[HN Gopher] RISC-V support in Android just got a big setback
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       RISC-V support in Android just got a big setback
        
       Author : ammo1662
       Score  : 86 points
       Date   : 2024-04-30 02:45 UTC (20 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.androidauthority.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.androidauthority.com)
        
       | fidotron wrote:
       | The quote in there mentions "rate of iteration", which given the
       | noise Qualcomm were making makes me speculate Qualcomm are
       | planning on forking RISCV to be more arm64ish and Google would
       | not want to be maintaining both that and vanilla RISCV in this
       | until the dust settles. It is something like that or they really
       | are removing it.
        
         | themiddleupper wrote:
         | I suspected it was not good news for RISC V when Qualcomm got
         | involved. They are going to split the RISC V ecosystem.
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | > They are going to split the RISC V ecosystem.
           | 
           | Part of the DNA of RISC-V is to provide a basis from which a
           | million flowers can bloom. Instead of homebrewing, you can
           | reuse RISC-V and make tweaks as you need... if you really do
           | need a custom variant. Think of it as English, a common
           | substratum from which there are lots of mostly interoperable
           | dialects. This is what happened with Unix.
           | 
           | Now if we want a mainstream consumer then we will need a
           | dominant strain or two. The RISC-V foundation is doing that
           | with the RVA23 profiles etc, but if there is a few major ones
           | that should be navigable. Linux had support for PC-98[1]
           | which was a Japanese alternate x86 platform.
           | 
           | The changes I've seen proposed by Qualcomm don't seem
           | drastically different [2], and could be incorporated in the
           | same binaries with sniffing the supported features. The
           | semantics are what are important, and it's not different
           | there at all. Could be supported with trap and emulate
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-98 [2]
           | https://lists.riscv.org/g/tech-
           | profiles/attachment/332/0/cod...
        
             | Tuna-Fish wrote:
             | The code size reduction instructions are an extension that
             | will go through and will eventually be supported by
             | everyone, and is not the bone of contention here. They are
             | designed to be "brown-field" instructions, that is, fit
             | into the unimplemented holes in the current spec.
             | 
             | The reason the spec is going to split is not them, but the
             | fact that Qualcomm also wants to remove the C extension,
             | and put something else in the encoding space it frees.
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | Hmm, that seems like a mistake because C allows for
               | instruction compression with low cost to decode that is
               | perfect for embedded use which is a big part of the
               | RISC-V usage now.
               | 
               | That said, if they implemented C, and then had their
               | replacement toggleable with a CSR that would still be
               | backwards (albeit not forwards) compatible so that'd only
               | be an issue if Qualcomm RISC-V binaries become dominant,
               | but I don't think binaries are gonna be that dominant
               | outside of firmware going forward, and any that are will
               | be from vendors that will multi-target.
        
               | phkahler wrote:
               | >> Hmm, that seems like a mistake because C allows for
               | instruction compression with low cost to decode that is
               | perfect for embedded use which is a big part of the
               | RISC-V usage now.
               | 
               | It may be low cost to decode a compressed instruction,
               | but having them means regular 32-bit instructions can
               | cross cache lines and page boundaries.
               | 
               | My own thought is that there should be a "next" version
               | or RISC-VI that is mostly assembler-level compatible but
               | changes all the instruction encodings to be more sane.
               | What that means exactly is still a bit fuzzy, but I am a
               | fan of immediate data being stored after the opcode.
        
               | __s wrote:
               | yes, was curious why compression format didn't require
               | 
               | 1. non compressed instructions are always 4 byte aligned
               | (pad a 2 byte NOP if necessary, or use uncompressed 4
               | byte instruction to fix sizing)
               | 
               | 2. jump targets are always 4 byte aligned (which exists
               | without C, but C relaxes)
               | 
               | This avoids cache line issues & avoids jumps landing
               | inside an instruction. Can consider each 2 compressed
               | instructions as a single 4 byte instruction
               | 
               | Bit redundant to encode C prefix twice, so there's room
               | to make use of that (take up less encoding space at least
               | by having prefix be 2x as long), but not important
        
               | fwsgonzo wrote:
               | I completely agree. Not that everything has to be
               | relaxed, but at least the things that made it impossible
               | to decode RISC-V when C is enabled. The amount of code
               | needed to detect when and how instructions are laid out
               | is much larger than it should be.
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | That is a trade-off towards density that seems not worth
               | it where all it would take is a 16 bit NOP to pad and a
               | few more bytes of memory to save on transistors of
               | implementation.
               | 
               | Maybe they did the actual math and figured it's still
               | cheaper? Might be worth it.
        
