[HN Gopher] Longevity of Recordable CDs, DVDs and Blu-Rays (2020)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Longevity of Recordable CDs, DVDs and Blu-Rays (2020)
        
       Author : zdw
       Score  : 56 points
       Date   : 2024-05-02 16:19 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.canada.ca)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.canada.ca)
        
       | Workaccount2 wrote:
       | Has anyone had an otherwise undamaged DVD fail on them? By now
       | there should be plenty of nearly 25 year old dvds out there that
       | have done nothing but sit in a case on a shelf since 1999.
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | I have two out of hundreds. Both were about 10 years old when
         | they first encountered issues.
        
         | 486sx33 wrote:
         | Commercially produced DVDs don't fail due to age in my
         | experience, but they do get scratched or corroded to the point
         | of being error riddled.
         | 
         | Burnt CD-R and DVD-R definitely had a reduced life. CD-RW even
         | worse
        
         | AnotherGoodName wrote:
         | I've had corrosion. Literal rust spots forming on the metal
         | layer. Similar to how mirrors get that mold/rust growing
         | between the silver layer and glass.
         | 
         | I have not been keeping the DVDs in a controlled environment.
         | They have been in a garage in a high humidity region.
         | 
         | I think you could keep them indefinitely in a humidity
         | controlled environment but for the average user they will
         | corrode just like old mirrors do.
        
         | alamortsubite wrote:
         | We had an early CD burner in our lab at my first job out of
         | grad school. I used to burn CD "mixtapes" for friends with it,
         | a fun novelty in 1995. Recently, I found a couple of these
         | stashed among the many boxes of CDs in my basement. Although
         | they weren't stored in the manner recommended by TFA, they
         | ripped without trouble. It's fun listening to them again after
         | almost 30 years.
        
         | sumtechguy wrote:
         | Search for DVD disc rot on youtube. There are many channels
         | talking about it. There is a chunk of them from 2007-2011 that
         | have a bad rot issue. There is also a chunk of laserdisc that
         | have similar issues from the early 90s. Usually it is the
         | process to make the plastic is done wrong and the layers start
         | to delaminate from each other.
         | 
         | I have also had them come right out of the box and have errors.
         | No visible issues. But the thing just will not read in
         | particular places on the movie.
        
         | drivers99 wrote:
         | I have a DVD of Apollo 13 (from 1998 I believe) that won't play
         | at all for no discernible reason (no coloration, no scratches).
         | That's the only one I've ever had a problem with. Then again, I
         | haven't gone through all my DVDs, well, ever. Maybe something
         | to try when I'm really bored.
        
         | asciimov wrote:
         | Yes, 6 or 7 years ago I went through and digitized my family's
         | dvds and cds (music, movies, data, games)
         | 
         | For factory printed discs, bit rot caused data loss in 8 to 10%
         | of the discs. 2 to 3% were a total loss. Those loses were
         | closer to 20-25% for burnable media.
         | 
         | 90%+ lived a very comfortable life, climate controlled and
         | protected from UV.
        
       | aidenn0 wrote:
       | M-DISC is not mentioned here (manufacturer claimed 1000y+
       | longevity); anyone know anything about that?
        
         | steve1977 wrote:
         | I use them, can report back in 1000 years if you like
        
           | sgt wrote:
           | Are you going to live that long?
        
             | felurx wrote:
             | Neither here or there, but I saw an election poster for a
             | single issue party a while ago that asked "Where do you
             | want to live in 800 years?" (The single issue being
             | lifespan extension through medicine.)
        
       | 486sx33 wrote:
       | It seems cassette (VHS) has had the best longevity
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | In my experience phthalocyanine recordable CDs work much more
         | reliably than VHSs. I don't have any DVD-Rs old enough to make
         | a legitimate comparison.
        
       | miles wrote:
       | Strange that such an article fails to mention M-DISC:
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-DISC
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/DataHoarder/comments/zv1nte/mdisc_i...
       | 
       | https://superuser.com/questions/1106325/are-m-disks-truly-mo...
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/DataHoarder/comments/yu4j1u/psa_ver...
        
         | em500 wrote:
         | Note that the majority of tests and durability claims about
         | M-DISC (particularly about the special recording layer) are
         | about M-DISC DVD-Rs. Although manufacturer likes to conflate
         | them in marketing, it's not clear whether the M-DISC BR-Rs are
         | any different than regular HTL BD-Rs.
        
