[HN Gopher] The Internet Archive's last-ditch effort to save itself
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Internet Archive's last-ditch effort to save itself
        
       Author : rbanffy
       Score  : 336 points
       Date   : 2024-04-29 17:04 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (lunduke.locals.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (lunduke.locals.com)
        
       | LeoPanthera wrote:
       | The "National Emergency Library" was obviously a huge mistake,
       | and I'm surprised that IA continues to defend it. The problem is,
       | their online book lending is far from the most important part of
       | the Internet Archive, and by continuing to fight for it, they
       | risk losing everything, including the entire rest of the archive
       | which seems to me to be far more important.
       | 
       | The Internet Archive has become the de-facto default location to
       | upload anything rare, important, or valuable, and a terrifyingly
       | large amount of history would suddenly blink from existence if it
       | were brought down.
        
         | ideamotor wrote:
         | Well said
        
         | idle_zealot wrote:
         | While I agree that the book lending is only a small portion of
         | the value provided by the IA, it makes sense that they're
         | making a stand here. Losing this battle would establish
         | precedent that format-shifting legally aquired copies of media
         | is not protected under fair use, which would be disastrous to
         | preservation efforts of all kinds going forward.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | I think they're intentionally tying it all together because
           | they _know_ that the  "emergency library" was a heap of shit
           | (you can't argue you can digitally lend _the same document_
           | multiple times simultaneously, it makes no sense).
           | 
           | They're basically holding the Internet Archive hostage to try
           | to force this thing through.
        
           | jprete wrote:
           | I think it's a serious mistake that they allowed unlimited
           | borrowers at a time, because that shifts from fair-use format
           | shifting to effectively making multiple copies of the format-
           | shifted document.
           | 
           | That said, IANAL and I don't know what actual legal
           | conclusions were arrived at from the trial or appeals.
        
           | LeoPanthera wrote:
           | This has nothing to do with format shifting at all. The IA's
           | normal book-lending service works that way, but the
           | "emergency library" allowed more copies of a book to be
           | "borrowed" than they actually physically owned.
           | 
           | This is straight-up piracy, and there's a 0% chance of it
           | being legally justified.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | This might kill the Internet Archive as a legal entity in
             | the US if the outcome is particularly unfavorable, but
             | LibGen, Scihub, Z-Library, Anna's Archive etc aren't going
             | away.
             | 
             | > This is straight-up piracy, and there's a 0% chance of it
             | being legally justified.
             | 
             | Agree to disagree. Copyright has worn out its welcome when
             | it is locking up culture for life + 70 years at a time [1]
             | [2]. The Internet Archive _could_ archive and maintain
             | these works in cold storage (both physical and digital),
             | only to make them public again 100-200 years from now, but
             | that would not be keeping with  "Universal Access to All
             | Knowledge." Disk and bandwidth is cheap, and the planet is
             | big.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.copyright.gov/history/copyright-
             | exhibit/lifecycl...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.princeton.edu/news/2003/02/21/lessig-were-
             | copyri...
             | 
             | (no affiliation, but a fan and a supporter, and believe in
             | defending public goods)
        
               | forgetfreeman wrote:
               | It may indeed kill the project and it's a tragic example
               | of play stupid games win stupid prizes. There have been
               | enough decades of lost lawsuits now that any thinking
               | person ought to know better than to go sticking a fork in
               | the outlet that is distributing copyrighted materials.
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | I think you've forgotten what 2020 was like. Libraries
               | were closed. Schools were closed. Book stores were
               | closed. Shipping was majorly slowed. Basically all public
               | services were inaccessible to most people. Now imagine
               | you're the kind of person who who founds and runs The
               | Internet Archive for 25 years, not just another HN
               | commenter bored at work. You're sitting in front of the
               | button to help millions of people regain access to
               | something the pandemic took away from them. Do you push
               | the button, or do you cower away because some rich prick
               | might sue you later?
               | 
               | I don't think the IA exists without the kind of person
               | who pushes that button.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | If it turns out to have been a suicide button, then what
               | the the IA needed most was the kind of person who would
               | not have pushed that button.
        
               | forgetfreeman wrote:
               | I don't actually care what 2020 was like because it isn't
               | germane. No new legislation was passed meaningfully
               | altering copyright law during that timeframe so this is
               | absolutely a case of fuck around and find out, regardless
               | of the optics.
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | Well, I expect that rigid respect for the law is why you
               | didn't start the Internet Archive, and also why you
               | weren't in a position to help millions of people during
               | one of the biggest social upheavals in the last century
               | :)
        
               | forgetfreeman wrote:
               | The law is the law. I don't have to respect it to grasp
               | the concept of cause and effect. There wouldn't be much
               | to talk about here if there wasn't a contingent whinging
               | and ringing their hands as if any aspect of this
               | situation was surprising or novel. Broadcast copyrighted
               | material online without the benefits of significant opsec
               | and you will get dragged in court, period. Hell it didn't
               | take the recording industry 12 months to get a lock on
               | Napster. Y'all need to quit playing like there's a victim
               | here.
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | Yes, I think we are in agreement. If the law were
               | respected, then the IA, the Wayback Machine, Abandonware
               | Archive, and all of the benefits we get from them would
               | not exist. It sounds like you think the law should be
               | respected, so you think it's good for the IA to be
               | destroyed by this lawsuit. Yes?
        
               | __d wrote:
               | I think it's terrible that the Internet Archive is very
               | likely destroyed, or at best, we have to donate a large
               | sum of money to pay off Hachette.
               | 
               | But I think it was reckless to engage in uncontrolled
               | ebook lending. Controlled lending (one copy lent for one
               | copy on the shelf) is not a legal right (in the US), but
               | it's got a much better chance of avoiding a lawsuit.
               | 
               | Uncontrolled lending was foolish. It was inviting a
               | lawsuit, and it has far less chance of popular support
               | than the intuitively more reasonable model of controlled
               | lending.
               | 
               | I agree with the sentiment behind the NEL program: it's a
               | lovely gesture. But to invite destruction of the Archive
               | like that was a terrible mistake, in my view.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | What was wrong with all the works that are in the public
               | domain?
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Seriously, I don't understand how people can defend
               | copyright at this point. Maybe at the beginning it was
               | implemented properly. Maybe in theory it's a great idea.
               | But - surprise, surprise! - it's been broken by
               | corporations. Life + 70 years? gtfo.
        
               | _DeadFred_ wrote:
               | Because people like the results of copyright, IE access
               | to large amounts of resources including books, music,
               | movies, and software that would not exist if there were
               | not protections to ensure that the creators received
               | compensation for their works.
        
               | realusername wrote:
               | For recent or popular work maybe that kind of works yeah,
               | for everything else though... I challenge you to find
               | legally even early 2000s less popular movies or books,
               | let alone older work.
               | 
               | The current copyright system is pretty terrible at
               | keeping track of older content and the few ones that
               | still manage to make it through have questionable rights
               | holders.
        
               | neaden wrote:
               | Yeah it's pretty easy. I just went to a list of movies
               | from 2001 by box office, number 100 was actually a cult
               | classic now so skip that and I see the Tailor of Panama
               | which is a less popular movie, steaming on Amazon
               | https://www.amazon.com/Tailor-Panama-Pierce-
               | Brosnan/dp/B000X... and i can get a copy on DVD with
               | interlibrary loan. The Shogun miniseries from the 1980s
               | has some renewed interest since the new version and it's
               | not streaming, but you can purchase a DVD on a bunch of
               | places and once again, I can get it through my library.
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | Also worth mentioning that free licenses like Creative
               | Commons, MIT, and FOSS licenses like GPL are also all
               | copyright schemes, as unintuitive as that might seem.
               | 
               | The removal of all copyright also means the removal of
               | licenses that mandate free sharing and access. Two-way
               | street, in other words.
        
               | monetus wrote:
               | You could replace the license with a "contract" in the
               | terms and agreements section to achieve the same effect?
               | Contract law would apply, so I have no idea.
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | Those liscenses, the GPL in particular, use copyright to
               | fight copyright. The alternative to copyright is not
               | necessarily a total free-for-all, you could legislate a
               | replacement that works like the (A)GPL or CC BY(-SA).
               | Require attribution and share-alike without restricting
               | usage or distribution.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | I reject your hypothesis that nothing would exist if
               | copyright didn't exist.
               | 
               | I wonder how humanity managed for so long without it, if
               | that were the case. Or did we just not produce art or
               | culture until we established copyright as we know it
               | today?
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Copyright has (for better or worse) co-evolved with the
               | technical ability to create effectively infinite copies
               | of works, so I don't think we have any empirical data to
               | prove or disprove this.
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | Right, we have no evidence that copyright helps promote
               | the creation and distribution of arts, culture, or
               | technology, and yet we restrict peoples' freedom to
               | proliferate culture and art in the defense of it.
        
               | jl6 wrote:
               | Without copyright we would probably make mostly low-
               | cost/small-scale art, of the type that can be achieved by
               | a single person, and probably would not make big
               | expensive collaborative projects like $100m+ blockbuster
               | movies which are hard to bring into existence without a
               | strong profit motive.
        
               | k12sosse wrote:
               | thank god. what was the last $100m+ movie you watched
               | that you thought, wow, what a great piece of
               | entertainment and/or art?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | One can agree that 70+ years is way too long without
               | disagreeing with the basic principle of copyright.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | I don't necessarily disagree with the basic principle of
               | copyright. I just am unconvinced it's an attainable long-
               | term goal. It seems to me that copyright in a capitalist
               | society is bound to end up like this.
        
               | Zambyte wrote:
               | That's true, but I actually disagree with the basic
               | principle of copyright. I don't think that telling people
               | they can't engage in certain creative acts encourages
               | people to engage in creative acts.
        
               | lofenfew wrote:
               | >Agree to disagree.
               | 
               | >Copyright has worn out its welcome when it is locking up
               | culture for life + 70 years at a time [1] [2].
               | 
               | This isn't a "disagreement" with the GP. Piracy is a
               | legal concept, and they were speaking in legal terms.
               | Whether or not copyright has "worn out its welcome", it
               | continues to be a legal reality in the US.
               | 
               | >LibGen, Scihub, Z-Library, Anna's Archive etc aren't
               | going away.
               | 
               | Then why should internet archive, which fills a number of
               | niches that aren't just book or document piracy, be
               | killed off?
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | When one has the means and opportunity, unjust laws
               | should be challenged. One should also have a plan if they
               | fail.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | > When one has the means and opportunity, unjust laws
               | should be challenged.
               | 
               | Sure, but do they? They're a nonprofit, and as such
               | depend on donations. Their donors might or might not be
               | aligned on these two relatively orthogonal issues.
               | 
               | I'm even sympathetic of their desire to challenge the
               | quite absurd status quo of controlled digital lending,
               | with bizarre skeuomorphisms such as simulating "books
               | wearing out" after a couple of lending cycles, while at
               | the same time being more restricted than physical books
               | (even though I don't necessarily agree with their means
               | of challenging it).
               | 
               | But even for me, I think the risk is too big, and I'd
               | feel much more comfortable with a different (maybe
               | related/affiliated, but ultimately separated as legal
               | entities) non-profit organization for each concern.
        
               | Cheer2171 wrote:
               | Except the IA did not establish the NEL as an act of
               | civil disobedience or call for changes to the unjust
               | existing copyright laws when they did it. They instead
               | told themselves and their patrons that there was a
               | "national emergency" exception to copyright law, when no
               | such exception existed. Should one have existed? Of
               | course. But it did not at the time. The IA continued to
               | assert that the NEL was legal within existing copyright
               | law, not that it was a principled act of civil
               | disobedience against an unjust law. They were trying to
               | Jedi mind trick a "national emergency" exception to
               | existing copyright law into existence.
               | 
               | If you want to challenge an unjust law in a democracy,
               | you can work within the system to change it, or you can
               | engage in civil disobedience, publicly accept the
               | consequences, and put your freedom on the line as a way
               | to bring popular attention to the unjust law. That is the
               | mechanism of civil disobedience against unjust laws. The
               | whole point is that you must risk something in order to
               | go around the system and challenge an unjust law.
               | Everyone in America has at least one law they consider to
               | be unjust, including some laws that I'm sure you believe
               | are very just and would be very upset if others started
               | to violate them in the name of justice.
               | 
               | Birmingham banned Martin Luther King, Jr. from
               | participating in public protests and a Circuit court
               | judge signed off on it. When MLK said he would protest
               | anyway, the whole point of the civil disobedience was
               | that MLK would be arrested for it. He was right that the
               | public was outraged at the enforcement of this unjust
               | legal order and called for change. What the IA did was
               | like if MLK put on a mask to go protest, and when the
               | police tried to arrest him, he said that he wasn't MLK.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | A global pandemic is a national emergency (I'm unsure how
               | this cannot be argued considering the efforts both the US
               | government and the Federal Reserve engaged in). The
               | Internet Archive is at risk because of their actions,
               | which can be argued to be in good faith during
               | extraordinary times based on the events that occurred at
               | that time [1]. You may not agree with regards to intent
               | and the definition of good faith, but that is for the
               | judicial process to resolve. If the Internet Archive
               | legal entity is forced to dissolve, are legal
               | participants on the other side of the civil suit prepared
               | for the fallout from such an outcome (the "public
               | outrage" you mention)?
               | 
               | I would argue the NEL is an example of fair use when the
               | entire world is locked down [2] [3] [4], but I'm not the
               | one who is defending the case. You're upset they are
               | seeking a favorable interpretation of law through the
               | judicial process. That isn't a Jedi mind trick, and to
               | call it as such is silly ("The fair use right is a
               | general exception that applies to all different kinds of
               | uses with all types of works. In the U.S., fair use
               | right/exception is based on a flexible proportionality
               | test that examines the purpose of the use, the amount
               | used, and the impact on the market of the original
               | work.").
               | 
               | Power concedes nothing without a demand. Better to ask
               | for forgiveness than permission.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.cdc.gov/museum/timeline/covid19.html
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use
               | 
               | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use#Internet_publi
               | cation
               | 
               | [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use#Policy_argumen
               | ts_abou...
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | To say nothing of the fully legal digital services (and
               | physical checkouts with inter-library loans) that many
               | public libraries in the US and I assume elsewhere offer.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | The services they cannot afford?
               | 
               | https://apnews.com/article/libraries-ebooks-publishers-
               | expen... ("Libraries struggle to afford the demand for
               | e-books and seek new state laws in fight with
               | publishers")
               | 
               | Consider the title above in the context of this post. It
               | is libraries against publishers.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | That may be but it exists today for the most part. And
               | librarians at research libraries were grumbling at
               | licensing costs for digital a couple decades ago. Not
               | they were happy with physical subscriptions either.
        
