[HN Gopher] Alternative clouds are booming as companies seek che...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Alternative clouds are booming as companies seek cheaper access to
       GPUs
        
       Author : belter
       Score  : 209 points
       Date   : 2024-05-06 12:05 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (techcrunch.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (techcrunch.com)
        
       | freeqaz wrote:
       | How are these companies even getting these GPUs? I would imagine
       | NVIDIA would give them all to Microsoft and Google if they are in
       | short supply.
        
         | m3kw9 wrote:
         | Nvidia needs these alt cloud so when big co builds their own
         | GPUs they have them to suck up supply. If they are all dead,
         | Nvidia may have no back path
        
         | rvba wrote:
         | Why couldnt NVIDIA auction some to get best price?
         | 
         | I mean locking customers long term is probably better, but a
         | certain % of product still vould be sold for a spot price? This
         | made me wonder what is the optimum split on that - obviously
         | depends on your market placement, but isnt nvidia basically a
         | monopoly now?
        
           | zer00eyz wrote:
           | > Why couldnt NVIDIA auction some to get best price?
           | 
           | Have you seen their pricing? They are robbing everyone and
           | selling out quickly. I don't think "auctions" are going to
           | add much to thee bottom line.
        
           | autoexecbat wrote:
           | At some point, nvidia does have to worry about amd getting
           | their act together once they've annoyed all the current
           | customers
        
             | nothercastle wrote:
             | Amd will never figure out drivers and software stuff.
             | That's always been their weakness
        
               | Palmik wrote:
               | MI250 and MI300 are competitive for inference and
               | training. The problem is that there's no cloud with
               | simple registration that offers these for reasonable on
               | demand price. This means that basically no one in the
               | open source AI community can use them, so most
               | development and tooling is being tested and built for
               | NVIDIA.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | I am working on solving that issue with MI300x.
        
         | mym1990 wrote:
         | I think one of Jensen Huang's big interests is to enable a
         | diverse number of markets that can utilize the technology in a
         | short feedback loop. I don't believe that can be achieved if
         | all of the hardware goes to Microsoft/Google.
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | It's better to have a diversified customer-base rather than
         | being completely beholden to a small number of big customers
         | that might decide they don't need you down the line.
        
         | yardie wrote:
         | Nvidia is a shovel maker. If you only have 1-2 shovel buyers,
         | buyers who've started on making their own shovels in-house,
         | then you run the risk of being trapped in a monopsony. You lose
         | 1 shovel buying client and then you might be insolvent before
         | too long.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | I head up Product at Lambda. We are an NVIDIA preferred partner
         | (and keep winning the preferred partner award). I don't know
         | what the allocation numbers are for other companies, but we get
         | a lot.
         | 
         | It's in NVIDIAs best interest to spread the love around and
         | make sure all the GPUs don't go to the hyperscalers.
        
           | leetharris wrote:
           | I head engineering at Rev and every time we talk to Nvidia
           | about GPUs they tell us to go to you guys. Every time. They
           | really like Lambda!
        
             | jedberg wrote:
             | Very happy to hear this!
        
           | tpurves wrote:
           | I anyone buying AMD MI300? I am curious if anyone is finding
           | AMD, as an alternate GPU vendor, available or useful yet?
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | My company, Hot Aisle, is.
        
           | Palmik wrote:
           | Are there any plans to support your on demand cloud in the
           | future? In the past few months there are basically no GPUs
           | available.
           | 
           | My understanding is that your reserved cloud starts at 64
           | GPUs (8 pods) and with quite a long reservation time frame.
        
             | jedberg wrote:
             | We have new product coming in just a couple weeks to get
             | clusters as small as 16 GPUs per cluster and only a two
             | week minimum reservation, with very short lead times (the
             | first people to reserve will have almost no lead time!).
             | 
             | Also we expect to have a bunch of capacity come online of
             | the on-demand cloud this year. We're getting the GPUs as
             | quickly as we can and racking them as quickly as possible,
             | but we have to wait just like everyone else for the GPUs to
             | roll off the fab. :)
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | I was at a Christmas party a couple jobs ago and they did a
           | presentation that was supposed to be all good news and
           | instead basically ruined the party for me.
           | 
           | The bit that freaked me out was 2 customers were 60% of
           | revenue.
           | 
           | Those two customers can change your policies in ways you
           | don't want to, because you can't afford to piss them off. And
           | if something happens to one of them you're fucked.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | Google doesn't use nVidia chips, at least for AI. They have
         | their own in house solution.
        
           | FrankPetrilli wrote:
           | https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/gpus#nvidia_gpus_for_c.
           | ..
        
       | mym1990 wrote:
       | Isn't the mid/late game of all of these alternative clouds going
       | to be the same as the big cloud players...get customer lock in
       | and then prices slowly creep up until its kind of a wash?
        
         | lelanthran wrote:
         | > Isn't the mid/late game of all of these alternative clouds
         | going to be the same as the big cloud players...get customer
         | lock in and then prices slowly creep up until its kind of a
         | wash?
         | 
         | That might be the plan, but I doubt it's going to work for GPUs
         | like it did for AWS.
         | 
         | There's no moat here, other than the hardware. There's no
         | value-add that the provider can add for free and lock you in.
        
           | swores wrote:
           | > _There 's no value-add that the provider can add for free
           | and lock you in._
           | 
           | Couldn't you have said that about cloud services like AWS
           | before they existed, that they can rent servers to people but
           | there won't be any lock in?
           | 
           | And equally, just because that's the case with GPU providers
           | right now, is there a reason one or more of them wouldn't be
           | able to develop software which runs on the GPUs to do some of
           | the things people are currently renting GPUs for, or middle-
           | ground software which make it easier to do other stuff on
           | them than just renting plain GPU access, and turning it into
           | optional services (with lock in) on top of the raw hardware
           | rental?
           | 
           | As an example idea: it's good that NVIDIA decided to let as
           | many people use CUDA as possible (and I suspect if they
           | hadn't then they wouldn't have seen nearly as much success),
           | but if they or anyone else releases an equivalent to "CUDA
           | v2" tomorrow, but instead of allowing anyone to download it
           | instead put it behind a billing page with AWS-style pricing
           | that covers both software and GPU, would it not succeed if
           | the software did make thinks easier for people just like AWS
           | does (in some ways)?
           | 
           | edit: I just realised I ignored the "for free" bit of your
           | comment - but it wasn't free for Amazon or Google to build
           | their cloud software either.
        
         | Gormo wrote:
         | That doesn't seem to be the case for long-tail VPS providers.
         | 
         | It doesn't seem to really be the case for the big cloud
         | providers, either, as most of what they offer is fairly
         | commoditized -- I've been using GCP for years to host
         | Kubernetes clusters, Postgres databases, Redis instances,
         | standard Linux VMs, etc., and while there'd be a cost
         | associated with migrating out of GCP, I don't feel locked into
         | it in any way, as the tools I'm using there are the same tools
         | I'd be using regardless of where they were hosted.
         | 
         | The market for IaaS and for SaaS are very different from each
         | other, and the walled-garden approach doesn't seem to have
         | significant traction in the IaaS world, thankfully.
        
         | tw04 wrote:
         | Not every vendor needs Amazon's eye watering margins to justify
         | their existence. Plenty of people more than happy to make their
         | 12% and call it a day. The difficulty and cost of owning a data
         | center has been grossly exaggerated. It's just that bean
         | counters would rather lease because it's easier to massage the
         | numbers than dealing with a depreciating asset.
        
           | more_corn wrote:
           | Amazon has also spent decades and tons of money building out
           | the ecosystem of AWS: Ebs, alb, rds, etc. You don't need any
           | of that stuff for training. You just need gpus. If you don't
           | need it don't pay for it.
        
         | 1123581321 wrote:
         | Not without some distinctive advantage to the provider's
         | infrastructure beyond raw GPU access. Plus, as more options
         | exist, more SDKs will facilitate switching or distributing
         | workloads to multiple providers as de facto connection
         | standards emerge (like what's happened to S3-compatible
         | storage, as a simple example.)
        
         | TheGRS wrote:
         | I would think the late game would be getting bought out by
         | AWS/G Cloud/Azure.
        
       | 015a wrote:
       | We're absolutely seeing the same thing even in non-GPU
       | traditional servers. Here is an estimated monthly cost breakdown
       | for a new GCP instance type, the n4-standard-2, in us-central1:
       | 2 vCPU + 8 GB memory: $69.18         10 GB Hyperdisk Balanced:
       | $0.80         3060 provisioned IOPS: $15.30         155 MB/s
       | provisioned throughput: $6.20         Total: $91.48
       | 
       | Like, you can tear apart that $69/mo for 2vCPU + 8gb of memory,
       | no problem. That's utterly insane. Its Emerald Rapids, so you're
       | paying a premium for new chips, whatever. You can also tear apart
       | the network egress, obviously.
       | 
       | But just look at the SSD pricing. That's a ten gigabyte SSD
       | provisioned for 155MB/s, for $22/month. You can go just outright
       | buy a 256gb NVME at significantly higher bandwidth on Amazon for
       | like $25, flat. The n4 tier instances removed the ability to use
       | their cheaper general-purpose SSDs; you have to use hyperdisks.
       | 
       | I'd be surprised if we don't see the big cloud providers start
       | struggling over the next ten years. I think they engineered
       | planetary-scale systems that are just way too expensive and
       | complex to justify the cost they're charging; ZIRP phenomena.
        
         | carbocation wrote:
         | Also on GCP, the vCPUs are usually hyperthreads (except for
         | t2d- instance types, and perhaps a few others). So that machine
         | you've described has 1 CPU core.
        
           | williamstein wrote:
           | Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-
           | resource#recom...
           | 
           | The t2d, t2a and h3 instance types have vCPU = core, and all
           | other instance types have vCPU = thread.
        
         | ikiris wrote:
         | if you don't need hyperdisk, why are you on that type of
         | server?
        
           | 015a wrote:
           | Its the only instance class that's on Emerald Rapids. So if
           | you want the best that Intel has to offer, you need to adopt
           | hyperdisks.
           | 
           | But, to be clear: We're not.
        
             | acchow wrote:
             | Curious what the use case is for targeting a specific CPU.
             | These are virtual CPUs anyways, so what benefit does using
             | the latest intel chip offer?
        
               | evilduck wrote:
               | Sometimes the instruction sets change (like the
               | relatively recently added AVX10 extensions) and you have
               | a workload that specifically needs those? I'm just
               | guessing though.
        