         | lloydatkinson wrote:
         | Also apparently Verbatim are selling fake M Discs
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/DataHoarder/s/cmxnECtgAv
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | Manufacturer response:                 Verbatim clarified
           | that these discs were advancements. The technical changes
           | resulted in a different appearance and the ability for higher
           | burning speeds, the changed media-ID was due to an adaptation
           | with regard to other Verbatim products. Verbatim had already
           | shipped the first modified media in early 2022. The data
           | security of the new discs is not inferior to that of the old
           | discs: Data should also last 1000 years, according to the
           | manufacturer.
           | 
           | How was the 1000-year lifespan for M-Disc media calculated?
           | If there's a chemical process for simulating centuries of
           | media degradation, then it could be applied to the new
           | Verbatim media to evaluate their longevity claims.
           | 
           | There must be an industry association which licenses the
           | M-Disc trademark and disk identifier? If the Verbatim media
           | is legit, they can be issued a unique, approved disk ID by
           | the M-Disc trademark licensing body.
           | 
           | Edit: list of identifiers, https://blu-raydisc.info/licensee-
           | list/discmanuid-licenseeli...
        
             | grumpyprole wrote:
             | Either the original M-Disc BDR marketing was bullsh*t or
             | this response is. Whichever way it is, it doesn't make
             | Verbatim look good.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | Did Verbatim ever look good?
               | 
               | Afaicr, the writable optical media market has been race-
               | to-the-bottom since ~2000.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | None of my Verbatim discs (at least >20 recently
               | accessed, maybe >200 over the years incl. the ones I have
               | given away) rotted/corrupted after a decade. I don't
               | think they're bad.
        
       | password4321 wrote:
       | Related: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38742585 Optical
       | Media Durability (2020)
       | 
       | > https://blog.dshr.org/2023/08/optical-media-durability-updat...
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | M-DISC on HN:
       | https://hn.algolia.com/?query=m-disc&sort=byDate&type=commen...
       | 
       | My understanding is it was something unique for DVDs (which are
       | no longer manufactured) but not much difference anymore for Blu-
       | ray.
       | 
       | [edit] > https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33593967#33595128
       | _BD-R discs using inorganic dyes are durable enough that the
       | M-Disc branding is likely moot_
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | 300GB https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archival_Disc per
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39165981#39170038
        
         | steve1977 wrote:
         | There are BD-XL (100 GB) M-DISCs. I use them as a backup for
         | family pictures.
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | I haven't heard a conversation about the archival implications of
       | these constraints in a good long time.
       | 
       | It used to be a somewhat common topic. The failure mode is not
       | having enough hardware for copying from medium A to medium B,
       | such that the bandwidth of the system means that by the time you
       | try to copy the last archive to the new media, either the old
       | media has decayed or you've already started copying to a new
       | generation of storage because the oldest records in the new
       | medium is already decaying.
       | 
       | And each generation there's more to copy, soaking up the
       | improvements in read or write time.
        
         | password4321 wrote:
         | Today's personal offline backup is a new max-TB external HD
         | every Black Friday/Cyber Monday!
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | True, but I was thinking more archivist and professional
           | librarian.
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | My dad always bought the cheapest DVD-Rs (the "free with rebate"
       | specials they they would have at Best Buy and CompUSA in
       | 2003-2007) to put home movies and we're definitely seeing disc
       | rot issues now when trying to back up the videos and plop them on
       | a Jellyfin server. Fortunately, my dad was kind of a nut about
       | burning a bunch of copies of DVDs (he lost a big paper in
       | graduate school in the 80's because he hadn't backed up the
       | document he was working on because of a floppy corruption I
       | think), so everything is redundant across like five discs, and I
       | don't think we've actually lost any footage.
       | 
       | Neither my dad nor I knew how writable media like that worked at
       | the time, and I think we both assumed that, assuming they didn't
       | get scratched, they would last forever. Obviously we were wrong.
        
         | kevstev wrote:
         | | Neither my dad nor I knew how writable media like that worked
         | at the time, and I think we both assumed that, assuming they
         | didn't get scratched, they would last forever. Obviously we
         | were wrong.
         | 
         | I am surprised at this, as the CD age highlighted the
         | importance of quality media. At one point you would actually
         | mentally allocate 2-3 cds for any thing you would want to burn
         | to account for frequent issues. Kodak Golds became the bar for
         | quality, I think I still have a bunch of unused ones on a
         | spindle in a box somewhere.
         | 
         | Interestingly enough, I still have a whole lot of burned and
         | unburned CDs, but don't actually have a reader for them these
         | days. It wasn't even something I was aware of, my desktops gave
         | way to laptops, and new ones didn't include an optical media
         | drive, and now I just don't have a cd/dvd reader.
        
