[HN Gopher] Senate passes reauthorization of key US surveillance...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Senate passes reauthorization of key US surveillance program after
       midnight
        
       Author : WhyUVoteGarbage
       Score  : 228 points
       Date   : 2024-04-20 11:40 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (apnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (apnews.com)
        
       | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
       | Does anyone want to suggest some reasons why, the one thing that
       | D+R always, always, always agree on is this:
       | 
       | US Gov/LEO/IC must be gifted the most power possible
       | 
       | to surveil Americans _who are not suspected of a crime_
        
         | kolanos wrote:
         | Absolute power corrupts absolutely.
        
         | outlore wrote:
         | horseshoe theory. D+R are not so different. D in US is more
         | right than other countries' left leaning parties
        
           | dexwiz wrote:
           | Both sides are mostly rich or put there by the rich. A few
           | populist reps get outsized airtime, but that isn't the
           | majority of people running the show.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | There are a lot more similarities between "both sides" than
             | that. They make a big show out of arguing over a small
             | number of things they disagree on. But for many important
             | things, they don't significantly differ.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on indefinite
             | detention of American citizens on US soil.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on domestic
             | spying, dragnet-style data collection and warrantless
             | wiretapping.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on allowing
             | extra-judicial targeted killings.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on the use of
             | unmanned drones, either for combat or domestic
             | surveillance.
             | 
             | The two parties both support pre-emptive "cyber" war and
             | non-defensive hacking.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on their
             | support for continuing the War On Terror.
             | 
             | The two parties both support maintaining US military bases
             | around the world.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on favoring
             | Keynesian economics.
             | 
             | The two parties support delegating monetary policy
             | decisions to the Federal Reserve, including support for
             | quantitative easing.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on their use of
             | earmarks and pork barrel spending.
             | 
             | Neither of the two parties have (recently) proposed plans
             | for balancing the budget.
             | 
             | Neither of the two parties plans to significantly cut
             | defense spending.
             | 
             | The two parties both favor taxpayer-funded foreign aid.
             | 
             | The two parties are largely backed by the same corporate
             | sponsors and special interest groups, with a few key
             | differences.
             | 
             | The two parties both backed TARP and in general favor
             | bailing out companies too big to fail.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on their
             | general support of "economic stimulus" as a tool to prop up
             | the economy.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on their
             | support for and allegiance to Israel.
             | 
             | The two parties both favor and continue sanctions on Iran.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on their use of
             | super PAC funding and their support of unlimited spending
             | from corporations and special interest groups.
             | 
             | The two parties do not significantly differ on their use of
             | gerrymandering to gain political advantage.
             | 
             | The two parties oppose any measures that would strengthen
             | the viability of a third party.
        
               | Jerrrry wrote:
               | emergent behavior from a self-interested system, which
               | doesn't necessarily preclude collusion, directly or less
               | so.
               | 
               | the best capitalist simply had their competition shot.
        
               | pakyr wrote:
               | > The two parties do not significantly differ on their
               | use of earmarks and pork barrel spending.
               | 
               | This is not true; the Republicans strongly oppose them
               | and have repeatedly tried to abolish them (and were
               | temporarily successful at one point).
               | 
               | > Neither of the two parties have (recently) proposed
               | plans for balancing the budget.
               | 
               | This isn't true. Both parties have recently proposed
               | plans for balancing the budget; Biden proposed plans to
               | balance it by raising taxes and instituting a wealth tax
               | just last year, and Republicans have put forward various
               | entitlement reform proposals to balance the budget.
               | 
               | > The two parties both favor and continue sanctions on
               | Iran.
               | 
               | Obama ended sanctions on Iran with the nuclear deal
               | before Trump reinstated them; Republicans blocked Senate
               | ratification of the deal, allowing him to do that and
               | ensuring the Iranians wouldn't trust future entreaties
               | from the US. Claiming the two parties are the same on
               | this is odd.
               | 
               | > The two parties do not significantly differ on their
               | use of super PAC funding and their support of unlimited
               | spending from corporations and special interest groups.
               | 
               | Dems support and have repeatedly attempted to pass an
               | anti-Citizens United amendment.
               | 
               | > The two parties do not significantly differ on their
               | use of gerrymandering to gain political advantage.
               | 
               | Dems repeatedly tried to pass a bill banning
               | gerrymandering federally when they controlled the House
               | in 2021.
               | 
               | I'm no expert but for these 5 at least, I am aware of
               | significant and specific interparty differences.
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | Many of these points are just common sense. Does America
               | really need a major party that's insane on one of the
               | important issues?
        
           | avianlyric wrote:
           | Minor correction
           | 
           | > D in US is more right than other countries' left leaning
           | parties
           | 
           | D in US is more right than other countries' _right_ leaning
           | parties
        
           | SSJPython wrote:
           | > D in US is more right than other countries' left leaning
           | parties
           | 
           | I don't think this is accurate. Maybe on healthcare and
           | welfare, sure. But on many social issues, the Democrats are
           | much further to the left than the European left. On issues
           | such as abortion, gender/sexuality, migration, and race, the
           | Democrats are more extreme compared to Labour in the UK, SPD
           | in Germany, and the PSOE in Spain. Even the left in France
           | isn't as socially extremist as the Democrats.
        
             | Larrikin wrote:
             | It's a boring take from more than 30 years ago that was
             | kinda true in the Regan years when the dominant voting
             | groups could pretend that elected officials and government
             | didn't actually matter because they all voted similarly and
             | discrimination against groups that disagreed had been
             | publicly accepted for decades. Historical electoral maps
             | were not usually competitive at all like they are now.
             | 
             | The both parties are the same is such a lazy take, except
             | in super limited circumstances like this naked power grab
             | in the article. Both are going to use it in wildly
             | different ways
        
             | mamonster wrote:
             | >Even the left in France isn't as socially extremist as the
             | Democrats.
             | 
             | Depends which left which you are talking about. LFI is
             | certainly on that level in their way, PS/Place Publique are
             | not(given that "printemps republicain" was part of what
             | killed popular support for the party).
        
