[HN Gopher] German public broadcasters open source their streami...
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       German public broadcasters open source their streaming platforms
        
       Author : ramboldio
       Score  : 157 points
       Date   : 2024-05-06 16:56 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.heise.de)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.heise.de)
        
       | ulrischa wrote:
       | These platforms are so bad. Can only be better
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | A large part of that is "thanks" to IP licensing laws. A lot of
         | stuff can be shown on TV with no issues, but not streamed or,
         | in some extreme cases like Cold Case, sold as physical media.
        
       | drewmcarthur wrote:
       | public means public, if something is paid for by tax money, it
       | should be licensed for public use
        
         | fsflover wrote:
         | If you really think so, you should sign this petition:
         | https://publiccode.eu
        
         | riedel wrote:
         | This often a complicated case regarding competition law. In our
         | neoliberal world giving away something for free that was
         | subsidized is often seen as destroying market. The national CIO
         | of Germany at one time recommended public bodies to us copyleft
         | (also the EC opted for EPL) , rather than putting it into
         | public domain. I also like this idea. However, this is
         | fundamentaly different from the US. The German weather service
         | even had to shutdown some functions in their free app due to a
         | court order.
        
           | kioleanu wrote:
           | As a loophole, they ended up making the app paid as not
           | constitute disloyal competition, which, depending on the
           | angle makes sense: you have a competitor that you can
           | actually never compete because regardless of what they do,
           | their funding never runs out. It's not a fair battle. On the
           | other hand tho, wetter online were crying like little kids
           | about an app that was doing what a government was supposed to
           | do.
           | 
           | https://www.heise.de/news/BGH-Urteil-Staatlicher-
           | Wetterdiens...
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | Thanks, I strongly feel that publicy-funded software should
           | be _at least_ open source if not public domain, but the
           | market impact is a wrinkle I hadn 't considered before.
        
         | constantcrying wrote:
         | One would hope so, but they don't even open the shows for
         | public use, they don't even keep them around so people can
         | watch the things they had to pay for.
        
         | blueflow wrote:
         | I was about to call that the Rundfunkbeitrag is not legally a
         | tax (Steuer), but a tax (Beitrag). For some reason that
         | difference does not seem to exist in English and it translates
         | to the same word??
        
           | Grimeton wrote:
           | broadcast license fee/tv license fee
        
             | qwertox wrote:
             | TV license fee. This is how it's named in the UK.
             | 
             | Broadcast license is what broadcasters pay for in order to
             | be allowed to broadcast the licensed content.
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | The key difference is that the government never touches
               | the money anywhere between citizen and broadcaster, to
               | avoid unwarranted influence. I assume that people who
               | know the British term know that, as the German one is
               | surely modeled after the BBC. I'm writing for other
               | readers.
               | 
               | The downside is that it's a per head (or per household)
               | sum, not coupled to income like taxes would be. This is
               | usually explained away by the fee being separate from the
               | state, but the reality is that Germany actually has it
               | all implemented, in the form of the opt-in "church tax"
               | coupled to taxable income just like regular tax. Handled
               | by the tax office, but not going too government coffers.
               | Would be so easy to extend the implementation to public
               | broadcasting, because you don't pay to consume the media,
               | you pay to live in an environment that is not dominated
               | by profit-driven broadcasting media. There are many
               | negative things to say about our public broadcasting, but
               | when I look at other countries that don't have strong
               | public broadcasting, it's _so much_ the lesser evil,
               | totally worth the fee.
               | 
               | (personally, I'd love to see that "church tax
               | implementation" opened up to all kinds of opt-in
               | membership organisations that would see value in income-
               | coupled membership fees, I believe that a lot of good
               | things could work that way, with people of all income
               | levels enjoying an objectively fair way of contributing)
        
           | sealeck wrote:
           | Tax vs contribution?
        
             | freedomben wrote:
             | I think contribution is a much higher level word that is
             | way too abstract to be useful in this context.
             | 
             | When I think of "Contributions" I think of a voluntary
             | transfer of money, whether from an individual to an
             | organization or from an individual to themselves (like
             | "contributions" to an IRA or 401k for example). But a
             | contribution could even be sharing ideas with a group of
             | friends (contributing to the conversation) or anything
             | really.
        