               | runeofdoom wrote:
               | > _Whether or not copyright has "worn out its welcome",
               | it continues to be a legal reality in the US._
               | 
               | Unless you're a billion-dollar corporation who needs to
               | feed your LLM.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | I don't believe in copyright at all, even in principle.
               | The closest I can get is that it should be within the
               | power of the state to grant temporary monopolies on
               | things that it wants to encourage. But there is a basic
               | conflict between freedom of expression and the fact that
               | expressions can be copyrighted.
               | 
               | However, the idea that IA is going to defeat a copyright
               | industry worth hundreds of billions of dollars is
               | laughable. If you're going to fork between government
               | choosing to end copyright and government choosing to end
               | the IA, the IA is 100% dead.
               | 
               | Characterizing people who don't want the IA to risk all
               | against copyright as copyright-supporters is not fair at
               | all. It's like calling people Assadists who didn't want
               | to invade Syria.
        
             | ranger_danger wrote:
             | > straight-up piracy
             | 
             | Have you seen the other 97% of the archive?
        
             | cbolton wrote:
             | Given the nebulous nature of "fair use" it seems quite
             | excessive to say there is a 0% chance of it being legally
             | justified.
        
             | pgalvin wrote:
             | The lawsuit is not limited to a ruling against the
             | unlimited lending, but any lending whatsoever (even
             | 1-to-1).
        
             | allturtles wrote:
             | The emergency library was the _trigger_ for the lawsuit,
             | but the lawsuit contends that even controlled digital
             | lending is illegal.
             | 
             | There seems to be continued confusion on this basic issue
             | of what is at stake in the lawsuit.
             | 
             | > The court fully rejected the Internet Archive's argument
             | that fair use protected its digital lending program.
             | Notably, it did not limit its analysis to the National
             | Emergency Library. Instead, the court rejected fair use as
             | it applies to controlled digital lending in general. [0]
             | 
             | [0]: https://www.library.upenn.edu/news/hachette-v-
             | internet-archi...
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | If the IA is a single point of failure, better we learn that
         | _now_ instead of later.
        
           | ggjkvcxddd wrote:
           | That doesn't make sense. Of course it's a "single point of
           | failure". I don't think anyone could have ever thought
           | otherwise. A competing archive service would undoubtedly be
           | great for humanity.
        
             | vgkjfhwebfk wrote:
             | https://archive.ph/
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | This one is even more frightening, as it's (as far as I
               | know) a one-man show that could disappear at any time.
        
               | vgkjfhwebfk wrote:
               | Yes, it could, but IA, which - up to now - looked more
               | professional and reliable could, too. And, unexpectedly,
               | that's what's happening now.
               | 
               | Maybe archive.ph will also surprise us, by being more
               | resilient.
               | 
               | Anyway, it's an alternative, for now.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | This is NOT anywhere near what the IA provides.
        
               | vgkjfhwebfk wrote:
               | Yes, it's an alternative, not a copy. For example, it
               | doesn't provide "emergency library" style borrowing, and
               | maybe this missing feature is a pro, not a con.
        
               | lima wrote:
               | It archives a much smaller part of the internet, it't not
               | an IA replacement.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | On the other hand, it's doing something similarly dubious
               | with paywalled news articles in that it bypasses many
               | news sites' paywalls and supposedly injects its own ads
               | next to the content.
               | 
               | There are even many comment threads detailing their
               | strategy to avoid legal takedown requests by serving
               | content via an "anti-CDN" (i.e. always serving content
               | from abroad whenever possible, to make legal actions more
               | difficult).
        
               | denton-scratch wrote:
               | I tried to hit archive.is, archive.ph and archive.org
               | yesterday. They were all down, and archive.is seems to
               | still be down.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Any chance you're using Cloudflare DNS (directly or via
               | e.g. iCloud Private Relay)? The people (person?) running
               | archive have a somewhat complicated history with them.
        
               | denton-scratch wrote:
               | Not using Cloudflare DNS, I use my own recursive
               | resolver. And by "archive", I assume you mean
               | archive.org; archive.is and archive.ph are different
               | people.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | No, I meant .is, .today etc; archive.org does not do
               | weird DNS things to my knowledge.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | I think people don't really stop to consider - the Internet
             | Archive could be gone tomorrow; either through legal
             | action, malice, accident, mismanagement of the non-profit,
             | etc. It's just considered "an Internet tool that exists".
             | 
             | I would argue that their attempt to even _try_ this
             | emergency library thing indicates that the people in charge
             | are a bit too cavalier with what they have, for whatever
             | (likely well-intentioned) reasons they may have.
             | 
             | And while individuals can mirror/datahoard the publicly
             | facing parts of the IA, that's not all they have access
             | too.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | So, we need a distributed planet-size, multi-redundant,
               | partly-encrypted, archive that can absorb and host the
               | entirety of IA multiple times (for redundancy), INCLUDING
               | the borrowing library.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Yes. If you have the pockets and logistics behind you,
               | I'm sure Brewster would invite you for lunch to discuss.
               | You'll need people for infra ops, people to coordinate
               | hosting racks across the globe (preferably on every
               | reasonable continent), and whatever the current cost is
               | of a few exabytes of cost efficient storage hardware.
        
               | afc wrote:
               | This comment reminded me of famous quote: "When someone
               | says "I want a programming language in which I need only
               | say what I wish done," give him a lollipop."
        
               | jazzyjackson wrote:
               | "why build one when you can have two at twice the price"
               | 
               | they have a duplicate headquarters in Vancouver now, a
               | similarly grand building to their SF headquarters. Years
               | ago there was a collab with the library of Alexandria in
               | Egypt to host an offsite backup but I don't think it
               | panned out.
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | > A competing archive service would undoubtedly be great
             | for humanity.
             | 
             | There was supposed to be a second archive at the
             | Bibelotheque Alexandrina in Egypt.[1] It worked for a few
             | years. But it seems to be down now.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.bibalex.org/en/Project/Details?DocumentID=2
             | 83&Ke...
             | 
             | [2] http://web.archive.bibalex.org/
        
         | ranger_danger wrote:
         | My problem with the "rest of the archive" is that it's arguably
         | 98% unchecked mass piracy that their own people seem to be ok
         | with, in the form of "we're not copyright police, so just
         | upload whatever you want and let companies deal with it later."
         | which is exactly what Jason Scott has said.
        
           | hackernudes wrote:
           | Could it be that the alternative is losing stuff forever?
        
             | leotravis10 wrote:
             | Sadly, yes. It's more of a reason why you should download
             | the stuff you want and need before it's too late:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39908676
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yes. If there is something you think you might personally
               | want in the future and you can download it today you
               | probably should. But it's probably not terabytes.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | The vast bulk of content is lost forever and given how much
             | is created I'm not even sure that's a bad thing. And if
             | literally everything were magically siphoned up I'm also
             | not sure that's a good thing.
        
           | idle_zealot wrote:
           | Of course it is piracy. This coloring of "bad" piracy with
           | "good" things like libraries and preservation is an important
           | step in dispelling the broadly pro-copyright culture we live
           | in. It draws a clear picture of what copyright robs us of by
           | presenting a case were violating it has a sense of moral
           | righteousness.
        
         | leotravis10 wrote:
         | > The Internet Archive has become the de-facto default location
         | to upload anything rare, important, or valuable, and a
         | terrifyingly large amount of history would suddenly blink from
         | existence if it were brought down.
         | 
         | Here's the related discussion: _Stop using the Internet Archive
         | as the sole host for preservation projects_ | 87 points by
         | yours truly | 27 days ago | 27 comments
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39908676
        
         | coldpie wrote:
         | You are directing your ire at the wrong party. Hachette has
         | nothing to gain from continuing to pursue this lawsuit, the
         | only possible outcome (as you correctly state) is the world
         | becomes a worse place. The behavior they object to has already
         | stopped, and they've got a judgment to prevent it happening
         | again. Hachette could drop enforcement of the judgment, both
         | parties can dismiss the appeal, and no one loses anything.
         | 
         | Hachette's owners see an opportunity here to destroy a public
         | good, and they are taking it. Hachette are the bad actors
         | trying to destroy what you find valuable, not the IA.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | > Hachette has nothing to gain from continuing to pursue this
           | lawsuit ...
           | 
           | They're probably just making sure that the next place that
           | wants to pull something funny, doesn't.
           | 
           | Ye old "lets make an example out of them" thing.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | >Hachette has nothing to gain from continuing to pursue this
           | lawsuit
           | 
           | They do: Legal precedent.
           | 
           | IA made themselves into an easy, prominent target by doing
           | something everyone else agreed to not do via Gentlemens'
           | Agreements(tm) and precedents set by lesser transgressions,
           | so now they're reaping what they sowed.
           | 
           | The book publishers stand to gain legal precedent that doing
           | what IA did can and will result in legal consequences severe
           | enough to ruin you.
        
           | sangnoir wrote:
           | > You are directing your ire at the wrong party. Hachette has
           | nothing to gain from continuing to pursue this lawsuit, the
           | only possible outcome (as you correctly state) is the world
           | becomes a worse place.
           | 
           | Hachette obviously benefits from teaching would-be unlimited
           | "lenders" a lesson. Even anti-DRM, "buy my books only if you
           | can afford" authors were against this hare-brained lending
           | scheme because the IA didn't even bother to buy a single copy
           | of the books they were "lending".
           | 
           | The blame squarely falls at the IA's feet; being an idealist
           | doesn't give you the rights to delve into illegal behavior,
           | regardless of the righteousness of your cause or the depth of
           | your conviction. If the world is better with an org in it,
           | and it jeopardizes it's own ability to remain a going
           | concern, it's clear to me who is culpable. "Too good to die"
           | doesn't exist.
        
             | cess11 wrote:
             | You don't consider it to be a right to revolt against
             | tyranny?
        
               | WoodenChair wrote:
               | > You don't consider it to be a right to revolt against
               | tyranny?
               | 
               | Do you think not being able to download all the free
               | stuff you want is tyranny?
               | 
               | "Tyranny" is defined as a "cruel and oppressive
               | government or rule."
               | 
               | How are you being oppressed and/or treated cruelly?
               | 
               | You can think copyright terms are too long without the
               | hyperbole.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | I mean 'The Right to Read' sets up a story environment
               | where Copyright/IP _is_ a form of tyranny. I view any
               | form of overly broad copyright as a form of government
               | enforced tyranny itself. This can be anywhere from terms
               | that last lifetimes. The lack of counter enforcement
               | against actors bring false claims. And allowing very
               | generic /simple systems to be copyrighted thereby
               | enacting massive rent seeking behavior across most of the
               | population.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | This is not a case of misuse of copyright. Books are
               | copyrighted so authors can exist.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Authors have no trouble existing without copyright _at
               | all_ , let alone some weaker version of copyright.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, vanishingly few authors make a living at it,
               | and not a lot more make beer money. It's a pursuit that
               | _barely_ pays as it is, yet many books are written.
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | > being an idealist doesn't give you the rights to delve
             | into illegal behavior
             | 
             | Just to be clear, it is your position that the IA's Wayback
             | Machine and abandonware archives should also not exist,
             | right?
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | > Just to be clear, it is your position that the IA's
               | Wayback Machine and abandonware archives should also not
               | exist, right?
               | 
               | No, I fully support these missions. Both have defensible
               | fair use protections and do not try to break new legal
               | ground with flimsy justifications. I wish the IA were
               | little more aggressive about not retroactively applying
               | robots.txt rules on archived content.
               | 
               | It's hard to reconcile how overly careful they are with
               | the Wayback Machine compared to the carelessness of
               | unlimited lending. I am livid they risked their priceless
               | archives for _book piracy_ - that 's not a great hill to
               | die on.
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | > It's hard to reconcile how overly careful they are with
               | the Wayback Machine compared to the carelessness of
               | unlimited lending
               | 
               | Indeed. It's maybe worth reflecting on the apparent
               | conflict there. What info are you missing, that could
               | explain the conflict? The IA folks aren't crazy, but they
               | are opinionated and willing to take action where others
               | might not, and the world was in a very crazy state at the
               | time the decision was made. Consider some sympathy for
               | the people leading the project you feel so passionately
               | about.
        
