[HN Gopher] Industrial Design Student Work: "How Long Should Obj...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Industrial Design Student Work: "How Long Should Objects Last?"
        
       Author : surprisetalk
       Score  : 228 points
       Date   : 2024-05-07 10:10 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.core77.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.core77.com)
        
       | tichiian wrote:
       | This is missing the fact that the stainless steel from the ultra-
       | durable umbrella is also easy to recycle. In fact, steel is far
       | easier to recycle than any kind of plastic.
       | 
       | Also, the whole work seems to skip over the huge problem of
       | insufficient customer information: There is a remark in there,
       | that lots of people (about half) seem to choose the ultra-durable
       | umbrella, rather than one of the less resource-intensive ones.
       | The reason for this imho isn't that people don't care about the
       | resources. It is rather that everyone has been conditioned to
       | assume that products are crappier than specified. People do not
       | and usually can not know how durable each product they are
       | offered will be. And buying something ultra-durable-seeming at
       | least gives you a chance at a decent product lifetime. All the
       | rest is usually crappier than expected.
       | 
       | One reason is that the environmentally friendlier alternatives
       | are often also materials of lesser quality. E.g. recycled plastic
       | degrades and is more brittle than "fresh".
       | 
       | The other reason is greedy manufacturers, saving on necessary
       | materials, making products less durable. And maybe intentionally
       | building in weak points, limiting lifetime to sell more stuff.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | All true, but one missing is the one where people abuse things
         | and use them in ways that were not intended by the
         | manufacturer.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | It really sucks when the product is so fragile you can't do
           | it. Items do not have inherent, fixed purpose, they're
           | physical objects. If I can use my umbrella as a hammer in a
           | pinch, that's a value-add.
        
         | eep_social wrote:
         | Another reason I seek the durable version is that I despise
         | change.
         | 
         | Once I procure an umbrella that meets my needs, I don't ever
         | want to have to spend the time to go find another. If I manage
         | to wear it out, I will grudgingly replace it with the exact
         | same thing but if that's not available I'll go without rather
         | than going through the process of finding a good one again.
         | Modern casual clothing is a disaster in this regard because
         | even the same sku often won't be the same product year over
         | year.
        
           | mrbungie wrote:
           | About clothing: that and society tends to mock those who
           | repeat the same clothes in a short period of time, promoting
           | cheap/mass fashion and therefore waste.
           | 
           | I would rather focus on upcycling repairable clothes rather
           | than promoting so much waste. Specially when a sweater I love
           | tears, I (1) loss the sweater and (2) can't get said clothing
           | item because as you say, the sku or even the brand may not
           | exist anymore. Newer is not always better, both in function
           | and form.
           | 
           | Point in case: Mark Zuckerberg and his style change from a
           | anime/cartoon closet full of grey tshirts and blue jeans to a
           | typical sugar daddy atire/style just to appeal to bigger
           | audience without any internal change.
           | 
           | Stupid monkey brains.
        
             | luqtas wrote:
             | people who mock people because repeated clothes aren't at
             | their social circle (at least in a meaningful level) or if
             | they do, sit & talk or it's time to move on...
             | 
             | i'm almost hitting 30, i still use some 14 y/o clothes and
             | last time i bought stuff was more than 5 years ago because
             | of a hobby. tho i appreciate stylistic people walking at
             | streets. maybe fashion is not that hard to recycle if we
             | use mostly compostable stuff? from leather of pineapple
             | waste, (recycled) cotton and so on
        
             | MeImCounting wrote:
             | In my social circles youre far more likely to be mocked if
             | you spend a lot of money on new clothes or cheap/low
             | quality clothes. Its expected that you buy something high
             | quality from a thrift store and wear it until it wears
             | out/splurge on something new and high quality and wear it
             | until it wears out and repair it indefinitely.
        
             | brabel wrote:
             | I have clothes from 25 years ago, still looking pretty good
             | but I can barely wear them now because they're so utterly
             | out of fashion :D. I am by no means a "fashionable" person,
             | but even I would be a bit hesitant to go out on my early
             | 90's baggy shorts or my black leather jacket that looks
             | straight out of an 80's action movie.
             | 
             | I believe that's why clothes these days barely last a year.
             | People actually don't seem to mind because every year the
             | fashion changes. I really hate that mindset but that seems
             | to be how almost everyone thinks.
        
               | mdpye wrote:
               | If you were a fashionable person, that's exactly what
               | you'd be doing! ;)
               | 
               | The cycle is roughly 30 years, and teenagers are
               | revisiting the 90s trends right now.
        
               | Freak_NL wrote:
               | The 90s is completely and utterly hot right now for
               | anyone born after it. Embrace the faux nostalgia or make
               | a mint on Vinted.
        
               | pnut wrote:
               | If you were wearing traditional slacks, collared shirts,
               | and suits 25 years ago this wouldn't be a problem.
               | Timeless style is a real thing.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Even jeans, t-shirts and flannel shirts will get you
               | through the better part of a century.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | No, it would be a problem.
               | 
               | Suits and pants are much slimmer than they were 25 years
               | ago. They're cut differently. Pants are different in
               | length, with far less of a break now.
               | 
               | Look at photos of people in suits from 1999, or just
               | watch movies from then. They're swimming in fabric. Not
               | to mention how wide the neckties were.
               | 
               | Even for men, timeless style isn't a thing. Look at how
               | gigantic shirt collars were in the 1970's.
               | 
               | Men's styles don't change as drastically as women's
               | (remember shoulderpads?) but even traditional suits and
               | shirts and ties go through major shifts of size and
               | proportion every couple decades.
               | 
               | Sure you _can_ wear suits and shirts and ties from 25
               | years ago, but you 'll either look like someone who's
               | making a deliberate retro-inspired fashion choice (if
               | you're pulling it off), or else you'll look like someone
               | who hasn't bought new clothes in 25 years (if you're not
               | pulling it off).
               | 
               | But in neither case will you look "timeless". There's no
               | such thing.
        
           | eru wrote:
           | For me a reason to choose the not so durable umbrella is that
           | I tend to lose umbrellas rather than break them.
        
             | _carbyau_ wrote:
             | I know you likely don't care but one thing idea I liked
             | from the article is to use a QR code
             | engraved/stamped/stickered onto an item so people can
             | contact you without having to put your phone number
             | directly on it.
             | 
             | I'd point them at a static website titled: "I've lost
             | something haven't I? What? Where?" with a basic form put so
             | they can give me details. You could go further and have the
             | QR code put an item ID code into the url.
             | 
             | I like the possibilities.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | I live in Singapore, so even putting my home address on
               | my things would be fine. (And we seldom even lock our
               | front door.)
               | 
               | Well, your suggestion might help for some kinds of
               | misplacing. But I often I know it's in the house, but
               | can't remember where.
        
               | mcherm wrote:
               | Is your home address stable for times similar to the
               | lifetime of that umbrella?
        
               | eru wrote:
               | I could leave a pointer at the old address to my new
               | address, if necessary.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _But I often I know it 's in the house, but can't
               | remember where._
               | 
               | Given the price/importance of a durable umbrella, it
               | would make sense for you to stick a BLE locator tag to
               | it. But for the love of $deity, let it not be built into
               | the product itself, as putting electronics into products
               | is the easiest way to make them fragile and obsolete
               | within few years.
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | Yep - even the most famous clothing SKU in the world, the
           | Levi's 501, changes fabric specs and measurements year over
           | year.
        
         | Aloisius wrote:
         | _> Many of the objects we use daily are made from mixed
         | materials, ones are often difficult to separate [for
         | recycling]. This cost can outweigh the value of the materials,
         | so these objects are very likely to end up in Landfill. Of
         | course, mixing materials offers functional benefits such as
         | combinations of soft  & hard structures, and nowhere else is
         | this more true [than] with Umbrellas._
         | 
         | FTA with context added.
        
         | IgorPartola wrote:
         | Aside but one interesting consequence of using plastic in
         | certain kinds of products is that it can be a sacrificial part.
         | If you don't design a point of failure into your system one
         | will be assigned to it. I recently had this realization after
         | installing a new garage door opener. The motor on it is much
         | stronger than my old one but some parts are far flimsier. Then
         | it dawned on me that I'd rather have a cheap plastic gear break
         | if something goes wrong than have it burn up the unit or swing
         | a high tension belt around.
         | 
         | Longevity doesn't always mean making everything out of cast
         | iron and stainless steel. It can mean making the thing
         | repairable using cheap and available parts.
        