           | williamstein wrote:
           | On Google Cloud hyperdisks can be used on h3, c3, c3d, m3, n4
           | instance types and are required for n4. I.e., you are not
           | allowed to use the n4 instance type without using a
           | hyperdisk.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | IMO, the big thing holding back customers (especially smaller
         | ones) from going on-premise these days is networking. Getting a
         | fat pipe similar to what you get with an instance on a cloud
         | provider can be prohibitively expensive (internet service,
         | gear, staff, etc), especially when you want it to be highly
         | available.
        
           | tempest_ wrote:
           | It is really the second one. The minute you want a second
           | site or even HA at a single site the complexity and costs
           | start to explode.
        
             | cpill wrote:
             | k3s is very simple to setup and and nodes to. if the
             | machines are on the same LAN or the internet then it's not
             | such a complex job albeit you need to know the basics of
             | kubernetes.
        
               | fwip wrote:
               | Kubernetes is only the software layer, a lot of the cost
               | is in the hardware/infrastructure, and in the salary for
               | those experts.
        
               | tempest_ wrote:
               | Yeah, k3s doesn't buy 2 routers, 2 switches, 2 PDUs, 2
               | firewalls, 2 proxies to sit in front of k3s, 2 internet
               | connections (if those are offered) etc etc the list goes
               | on. Not to mention that HA things like to come in 3s.
               | 
               | Then if you are going to have remember that cloud
               | networking is pretty beefy and if you want k3s to do
               | distributed storage you will need some pretty beefy
               | network hardware.
               | 
               | There are a lot of things hidden in the cloud costs that
               | people forget about.
               | 
               | The one thing running your own stuff does allow you to do
               | is make choices and trade offs. If this switch goes down
               | and we have 6 hours of downtime to replace it what is
               | that worth etc.
        
               | fffrantz wrote:
               | Agreed 100 percent. Software is the easy part. Getting
               | HVAC, power and network up to the levels of cloud
               | providers is difficult to get right and prohibitively
               | expensive.
               | 
               | For instance, the cost for a pair of redundant symmetric
               | gigabit fiber is in the thousands a month and may require
               | tens of thousands of construction costs. These quickly
               | add up, and the upfront costs can quickly reach six
               | figures.
        
               | saltminer wrote:
               | I remember seeing a quote for 500/500 metro E from
               | Comcast several years ago. $12k to install, $1.2k/mo. And
               | that only involved laying a few miles of fiber, no
               | redundancy. Dedicated lines are no joke. If you're AWS or
               | GCP, you can be your own ISP and mitigate this to some
               | extent, but that's just the physical connection they save
               | on.
               | 
               | You can always save by going on-prem, assuming you have
               | no uptime requirements. But the moment you sign an SLA,
               | those savings go out the window.
        
               | bradstewart wrote:
               | Not to mention security compliance. If you can afford all
               | of that, seems pretty likely you'll also have SOC2/etc
               | needs. Being able to "ignore" the whole physical security
               | aspect of that stuff is a huge benefit of the cloud.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | There's a huge middle ground between on-prem and GCP/AWS.
               | You can rent space and connectivity from in very
               | competent datacenter without any of these big fixed
               | costs.
        
               | hot_gril wrote:
               | Can rent the space, but you still have to buy the
               | hardware. Maybe there's money to be made running some
               | low-availability cloud service offering newer hardware.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | Have you checked the price for a system capable of using
               | two redundant 10Gbps links lately? It's _cheap_. You
               | could put gear like this in your closet at home and not
               | feel particularly silly about it, especially if you are
               | willing to buy still-current used enterprise gear.
               | 
               | For that matter, have you checked the price, in qty 1, of
               | a server that will absolutely destroy anything reasonable
               | from a major cloud vendor in terms of IOPS to stick
               | behind that switch or router? Even if you believe the
               | numbers on the website of a major server vendor and
               | forget to ask for a discount, it's still quite reasonable
               | in comparison to a major cloud.
        
               | hot_gril wrote:
               | Yeah, tends to be. But it's more efficient for multiple
               | customers who don't need the hardware full-time to share
               | it. Someone could set that up without all the expensive
               | HA guarantees and other stuff a regular cloud provides.
        
               | hot_gril wrote:
               | Starting with a basic web backend, you probably have a
               | database that you can't simply run replicas of.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Are you talking about colo or an office? Because carrier-
           | neutral colos are pre-wired with plenty of bandwidth that's
           | 10x-100x cheaper than public clouds. Yes, you need routers
           | but the savings elsewhere should pay for them.
        
         | phh wrote:
         | You feel like it's new, I don't. I've evaluated migrating from
         | full blown servers to cloud at various scales for various
         | usages: OTA server for 1M active devices, stat server for 1M
         | active devices, build server for Android (both pure Android
         | that parallelizes and checks out super nearly and vendor
         | Android where they broke all of that). In all those cases the
         | cost of cloud was like an order of magnitude costlier. You're
         | mentioning SSD, the various clouds I tried (I couldn't remember
         | which I tried sorry...) had bad storage performance (it was
         | especially bad when building Android). Also not all those
         | servers were maintained by my employer, when we pay top end
         | 100Gbps server we can pay someone to maintain it for us as well
         | for much lower money than the "cloud tax".
         | 
         | I have no doubt there are great use case for cloud, and that at
         | the proper scale you can negotiate, and I understand that
         | startups might be faster moving with the cloud. But I feel like
         | the highest value cloud provides is 1. replacing capex with
         | opex, and 2. making scaling easier with the direction: cloud is
         | pay first, get questions from direction later. "on-prem" is
         | negotiate with the direction until the service degrades and
         | then scramble to integrate the new server under the pressure.
        
         | hot_gril wrote:
         | Clouds have historically been designed for high-availability
         | workloads, which are very hard to handle yourself. It doesn't
         | always make sense for experimentation or AI training, though
         | they might be trying to optimize more for that now. At past
         | startups, we were fine just buying machines to run on-prem.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Hyperdisk is a SAN; it's not comparable to local storage.
         | Unfortunately Google's local SSDs are also overpriced.
        
           | 015a wrote:
           | Sure, but you literally cannot use any other kind of SSD with
           | the n4-class instances, and n4 are the only instances they
           | offer on Emerald Rapids; they're advertised as general
           | purpose, flexible, and high performance, basically their
           | workhorses. If you want to use a local SSD you have to use
           | older generation chips.
        
         | jiggawatts wrote:
         | > start struggling over the next
         | 
         | They're already struggling!
         | 
         | In the past, the three big clouds would deploy cutting-edge
         | CPUs at scale ahead of general availability for ordinary
         | rackmount servers.
         | 
         | Now?
         | 
         | The AMD EPYC 9004 series processors were announced over a year
         | ago in March 2023, but are still trickling out as "preview" in
         | selected regions in Azure. Similarly, Intel Xeon fourth-gen
         | CPUs haven't even been announced by Azure, but Intel is already
         | shipping fifth-generation CPUs!
         | 
         | I suspect that up until a couple of years ago, the usage of
         | public cloud was increasing at such a pace that the providers
         | were buying a truckload of CPUs every six months, so they were
         | keeping up with the latest tech.
         | 
         | They must have had new signups dry up as soon as interest rates
         | went up, and they're now milking their existing kit instead of
         | expanding with new generation servers.
        
       | mgdev wrote:
       | This will be a boon for Oracle.
        
         | Sarkie wrote:
         | Aren't they killing it in this space?
         | 
         | Nvidia love OCI I thought I read
        
           | htrp wrote:
           | OCI loves Nvidia.... the feeling is less than mutual
        
       | apitman wrote:
       | Over the weekend a coworker was helping someone in our lab
       | prepare data for an important conference talk.
       | 
       | We accidentally ran up a rather large bill because while the EFS
       | storage pricing was simple enough, the usage pricing bit us.
       | 
       | It seems like AWS' entire business model is making the pricing so
       | confusing that you don't know what it will cost until after
       | you've used it. It feels weirdly similar to the US
       | healthcare/insurance situation.
       | 
       | More competition in this space can only be a good thing.
        
         | matsz wrote:
         | This is precisely why I stick to dedicated servers for my own
         | personal projects.
         | 
         | $40/month for a machine, doesn't get any more predictable than
         | this.
        
           | baobabKoodaa wrote:
           | If you rent a dedicated server from AWS, you will be hit for
           | various additional fees which will likely dwarf that
           | $40/month.
           | 
           | So the issue here is not really shared vs dedicated
           | instances. The issue here is that a particular cloud provider
           | (namely AWS) has set up an opaque fee structure.
        
             | drdaeman wrote:
             | > If you rent a dedicated server from AWS
             | 
             | Who, in their right mind, goes for a bare metal to AWS,
             | when there are so many decent and time-tested options out
             | there?
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | Data Gravity. If you already have all your data in AWS,
               | and your app that is generating new data is in AWS, it
               | makes a lot of sense to get bare metal in AWS to do batch
               | workloads on that data, so there is no egress fees.
        
               | smabie wrote:
               | crypto hft
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Anyone who has experience with AWS or is looking to hire
               | candidates with known skills. AWS is the industry
               | standard. A lot of quality candidates know it and use it,
               | because it pays the best and has the most job
               | opportunities. And most companies use it because they
               | were first to market and its easy to find candidates.
               | 
               | I'd argue that startups should have a good reason for not
               | using AWS. The costs for their basic services is not that
               | much compared to the cost of development.
        
             | ElevenLathe wrote:
             | In my experience, when people say "dedicated server" they
             | typically mean something like OVH rather than a real
             | "cloud" provider (AWS, GCP, Azure, etc.). In other words,
             | something morally equivalent to colo but without having to
             | ship servers around.
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | Yes, that is likely the case here as well. But if someone
               | is not well versed in cloud providers and reads these
               | comments, they might be misinformed without clarifying
               | that this issue is AWS vs other providers, as opposed to
               | dedicated vs shared resources.
        
             | matsz wrote:
             | Oh no, I would never go AWS for dedicated. Should've
             | specified that in my comment so people don't get
             | disappointed if they try to get that from AWS.
        
             | oooyay wrote:
             | I suspect they're not getting a dedicated server from
             | Amazon. Anyone doing that is either foolish _or_ is so
             | locked into AWS infrastructure that it cost-wise makes more
             | sense than to expand a network to another provider. Fun
             | times, indeed.
             | 
             | What I started doing is just running my own "cloud" out of
             | my house for personal projects. I have all of the things I
             | need. There's some overhead in terms of maintenance and up-
             | front setup cost in terms of time and equipment, but after
             | that it's pretty smooth sailing.
        
               | whiplash451 wrote:
               | You still have network performance limitations + the
               | security aspects to run by yourself (as in: not getting
               | your data drive encrypted by a ransomware)
        
             | whiplash451 wrote:
             | You can get much cheaper dedicated servers with alternative
             | providers such as OVH.
        