               | vineyardmike wrote:
               | But they could issue a mea culpa, and move on. Admit
               | defeat, pay a token fine or settlement, and keep their
               | donations to preserve the rest of their archive. Why
               | don't they cut out the rot, to preserve the rest of the
               | archives. I know they had a mission, or some goal, or
               | whatever, but it failed - it failed a long time ago.
               | 
               | It can be right or wrong, i don't know. I want
               | organizations to fight the battles that gain us new
               | rights and freedoms. I know that they have a lot to lose
               | here though, and they shouldn't risk it.
               | 
               | Concretely, I was a big individual donor to the IA _until
               | this lawsuit_. I support their mission, I love their
               | work, I help (technically and financially) other
               | organizations like local museums and non-profits handle
               | their archival work. This is something important to me,
               | and I really want their archives to persist.
               | 
               | I stopped donating to the IA - and won't resume - until
               | this lawsuit is resolved. I don't want to donate to the
               | book publishers, and it looks that's going to be the
               | outcome of their entire funds.
        
               | Phiwise_ wrote:
               | >It's hard to reconcile how overly careful they are with
               | the Wayback Machine compared to the carelessness of
               | unlimited lending.
               | 
               | Is it really? The cynical side of me wonders if it just
               | might be intentional. What if this is a nonprofit
               | analogue to VC monetization? Do you dislike an existing
               | law? Create a similar but legal service you know other
               | people will appreciate, use donations to undercut
               | competitors and become the defacto monopoly, ride the
               | network effect to a large crowd that basically relies on
               | you, then rugpull by tying their narrow, legal use to
               | your crusade for a different legal system by infecting
               | their data with illegal material and declaring the whole
               | thing must sink or swim together. Now your users have to
               | pay you to fight your policy crusade or they lose their
               | already legal resource they value much more, and you can
               | use your legal half as a moral shield to get approval
               | from anyone who only had the time to read the headline
               | when the prosecution inevitably shows up at your door.
               | All you need yo hold the almost-grift together is to lie
               | by omission about who instigated it all.
        
               | mananaysiempre wrote:
               | Book piracy or not, IA seems to be the only source for
               | many programming books from the 2000s. (Everyone's go-to
               | pirate library has a much less comprehensive collection
               | of those.)
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | It's a fair point. Most of what the IA does is probably
               | technically copyright violation but I'd argue there's a
               | qualitative difference between making copies of public
               | websites, software that publishers have abandoned, and
               | other things in that vein--especially given they
               | historically bent over backwards to stop sharing
               | copyrighted material if someone got upset-- and sharing
               | digitized copyrighted books Willy-nilly given there was
               | already precedent that you just can't do that.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | As I understand it, they're pretty good about taking your
               | site out if you ask them to. That's not quite the letter
               | of the law on copyright, and potentially leaves them open
               | to lawsuits, but few web site publishers are really going
               | to pursue them once they've taken the material down.
               | 
               | If they'd applied that same level to the books, they
               | might have avoided this mess.
        
             | farts_mckensy wrote:
             | Stupid laws that hurt society shouldn't be defended, and
             | those that defend such laws simply because "it's the law"
             | are not worthy of being taken seriously.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | If the law were stupid, I'd expect a more robust argument
               | about how it's stupid in the IA's appeal. They are not
               | arguing that.
               | 
               | I have plenty of issues with copyright law as it's
               | currently written and wholeheartedly support copyright
               | reform. That's very different from any one party
               | unilaterally suspending copyright "because of COVID"
        
             | hibernator149 wrote:
             | > The blame squarely falls at the IA's feet; being an
             | idealist doesn't give you the rights to delve into illegal
             | behavior
             | 
             | This way of thinking is the reason why we are losing so
             | many great things. Laws are created by people to support a
             | society we want to live in. When laws no longer sever the
             | society, then the society must rise up and change them.
             | Like with any bug, fixing it early is cheaper than fixing
             | it later.
             | 
             | > it's clear to me who is culpable
             | 
             | "Look what you made me do. If you hadn't acted up I
             | wouldn't have had to destroy you."
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | I don't want to live in a society where authors don't get
               | paid, so the laws are just fine.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | And it is pretty clear who would be first to exploit
               | system where authors don't have copy rights. That is
               | Amazon to start with followed by all other big companies
               | who can effectively distribute the works.
        
               | phone8675309 wrote:
               | The vast, VAST majority of money that an author makes is
               | from their advance. It is exceedingly rare for a book to
               | sell even enough to cover that advance, and even rarer
               | for it to have sales strong enough that the author sees
               | meaningful, life changing residuals.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And why should I even offer you an advance if I'm not
               | going to make any money off your book. Heck, why should I
               | invest any money in editing your book for that matter.
               | 
               | I'm not sure it's exceedingly rare for an author to not
               | make some beer money on top of single dollar advances but
               | it's not a full-time job for many authors. It mostly
               | works to support the day job or as a hobby.
               | 
               | But many authors might as well self-publish today. I
               | mostly have.
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | >> I don't want to live in a society where authors don't
               | get paid, so the laws are just fine.
               | 
               | > The vast, VAST majority of money that an author makes
               | is from their advance. It is exceedingly rare for a book
               | to sell even enough to cover that advance, and even rarer
               | for it to have sales strong enough that the author sees
               | meaningful, life changing residuals.
               | 
               | This is how author advances would work in a world without
               | copyright: authors would self-publish their books, and
               | there would be no advances. If the book proved to be
               | popular and successful, all the major distribution
               | platforms would "pirate" it and pay them nothing. No
               | conceivable DRM would save the author's income, because
               | the platforms can afford to pay people to manually key in
               | the work.
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | >> The blame squarely falls at the IA's feet; being an
               | idealist doesn't give you the rights to delve into
               | illegal behavior
               | 
               | > This way of thinking is the reason why we are losing so
               | many great things. Laws are created by people to support
               | a society we want to live in. When laws no longer sever
               | the society, then the society must rise up and change
               | them. Like with any bug, fixing it early is cheaper than
               | fixing it later.
               | 
               | Let me put it bluntly: the IA went about pursuing that
               | change in stupid and impulsive way, and their actions may
               | very well accomplish _nothing_ while _causing_ us to lose
               | _more_ "great things."
               | 
               | "I'm going to pretend the laws I don't like don't exist
               | in order to try to change them," is an activity for
               | people with little other responsibility and little to
               | lose.
               | 
               | In hindsight, if the IA wanted to try something like the
               | "National Emergency Library," they should have set up an
               | independent entity to take the fall and contain the
               | damage if it didn't work out. And since they didn't do
               | that, they should probably have tried _really_ hard to
               | settle and fight another day than go down in a blaze of
               | glory.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | It's perfectly possible to think Hachette is being cruel and
           | doing harm and _also_ think IA has acted stupidly and /or
           | recklessly.
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | Yeah, this is largely my position, with an added dose of
             | understanding (2020 was a weird year; many mistakes were
             | made by many people). But Hachette & Co. are the ones
             | acting with intent to harm _now_ so I think they deserve
             | the ire now.
        
           | gojomo wrote:
           | Everything you allege here is misinformed as to the current
           | state of the lawsuit and stakes.
           | 
           | You demonize Hachette et al (4 major publishers) as seeking
           | to destroy a public good. In fact, they've already settled
           | with the IA, as of last August 2023, in a manner that caps
           | costs to IA at a survivable level and sets clear mutually-
           | acceptable rules for future activity.
           | 
           | You imply IA would dismiss the appeal if the plaintiffs
           | "could drop enforcement of the judgement". In fact, there
           | were never any assessed damages, the parties have already
           | reached a mutually-acceptable settlement per above, and
           | despite that - in fact, as part of the settlement! - the IA
           | has retained the right to appeal regarding the fair-use
           | principles that are important to them.
           | 
           | Per https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hachette_v._Internet_Archiv
           | e#F...
           | 
           |  _> On August 11, 2023, the parties reached a negotiated
           | judgment. The agreement prescribes a permanent injunction
           | against the Internet Archive preventing it from distributing
           | the plaintiffs' books, except those for which no e-book is
           | currently available,[3] as well as an undisclosed payment to
           | the plaintiffs.[25][26] The agreement also preserves the
           | right for the Internet Archive to appeal the previous
           | ruling.[25][26]_
           | 
           | IA's August 2023 statement on how much will continue despite
           | the injunction & settlement limits:
           | https://blog.archive.org/2023/08/17/what-the-hachette-v-
           | inte...
           | 
           |  _> Because this case was limited to our book lending
           | program, the injunction does not significantly impact our
           | other library services. The Internet Archive may still
           | digitize books for preservation purposes, and may still
           | provide access to our digital collections in a number of
           | ways, including through interlibrary loan and by making
           | accessible formats available to people with qualified print
           | disabilities. We may continue to display "short portions" of
           | books as is consistent with fair use--for example, Wikipedia
           | references (as shown in the image above). The injunction does
           | not affect lending of out-of-print books. And of course, the
           | Internet Archive will still make millions of public domain
           | texts available to the public without restriction._
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | Hhhhuh. Thanks a lot for this info, this isn't anywhere
             | near as bad as all the commentary around the lawsuit I've
             | seen lead me to believe. I'm now confused by the
             | apocalyptic tone of the article, I read it as being an
             | existential threat to the IA ("last-ditch effort to save
             | itself," "things aren't looking good for the Internet's
             | archivist," "A extremely noble, and valuable, endeavor.
             | Which makes the likelihood of this legal defeat all the
             | more unfortunate."). I still don't think Hachette has much
             | to gain here, but you're absolutely right that I was way
             | off the mark.
        
           | squarefoot wrote:
           | > Hachette's owners see an opportunity here to destroy a
           | public good ...
           | 
           | Quite possibly on behalf of some other entities in their same
           | bed that don't like information to be free and preserved.
        
           | causality0 wrote:
           | We reasoned. We begged. We screamed at IA not to do what they
           | did, that this would be the inevitable outcome. This is like
           | someone left a bear trap on my front lawn and because I
           | should have the right to do whatever I want on my property I
           | refuse to listen to the crowd of people telling me not to
           | stick my dick in the bear trap. The controlled digital
           | lending was already completely illegal but the IA was making
           | headway on making it a culturally accepted practice. Then
           | they burned it to the ground. The loss of the IA would be one
           | of if not _the_ greatest Internet-tragedy in history, but the
           | fools in charge of it don 't deserve anyone's sympathy.
        
         | tithe wrote:
         | > a terrifyingly large amount of history would suddenly blink
         | from existence
         | 
         | One response to that is the "The Offline Internet Archive" [0],
         | which includes software to crawl Internet Archive collections
         | and store them to a local server [1].
         | 
         | [0] https://archive.org/about/offline-archive
         | 
         | [1] https://github.com/internetarchive/dweb-mirror
        
           | xingped wrote:
           | How much data does the IA store? If only storage were
           | cheaper, I'd be way more of a digital hoarder.
        
             | RobotToaster wrote:
             | According to their about page, 145+ Petabytes.
        
               | jzb wrote:
               | I'm gonna need a bigger NAS...
        
               | _flux wrote:
               | So apparently a 20 TB HDD can be purchased at around
               | $250, plus perhaps $30 per hdd slot with a computer (I
               | just recall a number of this range from calculating years
               | ago how much it costs to have storage at home), making it
               | 2 million dollars--without any redundancy, so maybe twice
               | that.
               | 
               | On the other hand you can already have 24 20TB HDDs for
               | maybe $7000 (with required other hardware), and that's
               | almost 0.5 petabytes. I imagine it would be able to
               | archive all things a single person cares about. Now only
               | if there was a way to interconnect these smaller storage
               | pods to each other..
        
               | speedgoose wrote:
               | For the redundancy at this scale, perhaps tape storage is
               | interesting. Though the prices for high density tape seem
               | to not be low enough to be public, and IBM scam their
               | customers by advertising storage capacity before
               | compression.
        
               | IntelMiner wrote:
               | So a few racks full of Storinators, and a _fat_ internet
               | pipe I guess
        
               | gcanyon wrote:
               | I almost can't express how happy this Phineas and Ferb
               | reference makes me.
        
               | LeoPanthera wrote:
               | I always thought the physical IA locations like the one
               | in San Francisco should offer a kind of "internet cafe"
               | setup so you can plug into an ethernet port and get
               | gigabit+ downloads without going over the internet at
               | all.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | To be somewhat diplomatic, how much good does your data
             | hoarding actually benefit anyone but you and maybe some
             | friends? Maybe it will help some leak into the world but
             | the contents of your hard drive are pretty ephemeral.
        
               | xingped wrote:
               | Oh for sure. I don't think of my digital hoarding as
               | anything I'd endeavor to share publicly. I didn't mean to
               | phrase my question in the sense of so I could share what
               | I hoard with others. It was sort of two separate thoughts
               | that yeah, came out sounding like they were attached
               | together.
        
               | __d wrote:
               | Yes, but ...
               | 
               | Counter examples exist: the NASA moon landing tapes were
               | lost, but a copy was found in a horde in Australia. Dr
               | Who episodes, lost by the BBC, have been collected from
               | fans' recordings, etc.
               | 
               | There's some difficulty in connecting those who want the
               | info with those who have it, but if the search gets
               | enough publicity, it can work. This seems like a problem
               | that could be solved with software.
        
