[HN Gopher] Cheyenne Super Computer Auction
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Cheyenne Super Computer Auction
        
       Author : zrules
       Score  : 157 points
       Date   : 2024-04-29 12:10 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (gsaauctions.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (gsaauctions.gov)
        
       | bketelsen wrote:
       | Imagine a Beowulf cluster of these.
       | 
       | Sorry I couldn't resist.
        
         | Isamu wrote:
         | You forgot to say First Post!
        
       | Isamu wrote:
       | >Components of the Cheyenne Supercomputer
       | 
       | Installed Configuration: SGI ICE(tm) XA.
       | 
       | E-Cells: 14 units weighing 1500 lbs. each.
       | 
       | E-Racks: 28 units, all water-cooled
       | 
       | Nodes: 4,032 dual socket units configured as quad-node blades
       | 
       | Processors: 8,064 units of E5-2697v4 (18-core, 2.3 GHz base
       | frequency, Turbo up to 3.6GHz, 145W TDP)
       | 
       | Total Cores: 145,152
       | 
       | Memory: DDR4-2400 ECC single-rank, 64 GB per node, with 3 High
       | Memory E-Cells having 128GB per node, totaling 313,344 GB
       | 
       | Topology: EDR Enhanced Hypercube
       | 
       | IB Switches: 224 units
       | 
       | Moving this system necessitates the engagement of a professional
       | moving company. Please note the four (4) attached documents
       | detailing the facility requirements and specifications will be
       | provided. Due to their considerable weight, the racks require
       | experienced movers equipped with proper Professional Protection
       | Equipment (PPE) to ensure safe handling. The purchaser assumes
       | responsibility for transferring the racks from the facility onto
       | trucks using their equipment.
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | I can find a bunch of the E5-2697v4 CPUs on eBay in the $30-40
         | range.
         | 
         | I wonder if there is a market for the SGI hardware.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | So getting 8,064 of them for $3,085 - 38 cents per CPU - is
           | great value for money!
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | Dump 8,064 old processors on eBay and you'll probably
             | introduce some downwards price pressure.
        
             | jazzyjackson wrote:
             | this is basically "free grand piano" - not so free once you
             | hire the movers and tuners
        
             | jeremyjh wrote:
             | That's just the current bid and it hasn't met the reserve.
        
           | Locutus_ wrote:
           | There is, but really only for the MIPS hardware.
        
         | mk_stjames wrote:
         | Given that the individual nodes are just x86_64 Xeons and run
         | linux... it would be interesting to part it out for sale as
         | individual, but functional, nodes to people. There are a lot of
         | people would like to have a ~2016 era watercooled 1U server
         | from a supercomputer that was once near the top of the Top500
         | just to show to people.
         | 
         | Get little commemorative plaques for each one and sell for $200
         | each or so.
         | 
         | edit: it seems each motehrboard is a dual CPU board and so
         | there are 4032 nodes, but the nodes are in blades that likely
         | need their rack for power. But I think individual cabinets
         | would be cool to own.
         | 
         | There are 144 nodes per cabinet... so 28 cabinets. I'd pay a
         | fair amount just to own a cabinet to stick in my garage if I
         | was near there.
        
           | chasil wrote:
           | These are blades, so there is probably some kind of container
           | chassis required to run them.
           | 
           | Using them as desktop PCs would likely be a challenge.
        
           | electroly wrote:
           | The individual servers are not watercooled. The compute racks
           | are air-cooled; the adjacent cooling racks then exchange that
           | heat using the building's chilled water. It's the rack as a
           | whole that is watercooled. If you extract a single node, you
           | won't get any of that. As the other commenters also point
           | out, these are blades; you can't run an individual node by
           | itself.
        
           | fnord77 wrote:
           | I don't think there's that big of a market for obsolete
           | server pieces as nostalgia...
           | 
           | But you could probably make a decent profit on just the CPUs
           | alone parted out, even with the moving/handling costs.
        
         | unnouinceput wrote:
         | >...totaling 313,344 GB
         | 
         | Can you imagine the RAMDisk? Yes, you can. Especially in 20
         | years when it will be the norm. And also the Windows version
         | that will require half of it in order to run /s
        
         | christkv wrote:
         | Does it come with a portable nuclear reactor to power it?
        