           | sunaookami wrote:
           | It doesn't matter if it's masquerading as a license fee, it's
           | by all means a tax - it's required by law and you go to jail
           | if you do not pay it and you have to pay it even if you don't
           | want to consume their content.
        
             | qwertox wrote:
             | If it were a tax, couldn't the collected money be used for
             | anything the government sees fit, like fixing potholes?
        
               | trueismywork wrote:
               | Thats a distinction that only exists in German laws. And
               | therefore in German language. That is not a distinction
               | in other languages.
        
               | Sayrus wrote:
               | In France we used to have the "Redevance audiovisuelle"
               | which just like in German didn't use the same word. It
               | was removed in 2022 but according to Wikipedia[1], this
               | is what Germany is using. The french version has a
               | European maps with the different sources of financement
               | used in European TV broadcasting services.
               | 
               | Beitrag Wikipedia pages are available in other languages,
               | namely Swedish and Esperanto. The meaning doesn't exactly
               | match German's.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_licence
               | 
               | [2] https://de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beitrag#/languages
        
               | franga2000 wrote:
               | A specific "tax" just for TV/radio exists in many
               | European countries, definitely not just Germany. And in
               | general, there are many tax-like things out there where
               | it's mandatory to pay them in specific circumstances and
               | they go to a specific use.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | Nah, this is a thing in Sweden too.
        
               | ryanjshaw wrote:
               | In English we could say the tax is ring-fenced for
               | specific purposes.
        
           | trueismywork wrote:
           | The difference between Steuer and Beitrag is an artificial
           | distinction that the German government has made in their
           | laws. It has not much to do with the language itself. It's
           | just that because German language is not used much outside
           | Germany, official government terms and language basically get
           | conflated.
        
           | vaidhy wrote:
           | Equivalent might be a bond paid by tax payers. The money
           | collected is used only for a specific purpose, but you cannot
           | avoid paying it. For me, a tax goes into a general fund that
           | is budgeted for common use while a special purpose bond (or a
           | tax) is money collected for a singular purpose and accounted
           | as such.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | I'd translate "Beitrag" literally to "contribution", maybe
           | add a "mandatory" as qualifier.
           | 
           | The key difference is that taxes are completely under
           | discretion of parliamentary control, whereas the
           | Rundfunkbeitrag is under discretion of the individual
           | broadcast authority governance boards (which are too closely
           | tied to politicians for my comfort, but that's another
           | thing).
        
           | jupp0r wrote:
           | It doesn't exist because the distinction is meaningless. The
           | government forcing you to pay money to a government
           | (adjacent) institution is a tax for all practical purposes.
        
             | luoc wrote:
             | But there's a difference:
             | 
             | A Beitrag is bound to a well defined objective which means
             | it is determined what the money will be used for at the
             | moment it is collected whereas a Steuer contributes to the
             | household as such.
             | 
             | Also, public TV is not controlled by the government but by
             | a council that is more or less democratic. Still far from
             | perfect, sure
        
       | whalesalad wrote:
       | the cookie popups are next level on this site
        
         | solarkraft wrote:
         | They are possibly illegal or at least against the law's spirit,
         | which is ironic, because Heise is a relatively well respected
         | publisher among German IT professionals.
        
           | moritzruth wrote:
           | I _think_ they are legal because the requirement is that you
           | have an option to  "deny all" which they provide. That you
           | must subscribe to the "Pur-Abo" to use this option doesn't
           | matter.
        
             | yladiz wrote:
             | I don't think that's right. You can't force someone to pay
             | to not have tracking cookies (or something that infringes
             | on the right to privacy). Facebook tried the same tactic
             | and was forced to stop.
        
             | croes wrote:
             | Pay or Okay is illegal
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36720629
        
             | NekkoDroid wrote:
             | I am p sure that not too long ago the EU Commission put out
             | a statement regarding Metas "Consent or Pay" and it not
             | being allow and "privacy isn't something you should need to
             | pay for". So I don't _think_ its legal, but I also didn 't
             | look too much into it other than some headlines.
        
           | Grimeton wrote:
           | Heise changed a lot over the last 2-3 years.
        
         | sambazi wrote:
         | yea, rather scamish publication style but the content is ok.
         | 
         | use of an adblocker is universally advised though
        
       | sambazi wrote:
       | the article does not say if the public has a stake in the private
       | entity created to do this, which makes me curious why this path
       | was chosen in the first place
        
         | snowpid wrote:
         | Usually no. But the German public broadcast isn't private at
         | all.
        
