[HN Gopher] US ICBM Launch Center Virtual Tour
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       US ICBM Launch Center Virtual Tour
        
       Author : sklargh
       Score  : 96 points
       Date   : 2024-05-06 19:12 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.aerospaceutah.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.aerospaceutah.org)
        
       | aamoyg wrote:
       | The one in Arizona was better and even more better with the top
       | to bottom tour before it flooded.
        
         | jf wrote:
         | Did it flood recently? I was there only a few months ago. I
         | also checked the site and it looks like they are still giving
         | tours?
        
           | aamoyg wrote:
           | They used to give tours that went to all levels of the silo
           | (there are like 20+ levels) but the bottoms of the silos
           | flood unless you run diesel pumps a lot. They said it was
           | unlikely they would offer them again. Also Patrick Stewart
           | touched the missile with his bare hands and fucked it up in
           | his arrogance despite being told multiple times not to,
           | apparently (the oils in your hand are corrosive to the alloy
           | used for it).
        
       | bragr wrote:
       | I can help but think the missileers would be less depressed (it's
       | a known problem) if some more attention was paid to aesthetics
       | and comfort, given the amount of time they spent locked in there.
        
         | iancmceachern wrote:
         | The chairs look comfy, better than standard government issue,
         | and they're on tracks so you don't have to get up to check on
         | the equipment.
        
           | jabits wrote:
           | Actually the chairs were pretty comfortable. They were locked
           | down to survive (in theory) the shaking resulting from
           | nudets. The deputy launch commander's was on a long track so
           | he could slide back and forth to gather the redundant
           | messages and reset alarms. The commander sat facing the
           | missile light board.
        
         | arrakeenrevived wrote:
         | I'm not going to claim that it's much better these days, but
         | it's worth noting that the launch center in the link is quite
         | old. The launch center have had multiple upgrades since then;
         | the link here [0] shows some videos from inside a newer
         | configuration, which does look a little bit more comfortable,
         | and even that video is from the early 2000s. I would have to
         | guess that more upgrades have been made since then.
         | 
         | 0: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40289005
        
         | chihuahua wrote:
         | I don't know if there's a worse peacetime job in the military
         | than sitting in a missile silo every day. At least for me, it
         | seems absolutely dreadful, sitting there all day every day.
        
           | jabits wrote:
           | Indeed it can be. There was a lot of action in the O club in
           | one's off days. We oftentimes thought however that these
           | a-launch crews probably had it worse, except at least it
           | would be more quiet without all the active comm systems. And
           | since we were always "alert" we took part in many, many
           | global military exercises...
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | I sure hope they are testing the people better now.
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/13/us-air-force-m...
       | 
       | https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Professionalism/Cheating_Scand...
       | 
       | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/high-marks-cooks-lifted-...
       | 
       | Also the missiles themselves are failing testing:
       | 
       | https://www.airandspaceforces.com/icbm-test-failure-nuclear-...
       | 
       | https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-68355395
       | 
       | Why again do we have thousands upon thousands of these things
       | when less than 100 would do? We are going to accidentally nuke
       | ourselves sooner or later.
        
         | ucarion wrote:
         | The US has 400 land-based nuclear weapons, not thousands upon
         | thousands. They're there to be a better thing for our enemies
         | to aim at than our cities.
        
           | tylerflick wrote:
           | Exactly. If anyone is curious, look up the term Nuclear
           | Sponge.
        
             | somenameforme wrote:
             | Nobody's going to be aiming at nuclear silos in the middle
             | of nowhere that are not only designed to withstand a
             | nuclear attack, but may well have also launched by the time
             | your missile arrives. US early Cold War targets have been
             | declassified. [1] We did make efforts to target airfields
             | where nukes would have launched from (prior to the ICBM),
             | but those were valuable and weakly defended targets,
             | regardless of whether the enemy's ships were already
             | airborne or not. But a large chunk of our missiles were
             | directed towards agriculture, industry, medicine product,
             | and a large number of targets were justified as simply
             | "population." The Soviet targets likely would have been
             | more or less identical.
             | 
             | In nuclear war the goal will not be to eliminate the
             | enemy's military - military's can be rebuilt. At the point
             | of nuclear war absolutely all norms and rules of conflict
             | will have been discarded. The goal is going to be to
             | eliminate the enemy's entire country, such that he might
             | never be a threat again. In such a situation I'd feel far
             | safer standing near a nuclear bunker out in the middle of
             | nowhere than I would in the middle of a high population,
             | high economic value urban area.
             | 
             | [1] -
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/23/us/politics/1950s-us-
             | nucl...
        