         | CalRobert wrote:
         | Is it not "Personal" protective equipment?
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_protective_equipment
        
       | queuebert wrote:
       | I wonder who buys these. Crypto miners? My institution would make
       | it nearly impossible to buy a secondhand supercomputer.
        
         | h2odragon wrote:
         | Recyclers.
        
           | sambull wrote:
           | any I've dealt with definitely wouldn't touch the 'you need
           | to hire professional movers costing you $10k's of dollars to
           | get it out of the facility' stipulation - they seem to prefer
           | the 'where's the location of the storage shed' situation.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | There's 8,064 E5-2697v4's in this. Those go on ebay for
             | ~$50/ea. That's $400,000 of just CPUs to sell.
             | 
             | If the winning bid is $100k, you spend $40k to move it out
             | of there, another $10k warehousing it while selling
             | everything on ebay, and you're still up $250k on the
             | processors alone.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | > That's $400,000 of just CPUs to sell.
               | 
               | But do you crater the market for those CPUs? What's the
               | demand for 2016-era Xeons and how much of their price
               | comes down to supply?
        
               | ansible wrote:
               | I _presume_ no one is building new motherboards for those
               | processors either. While there is old stock laying
               | around, you really need to run those systems close to as-
               | is for them to be useful.
        
               | pantalaimon wrote:
               | > I presume no one is building new motherboards for those
               | processors either
               | 
               | That's actually far from the truth, LGA2011 is quite
               | popular as a budged gaming system precicely because CPUs
               | are so cheap on the 2nd hand market.
               | 
               | https://aliexpress.com/w/wholesale-X99.html
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | These are high spec cpus for the socket though. Lots of
               | room for people with compatible boards that want to
               | upgrade.
               | 
               | There's a lot of low budget hosting with old Xeon systems
               | (I'm paying $30/month for a dual westmere system; but
               | I've seen plenty of offers on newer gear); you can still
               | do a lot with an 18 core Broadwell, if the power is
               | cheap.
        
               | alchemist1e9 wrote:
               | And how much labor costs to earn that $250K? Once that is
               | factored in, I'm guessing fair price is zero or negative.
               | 
               | Plus knowing a bit about warehouse costs ... your $10K is
               | a bit on the low side don't you think?
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It's for the processors alone - a scrapping company
               | dedicated to this stuff would be able to actualize more
               | from other components - and they often have warehouse
               | space available that they already own.
               | 
               | Let's come back and see if the auction failed; I doubt it
               | will.
        
         | bragr wrote:
         | There's a whole sub-industry of people bidding on government
         | auctions in order to part out the stuff. I'd be pretty
         | surprised if the whole cluster got reassembled. But people on a
         | budget will buy those compute nodes, someone trying to keep
         | their legacy IB network will snap up those switches, the racks,
         | etc.
        
           | gabrielhidasy wrote:
           | r/homelab will have a field-day getting those nodes up, some
           | people will want just one for practicality, some people will
           | want at least a couple and a IB switch just for the novelty
           | of it.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | I can't imagine anyone from r/homelab has an SGI 8600
             | E-cell laying around that they could slap these blades
             | into.
        
               | gh02t wrote:
               | I _can_ imagine it, some people on there are ridiculous,
               | but yeah in my experience these supercomputer nodes are a
               | lot more integrated /proprietary than most standard
               | server hardware. It's not straightforward to just boot
               | one up without all the support infrastructure. I'd assume
               | they'd mostly be torn down and parted out.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | You might be surprised - _because_ they 're pretty custom
               | they are often "more open" than you might expect; as long
               | as you have the connectors you can often get things
               | running _something_. Sometimes they have bog-standard
               | features present on the boards, just not enabled, etc.
               | 
               | It's the commoditized blade servers, etc that are
               | stripped down to what they need to run and nothing more.
        