       | aeyes wrote:
       | Why was the original title changed? They aren't open sourcing
       | anything today.
       | 
       | They are planning to develop new tech which they might open
       | source. But all this still has to be approved by the regulator
       | and the government.
       | 
       | That said, I have seen some of the tech from the inside ~10 years
       | ago. The ARD player was developed by a third party and there was
       | no budget to bring this in house. Things might have changed but
       | redoing everything just to open source it sounds like a waste of
       | money.
        
         | fweimer wrote:
         | The original German article makes it clear it's only about the
         | web front end and some ancillary services, not the video
         | streaming service as such. The latter seems to be mostly
         | Akamai-based.
        
           | aeyes wrote:
           | Exactly, that's why I wrote "the player" which is the most
           | interesting tech.
           | 
           | The rest of the system wasn't very interesting back in the
           | day, just an off-the-shelf CMS and internal feeds to pull in
           | all the content from the different channels automatically.
           | 
           | Here is an old interview with the technical directors from
           | back then explaining some of the internals: https://tech.ebu.
           | ch/docs/techreview/trev_2010-Q1_Mediathek.p...
           | 
           | The sites have changed quite a lot since then and they have
           | added subscription content as well. Maybe they now have code
           | which would be more interesting to open source.
        
       | dopa42365 wrote:
       | Not exactly the most ambitious project, is it. Besides the fact
       | that both ARD and ZDF majorly struggle with the content itself in
       | terms of quality and availability (it's not an archive,
       | everything disappears quickly). One day they'll figure out this
       | internet neuland thing ;)
        
         | _tk_ wrote:
         | Unfortunately, not making archived content available longer is
         | due to the legal obligations that the public broadcasters face
         | and that the German Government and the governments of the
         | federal states themselves have put in place because of anti-
         | competitive fear mongering.
        
           | TomK32 wrote:
           | I wouldn't call it "anti-competitive fear mongering" when one
           | player in the market can rely on a virtually guaranteed
           | income (you'd have to be homeless to avoid the
           | Rundfunktbeitrag) while newspapers, private TV and radio have
           | to fight for survival. ARD and ZDF buying and thus supporting
           | the insane amounts that some sport events cost in license
           | fees doesn't do FIFA and IOC any good as scandals of recent
           | years have shown. Carlos Nuzman who ran the 2016 games got 30
           | years for his corruption schemes.
        
             | jupp0r wrote:
             | Are you saying that the German legislature cannot change
             | the law?
        
       | Adverblessly wrote:
       | Here in Israel they just upload most of their TV content to YT,
       | some if it is really good. They used to also stream (and archive)
       | their news stuff, but for some reason I'm getting a 404. (You can
       | look up Kan11 and Kan11news if you are curious, though I don't
       | think they have translations so probably not useful if you don't
       | speak Hebrew).
       | 
       | EDIT: Looks like it is only broken for me in FireFox...
        
         | 082349872349872 wrote:
         | If I liked srvgym, is there any recent series you'd recommend?
        
         | ffsm8 wrote:
         | That was the case in Germany too, at least for a few years.
         | 
         | They've since changed their tune and ceased uploading whole
         | episodes, only excerpts go onto YouTube now with links to their
         | own "Mediathek".
         | 
         | From my understanding they're doing so because the content is
         | paid for by public money, and YouTube is a foreign for-profit
         | company. So they were essentially spending the citizens money
         | to provide content to a private entity that's headquartered
         | abroad
        
           | odiroot wrote:
           | Fortunately Tagesschau still uploads to YT. Which is great
           | because their website (and the video player) are a bit
           | clunky.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > From my understanding they're doing so because the content
           | is paid for by public money, and YouTube is a foreign for-
           | profit company. So they were essentially spending the
           | citizens money to provide content to a private entity that's
           | headquartered abroad
           | 
           | That's one thing, but IIRC the larger part was that the
           | private broadcasters whined as they always do.
        
             | Ringz wrote:
             | Just like they whined about one of the best public funded
             | and free weather apps out there and sued them: DWD
             | 
             | https://www.dwd.de/DE/presse/pressemitteilungen/DE/2020/202
             | 0...
        