           | thegrim33 wrote:
           | 3D printing options aside, there's no possibility of me
           | replacing random plastic components that break. I'm dependent
           | on some industrial manufacturer producing the random plastic
           | broken part for me, and getting it to me. If something
           | metallic fails, it's much simpler in comparison to fashion a
           | replacement / repair the failure myself. I can work with
           | metal. I can't work with plastic.
        
             | picture wrote:
             | Have you used polycaprolactone/PCL aka "InstaMorph" for
             | hobby/projects? It's a very tough plastic that can be
             | melted by putting it in hot water, then formed by hand. I
             | think something like a linkage made out of this material
             | could be a fantastic intentional failure point for certain
             | mechanical systems, as long as the temperature requirement
             | is not much higher than human conditions. Also, if you have
             | a hot air blower, you can repair it in-situ.
             | 
             | I'm honestly not sure why we don't see more of this plastic
             | used for consumer stuff. Something that you can melt down
             | and fix stuff or make little ornaments sounds like a great
             | marketing gimmick. It's also generally a pretty bio-safe
             | plastic.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | In industry, it's because it's so low-temperature. The
               | benefits of using it aren't outweighed by the potential
               | failure risks in it in pieces not designed to be
               | repaired.
               | 
               | Also, just kinda--it's not well known! You can't even
               | find it as a 3D printer filament without a lot of effort,
               | even though those "3D pens" often use it, because the
               | output is so unimpressive to most people. That's not that
               | it is unimpressive, it's because they don't know much
               | about it, much like how people act like there's a
               | "leveling up" by switching from PLA to PETG to ABS.
        
               | esyir wrote:
               | While from a materials standpoint, its more of a "what
               | fits the needs", from a printing point of view it's
               | definitely a level up going from PLA to PETG / ABS. Both
               | in terms of skill (PETG can be annoying to dial in) and
               | machine reqs (Hot End, ventilation, etc)
        
               | skjoldr wrote:
               | ABS is a level up because it curls like mad off the print
               | bed because of internal stresses, and this will cause
               | prints to fail if you do not have a heated chamber, which
               | is a bit of a challenge to set up over Ender 3 like
               | printers. PETG meanwhile likes to be dehumidified under
               | heat first to avoid excessive stringing, which requires a
               | separate doodad, and it likes all metal hotends that do
               | not include the usual internal PTFE tube, which off-
               | gasses nasty stuff if heated above roughly 250degC. PLA
               | has none of these problems. "Level up" is about
               | printability, not material characteristics of the end
               | product.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | _> "Level up" is about printability, not material
               | characteristics of the end product._
               | 
               | You think that. The people in forums who go "I never
               | print in PLA" despite it having advantageous material
               | properties for some use cases (it's very stiff, for
               | example! sure, it snaps hard, but it's strong until then)
               | do not.
               | 
               | Printability and usefulness aren't on the same axis, but
               | when it comes to FDM materials, a _lot_ of people do.
        
               | nmcfarl wrote:
               | If you need heat resistance and can give up reforming and
               | strength sugru is a moldable silicone that I've used for
               | a quite a number of repairs. A knife handle I repaired in
               | 2014 is still going strong.
               | 
               | (InstaMorph is new to me - but will certainly get used in
               | the future)
        
               | ElevenLathe wrote:
               | Can it be injection molded? If not, I would assume it
               | would be much much more expensive to mass-produce than an
               | ordinary injection molded part.
        
             | userbinator wrote:
             | Plastic welding is a thing, and has been used ever since
             | the discovery of thermoplastics. Solvent glues also work
             | well for some types of plastic.
             | 
             | The only reason why it's not more common is usually due to
             | cost of repair vs replacement.
             | 
             | Thanks to YouTube, you can now find plenty of information
             | on this.
             | 
             |  _I can work with metal. I can 't work with plastic._
             | 
             | How about pot metal, which is what has been replaced by
             | plastic in many applications?
        
             | alanbernstein wrote:
             | Are you a machinist? I don't understand why you'd dismiss
             | 3d printing and say metal is more feasible to work with. 3d
             | printing is much more accessible to the average DIY-minded
             | person.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | You can bend small metal pieces with your bare hands, or
               | with pliers, or you can beat it into shape with hammer
               | (or any stiff object). Plastics get damaged and break
               | when you try that.
        
               | nmcfarl wrote:
               | I think this is cultural or location based - I know at
               | least a dozen people who can weld and no one who has a
               | 3-D printer, but I live /way/ out and rural America. The
               | Internet would suggest that urban America is the reverse.
        
               | buildsjets wrote:
               | I 3D print jigs to hold things together for welding.
               | Mind, blown.
        
               | alanbernstein wrote:
               | Sure, but if we're talking about replacing machine parts,
               | I'm not sure how far welding will get you. You need to be
               | able to machine custom metal parts, for parity with basic
               | 3d printing capability.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | > I can't work with plastic.
             | 
             | Why not? If you can machine it from metal, it is easier to
             | machine it from plastic. I fabricate plastic replacements
             | often with a drill, files, and saw.
        
               | throwanem wrote:
               | Yeah, I was gonna say. Not that I'd necessarily _want_ to
               | cut a gear with hand tools even in nylon, considering how
               | exacting the profile would be to get right, but it 's
               | doable.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I'd rather hand cut a gear in nylon than one in steel. If
               | you arent doing it by hand, who cares what it is made of.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | It's an... unusual skill to have, I'd say. Maybe it's the
               | issue of education or culture, but I'm with GP here: in
               | my mind, metal parts can often be repaired by hand, or an
               | improvised replacement can be made; plastics break too
               | easily, and you can't make new ones without a 3D printer
               | or something.
        
               | Freak_NL wrote:
               | Yup. Same with wood and fabric. Those kind of parts or
               | components I can replace and work with. Plastic? That's a
               | whole different ball game due to the potentially low
               | tolerances in terms of dimensions and the nature of the
               | type of plastic used. With wood, metal, and fabric it is
               | much easier to gauge the correct replacement material.
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | I'd say education and culture might be right on the
               | money. I'm not sure it's occurred to me to take a small
               | block of some type of plastic and cut it to shape using
               | knives, planes, chisels and files like someone could with
               | wood, but now that I'm thinking about it, it seems like
               | it might be considerable easier to work with than wood in
               | some cases, especially with how easy it is to join two
               | parts afterwards with some epoxy or maybe even through
               | heat.
               | 
               | Additionally, it looks like you can possibly re-melt the
               | shavings into another block (I'm not sure if specific
               | plastic types are required).[1] That's like woodworking
               | but being able to easily gather and compress your bits
               | and ends and sawdust into more wood.
               | 
               | 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34wPmcgDRmg
        
               | skjoldr wrote:
               | It's because plastic injection molding has different
               | constraints and trade-offs in parts design compared to
               | metal machining. E.g. injection molding, after the mold
               | is done, doesn't really care about machine time,
               | complexity, or the availability of specific cutters and
               | drills. So sometimes the geometry and tolerances of an
               | injection molded part is a pain in the arse to replicate
               | manually -- it's just not made to do it, unlike metal
               | machining, which at scale is still a rough approximation
               | of the manual process.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I get the manufacturing Tradeoffs. What I was responding
               | to was not an issue with part complexity, but part
               | material.
               | 
               | They said "I can work with metal. I can't work with
               | plastic."
               | 
               | Sure, nobody is going to machine a plastic replacement
               | complex injection molded housing. You probably werent
               | going to re-create a complex press-formed metal part
               | either.
               | 
               | IT seems like it is more of a design complaint than a
               | material issue.
        
               | ElevenLathe wrote:
               | How often do you encounter mass-produced consumer goods
               | that include parts made of machined engineering plastics?
        
               | MeImCounting wrote:
               | I have a pocket knife in my pocket (perhaps not quite as
               | mass produced as what you were imagining) whose handles
               | are made of G10 which is a composite material made partly
               | of epoxy. It has been 3d machined into its current shape.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | That's not what Im saying. Machined plastics are rarely
               | encountered, but many molded plastic products can be
               | trivially machined.
               | 
               | Im saying that the fabrication difficult is driven by
               | design, not material.
               | 
               | almost nobody is going to home fabricate a spline gear at
               | home, and it doesnt matter if it is metal or plastic. If
               | something is like a plate or flange, it is trivial to
               | fabricate and doesnt matter if it is metal or plastic.
               | 
               | For any given _design_ , I think refabrication is the
               | same or easier for plastic.
        