               | __s wrote:
               | SiFive slides: https://s3-us-
               | west-1.amazonaws.com/groupsioattachments/10389...
               | 
               | Their argument is that since eventually there'll be 8
               | byte instructions, those will have the same cache line
               | issues (tho that could be addressed by requiring 8 byte
               | instructions be 8 byte aligned)
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | Check your link? It isn't working for me.
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | > My own thought is that there should be a "next" version
               | or RISC-VI that is mostly assembler-level compatible but
               | changes all the instruction encodings to be more sane.
               | 
               | I feel like that is really a case of Chesterton's fence.
               | It was done by people who litterally wrote the book on
               | processor design (David Patterson, author of "Computer
               | Architecture: A Quantitative Approach", "The Case for
               | RISC", "A Case for RAID", ). I have heard a talk with the
               | rationale behind where bits are placed to simplify low-
               | end implementations.
               | 
               | > What that means exactly is still a bit fuzzy, but I am
               | a fan of immediate data being stored after the opcode.
               | 
               | As a hobbyist, I get it... but except for when you are
               | reading binary dumps directly, which happens so rarely
               | these days, when is that ever relevant? That is just OCD.
               | I think of this video when I get the same itch and
               | temptation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPcIrNnsruc
               | 
               | Also, let's not forget that RISC-V is already a thing
               | with millions of embedded units already shipped.
        
               | panick21_ wrote:
               | C is good for high performance instruction sets to. Funny
               | how every company that starts with green field RISC-V
               | doesn't ever mention it as a problem. And yet the one
               | company who wants to leverage their ARM investment thinks
               | its a huge problem that will literally break the
               | currently established standard.
        
           | Tuna-Fish wrote:
           | The solution to this is not to split, but just follow
           | Qualcomm. Their vision for the future of the ISA is simply
           | much better than SiFive's.
           | 
           | Right now, most devices on the market do not support the C
           | extension, and any code that tries to be compatible does not
           | use it. Qualcomm wants to remove it because it is actively
           | harmful for fast implementations, and burns 75% of the entire
           | encoding space, which is already extremely tight. SiFive
           | really wants to keep it. The solution to fragmentation is to
           | just disable the C extension everywhere, but SiFive doesn't
           | want to hear that.
        
             | camel-cdr wrote:
             | > most devices on the market do not support the C extension
             | 
             | Name one that doesn't, it's exactly the opposite (for
             | 64-bit).
        
               | GeorgeTirebiter wrote:
               | Maybe you've found the solution: RV32 must have the C
               | extension.
               | 
               | RV64 and RV128 must NOT have the C extension.
               | 
               | Problem solved?
        
               | camel-cdr wrote:
               | No I meant, that for 64-bit CPUs virtually every
               | available one supports the C extension.
        
             | sitkack wrote:
             | > Right now, most devices on the market do not support the
             | C extension
             | 
             | This is not true and easily verifiable.
             | 
             | The C extension is defacto required, the only cores that
             | don't support it are special purpose soft cores.
             | 
             | C extension in the smallest IP available core
             | https://github.com/olofk/serv?tab=readme-ov-file
             | 
             | Supports M and C extensions
             | https://github.com/YosysHQ/picorv32
             | 
             | Another sized optimized core with C extension support
             | https://github.com/lowrisc/ibex
             | 
             | C extension in the 10 cent microcontroller https://www.wch-
             | ic.com/products/CH32V003.html
             | 
             | This one should get your goat, it implements as _much_ as
             | it can using _only_ compressed instructions
             | https://github.com/gsmecher/minimax
        
