | out which combination of what I need to get what I want.
               | 
               | I just want to pay the $5 and watch the damn movie/show!
               | 
               | So instead I just ... check out the Roku from the library
               | that has all the services and binge ;)
        
         | ParetoOptimal wrote:
         | > I really don't see why so many millions (billions?) of
         | dollars have been spent on technologies which so far have never
         | kept the bad guys out.
         | 
         | A PR campaign to make people think getting that content for
         | free is harder than it is?
        
         | hannob wrote:
         | DRM schemes never worked, and it has been speculated that the
         | people building them always knew it, but had other goals.
         | 
         | Backn in the days it was: Of course you can break DVD
         | copyprotection schemes. But you cannot build a legal opensource
         | DVD player software. Today it's: Of course every Netflix series
         | can be found on the pirate bay. But you're not legally allowed
         | to build an alternative netflix player frontend.
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | From the executive's perspectives, DRM is working just fine.
           | 
           | People can't just go get a random browser extension to save
           | videos.
           | 
           | Alternative and unlicensed clients are illegal.
           | 
           | Sure, there's some piracy - but even at the end of the day,
           | pirates would watch a smartphone recording to save a buck.
           | 
           | To them, DRM does not have to be perfect to be a good
           | investment; any more than copyright needing to be perfect or
           | Speed Limit sign enforcement needing to be perfect.
           | 
           | Plus, every layer of complexity that gets broken, is another
           | line for convincing the DOJ or the Jury about malicious
           | intent.
        
             | oaththrowaway wrote:
             | > Sure, there's some piracy - but even at the end of the
             | day, pirates would watch a smartphone recording to save a
             | buck.
             | 
             | I spend a lot of money on hard drives and Usenet to have
             | quality rips. It's a service problem, not about the money
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Yes, yes, the Gabe Newell quote - even though that quote
               | was only an explanation for why piracy happened. Commonly
               | lost in translation, that quote never once said piracy
               | was justified or acceptable, nor did he encourage piracy
               | under any circumstances.
        
               | oaththrowaway wrote:
               | I never claimed he did? I was just responding to your
               | incorrect assumption
        
           | burningChrome wrote:
           | Just as an aside and probably a dumb question - is Pirate Bay
           | still a thing? I know they have archival stuff you can
           | access, but I thought Pirate Bay died out a long time ago and
           | even pier to pier networks have all but disappeared with
           | streaming.
           | 
           | I feel like this is kind of a naive question, but I haven't
           | needed to use pier to pier stuff since streaming did become
           | the standard and remember a lot of articles on Pirate Bay
           | shutting down around 2014. Some of the 1070's movies I've
           | found on YouTube that aren't on any streaming platform like
           | the 1982 movie Dreams Don't Die about a graffiti artist
           | played by Ike Eisenmann.
        
             | sureIy wrote:
             | > pier to pier
             | 
             | I can't believe that we don't use this terminology. Of
             | course pirates go from pier to pier. Missed opportunity
        
             | zootboy wrote:
             | Yes, the Pirate Bay is still a thing:
             | 
             | https://thepiratebay.org/index.html
             | 
             | Feel free to look up your favorite movies from 2024.
             | They're on there.
        
         | somenameforme wrote:
         | If you approach it at the most fundamental level, it seems like
         | a clearly impossible goal to achieve. You are having users
         | playing back content on their private devices, and then want to
         | try to prevent them from copying that. That's basically
         | impossible to achieve on somebody's own machine, and literally
         | impossible to do once two enter into the picture. In the
         | absolute worst case a high resolution/hertz cam on one's own
         | screen with a quick ML software polish job, would look near to
         | completely indistinguishable from the original content.
         | 
         | I imagine the reason so much money has been spent on it is
         | because studios prefer to blame piracy than content for
         | increasingly poor sales. So they see it as their salvation and
         | are willing to pay big bucks, even if it's impossible. That's a
         | primo ground for hucksters and charlatans to make a killing.
         | Something similar happened in poker where players wanting to
         | use fully automated software to make their decisions ended up
         | just stepping outside the cat&mouse game and using a setup with
         | a second computer + cam - completely and absolutely impossible
         | to detect.
        
           | eddd-ddde wrote:
           | I imagine in the future DRM is directly embedded in the
           | viewers brain and if it detects pirate content it just fries
           | you.
           | 
           | I genuinely can't imagine any other form of DRM being
           | successful.
        