               | ElevenLathe wrote:
               | Not sure why we're arguing, but I think we are on the
               | same side. We would prefer that products have parts which
               | are easily replaced by, in order of preference:
               | 
               | 1) easily-sourced commodity products like standard
               | screws, washers, bolts, etc. 2) barring that, parts that
               | could easily be fabricated by realistic home production
               | methods (hand tools, FDM printing, possibly simple
               | machining) 3) barring that, parts that the consumer can
               | have easily fabricated by a third party (maybe it
               | requires a 5-axis CNC but all the CAD/CAM files are
               | available to upload somewhere like Shapeways) 4) barring
               | that, easily-ordered at-cost OEM parts
               | 
               | ...and in all cases the user manual should require all
               | relevant drawings with dimensions.
               | 
               | The problem is that if you tell an industrial designer to
               | keep costs down, and that they can use injection-molded
               | plastic parts, they will almost certainly NOT design
               | parts that are conducive to 1-3. They could, but all the
               | incentives run the other way, so they probably won't.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I was mostly just curious about the person who said they
               | absolutely cant _work_ with plastic, but can _work_ with
               | metal.
               | 
               | I like some things that are repairable, but don't think
               | everything needs to be. My product choices rarely are
               | willing to compromise cost, function, or aesthetics for
               | repairability.
        
             | jjav wrote:
             | > I can work with metal. I can't work with plastic.
             | 
             | You're right that metal (and wood) are much more amenable
             | to work with in a home workshop.
             | 
             | However:
             | 
             | > 3D printing options aside
             | 
             | I wouldn't put 3d printing aside. The main limitation is
             | the size of what you can print, but if the part is small
             | enough (depending what printers you have access to), it is
             | a game changer. We don't have a 3d printer but my child has
             | access to them at school and watching him fix all kinds of
             | gadgets by 3d printing replacement parts has been very
             | cool.
        
               | CraigJPerry wrote:
               | Even for larger items I've often found printing sub-
               | assemblies and gluing together to be a useful technique.
               | 
               | E.g. I needed to replace a shaped plastic cover for a
               | handle mechanism on a motorhome/RV. Breaking the design
               | into two parts and making it so they clip together
               | (rather than permanently gluing in that particular case)
               | meant I could print a complex design without supports.
        
             | pests wrote:
             | Then just replace the plastic parts with metal, problem
             | solved.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | > 3D printing options aside
             | 
             | Aside from the solution, there's no solution?
             | 
             | If you don't want to get into 3d printing then fine, but
             | don't act like that's not on you. you can work with
             | plastic, you're choosing not to.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | This really depends on many factors.
           | 
           | Will you be able to get those parts, how fast and how cheap,
           | and how easy/hard is it to replace them? Garage door,
           | maybe... it's an expensive thing... you'll investa lot of
           | time/effort to get it fixed... buta battery powered drill? No
           | way to get the parts. Someone mentione 3d printing... can you
           | imagine some average drill owner designing a part for 3d
           | printing, buying a 3d printer, going through the learning
           | curve to get a usable part.. for a $50 drill? No way. Just
           | having someone open it up to replace it is more expensive
           | than the drill itself. On the other hand, you could pay 20
           | cents more when buying and got a long-lastin metal part.
           | 
           | If you want a part to fail to not cause greater damage, add
           | some kinf of a standardized fuse to it, or detect the
           | overload and stop it, before it fails. Yeah, sure, something
           | is going to fail at some time (nothing lasts forever), but
           | treating plastic gears that break (instead fo $1 more
           | expensive metal ones) as a good thing,.. i have to disagree
           | with that.
        
             | jkestner wrote:
             | Underrated is ordering SLS parts from a printer, like on
             | CraftCloud. You can get small functional nylon parts made
             | for $2 + shipping.
             | 
             | Modeling things has always been the biggest friction point.
             | Not easy to make CAD interfaces easier. Part files from the
             | manufacturer would be nice.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | Sure, but you still have to either open the device
               | yourself, or pay someone to do it, find the broken part,
               | find the part design, order it, ship it, replace it, and
               | reassemble the device. If you don't do it yourself, it's
               | not worth it at all financially, and if you do, it's
               | quite a long process, usually not worth it for a $50
               | drill, where the company wanted to save a few cents with
               | a plastic part.
        
             | btbuildem wrote:
             | One could find the part design in a library, and print it
             | at a coop hackerspace or order it online off some pay-per-
             | print shop. It doesn't have to be as complicated as you put
             | it.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | But it's a $50 dollar drill, that failed due to a cheap
               | part.
               | 
               | I don't know where you live, but just a diagnosis by a
               | repair technician is more expensive than that. Even if
               | you open it up yourself, find the broken part, find that
               | part someone, get someone to print it,get the part
               | delivered, and replace it, it'll be more than $50 of
               | associated costs... and just because a company wanted to
               | save 50 cents on a plastic gear.
        
           | KineticLensman wrote:
           | On the subject of sacrificial parts, approx. 25 years ago I
           | bought a lawnmower from a well established UK brand (Atco).
           | The original design included a clutch-like mechanism that
           | would decouple the drive from the drum blades if they
           | encountered a serious obstruction and jammed. In the model
           | that I bought, however, the mechanism had been replaced with
           | a sacrificial plastic cog that would simply break if the
           | blades jammed. Even though I was careful, on average, it
           | would break every two to three years. This was before easy 3D
           | printing was available, and I had no choice but to order an
           | OEM replacement. If Atco had sold packs of the cog I wouldn't
           | have minded, but instead you had to buy an entire repair kit
           | with several other parts that weren't needed. After the
           | fourth time it died, I replaced the entire lawn mower with a
           | non-Atco alternative.
           | 
           | I've come across sacrificial parts in other contexts where
           | they make perfect sense (e.g. holding car body parts in
           | place) but I really don't like them being used as an
           | opportunity for manufacturers to increase their lifetime
           | profit from a long-lived product.
        
           | jimbobthrowawy wrote:
           | Ideally that plastic gear would be a standard size and shape
           | that you could find described in a parts list somewhere in
           | the manual. I'd much rather be able to buy one out of a giant
           | surplus bin somewhere in mainland china than trying to
           | measure it and find/make a bespoke replacement.
           | 
           | Replaceable fuses make great failure points for things like
           | motors that can draw silly amounts of current when stalled.
        
         | A_D_E_P_T wrote:
         | Recyclability isn't really an issue, because the steel umbrella
         | is not viable as a product. This is on account of its weight.
         | 
         | > _Total weight of assembled umbrella: 1.71kg_
         | 
         | The average umbrella, and the plastic one at the link, weigh
         | roughly a quarter of that amount. There are golf umbrellas,
         | considered extremely heavy, at ~0.9kg, e.g.:
         | https://shedrain.com/products/vortex-vent-pro
         | 
         | The ultra-durable umbrella is an exercise in making a product
         | that _appears_ to be an umbrella out of heavy-duty materials.
         | But it 's not an umbrella that's viable as a commercial
         | product; it wasn't designed with the average user's
         | capabilities in mind. Most people, even trained athletes, would
         | not be happy to lug around an umbrella that weighs nearly four
         | pounds.
         | 
         | I'm sure it's possible to strike a balance, perhaps with
         | aluminum or magnesium (expensive!) instead of steel. But the
         | project didn't attempt it -- it went with steel to make a
         | point. In real-life product engineering, though, every _gram_
         | saved is worth celebrating.
        
           | BlueTemplar wrote:
           | Why was the handle made of stainless steel, and not, say,
           | wood ? Looks to be a significant fraction of mass, while not
           | being the typical part that would break ?
        
             | hbosch wrote:
             | Steel is more durable than wood.
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | >while not being the typical part that would break ?
        