           | zeroxfe wrote:
           | There's no way you're getting a machine for $40/month. :-)
           | 
           | Did you mean a dedicated VM or VPS?
           | 
           | (I have a bunch of actual dedicated machines with different
           | providers, and this would save me a lot of money.)
           | 
           | (Edit: holy moly those prices are fantastic!)
        
             | distantsounds wrote:
             | OVH and Hetzner have offerings at that price range. you can
             | use a tool like serverhunter.com to find all sorts of
             | economically-priced servers.
        
               | matsz wrote:
               | Yep, I'm renting two servers from Hetzner; have one in
               | Germany and another in Finland. Both cheap (EUR40/month)
               | and over the few years I've been using their services, I
               | have nothing to complain about.
        
             | javchz wrote:
             | OVH's so you start and server4you offer dedicated machines
             | for around that price. For personal projects they work
             | great
        
             | dinvlad wrote:
             | Yeah, Hetzner has 20 vCPU 64GB RAM i5-13500 servers for
             | $40/mo:
             | 
             | https://www.hetzner.com/dedicated-rootserver/matrix-ex/
             | 
             | This is ~10x cheaper than the closest AWS option, and
             | without the extra fees.
             | 
             | Also of note that Hetzner is profitable, which means AWS
             | has been operating at an insane markup.
        
               | thorncorona wrote:
               | > Also of note that Hetzner is profitable, which means
               | AWS has been operating at an insane markup.
               | 
               | You can also evidence of this on their 10-Q :^)
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | If you think offering a cloud service is at all the same
               | as offering someone a box in a rack, I invite you to
               | compete in the space.
        
               | dinvlad wrote:
               | Hetzner does have a cloud VPS option, which is still very
               | affordable: https://www.hetzner.com/cloud
               | 
               | This is pretty heads-to-heads with EC2, in terms of how
               | it works behind the scenes.
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | So go with hetzner?
        
               | dinvlad wrote:
               | Already do :-)
        
               | TacticalCoder wrote:
               | It's more than a box in a rack. These providers do
               | actively monitor and fix these boxen. They can all be
               | rebooted remotely as if you physically hit the button,
               | you've got interfaces to access the machine as if you
               | were logging in physically with a
               | DB-9/RS232/ethernet/whatever console, etc.
               | 
               | It's not just "space in a rack and you deal with the
               | servers yourself and you come to fix them if they break".
               | 
               | These companies know what they're doing.
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | You're missing the point. There's a massive difference
               | between getting a box service, and getting a highly
               | available regionally distributed service with a semblance
               | of a SLA of bandwidth to anywhere on the planet. To quote
               | a former manager, its not even apples and oranges, is
               | apples and pumpkins. They simply aren't in any way the
               | same scope.
        
               | notarealllama wrote:
               | Dang, that is a fantastic deal. The EUR100 / month is
               | even better - DDR5 RAM, 2TB NVME raid 1, and it's all
               | customizable too. Just have to wait for Ubuntu 24.04 to
               | be available and might have to make this switch.
        
               | dinvlad wrote:
               | Yeah, they're all pretty fantastic. Can even upgrade
               | existing servers with more RAM/disk, or store ~250 TB of
               | data for $400/mo etc.
               | 
               | Not to mention unlimited free 1 Gbit egress/server
        
               | yashg wrote:
               | Just setup two Ubuntu 24.04 servers in last couple of
               | days. One at Hetzner and another on AWS.
        
               | margorczynski wrote:
               | And this is just for the "dumb" EC2 instance, the markup
               | on their "smarter" stuff is probably much higher. In
               | general I understand why one would want to start off in
               | the cloud but staying there for 10+ years is quite absurd
               | given the costs.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | I've got a dedicated machine for $30/month. It's ancient, a
             | xeon L5640 with 16 GB ram, and 1 TB spinning disk, but it's
             | dedicated and it works great. Well actually, the first one
             | stopped working well, and I got a replacement with double
             | those specs for the same price; and the second one is
             | working great. I also run with full disk encryption,
             | because I don't trust their opsec on wiping drives, so
             | that's a bit of a hassle to reboots, I have to get a
             | console with IPMI and put in the disk password, although I
             | saw something [1] last night that inspires me to consider
             | the possibility of automation.
             | 
             | I recommend shopping at https://lowendbox.com/ and
             | https://lowendtalk.com/categories/offers
             | 
             | [1] https://github.com/emtiu/freebsd-outerbase
        
             | eddd-ddde wrote:
             | Also a dedicated VM is /literally/ a dedicated machine.
             | It's in the name!
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | A dedicated virtual machine is a _kind_ of dedicated
               | machine, sure. Like a private community swimming pool is
               | a kind of private swimming pool.
        
             | TacticalCoder wrote:
             | > There's no way you're getting a machine for $40/month.
             | :-)
             | 
             | Oh you can!
             | 
             | I've got several dedicated servers at OVH. My absolute
             | cheapest one is an "ECO" / Kimsufi (Kimsufi is a company
             | which spun out of OVH then, a few years later, back into
             | OVH) which I pay... 5 EUR / month. 6 EUR / month with VAT
             | (so 6.5 USD per month).
             | 
             | Sure, it's not beefy at that price: an Atom N2800 with 4 GB
             | or RAM but it _is_ a dedicated server with its own IPv4 IP
             | (yup, there can be uses for that).
             | 
             | I mostly use it as a jump host / reverse-ssh-with-a-known-
             | fixed-IP thinggy.
             | 
             | They've got great dedicated servers at very good price and
             | they're not the only ones in that space.
             | 
             | These can be rebooted/reinstalled remotely and they're
             | monitored: OVH shall deal with hardware failure, if any,
             | for you (never had any so far).
        
             | buildbot wrote:
             | I'm renting a box from Hetzner - 4x 22tb HD, 2x 1.5TB NVME
             | SSD, Ryzen 3600, 64gb ecc ram... for 100$ per month! It's
             | nice :)
        
         | rco8786 wrote:
         | > AWS' entire business model is making the pricing so confusing
         | 
         | My go to line here is that Cloud was a ZIRP. Like the whole
         | entire thing. Took us ~10 years to wind up the cloud, and it
         | will take years to unwind it, but the mass migration away is
         | already happening.
         | 
         | To be clear, I don't mean like AWS is going out of business or
         | anything. Just that companies are a) realizing how insanely
         | expensive it is, b) realizing how wildly volatile the pricing
         | is, and c) starting to reach for services with transparent,
         | fixed pricing
        
           | brigadier132 wrote:
           | I don't think people understand how absurd egress costs are.
           | I was talking with some people in game dev because im making
           | a multiplayer game and i wanted to understand what my future
           | costs would be. Bandwidth was #1 over compute.
        
             | apitman wrote:
             | I've done a decent amount of research on the cheapest VPS
             | providers for network-heavy applications. Take a look at
             | Hetzner and OVH if you haven't already. Also here's a
             | useful comparison:
             | 
             | https://getdeploying.com/reference/data-egress
        
             | bauruine wrote:
             | Yeah it's more than absurd. I have a rented server that
             | does 230TB egress a month. That's 4710$ in AWS egress fees
             | (0.02$ per GB). I pay 40 Euros or about 0.0002 per GB and
             | that includes an AMD Ryzen 5 3600 with 64GB RAM.
        
               | apitman wrote:
               | May I ask who your provider is?
        
               | bauruine wrote:
               | That's https://mevspace.com/ but hetzner, scaleway, ovh,
               | psychz.net, reliablesite.net etc. have similar pricing.
               | If you increase your budget to 100 there are many, many
               | more in Europe and the US.
        
               | apitman wrote:
               | Thanks!
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | > My go to line here is that Cloud was a ZIRP. Like the whole
           | entire thing. Took us ~10 years to wind up the cloud, and it
           | will take years to unwind it, but the mass migration away is
           | already happening.
           | 
           | This is Hacker News echo chamber stuff. There is certainly no
           | mass migration away from the cloud. Yes, I personally saw
           | companies in the 2010s say "we're moving everything to the
           | cloud!" without adequate planning or cost analysis and then
           | saying "OK, everyone off the cloud" once they got an insane
           | cloud bill.
           | 
           | But cloud costs can be managed, and for many, many companies
           | the cost of hiring people to manage all this infrastructure
           | and services is usually _way_ more than a well-managed cloud
           | project. Also, the canonical rationale I see on HN for moving
           | away from the cloud is  "I can just rent a box for $X/month".
           | If all you're using the cloud for is a dumb, static set of
           | compute, I agree that you can probably do it cheaper on your
           | own. I know hardly any companies (from small startups to
           | large enterprises) who use the cloud that way.
        
             | rco8786 wrote:
             | > for many, many companies the cost of hiring people to
             | manage all this infrastructure and services is usually way
             | more than a well-managed cloud project.
             | 
             | Yea, this is the line that everyone uses. I've worked at
             | these companies, and the reality just doesn't line up with
             | that. You end up still needing your whole Ops team, they're
             | just building cloud tooling instead of on-prem tooling.
             | 
             | As to whether or not the migration away is
             | happening...major cloud providers are already seeing people
             | leave, and profits starting to contract. _It 's very
             | early_. Like I said in the original post, it took us a long
             | time to wind up the cloud and it's going to take a long
             | time to come back to reality.
             | 
             | Something roughly cloud-shaped will probably always
             | remain..there are some legit use cases especially for
             | companies that have spiky load profiles. I don't mean we're
             | literally going back to running servers out of our IT
             | closets. I just mean that as a whole we're going to be
             | moving back to simpler deployments, simpler architectures,
             | and most importantly, fixed/predictable costs.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | > I just mean that as a whole we're going to be moving
               | back to simpler deployments, simpler architectures, and
               | most importantly, fixed/predictable costs.
               | 
               | That I can definitely agree with, I just believe that's
               | fully possible to do with cloud (for the most part,
               | though there are certainly some head turners like the
               | recent news that AWS was charging for forbidden attempts
               | on _private_ S3 buckets, which is bonkers) and cloud cost
               | management tools.
        
               | rco8786 wrote:
               | Yea that's totally fair. I think we're using slightly
               | different definitions of "cloud" here. I'm mainly focused
               | on the managed services/abstractions, things that
               | abstract away the server itself and are usage based
               | billed. But firing up a few ec2 instances is still
               | technically "the cloud", you are right.
        