               | gh02t wrote:
               | Oh I'm speaking from experience with the SGI
               | supercomputer blades. They're pretty wacky, 4x
               | independent, dual cpu boards per blade and all sorts of
               | weird connectors and cooling and management interfaces.
               | Custom, centralized liquid cooling that requires a
               | separate dedicated cooling rack unit and heat exchanger,
               | funky power delivery with 3 phase, odd networking
               | topologies, highly integrated cluster management software
               | to run them etc. I'm not sure if they have any sort of
               | software locks on top of that, but I would bet they do
               | and presumably NCAR wipes all of them so you likely won't
               | have the software/licenses.
               | 
               | I dug up a link to some of the technical documentation
               | https://irix7.com/techpubs/007-6399-001.pdf . Probably
               | someone can get it working, but I imagine whoever is
               | going to go through the hassle of buying this whole many-
               | ton supercomputer is planning to just strip it down and
               | sell the parts.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Yeah the licensing is often the stumbling block, unless
               | you can just run some bog-standard linux on it. It sounds
               | like this might be custom enough that it would be
               | difficult (but I daresay we'll see a post in 5 years from
               | someone getting part of it running after finding it on
               | the side of the road).
        
               | gh02t wrote:
               | Ultimately SGI was running Linux and AFAIK the actual
               | hardware isn't using any secret sauce driver code, so
               | yeah if you can get it powered on without it bursting in
               | flames and get past the management locks you can probably
               | get it working. It's definitely not impossible if you can
               | somehow assemble the pieces.
        
         | lawlessone wrote:
         | >Crypto miners?
         | 
         | I think mining crypto with these would burn far too much energy
         | compared to the ASICS in use.
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | Crypto is no longer mined commercially with GPU type compute.
         | When ETH switched to PoS, it decimated the entire GPU mining
         | industry. It is no longer profitable. The only people doing it
         | now are hobbyists.
        
         | jfkfif wrote:
         | Academic departments with low budgets and cheap electricity who
         | can make due with old CPUs
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | I wonder what the point of liquid cooling such a system was. Were
       | they pressed for space?
        
         | Galatians4_16 wrote:
         | Built in a bunker under a mountain, so reduced airflow, plus
         | need to hide heat signatures from outside surveillance?
         | 
         | Also, likely they had infrastructure available, from the
         | nuclear power they use.
        
           | eptcyka wrote:
           | Doesn't matter what conductor you use to move heat, the same
           | amount of energy will have to be dispersed. And watercooling
           | just implies more intermediate steps between the heatshield
           | of the die and air. So I don't believe the heat signatures
           | can really be helped.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | This is a weather supercomputer, not a defense one.
        
           | kimmeld wrote:
           | Cheyenne Wyoming not Cheyenne mountain.
        
         | calaphos wrote:
         | Has been really common in HPC for quite a while. I presume the
         | higher interconnect/network of hpc favour the higher density of
         | liquid cooling. Hardware utilization is also higher compared to
         | normal datacenters, so the additional efficiency vs air cooling
         | is more useful.
        
         | convolvatron wrote:
         | for large machines the air setup is really less efficient and
         | takes up alot of space. you end up building a big room with a
         | pressurized floor which is completely ringed by large ac units.
         | you have to move alot of air through the floor bringing it up
         | through the cabinets and back through to the acs. its also a
         | big control systems problem, you need to get the air through
         | the cabinets evenly, so you need variable speed fans or
         | controlled ducts..and those need to be adaptive but not
         | oscillate.
         | 
         | with a water cooled setup you can move alot more heat through
         | your pipes just be increasing flow rate. so you need pumps
         | instead of fans. and now your machine room isn't a mini-
         | hurricane, and you can more flexibly deal with the waste heat.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | The heat's going to be leaving the building in liquid-filled
         | pipes, however you architect it. And with 1.7MW of peak power
         | consumption, a nontrivial amount of liquid.
         | 
         | It's just a question of whether you want to add air and
         | refrigerant into the mix.
         | 
         | It seems they're decommissioning it partly due to "faulty quick
         | disconnects causing water spray" though, so an air cooling
         | stage would have had its benefits...
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | > The heat's going to be leaving the building in liquid-
           | filled pipes
           | 
           | In the right climate, and the right power density, you can
           | use outside air for cooling, at least part of the time.
           | Unlikely at this scale of machine, but there was a lot of
           | work towards datacenter siting in the 2010s to find places
           | were ambient cooling would significantly reduce the power
           | needed to operate.
        