         | cfmcdonald wrote:
         | > The problem is, their online book lending is far from the
         | most important part of the Internet Archive,
         | 
         | I disagree. Archiving information for future researchers is
         | valuable, but giving access to information to people right now
         | is also very valuable. Most people's access to texts for
         | research is very shallow, unless they are part of a research
         | university. Google Books hosts many works that are out of
         | copyright, but there is a century-long dead zone that is
         | inaccessible.
         | 
         | I write a history of technology blog and the Internet Archive
         | lending service has saved me thousands of dollars and many
         | hours that it would have taken to track down the same research
         | materials on eBay. Realistically, I just wouldn't have
         | bothered, and the material I write would be of lower quality or
         | not get written at all.
         | 
         | (That said I do agree that the emergency library was a
         | strategic and legal mistake.)
        
           | _DeadFred_ wrote:
           | Great, now you get access but then the year this free access
           | is established is the year NEW information stops being
           | created and/or the quality goes down hill (funny how making
           | something free stops a lot of people from doing it for a
           | living). Now everyone's content is 'lower quality or not get
           | written at all' because the content that makes your's not
           | 'lower quality' is no longer produced (most people/businesses
           | don't work for free).
        
         | jrmg wrote:
         | The lawsuit is not about the "National Emergency Library".
         | 
         | It's about, as the IA calls it, "Controlled Digital Lending" -
         | which the IA was doing before and after the "emergency", and is
         | still doing now. The idea that, if they have a physical copy of
         | a book, they can lend, one-for-one, a digital copy.
         | 
         | The "National Emergency Library" was basically uncontrolled -
         | they were 'lending' digital copies of books they did not have
         | physical copies of. But there are no lawsuits about that -
         | presumably because they stopped and it would be bad publicity
         | fore book companies to pursue them about it now. I do wonder if
         | it's what precipitated the book companies' ire - but I also
         | think a lawsuit about "Controlled Digital Lending" was coming
         | sooner or later anyway.
        
           | gojomo wrote:
           | No, the publishers' lawsuit also took issue with the "NEL".
           | 
           | It's just that the lower court's judgement didn't really
           | focus much that issue, because they found the broader/simpler
           | and more-foundational "can you loan a format-shifted ebook
           | 1:1 from your physical book" issue against IA, which then
           | makes an anti-NEL conclusion almost automatic.
           | 
           | So NEL-related arguments haven't yet been the focus of the
           | rulings, despite being part of the original lawsuit.
           | 
           | Thus, also, IA's appeal is mostly about that foundational
           | finding - though section II of the IA appeal brief says that
           | if the appeal succeeds on "ordinary controlled digital
           | lending", the NEL ruling should also be rejudged:
           | 
           |  _> Il. THIS COURT SHOULD REMAND FOR RECONSIDERATION OF THE
           | NATIONAL EMERGENCY LIBRARY Publishers do not deny that the
           | district court's NEL ruling depends entirely on its analysis
           | of ordinary controlled digital lending. Resp.Br. 61-62. If
           | the Court reverses the latter, then it should also reverse
           | and remand the former. It need not address Publishers'
           | arguments about the justifications for NEL (Resp.Br. 62),
           | which should be left for the district court in the first
           | instance._
        
         | darksim905 wrote:
         | >National Emergency Library
         | 
         | Context?
        
           | lucb1e wrote:
           | Context in here: https://lunduke.locals.com/post/5556650/the-
           | internet-archive... (see also the discussion thread
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40201053 "259 points by
           | rbanffy 4 hours ago")
        
       | jawns wrote:
       | > Maybe you and I are on the side of The Internet Archive. Maybe
       | we are such big fans of Archive.org that we want to come to their
       | defense.
       | 
       | > But feelings don't matter here. Only facts. And the facts are
       | simple. The Archive's actions and statements (and questionable
       | legal defense) have all but ensured a loss in this case.
       | 
       | This is what has surprised me about people's defense of IA. When
       | you look at the facts and ignore the admittedly good work they do
       | elsewhere, it's clear that they not only ran afoul of the law but
       | thumbed their noses at it. But so many people are quick to come
       | to its defense because they love IA so much for the other stuff
       | they do and don't want it to go away.
        
         | bluefirebrand wrote:
         | > it's clear that they not only ran afoul of the law but
         | thumbed their noses at it
         | 
         | When laws are bad, people should thumb their nose at them
         | 
         | Good on them for using the platform they have to try and push
         | for real change, at personal risk to themselves and their
         | operations too
        
           | bell-cot wrote:
           | > When laws are bad, people should thumb their nose at them
           | 
           | When the electrical code says that there should be no voltage
           | in the light sockets, then people should stick their fingers
           | into them - regardless of what numbers the voltmeters show.
           | 
           | Right?
        
             | 0xedd wrote:
             | You misread; He didn't say all laws are bad. But, only an
             | idiot can think that a world where corps write laws isn't
             | corrupt. None of us, right?
        
           | mminer237 wrote:
           | I don't even think this law is bad, other than maybe being
           | too harsh. If this was allowed, why would anyone ever buy a
           | book? I'm not going to pay any amount of money for a book I
           | can legally digitally download for free. I realize physical
           | books have an attractive quality, but I don't think that's
           | enough to support an entire industry.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | > When laws are bad, people should thumb their nose at them
           | 
           | Sure. But use some intelligence and risk management when
           | you're doing it.
           | 
           | This was just outright stupidity, and there's no excuse for
           | it. :( :( :(
        
           | ezekiel68 wrote:
           | > When laws are bad, people should thumb their nose at them
           | 
           | You (and Internet Archive) are about to learn what happens
           | when the courts fail to be persuaded regarding the 'badness'
           | of the law in question.
        
             | LocalH wrote:
             | Yet another example of the laws of the world being bought
             | by large powerful moneyed interests.
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | All throughout history there have been people who break
             | laws they disagree with and get punished for it
             | 
             | Sometimes those laws wind up changed later, because of
             | their actions
             | 
             | I personally don't agree that this particular thing is
             | worth taking a stand on, but I do applaud Internet Archive
             | for being willing to take a stand for what they believe is
             | important enough. It takes guts
        
         | tombert wrote:
         | Yeah, this is my issue with it too. The Wayback Machine is
         | awesome, Controlled Digital Lending is cool, becoming a host
         | for Abandonware and/or Lost Media is definitely great, but I
         | think a lot of people don't seem to realize that IA is sort of
         | becoming a piracy website.
         | 
         | I mean, it's trivial to find entire MAME romsets for download
         | [1], Super Mario Odyssey and Super Mario Wonder roms [2], the
         | entire season 1 of Hilda from Netflix [3], huge collections of
         | PS4 games [4], and the list goes on.
         | 
         | Just to be clear, this required nearly zero effort on my part,
         | I just looked up "Internet Archive PS4" on Kagi and found this
         | in about four seconds. You can do this with basically any media
         | and find something.
         | 
         | IA needs to do something about this stuff, because it's a
         | matter of "when", not "if", for these companies taking legal
         | action, and I cannot imagine a future where IA wins. They're a
         | huge target with a lot of public exposure, and data harboring
         | laws only get you so far.
         | 
         | [1] https://archive.org/details/mame-merged [2]
         | https://archive.org/download/street-fighter-30th-anniversary...
         | [3] https://archive.org/details/hilda-season-complete-episodes
         | [4] https://archive.org/download/CG_Sony_PlayStation_4
        
           | gs17 wrote:
           | I genuinely don't understand why they're not making any
           | serious attempt to clean it up (also how Nintendo hasn't gone
           | after them, they cease and desist their own paying fans!).
           | Maybe moderation would cost more than the storage/bandwidth
           | so they can leave cleaning it for when legal issues happen.
           | The "emergency library" is at least understandable as a
           | special case.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | I'm sure Nintendo knows about it, they're a multibillion
             | dollar company that's famously litigious and it's not like
             | the IA is some obscure part of the deep web, so it wouldn't
             | surprise me if they're just biding their time to see how
             | this lawsuit goes.
             | 
             | They might be afraid of the optics of suing a library, but
             | I just think it's a matter of time before they get over
             | that.
        
             | sussmannbaka wrote:
             | Nintendo needs that romset to stay up or otherwise they
             | won't be able to sell them on the next iteration of Virtual
             | Console :o)
        
             | GrantMoyer wrote:
             | Presumably, since the files are user uploaded, the Internet
             | Archive is protected so long as they comply with any DCMA
             | takedown requests, and I imagine they do. But then some
             | other user soon uploads the infringing material, and the
             | onus is back on the rights holder to find it and issue
             | another notice.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | IANAL, but if they're ambivalent and not making a
               | slightly proactive attempt to stop blatant and obvious
               | piracy on their site, couldn't that still get them sued?
               | YouTube has Content ID which of course has its problems
               | but I think is somewhat of a protection to ensure that
               | they don't get sued direct.
        
               | LocalH wrote:
               | Content ID exists _because_ YouTube got sued
        
               | GrantMoyer wrote:
               | Also NAL, but the "safe harbor" laws[1] explicity state
               | that "a service provider monitoring its service or
               | affirmatively seeking facts indicating infringing
               | activity"[2] is not required for protection. I have no
               | idea how that translates to judicial precedent though.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.copyright.gov/512/
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap5.html#512
        
           | 0xedd wrote:
           | Because piracy doesn't hurt the digital market. Neither party
           | need be concerned.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | That's an assertion I hear a lot, but is that true? How can
             | you possibly prove it
             | 
             | If I buy a flash cart for the Switch, and put a pirated
             | copy Mario Wonder on there, that's a loss of a potential
             | sale. You could argue that I wouldn't have purchased it
             | anyway, but you really have no way of knowing that.
        
               | kbolino wrote:
               | At scale, digital piracy largely boils down to:
               | 
               | 1. People who do it for fun
               | 
               | 2. Would-be consumers who are priced out or locked out
               | 
               | The first group is, if anything, only encouraged by
               | attempts to stop them, and generally won't pay no matter
               | what. The second group would pay, if it were possible and
               | economical for them to do so.
               | 
               | Focusing on the second group, you can say that every
               | pirated copy is a "lost sale" but the sale that you've
               | "lost" would only happen on terms favorable to the
               | consumer. In other words, supposing you sold a product
               | for $50 in developed countries, you're not going to get
               | the equivalent at any significant volume in developing
               | countries. But if you were to cut the price to the local
               | equivalent of say $10, you'll probably get lots of sales.
               | Refusing to market-adjust your prices, or even more so,
               | refusing to sell in a market altogether, is a great
               | recipe for piracy. Yet estimating that piracy at top-
               | shelf price times number of downloads is grossly
               | unrealistic. The piracy cost you what you should have
               | sold it for; but of course, if you had done that, you
               | wouldn't have seen so much piracy.
               | 
               | There are some exceptions to this, of course. Certain
               | categories of media are extra prone to piracy
               | (adult/restricted content in particular) regardless of
               | price. Piracy also happens because of factors the
               | publisher can control besides price; for example, anti-
               | piracy measures in some PC video games have gotten so
               | onerous that pirates are getting a better quality
               | product; Switch games (in)famously run a lot better on PC
               | than the console they were actually designed for; Blu-
               | rays are so chock full of dated advertisements and anti-
               | piracy warnings that can't be skipped that a torrented
               | MKV is preferable; etc.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | Again though, these are just kind of assertions. I am
               | sure what you're suggesting is mostly right, but I would
               | actually like data instead of just going off gut
               | feelings.
               | 
               | I think there is a group 3 that people ignore: people who
               | could absolutely afford the product but pirate it anyway
               | because they don't want to pay for it. I don't know the
               | numbers, I don't even think it's the majority, but I also
               | don't think it's zero either.
        
               | kbolino wrote:
               | I've followed indie devs talking about this stuff, and
               | I've been a critical consumer of digital media for
               | decades. That's all fairly anecdotal, to be fair, but I
               | am not aware of any hard data that's public and
               | transparently sourced.
               | 
               | The segment you talk about exists, indeed I've seen it in
               | action, but chasing them down has rapidly diminishing
               | returns. Their loyalty to the product is just as shallow
               | as their loyalty to the author, and they'll just scamper
               | to other media they can get easily if cornered. Indeed,
               | that is actually a fairly good argument for _some_
               | mitigating measures: it 's like a lock on your house, it
               | only stops you from being the lowest-hanging fruit, but
               | that often goes a long way.
        
         | handsclean wrote:
         | No, I'm quick to come to their defense because this law is
         | wrong and immoral.
         | 
         | "One has a moral duty to disobey unjust laws." --MLKJ
        
         | lucb1e wrote:
         | Call me out if I'm misremembering this, but I think the vast
         | majority of comments were of the same opinion (then and now)
         | and not "so many people are quick to come to its defense
         | because they love IA so much for the other stuff". I'm sure
         | there was a lot of "I love the IA so much for the other stuff"
         | but then it was also followed by something like "but wtf is
         | this risk they're taking"
        
       | nanolith wrote:
       | My wife is a librarian. The elephant in the room here is that
       | patrons are shifting toward a preference for digital
       | distribution. However, Fair Use has not caught up. So, libraries
       | end up spending a large portion of their operating budget
       | "leasing" ebooks from publishers at extraordinary markup over the
       | print copies. These leases are only good for so many "check outs"
       | -- often as few as 4-6 -- after which point, the lease must be
       | renewed at a price that can be 2X or 3X the cost of the print
       | book. It's downright predatory.
       | 
       | IA may have gone beyond pushing the envelope and well into
       | stepping over the line on this one, but it is an important legal
       | challenge. I don't think IA will or should win, but I do hope
       | that their loss shifts the needle of public opinion a bit toward
       | actual Fair Use.
        
