[HN Gopher] Who Wants to Be a Thousandaire? (2011)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Who Wants to Be a Thousandaire? (2011)
        
       Author : EndXA
       Score  : 201 points
       Date   : 2024-05-08 11:27 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.damninteresting.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.damninteresting.com)
        
       | nchase wrote:
       | This shows up here every now and then. Interesting story!
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9570713
        
       | underseacables wrote:
       | That was a delightful read. I wont give away the plot but I say
       | good for him.
        
       | havaloc wrote:
       | Highly recommend at least skimming the full episode.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/WltjaxiowW4?si=KkVJPy_e7ALQulE-
        
         | katangafor wrote:
         | wow "lightning-fast reflexes" is not overstated!! That looks
         | incredibly difficult to pull off for so long. Thanks for the
         | link
        
           | mrb wrote:
           | Meh, I am not that impressed by the reflexes. I counted the
           | number of video frames in the youtube video
           | (https://youtu.be/WltjaxiowW4?si=KkVJPy_e7ALQulE-) and each
           | square stays lit up for 8 frames, or 270 ms. This is quite
           | long. If you memorize the particular pseudo-random sequence
           | (as Michael did), it's pretty easy to hit a given square
           | reliably.
           | 
           | The key insight and most difficult trick is not having fast
           | reflexes, but actually discovering the pseudo-random sequence
           | is not completely random, and memorizing it.
        
           | gosub100 wrote:
           | Supposedly one of the reasons Ken Jennings did so well was he
           | gamed the timing of the buzzer. Apparently it's locked while
           | Alex (rip) reads the question and there is a delay if you
           | jump the gun. In addition to being smart enough to answer
           | most of the questions, of course.
        
           | Dove wrote:
           | I had the opposite reaction. This didn't look that hard.
           | 
           | Then again, I have a lot of experience in two related
           | contexts: I like timing-oriented video games, and I am a
           | musician.
           | 
           | The game show movements look to me to take about a quarter of
           | a second, or 250 ms. This is slow enough to make winning by
           | skill just barely possible. Scientifically speaking, I think
           | 200 ms is considered a good reaction time for a normal person
           | - and the game show requires a bit of processing, so will be
           | a bit slower. Even if everything on the show were truly
           | random, if you simplified things by watching one square and
           | waiting for it to be lit up and not a whammy, I'd expect an
           | average person to just barely be able to hit the button
           | before the game moved on. Controller delay could spoil that,
           | but no doubt the game is designed with this threshold in
           | mind, to give the tantalizing impression that you can maybe
           | do it. Superhuman timing wouldn't be needed - whether by
           | training or genetics, people who specialize in reacting fast
           | can manage times more like 100-150ms.
           | 
           | Predicting makes things much easier. A demanding but reliable
           | target in a timing-oriented video game (but where you can see
           | the required input coming) might be around 50ms. As one
           | example, A Dance Of Fire And Ice seems to consider you
           | moderately inconsistent if your inputs are precise to about
           | 40-60 ms. As another point of reference, Dark Souls 2 offers
           | the player a window of invulnerability time they can use to
           | negate attacks. This combines elements of prediction,
           | reaction, and action delay. The game is widely considered
           | punishingly difficult (but people do it) at the default value
           | of 166 ms and unproblematic around a buffed value of 400ms.
           | 
           | As a musician, it's common to play a piece of music in which
           | beats are 500 ms, and subdividing them into quarters of that
           | (so 125 ms) is so routine that you are expected to do it
           | _correctly_ and can clearly identify when someone has done it
           | _wrong_. I don 't know how precise musicians are exactly, but
           | I do remember once playing an electronic instrument with a
           | 12ms delay and being surprised to find it so imprecise that I
           | had a hard time making music the way I wanted to. I didn't
           | realize I was sensitive to tens of milliseconds in a musical
           | context, but I guess I must be? At any rate, I would expect
           | any reasonably experienced musician to consider hitting a 250
           | ms beat, on the beat, to be very easy.
        
         | eddieroger wrote:
         | If you go in to this knowing he knows how to beat the game,
         | you'll also note that he reacts before he knows what prize he
         | got, and is just reacting to landing on the right spot. Surely
         | someone caught that in the moment, but couldn't have put
         | together that he was celebrating because he knew he'd won.
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | $331,381.55 in 2024 dollars. If only he'd invested it in the
       | stock market rather than half-assed ponzi schemes he could have
       | been reasonably comfortable.
        
         | somenameforme wrote:
         | The whole point of money is being able to do what you enjoy.
         | And it's clear he absolutely loved these shenanigans. Losing
         | it, regaining it, and finding something new - that was what he
         | wanted and seemingly spent his entire life doing. The journey
         | was the destination.
         | 
         | You can see this everywhere in all aspects of life as well.
         | Jeff Bezos, and countless other billionaires, could easily
         | retire tomorrow and have enough money to do essentially
         | anything they could even dream of. So what do they do? Continue
         | to work 60 hours a week doing pretty much the same stuff they
         | were doing on their way up. Because they _love_ it.
         | 
         | On the other end of the spectrum countless rappers have managed
         | to break out of a life of crime to become successful and make
         | millions. Yet many end up right back in that life of crime.
         | It's because they enjoy the lifestyle. They don't want to just
         | be comfortable, but to actually do what they enjoy.
        