       | h2odragon wrote:
       | > the system is currently experiencing maintenance limitations
       | due to faulty quick disconnects causing water spray. Given the
       | expense and downtime associated with rectifying this issue in the
       | last six months of operation, it's deemed more detrimental than
       | the anticipated failure rate of compute nodes.
       | 
       | Even the RAM has aged out...
       | 
       | Very hard to justify running any of this; newer kit pays for
       | itself in reduced power and maintenance _quick_ in comparison.
        
         | Tempest1981 wrote:
         | Are you trying to discourage others from bidding, so you can
         | swoop in and win the auction?
        
           | h2odragon wrote:
           | nah, i already have far more junk computers than i need.
           | 
           | I lusted after a Cray T3E once that I coulda had for $1k and
           | trucking it across TN and NC; but even then I couldn't have
           | run it. I'm two miles away from 3 phase power and even then
           | couldn't have justified the power budget. At the time a
           | slightly less scrap UltraSPARC 6k beat it up on running costs
           | even with higher initial costs so i went with that instead. I
           | did find a bunch of Alphas to do the byte swizzling tho. Ex
           | "Titanic" render farm nodes.
           | 
           | I've been away from needing low budget big compute for a
           | while, but having spent a few years watching the space i
           | still can't help but go "ooo neat" and wonder what i could do
           | with it.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_T3E
        
       | RobotToaster wrote:
       | Is this what they used to run the stargate?
        
         | monocasa wrote:
         | This is from Cheyenne, Wyoming, not Cheyenne Mountain (in
         | Colorado Springs).
        
       | brianhorakh wrote:
       | This is Wopr! How about a nice game of chess?
        
         | bibliotekka wrote:
         | the only winning move is not to play
        
       | Workaccount2 wrote:
       | For those curious, Cheyenne is a supercomputer from 2016/2017
       | that launched on the 20th spot in the top500 super computers. It
       | was decommissioned in 2023 after pandemic lead to a two year
       | operation extension.
       | 
       | It has a peak compute of 5.34 petaflops, 313TB of memory, and
       | gobbles 1.7MW.
        
         | observationist wrote:
         | In comparison, 18 A100 GPUs would have 5.6 petaflops and 1.4 TB
         | vram, consuming 5.6 kw.
         | 
         | The speed of processing and interconnect is orders of magnitude
         | faster for an A100 cluster - 1 8 gpu pod server will cost
         | around $200k, so around $600k more or less beats the
         | supercomputer performance (price I'm searching seems wildly
         | variable, please correct me if I'm wrong.)
        
           | martinpw wrote:
           | The supercomputer flops are FP64. The A100 stats you are
           | using are FP16.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | It's fine. We will simply run weather forecast in BF16 mode
             | and hallucinate the weather.
        
               | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
               | weather forecasting is actually moving to reduced
               | precision. none of the input data is known to more than a
               | few digits, and it's a chaotic system so the numerical
               | error is usually dominated by the modeling and spacial
               | discretization error
        
               | dgacmu wrote:
               | Introducing our next supercomputer, Peyote.
        
           | mk_stjames wrote:
           | The Cheyenne numbers are 5.34 petaflops of *FP64*.
           | 
           | The 5.6PF you quote for 18 A100's would be in BF16. Not
           | comparable.
           | 
           | The A100 can only do 9.746 TFLOPS in FP64.
           | 
           | So you would need 548 A100's to match the FP64 performance of
           | the Cheyenne.
        
             | observationist wrote:
             | Thanks, glad you guys caught that - could be generous and
             | allow the tensor core tflops, since you'd more than likely
             | be using a100 pods for something cuda optimized, in which
             | case 19.5 tflops fp64 at peak per GPU, roughly 267 would be
             | needed, or 34 pods, at $6.8 million, with 21.76 TB vram and
             | 81 kw power consumption.
             | 
             | Double those for raw fp64.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | AMD MI300x is 163.4 TFLOPS in FP64.
             | 
             | 33 of them, which would also have 6,336TB of memory.
             | 
             | I'll have way more than that in my next purchase order.
             | 
             | It is really fun to build a super computer.
        