             | npalli wrote:
             | No, not HN echo chamber. 83% of CIOs want to move workloads
             | back to on-prem or private cloud.
             | 
             | https://x.com/michaeldell/status/1780672823167742135?s=46&t
             | =...
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | I would take that with a giant tub of salt:
               | 
               | 1. As the saying goes, talk is cheap. It's one thing to
               | ask "What do you plan to do?" vs. what you actually do.
               | Look at revenue graphs for AWS, Azure and GCP over the
               | past 5-10 years, right up until the end of 2023. They are
               | definitely not shrinking.
               | 
               | 2. I'd be more than a bit skeptical of the messenger,
               | given that Dell obviously has a vested interest in
               | telling people they need to buy more servers.
               | 
               | 3. Even if you take what the surveyed CIOs say at face
               | value, asking "Are you planning to move some workloads
               | back to private cloud/on-prem from public cloud" is
               | totally consistent with what I said. There was rush of
               | "just put everything on the cloud" without thinking
               | through it strategically. But just because you're pulling
               | back on a few ill-thought-out cloud projects doesn't mean
               | that overall industry-wide public cloud investment isn't
               | still skyrocketing.
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | > It seems like AWS' entire business model is making the
         | pricing so confusing that you don't know what it will cost
         | until after you've used it. It feels weirdly similar to the US
         | healthcare/insurance situation.
         | 
         | Not just the healthcare situation, but everything. There's
         | nothing much more stereotypically American than "not knowing
         | what you're going to pay for something until you're billed."
         | Dozens of little fees on your cable or ISP bill, resort fees in
         | hotels, service charges on your restaurant bill, fees on car
         | rentals, fees from your bank when you so much as breathe on
         | your account, and of course sales taxes which for some reason
         | are never listed on the tag in any store.
        
           | doctorpangloss wrote:
           | People complain about this relentlessly, but never change.
           | 
           | Additionally, every single business owner I know complains
           | that whatever it is they're selling, (1) it isn't worth the
           | brain damage to sell to customers looking for the lowest
           | price, (2) as long as people comparison shop in a harebrained
           | way, hook pricing (aka up front pricing that looks low and
           | turns out high) is only rational. It's not like they're
           | providing a bad service for the cost.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | I mean this is why a lot of first world countries have
             | consumer protections that demands the retailer/service
             | publishes prices up front. Course in the US there is quite
             | a counter lobbyist group that prevents just that from
             | happening.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | >hook pricing (aka up front pricing that looks low and
             | turns out high) is only rational.
             | 
             | Yes, many deceptive business practices are rational acts on
             | the part of the businesses. That doesn't mean they should
             | be tolerated.
        
               | thaumaturgy wrote:
               | I have begun to think of this as a "large population
               | error", and I'm noticing it in a lot of different
               | markets.
               | 
               | At small scales, annoying your customers is bad business.
               | You only need to lose a few before it begins to hurt.
               | Customer complaints are more likely to be a consideration
               | in business decisions.
               | 
               | At larger scales, a business can begin to preferentially
               | adopt practices intended to drive away some customers.
               | Perhaps you don't want the "pathological" customers, to
               | borrow one of Patrick McKenzie's terms. You can make more
               | money with less effort by being more selective about your
               | customers.
               | 
               | At _extremely large_ scales, you largely stop thinking
               | about groups of customers altogether. All of your
               | decisions are driven by aggregates -- did _all sales_ go
               | up this quarter, or down? The effort required to do a
               | deep dive into the behaviors and preferences of any
               | individual market segment may not make sense anymore on a
               | quarterly basis. At this scale, you might be able to
               | afford to annoy tens of thousands of customers and still
               | have a very nice graph next quarter.
               | 
               | So, when someone says a business practice shouldn't be
               | "tolerated", that's a perfectly reasonable position,
               | except it doesn't actually work for businesses operating
               | at extremely large scales. It's too difficult for
               | customers to organize a protest in a way that will
               | influence that business's decision-making.
               | 
               | So much business has moved online in the last 20 years,
               | while the US has leveled off at 80% urbanization over the
               | same time period, along with more and more businesses
               | congealing into BigCos, combined with the recent
               | domination of private equity: lots and lots of things are
               | now operating at a scale where customer concerns just
               | aren't a part of the business model anymore.
               | 
               | Coffee shops, fast food, big-box retail, online retail,
               | SaaS, PaaS: all of these can thrive while running on
               | exorbitant pricing and abusive customer policies, because
               | their volume of customers is so large that it's nearly
               | impossible to be so bad that you'll piss off enough
               | customers to impact your decision-making. (Unless you're
               | Sony.)
        
               | staunton wrote:
               | > It's too difficult for customers to organize a protest
               | in a way that will influence that business's decision-
               | making.
               | 
               | It's actually very easy (in theory). You (vote for
               | someone who will) _ban_ fraudulent and anti-competitive
               | behavior, _sue_ the offenders and have them pay _huge_
               | fines. The fact that this very rarely works out is a
               | failure of the political system.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | The intuitive answer is competition, where customers move
               | from user-hostile companies to new ones.
               | 
               | The problem in my mind is that the largest companies have
               | too much efficiencies of scale to compete with on price.
               | 
               | When competition can't undercut on price, it is hard to
               | argue that customers aren't being served by monopoly mega
               | corps.
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | Which is exactly why they should be banned to keep the
               | market overall healthy. Preventing deceptive practices in
               | a market economy this is a prime example of useful
               | government "intervention", just like supporting contract
               | enforcement or preventing theft
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | They can always justify it as not knowing the price.
               | 
               | The sales tax rate is different in different places. It
               | costs a different amount to ship to Florida than Alaska
               | and picking it up at the factory is free (even if nobody
               | does). The advertised price is if you have your own
               | modem, renting one from the cable company is more.
               | 
               | None of these are inherently wrong. You _should_ be
               | paying more if you 're having it shipped to a remote
               | location with high shipping costs, and the cost of that
               | shouldn't be dumped on every other customer. But it's
               | kind of a loophole if you want the advertised price to be
               | lower than what people are actually going to be paying in
               | practice.
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | There are some cases where not knowing the price is
               | reasonable. As you say, shipping can often only be
               | calculated if you know all items and their destination.
               | If you advertise on national TV you can't name a price
               | that includes sales price (unless the company eats the
               | difference). But these could be treated as tightly
               | regulated necessary evils, not as a justification that
               | showing final prices is always impossible.
               | 
               | There is no reason you can't show final price including
               | tax on the label in a physical shop. There is no reason
               | why a restaurant should be able to charge a 20% service
               | charge instead of increasing regular prices by 20%. If
               | you are buying a concert ticket or airline ticket the
               | displayed price should include all mandatory fees. They
               | can upsell you on additional services, but they can't
               | suddenly notice in the last checkout step that your price
               | is higher because the website you are using is charging a
               | fee; that fee was known to them at the beginning of the
               | transaction and should have to be disclosed at that point
               | in time at the latest. If you want to go even further you
               | can also dictate that shipping and handling fees are only
               | allowed to include reasonable costs of actual shipping
               | and handling.
               | 
               | All of these are normal common-sense regulations in most
               | first-world countries.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > There is no reason you can't show final price including
               | tax on the label in a physical shop.
               | 
               | Sure there is. When the price label is affixed by the
               | factory/warehouse then you would have to track where
               | everything is going and be unable to share inventory.
               | Also, if the sales tax rate changes then all the labels
               | become wrong. These would ultimately increase costs for
               | consumers.
               | 
               | Adding sales tax is also not at all misleading because
               | the customer is not going to be surprised by it and there
               | isn't going to be a competing merchant across the street
               | who can avoid charging it.
               | 
               | There are also business customers with their own sales
               | tax ID and they can buy things without paying sales tax
               | when they're being incorporated into a product where they
               | collect the sales tax themselves.
               | 
               | > There is no reason why a restaurant should be able to
               | charge a 20% service charge instead of increasing regular
               | prices by 20%.
               | 
               | This is actually true. A mandatory undisclosed fee is BS.
               | But it doesn't help much, because if they want to do it
               | then they just make it "optional" where the way to avoid
               | it is more of an inconvenience than paying the fee.
               | 
               | > They can upsell you on additional services, but they
               | can't suddenly notice in the last checkout step that your
               | price is higher because the website you are using is
               | charging a fee; that fee was known to them at the
               | beginning of the transaction and should have to be
               | disclosed at that point in time at the latest.
               | 
               | The last step is where you disclose your address. Before
               | that they may not even know which _country_ you 're in,
               | much less the city/state, and there are a thousand
               | legitimate reasons to have different prices or fees in
               | different jurisdictions.
               | 
               | > If you want to go even further you can also dictate
               | that shipping and handling fees are only allowed to
               | include reasonable costs of actual shipping and handling.
               | 
               | That doesn't really help, they're typically charging the
               | actual cost. They just don't include it in the advertised
               | price because it makes you inclined to make the purchase
               | online instead of saving $10 by picking it up for the
               | same price but no shipping charge the next time you go to
               | the competing local store.
               | 
               | There's a reason Amazon's major competitive advantage is
               | free two day shipping, derived from having the scale to
               | achieve low shipping costs themselves.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | > When the price label is affixed by the
               | factory/warehouse then you would have to track where
               | everything is going and be unable to share inventory.
               | 
               | Price tags are pretty much universally handled at the
               | stores. There are some goods where the price tag is
               | attached, but that's more the exception and not the rule.
               | 
               | This is a solvable problem. So much so that if you've
               | traveled in most nations you'll see that all prices
               | include tax. Not including tax is a particularly weird
               | aspect of US culture that simply doesn't exist in other
               | nations, even those with a large amount of imported
               | goods.
        
               | satvikpendem wrote:
               | This argument reminds me of pre-ordering games. People
               | are simply too dumb to stop doing so, even if it's in
               | their best interest. But those that do are often rewarded
               | for not pre-ordering in the form of lower prices and more
               | content, hen the game eventually goes on sale. It doesn't
               | mean that pre-ordering should be banned, however.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | > it isn't worth the brain damage to sell to customers
             | looking for the lowest price
             | 
             | The cheapest customers are always the most expensive to
             | work with. It's a sad reality.
             | 
             | I worked at several companies who for some foolish reason
             | saw the cheapo customers as some untapped market and when
             | they raced to the bottom they lost every time.
        
             | antisthenes wrote:
             | > It's not like they're providing a bad service for the
             | cost.
             | 
             | When it comes to healthcare, they absolutely are. The US
             | spends more than double for the same outcomes as other
             | developed countries.
             | 
             | And no, this isn't because of the cost to develop new and
             | novel drugs (which aren't used in 99.9% of routine health
             | care)
        
             | jonahhorowitz wrote:
             | California gets a lot of flack for having too much
             | regulation, but this change is very welcome for consumers.
             | 
             | No more junk fees in CA.
             | 
             | - https://www.sfgate.com/food/article/sf-restaurants-junk-
             | fees...
        