           | HumblyTossed wrote:
           | > Continue to work 60 hours a week
           | 
           | I do not, even for an instant, believe they pull those kinds
           | of numbers.
        
             | somenameforme wrote:
             | Time reviewed a study based on some 256 CEOs here. [1] The
             | average work week ended up at just over 58 hours. Here [2]
             | is a post from Forbes where they surveyed 50 billionaires
             | on how many hours they work per week. For 60% it was at
             | least 60 hours.
             | 
             | Imagine tomorrow - you finally 'made it'. You have
             | $15k/month guaranteed income, forever. It's not like that's
             | a destination, because at that point you need to decide in
             | a point for your life. Relentless hedonism is really
             | awesome for like a year or two, but even that becomes
             | rapidly unfulfilling. So... what now? For some it's work,
             | others go for religion, others just end up playing 'make
             | number go up' with their earnings, and so on. But the point
             | is you need to find something to do with your life.
             | "Comfort" is a false destination, because it's not a
             | destination - once you reach it, you just immediately start
             | going down a new path that can even take you further away
             | from where you were - as in this guy's case.
             | 
             | [1] - https://time.com/4076563/ceos-productivity/
             | 
             | [2] - https://twitter.com/forbes/status/498274992694784000
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | I'm surprised no one has replaced the entire Wikipedia
               | page on Sampling Bias with a link to this study that only
               | looked at the work habits of CEOs.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | This would only be sampling bias if someone made the
               | claim that working 58 hours/week is what you need to
               | become a rich CEO. That claim is false, but a survey of
               | CEOs only would make it seem true. (there are lots of
               | people working 60+ hours/week in low end jobs that will
               | never make CEO - as any sample would tell you)
               | 
               | The claims here though are CEOs generally work more than
               | average despite their high income where they seem to have
               | plenty of money. That claim checks out.
        
               | HumblyTossed wrote:
               | > Surprisingly though, meetings aren't what take up most
               | of CEOs' time. For 6.55 hours per day, the executives say
               | they actually work alone, strategizing, planning, and
               | reviewing reports.
               | 
               | Yeah....
               | 
               | Or, like Elmo, they spend 20 hours a day on Twitter(x).
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | Did losing half his net worth in a robbery contribute to his
           | enjoyment of life? From his subsequent behaviour towards his
           | girlfriend, it seems like it didn't.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | If what you truly enjoy is stealing from others then it's
           | time to reevaluate your life.
        
         | mrb wrote:
         | If he had invested the prize in the S&P500, in order to be able
         | to live from the investment income for 50 years (Michael was
         | aged 33 when he won), he would have been able to withdraw only
         | about $10,040 per year, in 1982 dollars, which is equivalent to
         | $32,500 in today's dollars, which is a minimum wage salary. I
         | don't think this is "reasonably comfortable".
         | 
         | The CAGR of the S&P 500, including dividends reinvested,
         | inflation-adjusted, was about 9% in the 1982-2024 period [1],
         | and my Python script below shows that starting with $110k, with
         | this 9% CAGR, he would run out of money in about 50 years:
         | t = 110e3        for y in range(50):          t *= 1.09
         | t -= 10040          print(1982 + y, round(t))
         | 
         | Output:                   1982 $109850         1983 $109687
         | 1984 $109508         1985 $109314         1986 $109102
         | 1987 $108871         1988 $108620         1989 $108346
         | 1990 $108047         1991 $107721         1992 $107366
         | 1993 $106979         1994 $106557         1995 $106097
         | 1996 $105596         1997 $105049         1998 $104454
         | 1999 $103805         2000 $103097         2001 $102326
         | 2002 $101485         2003 $100569         2004 $99570
         | 2005 $98482         2006 $97295         2007 $96001
         | 2008 $94592         2009 $93055         2010 $91380
         | 2011 $89554         2012 $87564         2013 $85394
         | 2014 $83030         2015 $80453         2016 $77643
         | 2017 $74581         2018 $71244         2019 $67606
         | 2020 $63640         2021 $59318         2022 $54606
         | 2023 $49471         2024 $43873         2025 $37772
         | 2026 $31121         2027 $23872         2028 $15971
         | 2029 $7358         2030 $-2030 # no more money         2031
         | $-12263
         | 
         | (But actually he died early in 1999, so if he had know that he
         | could have spent more yearly...)
         | 
         | [1] https://dqydj.com/sp-500-return-calculator/
        
       | helboi4 wrote:
       | It is hilarious how much effort some poeple will go to to make
       | money through scams when they could spend the effort doing
       | something sustainable. Or at least once you get away with one
       | scam, use it for actual business, don't blow it on testing your
       | luck again and again!
        
         | quacked wrote:
         | Scamming is fun, you don't have to be predictable or reliable
         | or follow social norms, and your ceiling is limited by your own
         | desire rather than a time schedule or a pay structure. (Of
         | course, these days some scammers run firms with office space,
         | schedules, and incentive structures!)
         | 
         | Also, a score yields some satisfying resentment; you're getting
         | one over on those bastards.
         | 
         | I think a lot of people don't really have a good theory of mind
         | of career criminals. The vast majority aren't regretfully
         | finding themselves driven into crime; they like it and it's
         | fun.
        