           | saganus wrote:
           | According to this [0] the number of warheads as of 2020 is
           | 3750 which does kind of qualify as "thousands upon
           | thousands".
           | 
           | Edit: I don't think it matters if "only" 400 are land-based,
           | does it? it's still "thousands".
           | 
           | [0] https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Fact-
           | Sheet_...
        
             | knorker wrote:
             | There's MIRV, so depends what you mean by "these things".
             | 
             | But also some among these 3750 are in subs, and bombers.
             | 
             | And as for "100 would do": Well, if they all hit their
             | targets, maybe. But part of the reason for overkill is so
             | that even a sneak attack that's 90% successful should
             | trigger MAD. Well, I say "should", but more like that's the
             | cold logical deterrence rationale.
        
           | jp191919 wrote:
           | Not a launch site, but the largest stockpile of deployed
           | nukes in the world is in a heavily populated area near
           | seattle.
           | 
           | https://truthout.org/articles/puget-sound-is-home-to-the-
           | big...
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | Easter egg hunt: MIL-STD pink slippers, for wearing around the
       | doomsday activation room.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | It made for a great movie opening ("Wargames", 1983):
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6aCpS0-yls
       | 
       | (Don't worry; that guy went on to be White House Chief of Staff.)
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | TURN YOUR KEY CAPTAIN! Love Wargames for all it's goofy hacker
         | nonsense.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | And the other guy went to cut off someone's ear.
        
         | imglorp wrote:
         | After a goose chase to confirm, it was John Spencer playing in
         | The West Wing. Not an actual CoS...
        
       | DrNosferatu wrote:
       | Where are the giant floppy disks?
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | There are no computers in that 1960s launch control center.
         | It's all hard-wired.
        
       | jf wrote:
       | If you ever happen to be in Arizona, I highly recommend that you
       | visit the Titan Missile Museum: https://titanmissilemuseum.org/
       | 
       | The site has been carefully maintained and the tour brings you up
       | close to places that only a select few were able to see when they
       | were in operation.
        
         | neverartful wrote:
         | Agreed! I just visited just over a week ago for the first time.
         | It's very interesting to see it firsthand and hear about how it
         | all worked. At the same time, it was very sobering and
         | frightening to think about what would happen if these things
         | were used in anger.
        
         | mjmsmith wrote:
         | Yes! Really interesting, and the guides are excellent. (Think
         | they missed an opportunity to call it MoMAD though.)
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | The pink bunny slipper in the military satchel does it for me.
        
       | captainkrtek wrote:
       | This video shows a bit more in action step by step:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/HWZXinRwCaE?feature=shared
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | That looks like a much later system.
         | 
         | I'm surprised that "pop-up menu" was a part of this particular
         | interaction scenario. But much of the rest of the UI looks more
         | like what I would've guessed.
        
           | arrakeenrevived wrote:
           | Yes, that video looks to be the "REACT" [0] upgrade that was
           | done in the 1990s. It specifically says it changed it to make
           | the operators sit side-by-side.
           | 
           | 0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Execution_and_Combat_T
           | ar...
        
         | tshtf wrote:
         | I watched this one recently, and was going to share it here.
         | I'm not in the field, but this looks like a nice demo of the
         | current launch systems UX, unlike the tens that are dated to
         | the early 80s.
        
       | themagician wrote:
       | Whenever I see things like this I think it's so cool, but it's
       | always followed by this weird feeling that lasts a few hours
       | where all I can think about is, "What have we done?" Why does
       | destruction come to easy to us? Why has it always been a
       | prioirty?
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | Being able to destroy everyone else is what prevents them from
         | destroying us.
         | 
         | Something I think about and feel bad about is the "nuclear
         | sponge". Why do we have a bunch of ICBMs in the midwest? So
         | that if someone wants to nuke NYC, they have to nuke the Great
         | Plains first, or face total destruction. Makes nuclear war that
         | much more expensive. Of course, it's kind of an outdated
         | assumption that that alone would be enough; we still have
         | bombers and submarine-launched missiles.
         | 
         | I have mixed feelings about mutually assured destruction; it
         | would be nice if the human race couldn't destroy the entire
         | planet. But, it does make sense on some level. Why don't you go
         | up to lions in the zoo and pet them? I bet they're soft! The
         | reason you don't is because you know it will bite your arm off.
         | We hope the same logic applies to nuclear first strikes. (I
         | also feel a little bad knowing that my country is the only one
         | that ever used nuclear weapons. The world didn't end, but
         | that's little consolation for the 200,000 civilians we
         | vaporized in an instant.)
        