               | autoexecbat wrote:
               | Is this just restaurants?
        
             | krisoft wrote:
             | > People complain about this relentlessly, but never change
             | 
             | What do you mean by this? How would "people change" to get
             | out of resort fees or confusing pricing systems?
        
               | joshstrange wrote:
               | I believe they are saying that people fall for the hook
               | pricing and won't go with an alternative that is upfront
               | about their price (because it looks higher). If companies
               | aren't rewarded for doing the "right" thing then why
               | would they do it?
        
               | vanviegen wrote:
               | Vote for politicians that haven't been bought by big corp
               | (yet).
        
               | jimjimjim wrote:
               | "people" as a group need to stop shopping solely on
               | price. Btw, You may look at other factors but as a
               | general rule "people" look at price.
        
               | tpm wrote:
               | Ban them. Here in the EU such behavior is mostly illegal.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | people could stop buying from sellers with confusing
               | pricing systems.
               | 
               | People are capable of change.
        
             | diob wrote:
             | This is why other countries just have laws for this, it
             | evens the playing field and removes the bs.
        
           | alex_lav wrote:
           | Hiding blatant fraud behind the label of "convenience". Every
           | industry. Pay for Amazon prime to get 2 day shipping "for
           | free". Item arrives in six days. Prime does not get refunded.
           | 
           | Pay +10% for "priority" rides in Lyft, supposed to arrive in
           | 1-5 minutes, whereas "regular" is 7-15. Car shows up in 18
           | minutes. Priority payment does not get refunded.
           | 
           | Honestly what's even the point in caring anymore. Living in
           | America is about getting grifted until you can hopefully
           | figure out your own grift. The irony of posting this thought
           | on this website is intentional.
        
             | lapphi wrote:
             | Yes. Frank reynolds in the popular television show it's
             | always sunny in Philadelphia lays it out in plain terms on
             | one of the episodes. "In America you're either the duper or
             | the dupee". PT Barnum also knew this essential truth about
             | our nation.
        
           | xkcd-sucks wrote:
           | Less advanced economies have discovered this pricing
           | innovation, but are generally not able to scale it beyond
           | hostess bar scams and the like :)
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | Which is especially weird for the country that fought the
           | cold war to show the supremacy of capitalism; a system that
           | is based on market actors knowing the price and value of
           | every product and service offered and making rational
           | purchase decisions based on that.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | Capitalism can't work without information asymmetry when it
             | comes to pricing.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Maybe that's why credit cards are so extremely popular in the
           | US? I suppose if you never know how much you're going to pay
           | for anything, it helps to have a buffer between the vendor
           | and your bank account, allowing you to review the charges
           | after the fact, and should you dispute some, be on a somewhat
           | even playing field with the vendor.
        
           | silverquiet wrote:
           | I have to say that my response to "not knowing what you're
           | going to pay for something until you're billed" is basically,
           | "well I guess we'll see if I can pay it then". You sort of
           | start asking yourself, "what if I just don't pay?". I have a
           | (deadbeat) buddy who's entire medical plan is essentially to
           | give a fake name to the ER, and if you're poor in America,
           | what else can you do?
        
             | pjlegato wrote:
             | > give a fake name to the ER, and if you're poor in
             | America, what else can you do?
             | 
             | The American government spends something approaching a
             | trillion dollars annually on Medicaid, "a government
             | program that provides health insurance for adults and
             | children with limited income and resources."[1]
             | 
             | Seperately, Obamacare[2] created a private health insurance
             | market where low income people can obtain free or heavily
             | discounted private health insurance coverage, according to
             | their income.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicaid [2]
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act
        
               | notaustinpowers wrote:
               | Obamacare is (largely) a failure due to insurance
               | meddling and laws preventing government insurance
               | programs from negotiating prices with drug companies.
               | 
               | I'm a healthy individual, not even 30 yet, never smoked,
               | never broken a bone, and never even had stitches in my
               | life. And when I last checked their prices, I was making
               | only $45k/yr. For coverage with Obamacare, I would be
               | paying $350/month for the "catastrophic" plan. Which
               | includes no prescription copay, no dental, no vision, and
               | only kicks in after I've spent $100,000 in one year, and
               | it takes 6 months to take effect after signing up. It's
               | only there for serious issues like losing a leg or
               | cancer.
        
               | dangrossman wrote:
               | Obamacare is not a plan, it's a law that set minimum
               | standards for health insurance plans, created
               | marketplaces to cross-shop plans across providers on a
               | single website, and created a system where you can
               | receive government subsidies towards their cost if your
               | income is low enough. At $45K, you would receive
               | subsidies towards your insurance premiums.
               | 
               | I've bought my insurance on the ACA marketplace since it
               | opened ten years ago. There's no difference I can see
               | between the plans offered on the health insurance
               | marketplace and those offered directly from the websites
               | of the same insurers that offer coverage in my state
               | (Blue Cross, CVS Aetna, United, Ambetter, etc).
               | 
               | The very highest deductible "catastrophic" plan offered
               | on the marketplace in California for a 29 year old has a
               | $9450/year deductible, which is also the maximum out-of-
               | pocket expense for the year if you have this plan. A
               | $100K deductible plan does not exist, and when you enroll
               | during the annual enrollment period or after a qualifying
               | life event, plans take effect the day you make your first
               | payment, not months later.
               | 
               | I'm 10 years your senior and pay less than $350 per month
               | with a lower deductible than the plan quoted above, with
               | no government subsidies.
        
               | notaustinpowers wrote:
               | I use Obamacare in the rural southern way, referencing
               | ACA and healthcare.gov, lol.
               | 
               | I'm also in Georgia which may have different regulations
               | regarding the deductibles. I remember looking at the
               | plans around 2 years ago and realizing that there was no
               | way I could afford the premium, let alone the yearly
               | deductible.
               | 
               | I just took another quick look at a non-Healthcare.gov
               | site. Insurance for me would be $313/month with a $9,100
               | deductible. But it does not cover doctor visits, generic
               | drugs, or specialist visits until after I pay the full
               | $9,100.
               | 
               | Why would I want to pay $313/month for essentially no
               | coverage until I spend 20% of my income towards a
               | deductible before I see any benefits?
        
               | dangrossman wrote:
               | You get an annual doctor visit for free with any
               | insurance plan. There is no deductible or copay. There
               | are other categories that are covered with no deductible.
               | My wife had a $13,000 IUD insertion under anesthesia at a
               | hospital due to complications, and this cost her $0 with
               | insurance, without having met her deductible, since
               | reproductive health is covered with no out of pocket cost
               | under all ACA plans.
               | 
               | I'm on healthcare.gov looking at Georgia's plans this
               | year for someone with $45K of income. You have options
               | starting at $129/month. Many of these sub-$200 plans get
               | you doctors visits for $40-60, prescription drugs for
               | under $25 each, mental health treatment for under $60 per
               | visit. This is all without hitting your deductible at
               | all, they're day 1 prices.
               | 
               | If you paid the cash prices for many of these doctors,
               | specialists, therapists, they'd be many times higher than
               | the insurance negotiated costs. Look under the "covered
               | costs" estimates for things like mental health treatment,
               | diabetes maintenance, broken bone treatment, etc and
               | you'll see that the estimated annual cost for the insured
               | is often half or less the plan's deductible -- which
               | tells you that hitting the deductible is not when the
               | savings start. I don't think my wife or I have ever hit
               | our out-of-pocket maximums in a year, yet the insurance
               | has saved us more than it's cost in most years.
               | 
               | You're going to start interacting with the healthcare
               | system a lot more than you have in your 20s once you're
               | in your 30s. We all do at that age. And if you have even
               | the worst ACA plan, you'll start to understand what it's
               | doing for you regardless of the deductible.
        
               | phonon wrote:
               | This is the cheapest plan I could find in GA. It said it
               | would subsidize the $357/m cost down to $113 for $45k 40
               | year old Male non-smoker, single. It seems quite a bit
               | better than what you are suggesting. (I used
               | https://www.healthsherpa.com/ to more easily check out
               | available plans.) It covers preventative care, and after
               | the $9100 deductible, it seems to cover pretty much
               | everything with $0 copay, as long as its in-network.
               | 
               | (You also get their negotiated rates when you go to the
               | doctor, I assume.)
               | 
               | https://d3ul0st9g52g6o.cloudfront.net/2024/GA/sbc/2024_58
               | 081...
        
               | softsound wrote:
               | It's still expensive, I worked as a contractor full time
               | for a tech company for a year which basically means I pay
               | for my own insurance through Obamacare (though they did
               | suggest insurance at work but they didn't pay anything
               | towards it so it is just is in case you want a 4th party
               | to help you help yourself). Still long before that I
               | basically just said I didn't have insurance and would get
               | the price knocked down considerably. Half the time it's
               | cheaper not to even have insurance... But now I'm
               | "responsible" in the hopes it might bring down the price
               | for other things in the future. For planned events I
               | recommend health insurance, despite how often it's not
               | all that worth it. Honestly though my current insurance
               | copay cost as much as being uninsured in other countries
               | so I kinda laugh at this crazy idea. I pay about $100 to
               | visit any specialist doctor and it only cost $80 to be
               | uninsured in some other countries on top of the $350 a
               | month I already pay.
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | We live in Texas.
        
               | pjlegato wrote:
               | Sounds like your issue is with Texas, then, not with
               | America.
               | 
               | Why perpetuate crude and inaccurate stereotypes that
               | smear and disparage America in general? America is
               | spending a huge amount of money every year precisely on
               | providing healthcare for the poor.
               | 
               | Besides which, it looks like Medicaid does indeed operate
               | in Texas, which is discoverable in less than 10 seconds
               | of Internet searching:
               | https://www.hhs.texas.gov/services/health/medicaid-
               | chip/abou...
               | 
               | And, seperately, Obamacare's marketplace works
               | nationally, including in Texas: "More Texans than ever
               | before enrolled in ACA health plans in 2024"[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.texastribune.org/2024/01/24/texas-aca-
               | health-ins...
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | Have you considered perhaps that because I live in Texas,
               | I know a bit more about those programs than you who have
               | just googled and linked the top results? And that perhaps
               | because I live in Texas, I indeed have issues with Texas
               | (still a part of America in spite of the wishes of some
               | on the right wing)?
               | 
               | From your own article (I knew this stat would be in
               | there):
               | 
               | > Currently, Texas leads the nation in the number of
               | uninsured residents with nearly 5 million people living
               | here without health insurance coverage, nearly double the
               | national average.
               | 
               | Why do you think so many are uninsured if it is so simple
               | for them to get health coverage?
        