           | daniel_reetz wrote:
           | Exactly. It's cousins with the hacker mindset. And it is fun
           | & comes with a thrill. If your mindset is "crime bad,
           | criminals stupid, why?", you might try getting away with
           | something sometime. It's a special pleasure.
        
             | sniggers wrote:
             | Hacking doesn't hurt people, theft/scamming does
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | depends on if you're a black or white hat hacker. black
               | hat hackers absolutely go around hurting people
        
           | LargeWu wrote:
           | It's a hard way to make an easy living.
        
             | quacked wrote:
             | It's funny because it's just as grinding, repetitive, and
             | nit-picky as normal work is. But I think the big draws are
             | the excitement and the fact that you can do it on whatever
             | schedule works for you, meaning you only work when you feel
             | like you need cash. You're not in the rat race.
        
           | BizarroLand wrote:
           | I mean, who among us wouldn't watch 6 months of television
           | with all of our spare time and take a bus from Ohio to LA for
           | $331,381.55 in cash and prizes? (Roughly adjusted for
           | inflation)
           | 
           | After all, it made for gripping television that is still
           | being talked about today, they didn't lose on the exchange.
        
             | throwaway173738 wrote:
             | If you think about it you're basically describing engineer
             | number one at a startup.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | >> could spend the effort doing something sustainable.
         | 
         | There are large groups of people in the US who are very limited
         | in what they can do. Convicted criminals cannot get certain
         | jobs. Sex offenders are basically barred from most all
         | employment. Illegal immigrants have problems with finance. I
         | wouldn't say that all scammers come from such backgrounds, but
         | it is incorrect to say that anyone and everyone is free to do
         | anything.
        
           | helboi4 wrote:
           | my guy, i never said that. im just shocked that a guy like
           | this would bother to keep scamming over and over again and
           | losing money when he managed to get enough money to lift
           | himself out of any sort of poverty the first time and could
           | have used it more wisely.
        
         | immibis wrote:
         | Whatever ways you're thinking of, I bet they aren't as
         | sustainable as you think.
         | 
         | Both entrepreneurs and scammers are trying all sorts of
         | different ways to make money until they find something that
         | happens to actually work.
        
         | taneq wrote:
         | Cue that Key and Peele sketch about robbing a bank by posing as
         | tellers and stealing only a couple of hundred dollars a day to
         | avoid suspicion...
        
           | smugma wrote:
           | https://youtu.be/jgYYOUC10aM?si=rxaTsdV3kGpQM-SR
           | 
           | Hadn't seen it, it's well-executed.
        
           | zuminator wrote:
           | My interpretation of that gag isn't that they're stealing
           | anything, but that when you actually parse the wannabe
           | mastermind's scheme, they're actually just working for the
           | bank and getting paid as regular employees.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | It's all about finding a repeatable game and because he found
         | one exploit he thought he could find others.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | What about people that steal metal from buildings? Pull retail
         | scams?
        
         | mvdwoord wrote:
         | Money won is twice as sweet as money earned.
         | 
         | ~ Fast Eddie Felson
        
           | TimTheTinker wrote:
           | It's also lost 100 times as fast.
        
             | peteradio wrote:
             | Money won by definition is not lost so therefore I'm rich!
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | > It is hilarious how much effort some poeple will go to to
         | make money through scams
         | 
         | Ego, in a word. The type of personality that does this thinks
         | they're smarter than everyone else and seek to prove it.
         | 
         | Working is for chumps like us.
        
           | burnished wrote:
           | Scamming aint easy, just sleazy
        
         | araes wrote:
         | Had that thought too, twice as much work just to steal the
         | money. Yet, if you look, America often rewards (or at least
         | encourages) thieves, rogues, scoundrels, ect...
         | 
         | Santos? Mostly encouragement if anything. Probably run for
         | Governor.
         | 
         | Bernie Madoff? He had to turn himself in. 'treated in prison
         | like a "Mafia don".' From WP:
         | 
         | > They call me either Uncle Bernie or Mr. Madoff. I can't walk
         | anywhere without someone shouting their greetings and
         | encouragement, to keep my spirit up. It's really quite sweet,
         | how concerned everyone was about my well being, including the
         | staff ... It's much safer here than walking the streets of New
         | York.
         | 
         | Catch Me if You Can? Everybody wants to be the Wolf of Wall St.
         | 
         | Michael? Girlfriend, interviews, writeups, social fascination.
        
           | open592 wrote:
           | Not quite sure I would blindly trust this account from
           | Madoff, as it was made within a letter to his daughter-in-law
           | who disliked him due to how hard this situation was on her
           | husband (who later committed suicide). She wrote him purely
           | to boast about the life he was missing out on, and to
           | chastise him about what he had done to his family.
           | 
           | There are also accounts of him being injured (some accounts
           | saying severely) during his early years within prison.
           | 
           | Obviously as he spent more years in the system he became more
           | comfortable and may have had a more or less "easy" life. But
           | I would guess that his life wasn't like something out of
           | Goodfellas.
        
       | ekanes wrote:
       | Fun read. My favorite line: "Six months later, in May 1984,
       | Michael Larson sat beardily in the interview room for the Press
       | Your Luck auditions in Hollywood."
        