           | helsinkiandrew wrote:
           | My James Smith & Sons Umbrella has a lightweight steel frame
           | (apparently invented by James Smith the 2nd in 1851) - weighs
           | about 500g and has lasted 30+ years.
           | 
           | https://www.james-smith.co.uk/product/umbrellas/gents-
           | umbrel...
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Mass is a tradeoff too, but I suppose you could shove half of
           | the weight without compromising the durability. Would that
           | still not be a viable product then? Something a tad heavier
           | than standard big umbrella, much more expensive, but nearly
           | indestructible?
           | 
           | I'd go for it. And yes, I'm very much the kind of user who
           | says they'd go for durable umbrella and, at the same time,
           | also says they use an umbrella very infrequently. Well,
           | that's because _umbrellas suck donkey balls_ , to borrow a
           | phrase from _the Expanse_. I avoid the light ones as even a
           | little breeze makes them flip their shape from convex to
           | concave and eventually break struts. The heavier ones...
           | well, they all seem to magically break within couple months,
           | so it 's always a lottery if I pick one with torn fabric or
           | hanging strut, and then when I do, then what? Throw away the
           | looks-fixable-but-really-too-cheeply-made-to-be-fixed one,
           | and buy another one, fourth one this fall? The whole
           | experience makes me avoid umbrellas except for the heaviest
           | of rains, and it's mostly because of lack of durability.
        
           | numpad0 wrote:
           | This is a beautifully done art project, but it's curious how
           | relevant comparisons made are to reality. The handle could be
           | easily made of tubes for massive weight reduction and
           | potentially _improved_ rigidity, for example.
           | 
           | It seems the idea is to take an existing umbrella, reproduce
           | it faithfully in different materials, and then comparing
           | results: like right-clicking an umbrella_object displayed on
           | a 3D modeling tool and changing texture bitmaps. I suppose
           | justification to that is it has to be apples to apples
           | comparison.
           | 
           | But that's not how objects are manufactured in the real
           | world: Parts are designed _for specific materials and means
           | of fabrication_. Replicating existing man-made object with a
           | manufacturing method the object was not intended to be
           | manufactured with leads to subpar results. If I 'm making
           | something out of carbon fiber, I'd try to minimize numbers of
           | screw holes. If it's to be made of aluminum, I'd avoid
           | repeated stresses, but if it's to be made of steel, flexure
           | joints becomes an option. If I'm 3D printing something, I'd
           | try to minimize overhangs below 45 degrees. If I'm designing
           | for injection molding, I'd avoid wide flat surfaces and
           | abrupt changes in cross sections. If I'm milling something,
           | I'd repeatedly check for tool clearances, try to minimize
           | amounts removed(which may result in thicker walls), and avoid
           | complex curves as I design it.
           | 
           | I'm not going to take an J-shaped umbrella grip and instruct
           | a factory worker to EDM it out of pre-tempered glass block.
           | Even if I managed to have it done, and if it ended up
           | weighing as much as a steel handle, that won't tell much
           | about viability of glass-framed umbrella in general.
        
           | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
           | > In real-life product engineering, though, every gram saved
           | is worth celebrating.
           | 
           | I would like to point out that I'm old enough that I think
           | I've witnessed how aluminum soda cans have become much
           | thinner over the years. Their contents are of course under
           | pressure and that makes them a bit sturdier; they can be
           | stacked 10 feet high with no problem. Usually. But someone
           | tosses a case a little too hard, packing them in a truck, the
           | angle that the force of that jolts off a few degrees...
           | something, and the can just explodes and makes a mess. And
           | the economics may mean that even with that loss it's still
           | better financially, but this seems wrong to me somehow.
           | 
           | If it were only disposable cans I could probably ignore it.
           | But everyone's shaving milligrams here and there, to the
           | point that you'll get a potato peeler at the store because
           | the last one broke, to bring the new one home and compare
           | it... only to find out it was stamped out of even thinner
           | steel. It breaks next month. You can't shop around and find a
           | better one, they're all pumped out of the same no-name
           | factory that a forensic accountant probably couldn't track
           | down if he had access to all of the supply chain's paperwork.
           | 
           | A friend and I were discussing just a few weeks ago whether
           | or not duct tape was of vastly different quality when we were
           | small children (late 1970s) compared to today. I of course
           | realize that 4 yr old me might have a much more difficult
           | time tearing off a piece of identical duct tape that 50 year
           | old me could tear without trying... but I seem to remember
           | even my dad having to put a little too much effort. You
           | really did have to rip into the stuff.
           | 
           | When you shave these milligrams off of items, it looks like
           | it is win/win, that you're reducing cost without reducing any
           | quality that anyone cares about, but I think that it might be
           | true that you're shaving little pieces off of everyone's
           | lives. Too little for them to complain about, but the sum
           | total of that unpleasantness must be vast. I am not inclined
           | to celebrate it.
        
             | A_D_E_P_T wrote:
             | Ultimately, I think that it depends entirely on the type of
             | product and how it's used.
             | 
             | If you take an aluminum can from 17g to 12g, that may
             | represent some cost savings in manufacturing and transport,
             | but the average soda drinker won't notice a difference.
             | 
             | But if you take an umbrella from 1700g to 1200g, _that 's_
             | the difference between something that's entirely unusable,
             | to something that has practical utility -- if only barely.
             | 500g would be much better. _All else being equal_ the
             | optimal weight for an umbrella is probably around 100g.
             | Enough to know it 's there, but not enough that extended
             | use by the fifth-percentile human would be difficult or
             | metabolically demanding.
             | 
             | If a human has to wear or carry it, and if there's a
             | meaningful weight/comfort threshold associated with the
             | product's use, every gram counts. Duct tape and aluminum
             | cans don't fall into this category -- but, at the same
             | time, this is why hiking and camping equipment tends to be
             | extremely light, and why the athletic shoe companies keep
             | researching lighter and better foams.
             | 
             | The problem is heightened in aerospace and automotive
             | engineering, where fuel economy mandates tend to impose
             | hard weight caps -- and getting a design in at well under
             | the cap is a real engineering accomplishment. Offhand, I
             | recall hearing that there was once a program where ~$15M
             | dollars were spent on efforts to make a commercial airplane
             | lighter. This resulted in about 20kg shaved off the
             | aircraft's weight. That doesn't sound like much of a value,
             | but the program was considered a great success.
        
           | jwagenet wrote:
           | Recycleability isn't really an issue because there isnt
           | really a consumer pipeline for recycling metals of
           | nonstandard shapes like cans. You certainly can't just throw
           | it in the recycling bin, and anything else is more friction.
        
         | bayindirh wrote:
         | > The reason for this imho isn't that people don't care about
         | the resources. It is rather that everyone has been conditioned
         | to assume that products are crappier than specified.
         | 
         | Personally I'm _very aware_ of the labor and resources required
         | to build a high quality item. This is why I buy them. It 's
         | made by humans, with great effort, to have a long life.
         | 
         | Honestly, I want all my items to "positively age" with me as
         | much as possible, and even if they become slightly insufficient
         | (storage devices, or electronics in general), I try to find
         | uses for them until they reach their true end of their life.
         | 
         | And yes, I don't like crappy items. I want to buy one item once
         | (or as few times possible) and have good performance performing
         | its function. It can be an umbrella, a shoe, a keyboard or a
         | pen. Anything, actually.
        
         | goeiedaggoeie wrote:
         | Agreed on using energy consumption and how many times do you
         | reasonably expect to use it as important considerations.
         | 
         | Additionally you have to factor in the toxicity you introduce,
         | especially with things like cookware.
         | 
         | An umbrella maybe a 1000 times (massive upper bound), but a le
         | creuset pot I would expect to use 3000 times, and we eat the
         | foot made in it.
        
         | spandrew wrote:
         | Ya this was the first thing I saw. It's a student project so we
         | should be open that he's learning, but I wouldn't call this
         | umbrella recyclable if it's constituent parts will likely end
         | up floating in the ocean forever.
         | 
         | If umbrella's were built with repairability in mind I would
         | love it, though. So many I've used were destined to break under
         | the strain of the wind.
        
         | tonetegeatinst wrote:
         | Also keep in mind that metal is stronger than plastic. Sure it
         | might rust if you don't use a preventitive coating....a coating
         | is not a paint BTW theirs a massive difference.
         | 
         | Plastic is cheaper. Sure those injection molds are expensive as
         | fuck to make and have a limited life just like anything but the
         | major reason plastic is seen as desirable is that its cheap,
         | and its way easier to produce 10000 plastic spoons than to cast
         | 10000 spoons. Casting isn't fast and takes up a lot of space
         | and its harder to heat up metal than plastic. And even if your
         | machining a part, plastic is just cheaper when it comes to the
         | footprint and the density of plastic is lower than metal which
         | means handling raw materials is easier.
         | 
         | The downside is recycling and lifespan. A good metal part beats
         | plastic when it comes to so many tests....but its not fast or
         | cheap to make. Is the metal recyclable....yes....but plastic
         | dosnt have to get up to insane temps to get it molten, and you
         | can machine plastic with basically anything as long as its
         | sharp, while metal machining is a process that needs really
         | strong sharp inserts, saws, or EDM machines, and all of that
         | means a heavier footprint both in weight,and carbon footprint.
        