               | pjlegato wrote:
               | You said giving a fake name at the ER was the only option
               | for poor AMERICANS to obtain healthcare.
               | 
               | That is categorically false, and testifes to some sort of
               | deep seated bias against our own country profoundly
               | embedded in your worldview -- one which extends all the
               | way to glib counterfactual promotion of verifiably false
               | information about the country and its supposed moral
               | shortcomings.
               | 
               | 2) Texas has a much larger population than 49 of the
               | other 50 states -- about 30 million, higher than any
               | state but California. Of course the number of uninsured
               | residents will be higher than the national average. You
               | didn't control for uninsured per capita.
               | 
               | Why are so many uninsured if it's possible (I didn't say
               | easy) for them to get coverage? Probably, a large part of
               | the reason is people who go around promoting the
               | (completely false) common trope that "poor Americans just
               | can't get health coverage, the government does nothing
               | for them."
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | Pretty sure my buddy is an American - I've known him
               | almost all my life. I'm quite sure he's poor - he asks me
               | for money a bit more than I'd like. The fake name thing
               | was just a strategy he developed after going to the ER
               | due to a blow to the head which caused him to forget his
               | name; I'm sure there are many creative ways to get
               | healthcare, but most of the of poor Texans (whom I'm also
               | pretty sure are Americans considering I'm related to a
               | few of them) I've known just go to the ER and ignore the
               | bills. It's probably not the best system, but it's the
               | one we've got I guess.
               | 
               | As to point 2) I thought about including the info in my
               | previous comment, but it wasn't in your own source
               | material and I'm a bit lazy. So here, I'll do it in this
               | one.
               | 
               | > Texas is still the state with the highest percentage of
               | uninsured residents, at nearly 17 percent, according to
               | the most recent U.S. Census Bureau survey released
               | Thursday. [0]
               | 
               | [0]https://www.texastribune.org/2023/09/14/census-bureau-
               | texas-...
               | 
               | Speaking as a Texan (also pretty sure I'm American) who
               | lives with some disability, I can tell you that I've
               | looked at the systems and it's a real fear of mine that
               | I'll end up as one of these statistics.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > Why do you think so many are uninsured if it is so
               | simple for them to get health coverage?
               | 
               | High numbers of people who have illegally immigrated and
               | are worried about getting into programs subsidized by the
               | government which might result in questions about
               | residency status leading to deportation?
               | 
               | High rates of misinformation surrounding the costs of
               | insurance and availability of welfare programs in the
               | state?
               | 
               | I just looked up getting a plan in Texas. 40 year old
               | male non-smoker in Texas earning $45k/yr can get
               | insurance for $128/mo. They're eligible for an HSA, so
               | they can put tax-free savings that roll over every year
               | into an investment account to help cover the $7,400
               | deductible. PCP and preventative care visits are free.
               | Generic drugs are $10. Urgent care out of pocket is $160.
               | Other plans have slightly higher premiums but much lower
               | deductibles, some have different co-pays.
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | Yes - my plan if ever separated from employer insurance
               | is to manipulate my income and expenses (I have
               | significant investments I can draw upon and access to a
               | family real estate portfolio that allows me to live rent-
               | free) in order to get the full subsidy. Most people are
               | not like me however; my buddy has several times had his
               | car impounded for not paying car insurance. I don't think
               | health insurance will make the cut in his budget.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Medicaid wasn't expanded in several states with tens of
               | millions of people living in them[1]. For example, in
               | Texas, nobody is eligible for Medicaid based solely on
               | their income alone.
               | 
               | Where Medicaid is expanded, the income requirements for
               | Medicaid are far from sane. If you make over 100% to 138%
               | of the federal poverty line, which is $15,060/year for an
               | individual, you are not eligible for coverage. For
               | example, someone who makes $16k to $21k a year, depending
               | on where they live, is ineligible for coverage despite
               | making poverty wages.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.kff.org/affordable-care-act/issue-
               | brief/status-o...
        
               | rmah wrote:
               | Most Americans don't realize just how huge and extensive
               | medicare/medicaid is. They cover 65mil and 88mil people
               | respectively, including 40mil children. That's 153mil
               | people out of 330mil population -- that's 46% of the
               | USA's population. Total spending is $1.9T for both. A
               | cost of $12,400/person covered. $1.9T is 7.5% of the
               | total US GDP of $25.44T. Medicare/medicaid is a massive
               | program. Bigger than social security at $1.4T. It's crazy
               | huge.
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | In that case, why not just go all the way to Medicare for
               | All?
        
               | jonfromsf wrote:
               | Because with the current medical cost, it would be
               | absolutely ruinous. The root problem is American health
               | care is far too expensive. The entire system is massively
               | wasteful and complex.
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | Seems like unifying it under a single, already-extant
               | federal system would greatly reduce administrative
               | overhead though, don't you think?
               | 
               | What's funny is I'm probably one of the people whose
               | paycheck is dependent on me not understanding that to
               | paraphrase Upton Sinclair. When I started at my current
               | employer, one of the devs straight up said the government
               | should be doing what we do and we shouldn't have a
               | business.
        
             | danielvaughn wrote:
             | I worked in a couple of emergency rooms for a total of 6
             | years, and you aren't wrong. Assuming the care you need can
             | be entirely performed within the ER, then that's a viable
             | strategy so long as you don't intend to re-visit the
             | hospital.
             | 
             | Hospitals are obligated to provide care regardless of your
             | ability to pay in the moment, and of course they often take
             | care of indigent and foreign patients, with the
             | understanding that they won't be able to recoup their
             | costs.
             | 
             | If you don't have your identification on you, then they
             | simply give you a number to call and they usually ask to
             | respond within a few business days because after that, it's
             | harder to get insurance approval.
             | 
             | This all changes if you're admitted to the hospital and
             | need surgery, because I think there's pre-approval required
             | from your insurance carrier. Though since I worked in the
             | ER, my memory is hazy on that.
             | 
             | If they believe you were deceptive and simply refused to be
             | identified, then that is technically illegal, so they will
             | put up your picture and will alert the police if they see
             | you again. But if you never intend to visit the hospital
             | again, it doesn't really matter. No one is going to hunt
             | you down unless you're doing it on such a large scale that
             | it can't be ignored.
             | 
             | This all said, I want to say that I still think it's an
             | unethical thing to do.
        
               | explaininjs wrote:
               | I have a friend that incurred massive medical debts in
               | college when their (college-provided) insurance refused
               | to cover services rendered at the (college) hospital. The
               | college then made all sorts of threats like "you won't be
               | able to graduate until this $$,$$$ bill is paid!!!". Keep
               | in mind my friend was only able to attend college on a
               | full scholarship as a result of coming from a poor ESL
               | family.
               | 
               | They ignored all the threats, the department in charge of
               | threatening seemingly didn't talk to the department in
               | charge of graduation, and to this day (5 years later)
               | they still receive near-daily letters in the mail
               | requesting payment. I can't say I find my friend's
               | actions unethical in the slightest.
               | 
               | Ah! The UC system...
        
               | simonbarker87 wrote:
               | As the old saying goes "If I owe you $100 it's my
               | problem, if I owe you $100,000 ... it's your problem"
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | > alert the police if they see you again
               | 
               | Aren't inmates technically supposed to get healthcare?
               | Could be a last-ditch option I suppose if you can't get
               | something covered any other way. Personally I'm trying to
               | stay employed to keep my coverage, but sometimes you
               | can't outrun the layoffs.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | Don't get me started on dark patterns! I think the fact that
           | we create them should be something we discuss.
           | 
           | But I think we need to up our game in this cat and mouse game
           | a bit. For example, in aggregators -- like Expedia or Google
           | Flights, etc -- why not try to capture some of these fees in
           | the price? I can search for hotels with parking but what
           | about sorting hotels by price and including the parking
           | price? It's hard to compare when I see a $120 hotel that has
           | a $50 valet vs a $150 hotel that includes parking. But that's
           | the thing I'm actually after a lot of times. Or similar with
           | flights and baggage fees. We should be able to collect a lot
           | of this type of information and properly present it to the
           | users and try to make these types of dark patterns
           | ineffective (still will be cat and mouse and this is only a
           | specific type of pattern, but still, I think there are things
           | we can do)
        
             | mikepurvis wrote:
             | Probably an opportunity there to gather and expose that
             | data, same as how flight aggregators like orbitz twenty
             | years ago started showing prices inclusive of taxes and
             | fees.
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | Then pay for it with a credit card that gives you a random
           | amount of cash back, and pay your credit card bill using your
           | tax refund that came as a nice surprise at the end of the
           | year, because you over withheld all year so you don't
           | actually even know what your real take home pay is supposed
           | to be.
           | 
           | No wonder Americans have no idea how the economy is doing.
        
             | TechDebtDevin wrote:
             | I'm always surprised by people who expect and are excited
             | for their refund. Half the country is pitching about
             | politicians taxation plans when all the while they're
             | volunteering to overpay out of every paycheck.
        
               | jkingsman wrote:
               | When you lack the self-control to save, over-withholding
               | + refund becomes an ersatz year-long savings account.
               | It's terrible, lacking any interest at all, but when it's
               | all you've got, breaking open the piggy bank to get your
               | money back feels good even if it doesn't make financial
               | sense.
        
               | tatpacc wrote:
               | > people who expect and are excited for their refund.
               | 
               | and then pay % of your refund as a fee to CPA, so they
               | help you maximize your refund.
        
               | gadflyinyoureye wrote:
               | I know how many guns I have. I know the Feds have more.
               | Therefore give them their pound of flesh before they show
               | up with the myriad of guns.
        
             | _factor wrote:
             | Even paying cash. Unless the establishment offers a cash
             | discount, you're paying inflated credit card induced
             | compensatory pricing.
             | 
             | It's a real shame banks received 2-5% of most transaction
             | for what costs them pennies. Sure, there are benefits, but
             | their ask isn't covering it.
        
           | 127 wrote:
           | It's strange from a foreigners perspective because all of
           | this looks exactly like a dark pattern made to distract and
           | confuse gambling addicts. Why does American government allow
           | direct predation on its own citizens?
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | Did they manage to get AWS to provide some mechanism to get
             | an up-front price in your country? That's pretty neat if
             | so.
             | 
             | I think lots of people go along with these as-you-go
             | services because they'd rather deal with an unexpected
             | bill, than having their servers shut off.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | We really need laws that allow customers to set a legally-
         | binding max spend per month on any service, after which it's
         | upto the company to suspend services.
         | 
         | This should apply to everything -- cloud compute, healthcare,
         | phone bills, internet services, everything.
        