               | FullyFunctional wrote:
               | The expansion of a 16-bit C insn to 32-bit isn't the
               | problem. That part is trivial. The problem (and it is
               | significant) is for a highly speculative superscalar
               | machine that fetches 16+ instructions at a time but
               | cannot tell the boundary of instructions until they are
               | all decoded. Sure, it can be done, but that doesn't mean
               | that it doesn't cost you in mispredict penalties (AKA
               | IPC) and design/verification complexities that could have
               | gone to performance.
               | 
               | It is also true that burning up the encoding space for C
               | means pain elsewhere. Example: branch and jump offsets
               | are painfully small. So small that all non-toy code need
               | to use a two instruction sequence to all call (and
               | sometimes more).
               | 
               | These problems don't show up on embedded processors and
               | workloads. They matter for high performance.
        
             | panick21_ wrote:
             | > Right now, most devices on the market do not support the
             | C extension
             | 
             | That's outright false.
             | 
             | And outside of the actual devices, the whole software
             | ecosystem very much uses the C extension.
             | 
             | Qualcomm simply wants to break the standard to make money,
             | that literally all it is.
             | 
             | > Qualcomm wants to remove it because it is actively
             | harmful for fast implementations
             | 
             | Funny how not a single company other then Qualcomm argues
             | this. Not Ventara, not Si-Five, not Esperanto, not
             | Tenstorrent, non of the companies form China.
             | 
             | Its almost, almost as if it not that big of a deal and
             | Qualcomm simply want to same money and reuse ARM IP.
             | 
             | > The solution to fragmentation is to just disable the C
             | extension everywhere, but SiFive doesn't want to hear that.
             | 
             | Literally nobody except Qualcomm wants to hear it. It
             | wasn't even a discussion before Qualcomm. All the other
             | companies had plenty of opportunity to bring up issues in
             | all the working groups, and nobody did. Literally not a
             | single company gave a talk, talking about how the C
             | extension was holding them back. In fact most of them were
             | saying the opposite.
        
               | FullyFunctional wrote:
               | There is a lot of stuff behind the scene you don't know.
               | You statement about "other companies" is completely
               | wrong.
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | > to be more arm64ish
         | 
         | I have a hard time picturing what this means. There's so much
         | flexibility in implementing a core; what would they want to
         | change in the ISA to make them like it better in a non-
         | negligible way?
        
           | fidotron wrote:
           | Prior discussion includes
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37996820
        
           | Tuna-Fish wrote:
           | Mainly, richer addressing modes.
           | 
           | SiFive designed RISC-V to have braindead-level simple
           | addressing modes, with the idea that you use 2-4 normal alu
           | ops to do addressing instead of a single op with a more
           | complicated addressing mode. Then, to reduce the horrible
           | impact this has on code size, they introduced the C extension
           | that burns 75% of the encoding space of 32-bit instructions
           | on 16-bit instructions, but this is still only a bandaid and
           | a much weaker solution than having better addressing modes in
           | the first place.
        
             | camel-cdr wrote:
             | It's not as black and white as you portray it.
             | 
             | Both sides of the argument agree that high-performance
             | implementations are doable and not hindered much buy both,
             | you can watch the debate in the profiles SIG zoom meetings.
             | 
             | I think the real dispute was how the opcode space and code
             | density will evolve when more and more extension will need
             | to be added. Will more 32 opcode space and aligned 64 bit
             | instructions but no 16 and no 48 bit instructions in the
             | longterm be a better choice than fewer 32 bit instructions,
             | but 16/48/64 bit instructions?
             | 
             | Qualcomm is also currently involved in the Combined
             | Instructions SIG, and proposed a few instructions in that
             | vain: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dQYU7QQ-
             | SnIoXp9vVvVj....
             | 
             | Notice that these are currently very mild combined
             | instructions, like BEQI, or CLO, which are unlikely to be
             | cracked into uops compared to more complex addressing modes
             | (e.g. apple silicon needs to crack pre/post increment
             | load/stores).
             | 
             | BTW, this article is actually about removing Qualcomm
             | specific stuff from android, see:
             | https://lists.riscv.org/g/sig-
             | android/topic/105816077#msg389
        