           | subpixel wrote:
           | ARD is experimenting with trying to get users to jump out of
           | YT for content, but they still post a lot of material there.
        
         | PurpleRamen wrote:
         | German TV is doing that too, but there are harsh limitations on
         | what they can make available and how long it can stay online,
         | because private broadcaster sued them 20 something years ago.
         | Since then, the rules change from time to time, and Public
         | Broadcaster are carefully exploring what they really can do.
        
       | aszantu wrote:
       | ca. 2000s, I'm getting rid of my TV because if you have one in
       | Germany, you have to pay the fee...
       | 
       | ca. 2003, I'm getting rid of my tv-card which has been free until
       | now, or else I have to pay a fee...
       | 
       | ca. 2010, They've got a website now, if you have a computer or
       | phone, you gotta pay the fee...
       | 
       | great... now I have to pay the fee because I have a github... or
       | what
        
         | _tk_ wrote:
         | You have to pay a fee if you live in Germany. It does not
         | matter what kind of technology you have access to in theory.
         | Thank god the German state does not have to check whether or
         | not you have to own a TV.
        
         | throw_pm23 wrote:
         | yes, but it continued:
         | 
         | ca. 2015, you have to pay it anyway, with no exemptions
         | 
         | ca. 2020, they start randomly sending out delay penalties, even
         | if you are late by days, without ever notifying you of the due
         | dates
         | 
         | ca. 2022, they sneakily shift the 3-months fee forward, first
         | you can pay it at the end of the period, then in the middle
         | month, then soon at the beginning
         | 
         | meanwhile, the programming gets worse and worse every year.
         | Then they get surprised if people vote for parties which
         | promise to abolish it.
        
           | _tk_ wrote:
           | If you vote for fascists - whose lead candidates seem to be
           | spying for Russia and China - because of a 17EUR license fee
           | per month, then you should reevaluate your perspective on the
           | public broadcasting system and on money.
        
             | TomK32 wrote:
             | It's 18,36EUR per month, not 17.
             | 
             | If you don't want people who don't care for TV or Radio
             | (they do exist) to vote for AfD then you shouldn't have
             | introduced a Rundfunkbeitrag that's very unpopular with
             | many more. Scandals about money being badly spent just adds
             | to the distrust and lack of interest people have in ARD,
             | ZDF etc.
        
               | PurpleRamen wrote:
               | German TV Fee is significant older than AFD. Even the
               | latest reform is older than AFD.
        
             | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
             | > fascists
             | 
             | Well, they aren't actually. Lay off the hyperbole.
        
               | PurpleRamen wrote:
               | There are court rulings saying something different.
        
       | iso8859-1 wrote:
       | This is great. It fits with how they're adopting Mastodon. Why
       | isn't NPR officially adopting Mastodon? The fact that Truth
       | Social exists should motivate NPR even more, as it could be
       | accused of being pro-Trump while staying on Twitter. In Germany,
       | no platform is run by any particular candidate, and they _still_
       | went to Mastodon.
        
       | lifestyleguru wrote:
       | German public broadcaster has enough budget to send humans to the
       | Moon. Still better than nothing, they could simply traditionally
       | increase the fee without anything new in return. Any news from
       | them them is a slap in the face and is assuring me that moving
       | out of Germany was a good decision.
        
       | biosboiii wrote:
       | The current streaming service is shit.
       | 
       | If you stream via Chromecast, you can see your connection getting
       | dropped by adaptive bitrate streaming in realtime.
       | 
       | It's always low quality, medium quality, high quality, ultra high
       | quality, lag, then low quality again. You cannot change it to a
       | fixed level manually too, on the Chromecast.
        
       | DocZet wrote:
       | The correct title is:
       | 
       | "ARD and ZDF _want_ to offer their streaming code as open source
       | "
        
       | hoc wrote:
       | To understand the quality level of their current platforms: they
       | actually manage to recommend the same stream you just watched as
       | the next auto-play entry and even might jump directly into the
       | credits again, giving you a 10 to 20 seconds loop in extreme
       | cases.
       | 
       | While a two-stream recommendation loop is quite common in both
       | systems, the loop above only happened twice for me so far. Still,
       | it might just perfectly highlight the lack of passion and user
       | focus plaguing their current platforms.
       | 
       | So, whatever they come up with in the new and maybe open one...
       | ah, who am I kidding.
        
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