         | greyface- wrote:
         | It makes me incredibly sad to see the Internet Archive continue
         | to argue that a DRM system (which is what controlled digital
         | lending is) is a liberatory technology whose usage should be
         | expanded. Libraries should stop lighting money on fire buying
         | expensive short-lived licenses from publishers, and start
         | referring patrons to LibGen, Anna's Archive, Sci-Hub, etc.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | That's not a legal argument; you're arguing that crime should
           | be officially encouraged by libraries and the Internet
           | Archive. That's essentially an argument that they should
           | commit suicide in protest of the entire idea of copyright.
           | 
           | I'm not saying that speciously. If it's fine that they
           | encourage the public to go to shadow libraries, there's _no
           | need_ for the public to go to shadow libraries; because they
           | 've then become de facto legal and the libraries might as
           | well distribute the material directly (or aid with access and
           | provide resources for the shadow libraries.) If it's not fine
           | that they encourage the public to go to shadow libraries,
           | when they do it they've called their own distribution of
           | copyrighted materials into question by implying that they do
           | the same thing as shadow libraries.
           | 
           | DRM is an overlay over copyright which gives copyright owners
           | some security that they'll be able to hold on to most of the
           | distribution of what they own. It's really a pretense,
           | because you can have DRM without copyright. DRM is just a
           | weak, autonomous enforcement layer being bolted on. That
           | pretense is the only thing that's keeping IA online at this
           | point. Otherwise, there would be no excuse to allow their
           | distribution of copyrighted works at all.
           | 
           | If you want to fight copyright, fight it directly, don't
           | gamble the IA for it. The giant multinational companies that
           | own the vast majority of copyrights are begging you to stake
           | the entire IA on such a sucker bet.
        
             | greyface- wrote:
             | It's not a crime to inform patrons of the existence of
             | shadow libraries.
             | 
             | > That pretense is the only thing that's keeping IA online
             | at this point. Otherwise, there would be no excuse to allow
             | their distribution of copyrighted works at all.
             | 
             | > If you want to fight copyright, fight it directly, don't
             | gamble the IA for it.
             | 
             | I agree with you. There is no (legal) excuse for the
             | National Emergency Library, digital lending DRM is just a
             | pretense, and they shouldn't have gambled the Archive on
             | it. The battle will be won by shadow libraries, who by
             | their extra-legal nature are better equipped to fight
             | copyright directly.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > It's really a pretense, because you can have DRM without
             | copyright. DRM is just a weak, autonomous enforcement layer
             | being bolted on. That pretense is the only thing that's
             | keeping IA online at this point. Otherwise, there would be
             | no excuse to allow their distribution of copyrighted works
             | at all.
             | 
             | Well sure there is, because it also works the other way
             | around. You can have copyright without DRM, and enforce it
             | not via some weak and easily bypassed technological fig
             | leaf but with the full force of the government. A patron
             | who makes a permanent copy even though they've claimed and
             | agreed to have destroyed their temporary one would be
             | liable for copyright infringement. There is no reason the
             | law couldn't still prohibit that while allowing temporary
             | lending.
             | 
             | Copyright holders would have no more or less trouble
             | enforcing this than they do any other infringing copying
             | that happens in private, like when the user downloads the
             | same book from a shadow library in a foreign country. The
             | difference is that the local library has paid the copyright
             | holder for an official copy, implying that _they_ haven 't
             | done anything wrong, and neither have any patrons who don't
             | illicitly retain a copy. Why should people doing nothing
             | wrong have any liability?
        
         | leotravis10 wrote:
         | > My wife is a librarian. The elephant in the room here is that
         | patrons are shifting toward a preference for digital
         | distribution. However, Fair Use has not caught up. So,
         | libraries end up spending a large portion of their operating
         | budget "leasing" ebooks from publishers at extraordinary markup
         | over the print copies. These leases are only good for so many
         | "check outs" -- often as few as 4-6 -- after which point, the
         | lease must be renewed at a price that can be 2X or 3X the cost
         | of the print book. It's downright predatory.
         | 
         | If you haven't read this, now's the time to:
         | https://buttondown.email/ninelives/archive/the-coming-enshit...
         | 
         | > IA may have gone beyond pushing the envelope and well into
         | stepping over the line on this one, but it is an important
         | legal challenge. I don't think IA will or should win, but I do
         | hope that their loss shifts the needle of public opinion a bit
         | toward actual Fair Use.
         | 
         | Very unlikely that would happen and libraries would inevitably
         | pay the ultimate price in the long run in a period where
         | they're under attack and most at risk of extinction from all
         | fronts (politicians, governments, publishers, copyright cartel,
         | list goes on all hate libraries and this would be a huge win
         | for those groups as a sign to cripple them even more).
        
           | swalling wrote:
           | Whatever happened to the idea of legal peer-to-peer lending?
           | If I buy a book, it's my property to give away or resell. Why
           | is it any different with an ebook?
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | Because you aren't buying an ebook, you are licensing a
             | copy of it. The terms of the license you agreed to were
             | that you will not distribute or re-assign ownership of the
             | material you are licensing.
             | 
             | If you want that to change, you'll need to get congress to
             | do something about it (lol).
        
               | thescriptkiddie wrote:
               | We as a society very urgently need to ban the practice of
               | "selling" licenses, but in the meantime we as individuals
               | can and should practice civil disobedience.
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | DRM (if any) is one difference. Circumventing copyright
             | controls can open you up to civil and criminal penalties.
             | 
             | Not all digital books are DRM protected. I recently
             | listened to Cory Doctorow's audiobook _The Bezzel_ and at
             | the end he tells you that you have the right to loan or
             | sell your copy of the audiobook.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | While I don't really agree with US copyright law, I think
             | the issue is that it's relatively easy to make infinite
             | copies of ebooks. It's basically impossible to guarantee
             | that if I sell you my digital copy of The Colour of Magic
             | that I _don 't_ have it anymore.
             | 
             | With a physical book, that's much easier; I simply don't
             | have the book anymore. I could technically photocopy the
             | entire myself and have the book as backup, but that's a
             | pretty time-consuming process that most people aren't going
             | to bother with.
             | 
             | The "solution" to this could be some kind of DRM, but of
             | course that has its own can of horrible and problematic
             | worms, not the least of which the fact that central signing
             | servers suck.
             | 
             | I had an idea years ago of trying to have some kind of
             | blockchain-based DRM but I never really figured out how to
             | even get started with it so I never did anything with it.
             | Still, I think it could be worth someone giving it a go.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | In general breaking digital DRM is trivial. Or only
               | mildly challenging as in the end you can get projector
               | and camera... With text OCR and some automated editing
               | should be good enough. And LLMs might make it even
               | simpler.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > I think the issue is that it's relatively easy to make
               | infinite copies of ebooks.
               | 
               | That's the case regardless of any DRM or even what the
               | source material is. You can OCR a physical book or type
               | the contents into your computer once from any source you
               | can read with your eyes and then make infinite copies
               | thereafter.
               | 
               | The thing that prevents this is that making unlimited
               | permanent copies is copyright infringement, the same as
               | it ever was. Making the unlimited copies is now cheaper
               | than it was a century ago, but that has nothing to do
               | with where or how the infringer gets the first copy.
               | 
               | Never mind breaking DRM, there are services that will OCR
               | a book for around $15. For most books it would cost less
               | to OCR than to buy a single physical copy, from which an
               | infringer could make an unlimited number. Putting this
               | out as some kind of significant distinction between
               | physical and digital copies is just looking for an excuse
               | for a money grab against the new technology.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | The right to copy is what copyright deals with. You never
             | had the right to buy a book, copy it, and give away or
             | resell the copy.
             | 
             | edit: the "right" we have to copy them from device to
             | device I think is just granted by the official
             | interpretation of current law by Library of Congress
             | lawyers. It would be entirely consistent to say that when I
             | sell you an ebook, you get to download it to one machine
             | once, and that copying it to a different machine is a
             | violation.
        
           | squigz wrote:
           | > (politicians, governments, publishers, copyright cartel,
           | list goes on all hate libraries
           | 
           | I have to say I've never seen anti-library sentiment from
           | politicians or governments.
        
             | pdonis wrote:
             | Have you ever seen pro-library sentiment from them? Or do
             | they just keep quite while private companies do their
             | hatchet work?
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | IANAL: Can libraries just buy physical books and then format
         | shift (scan+OCR) them?
        
           | zaphod12 wrote:
           | I suspect this is likely a violation of agreements, but
           | regardless it absolutely does not produce a readable ebook
        
             | mdaniel wrote:
             | Agreements of what? I could have sworn the first sale
             | doctrine means that I _own_ the book, as there are for sure
             | no EULAs that I agree to when purchasing nor opening to
             | page 1 of a book. Copyright, for sure, but not an agreement
             | that could be violated
             | 
             | I would also take issue with the "absolutely" of your
             | assertion about OCR. For some things, yes, for crazy fonted
             | works, no, but the devil's in the details
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | I believe the idea was that a publisher _could_ have a
               | contract with libraries in order to rent them digital
               | copies that imposes terms against other ways of getting
               | digital copies. (Whether that should be or is legal is a
               | separate question that I 'm not going to answer; as ever
               | IANAL.)
        
           | tester89 wrote:
           | No, copyright violation.
           | 
           | Libraries are able to loan under the first sale doctrine,
           | that is to say that the copyright holder exhausts their right
           | to control the _distribution_ of a copy after the first sale.
           | However, they retain a monopoly on the _production_ of
           | copies.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | The issue here is whether this counts as the production of
             | copies and/or whether that production is fair use.
             | 
             | For example, CDs are digital. To play a CD that you own,
             | the player is going to create a copy of the song in memory
             | in order to decode it into an analog signal that can be
             | played on speakers. Then it's going to discard that
             | temporary copy, leaving the CD as the only permanent one.
             | It seems pretty obvious that either that sort of temporary
             | copy doesn't count or that it should be fair use.
             | 
             | But then how is it any different if the temporary copy is
             | on your tablet instead of your CD player?
        
           | pgalvin wrote:
           | That is quite literally what this lawsuit is trying to
           | establish as illegal (it was a grey area before).
           | 
           | Many people misunderstand and think it is just about the
           | temporary unlimited lending. It was motivated by that, but
           | went further.
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | As far as I can tell, the book publishers are merely
             | seeking to have 17 U.S. Code SS 108, subsection (g)
             | enforced.
             | 
             | The law[1] makes it clear public libraries are permitted to
             | make _one_ digital copy and distribute it (lend it) once at
             | a time on separate occasions. Subsection (g) outlines that
             | distributing that one copy multiple times simultaneously
             | forfeits the protections granted by this law.
             | 
             | [1]: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/108
        
               | JackC wrote:
               | SS 108 doesn't apply here, in either direction. See
               | footnote 6 of the lower court decision, where the court
               | notes that the Internet Archive doesn't rely on SS 108,
               | but instead on SS 107 covering fair use, and also notes
               | that SS 108 doesn't restrict fair use by libraries: https
               | ://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.53..
               | .
               | 
               | The reason IA doesn't rely on SS 108 is "When a user
               | requests a copy of an entire work or a substantial part
               | thereof, the library or archives must first make a
               | reasonable effort to determine whether a copy can be
               | obtained at a fair price. If it can, then no copy is
               | allowed to be made."
               | https://www.copyright.gov/policy/section108/discussion-
               | docum...
               | 
               | What you're describing, "public libraries are permitted
               | to make one digital copy and distribute it (lend it) once
               | at a time on separate occasions," is what controlled
               | digital lending refers to, and it would be cool if it was
               | overtly authorized by statute, but it isn't -- the
               | original CDL whitepaper (
               | https://controlleddigitallending.org/whitepaper/ ) relied
               | on fair use instead. The trial court found that it fails
               | that test, so unless IA wins on appeal, it doesn't exist.
        
               | gooob wrote:
               | this law is out of date and silly. one of the primary
               | purposes of making digital copies is to have infinite
               | copies, and everyone knows that. [Request to delete that
               | law submitted]
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | I don't think so? I was saying that the library buys a
             | paper book, scans it, and destroys the original, leaving
             | them with a digital copy. I _think_ (seriously, IANAL) that
             | conversion process is legal because you start with 1 copy
             | and end with 1 copy. The thing the Internet Archive is in
             | trouble for is taking 1 copy and giving it to multiple
             | people at once (effectively, start with 1 copy, end with
             | >1 copy) which _is_ probably a legal problem.
        
               | navane wrote:
               | I have lent books from IA, they only loan out to one
               | person at a time. You have to renew your lending every
               | ninety minutes or so.
        
               | gs17 wrote:
               | This was about the "National Emergency Library" which ran
               | for a while in 2020. After the publishers came after
               | them, they returned to only having 1:1 lending.
        