           | balls187 wrote:
           | You sort of have that already in the US for health, its tied
           | to your insurance and its called max out of pocket. Of course
           | it only applies to covered services, and insurance companies
           | and medical providers don't necessarily make it simple to
           | know what is and is not covered (though it IS improving).
           | 
           | If you plan on seeking medical services without going through
           | insurance, the ACA requires providers to provide you with a
           | good faith estimate upfront.
        
             | dheera wrote:
             | > its tied to your insurance and its called max out of
             | pocket
             | 
             | F that, if I paid for insurance I shouldn't have to pay
             | _anything_ out of pocket
             | 
             | > If you plan on seeking medical services without going
             | through insurance, the ACA requires providers to provide
             | you with a good faith estimate upfront.
             | 
             | F that, if there is any out of pocket payments at all, I
             | should be entitled to estimates even WITH insurance and
             | they should be legally mandated to be within 5% of the
             | actual cost.
        
               | balls187 wrote:
               | > F that, if I paid for insurance I shouldn't have to pay
               | anything out of pocket
               | 
               | That's not how insurance works, bud. For one, you likely
               | don't pay for insurance, its heavily subsidized by your
               | employer, and they will determine which policies to offer
               | you. For two, you share the risk with everyone else who
               | has a policy with your provider.
               | 
               | I could see an argument for insurance companies being
               | legislated to force them to cover more previously
               | uncovered services, as the ACA did.
               | 
               | > F that, if there is any out of pocket payments at all,
               | I should be entitled to estimates even WITH insurance and
               | they should be legally mandated to be within 5% of the
               | actual cost.
               | 
               | Sure, you are welcome to contact your insurance BEFORE
               | you obtain services and find out what they will cover. In
               | fact, its incumbent upon you to do that, and not expect
               | HCP's to do that for you.
        
         | superfrank wrote:
         | > It seems like AWS' entire business model is making the
         | pricing so confusing that you don't know what it will cost
         | until after you've used it.
         | 
         | Maybe I'm naive, but I don't think that's intentional. I think
         | it's just a byproduct of trying to build something that works
         | for everyone and every use case.
         | 
         | As you make your target market bigger and bigger, you
         | continually hit edge case after edge case that you try and
         | solve with "just one more" rule or option. Eventually the
         | system becomes so complex that no layman can understand it.
        
           | tjoff wrote:
           | That would make some sense if the edge-cases didnt have
           | 10.000% margin.
        
             | superfrank wrote:
             | I've worked at companies that were spending 6 figures a
             | month on AWS and we had dedicated AWS employees who helped
             | us understand our bill and keep pricing in check. We also
             | had GCP and Azure reps constantly reaching out to see if
             | they could win us over by showing us how they could lower
             | our bill. Overcharging enterprise customers for things
             | they're not using is actually a risk to AWS as it gives
             | customers a reason to jump ship.
             | 
             | The whales on AWS aren't overspending because AWS uses the
             | granularity of their billing to make sure they aren't.
             | That's how they keep the whales happy.
             | 
             | For the little guys, I'm not even sure it's worth AWS's
             | time to nickel and dime them. AWS hands out thousands to
             | ten of thousands of dollars in credits like candy. I'm
             | pretty sure it's more important to them to lock in whales
             | when they're still minnows than to bilk an extra $500 a
             | year out of a 10 person start up.
        
               | Hikikomori wrote:
               | Idk about that, it becomes worse at larger scales. We're
               | at 7 figures weekly with obscene amounts of waste. But at
               | that scale it's like hundreds of Aws bills to understand.
        
           | ikiris wrote:
           | Was it "I didn't understand it and/or put in the effort to
           | understand it first" ? Nah it must be "theres a conspiracy to
           | make it confusing so we pay more"
           | 
           | AWS has one of the nicer to comprehend billing systems.
        
             | zb3 wrote:
             | Is there a pre-paid option?
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | Yes. AWS Advance Pay.
        
               | zb3 wrote:
               | I couldn't find a list of "eligible charges", also that
               | doesn't seem to mean advance payment would be the only
               | payment option so I couldn't be billed and the service
               | would just stop.. did I miss anything?
        
           | zb3 wrote:
           | So you're saying that they can't implement a hard limit, yet
           | are able to provide hard-limited trials / student credits?
           | It's impossibly hard to believe they couldn't implement the
           | pre-paid model
        
         | thefourthchime wrote:
         | The other way EFS will bite you is if you don't have enough
         | provisioning and you push changes to prod that make it throttle
         | to a point where it doesn't work and then you're making
         | emergency changes from a hotel room on vacation.
         | 
         | I don't think that's AWS explicit business model, but I think
         | they're perfectly fine with it happening.
        
         | balls187 wrote:
         | > It seems like AWS' entire business model is making the
         | pricing so confusing that you don't know what it will cost
         | until after you've used it.
         | 
         | Complicated cost calculations are only a part of the issue. You
         | (or your team) also have fault in that you did not take the
         | time to understand the costs associated with your decisions and
         | not utilize AWS cost management capabilities (that is assuming
         | you did get a surprise bill in lieu of an alert saying you hit
         | a budget threshold).
         | 
         | And that is in part due to the shift from having dedicated ops
         | teams, to having programmers take on more infrastructure tasks.
         | This isn't unique or novel--incorrectly configured buckets,
         | committing access keys, poor IAM setup, etc happen so
         | frequently due to devs who have no real practical experience
         | managing production infrastructure having unchecked access to
         | AWS.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | Well, all the infra people did this too, just earlier.
        
       | Tollen wrote:
       | I wish there were more of these for artists who specifically need
       | GPU rendering for their own animations and heavy duty production.
       | It seems like all of this new infrastructure isn't going towards
       | "classic" GPU use cases.
        
       | lowlevelprog wrote:
       | I have switched to buying GPUs and I already see saved costs as
       | compared to cloud renting. Also, networking is fun.
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | > Also, networking is fun.
         | 
         | Let me know how your 400G deployment goes with your vendors VRF
         | implementation.
        
       | tehlike wrote:
       | Switching to hetzner was one of the good things I did last year!
        
       | iotapi322 wrote:
       | Crypto has this covered with 4090's available on clore and
       | several other platforms.
        
       | Gbox4 wrote:
       | A funny comment from that article:
       | 
       | "On CoreWeave, renting an Nvidia A100 40GB -- one popular choice
       | for model training and inferencing -- costs $2.39 per hour, which
       | works out to $1,200 per month. On Azure, the same GPU costs $3.40
       | per hour, or $2,482 per month; on Google Cloud, it's $3.67 per
       | hour, or $2,682 per month."
       | 
       | Am I missing something? I am sure I'm a bit rusty in math, but I
       | can still handle a calculator. ~720 hours in a month (roughly),
       | and that means CoreWeave would cost $1,720.80 per month, Azure is
       | $2,448 per month, and Google Cloud is $2,642.40 per month.
       | 
       | Why are all of these numbers reported in the article off? Some
       | slightly--Azure and Google Cloud are close, but CoreWeave is off
       | by about 30%. I won't go further into the numbers as to why the
       | author came up with these results, but I'm just wondering if this
       | article was written by AI, which would explain why basic
       | multiplication is incorrect.
        
         | spacebanana7 wrote:
         | Could it be a discount for purchasing an entire month's worth
         | of capacity? Even if so, such costing plans should be explicit
         | in the article
        
         | fancyfredbot wrote:
         | The whole thing is nuts. They have the wrong costs multiplied
         | by the wrong time period to get the wrong answers.
         | https://coreweave.com/gpu-cloud-pricing says an A100 40GB
         | NVLink is $2.06 whereas the article says $2.39.
         | 
         | That's $1483.20 a month, whereas the article says $1200 and
         | should say $1720 if they'd got the maths right.
        
           | programjames wrote:
           | Maybe an LLM helped with the math?
        
         | Onawa wrote:
         | I think your guess of AI generation makes sense for the math
         | discrepancy.
        
           | Thrymr wrote:
           | Wonderful that we have evolved large linear algebra models
           | running on expensive computers to the point that they can no
           | longer do basic arithmetic correctly.
        
         | jmgao wrote:
         | The CoreWeave number is completely wrong, but Azure and Google
         | Cloud appear to be exactly correct at 730 hours per month,
         | which happens to be the number of hours in 365 / 12 days.
        
         | coffeebeqn wrote:
         | Have you ever asked a LLM to calculate costs for you? This is
         | it exactly what it looks like
        
         | umeshunni wrote:
         | My favorite quote about journalists goes something like "Never
         | trust a journalist's math. If they could do math, they wouldn't
         | have become journalists."
        
       | zackangelo wrote:
       | Would like to take a moment to recommend fly.io for GPU
       | workloads.
       | 
       | I've been building a prototype using them for the last couple of
       | weeks and it's been great to use. I didn't have to jump through
       | any hoops or apply for any quota adjustments to get started. And
       | I especially appreciate how easy they make it to automatically
       | scale your GPU instances to zero based on traffic.
        
         | nextworddev wrote:
         | Taking a step back, was it necessary to roll your own LLM (or
         | whatever FM) API as opposed to using an off the shelf API
        
         | indigodaddy wrote:
         | Wow that is quite decent pricing actually. This makes me want
         | to try to deploy something like llamafile/ollama or similar to
         | fly.io+gpu for my personal on-demand llama/llm whims. (@simonw
         | I'm looking at you-- I feel like if you haven't already done
         | this on fly.io, that you're probably thinking about it :) )
         | Seems private enough.. could throw some basic auth on top of it
         | for me and trusted friends/family so I don't get crazy bills.
         | But privacy-wise with fly.io I think it's good enough.
         | 
         | Only problem might be everytime it spins up to download the
         | large model might be wasteful as far as getting charged for
         | network/bw usage-- wonder if it would be more cost-efficient to
         | have persistent storage or just see how much time and bw it is
         | to download on every cold start...
        
           | Palmik wrote:
           | It's horrible horrible pricing! Their on demand price for
           | A100 is what gets you H100 sxm in other places.
        
             | dangrairo wrote:
             | I am curious what "other places" are you comparing it to.
        
               | indigodaddy wrote:
               | Also we'd have to do apples to apples right? One cannot
               | complain about fly.io gpu pricing and then point to say
               | vast.ai or lambda labs as "evidence" of that. They aren't
               | at all the same type of service..
        