         | its_ethan wrote:
         | I liked the call back to this later: "With a raspy voice he
         | _unbeardily_ reminisced about his game show exploits  "
        
           | baobabKoodaa wrote:
           | I'm not a native English speaker. Is there some kind of
           | double entendre here? Or does it just mean "with beard" and
           | "without beard"?
        
             | its_ethan wrote:
             | To me it's just a creative way to describe his current
             | appearance using a ("fake") adjective instead of "with a
             | noun". Basically just turning a noun into an adjective for
             | the fun of it. Because it's a short written piece, it's
             | just a fun way to call attention to his having (or not
             | having) a distinct physical appearance at two points in
             | time.
             | 
             | So these aren't "real" words, and as far as I'm aware there
             | isn't really any double entendre. It would be like saying
             | "he sat there, t-shirt-edly, and blah blah" and then later,
             | "he appeared, un-t-shirt-ily, blah blah" to describe him
             | being dressed vs shirtless. Not the best example, but yea,
             | your interpretation is correct.
        
       | thraxil wrote:
       | My friend in college in the 90's called his punk radio show "What
       | wants to be a hundredaire?"
        
         | sircastor wrote:
         | I remember listening to a morning radio show and one of their
         | contest radio lines was "we're giving away... dollars-worth of
         | prizes"
        
           | xanderlewis wrote:
           | Sounds like RSK-era XFM. If anyone here knows...
        
           | vundercind wrote:
           | Relatedly, there used to be a radio ad for a local company
           | that bragged "serving [city] for over a twentieth of a
           | century"
        
       | hnfong wrote:
       | Here's an actual case where understanding computer science would
       | have been immensely helpful...
       | 
       | > The motivation for this aberrant behavior was a contest put on
       | by a local radio station. Each day a disk jockey would read a
       | serial number aloud on the air, and if any listener was able to
       | produce the matching dollar bill they would win $30,000. Michael
       | reasoned that 100,000 one dollar bills was 100,000 opportunities
       | to win the prize, giving him a statistical advantage. And even if
       | his scheme proved fruitless he would just redeposit his money, so
       | he figured he had nothing to lose.
       | 
       | > Michael and Teresa spent each day rifling through piles of cash
       | looking for matches, pausing only for such distractions as
       | eating, bathing, and excreting. They soon realized that it was
       | impossible for two people to examine that much money in the
       | allotted time
       | 
       | (sort then binary search)
        
         | taneq wrote:
         | Maybe less lucrative but when we had some new bookshelves
         | installed and moved all our books onto them I used mergesort to
         | get them in order. ;)
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Bucket-(insert-)sort is also an all time favorite. I've
           | taught it to many people already.
           | 
           | It helps that it works in a very intuitive way.
        
             | noman-land wrote:
             | Teach it to us! I'm not familiar with this.
        
               | jasonjmcghee wrote:
               | It's bucket sort, and parent is suggesting insertion sort
               | within each bucket as the pre-merge step.
               | 
               | Say you're sorting alphabetically by title. You make one
               | bucket per letter- put books into their respective bucket
               | based on first letter of title. Then sort using insertion
               | sort within each bucket. Then you're done.
               | 
               | (insertion sort is the human natural one- look for where
               | the next one goes based on what you have so far and
               | insert)
               | 
               | Same works for other heuristics.
        
           | hennell wrote:
           | I've often pondered the optimal book organisation, sorting
           | and inserting system. Organising by subject seems a good
           | start, but then you have size to conser. Then you also tend
           | to arrange by space - i.e. you might put two subjects
           | together based more on similar size or shelf capacity then
           | logical subject grouping.
           | 
           | For inserts a reverse-sorted inserting-from-the-back makes
           | most sense to reduce moving of books, but I suspect there's
           | probably an optimal 'free space' value to allow for easier
           | inserting.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | > I've often pondered the optimal book organisation
             | 
             | Let me introduce you to an option I recently found. I went
             | to get a book from our (large) bookcase and found they'd
             | all been reorganised based on cover colour.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | that's grounds for divorce
        
         | mattmaroon wrote:
         | I had the same thought too, if you take the time to sort the
         | bills the lookups are easy. And it probably doesn't take much
         | more time to sort them than it does to go through them all once
         | looking for a number.
        
           | tromp wrote:
           | For a radix sort on the 8 digit USD serial numbers, it takes
           | 8x more time (the 2 letters can be ignored). That could be
           | halved by radix sorting on pairs of digits, but then keeping
           | track of 100 piles instead of 10 probably negates most of the
           | gain. In practice, partial sorting suffices to reduce the
           | serial number search time to a reasonably short amount, e.g.
           | by 4 rounds of radix sorting.
        
             | mattmaroon wrote:
             | Right, so basically by your ninth time doing this you'd
             | have broken even (ish) on time. He was doing it every day
             | so that'd be a great investment.
             | 
             | It also would reduce the possibility of errors greatly I'd
             | think.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | 100k bills doesn't need an exact sort to be vastly
               | faster.
               | 
               | Day one you sort by first digit, then keep sorting
               | matching digits stopping when you have say 20 numbers in
               | a pile. My guess is you break even on day 2 and the first
               | day is only slightly worse.
        