             | dzaima wrote:
             | RISC-V already has an extension for simplifying address
             | calculations, Zba, required for RVA23, for doing x*2+y,
             | x*4+y, and x*8+y in a single instruction
             | (sh1add/sh2add/sh3add; these don't have compressed
             | variants, so always 4 bytes). Combined with the immediate
             | offset in load/store instructions, that's two instructions
             | (6 or 8 bytes depending on whether the load/store can be
             | compressed) for any x86 mov (when the immediate offset fits
             | in 12 bits, at least; compressed load/store has a 5-bit
             | unsigned immediate, multiplied by width).
             | 
             | Also, SiFive didn't design this - in 2011 there's already
             | "Given the code size and energy savings of a compressed
             | format, we wanted to build in support for a compressed
             | format to the base ISA rather than adding this as an
             | afterthought" in the manual[0], while SiFive was founded on
             | 2015.
             | 
             | [0]: https://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2011/EECS
             | -2011-...
        
       | justinclift wrote:
       | Wonder if this is due to US gov pressure, with the aim to slow
       | the growth of chip making in China?
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | Being quick to jump to conspiracy theories means you'll have
         | trouble being taken seriously when something real happens. I'd
         | go with the most parsimonious explanation: Google doesn't have
         | plans to ship anything soon and isn't going to commit to
         | supporting an entire platform they don't need.
         | 
         | Especially given their slash-and-burn management culture, I
         | wouldn't read anything more into it than nobody at Google
         | thinking that they're going to be promoted for working on that.
         | I am curious whether we'll see Qualcomm or someone else step up
         | to do the work.
        
           | Dylan16807 wrote:
           | Is the idea of government pressure automatically a conspiracy
           | theory?
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | In the absence of any evidence or even a sensible motive,
             | what is it? There's no reason to think Google's stated
             | reason isn't true, and as an attempt to obstruct China it
             | would be rather pointless to go after something they have
             | almost no deployed usage of which is starting behind things
             | they do use.
        