               | navane wrote:
               | Thank you. I admit I was reading this thread a bit
               | nonplussed.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | It's hard to make headway in copyright law trying to
               | reason like a regular human being.
               | 
               | Copyright is an artificial constraint on something that
               | is otherwise constrained only by cost of raw inputs and
               | machine labor (even back in the days of setting the lead
               | by hand)... And in that sense, not very constrained at
               | all. The whole thing is an artifice that tries to
               | encourage creation of novel work by couching monopoly on
               | ideas in property law.
               | 
               | This leaves you with a quantum beast that mostly runs on
               | "vibes." To your example: no, illegal, because you made a
               | copy, right there, when you format-shifted. _Or_ yes,
               | because you preserved the total number of instances. _Or_
               | no, because you moved a tangible format that is easy to
               | preserve singularity on to a hard-to-audit, easy-to-copy
               | format, thus greatly increasing the risk of copyright
               | fiolation. _Or_ yes, because you actually recorded the
               | fact of the position of the ink on the paper in your
               | original copy, and you can 't copyright facts ("this is a
               | historical record of what my book looked like"). Or...
               | 
               | Copyright is a ball of string and chewing gum held
               | together by a few explicit laws and many, many centuries
               | of precedent. It's _very_ hard to predict what the end
               | result of a lawsuit in novel territory will be, because
               | it really does come down to  "Which faction do the judges
               | think should have more power today?"
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | From other comments here noting that digital copies are
               | often both more expensive and allow only for a limited
               | number of total lends to happen before invalid (4-6 being
               | noted), it sounds like even getting a physical copy,
               | converting to digital and securing or destroying the
               | physical copy to allow a single digital copy to be
               | checked out at a time would be useful for libraries. Just
               | having a digital copy with the same lending
               | characteristics as a physical one sounds like a win over
               | that.
        
           | troupe wrote:
           | I think this is a lot less clear than just a yes or no.
           | Imagine you have a library where you can't touch the books so
           | you have to look at them through glass and turn the pages
           | with some type of robotic arm. That probably wouldn't be an
           | issue. What if you replace the glass with a computer monitor?
           | So you are sitting in a room next to the book you are
           | viewing. Then what if you extend the wire and sit in the
           | building next door? What if you replace the wire with the
           | internet? At what point did you start infringing on the
           | copyright?
           | 
           | Imagine a video rental service where you can go in, and they
           | will play whatever movie you want on a DVD player in the back
           | room. How long can that wire be between the DVD player and
           | the person watching before it starts being copyright
           | infringement?
        
             | saulpw wrote:
             | > Imagine a video rental service where you can go in, and
             | they will play whatever movie you want on a DVD player in
             | the back room. How long can that wire be between the DVD
             | player and the person watching before it starts being
             | copyright infringement?
             | 
             | I imagine it would be when you put a Y on the wire so that
             | two people can watch from two different monitors.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | nope, aereo didn't have a Y in the wire, still found to
               | be infringing.
               | 
               | of course this gets to the core of the problem: rights on
               | paper are one thing, but they are easily taken away by a
               | plaintiff with money. if you don't have the money to
               | defend the right, you don't have the right (and in fact
               | stand a good chance of getting the right taken away for
               | everyone else too).
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | Didn't Aereo lose because they were basically found to be
               | a cable company which then subjects them to a specific
               | set of different rules?
        
             | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
             | Aereo tried essentially this, with thousands of TV antennas
             | for their "broadcast TV over the internet" scheme. They
             | lost, and no longer exist.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Zediva tried essentially this. DVDs, players, internet.
               | 
               | Aereo was significantly different, because there was no
               | copyrighted material being rented. They were renting out
               | servers, and the servers made per-user recordings. Aereo
               | got super screwed over too, because the supreme court
               | said they were 'basically' a cable company, and then they
               | weren't able to get cable company style mandatory
               | licensing either.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | Do you want my interpretation of the law, or what I think
             | it should be?
             | 
             | Let me put it this way: You should very much be able to
             | rent a DVD from across the world and control it by wire,
             | and the only limit we need to prevent abuse is how often
             | that DVD can change hands, since micro-renting could cause
             | legitimate problems.
        
           | gooob wrote:
           | yes, but apparently the law hasn't been updated to allow for
           | that, and legal people get confused by it. what is it that
           | triggers the process of reviewing and revising/removing an
           | outdated law when an entity breaks it? it's obvious that
           | there could be thousands of laws that were made, that are now
           | out of date because of advances in technology or scientific
           | understanding. so isn't there some regular procedure for,
           | when someone sues someone, allowing for the opportunity to
           | consider if the particular violated law is still applicable?
           | maybe if it hasn't been applied in a while and/or was made a
           | long time ago?
        
         | xhkkffbf wrote:
         | Do you think the authors and editors should be compensated for
         | their work? Charging for use seems to be a pretty straight
         | forward way to reward the people who create good books.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | Copyright grants you the right to profit from the first sale.
           | It does not grant you the right to charge "per use."
           | 
           | Should your books destroy themselves after you've read them
           | once?
        
             | xhkkffbf wrote:
             | No. Copyright gives the right to control how a work is
             | reproduced. In the case of printed books, we've arrived on
             | the first sale doctrine which still does a pretty good job
             | of spreading costs over all users. It's not perfect, but
             | wear and tear help spread out the costs.
             | 
             | Digital books are different. It's quite possible for there
             | to be one "sale" in the first sale model. That doesn't do a
             | very good job of sharing costs among the people who read
             | the book. Nor does it do a good job of rewarding the people
             | who produce good books that are in much demand.
             | 
             | I'm quite happy with all of the digital "renting" schemes
             | that effectively "destroy" the digital work after I've
             | consumed it. Why? Because I want to pay the least amount
             | and that means spreading the costs as broadly as possible.
             | That's just fairness.
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | Yes, it controls reproduction, but not all uses are a
               | reproduction. The law also has zero concerns for
               | "spreading costs" and it's why "fair use" and libraries
               | can even exist in the first place.
               | 
               | Further, simply because you give out copies of your work
               | for free, does not mean you suddenly lose copyright
               | protection. Costs and copyright are two entirely separate
               | issues, which is why open source licenses can exist. Your
               | attempt to convolve these two facts leads to an
               | incredibly messy interpretation.
               | 
               | Digital books are not different in any meaningful way.
               | You have the right to sell a digital copy. Once sold, the
               | user who purchased it, has a right to use that copy in
               | any way the see fit. Including lending it to others,
               | selling it second hand, or even reading it out loud as
               | part of an event.
               | 
               | The article makes it perfectly clear, this is not driving
               | costs down, so while you may be happy with that outcome,
               | that's clearly not what's actually occurring. So I'm
               | genuinely surprised you've gone to this much effort to
               | advocate for something that demonstrably fails to produce
               | the outcome you're after.
        
           | pdonis wrote:
           | Do you think the authors and editors actually get the lion's
           | share of the profits from sales of books? Particularly
           | ebooks?
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | This is your friendly reminder that, if libraries didn't
         | predate copyright, they never would have existed because
         | copyright owners would have argued it's a flagrant violation of
         | copyright. Even given that libraries are clearly legal,
         | copyright owners still try their utmost to make them illegal,
         | because they're seen as lost purchases.
         | 
         | If I were only allowed to change one thing about copyright,
         | what I would change is not the length of copyright terms, but
         | the treatment of digital works. Kill this stupid pretend game
         | that you don't buy anything digital, you merely lease it, and
         | therefore the creator gets to jerk you around to their heart's
         | content because contract law supersedes all. No, make a digital
         | sale a sale, and then we get to have the First Sale Doctrine
         | kick in. And hopefully we get to sit back and enjoy the
         | schadenfreude as they repeatedly go to SCOTUS as the printer
         | manufacturers do with some new harebrained attempt to work
         | around First Sale Doctrine and SCOTUS goes "lol, nope, doesn't
         | work."
         | 
         | But truly, fuck the ebook lending practices. It's downright
         | predatory and it just makes me never want to actually buy an
         | ebook (unless it's from one of the few publishers that goes
         | all-in on DRM-free ebooks).
        
           | jazzyjackson wrote:
           | what's your timeline on libraries? i guess you're counting
           | ancient, private collections. public libraries happened well
           | after copyright was established and just had to go to court
           | and make their case. first sale doctrine indeed saved the
           | day.
           | 
           | the more interesting case for me is that xerox was allowed to
           | exist, and libraries fought successfully to allow their
           | patrons to use xerox machines within the library (1973
           | Williams & Wilkins Co. v United States). this freedom may not
           | have been established had it been any other circumstance than
           | a medical journal suing the medical doctors xerox'ing the
           | papers for their own research. the public attitude was "bro,
           | lives are on the line here, let the doctors make copies" and
           | we got the four factors of fair use outlined in the 1976
           | Copyright Act
        
             | brnt wrote:
             | If you do not consider the ancient, famous libraries to be
             | public, Wikipedia puts ~1600 as a first date of modern
             | public libraries. While copyright has a first occurance
             | date in the 1700s, in some locales much later.
             | 
             | Either way it seems public libraries were around at least a
             | century before copyright, but by other measure, in some
             | places, much longer.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Copyright in the UK predates the existence of the United
             | States by quite a bit.
        
               | fao_ wrote:
               | And has no concept of fair use :P
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | > _if libraries didn 't predate copyright, they never would
           | have existed because copyright owners would have argued it's
           | a flagrant violation of copyright._
           | 
           | Before the advent of digital media, the meaning of copyright
           | could be cleanly derived from the words it is compounded
           | from.
           | 
           | Any publisher arguing that to lend a purchased item to
           | another person infringes on their exclusive right to produce
           | copies, would have been laughed right out of the courtroom.
        
         | hysan wrote:
         | I'm glad to see this near the top of this post. The reality of
         | what's been happening to libraries in the shift to the digital
         | age keeps getting ignored by everyone. For those of us who grew
         | up only being able to afford reading books by borrowing from
         | libraries, I've been dismayed to see so little discussion
         | around this. Like other commenters have said, libraries
         | wouldn't exist if they were to be proposed today and I think
         | that points to a fundamental problem with legislation.
        
           | navane wrote:
           | "libraries wouldn't exist if they were to be proposed today"
           | 
           | This is so sad. I spend so much time growing up in libraries.
           | Been locked up there accidentally more than once.
        
             | skeeter2020 wrote:
             | What a library is today is so different. I'm not sure I
             | would leave my kids alone in one like my parents used to.
             | There was always the homeless element, but now there's
             | rampant drug use in and around, anti-social behaviour is
             | ignored or tolerated and it's not really about the books
             | (digital or paper) but the free internet to troll your
             | social media. Libraries used to be accessible jewels of
             | knowledge, now they're generic community spaces.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | Maybe in your area. Certainly not in my area.
        
               | influx wrote:
               | The last time I was in the Seattle Downtown library,
               | there was a gentleman shaving and taking a "shower" in
               | the sink of the shared public restroom.
               | 
               | I'm of the mind there should be a place he could do that
               | safely and easily, but that place shouldn't be the
               | library.
        
               | __d wrote:
               | I'm sorry to hear your library is like that. Mine isn't,
               | and I don't think this generalization is fair.
        
             | gibbitz wrote:
             | They reversed Roe v Wade. Why not libraries too? Regulation
             | of companies to protect consumers is bad, so regulation of
             | consumers to protect companies must be good, right? Maybe
             | this can be the case to get libraries banned. Would reduce
             | all the pollution from book burning and keep kids from
             | reading all those family-values averse books. Win-win...
        
             | smegger001 wrote:
             | yup i remember using the sound proof booths they had for
             | patrons at my library and not hearing the announcement that
             | the library had closed got locked in and only noticed when
             | they librarians started turning off the lights to leave.
        
           | delusional wrote:
           | An unfortunate consequence of internet piracy is that
           | noncommercial activity has been pushed out of mainstream
           | policy. The library was way more crucial when I couldn't just
           | illegally pirate a book on the internet. In turn I was way
           | more willing to fight for it.
        
             | paulmd wrote:
             | > mainstream policy [is...] an unfortunate consequence of
             | internet piracy
             | 
             | no, this is obscene degrees of victim-blaming here. the
             | modern copyright regime predates the internet being a major
             | commercial vector for anything by literally decades. the
             | DAT tape wars were 80s, the VHS/Betamax time-shifting wars
             | were 70s. taping off the radio was 60s.
             | 
             | obviously as the noose tightens, more and more activity
             | becomes "criminal", so the "criminal activity" stats
             | probably do go up over time, but that doesn't inherently
             | reflect some change in social mores as much as the legal
             | framework changing out from underneath it. and that was
             | _not_ initiated by anything to do with the internet - this
             | really dates back to the  "taping off the radio" days and
             | the blowback from studios who didn't like that, and
             | retrenched in the 80s and particularly the 90s.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > the VHS/Betamax time-shifting wars were 70s
               | 
               | Are you talking about legal challenges?
               | 
               | For popularity VHS was the 80's I think: "JVC released
               | the first VHS machines in Japan in late 1976, and in the
               | United States in mid-1977." and took a few years to take
               | off widely.
               | 
               | Interestingly enough, VHS was developed in secret at JVC:
               | "However, despite the lack of funding, Takano and
               | Shiraishi continued to work on the project in secret. By
               | 1973, the two engineers had produced a functional
               | prototype.". The development of blue LEDs has a better
               | story. Does Japanese culture encourage secrative
               | development?
        
         | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
         | Maybe it's time for libraries to focus on the physical
         | aspect... and education, for example teaching people how to
         | pirate digital copies without getting malware.
         | 
         | For ebooks, pirates can provide the public library service.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | > I don't think IA will or should win, but I do hope that their
         | loss shifts the needle of public opinion a bit toward actual
         | Fair Use.
         | 
         | I find it extremely bizarre the people make posts like this,
         | essentially conceding that controlled digital lending _should_
         | be legal, but then claiming that they _shouldn 't_ win. Why
         | shouldn't they win? They're doing something reasonable,
         | meritorious and not at all clearly prohibited.
        
           | KittenInABox wrote:
           | I believe the issue was that they weren't doing controlled
           | digital lending. They allowed an unlimited number of people
           | to check out an individual book digitally & then took
           | donations for doing so. The original envision, where a book
           | can be checked out digitally (and then is reserved until
           | "returned", and mare available again), is way more
           | defensible.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > They allowed an unlimited number of people to check out
             | an individual book digitally
             | 
             | You're referring to the emergency library, which only
             | operated during COVID. The claim in that case is that it
             | should be allowed because it's temporary and can only
             | operate during an emergent crisis, thereby limiting the
             | impact on the market for the works.
             | 
             | > & then took donations for doing so
             | 
             | Why should that be relevant unless a donation is required
             | to get a copy? It seems like a bad faith argument to try to
             | ensure that no one offering a free service to the public
             | can solicit donations to continue operating it.
             | 
             | > The original envision, where a book can be checked out
             | digitally (and then is reserved until "returned", and mare
             | available again), is way more defensible.
             | 
             | Isn't the case about both?
        
             | gooob wrote:
             | what did they do with the donation money? if they did
             | something charitable with any extra profit i think it
             | should be ok, because then all there is is good-intentioned
             | activity.
        
           | danielfoster wrote:
           | It's not normally the courts' job to change the laws. People
           | need to get Congress involved. I doubt very few people write
           | to their representatives about fair use.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | The entire question is whether any change to the law is
             | necessary. The courts created fair use to begin with and it
             | has been codified by Congress in the statute for decades.
             | Congress doesn't need to change anything if this is already
             | fair use, so why shouldn't it be?
        
       | ghusto wrote:
       | There's a lot of sentiment here uncritically equating "right" to
       | "the law". Yes, they almost certainly will not win because it
       | seems (at least to a layperson like me) that they've broken the
       | law. However, that doesn't mean the law is right.
        
         | acuozzo wrote:
         | > There's a lot of sentiment here uncritically equating "right"
         | to "the law".
         | 
         | I wonder what percentage of the population is stuck in stage 4
         | of Kohlberg's "Stages of Moral Development".
        
         | Analemma_ wrote:
         | > There's a lot of sentiment here uncritically equating "right"
         | to "the law".
         | 
         | No, that is not what's happening and you are willfully
         | misreading the people who disagree with you. The people who
         | oppose IA's decision are doing this because it was foolish to
         | tie the continued existence of the Archive to a designed-to-
         | fail protest action. I encourage protesting unjust laws, but if
         | you set things up so that your inherently-doomed protest will
         | take a critical piece of infrastructure down with you, people
         | are going to be pissed. Don't take something people rely on and
         | make it collateral damage.
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | How much is Hachette worth? Can some tech bro just acquire it and
       | make this thing just go away?
        
         | rst wrote:
         | Hachette is one of four plaintiffs; a majority stake is
         | currently held by Vivendi, which is worth over $10 billion.
         | Another, HarperCollins, is owned by Rupert Murdoch's NewsCorp,
         | and the Murdochs might just not want to sell.
        
           | ezekiel68 wrote:
           | > Rupert Murdoch's NewsCorp
           | 
           | Not any longer (since Sept 2023).
        
             | darksim905 wrote:
             | You have no idea what you're talking about.
        
         | ksherlock wrote:
         | It's actually not just Hachette, it's also Wiley, Penguin
         | Random House, and HarperCollins.
        
       | mostlysimilar wrote:
       | What are the worst consequences of losing the appeal? Could this
       | put the Internet Archive out of business or seriously impact its
       | ability to operate?
        
         | leotravis10 wrote:
         | I feel that if they lose, they'll be nearing death's door as it
         | would open up to even more lawsuits (they're already fighting
         | the record labels) and I won't be surprised if various other
         | industries such as the gaming industry would file one next.
         | 
         | More here in this essay:
         | https://old.reddit.com/r/DataHoarder/comments/1bswhdj/if_the...
         | 
         | Related discussion:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39908676
        
         | mminer237 wrote:
         | This lawsuit is only about 127 books they were pirating, which
         | at the statutory $150,000 damages for willful infringement
         | would be $19 million, barring any punitive damages. That's most
         | of their revenue for a year, and several years' net income:
         | https://apps.irs.gov/pub/epostcard/cor/943242767_202112_990_...
         | 
         | The real risk is what other lawsuits this might bring on. Given
         | the Internet Archive was doing the same thing with 1.4 million
         | other books, they could potentially be liable for billions of
         | dollars if everyone jumped on this.
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | How likely is it that a "Internet Archive v2 foundation" will
           | be founded, "partner" with the Internet Archive, rescue all
           | the content, and the IA v1 is allowed to go bankrupt?
           | 
           | Because I surely won't donate money just to fund greedy
           | copyright holders, but I'd be happy to fund The Archive.
        
       | _aavaa_ wrote:
       | "At bottom, [the Internet Archive's] fair use defense rests on
       | the notion that lawfully acquiring a copyrighted print book
       | entitles the recipient to make an unauthorized copy and
       | distribute it in place of the print book, so long as it does not
       | simultaneously lend the print book. But no case or legal
       | principle supports that notion. Every authority points the other
       | direction."
       | 
       | First of all, why isn't that supported? Why shouldn't they be
       | allowed to distribute that book digitally at a 1:1 ratio?
       | 
       | Secondly, isn't this part of what their case is arguing for
       | though? Wouldn't this be the case that sets that precedent?
        
         | Dalewyn wrote:
         | See the relevant bit of the law here:
         | https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/108
         | 
         | Of particular relevance is subsection (g) which explicitly
         | states distributing the _one_ copy permitted under this law
         | multiple times simultaneously is illegal.
        
           | nadermx wrote:
           | Well, hold on. They are allowed to make one copy. Then g
           | specifically says they are allowed to distribute one copy.
           | Doesn't say it always has to be the same copy. It is in fact
           | their one copy.
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | Here's the relevant bit of subsection (g):
             | 
             | >(1)is aware or has substantial reason to believe that it
             | is engaging in the related or concerted reproduction or
             | distribution of multiple copies or phonorecords of the same
             | material, whether made on one occasion or over a period of
             | time,
             | 
             | TL;DR: If you make more than one copy of a physical copy
             | you have rights to and/or distribute that copy or copies
             | multiple times simultanenously, the protections granted by
             | this law do not apply.
             | 
             | This law only protects public libraries if they make _one
             | and only one_ copy and distribute (lend) that copy out
             | _once at a time on separate occasions_.
             | 
             | There are clauses in this law permitting up to three copies
             | in other circumstances, but those are not immediately
             | relevant for this conversation.
        
           | _aavaa_ wrote:
           | The section I quoted from the article (which is a direct
           | quotes from the ruling) makes it sound like it's illegal
           | regardless of the number of simultaneous copies being
           | distributed, while your link explicitly states that 1:1 is
           | legal.
           | 
           | So I'm a bit confused.
        
             | thenewnewguy wrote:
             | My understanding is that the original Internet Archive
             | library worked under the 1:1 lending theory. Then, during
             | COVID, they decided to open up what they called the
             | "National Emergency Library", offering unlimited copies of
             | the books, which is why the lawsuit happened.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | How can there be so many rich tech people and none willing to be
       | patrons for this?
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Why make a big donation now? Chances are it will only end up in
         | Hachette's pocket.
        
         | jazzyjackson wrote:
         | they don't need more money, they need someone else's legal
         | advice than their current counsel
        
           | lucb1e wrote:
           | I wonder, if you averaged the HN comment thread at the time
           | and took that as legal advice (or even better, if they had
           | announced it and then waited with publishing all those books
           | until there were 24h worth of comments and then used _that_
           | as legal advice whether to go through with it), if they 'd be
           | in a better position now
        
         | imiric wrote:
         | Rich tech people didn't get rich by fighting for just causes,
         | and against the interest of other rich corporations. There's no
         | money or prestige in backing IA.
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | I love IA but honestly they're almost not a library anymore. You
       | can find entire ROMsets for a lot of consoles for games that are
       | still being commercially sold both physically and digitally, you
       | can download without any kinds of restrictions (no attempts at
       | controlled digital lending or anything like it), and without
       | having to see a bunch of ads for "Horny and Single MILFS in your
       | area".
       | 
       | You can also download full TV series that are currently still
       | available on Netflix and full movies and lots of other stuff. I'm
       | all for archiving, and I think they'd have a case if this were
       | Abandonware or Lost Media, but I fear that a lot of stuff on
       | there simply isn't and their ambivalence towards flagrant abuses
       | of copyright is going to get them repeatedly sued.
       | 
       | It's annoying, because IA is a wonderful resource and it would be
       | a shame if they get sued out of existence.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Even though I think it was foolish, I do kind of understand the
         | logic.
         | 
         | The IA wants to preserve digital media. Sometimes it's a
         | website, sometimes it's a CD, sometimes it's a ROM image, and
         | sometimes it's a scan of paper.
         | 
         | In the end though, I don't think it's the archiving part that
         | got them in trouble. It was providing access to that archive.
        
           | tombert wrote:
           | Yeah, I mean, if they just had an archived ISO of every PS3
           | game in existence sitting on hard drives in the back, I don't
           | think that would be a problem and I doubt that would get them
           | sued because I think that would likely fall under fair use,
           | especially for a library (IANAL), especially if they had
           | purchased legitimate copies of the games and/or had them
           | donated.
           | 
           | In fact, I suspect that if they did some kind of controlled
           | lending program of the PS3 games, or the ISO was available to
           | use upon request (e.g. like the US library of congress), that
           | likely wouldn't get them sued either, but as it stands I'm
           | not seeing a fundamental difference between IA and
           | ThePirateBay, sans the lack of viruses and popups from the
           | former.
        
             | troupe wrote:
             | > (e.g. like the US library of congress)
             | 
             | Does the LoC do something like this?
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | https://blogs.loc.gov/thesignal/2012/09/yes-the-library-
               | of-c...
        
               | troupe wrote:
               | The relevant sentence from the link: I would very much
               | like to reach the point where we are able to provide
               | access to some digital surrogate of the game while
               | keeping the original disc in storage in the same way that
               | we provide access to digital surrogates of our film and
               | video collection fiberoptically to terminals in the
               | Moving Image reading room.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | Even if they can't figure out a way to do that, the
               | material should become freely available after copyright
               | expires. It might take 120 years for that to happen, but
               | better late than never.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | I've never done it, but I believe the answer is "yes". I
               | believe you can go to the physical library of congress
               | and view their archived media. I don't believe you can
               | check it out or distribute it without the copyright
               | holders permission, but I think you can view it while
               | you're there.
               | 
               | Again, never done it, only seen stuff in YouTube videos,
               | and not even recently.
        
             | gs17 wrote:
             | > In fact, I suspect that if they did some kind of
             | controlled lending program of the PS3 games, or the ISO was
             | available to use upon request (e.g. like the US library of
             | congress), that likely wouldn't get them sued either,
             | 
             | And if they really want to push the boundaries of format
             | shifting and copyright, this would be a more productive
             | avenue for it. Some physical libraries have games already,
             | why not a digital one?
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | Yep, completely agree.
               | 
               | My local library has video games to borrow; I've never
               | done it but I have no doubt that the NYPL has done their
               | due diligence to avoid getting sued.
               | 
               | A "format-shift" is kind of untested ground legally and I
               | think a consequence of how IA is doing stuff is going to
               | lead to some really bad legal precedent that might take
               | decades to undo.
        
           | AshamedCaptain wrote:
           | No -- they are allowing unrestricted uploads where they do
           | almost no pruning of anysort. Random 3rd parties are
           | uploading whatever they want. Some from the usenet warez
           | scene have even starting migrating towards archive.org .
           | 
           | They have become a megaupload.com site of shorts with
           | slightly better reputation.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | I suspect they're going to be forced to implement some kind
             | of YouTube-esque Content ID system, or risk being sued out
             | of existence.
             | 
             | Data harboring laws protect them a bit, they have some
             | level plausible deniability, but I think that only gets
             | them so far; surely they know at least as well as _I_ know
             | how easy it is to get pirated media. The engineers who work
             | on IA aren 't morons, and they certainly know how to Google
             | just as well as me, not to mention that they have access to
             | internal databases that I don't.
             | 
             | It's even better than Megaupload; there's no ads on IA. No
             | popups, no banners, AFAIK no tracking, everything has a
             | torrentable version with a guarantee of at least one seed;
             | hell it's still kind of SFW; it wouldn't be an inherent red
             | flag to my employer if they saw Internet Archive in my
             | history on a work computer.
        
             | DoItToMe81 wrote:
             | No, they aren't. They actively remove content that has been
             | subject to a legitimate takedown request. As has been the
             | case many times when I've tried to use them for piracy.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | If you haven't been able to use them for piracy then
               | you're not trying terribly hard. I downloaded a game
               | directly from IA that's still actively being sold
               | yesterday.
               | 
               | I don't doubt that they respond to takedown requests, I
               | just think they need to be more proactive about stuff.
        
       | 0xedd wrote:
       | Disgusting world we're hurling towards.
        