               | mattmaroon wrote:
               | That's a good point, each individual sort probably takes
               | only slightly longer than just looking through them for
               | the number. So the actual sorting might not really add
               | much time at all
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | in a _single_ round of digit-pair radix sorting, you can
             | put 100 piles of [?]1000 bills each into 10x10 cubbyholes,
             | a piece of furniture which is small enough to fit on a
             | desk. then you need about 20 minutes to linearly search
             | through one such pile when the dj announces a number, which
             | is probably fast enough to win
             | 
             | if you have a second cubbyhole array, when you linearly
             | search through a pile chosen from the first cubbyhole
             | array, you can radix-sort that pile by another two digits,
             | dividing it into piles of [?]10 bills. those piles are
             | small enough that you can keep them sorted as you build
             | them without much loss of efficiency, even on a computer
             | 
             | if you can fill the first array with 100 wallets with 10
             | numbered tabs each, like the tabbed dividers in a looseleaf
             | notebook, you can divide the bills into 1000 piles on the
             | first radix-sorting pass. in practice it might be too much
             | work to find or make the wallets
             | 
             | but i think the sad thing about michael larson's story is
             | not that he didn't know enough about computer 'science'
             | (or, i guess, library 'science'), but that he spent more
             | effort searching for a hack that would make hard things
             | easy than it would have taken to do them the hard way,
             | destroying his personal relationships in the process
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Maybe, but even then I doubt the scheme was well thought out.
         | He had 100,000 bills but the total number of serial numbers is
         | many magnitudes greater than that. The chance that he'd
         | actually have a hit was close to zero. And that is assuming the
         | contest was legitimate in the first place.
        
           | npilk wrote:
           | Seems like the classic form of this contest would be for the
           | radio DJ to pull a bill out of his wallet and read that
           | serial number over the air...
        
             | CleanRoomClub wrote:
             | Haha this is what I was thinking. Did anyone ever actually
             | win this prize?
        
             | easton wrote:
             | IIRC serial numbers aren't unique. Even if the DJ was doing
             | that, there would still be a chance. (albeit extremely
             | small)
        
               | hiatus wrote:
               | > A unique combination of eleven numbers and letters
               | appears twice on the front of the note. Each note has a
               | unique serial number. The first letter of the serial
               | number corresponds to the series year.
               | 
               | https://www.uscurrency.gov/denominations/bank-note-
               | identifie...
        
               | chungy wrote:
               | It's not the whole story. In genuine currency, serial
               | numbers are only unique within a series. Series 2017A and
               | series 2021 notes can (and in fact do, since they start
               | over at A00000001A) have identical serial numbers.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | In 2014, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP)
               | accidentally assigned overlapping sets of serial numbers
               | for replacements notes to its currency-printing
               | facilities in both Washington, D.C. and Fort Worth,
               | Texas. The overlap occurred from serial numbers
               | B00000001* to B00250000* and B03200001* to B09600000*. On
               | the lower right-side of the front of the note, the
               | letters "FW" with the face plate number indicate it was
               | printed in Fort Worth.
               | 
               | https://www.pmgnotes.com/news/article/9321/Duplicate-
               | serial-...
        
               | didgeoridoo wrote:
               | You're thinking of parallel numbers.
        
               | jujube3 wrote:
               | I can explain. But first, we have to talk about parallel
               | universes and half-button-presses.
        
             | seeknotfind wrote:
             | Great way to catch forgeries
        
             | adrianmonk wrote:
             | That would be fraud by the radio station, wouldn't it? You
             | can't run a contest that is impossible to win.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | So? Who's gonna know?
        
           | abecedarius wrote:
           | Looking at a dollar bill, I guess the serial-number space is
           | 8 digits plus 2 letters. So naively the chance of any hit
           | with 10^5 bills is 1 in 676000, yeah. (But maybe the serials
           | were smaller then?)
           | 
           | Re the lookup problem, you could initially "hash" all the
           | bills by say the two leading figures, in your first pass.
           | 
           | It's all way stupider than the game-show hack.
        
             | abecedarius wrote:
             | Other comments take the letters to not count, which would
             | make the chance 1/1000 per trial -- not so ridiculous.
        
           | uses wrote:
           | Yeah like, even if he somehow owned 10% of all dollar bills
           | in existence and had a somewhat efficient way of looking them
           | up, his expected value is still only $3,000! Does it really
           | make sense to do all the work of taking your hard-earned,
           | once in a lifetime windfall of $100000 (easily 4x the median
           | annual income at the time, even for a person who had a steady
           | professional job), out of the literal bank where it safely
           | sits making ~10% interest in the mid 80s, and store it in
           | your messy house in drawers and trash bags, for the
           | opportunity to make 3% back? Not the thoughts of a rational
           | person!
        
             | chinchilla2020 wrote:
             | You mean the E[V] is 103,000. He still gets to keep the
             | 100,000 he withdrew and re-deposit it.
        
               | throwaway482945 wrote:
               | I wouldn't consider the original 100K to be part of the
               | expected value since that's money they already have, not
               | money they're winning...
        
             | forinti wrote:
             | He should have just put it in a savings account and looked
             | for something else.
        