       | kstrauser wrote:
       | This is an exercise in externalities. Sure, maybe the cheap
       | umbrella comes out ahead in a raw materials game: X number of
       | crummy ones may be more eco-friendly than a nice one that lasts Y
       | times as long.
       | 
       | As long as you don't consider anything else, like the fact you
       | have to employ Y times the person-hours to make the crummy ones,
       | and Y times the freight to deliver them, and Y times the customer
       | getting pissed off that their cheap umbrella broke and they have
       | to take time out of their day to acquire a replacement.
       | 
       | I swore off buying junky stuff a long time ago. Life's too short
       | to be surrounded by crap that's going to break the first time you
       | look at it wrong, student projects be damned.
       | 
       | (That doesn't mean I only buy luxury items. Far from it! You can
       | get Levi's Premium line jeans that last X longer than the
       | discount store ones for far less than X times the price. I've
       | worn the same pair of leather boots for 6 years now. I've had my
       | Birkenstocks resoled several times now instead of throwing them
       | out while the rest of the sandal's in great shape. It's usually
       | pretty easy to find the quality version of a given thing for not
       | much more than the junky one.)
        
         | nickff wrote:
         | I agree with some of your points, but what about the
         | frustration when someone breaks their nice & expensive umbrella
         | by accident, or has it stolen from them? What about the
         | inconvenience and anxiety of not wanting to lose it? What about
         | not having a spare to lend (but actually give) to a friend or
         | loved one?
        
           | kstrauser wrote:
           | Those are valid concerns, but I've found I keep my nicer
           | stuff _way_ longer than the cheaper things they replace.
           | 
           | I'm happy if I make it through a couple months with $30
           | sunglasses. I've had the same nicer ones for more than
           | proportionally longer. _For me_ , the difference is that I'm
           | more watchful of the nice things. I'm not about to take off
           | my good sunglasses and leave them somewhere that I'll forget
           | about them. I know where my nice (not expensive, just nice
           | and functional) water bottle is. I've kept the same pocket
           | knife for many years because I'd go back and get it if I
           | forgot to put it right back in my pocket after using it,
           | which I wouldn't do, because it's nice and I subconsciously
           | keep track of it.
           | 
           | However, I'm not dogmatic about this stuff. I want to own my
           | stuff and not have it own me. There's a half-empty six pack
           | of dirt cheap portable umbrellas over next to my shoe rack so
           | I can dole them out to my kids who'll inevitably lose them at
           | school.
        
             | bch wrote:
             | >> I swore off buying junky stuff a long time ago. Life's
             | too short to be surrounded by crap that's going to break
             | the first time you look at it wrong, student projects be
             | damned.
             | 
             | > For me, the difference is that I'm more watchful of the
             | nice things.
             | 
             | Or, the items come to integrate themselves into personal
             | rituals. Like you said, you want to own your things, and
             | not vice-versa, so its nice to not _stress_ over them, but
             | have them joyfully integrated into your life.
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | For sure. Everyone here who doesn't carry a bag knows the
               | routine: you stand up to leave and pat your pockets to
               | make sure they're all filled with the expected things. I
               | also have a glasses case that's always holding either my
               | regular glasses or sunglasses. My umbrella goes right to
               | the umbrella holder.
               | 
               | Huh, spelling it all out that sounds similar to my ADHD
               | rituals, for good reason. I've done so many things until
               | they're automatic habits.
        
           | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
           | Insurance.
           | 
           | The ability to quickly and more broadly insure any item, that
           | would actually be a great economic incentive for higher
           | quality goods. What the manufacturer doesn't make in sales
           | could be offset with insurance, and being a purely financial
           | product doesn't generate an impact in energy use, residues,
           | etc... in addition to being a steady revenue, something
           | companies today are trying to get with all sorts of
           | membership plans.
        
             | seventytwo wrote:
             | Zero people are going to insure an umbrella.
        
               | labster wrote:
               | Corporations are people, my friend. Homeowners insurance
               | already covers household items, making it an umbrella
               | policy.
        
               | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
               | There's a company around here that offers a membership
               | plan, allowing you to grab one umbrella on the automatic
               | dispensers around the city.
               | 
               | This sounds like insurance business model with extra
               | convenience. The cost of just one month is already the
               | price of an utilitarian umbrella, but you get a sturdy
               | umbrella with UV protection.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | If it was a lifetime-durable one and I knew the insurance
               | wasn't total bullshit[0], I definitely would.
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | [0] - Customer trust in the whole enterprise is always an
               | underappreciated factor.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | It used to be a feature of some manufacturers/sellers --
               | Tupperware, Cutco, Land's End (or was it LL Bean), you
               | could return damaged items even decades later and have
               | them replaced.
        
           | chihuahua wrote:
           | Many years ago, I used to like expensive pens. Over the
           | years, they were either stolen, lost, or damaged, so I
           | realized the futility of expensive pens. Now I'm used to
           | disposable pens, where I don't have to worry about whatever
           | happens to them.
           | 
           | At the same time, I have a lime-green plastic mechanical
           | pencil that I got from a Microsoft printer room, and it's
           | probably about 8 years old by now. This one never gets
           | stolen, lost, or damaged.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | Hmm, I'm not sure what it means to consider the Y times as many
         | people being employed making umbrellas as an externality. I
         | mean, there are more damaging (for the world) and more
         | unpleasant (for them) things they could get up to.
        
           | kstrauser wrote:
           | Making glass is probably a good industry to work in, but we
           | don't wish to employ window breakers to keep them busy.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | Two thoughts:
             | 
             | First: Are glass makers/window breakers actually an
             | externality? I guess the broken glass (not cleaned up by
             | anybody, so the price is foist on society) could be
             | considered an externality, but that isn't typically the
             | point of that story.
             | 
             | Aside: Or maybe, since breaking windows is usually a crime,
             | having people break windows as a job might incline them
             | toward other crimes. And further, if the field of window
             | breaking is lucrative and these window-breakers become
             | admired as a result, it could maybe cause a general
             | increased tendency toward criminality in society! This
             | could be seen as an externality, bringing in the other
             | story about broken windows. Maybe we're close to
             | discovering the grand unified theory of broken windows!
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broken_windows_theory .
             | 
             | Second: Poorly made umbrellas seem quite different from
             | glass makers/breakers. There's a price:quality trade off
             | with umbrellas, it just isn't where you (and I, actually, I
             | prefer a good solid umbrella too) want it to be. The glass
             | maker/breaker story is about the silliness of intentionally
             | destroying something the folks who made it can make money
             | replacing it.
             | 
             | Anyway, I think the umbrella employees aren't an
             | externality, they are just part of the cost of doing
             | business.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | There's also Y times more marketing, which is the more
           | damaging negative externality.
        
         | greenie_beans wrote:
         | bought a pair of levis in december, they now have a hole in the
         | crouch! this is the second pair in two years that have done
         | that. thought it might be user error, but they used to not do
         | this.
        
           | kstrauser wrote:
           | Where did you get them? They make jeans as nice or as cheaply
           | as stores want to carry.
           | 
           | This thread is representative of what I'm talking about: http
           | s://www.reddit.com/r/BuyItForLife/comments/uf591v/has_le...
           | 
           | The pair you find at an outlet is not the same as what you'd
           | get from their online store, let alone their "premium" or
           | "vintage" lines.
        
             | greenie_beans wrote:
             | i bought them online during a sale, was that my problem?
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | Wow, I'm not sure. I hope not. That's exactly how I got
               | my recent-ish "nice" jeans.
               | 
               | I'm not especially attached to Levis. They were just a
               | convenient example for why I think (hope!) the nicer ones
               | were worth the extra money. I'm certain lots of people
               | who could point us at something much better, although
               | perhaps with a proportional price tag.
        