             | LadyCailin wrote:
             | Drink a verification can to continue.
        
             | idle_zealot wrote:
             | You could require that all devices capable of video or
             | audio display or capture embed models to detect copyright-
             | protected content, and only proceed with playback or
             | capture if they are connected to the internet and are able
             | to verify some cryptographic liscense is valid. Put all
             | this logic in some secure processor that self-destructs at
             | the slightest sign of potential reverse-engineering or
             | irregular behavior, along with physical anti-tampering
             | measures that make phreaking or uncapping any components
             | liable to trigger self-destruction. Then make the
             | circumvention of any of these measures or attempts to
             | create or import non-compliant display or capture video or
             | audio content carry some heavy criminal penalty, such that
             | any group well-resourced enough to attempt bypass would
             | judge doing so foolish.
             | 
             | That would probably "work".
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | > In the absolute worst case a high resolution/hertz cam on
           | one's own screen with a quick ML software polish job, would
           | look near to completely indistinguishable from the original
           | content.
           | 
           | I'm not even interested in piracy (no ethical dilemma I just
           | can't be bothered), but I think this would be an absolutely
           | fantastic tech demo, and also very funny. Ultimately the
           | video has to be displayed on a screen, so this must be the
           | final defeat for DRM, right?
        
             | kuschku wrote:
             | Every now and then I do event tech for some small tech
             | conferences, lectures, etc.
             | 
             | A while ago we had an issue where, under some
             | circumstances, macbooks would enforce HDCP for their
             | output. Obviously an issue if you're trying to record and
             | stream a talk. And we didn't have any hdcp removal devices
             | on hand.
             | 
             | So I set up a Sony FX30 with fujinon broadcast optics on a
             | tripod, aimed at the screen. Some white balancing and
             | adjustments to brightness and ISO curve later and the image
             | was undistinguishable from the original.
             | 
             | We actually used that setup for all talks on that day, and
             | it worked perfectly fine.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | Getting the colors right would be difficult.
        
         | nonrandomstring wrote:
         | > I really don't see why so many millions (billions?) of
         | dollars have been spent on technologies which so far have never
         | kept the bad guys out.
         | 
         | Sunk cost investment bias [0].
         | 
         | Past a certain point, even when the outcome is obviously
         | futile, it becomes a mixture of accumulated momentum and pure
         | bloody mindedness to "build it if it kills us". Companies like
         | Microsoft or Sony have entire departments of people working on
         | "rights management".
         | 
         | Nobody has the courage to just say, "Sorry guys, this is a
         | fool's errand, we're going to shut it down and move you all
         | onto something more productive".
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunk_cost
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | It doesn't need to work, it needs to be a clearly demarcated
         | legal boundary. If it's hard enough that it takes effort to
         | cross, you can prosecute.
         | 
         | Someone who wanders in the woods might not be blamed for
         | trespassing. But someone who hops a fence with a sign on it
         | doesn't have much defense.
        
         | squigz wrote:
         | > I really don't see why so many millions (billions?) of
         | dollars have been spent on technologies which so far have never
         | kept the bad guys out.
         | 
         | Because the goal isn't actually to "keep the bad guys out" -
         | it's to strip user freedom and privacy, and make a shit load of
         | money at the same time
        
         | daveoc64 wrote:
         | The DRM clearly does work in preventing "casual piracy" - where
         | average users do things like downloading a file and keeping it
         | forever (even after cancelling a subscription) or copying the
         | file to a friend.
        
           | yencabulator wrote:
           | Video streaming hasn't been "a file" in a long time. HLS et
           | al download little snippets at a time, adjusting to current
           | bandwidth circumstances, typically with video and audio
           | separate, etc. Even without DRM, the average user couldn't
           | "download a file" from Netflix.
        
         | Retr0id wrote:
         | At this point, video DRM is more of a legal protection than a
         | technical protection.
        
         | devwastaken wrote:
         | No. It is fundamentally impossible. DRM centralizes piracy, it
         | makes it profitable both socially and financially to pirate
         | harder. As DRM tries to get harder it actually gives pirates
         | more power.
         | 
         | These pirates release high quality content that is better than
         | the service provides on most devices. Typically in HEVC as
         | well, requiring less download size.
         | 
         | It's also great for those that don't have consistent Internet
         | and want to download over time.
         | 
         | DRM and anti piracy are a snake oil industry for business suit
         | types that think they're protecting their assets. They're not,
         | but they don't understand the infinitely copiable nature of
         | digital. They want control at any cost.
        