         | uses wrote:
         | Yeah this part bothered me. It's surprising if they really
         | didn't immediately realize randomly looking at single bills was
         | an impossible strategy.
         | 
         | Kind of an interesting problem. Complete sorting in a timely
         | manner is basically not possible because of the physical
         | reality of 100k pieces of paper. But maybe you can group the
         | bills into 100 piles of "last 2 digits", so then for each
         | lookup you "only" have to check 1000 bills. And then later,
         | while searching a group, you can take the time to further sort
         | them by the 3rd digit. I guess it also depends on how long you
         | expect the contest to go on, i.e. how many lookups you will do.
         | 
         | Even with the simplified grouping strategy, let's be generous
         | and assume it takes you 3 seconds to look at a bill, figure out
         | what to do with it, and physically move it to the correct
         | place. That's still 83 person-hours to do a single pass and put
         | the bills into 100 groups for quicker lookup. With 2 people,
         | that's 5 full 8 hour days of non-stop sorting.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | I would copy the serials onto paper in sorted order. Then I
           | only need to find the bill after I know I have it. I'd still
           | need to find the bill on demand - but you typically get 10
           | minutes to call and then days to prove it (this was the 1980s
           | - you couldn't email a digital photo back then. Today I'd
           | forge the digital photo and have hours to set the real one
           | aside for when they check)
        
           | scottyah wrote:
           | I think I'd scan them all, and divide them into 100 piles of
           | 1,000. While one person is working on uploading and
           | processing scans to a database system (tagging/adding a field
           | for its pile), the other could be sorting the piles if they
           | want. Basically, seeing if you have a match and limiting it
           | to a pile of 1,000 while not having too much overhead of a
           | ton of different piles.
           | 
           | If you do match, each person could check through 500 bills
           | easily, and there's no sorting needed.
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | in 01984 the apparatus to scan them all would have cost you
             | more than the bills
        
         | supportengineer wrote:
         | This reminds me of the old website, "Where's George?"
         | 
         | Sample bill report:
         | https://www.wheresgeorge.com/b:QZHjxdYnJ&entry=17
        
       | JadeNB wrote:
       | I'm not sure why people are calling this a scam (or maybe they
       | refer to the other exploits described?)--the article itself says
       | "even the CBS executives ultimately admitted that he had broken
       | nary a rule."
       | 
       | But I have to say that it is heartbreaking that it is only the
       | name of the girlfriend, and not the hacker who thought he was
       | smarter than everyone, that is "Dinwitty."
        
       | chirau wrote:
       | Why are people calling this a scam?
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Who is calling it a scam?
        
           | chirau wrote:
           | There is a top comment above classifying it as a scam
        
             | BizarroLand wrote:
             | You should reply to the person you are talking to for them
             | to even have a chance of seeing what you said.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | What is "it"? The guy was involved with a lot of scams in
             | his life, and that's what the comment is talking about.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | Winning on press your luck is probably not a scam. Punching up
         | his story to get on press your luck might be a scam. Selling
         | shares in a fraudulent lottery was definitely a scam. Opening
         | checking accounts with assumed names is definitely a scam.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | $100K would have been "comfortable retirement" money in the 80s.
       | But I guess the same attitude that got you the money is what
       | prevents you from quitting while you are ahead. A true gambler
       | will always continue to double down until he loses it all.
        
         | karmajunkie wrote:
         | yeah, for people like that, money is just a way to measure how
         | much smarter/slicker they are than their mark. it's really
         | about the grift. that $100k invested well in the 80s would have
         | been an enormous portfolio in 30 years had he just been
         | interested in a living.
        
           | ecshafer wrote:
           | Average house price in 1983 in the US was $62k. Assuming he's
           | in a lower col area, and isn't going top of the market, he
           | could have bought 2-3 houses outright, or put down payments
           | on a solid 10 homes. Then renting them out and paying
           | mortgages, that would be very lucrative.
           | 
           | Assuming he did his "invest in houses" plan as he said.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | Not really. Adjusted for inflation, that's only $300,000 today.
         | Even in the lowest cost of living areas, $300K isn't doing much
         | for you. If you used it to buy a rental in a great area with a
         | high return, you'd still only get about $15,000 a year in
         | rental profits.
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | I am becoming more and more uncomfortable with a simple
           | "adjusted for inflation" as a meaningful comparison of money.
           | 
           | Let's say Larson simply parked the winnings in real-estate.
           | How much would that be worth today?
           | 
           | Imagine he used the capital to continue reinvesting the money
           | generated by said real-estate investment to expand his
           | holdings?
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | That isn't valid either as if he is retired he needs some
             | of that money to buy things like food.
        
             | jedberg wrote:
             | Well, at the time he could have bought 1.5 median houses.
             | Today that would cost you about $500K. So if you want to
             | use real estate, that bumps it up a bit, but still doesn't
             | get you into retirement territory.
             | 
             | Even back then it wasn't retirement money. It was life
             | changing, and invested well could have set him for a very
             | comfortable life, but it wasn't retirement money even back
             | then.
        
             | listenallyall wrote:
             | > Let's say Larson simply parked the winnings in real-
             | estate. How much would that be worth today?
             | 
             | Considering he lived in the booming metropolis known as
             | Lebanon, Ohio, probably not all that much.
             | 
             | It's easy today, in retrospect, to look at all the
             | "winners" of real estate ownership, while forgetting about
             | the Detroits, the Buffalos, the Baltimores. Plus high
             | interest rates, high crime in many cities, lack of
             | conveniences, businesses and services, etc. Places like San
             | Francisco, Miami and most of New York City were NOT
             | particularly desirable places to live 40 years ago.
        