             | stusmall wrote:
             | It is their guess at what is happening without proof. That
             | is the definition of a theory. It is about two entities
             | secretly working together to do something harmful. That's a
             | conspiracy.
             | 
             | So... I mean... yeah. The comment is a perfect example a
             | conspiracy theory. Both in literal textbook definition and
             | the broader cultural understanding of the term.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Two entities, not publicly, very minor harm from reduced
               | competition, you could say the same thing about a huge
               | fraction of discussions between two companies.
               | 
               | Government pressure isn't some big deal, it happens all
               | the time.
               | 
               | For the broader cultural understanding, it needs to be
               | something where making it public wouldn't be extremely
               | boring.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | GP did not "jump to conspiracy theories." They asked a
           | reasonable question. I would agree that it doesn't pass
           | Occam's Razor, but there has been plenty of talk from US gov
           | about concerns over China passing the US, and with ARM
           | specifically. There was even an article about it on HN not
           | too long ago. Furthermore the US gov has been putting a _ton_
           | of pressure on big tech companies to get them to do things
           | without formal laws or regulation.
           | 
           | I hate when people jump to conspiracy theories with a
           | passion, but I'm also beginning to hate when people overly
           | dismiss reasonable theories as "conspiracy theories." It's
           | important that we don't expand the definition of conspiracy
           | theory to a meaningless height. This is what happened with
           | the "Lab Leak" theory of Covid, which only served to "prove"
           | the conspiracy theorists right and was and has been a major
           | setback for people who want to call out conspiracy theories
           | for what they are. If we expand the definition to include
           | theories that are reasonable, then "conspiracy theory" ceases
           | to be meaningful and we now lack a word that we really need,
           | considering humans are prone to conspiracy thinking and it
           | needs to be called out when it happens.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | They did jump to a conspiracy theory: there's no evidence
             | that Google's stated reason is hiding an ulterior motive,
             | and as a way to hinder China it'd have very little impact
             | since Chinese companies aren't dependent on it.
             | 
             | This is not the place to relitigate the lab leak mess but I
             | will note that the conspiracy theorists were continually in
             | a state of wrongness. They contributed nothing but noise
             | because they were starting with the conclusion and
             | confabulating as needed to support it. You can and should
             | expect people to back claims up with logic and evidence.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | > as a way to hinder China it'd have very little impact
               | since Chinese companies aren't dependent on it
               | 
               | Have you missed the whole "China developing RISC-V as an
               | alternative path forward" thing then?
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Not all, it just doesn't work as a conspiracy theory.
               | 
               | China is currently using x86, ARM, MIPS (Loong arch) at
               | scale. If RISC-V makes sense for them, they can use it
               | with Linux now. Now, think about what happens if the
               | hypothetical men in black manage to keep Google from
               | supporting it. China has an enormous tech sector, so if
               | it's economically viable to use RISC-V for phones or
               | tablets they can pay a couple of developers to support
               | RISC-V in an Android fork, which is going to be popular
               | if RISC-V is working for anyone else in the world, and
               | their domestic market alone is large enough to support
               | it. If that doesn't make sense, they'll continue using
               | the same ARM devices they're currently using because the
               | men in black can't tell anyone to stop using that
               | platform.
               | 
               | Given how many US companies are looking into RISC-V, it's
               | also hard to see a ban being sustainable. If RISC-V
               | starts to become competitive, American companies are not
               | going to tolerate being shut out. If it doesn't, being
               | shut out won't harm China.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | You calling them "men in black" doesn't make this more of
               | a conspiracy, it just makes you look silly. Call them "US
               | Senators"[1] or "US lawmakers"[2]. It's a lot more
               | descriptive, though admittedly it does make your
               | assertion that this is a "conspiracy theory" sound pretty
               | weak...
               | 
               | Also, you saying that China could reimplement RISC-V
               | support in Android is a completely different discussion.
               | That's a discussion about how _effective_ the US
               | government actions would be, not whether they were doing
               | anything (which you want to call a conspiracy theory
               | despite there being plenty of evidence that this is
               | happening). You might find this article[3] and this
               | discussion of it [4] interesting, or you might just think
               | the entire thread is full of conspiracy theorists.
               | 
               | At a certain point though, the person calling people
               | "conspiracy theorists" actually becomes the conspiracy
               | theorist. It's not about rhetorical tricks like saying
               | "men in black", it's about evidence.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-china-tech-war-
               | risc-v-...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-lawmakers-
               | press-biden-...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.bunniestudios.com/blog/2023/regarding-
               | proposed-u...
               | 
               | [4] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38163412
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | > You calling them "men in black" doesn't make this more
               | of a conspiracy, it just makes you look silly. Call them
               | "US Senators"[1] or "US lawmakers"[2].
               | 
               | If you read those links, notice how this is all happening
               | officially in public? That's why I referred to the
               | conspiracy theory as such because we are left to believe
               | that there's some well-concealed shadow operation
               | duplicating those efforts despite it being a poor return
               | on their investment.
               | 
               | Similarly, reading your latter two links would help you
               | understand why it wouldn't be effective. Andrew makes the
               | case well that even the official measures being discussed
               | would not impede China, and the conspiracy theory would
               | be even weaker.
        