         | nevir wrote:
         | Publishers demand it, but don't understand it.
         | 
         | The platforms roll their eyes, but implement it anyway; cause
         | it's a rounding error, and keeps publishers happy
        
         | whoopdedo wrote:
         | I don't believe the "Digital Video Express"[1] (aka DIVX[2])
         | discs were ever cracked while they were on the market. But
         | that's only because they were only sold for 1 year and nobody
         | bought any. Even now finding information about the disc format
         | is rare. Although anyone who has a reason to try probably
         | should be able to do it easily since it was just 3DES.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIVX
         | 
         | [2] And this is when I remember that Wikipedia links are case-
         | sensitive
        
       | logical_person wrote:
       | do software cracks usually get posted to seclists? this is
       | expected in the design of DRM...
        
       | charles_f wrote:
       | If like me you don't know what Playready is:
       | 
       | > PlayReady is a media file copy prevention technology from
       | Microsoft that includes encryption, output prevention and digital
       | rights management (DRM). It was announced in February 2007.
        
       | squigz wrote:
       | At some point this silly game of cat-and-mouse is going to
       | escalate, and streaming players won't work unless your entire
       | computer is locked down and "verified" by Microsoft or Apple.
        
         | dawnerd wrote:
         | And yet content will still be torrented within hours. It's
         | always the honest consumers that lose.
        
           | squigz wrote:
           | This assuredness that piracy will always win will be our
           | demise.
        
             | dawnerd wrote:
             | The only way to reduce piracy is to make access easier and
             | cheaper - something the music industry figured out. Sure
             | music still gets pirated but its a lot less.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Well, no, that isn't the only way to reduce piracy.
               | Another way would be widespread collaboration between the
               | largest tech corporations to lock down the pipeline from
               | manufacturing to sale and onward
               | 
               | If users continue to accept this path, which... they seem
               | to, that is where we'll inevitably end up.
        
               | sspiff wrote:
               | What about the analog loophole? At some point, the data
               | needs to be manifested in the real world.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | It's not as though there's no effort to close this
               | loophole (see HDCP and probably others) - I don't expect
               | them to give up any time soon
               | 
               | Granted, pointing a camera at a screen and recording will
               | always be possible - but I say if we ever reach the point
               | where that is the only option, we've lost.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | It is not a given that this will always be possible. I
               | could imagine some kind of steganographic watermark in
               | videos - diffused over the entire signal so that it
               | cannot be easily cropped out - combined with a check for
               | the same in all recording equipment that blocks the
               | recording or blacks out the area if detected. Could be
               | done "voluntarily" by all large manufacturers for
               | starters, then eventually mandated by law for all
               | equipment sold or imported into the country.
               | 
               | And there's already precedent for this kind of thing: the
               | way copiers block money bills as source.
        
               | dawnerd wrote:
               | That wont work. You can't tech your way out of this short
               | of brain implants instead of screens. If there's a
               | screen/speakers it's going to be pirated full stop.
               | Games, okay that's a different story sure but they're
               | already going down that path with online only games
               | anyways.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Because the idea of brain implants is so far-fetched?
        
               | utensil4778 wrote:
               | No, that's where we are now. Not in the future, right
               | now. It isn't working.
               | 
               | You fundamentally _can 't_ prevent someone copying your
               | file. It isn't possible, full stop. You can only make it
               | maximally inconvenient. You can't encrypt a user's
               | eyeballs, so the media has to be transmitted in the clear
               | at some level. Be it intercepting the LVDS signal to your
               | TV panel or just pointing a camcorder at the screen.
               | 
               | The current tact is to just make it maximally
               | inconvenient for anyone to access the file in any way.
               | This does not consider the asymmetry in effort required.
               | All legitimate users must deal with shitty DRM systems
               | and broken apps, where it takes exactly one pirate to go
               | through the effort of making a copy. Then everyone else
               | who obtains a copy has to expend zero effort to consume
               | the media.
               | 
               | Piracy is simply easier, which is why there's a
               | resurgence now. The only sustainable option is to make
               | legitimate consumption easier than piracy. For a lot of
               | media, piracy is the _only_ option to obtain a copy that
               | will not vanish at some indeterminate point in the
               | future. _even if you paid for it_.
               | 
               | Companies think that they can just make piracy harder,
               | but that simply doesn't work. Once the first copy is
               | made, the game is over. As established, there's simply no
               | way to truly and permanently prevent a copy being
               | created. That's simply the nature of digital media. At
               | best, you can slow pirates down, you can _never_ stop
               | them. Piracy will _never_ go away, and people need to
               | accept that. People have been selling bootleg copies of
               | goods since the dawn of time, there 's no way to prevent
               | it. There will _always_ be someone nabbing copies of
               | movies and sharing the files.
               | 
               | You can either waste everyone's time by trying to fight
               | it, or you can realize that companies need to _compete_
               | to survive, not just be large. If you compete with the
               | pirates and produce a better product that people want
               | more, well that 's what capitalism is all about, isn't
               | it?
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | I wish I shared your certainty. I certainly don't share
               | your faith in capitalism to solve anything.
        