           | bongodongobob wrote:
           | Lol the HN bubble is strong. $300k would be life changing for
           | 90% of people.
        
             | jedberg wrote:
             | Life changing but not retirement. There's nowhere in the
             | USA you could retire on a $300k windfall.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | You can retire on that - if you move to a small town in
               | someplace like New Mexico - someplace where you can buy a
               | house within walking distance of the local grocery store,
               | do not need much heat or AC. (this implies the town is
               | large enough to have a grocery store!). You won't get a
               | car to drive though so select your town to live in well
               | as you won't leave it often - once in a while someone
               | might offer you a free ride elsewhere but you can't ask
               | that often enough that they feel abused. You won't be
               | eating out, just cooking your own meals.
               | 
               | There are lots of cheap things you can do in those towns
               | - and you will do only those things for entertainment.
               | You will probably be known as the guy who makes desert
               | art because that is all you can do.
               | 
               | I wouldn't want to live that life, and I don't think most
               | others reading this would either. However you could do
               | it. Most of us would enjoy that life for a week or two
               | every year but then want to get back to modern life. To
               | each their own - if you want it go for it.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | I don't think you could. Let's say you found a house for
               | $50K that meets your requirements. Heck let's say you
               | bought a trailer for $20K and found some land for $10K.
               | You'd still have $200K left (don't forget you had to pay
               | $70K in taxes on it).
               | 
               | $200K could net you about $10,000 a year if you put it in
               | super high rate tax free muni bonds.
               | 
               | Even with the hermit lifestyle and no taxes, you'd still
               | have to pay for maintenance, property tax, food, and
               | clothing once in a while. Remember, we're talking
               | retirement, so you don't have any other income.
               | 
               | I don't think you could pull that off. Substance farming
               | is work, not retirement. And like you said, without
               | internet, you'd pretty much be relegated to desert
               | paining.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | That is $2000/month to live on. That will buy plenty of
               | food, and clothing and leave something left over. It will
               | not buy good health insurance, but you are poor enough to
               | qualify for subsidies. I also selected a mild climate
               | where you won't need much heating and cooling. Property
               | taxes are cheap in rural areas (state selection matters).
               | Maintenance is cheap, though you do need to do it
               | yourself.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | It's $833 a month.
        
             | mateo411 wrote:
             | It would be life changing, but it would still be hard to
             | retire on 300K in the US.
        
         | mrb wrote:
         | Michael was aged 33 when he won the prize. $100k would not have
         | been sufficient to plan for ~50 years of retirement, see the
         | inflation-adjusted math here:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40302525
        
       | trevithick wrote:
       | _> One of his later schemes involved opening a checking account
       | with a bank that was offering a promotional $500 to each new
       | customer; he would withdraw the cash at the earliest opportunity,
       | close the account, then repeat the process over and over under
       | assumed names._
       | 
       | He could do this today, without using assumed names, at different
       | banks. Sign up for a bank account that's offering a bonus, comply
       | with the fine print to the letter, get bonus, close account.
       | Repeat at a different bank. This can be parallelized for
       | increased performance. It's minorly lucrative.
       | 
       | There was probably only one local option for this when Larson did
       | it, forcing him to use assumed names. Today there are countless
       | online banking options available. No assumed names required.
       | 
       | $500 is a solid bonus today. That was even more money when Larson
       | was doing this.
        
         | mikepurvis wrote:
         | For Canadians at least, the redflagdeals forums are ground zero
         | for this type of thing-- typically you need to set up your
         | direct deposit and pay a few bills to qualify for the bonus,
         | but if you're disciplined about that, it seems you can collect
         | a few payouts a year, not including any additional gains from
         | teaser rates on savings accounts and the like.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | There's not _that_ many banks. FDIC says 4,587 [1], and I think
         | NCUA numbers are similar. And the vast majority of them don 't
         | have new account promotions. But yeah, if you have a clean
         | chexsystem report and this is what you spend your time on, you
         | too can become a bank promotion thousandaire. Credit card
         | promotions seem more common, and have the benefit that they're
         | usually distributed as a discount so they tend not to be
         | taxable, unlike bank promotions that are usually distributed as
         | interest. OTOH, getting lots of credit card promotions tends to
         | require lots of spending, real or manufactured, and
         | manufactured spending tends to be difficult to manage at high
         | levels. If you have a job / business that involves a lot of
         | credit card spending, it can be easy to make the credit card
         | promotions work, but if you have that kind of job, you might
         | make more money spending more time on work than spending more
         | time seeking credit card promotions.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.fdic.gov/analysis/quarterly-banking-
         | profile/stat...
        
           | trevithick wrote:
           | There's definitely more money in gaming credit card rewards,
           | especially if you master the manufactured spending. Like this
           | guy[1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.twrblog.com/2021/05/making-a-point-tax-
           | courts-an...
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Not really, since there are always conditions like keeping your
         | account in a good state, with a minimum balance, having
         | paycheck deposits etc. And even then it takes a few months for
         | the bonus to be paid out. And only a handful of large banks
         | offer such deals. You could maybe make a couple thousand
         | dollars total in the span of a year or longer (assuming you
         | have no existing bank accounts), which is hardly worth it.
        