               | mk_stjames wrote:
               | I'm an amateur, but I have code that I think could
               | probably dispatch threads pretty efficiently on the
               | Cheyenne thru it's management system simply because it's
               | all xeons distributed. If I can run it on my personal
               | 80-core cluster, I could get it to run on Cheyenne back
               | then.
               | 
               | But hitting the roofline on those AMD GPGPU's? I'd
               | probably get nowhere fucking close.
               | 
               | That is the thing that Cheyenne was built for. People
               | doing CFD research with x86 code that was already nicely
               | parallelized via OpenMPI or whathaveyou.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | It is wild how much compute has grown.
               | 
               | I put dual Epyc 9754 into my first box of MI300x.
               | 
               | That's 256 cores + 8x MI300x, in a single box.
               | 
               | Agreed, it is a great solution for CFD, which is
               | definitely one workload I'd love to host.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I used to build small clusters and use supercomputers and
               | I can't imagine it's fun to build a super computer. It
               | requires a massive infrastructure and significant
               | employee base, and individual component failures can take
               | down entire jobs. Finding enough jobs to keep the system
               | loaded 24/7 while also keeping the interconnect (which
               | was 15-20% of the total system cost) busy, and finding
               | the folks who can write such jobs, is not easy. Even
               | then, other systems will be constantly nipping at your
               | heels with newer/cheaper/smaller/faster/cooler hardware.
        
             | jjtheblunt wrote:
             | also, comparing SIMD with cheyenne is misleading
        
             | nickpsecurity wrote:
             | Also, supercomputers usually use general-purpose nodes
             | supported by many standard tools, multiple methods of
             | parallelization, and (for open standards) maybe multi-
             | vendor. I imagine this one is much more flexible than
             | A100's.
        
         | Netcob wrote:
         | Aw man... I was going to use it for my homelab but that's
         | 1696320W more than I can supply. Well... maybe if I use two
         | plugs instead of one...
        
           | DonHopkins wrote:
           | Bet it runs warm. The cat will love sitting on it.
        
         | buescher wrote:
         | It was at #160 in 2023 when it was decommissioned.
        
       | seaourfreed wrote:
       | The only problem is that the super computer keeps outputing "WANT
       | TO PLAY A GAME?"
        
         | simonerlic wrote:
         | A strange game; the only winning move is not to play
        
       | 082349872349872 wrote:
       | Hence my simple theory of aesthetics:
       | 
       | -- if the best stuff from then is still better than good stuff
       | from now, it's art
       | 
       | -- if the best stuff from then is worse than bad stuff from now,
       | it's technology
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | May I present my postmodern theory of aesthetics:
         | 
         | - If it's useful as a medium for money laundering, it's art.
         | 
         | - If it's useful as a facilitator for money laundering, it's
         | technology.
        
       | voytec wrote:
       | > It took us fifteen years and three supercomputers to MacGyver a
       | system for the gate on Earth                   Samantha Carter
        
         | isodev wrote:
         | I was just thinking how much of deep space radio telemetry this
         | super computer must have seen.
        
         | techplex wrote:
         | https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxiL2_knQQyrYUenU0PCCcZZpzfQwCq6L...
        
       | monocasa wrote:
       | It'd be great if this could end up in the hands of some group
       | like the Living Computers Museum.
        
         | pnw wrote:
         | Unfortunately LCM closed during the pandemic and laid off all
         | their staff, with no sign of reopening.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheyenne_(supercomputer)
       | 
       | > _The Cheyenne supercomputer at the NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputing
       | Center (NWSC) in Cheyenne, Wyoming began operation as one of the
       | world's most powerful and energy-efficient computers. Ranked in
       | November 2016 as the 20th most powerful computer in the world[1]
       | by Top500, the 5.34-petaflops system[2] is capable of more than
       | triple the amount of scientific computing[3] performed by NCAR's
       | previous supercomputer, Yellowstone. It also is three times more
       | energy efficient[4] than Yellowstone, with a peak computation
       | rate of more than 3 billion calculations per second for every
       | watt of energy consumed.[5]_
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | Hard to see in the low-res photos, but is that storage from
       | Supermicro?
        
       | humansareok1 wrote:
       | What's this thing actually worth? Current bid is ~3k.
        
         | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
         | Hang around for the winning bid and you'll see what it's worth
         | then.
        
           | humansareok1 wrote:
           | Auctions by default almost always undercut the actual market
           | value so no not really?
        
             | organsnyder wrote:
             | Isn't the winning bid the actual market value, by
             | definition?
        