           | tombert wrote:
           | I mean, honestly, I don't think either my dad nor I did _any_
           | research on the quality of the DVDs we were buying. I think,
           | for whatever reason, we just assumed that there wasn 't a
           | fundamental difference between the cheap and expensive stuff.
           | Obviously we _should_ have researched it more if we were
           | using it for preservation.
           | 
           | I keep a USB blu-ray drive around because I like to have rips
           | of my physical media, and it seems to read CDs just fine.
           | None of my computers have a CD drive built in anymore.
        
             | ics wrote:
             | At the time I (and my dad) were buying CD-R and DVD-R for
             | storing/backing up home media, we still had dial-up
             | internet. "Research" was precious time on the phone line
             | and while I am one to indulge in an excursion down the
             | presumably gratuitous information rabbit hole on many
             | topics, the archival-ness of burned discs never occurred to
             | me. It must have been a discussion on it here on HN, many
             | years after the last time I used disc drive for burning,
             | that I realized it was something worth thinking about.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | That's a valid reason; sadly I don't have it. My family
               | was the first that I knew of (personally) to get cable
               | internet, we had it in some capacity since 1999, so our
               | internet was fast and unlimited. We should have done a
               | Google search.
               | 
               | Still, I don't feel like we came to the conclusion of CDs
               | being archive-grade on our own, someone probably told us
               | that a "CD will last forever" and we just never
               | questioned it.
        
               | ics wrote:
               | Coming from floppy disks which were always a fridge (or
               | file cabinet) magnet away from total destruction it made
               | sense. I didn't know that anything after vinyl LPs were
               | pressed so burned with a laser just sounded much more
               | permanent than bit-flipped-by-magnet. Meaning, faster
               | internet wouldn't have made me any more likely to
               | question this stuff but made it easier if by chance I
               | came across some advice to do so. Anyway it's 2024 and my
               | dad still has floppies (working) _and_ cable internet,
               | but the world still turns  'round I guess.
        
       | teeray wrote:
       | Is there some way to use CDs / DVDs / Blu-Rays as an incremental
       | backup target? It'd be nice to take something like Restic, aim it
       | at some hot backup HDD, then when enough deltas have been written
       | to that volume have it burn a disk. It would be great if the
       | entire experience is "if the drive is open, take the disk out,
       | label it (according to some scheme), shelve it, and drop a new
       | blank disk in".
        
         | ulchar wrote:
         | sounds like a fun project for someone. you could go so far as
         | to direct the user to the proper location on a shelf.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | When a 32Gb USB stick is $3, why are you thinking about a 1Gb
         | CD?
        
           | TacticalCoder wrote:
           | > When a 32Gb USB stick is $3, why are you thinking about a
           | 1Gb CD?
           | 
           | I've got data CDs from 1998 still reading fine. There are CDs
           | and DVDs listed in TFA as having 50 to 100 years of
           | longevity.
           | 
           | How's that 32 GB stick going to do in 50 years if left
           | untouched from now till then?
           | 
           | I've never heard about USB sticks for long term archiving.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | Copy them forward every years. You can fit 32 CDs on a $3
             | USB stick. $3/year sounds like a trivial amount of money
             | for anyone.
             | 
             | > There are CDs and DVDs listed in TFA as having 50 to 100
             | years of longevity.
             | 
             | Nobody has ever tested that.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | I just added HDD back into my mix of personal backups.
       | 
       | I was relying almost entirely on SSD and USB flash drives, and
       | then I read how temperature-sensitive an SSD might be when left
       | unpowered on the shelf: https://www.anandtech.com/show/9248/the-
       | truth-about-ssd-data...
       | 
       | I've used DVD+R DL for backups in the past, but it was painfully
       | slow and coaster-prone, even if I tried to use blanks from a
       | particular factory of a particular brand that was said to be more
       | reliable. Also, not enough capacity anymore.
       | 
       | M-Disc BD has the drawback of being Blu-ray, which seems to have
       | gratuitously obnoxious things about it that I don't want to deal
       | with on Linux.
        