       | harimau777 wrote:
       | Semi-off-topic, but I carry a unbreakable umbrella and have been
       | very happy with it. Worth a try if you are interested in a real
       | world application of this post.
       | 
       | https://unbreakableumbrella.com/
        
         | komali2 wrote:
         | I love the videos, but 200$ is a hard pill to swallow for an
         | umbrella!
        
           | jpgvm wrote:
           | Especially if living in Japan. You had best hope it came with
           | a GPS tracker.
        
         | Biganon wrote:
         | I think I'm missing the joke. Is it just an umbrella, or is it
         | a weapon as well?... They seem to constantly allude to it being
         | a weapon. Is it just because it's strong?
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Isn't any umbrella obviously looking like a weapon? Am I the
           | only one who role-played it's a rifle as a kid (and still do
           | as an adult, sometimes)?
           | 
           | And then, a well-made long umbrella would effectively double
           | as a cane, at which point it fits well in the martial art of
           | Bartitsu.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartitsu
           | 
           | EDIT: see also Bartitsu reference and other applications
           | here:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbrella#As_a_weapon_of_attack.
        
             | dunekid wrote:
             | I think this is cool and has been referenced in the
             | Kingsman?
        
       | brnaftr361 wrote:
       | I think Gandhi sorta covers the penultimate conclusion of this
       | train, and that's highly local production.
       | 
       | A sort of sentimentality and pride. Maybe you chipped in
       | somewhere along the chain, all the socks in the city have a
       | little bit of your blood, sweat, and tears in the fibers. I think
       | we try to replicate these sensations with all the green-washed
       | corporate mission statement bullshit, and psychologically I think
       | it's a very successful line. Practically, though, not so much.
       | 
       | This of course comes with the curing of all the one-size-fits all
       | shit, too.
        
       | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
       | Excellent article. I'm fascinated with this subject.
       | 
       | There is a temple in Japan that exists for hundreds of years.
       | It's the same temple only in a "Ship of Theseus" sense, as it
       | gets rebuilt every 20 years by experts. But in a sense, it's the
       | same temple.
       | 
       | Or take another example: dressing shoe. A shoemaker can reform
       | your father's and grandfather's shoe back to brand new if you so
       | desire. The materials are easily sourced, all it takes is trained
       | labor.
       | 
       | Why can't we have this for everything?
       | 
       | Modern economic practice has optimized for cutting back intensive
       | labour dependency in favor of simpler disposable goods. It's a
       | "win" from multiple angles: less durable goods means more sales,
       | costs of materials and residue are externalized anyway so that
       | makes up your margin, and you don't have to deal with expert
       | workers demanding better pay. It's beautifully optimized - just
       | not optimized for what matters.
       | 
       | If you think about it, bottled water is the ultimate bullshit
       | product. We put a freely occurring natural element in a plastic
       | bottle, and create an object with the absolute worst utility-to-
       | cost ratio. The object utility ends the moment you drink all the
       | water, the plastic will stay as a residue for thousands years.
       | 
       | But like a professor once said: water is free - therefor we
       | pollute the rivers with plastic by selling bottled water since
       | free water doesn't contribute to the GDP.
       | 
       | This discussion (how long should objects last?) is fundamentally
       | tied to current economic practice and incentives.
        
         | nsguy wrote:
         | Myself (and a few others) fought to get rid of bottled water
         | from our office. A location with great tap water quality.
         | Filtered water dispensers. But still people wanted to have
         | their (worse quality) bottled water. Eventually we won...
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | Bottled water is invaluable in places where the naturally
         | occurring water is not potable.
        
           | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
           | It is. That also isn't the reason keeping anyone in the
           | bottled water business.
           | 
           | The top 10 bottled water markets are countries with good to
           | excellent public water service.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | is flint, Michigan located inside one of these countries?
        
               | Kerb_ wrote:
               | Flint's city water is fine now, their biggest issue
               | currently is that the city didn't replace all the pipes
               | that they damaged in people's houses, so individuals are
               | still getting lead poisoning but it's not the city as a
               | whole. I personally don't think it's significantly better
               | but it's worth noting if you're using Flint as an
               | example.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Is Flint, Michigan a justification for bottled water
               | everywhere else in the US?
        
         | carlosjobim wrote:
         | I never understood the hate against bottled water. If you're on
         | the go and get thirsty, what's wrong with getting water instead
         | of an unhealthy soda? I can't drink only beer.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | because of all the oil and plastic (which comes from oil)
           | that is used to get it to you means more emissions which
           | contributes to global climate change.
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | In the described scenario, the oil and plastic are going to
             | be used either way; the only question is which liquid is
             | going to be inside the container.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | The described scenario is a false dichotomy.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | How so? People do need to hydrate while running errands
               | etc.
               | 
               | You could argue that we need to install more water
               | fountains around so that one doesn't need to use bottled
               | drinks for this. That's fine, but right here and now
               | there are very few working water fountains, so if someone
               | finds themselves in the middle of a city needing to
               | drink, bottled water is their best option; so why would
               | you disparage them for it?
        
           | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
           | Choosing between _bottled_ water or soda /beer is the false
           | dichotomy. Bottled water wasn't mass produced prior the 90s,
           | but started being heavily promoted since Pepsi and CocaCola
           | would go out of business with people cutting back soda
           | consumption.
           | 
           | I'm amazed how well their marketing worked to convince people
           | that water is literally toxic unless it comes bottled.
           | 
           | I have a funny story: I went to a place here in the country
           | with natural mineral water springs, the absolute purest water
           | dripping straight from the rock - but visitors (US and
           | Europe) not only requested but _insisted_ bottled water
           | during the stay. The funny part is the bottled water comes
           | from the same place.
        
             | iteria wrote:
             | I drink bottled water for a couple of reasons:
             | 
             | - I did not plan well and I'm now in a situation where I
             | need water I didn't bring my own bottle. I don't want to be
             | chained to a water fountain if one even exists conveniently
             | near me. - I don't like the taste of the water where I am.
             | Clean water isn't always tasty water. As someone who grew
             | up on aquifer water, I found the chemically water of my
             | college town hard to deal with. At least bottled water was
             | inoffensive. For some brands anyway. - I want easily
             | sharable water. This one became pretty important when I was
             | a parent. It's just easy to keep a bunch of water in my
             | trunk and pass it out to my and other kids on demand. I
             | knew people like this, but it wasn't until I had kids that
             | I got it. Kids will ignore their body needs and aren't
             | always capable of finding sources of water on the even if
             | they were aware.
        
               | BlueTemplar wrote:
               | _So_ much depends on having public spaces to be kid- (
               | /parents-) friendly !
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | FWIW, it may make sense to drink bottled water if you're
             | traveling to faraway places. At least that's how we were
             | briefed before a business trip to China - stick to bottled
             | water and boiled water, do _not_ drink tap water or some
             | natural source, because we 're not adapted to the local
             | bacteriological environment. A co-worker did not obey that
             | and ended up spending one of his trip sick instead of
             | working. But then again, I'm not sure how true this is -
             | after all, we'd all be exposed to the same pathogens when
             | showering.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | But only very slightly unless you deliberately drink
               | large quantities of shower water.
        
             | lupusreal wrote:
             | I've worked places where the water fountains are taped off
             | with notes saying the water isn't potable, and to get
             | bottled water from the fridge. Another scenario is walking
             | around town in the summer. Sometimes a park with a working
             | fountain is nearby, but if not then bottled water from a
             | shop is the low-effort option (you could also ask for a cup
             | of water from a restaurant, always free in America although
             | not necessarily in other parts of the world, but that
             | requires a more awkward social interaction..) If a working
             | clean water fountain is available I'm happy to drink from
             | it, but often that isn't the case.
        
             | carlosjobim wrote:
             | > I'm amazed how well their marketing worked to convince
             | people that water is literally toxic unless it comes
             | bottled.
             | 
             | Not too many people think this, there are so many places
             | where the tap water is not good for drinking.
             | 
             | I have never in my life heard anybody talk about improving
             | tap water to make it good for drinking, and when I mention
             | it people dismiss it. And then everybody rages against
             | bottled water.
             | 
             | > not only requested but insisted bottled water during the
             | stay.
             | 
             | Yes, this happens all the time. It is amazing how
             | distrustful people can be of fresh water in nature. I blame
             | it on urbanisation and the cattle-fication of the
             | population by the human farmers controlling schooling and
             | media.
        