           | benwaffle wrote:
           | We've got a one-liner for spinning up your own ollama UI. See
           | https://github.com/fly-apps/ollama-open-webui
        
         | breakingcups wrote:
         | Hn's opinion of Fly seems to fluctuate a lot. First it was an
         | HN darling, especially with all the high-quality blog posts
         | they were putting out, but on the latest threads there's been a
         | lot of complaining about platform stability and features.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | It's funny that "We managed to get our hands on a handful of
       | H100s/A100s" is an actual (and profitable) tech business model
       | right now.
        
       | ptero wrote:
       | It seems to be that a large part of the AWS business model is the
       | revenue received as a fledgling startup tries to grow (and
       | ideally succeeds) into a large company.
       | 
       | As a small tech startup, an easy button for compute needs is
       | perfectly sensible, as it allows focusing on the product. If the
       | startup grows switching becomes more expensive, so AWS gets its
       | money as long as the amounts are not seen as the main cost
       | driver. That stage, I think (with no hard data), is the AWS
       | sweetspot. The company is paying a lot for AWS, but does not yet
       | want to do a full analysis, hire dedicated cloud cost
       | optimization staff and deal with friction of switching.
       | 
       | If the startup grows stable and profitable it will likely do a
       | proper cost analysis and make AWS bills saner, maybe with a mix
       | of on-prem, AWS and non-AWS cloud services. But that requires a
       | stable period, both in time and in functionality, which is not
       | something that an unprofitable startup has.
       | 
       | I think with the end of ZIRP and tighter access to VC funds the
       | number of startups that can afford losing a lot of money to go
       | through an explosive growth period will shrink, and so will the
       | AWS profits.
        
       | ctocoder wrote:
       | https://console.crusoecloud.com/request
       | 
       | They are providing H100s, A100s, L40s for very cheap. They also
       | do not charge for the network usage. I Highly recommend them as
       | the price per flop is unbeatable anyplace, and they have over
       | 4000 gpus to use at a time.
        
       | apitman wrote:
       | > Given hyperscaler dominance of the overall public cloud market,
       | which demands vast investments in infrastructure and range of
       | services that make little or no revenue, challengers like
       | CoreWeave have an opportunity to succeed with a focus on premium
       | AI services without the burden of hypercaler-level investments
       | overall
       | 
       | Interesting. GPU-only providers targeting the AI market only need
       | to implement a fraction of the services that AWS does. They don't
       | even need to be geographically distributed. What does it matter
       | if your GPU cluster is on the other side of the planet?
        
       | ReptileMan wrote:
       | To have cheaper GPUs we need at least four companies to design
       | them and four companies that are able to produce them. Before
       | that you always have cartel like behavior.
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | Maybe on the consumer low end, but on the enterprise level...
         | it'll always be expensive.
        
       | rootedbox wrote:
       | @ Core-weave an A100 40GB NVLink is $2.06 ... the only way they
       | are doing this is by burning investor money. At that price it
       | running it 24/7 it will take way over a year to recoup hardware +
       | electricity cost.
       | 
       | So my suggestion.. dump all your work @ Core-weave.. It's cheaper
       | than buying the hardware yourself let alone the cost of managing
       | it.
        
         | jerrygenser wrote:
         | Does this assume retail price? Maybe they are getting a
         | discount for buying in bulk
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | > the only way they are doing this is by burning investor
         | money... it will take way over a year to recoup hardware
         | 
         | They've been running for years already. They can also offer
         | these lower end gpus at that price cause the higher end ones
         | offset things.
        
       | nextworddev wrote:
       | I have good reasons to believe that all this capex into GPUs will
       | backfire. Metrics aren't looking good for AI adoption, and growth
       | rate is slowing down while inference and training costs are
       | plummeting.
        
       | DrNosferatu wrote:
       | Besides Alibaba Cloud and AWS, are there other FPGA cloud
       | services?
        
         | teitoklien wrote:
         | VMAccel is popular for FPGAs like Xillinx High End FPGAs,
         | Achronix, etc.
         | 
         | https://www.vmaccel.com/solutions
        
       | maxchehab wrote:
       | Both Core Weave & Lambda Labs have fairly predatory pricing
       | making it impossible to rent GPUs without a yearly contract.
       | 
       | This doesn't make sense for training models, where a training run
       | is on the scale of days & weeks.
       | 
       | I wished that the techcrunch article mentioned other companies,
       | like sfcompute, which offer hourly compute instead of yearly
       | contracts.
        
         | thundergolfer wrote:
         | Lambda Labs has on-demand GPUs. Just put in a credit card and
         | you're able to launch. I launched an 1x H100 server just 10
         | minutes ago on Lambda Labs.
         | 
         | The price is also $2.49/hr which does not seem predatory at
         | all.
        
           | matroid wrote:
           | I have never seen 1x H100 available on Lambda Labs. Don't
           | know why though.
        
             | williamstein wrote:
             | I've been checking about twice a week for the last 6
             | months, and they are very rare, but it does happen. I
             | caught one on video 2 weeks ago!
             | https://youtu.be/NkNx6tx3nu0?t=744
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | I don't think it is predatory, I think it just happened over
         | time due to demand. It is a marketplace after all.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40101377
        
         | ec109685 wrote:
         | That would make the TechCrunch article highly misleading since
         | AWS and the other clouds offer big savings for reserved
         | instances.
        
       | dmyriel wrote:
       | Hardware is a vendor lock-in. I can't imagine sinking millions
       | into a massive project and getting stuck with a huge bill.
       | 
       | Then, to migrate away you need all sorts of devops folks and the
       | ability to deal with incompatibilities.
       | 
       | Uncertainty about pricing and the hardware bottleneck is a real
       | problem for our users.
       | 
       | I just raised this point in our blog today.
       | 
       | https://qdrant.tech/blog/are-you-vendor-locked/
        
       | Palmik wrote:
       | I really don't get this. Most of these low cost providers
       | actually re-rent GPUs from Azure, AWS or GCP (*), yet they offer
       | much better on-demand pricing (as low as $3.8/hr for H100 sxm and
       | $2.5/hr for PCIe).
       | 
       | And it's a fact that you can get even much better on-demand (not
       | to mention reserved) pricing from the big clouds if you're a
       | decent startup with connections.
       | 
       | If one of these clouds offered fair pricing to SMBs, it could be
       | a great bottoms up growth strategy.
       | 
       | (*) Not LambdaLabs afaik, but they rarely have on demand capacity
       | anyway, and you can only get reasonable price with 3 year
       | reservation (which is, surprise surprise, more than the hardware
       | cost).
        
         | thundergolfer wrote:
         | It's the opposite of what you say. Slim to none of the
         | alternative cloud providers re-rent their GPUs.
         | 
         | Coreweave, Fluidstack, Lambda Labs, Paperspace, Cudo Compute,
         | Hydra, Datacrunch.io, Vultr, Crusoe Cloud, SF Compute.
         | 
         | As far as I can tell none of these providers give you a GPU
         | originating in Azure, AWS, or GCP.
        
         | claytonjy wrote:
         | The middlemen you're talking about do two things: buy lots of
         | reserved compute on the hyperscalers, and then pit the
         | hyperscalers against eachother to get better pricing.
         | 
         | If you're reserving thousands of GPUs from the same
         | hyperscaler, even if they're the only cloud you run on, you're
         | not paying the price shown in the calculator. If you have other
         | suppliers, you'll get an even better deal. Then you resell that
         | reserved compute as on-demand compute, somewhere between your
         | costs and what your customers would pay a hyperscaler directly.
        
       | edgoode wrote:
       | This is a trend we noticed early last year, so we started
       | building a single console for all these clouds at
       | https://shadeform.ai.
       | 
       | It has been amazing to watch this industry explode, and we
       | believe it is great for consumers. The same instances on Amazon
       | versus these alternative providers are 3x more expensive.
       | 
       | NVIDIA and many hardware providers are leaning into this trend.
       | As clouds become more and more vertically integrated, AMD,
       | NVIDIA, and others will benefit from spreading their hardware to
       | more clouds.
       | 
       | Knowing that these models will not be running in 3 easily
       | controlled clouds may also benefit us in the long run as each
       | provider will have different levels of comfort with models of
       | varying capabilities.
        
         | breakingcups wrote:
         | How does Shadeform make money?
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | If you want a _really_ cheap alternative cloud, look at vast.ai.
       | Not sure you can beat their prices, and they have 4090s and 3090s
       | if you can use those. Something like RunPod might be second place
       | for pricing.
        
       | claytonjy wrote:
       | What are folk's experiences with alternative cloud GPUs for
       | _inference_?
       | 
       | If you're doing a lot of model training, buying GPUs or long-term
       | reservations of GPUs is a no-brainer. But when it comes to
       | inference, latency matters and it gets trickier talking between
       | e.g. your AWS infra and your GPUs somewhere else.
       | 
       | It seems lots of providers can give you enough to get by doing
       | inference in a company's earliest stages. But what if I need
       | hundreds or thousands of A100s during peak usage? Is anyone doing
       | this successfully with a non-hyperscaler?
        
         | htrp wrote:
         | Just go with an inference provider like
         | fireworks/together/modal/baseten
        
           | claytonjy wrote:
           | An issue we've had when looking into some of these is that,
           | they provide a layer of software abstraction we're not
           | looking for. I don't want to use some providers bespoke
           | library to wrap my model code; I just want to use NVIDIA
           | Triton, either by providing an image or by providing a model
           | repo. I only want the inference provider to handle the
           | hardware.
           | 
           | I understand that's exactly what those provider _don't_ want,
           | because it means they can't lock us in. But particularly when
           | comparing an inference provider to GCP, where we already run
           | everything in Triton on GKE, I don't want to rewrite my code
           | just to see what their hardware layer is like.
           | 
           | Another complication is we often run multiple tightly-
           | integrated models for a single application, where having them
           | on the same GPU is critical. This is tricky or impossible in
           | some inference-provider-frameworks.
           | 
           | There's too many options for running the latest LLM, and far
           | fewer for running a bespoke set of fine-tuned models on GPUs.
        
       | bzmrgonz wrote:
       | saw one touting itself to be the airbnb for gpu's
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | That was just a marketplace to resell compute that others are
         | running. A super common practice in the industry.
        
       | la64710 wrote:
       | How are people using these GPU clouds with their data residing in
       | one of the big cloud providers like AWS or Azure? Are they paying
       | for egress to get data onto the GPU clouds?
        
         | htrp wrote:
         | Yes.... you eat the egress cost.
         | 
         | Pretty soon, these specialists will build object storage and
         | all of the other "costs" that the legacy hyperscalers already
         | incur.
        
       | user3939382 wrote:
       | I've been using Wasabi for S3-interface cloud storage. Way
       | cheaper and works great.
        
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