       | dmurray wrote:
       | It's a triumph of regulation that he got his money. It would have
       | been very natural for CBS to cite technical difficulties or find
       | some other way to change the rules of the game, but US game shows
       | in this era were terrified of the FCC, who were given strong
       | powers to enforce fairness in game shows after some frauds in the
       | 50s [0].
       | 
       | Those laws are still on the books, of course, but I expect game
       | show producers have got better at working around them in the
       | small print, while regulators haven't kept up.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950s_quiz_show_scandals
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | The game shows now just buy insurance against extraordinary
         | wins, and let Llyods of London handle it.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Game show producers want you to win big. Big winners are great
         | advertisement. Management has a different idea of course, but
         | management also understands that big winners bring in viewers
         | and so they want to have big enough winners but not too big.
         | Nobody wants to be accused of cheating as that is a scandal
         | that can kill the game show.
        
           | kulahan wrote:
           | It's pretty simple math! I'm certain they have all the ideal
           | ratios worked out and whatnot
        
           | dmurray wrote:
           | Right, the show needs some winners. Management and producers
           | might go a step further and realise that a charismatic
           | underdog winning dramatically from hopeless circumstances
           | would bring in even more viewers - perhaps something could be
           | done to help that happen?
        
             | TMWNN wrote:
             | Oh, good grief. In two comments you've gone from "game show
             | producers don't want to pay out the money contestants win"
             | to, after bluGill points out that game shows want
             | contestants to win big, say "Of course! If anything, game
             | show producers might even skew things to help charismatic
             | underdogs win!". I mean, really.
        
               | dmurray wrote:
               | I haven't changed anything! It's right there in the
               | Wikipedia article - the 1950s frauds were in fact mainly
               | about rigging the shows for entertainment value, ensuring
               | the right contestants won.
               | 
               | The FCC doesn't (didn't?) like the shows being rigged
               | that way, which is why _The $64,000 Question_ went off
               | the air. It also doesn 't like the shows being rigged in
               | the network's favour, which is why this episode of _Press
               | Your Luck_ continued to the end despite the producers '
               | misgivings.
        
               | TMWNN wrote:
               | I am well aware of the 1950s game show scandals. That the
               | scandals happened 70 years ago is not very relevant to
               | your claim that game show producers today are
               | 
               | * all super-crooked, with only fear of the FCC preventing
               | them from repeating the scandals
               | 
               | * determined to not pay rightful winners, _and_
               | 
               | * willing to put the thumb on the scales to help others
               | to win undeservingly
               | 
               | At some point, going through life with such cynicism is
               | counterproductive.
        
       | mattmaroon wrote:
       | Sometimes I wonder what would happen to guys like that if they
       | just applied the same mindset to running a legitimate business.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | You just described every successful entrepreneur in existence.
        
           | mattmaroon wrote:
           | Haha oh yeah
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | I imagine there was a mechanical, rotating drum with metal
       | contacts to "randomly" trip the scoreboard. There would have been
       | 5 such patterns on the drum. I even imagine a human was operating
       | the drum, choosing among the five possible patterns.
       | 
       | I could be wrong but this was early in the era of popular
       | computing -- and interfacing with high-current lamp circuits
       | would have been a challenge for most. The other compelling reason
       | to believe it was mechanical is that having only 5 patterns seems
       | really lame if there was software driving it.
       | 
       | Why only 16 of the possible 18 tiles would ever have the Whammy,
       | I have no speculation.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | > Why only 16 of the possible 18 tiles would ever have the
         | Whammy, I have no speculation.
         | 
         | They used slide projectors to change the board. Each projector
         | advanced at the same time. They only had three options in each
         | projector. It's unclear why they only chose three options,
         | probably for production simplicity. They would switch out the
         | carousels on the projectors between rounds, with more whammys
         | in subsequent rounds.
         | 
         | So the best guess is that they wanted a certain whammy ratio
         | and leaving two squares with only good stuff would achieve
         | that. Also it made for good TV, when it was possible to earn an
         | extra spin on every board configuration.
        
       | y-curious wrote:
       | Great article, thank you. Sad, but unsurprising, that he lost it
       | all in the end.
        
       | jpalawaga wrote:
       | This American Life also covered this in Ep. 412, act 4:
       | https://www.thisamericanlife.org/412/million-dollar-idea
        
       | max_ wrote:
       | I calculated that for me to be financially independent I need to
       | make only $750k.
       | 
       | Anyone with practical advice on how to make that realistically?
        
         | chihuahua wrote:
         | Get hired at Amazon or Microsoft as an SDE/SWE. Get promoted to
         | Principal and do that job for a few years.
        
       | more_corn wrote:
       | Not that it matters now, but I have deduced who burglarized their
       | house. Michael was certain that Teresa had something to do with
       | it so he clearly told no one. Which makes sense for his
       | personality. Teresa not being a paranoid scam artist would have
       | told someone. Especially if she felt like it was a chore.
       | Probably her best friend. The Christmas party invitation was
       | clearly from Teresa's side since Michael doesn't have the sort of
       | friends who invite you to a Christmas party. And it was probably
       | her best friend. Her best friend told someone, probably male,
       | probably a younger relative, probably at the Christmas party. He
       | was looking at them at the party realized they'd be here for
       | hours and left early to go burglarize their house.
       | 
       | A call to the host of the Christmas party with that information
       | would certainly be enough for her to think of the name.
        
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