           | febusravenga wrote:
           | I don't think it's hate for usage of bottled water outside of
           | home/on trip/in transit. The hate is about people using
           | bottled water in their home en masse even if they have it for
           | "free" in kitchen. Some been not consider drinking water from
           | public services and don't trust and public assurances of its
           | quality.
        
             | otherme123 wrote:
             | Where I live I have free tap water. But it's very
             | inconsistent: somedays it tastes like a swimming pool (safe
             | to drink, but...), and some days specially after heavy
             | rains it has so much dust in suspension that the major has
             | to reassure that it's safe to drink.
             | 
             | I can afford 5 liters of always clean, always taste free
             | water at less than 1EUR per bottle, so tap water doesn't
             | ruin my foods randomly.
        
               | dsego wrote:
               | Any thoughts on brita filters for rainy days when there
               | is high turbidity? I know we used to sometimes boil water
               | as a precaution when I was a kid.
        
               | otherme123 wrote:
               | Taste doesn't change that much, IMO. Slightly less
               | "earthy" taste, but still there. I had a Brita jar, not
               | the tap attachment. In my city I don't doubt the quality
               | to boil the water, just the taste. Still use tap water as
               | it comes to wash the fruit, vegetables, dishes... but
               | can't drink it.
        
           | onthecanposting wrote:
           | >I can't drink only beer.
           | 
           | Can't? Don't sell yourself short.
        
           | cultofmetatron wrote:
           | I carry around a water bottle but in a lot of places, the
           | only area you can refill is the public restroom. I'm npt
           | filling my drinks from there. but if there was areas with
           | clean filtered water, I'd even pay for it.
        
             | BlueTemplar wrote:
             | Why not, it's not like the input/output pipes are shared...
        
               | cultofmetatron wrote:
               | you ever seen how some people conduct themselves in a
               | public restroom?
        
               | jimbobthrowawy wrote:
               | In a lot of places, the water supply in bathrooms isn't
               | considered potable. I've seen stickers up in airports
               | advising this. e.g. every house I've lived in has had
               | cold/hot water fed from an uncovered tank in the attic.
        
         | VHRanger wrote:
         | The name for this is the Baumol Effect [1]. Sometimes called
         | the "cost disease".
         | 
         | The only real way to fix it is to increase the relative price
         | of raw materials used compared to labor. Yes, this means
         | government intervention, because it's a market failure.
         | 
         | A carbon tax would be a start, but there might have to be a
         | non-renewable raw materials tax in the future, as well.
         | 
         | 1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumol_effect
        
           | trgn wrote:
           | Slightly tangential. Somebody needs to eli5 why baumol effect
           | is supposed to be so paradoxical or special. Of course
           | services will tend to cost more over time as other industries
           | generate wealth increases. The value of an orchestra
           | performance is relative, two hours of enjoying art. Those two
           | hours of enjoying art are not a commodity, they will cost
           | whatever share of disposal income people like to spend on it.
           | 
           | I've encountered it so many times now, and for whatever
           | reason, my mind grinds to a halt, why is this a discovery,
           | what are the implications, why is it meaningful? Not being
           | facetious, sincerely asking.
        
             | VHRanger wrote:
             | It's surprising or meaningful because the parts of the
             | economy that don't get more productive get more expensive
             | as a fraction of overall costs as other things grow.
             | 
             | It's surprising because intuitively you'd think those
             | things would be devalued.
        
               | trgn wrote:
               | Thank you.
               | 
               | > It's surprising because intuitively you'd think those
               | things would be devalued.
               | 
               | I guess this is where my intuition totally fails. In an
               | economy that grows more productive, commodities _fall_ in
               | value, as they cost less to produce. A society with more
               | yards of linen is a wealthier one than one with fewer,
               | all things being equal. That intuitively makes sense. But
               | that non-commodities, say, two hours listening to music,
               | would need to fall because they aren't part of that
               | productivity increase in other industries makes no sense
               | to me. You pay performers for two hours of _your_
               | enjoyment, not theirs. So obviously you would value it
               | more if you're richer (say, as a highly productive linen
               | producer). I mean, simple supply-demand should still
               | explain it. Demand is elevated (more disposable income of
               | linen producers), and supply remains constrained (only so
               | many performers). Where is that paradox?
               | 
               | I don't know. Some things I never grok, and beaumol is
               | really one of these things.
        
               | VHRanger wrote:
               | I mean, think about a plumber or a carpenter. Those jobs
               | haven't really been more productive since the 1970s.
               | Sure, PEX or nail guns are marginally better than
               | previous methods, but not by that much.
               | 
               | But since we still need plumbers or carpenters, they're
               | more expensive than they were in the 1970s. Because of
               | opportunity cost - imagine 1h of plumber's time in terms
               | of TVs over 50 years.
               | 
               | Because all opportunity cost is translated to cash,
               | plumbers are more expensive now despite not being a
               | growth sector.
               | 
               | It's the economic equivalent to Amdahl's law in a sense.
               | Things that can't be easily improved become economic
               | bottlenecks (healthcare, education, construction).
        
               | trgn wrote:
               | > Those jobs haven't really been more productive
               | 
               | But their services aren't commodities. You're not paying
               | a plumber to lay pipe. You pay a plumber to be in a dry
               | house that doesn't smell like excrement. That value of
               | course rises since demand rises. So of course, their
               | labour value increases, since they're keeping the houses
               | of a wealthier people free of odors.
               | 
               | The same with education. The value of an education is the
               | entry cost to participate in a productive economy. Of
               | course that value is higher in more productive societies.
               | Why should cost of an education drop, if its value rises?
               | Again, it's not interchangeable in a global market,
               | education is not a commodity.
               | 
               | And I mean, imagine everybody's time in terms of cost of
               | TVs to produce, not just those in unproductive
               | industries. Isn't this just the effect of commodity
               | prices dropping?
               | 
               | Thanks for the explanation though, it starts to trickle,
               | but there's nothing unintuitive about cost disease to me.
               | It's just, well yeah, duh.
        
         | dunekid wrote:
         | >If you think about it, bottled water is the ultimate bullshit
         | product. We put a freely occurring natural element in a plastic
         | bottle, and create an object with the absolute worst utility-
         | to-cost ratio. The object utility ends the moment you drink all
         | the water, the plastic will stay as a residue for thousands
         | years.
         | 
         | Oh my! I have been telling people just this. The sheer number
         | of people who consume and throw this needlessly created
         | packages is baffling. We have figured out water and its
         | sanitation for most of the cases now. Just carrying a reusable
         | bottle with water from home, and refilling potable water from
         | sources you trust would save the environment from a lot of
         | empty bottles. I would not say everyone can do this. But a lot
         | of us can do this. Besides the bottles with less than a litre
         | capacity are the worst.
        
       | engineer_22 wrote:
       | TLDR: guy builds a bunch of umbrellas, but fails to answer the
       | question posed in the title.
        
         | radus wrote:
         | The answer is "it depends"
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | At least we got to see a milspec umbrella.
        
         | jkestner wrote:
         | I think the point was to explore different approaches and spark
         | discussion about what we care about.
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | As long as they can.
       | 
       | I can actually see all 3 of these umbrellas as being repairable,
       | just by different methods, and if I were forced to use any of
       | them, I would definitely attempt to keep them working as long as
       | I could. Maybe that's the ultimate lesson here.
       | 
       |  _An example is a coffee lid, sometimes it 's active use is less
       | than six seconds, but it's 'actual' life may be over a thousand
       | years._
       | 
       | A thousand years of "sleep", during which it may be reused or
       | recycled by those in the future in some as yet unknown way,
       | meanwhile continuing to store the energy that was expended in its
       | production. I like to think of "waste" as things which are merely
       | not _currently_ useful.
        
         | dawidloubser wrote:
         | That's a nice thought, but unfortunately the environmental cost
         | of "storing" all of this material - i.e. all the billions of
         | tonnes of plastic pollution already out there, and in there
         | (inside you in the form of microplastics) - doesn't come for
         | free.
         | 
         | It's a current problem, and we don't seem to have the
         | technology or even the political will to solve it currently.
        
       | Nevermark wrote:
       | That "Pretty Illogical" blob on the bottom-right would be all the
       | plastic packaging in the world.
       | 
       | A line between each "useful longevity" point, to the respective
       | "physical longevity" point (which in turn could be colored for
       | "benign" or "harmful"), would be provocative.
        