               | humansareok1 wrote:
               | I think Auctions exist explicitly to potentially buy or
               | sell an Item with a delta on it's Market Value? I.e.
               | Buyers want the chance to buy below and sellers to sell
               | above. Neither really wants to engage in the transaction
               | at all in the reverse situation or even in the "Market
               | Value" case. You would just make a direct sale and avoid
               | the hassle of an auction.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Depends on the terms of the auction. If we take the
               | California legal definition of Fair Market Value for real
               | estate:
               | 
               | > The fair market value of the property taken is the
               | highest price on the date of valuation that would be
               | agreed to by a seller, being willing to sell but under no
               | particular or urgent necessity for so doing, nor obliged
               | to sell, and a buyer, being ready, willing, and able to
               | buy but under no particular necessity for so doing, each
               | dealing with the other with full knowledge of all the
               | uses and purposes for which the property is reasonably
               | adaptable and available.
               | 
               | A 7 day auction on a complex product like this may be a
               | little short to qualify with the necessity clauses, IMHO;
               | there's a bit too much time pressure, and not enough time
               | for a buyer to inspect and research.
        
             | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
             | My answer was a bit tongue-in-cheek, but the reality is
             | that it depends on what you mean by "market value."
             | 
             | For the market of the auction, the selling price is the
             | actual market value. Likewise, it's typically not too far
             | off the value of the item in the wider market, assuming you
             | are comparing it to a similar item in similar condition.
             | The problem is that for most items purchased at auction,
             | there's no similar item, readily available, to compare it
             | to.
             | 
             | I've won multiple items at machine-shop auctions for a
             | small fraction of their "new" price. The problem with the
             | comparison is that e.g., the Starrett dial test indicator
             | that I got for $10, and the new one that retails for around
             | $200 are hard to compare because there's no liquid market
             | for 30-year-old measuring equipment. While it's adequate
             | for my hobby machinist use, it wouldn't be acceptable in a
             | precision shop since it has no calibration history.
             | 
             | If you find an item where you can reasonably compare apples
             | to apples, e.g., a car, you see that the final price of a
             | car at auction is usually pretty close to the price of the
             | same make/model being sold on the open used market. The
             | slightly lower price of the auction car reflects the risk
             | of the repairs that might be needed.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It's exactly in this "now vs later" that resellers and
               | other brokers sit. If they know that X will sell for $Y
               | "eventually" and how long that eventually is, they can
               | work out how much they can pay for it _now_ and still
               | come out ahead.
               | 
               | Cars are very liquid and move quickly, so the now vs
               | later price is close; weird things that nobody has heard
               | of (but when they need it, they need it _NOW_ ) will have
               | a much wider variance.
        
             | jtriangle wrote:
             | The market value of something is what someone is willing to
             | pay for it.
             | 
             | Always has been, always will be.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | Remember that the buyer has to move it. If that costs $50K (no
         | idea, totally guessing) then it's currently "worth" $53K
        
       | hggh wrote:
       | Archived version:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20240429122132/https://gsaauctio...
        
       | nickpsecurity wrote:
       | My favorite part of SGI computers, like Altix and UV lines, was
       | the NUMA memory with flexible interconnect. NUMA let you program
       | a pile of CPU's more like a single-node, multithreaded system.
       | Then, the flexibility let you plug in CPU's, graphics cards, or
       | FPGA's. That's right into the low-latency, high-speed, memory
       | bus.
       | 
       | There was a company that made a card that connected AMD servers
       | like that. I don't know if such tech ever got down to commodity
       | price points. If you had Infiniband, there were also Distributed,
       | Shared Memory (DSM) libraries that simulated such machines on
       | clusters. Data locality was even more important then, though.
        
         | formerly_proven wrote:
         | Cray XT/SeaStar? iirc the interconnect ASIC pretends to be
         | another peer CPU connected via HyperTransport. HPE Flex is
         | similar, but works via QPI/UPI for Intel CPUs.
        
           | nickpsecurity wrote:
           | It was NUMAscale. It's mentioned in this article with some
           | others for comparison:
           | 
           | https://www.nextplatform.com/2015/07/16/what-if-numa-
           | scaling...
        
       | haunter wrote:
       | Never understood why can you bid below the reserve price, or more
       | like why the reserve price is hidden because the whole point that
       | they (the seller) have a price in mind they are not willing to go
       | below.
        