           | janice1999 wrote:
           | OP did not openly endorse flat earth or suggest lizard people
           | run the world. Speculation about tech that is at the center
           | of geo-political tensions is bound to happen and it's only
           | natural to question if government pressure is at play.
           | 
           | The US has already enacted GPU bans and investigated and
           | killed technology transfer deals. The US Commerce Department
           | just this month is "working to review potential risks and
           | assess whether there are appropriate actions under Commerce
           | authorities that could effectively address any potential
           | concerns" with regards to RISC_V. [1] That's the same
           | department that pressured AMD to lower performance on China
           | products before refusing to gran them an export license.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.theregister.com/2024/04/24/us_commerce_china_
           | ris...
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | What makes something a conspiracy theory is that it ignores
             | simple explanations in favor of something untestable and
             | perfectly concealed. In this case we have a very simple
             | explanation which is highly parsimonious - Google doesn't
             | see a business benefit yet from committing support - but
             | we're being asked to believe that instead the men in black
             | visited Google to sabotage China by ... not supporting an
             | architecture which China doesn't depend on and could easily
             | support on their own if they did?
             | 
             | Your reference to other actions undercuts your argument:
             | when the US government has acted in the past, it has
             | generally done so officially - not the CIA subverting
             | Crypto-AG, but Commerce using market pressure openly. I
             | wouldn't say it's impossible that they could act behind the
             | scenes but if they were competent enough to do that so
             | quietly I'd expect them to pick a higher impact target.
        
         | peppermint_gum wrote:
         | I don't understand why anyone would see dropping RISC-V support
         | as a move against China. Chinese companies have their fingers
         | in a lot of pies.
         | 
         | They're mainly invested in the ARM ecosystem, companies such as
         | Allwinner, HiSilicon, Rockchip and UNISOC are very successful
         | in this market. They also make x86 CPUs (Zhaoxin) and have
         | developed their own domestic MIPS-derived architecture
         | (LoongArch).
        
       | RetroTechie wrote:
       | Reads like a typical "will be released when it's ready, but it's
       | not ready".
       | 
       | Or providing a (single) generic kernel for RISC-V is impractical,
       | so support for that is removed until another approach is figured
       | out? Just speculating here.
       | 
       | But Android-on-RISC-V is pretty much unavoidable at this point.
       | Google-blessed or otherwise. If Google won't do it (article does
       | _not_ suggest that?), the open source community will. Or the
       | Chinese. Or some other deep-pocketed corp interested in pushing
       | this ahead.
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | Does it? They say the risc-v support "is discontinued", which
         | seems to imply something much stronger than what you say.
        
           | camel-cdr wrote:
           | The article says:
           | 
           | > Android will continue to support RISC-V. Due to the rapid
           | rate of iteration, we are not ready to provide a single
           | supported image for all vendors. This particular series of
           | patches removes RISC-V support from the Android Generic
           | Kernel Image (GKI).
           | 
           | There is some more context in the android SIG:
           | https://lists.riscv.org/g/sig-android/topic/105816077#msg389
        
         | tadfisher wrote:
         | The question is, which RISC-V? You're providing a single kernel
         | for phone-like things, so probably RV64I as a base. MAFD is
         | pretty much required for running a Java VM. Q, no. C, are you
         | shipping for Si-Five or Qualcomm? J/T/P/V would be useful, but
         | does the kernel need it? H is needed for Android phones these
         | days but not watches. S, no idea.
         | 
         | The explanation makes sense to me; let the dust settle and have
         | real hardware shipping before defining the base feature set in
         | a generic kernel image.
        
           | mperham wrote:
           | The sheer number of RISC-V extensions and the resulting
           | fragmentation is blowing my mind. No wonder they can't
           | provide a single generic kernel.
        
             | tadfisher wrote:
             | There are baseline profiles, like RV23A, that standardize a
             | set of extensions for a class of hardware. Problem right
             | now is that Qualcomm and Si-Five disagree on what
             | extensions should be supported, and there is hardware
             | shipping or in development with two different definitions.
        
               | panick21_ wrote:
               | Literally everybody agrees except Qualcomm who want to
               | basically no participate, come in on the side and make it
               | quasi propitiatory.
        
               | GeorgeTirebiter wrote:
               | Couldn't Google (who after all does Android) simply
               | declare that the 'official' RV64 is IMAFD (aka 'G')
               | CJQTVPBHLNSUX ? (or whatever makes sense, given the
               | android roadmap).
               | https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/risc-v/standard_extensions
               | 
               | And if they did this, this would prove why Android's
               | parent company is called Alphabet!
        
