[HN Gopher] 'Catastrophic grid failure' a possibility for Texas ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       'Catastrophic grid failure' a possibility for Texas
       solar/wind/battery storage
        
       Author : MilnerRoute
       Score  : 34 points
       Date   : 2024-04-28 19:59 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.houstonchronicle.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.houstonchronicle.com)
        
       | zer00eyz wrote:
       | If you're reading this and the cost prohibitive part of this
       | story doesn't make sense you have to understand how far forward
       | the Texas grid is when it comes to renewables.
       | 
       | There have been many occasions where the cost of power in Texas
       | has gone negative. (see:
       | https://www.rstreet.org/commentary/understanding-negative-pr... )
       | 
       | For this to happen there are a lot of factors that come into play
       | but it indicates a downward price pressure on generation that is
       | not going to go away. Storage and transmission are going to be
       | the largest costs for the system going forward. These "ride
       | through" upgrades make sense in the near term (generation side)
       | but in the long term become just another cost that in theory
       | could be put on the storage portion of the system (not in place
       | yet).
       | 
       | Texas cutting itself off from the national grid, is now at the
       | bleeding edge of renewables. 20 Years ago, that sentence would
       | have gotten you laughed out of the state.
        
         | chris222 wrote:
         | California is also going negative quite often now. Instead of
         | dropping prices and encouraging usage during those times they
         | curtail. The utility model is completely broken.
         | 
         | https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=60822
        
           | MilnerRoute wrote:
           | Or, California just needs to increase its battery storage
           | capacity some more. (This week they announced storage systems
           | now already have over 10,000 megawatts in capacity -- "about
           | 20% of the 52,000 megawatts the state says is needed to meet
           | its climate goals.")
           | 
           | https://ca.news.yahoo.com/california-battery-storage-
           | increas...
        
             | _heimdall wrote:
             | That will be a tough game to chase long term as batteries
             | need to be removed and replaced regularly. Assuming the
             | storage capacity needs continue to grow, CA would need to
             | replace larger and larger stocks of batteries on the scale
             | of 5-15 years depending on what kind of warranty the
             | battery manufacturers are providing.
        
               | Atotalnoob wrote:
               | Batteries don't have to be the traditional ones we use
               | and think of.
               | 
               | They can be things like pumping water up a hill and
               | releasing it to spin a turbine or using rocks storing
               | heat.
               | 
               | The storage capacity can be added, it's just don't going
               | to be banks of lead or lithium batteries
        
               | h0l0cube wrote:
               | And for lithium batteries, maintaining an overcapacity
               | drastically increases the lifetime by reducing the depth
               | of the cycle. e.g., you get vastly more cycles at %50 DoD
               | vs %80. This would increase the lifespan to be many
               | decades
        
             | ssl-3 wrote:
             | "10,000 megawatts" is not a measure of storage capacity.
        
               | hirsin wrote:
               | For some reason grid storage reporting always seems to
               | use a power metric instead of storage metric, which makes
               | no sense to me. I've seen this in a half dozen stories,
               | and found that even the government reports do this. I
               | think it stems from someone reusing a column to represent
               | both storage and power across generators and batteries.
        
           | zer00eyz wrote:
           | As A CA resident living under the thumb of PGE I have to say
           | that nothing shocks me any more.
           | 
           | The current PGE rates basically redline a whole portion of
           | the state.
           | 
           | Gray Davis got run out of town on the back of Enron's
           | nonsense. The fact that there is abject lack of fall out from
           | the current pricing is, outrageous.
        
         | hardwaresofton wrote:
         | The overwhelming sentiment is still negative towards Texas and
         | it's energy management decisions from many people who you'd
         | assume cared the most about efficient energy generation and
         | it's effects on the earth. It turns out Texas is ahead in a lot
         | of trends that are related to efficient energy usage, but for
         | mostly practical reasons in combination with a willingness to
         | try something new -- and people seem to have a very "not like
         | that???" attitude.
         | 
         | That said, investing more in the infrastructure is something
         | that seems to have been put on hold/not addressed appropriately
         | in the past in Texas so the Houston Chronicle running a story
         | to bring this to the forefront doesn't rub me the wrong way
         | either.
         | 
         | > Ryan Quint, a former NERC engineer who was the primary author
         | on nearly all of the organization's reports on the issue, is
         | now a consultant working with Clearway Energy, one of the
         | developers. In comments to ERCOT, Quint wrote that nearly 90%
         | of the resources can address their issues with commercially
         | reasonable fixes such as software upgrades, including the vast
         | majority of solar issues in both of the Odessa events.
         | 
         | So just a little software is holding Texas back? Well that's
         | gotta be inexpensive! What could software cost these days --
         | surely a couple 100k engineers and a month or two?
         | 
         | (the above line is a joke)
         | 
         | In all seriousness though, I do wonder if the unreasonable
         | distribution of talented engineers to... trivial (but
         | profitable) pursuits negatively effects some more nuts-and-
         | bolts industries like this.
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | It's true that technology helping sell more cheetos probably
           | puts upward price pressures on engineering in essential
           | industries.
           | 
           | One solution is to tax ad engineers and subsidize essential
           | ones, or allow utilities to raise the prices enough to pay
           | for this competitive workforce.
        