       | foota wrote:
       | I think they're missing a dimension, how annoying is something to
       | replace. In particular for car tires this called out to me. Going
       | to an auto shop is an all day adventure for me, whereas almost
       | anything else can easily be ordered or picked up without too much
       | hassle. Furniture is another category though where there's a non
       | trivial investment required to replace it.
       | 
       | Therefore, these should be more durable, even if they're not
       | something we're otherwise attached to.
       | 
       | You could also think about the consequences of something
       | breaking, and the cost of the loss of use.
       | 
       | E.g., for a car, if it breaks down you might run the risk of an
       | accident, and while it's broken down you might not be able to
       | commute to work, etc., whereas some things are relatively
       | inconsequential when they break.
        
         | bongodongobob wrote:
         | Car tires take about an hour and are actually one of the things
         | I buy used every time. 90% of the tread for 1/4 the price.
        
       | hydrox24 wrote:
       | @dang it would be good to link to the student's original website
       | with RCA rather than this reproduction on Core 77. The article at
       | Core 77 is almost entirely copy-pasted, and doesn't add any
       | value.
       | 
       | Original: https://2021.rca.ac.uk/students/charlie-humble-thomas/
        
         | nickm12 wrote:
         | Thank you! The Core 77 version was chewing up my CPU.
        
           | mkerrigan wrote:
           | Same thing happened to me so I'm glad I'm not the only one.
        
         | amykhar wrote:
         | The other cool thing about the original article is you can find
         | other student projects there - some of which are quite fun.
        
         | twic wrote:
         | For anyone in or near London, the RCA degree show is worth a
         | visit:
         | 
         | https://www.rca.ac.uk/news-and-events/events/rca2024/
         | 
         | Lots of really interesting work across a huge range of
         | disciplines, from industrial design like this, through digital
         | stuff and service design, to architecture, to fine art, to
         | animation. I've been many times. It's hell on my feet but worth
         | it!
        
         | jimbobthrowawy wrote:
         | @dang is a no-op. Someone shoot off an email.
        
       | c_o_n_v_e_x wrote:
       | How is the technology in a product expected to change over time?
       | 
       | If you're expecting modest or radical changes (with presumably
       | big boosts in efficiency, performance, etc.), why build a long
       | life span product? In a rapidly changing environment, keeping old
       | equipment can be detrimental. Servers can last longer than what
       | they are rated for. Depending on SKU, Intel CPUs are rated for 3,
       | 5, or even 10 years of use, however, servers are
       | refreshed/replaced because of the ongoing performance increases
       | per unit electrical consumption from newer CPU SKUs. In
       | businesses where IT equipment isn't core to the business, old
       | equipment is kept around if IT efficiency isn't really a concern,
       | there's a very high cost of re-engineering, or re-certifying a
       | system.
       | 
       | If changes are not reasonably expected, then build products that
       | last a long time. One of my children will inherit my kitchenaid
       | blender.
        
       | moonchild wrote:
       | Is the full dissertation available anywhere? The link on the
       | author's website is dead.
        
       | ooterness wrote:
       | The durable umbrella weighs in at 1.7 kg / 3.7 lb, four times
       | what a normal umbrella would weigh. That is absurdly impractical.
        
         | pxndxx wrote:
         | From TFA: [...] the assumption of 'less but better' being a
         | superior approach to product design is rarely practically
         | evaluated.
         | 
         | The third umbrella in the series takes durability to an almost
         | cartoon-like level [...]
         | 
         | This was a study of materials and design, not a product someone
         | would like to sell . It's research on object longevity.
        
           | xg15 wrote:
           | Yes, but with all studies, it can be made in an objective way
           | or in a way that already enforces a particular conclusion.
           | 
           | This is why, in serious scientific work, so much focus is
           | placed on methods and reproducibility.
           | 
           | Here he used the less rigorous field of arts and design to
           | wiggle out of that responsibility and present a blatantly
           | biased study.
        
             | dunekid wrote:
             | We can think of it as the arts equivalent of the spherical
             | cows in vacuum.
        
       | foobarkey wrote:
       | Objects should completely break down 1d after warranty expires so
       | we can sell another one to the customer. This will increase
       | economic growth, profits and GDP and helps with yacht purchases
        
       | wtcactus wrote:
       | A find this topic fascinating, and several times in the past I
       | tried (mostly unsuccessfully) to buy items (mainly clothing and
       | shoes/boots) that are made to last a long time.
       | 
       | Is there any project that tracks these high durability items?
        
         | landgenoot wrote:
         | Reddit r/BuyItForLife
        
           | alextingle wrote:
           | That subreddit is basically just an ad for various crappy US
           | brands. There is zero interest in discussion of actual BIFL
           | products, or practices.
        
             | ericmcer wrote:
             | If I wanted to hire a bunch of fake accounts to upvote my
             | shill posts it does seem like a great subreddit to do it
             | in.
        
       | Tabiroxx wrote:
       | industrial Design Student Work @data #story
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | Yeah, sorry. If you prop-up the "recyclable" umbrella with
       | corpospeak sentences like this one:
       | 
       | > _The Recyclable Umbrella is a reappraisal of the potential for
       | plastic, a material which if properly managed offers carbon
       | savings and excellent recyclability when compared with many
       | organic alternatives._
       | 
       | (ignoring that this construction would probably break on a
       | moderately windy day, and naively assumes that it won't end up on
       | a landfill only because it _could_ be recycled)
       | 
       | and then purposely over-engeneer the "long-lived" variant so it
       | weighs 1.7 kilos and is practically unusable, you have motivated
       | reasoning.
       | 
       | The whole artsy handwaving of this piece also ignores that
       | planned obsolescence often happens in products where the amount
       | of uses is well-known and generally independent on the product's
       | materials, e.g. dishwashers, fridges, etc.
        
       | pfdietz wrote:
       | I'd just go with some kind of raincoat.
        
       | Temporary_31337 wrote:
       | Once you start optimising for one parameter the other ones
       | suffer. Over 500g for an umbrella is not acceptable in the space
       | age.
       | 
       | I bought a cheap Chinese umbrella for $10. It almost never gets
       | used. It probably is not designed to be repairable or durable yet
       | I have had it for over ten years so the environmental impact is
       | minimal. It is also very lightweight so I have it with me often.
        
       | hamilyon2 wrote:
       | I really appreciate that they added weight to the description.
       | Puts things into perspective. Nowadays typically umbrella weights
       | 300 to 500 grams
        
       | remorses wrote:
       | Insurance period minus one standard deviation
        
       | v3ss0n wrote:
       | I thought its about programming and someone is planning to
       | implement timer based garbage collectors.
        
       | jameshart wrote:
       | I am confused by what people in the academic design/art community
       | think the word 'celebrate' means.
        
       | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
       | If I have to use the stainless steel umbrella x6 just for it to
       | be equal to the garbage-tier plastic umbrella, then I will
       | landfill six of the plastic umbrellas. I know it's meant to be
       | recyclable, and I will dutifully put it in the recycle bin, but
       | then my city government will contract it out to some outfit that
       | picks through to find some token recyclables and sends the rest
       | to landfill anyway.
       | 
       | So, out of 100 uses of the durable umbrella, or 100 uses of the
       | garbage umbrellas (across six of those), which is a more pleasant
       | experience? Am I wrong to think that it's the obvious one? The
       | umbrella that doesn't flex in the wind like it's going to snap
       | off? The one that doesn't feel slimy for the three days it'll
       | take to dry, the one in fact that won't take that long to dry?
       | The one that doesn't accumulate grime but if it did could easily
       | be wiped off and then be as clean as the day it was bought new?
       | How often does thermoset plastic get a bad mix and end up being a
       | little more brittle than usual? How often does the injection mold
       | not fill completely, but it sails past QA, and so the umbrella
       | handle will snap off when there's a gust... and with my luck when
       | I'm halfway between the car and the building? If someone had a
       | toddler chewing on it, or a dog, which holds up better? The worst
       | you can say about the stainless steel is that it might prompt a
       | trip to the dentist.
       | 
       | For anything that I'll use throughout my life, I think I prefer
       | the "durable", unless it's just impossible from an engineering
       | standpoint or is cost-prohibitive.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-05-09 23:02 UTC)