           | redmajor12 wrote:
           | I dont think "nuclear sponge" is a real concept that dates to
           | the Cold War. Can you provide a reference? In a quick search,
           | I just found poorly written and recent articles that just
           | link to each other.
           | 
           | Rather, the silo fields were dispersed to get out of range of
           | sub launched missiles or soviet ICBMs that would go over the
           | N pole, which is why some of them are very close to the
           | Mexican border in NM (like the Titan IIs around Roswell). Of
           | course, potential modern Russian ICBMs that have the range to
           | go over the South Pole negate this defense and also any
           | midrange ABM interception possibilities.
           | 
           | I also suspect that silo locations were an early example of
           | Congressional pork. Or, just located next to exiting SAC
           | bases for logistical reasons, like Beale AFB in northern
           | California.
        
             | redmajor12 wrote:
             | Never mind. This is from 1978 with respect to the MX
             | program (although this is quite late in ICBM deployment
             | history and I think more of a specific problem for the MX-
             | the "Peacekeeper" was supposed to be so accurate that it
             | was reasoned that the Soviets would see it as a first
             | strike weapon against their missile fields, making any
             | potential US deployment necessitate an immediate soviet
             | response. Hence crazy basing ideas like a network of
             | underground trains carrying the missiles.)
             | 
             | https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1978/07/24/
             | f...
        
           | NegativeLatency wrote:
           | I think I'd prefer to go instantly in a moment via nuke than
           | say burn to death in one of the many firebombing raids the US
           | did on Japan during WWII: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombi
           | ng_of_Tokyo_(10_March_194...
           | 
           | > More than 90,000 and possibly over 100,000 Japanese people
           | were killed, mostly civilians, and one million were left
           | homeless, making it the most destructive single air attack in
           | human history.
        
             | ipdashc wrote:
             | I know you didn't mean it literally, but it's still worth
             | saying: They did not "go instantly in a moment". A few,
             | sure. I'd assume most of them probably still burned to
             | death, or were buried under rubble, or bled out after being
             | cut by debris, or starved to death after being blinded.
             | 
             | Firebombing is bad, but nukes are also really bad, there's
             | no need to treat them as if they're merciful.
        
               | VoidWhisperer wrote:
               | Not to mention the further many, many people that died in
               | excruciatingly awful ways from the radiation
        
           | the_snooze wrote:
           | MAD makes sense if you assume the participants are rational
           | and have accurate information. That's probably true on
           | average in the long-run. But what bothers me is that it only
           | takes one accident or miscalculation or crazy president to
           | bring about the end of the world. And we've certainly had our
           | fair share of close calls with bad sensor readings or
           | training tapes being put into a live operational setting.
        
             | jrockway wrote:
             | Yeah, I think MAD and "launch on warning" are distinct
             | concepts. If we survive the first strike, we can rationally
             | plan our second strike. So training tapes being played on
             | the live system won't cause us to accidentally make a first
             | strike; we can still assure destruction after taking a
             | first strike. (That's why there's the nuclear triad.)
             | 
             | I think that "launch on warning" was an official policy at
             | some point. I am not sure if it is anymore. I don't think
             | it's a good one and it's not necessary to deter a first
             | strike. The missiles are underground and at unknown
             | locations in the ocean for that reason.
             | 
             | As for crazy presidents, yup, that is a legitimate concern.
             | I am not sure why we put commanding the armed forces into
             | the hands of one person. (The advantage is that one person
             | can decisively retaliate after a surprise strike on
             | Washington. The disadvantage is that a drunk Twitter war
             | can escalate to ending the world. Sigh!)
             | 
             | As for irrational actors, that's another big problem. What
             | does North Korea lose if they nuke the US? Not much; they
             | don't have a huge economy as it is. It's a nice "fuck you"
             | if the reigning dictator sees that the end of their regime
             | is inevitable. MAD doesn't help with that at all.
             | 
             | It's all actually pretty scary. We like to think that the
             | cold war is over, but really, not all the countries of the
             | world are at peace right now, so everything could be over
             | in the blink of the eye and you won't see it coming. I
             | guess keep all that in mind as you plan your day!
        