         | ansible wrote:
         | It is playing on the psychology of the bidders. You want the
         | bidders to be _invested_ , to want to win the auction. To
         | compete to win the prize.
         | 
         | Also, consider this: if the reserve is too high, and no one
         | bids on it, then everyone looking at it is going to wonder what
         | it is really worth. If there are several other bidders, then
         | that gives reassurance to the rest for the price they each are
         | bidding.
        
           | jeremyjh wrote:
           | Also it would give feedback to the seller that the reserve
           | may not be feasible.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | It's entirely because of human nature - you want people to get
         | invested in it, which having them bid _any_ amount does.
         | 
         | It's the same reason an auction can go _above_ the price /value
         | of the thing, because you get invested in your $x bid, so $x+5
         | doesn't seem like paying $x+5, but instead "only $5 more to
         | preserve your win" type of thing.
         | 
         | See penny auction scams - https://utahjustice.com/penny-
         | auction-scams - for an extreme example.
        
         | freetime2 wrote:
         | > a price in mind they are not willing to go below
         | 
         | I worked for an auction, and sellers accepted bids below the
         | reserve price all the time. They just want to avoid a situation
         | where an item sells at a "below market" price due to not having
         | enough bidders in attendance - e.g. a single bidder is able to
         | win the auction with a single lowball bid. If they see healthy
         | bidding activity that's often sufficient to convince them to
         | part with the item below reserve.
         | 
         | Reserve prices are annoying for buyers, but below-reserve bids
         | can provide really useful feedback for sellers.
         | 
         | We even had full-time staff whose job was to contact sellers
         | after the auction ended and try to convince them to accept a
         | below-reserve bid, or try to get the buyer and seller to meet
         | somewhere in the middle. This worked frequently enough to make
         | this the highest ROI group in our call center.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | > 8,064 units of E5-2697v4
       | 
       | Those alone are selling for about $40 on ebay.
       | 
       | Let's say you sold them for $15 each.
       | 
       | $120,000. Let's say the auction and the moving and the break down
       | costs were $20,000.
       | 
       | maybe worth it?
        
       | bastardoperator wrote:
       | Donate it to https://computerhistory.org/, assuming they want it.
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | Man, if I had the space, the money, and the means of powering it
       | I would bid on this immediately. It's so damn cool and will
       | likely end up selling for a lot less than its worth due to its
       | size.
       | 
       | I've always been fascinated by the supercomputer space, in no
       | small part because I've been sadly somewhat removed from it; the
       | SGI and Cray machines are a bit before my time, but I've always
       | looked back in wonder, thinking of how cool they might have been
       | to play with back in the 80s and 90s.
       | 
       | The closest I get to that now is occasionally getting to spin up
       | some kind of HPC cluster on a cloud provider, which is fun in its
       | own right, but I don't know, there's just something insanely cool
       | about the giant racks of servers whose sole purpose is to crunch
       | numbers [1].
       | 
       | [1] To the pendants, I know all computers' job is to crunch
       | numbers in some capacity, but a lot of computers and their
       | respective operating systems like to pretend that they don't.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | It's really hard to find a home for large, old, high-maintenance
       | technology. What do you do with a locomotive, or a Linotype? They
       | need a support facility and staff to be more than scrap. So
       | they're really cheap when available.
       | 
       | The Pacific Locomotive Association is an organization with that
       | problem. About 20 locomotives, stored at Brightside near Sunol.
       | They've been able to get about half of them working. It's all
       | volunteer. Jobs that took days in major shops take years in a
       | volunteer operation.
        
         | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
         | At the ill fated Portland TechShop I took woodworking classes
         | from a retired gentleman, who professionally was a pattern
         | maker for molding cast metal parts. This made his approach to
         | woodworking really interesting. He had a huge array of
         | freestanding sander machines, including a disc sander with more
         | than a yard diameter.
         | 
         | For anyone unfamiliar, pattern makers would make wooden model
         | versions of parts that were to be cast in metal. The pattern
         | would be used to make the mold. He could use these various
         | sanding machines to get 1/64" precision for complex geometries.
         | It was fascinating to watch how he approached things,
         | especially in comparison to modern CNC.
         | 
         | His major project outside of teaching the classes? Making
         | patterns for a local steam locomotive restoration project. He
         | had all these wooden versions of various parts of a locomotive
         | sitting around.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | Does 1/64" precision really mean anything in wood, where
           | small fluctuations in air moisture can cause > 1/64"
           | distortion? I guess it's OK if you stay within a climate
           | controlled area.
        