         | cranky908canuck wrote:
         | So this is where the right leaning (and quite reasonable, in
         | the long term) observation should be: there's a business
         | opportunity to build and deploy storage capacity with grid
         | stabilization the top feature.
         | 
         | That takes vision (which isn't always there), but also time.
         | Perhaps also recognition in the regulatory ecosystem that this
         | is needed, so that the business case (ie, build it and they
         | will pay for it) is there.
        
       | grecy wrote:
       | <Sigh>
       | 
       | Australia went through this very same propaganda when a once in
       | 100 year lightning storm caused a big grid interconnect failure,
       | and a large part of an entire state was without power for weeks
       | [1]
       | 
       | The Politicians at the time spun it as being caused by evil
       | renewables, and the damage was done. A huge percentage of the
       | population still believes that renewables cause power outages,
       | cause prices to go up, and are the work of the devil.
       | 
       | Talk about putting a spin on something to ensure the legacy
       | providers keeps making a profit.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_South_Australian_blackout
        
         | MilnerRoute wrote:
         | Yeah, I've been wondering if any of this is coming from Texas
         | grid operators behaving hostilely toward renewable power?
         | 
         |  _" State utility regulators shot down efforts by ERCOT to
         | impose new rules on large-scale battery sites, siding with
         | operators who decried the grid operator's rules as costly and
         | discriminatory. The unanimous decision by the Public Utility
         | Commission of Texas came after five months... It was touched
         | off by a report from the grid operator intended to show grid-
         | level batteries were unreliable without stricter rules. Texas
         | battery operators, seven of which wrote letters ahead of the
         | meeting opposing all or parts of the proposal, weren't the only
         | ones not buying it..."_
         | 
         | https://www.expressnews.com/business/article/battery-ercot-c...
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | Wondering? It couldn't be more clear!
        
       | louwrentius wrote:
       | When there is a voltage or frequency disturbance on the grid,
       | caused by lightning strikes or equipment failures, ERCOT expects
       | power generators to "ride through" the disturbances and continue
       | producing power. But inverter-based resources such as wind, solar
       | and batteries -- especially the oldest ones -- may sometimes not
       | be able to ride through the disturbance and could "trip" >
       | offline and disconnect from the grid. This could lead to a domino
       | effect of other generators tripping offline, which could in a
       | worst-case scenario result in the "rapid collapse of part of or
       | all the ERCOT system," according to ERCOT. ERCOT has experienced
       | a growing number of these inverter-based resource failures,
       | particularly in West Texas. In 2021 and again in 2022, more than
       | 1,000 megawatts of solar resources tripped offline near Odessa,
       | prompting the North American Electric Reliability Corp. (NERC),
       | an international regulatory authority, to recommend ERCOT rectify
       | the risk.
       | 
       | Interesting read: Inverters don't have spinning mass like
       | turbines that can deal with fluctuations in the grid (simplified)
       | (as we learned from Grady's Practical Engineering) and they
       | follow the grid, but can't build a grid. But we also learned from
       | him that modern inverters can actually build a grid and behave
       | like a "mechanical generator".
       | 
       | So as I understand it, a lot of existing renewable suppliers have
       | to do some retrofitting, which is probably expensive, so now we
       | are here.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | I wonder what the expense of adding things like flywheel type
         | storage to renewable grids is?
        
       | errantmind wrote:
       | Some interesting facts:
       | 
       | * ERCOT (Texas) has more renewables generation than every other
       | ISO, including CAISO (California)
       | 
       | * ERCOT is setting new renewables records almost every month, as
       | new renewables sites come online.
       | 
       | Source: https://www.gridstatus.io/home
        
       | yawaramin wrote:
       | There is an unfortunate tunnel vision focus on renewables when
       | the real goal should be deep decarbonization. The reason is
       | obvious when you realize that people of a certain generation (who
       | are in power now) don't like nuclear energy because 'nuclear' was
       | the bogeyman while they were growing up. They are dragging the
       | rest of us down with them into an era of unstable and unreliable
       | power at huge expense.
        
         | 7952 wrote:
         | I am in favour of nuclear but a politically unpalatable
         | solution is useless for decarbonisation.
        
         | _heimdall wrote:
         | That only really holds true if disruptions in the carbon cycle
         | are the fundamental root cause.
         | 
         | Carbon seems extremely important no doubt, but I've never
         | personally bought the idea that the health of the entire planet
         | can be boiled down to a single, analytical metric. I've also
         | yet to be convinced that, even if it truly is all about carbon,
         | we understand the problem so completely that we know how to
         | intervene precisely without breaking anything else or causing
         | unexpected side effects.
         | 
         | We've seen a noticeable increase in ocean temperatures in the
         | last year or two and I've seen compelling data pointing to it
         | being caused by ultra-low sulfur emissions regulations in
         | marine shipping. People thought they were doing the right
         | thing, they just didn't account for the cooling effects of
         | sulfur in the atmosphere. We could easily do the same with
         | global interventions in the carbon cycle.
         | 
         | I'd much rather see us leaning into a reduction in
         | interventions wholesale. Its much harder to break things when
         | you just stop causing so much damage.
        
       | sholladay wrote:
       | We have got to stop using alternating current. HVDC to the home
       | is clearly the future. Isn't anyone working on this?
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-04-28 23:01 UTC)