         | Dalewyn wrote:
         | As the old saying goes for backups:
         | 
         | At least 3 copies.
         | 
         | At least 2 different media types.
         | 
         | At least 1 copy off site.
         | 
         | SSDs and flash drives are both NAND flash (albeit of
         | significantly different qualities), so that violates #2.
         | 
         | As for me? I backup onto a local NAS (1 copy) and forget about
         | it (1 media type [HDD], 0 off site). Why? Because
         | impracticality is a fucking hard mistress, that's why. At least
         | I have more than 0 copies, unlike most people.
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > M-Disc BD has the drawback of being Blu-ray, which seems to
         | have gratuitously obnoxious things about it that I don't want
         | to deal with on Linux.
         | 
         | I don't have one yet (still burning DVDs) but what'd be the
         | obnoxious things to deal with when burning Blu-ray discs on
         | Linux compared to burning DVDs?
        
       | bookofjoe wrote:
       | This makes me wonder how the recordings on the Voyager 1 & 2
       | spacecraft [https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/golden-record/whats-on-
       | the-reco...] will sound if they're ever heard.
        
       | pabloarteel wrote:
       | I wonder how vinyl records compare to CDs in terms of durability
       | and longevity, ignoring capacity and practicality. Any insights?
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | I have vinyl records going back to the 1920s, and they're just
         | fine.
        
         | shuntress wrote:
         | Capacity and Practicality _are_ the major difference. If you do
         | ignore those though, vinyl is a _much better_ long-term data
         | storage solution than CD.
         | 
         | A quick internet search suggest that a regular 12" record
         | should have a capacity of around ~10-20MB. That is just enough
         | to store one regular JPG photo.
         | 
         | There seem to be print shops that will press records for you at
         | the cost of around ~$100/copy (minimum run 100 copies).
         | 
         | So to back up my ~1,000-ish photos per year I just need a
         | climate controlled warehouse and 99 friend-with-warehouses to
         | distribute backups too!
        
       | shuntress wrote:
       | Consumer-grade Project Silica please save me from this long-term
       | storage hellscape.
        
       | jakedata wrote:
       | I purchased spindles of archival grade CD-R and DVD-R disks for
       | family media archives back around 20 years ago. They were
       | expensive but worthwhile so far.
       | 
       | The reel-to-reel tapes I was transcribing were literally falling
       | apart as they played one last time. Others suffered from the
       | hydroscopic substrate that made them twist and curl. I didn't
       | know about tape baking back then.
       | 
       | I have a media capture kit that includes 4mm and 8mm video, VHS,
       | reel-to-reel and a bunch of adapters. I pipe all the video into a
       | DVD recorder and also an HDMI to USB adapter so I can capture
       | everything twice with one play.
        
       | jakedata wrote:
       | It is extremely important to not apply sticky labels to the back
       | side of optical disks. The actual medium is just under the top
       | surface and can be pulled up by aging adhesive. Similarly, be
       | extremely careful writing on disks using permanent marker. Some
       | solvents can also damage the backing.
        
       | TacticalCoder wrote:
       | > DVD-R (gold metal layer) 50 to 100 years
       | 
       | These are the only DVDs listed with such a long life. I don't
       | care about RW. Anyone know a brand/model of such DVDs I can still
       | buy today?
       | 
       | (and, yup, I'm one of those still burning DVDs with important
       | data on it and, no, I don't have that much important data and,
       | no, I don't backup _only_ on DVDs)
       | 
       | P.S: speaking of which it's a major PITA but most PC cases
       | brand/models do not offer anymore a slot for a DVD reader/burner.
       | I really dig my "Be Quiet!" tower (Pure Base 500 / military/beige
       | color) but there's no 5"1/4 slot to put a DVD reader in there. It
       | pisses me off so much I may re-assemble my modern PC in an old
       | case : (
        
         | bayindirh wrote:
         | I have never lost data from well cared TDK and Verbatim disks.
         | TDK even had scratch-proof hardened DVDs. For extremely
         | important data, I'd burn three copies enhanced with dvdisaster
         | error correction data.
         | 
         | I recently moved these disks to a distributed/backed up storage
         | system since I'm low on physical space. All disks read at full
         | speed with no hiccups.
         | 
         | Another alternative is M-Discs if you can find them.
        
       | y04nn wrote:
       | For real archival of large amount of data, LTO tapes are your
       | best bet I think.
        
       | password4321 wrote:
       | Any recommendations for software tools and/or techniques to
       | recover data from damaged discs?
       | 
       | I've frozen a floppy disk for one last successful read before.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-05-02 23:02 UTC)