           | xanderlewis wrote:
           | > that's little consolation for the 200,000 civilians we
           | vaporized in an instant.
           | 
           | And they're the lucky ones.
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | My grandpa was there as a Marine as soon as the armistice
             | was over (he went from the horror of burning out japanese
             | from tunnels with flamethrowers to that). He didn't talk
             | about it much, but he sure hated Reagan and Reagan's love
             | for nukes. By the time I was around his hips had melted
             | away and had to be replaced. I have the Rossarie he carried
             | there. I'm not really religious, but I figure if it could
             | get him through a post nuclear attacked city it can be my
             | lucky talisman as well.
             | 
             | People make fun of the fifties 'just make it look like
             | everyone was happy' mindset, but can you blame these
             | people? He was a young Iowa farm boy. He grew up riding his
             | horse to school, no cars. Then off to be a Marine in the
             | Pacific (because he and everyone from his town was too
             | recent of German descent to be trusted to go to Europe,
             | plus the town had a German language newspaper before the
             | war, which of course, by the end, no trace of being German
             | was left. Only red blooded American English speakers) who
             | saw the effects of nuclear war. Dude just wanted to drink a
             | beer and listen to polka music on Laurence Welk.
        
           | pyuser583 wrote:
           | The longer MAD works, the better I feel about it. We're at 77
           | of nuclear peace thanks to MAD. That's a pretty good record.
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | On the flip side, it's pretty hard for human systems to
             | keep a nine nines success rate forever.
        
         | eternauta3k wrote:
         | Coordination is hard?
        
       | swozey wrote:
       | What's inside of the locked down door? Is that just the main door
       | in? I'm assuming that hallway is the museum.
       | 
       | And what is on the map with the circles? Is that a geographical
       | map or some sort of system map?
       | 
       | And what shock do the Shock Isolators stop? Shock from a launch?
        
         | jabits wrote:
         | The launch center you see is a square box about the size of an
         | RV suspended by four large "shock absorbers" inside a hardened
         | capsule with walls about six feet thick. The shock absorbers
         | are so the launch center can sway in the event of a NuDet
         | (nuclear detonation) near by. Unlike the older Titans, the
         | Minuteman missiles were nowhere near the capsules, being a
         | minimum of three miles away. Each capsule had direct command
         | and control of 10 Minuteman missiles distributed in a spoke
         | like fashion around the hub (capsule). The Titans crew was
         | right with their massively larger missiles.
         | 
         | I was a Launch Control Officer for five years in the mid-80s
         | out of FE Warren AFB in Cheyenne WY. My squadron was the 320th
         | Strategic Missile Squadron with all 5 capsules and 50 missiles
         | were physically in western NE, with the furthest over 100 miles
         | away in Sidney NE. I spent 335 days underground over the 5 year
         | period.
        
       | fred_is_fred wrote:
       | If anyone is near Cheyenne Wyoming or passing through on I-25, I
       | highly enjoyed visiting Quebec-01 State Park. Former silo left
       | intact where you can tour. I think you need a reservation:
       | 
       | https://wyoparks.wyo.gov/index.php/places-to-go/quebec-01
       | 
       | Then go back and watch the first 15 minutes of Wargames. They did
       | a great job.
        
       | graupel wrote:
       | I live fairly close to the wonderful museum this is located at on
       | Hill Air Force Base north of SLC.
       | 
       | This new exhibit is really neat but not very big, all things
       | considered, and not worth the trip on its own.
       | 
       | What is worth the trip is the museum as a whole, with an F-117,
       | the only SR-71C in existence, an F22, and all kinds of other
       | planes and rockets - it's not Wright-Patterson, but it's one of
       | the better USAF museums I've been to.
        
         | dpifke wrote:
         | The museum at Edwards AFB in California is amazing[0], but is
         | located on the base so you have to get prior permission to
         | visit it as a civilian.
         | 
         | When I was there a few years back, they were fundraising to
         | move the museum to a more publicly accessible location. It
         | looks like that was successful, and it will be re-opening soon:
         | https://www.desertnews.com/news/article_c95e0a2c-edc4-11ed-9...
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_Flight_Test_Museum#C...
        
       | jabits wrote:
       | This is a remarkably real view of the Minuteman Launch Control
       | Center in the early to mid-80s for sure. The accompanying audio
       | is realistic as well except all six comm systems would be blaring
       | at once and several printers would be clacking away... It was
       | very intense, demanding job.
       | 
       | I was a Launch Control Officer for five years in the mid-80s out
       | of FE Warren AFB in Cheyenne WY. My squadron was the 320th
       | Strategic Missile Squadron with all 5 capsules and 50 missiles
       | were physically in western NE, with the furthest over 100 miles
       | away in Sidney NE. I spent 335 days underground over the 5 year
       | period.
        