       | mchannon wrote:
       | I once bought a far larger supercomputer. It was 1/8 (roughly) of
       | ASCI Blue Mountain. 72 racks. Commissioned in 1998 as #1 or #2 on
       | the TOP500, officially decommissioned in 2004, purchased my 1/8
       | for $7k in ~2005.
       | 
       | Moving 72 racks was NOT easy. After paying substantial storage
       | fees, I rented a 1500sf warehouse after selling off a few of them
       | and they filled it up. Took a while to get 220V/30A service in
       | there to run just one of them for testing purposes. Installing
       | IRIX was 10x worse than any other OS. Imagine 8 CD's and you had
       | to put them each in 2x during the process. Luckily somebody
       | listed a set on eBay. SGI was either already defunct or just very
       | unfriendly to second hand owners like myself.
       | 
       | The racks ran SGI Origin 2000s with CRAYlink interlinks. Sold 'em
       | off 1-8 at a time, mainly to render farms. Toy Story had been
       | made on similar hardware. The original NFL broadcasts with that
       | magic yellow first down line were synthesized with similar
       | hardware. One customer did the opening credits for a movie with
       | one of my units.
       | 
       | I remember still having half of them around when Bitcoin first
       | came out. It never occurred to me to try to mine with them,
       | though I suspect if I'd been able to provide sufficient
       | electrical service for the remainder, Satoshi and I would've been
       | neck-and-neck for number of bitcoins in our respective wallets.
       | 
       | The whole exercise was probably worthwhile. I learned a lot, even
       | if it does feel like seven lifetimes ago.
        
         | bri3d wrote:
         | Wow, that's ridiculous. I bought two racks of Origin2000 with a
         | friend in high school and that was enough logistic overhead for
         | me! I can't imagine 72 racks!!
         | 
         | Installing IRIX doesn't require CDs; it's much, much easier
         | done over the network. Back in the day it required some
         | gymnastics to set up with a non-IRIX host, now Reanimator and
         | LOVE exist to make IRIX net install easy. There are huge SGI-
         | fan forums still active with a wealth of hardware and software
         | knowledge - SGIUG and SGInet managed to take over from nekochan
         | when it went defunct a few years ago.
         | 
         | I have two Origin 350s with 1Ghz R16ks (the last and fastest of
         | the SGI big-MIPS CPUs) which I shoehorned V12 graphics into for
         | a sort of rack-Tezro. I boot them up every so often to mess
         | with video editing stuff - Smoke/Flame/Fire/Inferno and the old
         | IRIX builds of Final Cut.
         | 
         | I think that by the time Bitcoin came out, Origin2000s would
         | have been pretty majorly outgunned for Bitcoin mining or any
         | kind of compute task. They were interesting machines but
         | weren't even particularly fast compared to their
         | contemporaries; the places they differentiated were big OpenGL
         | hardware (InfiniteReality) with a lot of texture memory (for
         | large-scale rendering and visualization) and single-system-
         | image multiprocessor computing (NUMAlink), neither which would
         | help for coin mining.
        
       | saalweachter wrote:
       | So, people with experience moving this sort of hardware--
       | 
       | Let's say you just wanted to have this transported to a
       | warehouse. How much are we talking, between the transportation
       | cost and the space to store it?
        
       | NickC25 wrote:
       | What could someone possibly do with this? It's cool as hell but 8
       | years old.
        
       | gautamcgoel wrote:
       | The listing says that 1% of the nodes have RAM with memory
       | errors. I assume this means hard errors since soft errors would
       | just be corrected. Is this typical? Does RAM deteriorate over
       | time?
        
       | fancyfredbot wrote:
       | It's just not economical to run these given how power inefficient
       | they are in comparison to modern processors.
       | 
       | This uses 1.7MW, or $6k per day of electricity. It would take
       | only about four months of powering this thing to pay for 2000
       | 5950X processors. Those would have a similar compute power to the
       | 8000 Xeons in Cheyenne but they'd cost 1/4 the power consumption.
        
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