               | panick21_ wrote:
               | There is a standard profile called 'RVA22' and 'RVA23'
               | after that. If you watch the presentations from google on
               | this, they will almost certainty target one of those two
               | standards, very likely RVA23, specially if its now
               | delayed.
               | 
               | Android could also define its own profile, but there
               | probably wont be a reason for why they would need to do
               | this.
        
             | yau8edq12i wrote:
             | It's really not that bad when you consider that RISC-V is
             | built to be used in anything from a tiny mcu to a large
             | server cpu. Compare with the set of extensions to x64, too.
        
             | panick21_ wrote:
             | It hasn't actually resulted in that much fragmentation.
             | Android will target the standard profile, they have already
             | announced that. There are standard profiles that pretty
             | much get used by everybody that is trying to make something
             | that runs generic software.
             | 
             | If you have some one of consumer electronic device that
             | runs one specific software, you might not follow a profile,
             | but even then most will follow a specific profile.
        
         | h0l0cube wrote:
         | > But Android-on-RISC-V is pretty much unavoidable at this
         | point.
         | 
         | I'm curious to know what happens to the significant portion of
         | apps that rely on the NDK? Might there be some possible
         | emulation layer like Rosetta 2 like with Apple Silicon?
        
       | ponow wrote:
       | Supporting extra architectures isn't free, and cost matters in an
       | era when devs are getting laid off in numbers.
        
       | not_your_vase wrote:
       | Tangentially related to RISC-V current events: just a few weeks
       | ago came some news[0], that the RISC-V community doesn't consider
       | the support of Yocto project to be too important, and they don't
       | want to support it anymore... (which was quite interesting,
       | considering that RISC-V supposed to be big wannabe embedded
       | competitor).
       | 
       | [0]: https://lists.yoctoproject.org/g/yocto/message/62906
        
         | smashed wrote:
         | > We received some disappointing feedback from a key
         | organization in the RISC-V ecosystem that the Yocto Project was
         | not important and not worth funding. We will take this feedback
         | into account.
         | 
         | That's a bummer. But the core Risc-V support should be
         | contributed straight to the Linux kernel/u-boot/gcc/glibc
         | anyway I guess. Then board makers, not chip makers, should
         | contribute/provide yocto support, based on that foundational
         | work.
         | 
         | Not sure which key organization they are referring too though.
        
       | 1attice wrote:
       | I see a lot of comments on whether this is motivated by
       | geopolitics -- an attempt to deal a setback to China.
       | 
       | I have no way of knowing whether this is the case, but in
       | general, I would suggest that this is at least plausible, and, if
       | I am right in this, we need to have an existential conversation
       | about what happens to Open Source in a global warfare scenario.
       | (cf https://www.noahpinion.blog/p/americans-are-still-not-
       | worrie...)
       | 
       | High-risk-low-liklihood scenarios are a fact of life, and we get
       | used to dismissing them as the cost of doing business. But when
       | those same habitual reflexes get used to dismiss scenarios that
       | are now of moderate liklihood, we collectively make mistakes that
       | are hard to recover from. Such mistakes are especially likely
       | when (a) contextualizing an additional piece of information, such
       | as a seemingly-unrelated product cancelation, or (b) making plans
       | for the future (either personally, or for a project, company, or
       | industry.)
       | 
       | It's time to at least _have a conversation_ about what open
       | source looks like under present global conditions, and that
       | conversation needs to foreground the _exceptionality_ of the past
       | thirty years of relatively peaceful relations between great
       | powers.
       | 
       | Nobody wants to have this conversation, not because it's scary,
       | but because of significant social pressure we all experience to
       | discount the liklihood of unpleasant futures. But here we are.
       | 
       | What does trust look like in Open Source in 2030? How should we
       | model threats? How do we ensure that as many people as possible
       | can contribute to projects, while at the same time minimizing the
       | risk of another xz?
       | 
       | A spookier question: _can_ we?
        
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