               | utensil4778 wrote:
               | Oh, don't get me wrong, I have zero faith in capitalism.
               | After all, that's the entire reason we're in this
               | situation.
               | 
               | However, market forces are actually very real. They just
               | don't work the way capitalists think they do. Or rather,
               | capitalists are convinced they can control the market
               | through technology. Unfortunately for them, this is a
               | technology that can't be solved or controlled.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | > This does not consider the asymmetry in effort
               | required. All legitimate users must deal with shitty DRM
               | systems and broken apps
               | 
               | Oh, they do consider it. But, upon consideration, they
               | decide that they don't care.
        
               | stockboss wrote:
               | i suspect one factor is that music is a lot cheaper to
               | produce than movies, so selling music at an "accessible"
               | price is a lot more viable as a solution. plus, there's a
               | larger market for music since music is largely consumed
               | in isolation. people tend to listen to music themselves
               | so they would either buy a copy for themselves, or stream
               | for themselves, so there's the benefit of volume as well.
               | on the other hand, movies are more likely to be consumed
               | in groups - a group of people watching one movie will
               | only pay once.
               | 
               | for the tv/movie industry, the best solution we have
               | right now is basically streaming services like netflix.
               | the issue is that its probably still not economically
               | feasible for companies like netflix to pay for the
               | streaming rights of new movies for their subscribers,
               | especially those big budget movies. so for those, either
               | you'd have to wait until the price is more palatable for
               | netflix, or you'd have to just pirate it.
        
             | Xerox9213 wrote:
             | Whose demise?
             | 
             | Has there ever been a time where piracy hasn't "won"?
        
             | k8svet wrote:
             | It's like when that first Motorola came out with a locked
             | bootloader, or maybe the second one, I think the first was
             | trivially crackable. I remember that year, all of the
             | people claiming it was just a matter of time. And nowadays,
             | among other reasons, custom roms are largely dead because
             | people want access to PayPal, Netflix and their banking
             | app.
             | 
             | It's grim. I hope to win the lottery and leave the industry
             | before the term "computer" has lost all meaning.
        
         | 015a wrote:
         | At some point it escalates to where the media providers make
         | watching their media so expensive, time consuming, and
         | difficult that piracy ramps back up.
         | 
         | It sounds dumb, like "why would companies shoot themselves in
         | the foot like this" but trust that they will. They always do.
         | Corpobrain is a form of autopilot, there's no one with
         | intelligence in charge not because the people who work at media
         | companies are dumb (though, they are), but because there's just
         | literally no one in charge. Its autopilot. Each iterative
         | decision in isolation makes sense, but when zoomed out and
         | interpreted holistically they're killing their own business.
        
         | watermelon0 wrote:
         | I think this is already the case today; streaming players don't
         | work unless the whole chain from the player to the display is
         | verified.
         | 
         | The only reason it's possible to copy such content is because
         | keys were leaked in the past, and they are not blacklisted.
        
         | clwg wrote:
         | That sounds an awful lot like an Xbox, and I personally don't
         | think we're too far off from those becoming general purpose
         | cloud connected DRM computers coupled with recurring monthly
         | subscriptions for all your app/game/content needs.
        
         | tithe wrote:
         | > ...unless your entire computer is locked down and
         | "verified"...
         | 
         | This is exactly what the WEI (Web Environment Integrity)[0]
         | specification sought to achieve, but at the browser level.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Environment_Integrity
        
           | surajrmal wrote:
           | Most operating systems already offer this. At some point only
           | native apps will be supported instead of the web if browsers
           | don't also provide it.
        
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