         | anononaut wrote:
         | I've been saying this for thousands of years.
        
       | sam1r wrote:
       | I truly enjoyed the authors' tone throughout. It felt like a
       | condensed drama / saga.
       | 
       | Can't wait to hear what happens next!
        
       | RecycledEle wrote:
       | Those who destroy The Internet Archive must live in our memories.
        
       | nadermx wrote:
       | The thing that everyone seems to be glossing over, is the
       | internet archive is in fact a none profit. This gives them a very
       | different angel in their appeal.
        
       | geye1234 wrote:
       | Should I assume that this latest tilt at a windmill is going to
       | cause IA to get decapitated by a blade, and start preparing for a
       | world without the Wayback Machine and the other legally non-
       | controversial bits of IA?
       | 
       | Is it too late for them to turn back from this craziness and
       | settle out of court for a non-fatal amount?
        
         | favorited wrote:
         | > Is it too late for them to turn back from this craziness and
         | settle out of court for a non-fatal amount?
         | 
         | They have already done so. Part of that settlement allowed them
         | to appeal the result, which is what this is.
        
       | sourcepluck wrote:
       | The discussion here makes for tawdry reading I must say. If the
       | relatively technologically capable are apparently predominantly
       | convinced now that copying a file is the same as stealing a
       | physical good then the Internet Archive is already in bad shape.
        
       | gojomo wrote:
       | From the headline to the details, this is a deeply misinformed
       | take on the arguments, current case status, & possible outcomes.
       | 
       | "Save itself"?
       | 
       | Despite occasional prior histrionic kayfabe about "IA in
       | existential danger" in the media (& HN threads) - sometimes
       | fanned by the IA's supporters themselves - that's never been the
       | real stakes.
       | 
       | For the serious librarians, publishing businesspeople, and
       | lawyers involved, this has been about legal clarity for a gray
       | area at the intersection of copyright, fair use, & traditional
       | rights of first-sale and library practices. It's not really about
       | damages, nor the IA's (or traditional publishers') existence.
       | Instead: the principles controlling what's allowable going
       | forward.
       | 
       | To that end, per Wikipedia, as of _eight months ago_ (August
       | 2023), the lawsuit parties already reached  & had the court
       | approve a negotiated settlement that caps the potential costs to
       | the IA at a survivable level, & sets ground rules for future
       | similar e-book activities that the Hachette et al (4 major
       | publishers) plaintiffs and AAP (publishers' trade group) find
       | acceptable. But further: this mutual settlement permits IA to
       | continue its legal appeal on the principles involved.
       | 
       | From <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hachette_v._Internet_Archive#
       | F...>:
       | 
       |  _> On August 11, 2023, the parties reached a negotiated
       | judgment. The agreement prescribes a permanent injunction against
       | the Internet Archive preventing it from distributing the
       | plaintiffs ' books, except those for which no e-book is currently
       | available,[3] as well as an undisclosed payment to the
       | plaintiffs.[25][26] The agreement also preserves the right for
       | the Internet Archive to appeal the previous ruling.[25][26]_
       | 
       | That is: the publishers were never b-movie villains trying to
       | destroy a public resource; the IA was never reckless anarchists
       | gambling all its other programs for a quixotic legal precedent.
       | They were all adults with a legitimate legal dispute about what's
       | allowed, seeking a clear definitive resolution in the culturally-
       | appropriate manner.
       | 
       | And via the settlement and appeal, the parties are still working
       | out the issues.
       | 
       | This author misdescribes the IA as "a profitable enterprise
       | (bringing in between $20 and $30 million per year) that is on the
       | verge of a potentially devastating legal ruling which could put
       | [it] out of business". But IA is a non-profit, arguing for a
       | mission-critical principle - a principle which is a plausible
       | extrapolation of existing fair-use rights and library/IA
       | practices into a new domain. And it's doing so _with explicit
       | permission under the existing settlement_ , capping financial
       | risks far below any existential risk.
       | 
       | This author further deceptively excerpts IA's central argument as
       | being just "Controlled digital lending is not equivalent to
       | posting an ebook online for anyone to read". Against this, the
       | author writes, essentially, "nuh-uh, that's exactly what they
       | did".
       | 
       | In fact the full necessary context of IA's argument is:
       | 
       |  _> First, Publishers disregard the key feature of controlled
       | digital lending: the controls that ensure borrowing a book
       | digitally adheres to the same owned-to-loaned ratio inherent in
       | borrowing a book physically. Publishers repeatedly compare IA's
       | lending to inapposite practices that lack this key feature.
       | Controlled digital lending is not equivalent to posting an ebook
       | online for anyone to read or copy (contra Resp.Br. 27) or to
       | peer-to-peer file-sharing by companies like Napster (contra
       | Resp.Br. 5). Neither practice is based on use of a library's
       | lawfully acquired physical copy, and neither ensures that only
       | the one person entitled to borrow the book (or recording) can
       | access it at a time. Controlled digital lending is also distinct
       | from the digital resale considered in Capitol Records, LLC v.
       | ReDigi, Inc., 910 F.3d 649 (2d Cir. 2018). Contra Resp.Br. 35.
       | The former's purpose is nonprofit library lending, while the
       | latter's was commercial resale. Controlled digital lending is
       | fair use, even if these other practices are not._
       | 
       | That is: the heart of IA argument is that its "controlled digital
       | lending" practices were technologically limited in purpose and
       | duration to be like libraries' other traditional legal reuses of
       | owned works. (Typically, this meant maintaining the 1:1 physical-
       | copy-to-leant-ebook ratio, but even under the temporary "National
       | Emergency Library" program, it meant no permanent unrestricted
       | copies were created - all rights-managed borrowings could and did
       | expire when the crisis ended and normal book sources reopened.)
       | 
       | This author's manipulative clipping distorts the IA's filing into
       | a strawman not matching the actual arguments advanced.
        
         | squigz wrote:
         | > preventing it from distributing the plaintiffs' books, except
         | those for which no e-book is currently available
         | 
         | Wait. Does this mean the IA can't lend books that the
         | publishers currently sell ebooks for?
        
       | Giorgi wrote:
       | Copyright is outdated and needs to be canceled, as well as patent
       | system and everything that restricts mankind's free access to the
       | information.
        
       | GrantMoyer wrote:
       | Regardless of the legal merits of the Internet Archive's case,
       | and regardless of Hachette Book Group's insistence otherwise,
       | it's clear from Hachette's arguments and public statements that
       | they would be happiest if public libraries altogether didn't
       | exist and fair use was erased from law.
       | 
       | And regardless of what the law _is_ , the Internet Archive an
       | other libraries _should_ be allowed to lend out a digitized copy
       | of a physical book they own while the physical book is not in use
       | (i.e. controlled digital lending). This is especially true for
       | books without an official digital edition. Hachette doesn 't want
       | this, because they want to extract as much revenue from libraries
       | as possible through continuing subscription fees for digital
       | catalogs.
       | 
       | Finally, while I agree that the Internet Archive's arguments that
       | the National Emergency Library's unlimited lending should be fair
       | use were always tenuous, I'm still saddened that the arguments
       | failed, and think the precedent their failure sets is much worse
       | for society than the precedent from their success would have
       | been.
        
       | Udo wrote:
       | Hopefully in the far future the IA will be distributed over many
       | individual user nodes, but that doesn't seem feasible right now.
       | What we need right now are 2-4 high powered individuals or
       | companies building local mirrors. Hopefully the IA would
       | cooperate in setting these up. These mirror organizations should
       | be distributed around the globe in different jurisdictions, and
       | they need to take the negative lessons from IA into account: for
       | example, they should probably be structured such that the legally
       | precarious data-serving arm is a different entity from the
       | organization that owns the server space.
       | 
       | We absolutely need this kind of resilience, and we need it now.
       | Otherwise this time will retroactively be dubbed the digital dark
       | ages because so very little information actually survived and
       | made it out.
       | 
       | Someone in this thread was estimating about USD 2M investment in
       | hardware, then 1M facilities and a small team of people for
       | initial setup, plus connectivity costs and maintenance - let's
       | say 4M initially and about 1M ongoing costs yearly. A single
       | wealthy individual could fund one of these sites. You don't even
       | have to be "rich" to fund this, being well off would be enough.
       | 
       | If you fit this description and you're feeling altruistic or are
       | looking for a lasting legacy that will benefit humanity far into
       | the future, use a portion of your capital to make this happen.
        
       | ethanholt1 wrote:
       | If this makes the IA website go down, we are going to lose so
       | much important internet history. For example, Garry's Mod
       | recently had almost all of its Nintendo addons taken down, and
       | they were republished on the IA. So if we lose the IA, we might
       | honestly lose quite a lot of preserved media, between games,
       | videos, audio, and everything else.
        
       | lucb1e wrote:
       | "last-ditch effort to save itself" is the title, "things aren't
       | looking good for the Internet's archivist" the subtitle. But no
       | mention of what losing the lawsuit actually means for IA: is it
       | actually existential as the title and subtitle are alluding to?
       | That's the only thing I care about if we assume (1) the IA is
       | important and (2) they're gonna lose, both of which I think
       | virtually everyone thinks are realistic statements. Bit
       | disappointed by the article because it's rehashing what we know
       | 
       | Edit: found the answer
       | 
       | > per Wikipedia, as of eight months ago (August 2023), the
       | lawsuit parties already reached & had the court approve a
       | negotiated settlement that caps the potential costs to the IA at
       | a survivable level
       | 
       | ^from another comment,
       | <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40203627>, nearly at the
       | very bottom of the thread (perhaps because it looks like a wall
       | of text at first glance? But the most important info is first).
       | Thanks, gojomo!
       | 
       | I just hope this appeal cannot make it worse than it is. Sounds
       | like it will soon again be a good time to donate to the IA: they
       | survive, plaintiffs see there is nothing more to take, then we
       | fund their regular operations and hope for no more "emergency"
       | ideas
        
         | dada78641 wrote:
         | > I just hope this appeal cannot make it worse than it is
         | 
         | It cannot. The IA already basically got the worst possible
         | judgment.
         | 
         | This is also not an existential threat to the IA, and payment
         | has already been agreed upon. The reporting on this is
         | extremely sensationalist.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | > and payment has already been agreed upon
           | 
           | Why bother appealing then? Seems to just be wasting lawyers
           | fees on both sides.
        
       | uuddlrlrbaba wrote:
       | Maybe instead of paying lawyers to enforce copyright these corps
       | should pay the authors more.
       | 
       | Its so frustrating that copyright claims provide riches to the
       | middlemen while buyers/consumers and authors/artists get screwed
       | over again and again.
        
       | fb03 wrote:
       | Can't read the article because blocked in my country (Brazil) for
       | some reason (legal demands) ;-(
        
       | stavros wrote:
       | I wanted to write a piece of FOSS that would allow dissemination
       | of a large dataset. It would basically work kind of like a
       | torrent swarm, you'd have a "tracker" (the Internet Archive)
       | deciding what it wants each person to store (usually the rarest
       | content would get stored preferentially), and the user could say
       | "I want to donate 2 TB of space to the Internet Archive" and
       | would download whatever files the IA thought were most at risk of
       | being lost.
       | 
       | This would have the added benefit that, if the IA went down, the
       | public could reconstruct (some of) the dataset from this swarm.
       | 
       | I spoke to a few archiving organizations about whether they'd
       | find it useful, but there wasn't much interest. Too bad, I think
       | a lot of people would like to donate some disk space right about
       | now.
        
       | throwaway48476 wrote:
       | It's surprisingto me the internet archive isn't rakimg in the
       | money selling AI training data. There are so many quality
       | resources that aren't available on the internet anymore and
       | aren't discoverable.
        
       | Iris2645 wrote:
       | A bit obvious that hosting this sort of service in the U.S would
       | have bad consequences.
        
       | CivBase wrote:
       | There is another story on the HN front page about the FCC fining
       | wireless carriers for sharing location data. Someone left a
       | comment comparing the fine for each carrier to their yearly
       | revenue. The biggest fine was for only 0.1% of the carrier's
       | yearly revenue.
       | 
       | What the Internet Archive did was obviously illegal, no matter
       | how well intentioned, and I'm disappointed in how they've handled
       | the situation. But what those carriers did is arguably much worse
       | in regards to the public good. So why is the IA looking at its
       | potential end while those carriers receive wrist slaps?
        
       | apgwoz wrote:
       | I recently read an article (can't find it, but similar to this:
       | https://blog.reedsy.com/how-much-do-authors-make/) which pointed
       | out that the publishing industry is very similar to Venture
       | Capital where 1 hit pays for a ton of the other books that sell
       | at most 1000s of copies.
       | 
       | So, if you make books available for free, with unlimited copies,
       | the publisher never gets their advance back, never funds the next
       | hit, etc, etc, etc.
       | 
       | I'm all for freedom for information, but unless we can come up
       | with a distribution model that ensures authors actually get
       | paid... I've gotta side with the publishers here. They gotta pay
       | the authors somehow.
        
       | daniel31x13 wrote:
       | Try Linkwarden - https://linkwarden.app
       | 
       | - Preserve bookmarks by capturing a screenshot of the saved page.
       | 
       | - Open-source and fully self-hostable.
       | 
       | - Support for collaborative bookmarking.
       | 
       | P.S. I'm the maintainer of the project.
        
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       (page generated 2024-04-29 23:01 UTC)