         | choeger wrote:
         | Considering that when the launch order came, MAD had probably
         | already failed: Would you have obeyed the order and killed a
         | few million people?
        
           | jabits wrote:
           | I've oftened wondered that over the years. Maybe that's why
           | the young ones are usually on the front lines. Another
           | related possibly more difficult, is how many of us would have
           | turned the key without prior world tensions occurring. Before
           | each alert we received a pre-departure briefing on current
           | world conditions. I think an out-of-the-blue order would have
           | been very difficult... We periodically lost a crew member due
           | to internal personal changes with respect to one's
           | willingness to follow through. One of my early Commanders
           | pulled himself off and left the service to become a Greek
           | Orthodox priest and is still at it today.
        
         | _boffin_ wrote:
         | Recommend any good non-fiction or even fiction books that talk
         | about these experiences?
        
         | CapitalistCartr wrote:
         | Wow, I was there at the same time as a 46350. The Northern Tier
         | was a (unappreciated) masterpiece of the Cold War.
        
       | optimalsolver wrote:
       | This kind of place was best captured by opening scene of
       | Wargames:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6aCpS0-yls
        
       | EMM_386 wrote:
       | That's amazing.
       | 
       | It's terrifying to take a step back from this and think about how
       | much incredibly sophisticated technology had to go into ensuring
       | that we could wipe out the human race in minutes.
       | 
       | And then, of course, there's all the technology handling the
       | safety guards. Because we obviously don't _want_ to wipe out the
       | human race in minutes, so we have all these protocols and
       | failsafes to ensure that doesn 't happen unless it's really
       | supposed to happen.
       | 
       | All for ... nothing.
       | 
       | Nothing, in the sense that every time Russia built more ICBMs the
       | US had to build more ICBMs. That tit-for-tat got to incredibly
       | absurd levels.
       | 
       | So all of this ludicrously complex technologies, from the
       | missiles travelling to space, the lauching of multiple guided
       | warheads, the safety guards and nuclear weapons, the trillions of
       | dollars ... for nothing. All a game of "mine is bigger than
       | yours" for strategic deterence.
       | 
       | Hopefully it stays that way.
        
         | office_drone wrote:
         | > ... had to go into ensuring that we could wipe out the human
         | race in minutes.
         | 
         | That was never ensured. Historical casualty projections
         | expected that, in the event of large scale nuclear attacks, the
         | majority of the involved countries' populations would survive
         | not only the attack but the conditions afterward.
        
           | candiddevmike wrote:
           | For how much afterwards though?
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | John Von Neumann comes up in a lot of tech topics but he had
         | some monstrous opinions particularly on this - he thought game
         | theory proved that USSR and USA would go to war if both sides
         | had nukes and recommended the USA strike first in order to
         | _win_ in the early years of USA almost monopoly on nukes.
        
       | yencabulator wrote:
       | To give you an idea of what kinds of grim circumstances this was
       | built for, the seats have 4-point seatbelts!
        
         | jabits wrote:
         | Yes, we were strapped in for quite a shaking...
        
       | robszumski wrote:
       | I just finished reading Nuclear War: A Scenario by Annie Jacobsen
       | - it was great. The book walks through a minute by minute
       | scenario from the second of launch through the satellite
       | detection, alerting of forces, decision making challenges, evac
       | and continuity of government during a nuclear exchange. Highly
       | recommend.
        
         | mtreis86 wrote:
         | She was also recently on Hardcore History Addendum with Dan
         | Carlin discussing the book.
        
           | ricksunny wrote:
           | What do you think of her also-very-nuclear-related "Area 51:
           | an Uncensored History of America's Top Secret Military Base"
           | (2011)?
           | 
           | (leaving aside the frequently-repudiated Mengele-Stalin slant
           | of the excerpt at the end, a la
           | https://www.reviewjournal.com/local/local-las-
           | vegas/area-51-... ' Barnes, the Roadrunners' president, said
           | he believes the childlike aviator tale was fabricated to give
           | the publisher something "juicy" and "sensational ')
           | 
           | She frames a very unique angle on James Killian (of MIT
           | 'Killian Court' fame) in context of Pacific thermonuclear
           | nuclear tests, for example.
        
       | jdleesmiller wrote:
       | Does anyone have any recommendations on books about nuclear
       | deterrence? I found the Bret Devereaux article from 2022 [1] very
       | interesting and wondered where one might learn more about this
       | thing that keeps us all alive (so far).
       | 
       | [1] https://acoup.blog/2022/03/11/collections-nuclear-
       | deterrence...
        
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       (page generated 2024-05-07 23:01 UTC)