             | monocasa wrote:
             | I mean, those countries have other further left parties
             | with held seats in their legislatures up to and including
             | outright explicit communist parties.
             | 
             | Those parties you listed are known for being center to
             | center left in Europe, sometimes explicitly escuing the
             | left as UK Labour and SPD have done.
             | 
             | Excpet PSOE which is farther left than the Democrats,
             | having all of the identity politics of the Democratic party
             | while being explicitly and empathetically pro union. Heads
             | would have rolled if PSOE had broken the rail workers
             | strike that like Biden did. The also tried to legalize
             | abortion in the Spanish constitution in the 1970s, and
             | haven't wavered on their view of abortion since. They
             | passed same sex marriage when they got their first chance
             | to (and before the US did), and used the same opportunity
             | to expand transgender rights.
        
           | dukeyukey wrote:
           | Left and right are different in different countries. In the
           | US, the Republicans are generally pro-building (see where new
           | homes and factories are being built). But in the UK, the left
           | party (Labour) is the one pushing for less onerous planning.
        
         | hamhock666 wrote:
         | Because it gives them more power, and nobody cares to organize
         | or do anything about it in terms of voting out said
         | politicians.
        
         | dotnet00 wrote:
         | They're ultimately the same, the partisanship is mostly a farce
         | as they both know that they're the only realistic options, so
         | as long as neither side goes out of its way to seriously be
         | better than the other, they can both enjoy the perks of being
         | in power eventually, and therefore increased power is always
         | good from their pov as regardless of party, they'll eventually
         | have access to that power too.
        
           | coolbreezetft24 wrote:
           | > the partisanship is mostly a farce
           | 
           | This was noticeably on display for me in 2020 right after it
           | was determined that Biden had won the election. Lindsey
           | Graham, a Republican Senator, was caught on video in the
           | Senate chamber warmly congratulating and hugging Kamala
           | Harris, a D senator and VP-elect. It was as if they both knew
           | Graham's hyper-partisan antics during the preceding months
           | before the vote was all just an act - a part of the game. I'd
           | bet that he secretly voted for Biden/Harris as well and will
           | do so again.
        
         | bugglebeetle wrote:
         | I would imagine because the IC already uses those same
         | surveillance powers to get dirt on enough politicians to make
         | sure this happens.
        
           | stufffer wrote:
           | They had to add a rule about not using it to spy on Congress.
           | That tells you all you need to know about how often fisa is
           | abused.
        
         | kbolino wrote:
         | The bureaucrats regularly present scary information to the
         | politicians to justify their actions and powers. The juiciest
         | bits of intelligence are intentionally selected for escalation
         | up the chain, with many being presented ASAP at the highest
         | levels (SECDEF, President) and/or retained for later
         | demonstration to oversight authorities (FISA court,
         | Congressional committees). While much of "raw" intelligence is
         | not reliable, the agencies can curate the best (most
         | believable/most sensational/most verified) intelligence reports
         | over time.
         | 
         | Given recent events in the Middle East and the fact that both
         | parties' senior politicians _mostly_ lean the same way in terms
         | of which sides they support, this result is unsurprising if
         | disappointing.
        
         | Tarq0n wrote:
         | I suspect in the incentives, the downside risk weighs much
         | heavier for these people. If they block surveillance powers and
         | another 9/11 happened they'd be dragged over the coals, whereas
         | approving them is pretty risk free.
        
         | api wrote:
         | If anything happens any politician who voted no can be accused
         | of being responsible for "missing the next 9/11" or being "soft
         | on terror."
         | 
         | If nothing happens most people don't understand or care either
         | way.
        
         | Nifty3929 wrote:
         | Because politicians want power and control over the citizens.
         | They might use it for different things, but power is power.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | I'm pretty damn sure you have it backwards. The intelligence
           | crapmunity wants power, and politicians are merely the means
           | to an end.
           | 
           | See what happens when a politician of any stature dares to
           | defy them.
        
         | memish wrote:
         | "Let me tell you, you take on the intelligence community, they
         | have six ways from Sunday at getting back at you," Schumer told
         | MSNBC's Rachel Maddow
         | 
         | https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/312605-schumer-t...
        
           | ipaddr wrote:
           | The only person willing to take them on is Trump. Look at all
           | of the fake cases and mainstream media attacking that
           | followed. I don't think anyone can stop them now. When
           | America is replaced as a world power that day will come.
        
             | tophi wrote:
             | You sound as sane as the guy that self immolated yesterday.
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | If that were true, Trump would have been carried out of
           | Helsinki feet-first.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | why, what was/happened in Helsinki?
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Trump announced that he believed Putin over his own
               | intelligence.
               | 
               | But then there was the time Biden installed Hunter on the
               | White House staff and ordered that he be given a security
               | clearance, despite dozens of discrepancies, undisclosed
               | foreign contacts, and other red flags on the paperwork.
               | Oh, wait, no, that was Trump, too.
        
         | verdverm wrote:
         | I think you have things a bit backwards. Without FISA, the
         | intelligence agencies have less oversight and fewer
         | restrictions.
         | 
         | > The FISA resulted from extensive investigations by Senate
         | Committees into the legality of domestic intelligence
         | activities. These investigations were led separately by Sam
         | Ervin and Frank Church in 1978 as a response to President
         | Richard Nixon's usage of federal resources, including law
         | enforcement agencies, to spy on political and activist groups.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveilla...
        
           | hypothesis wrote:
           | > Without FISA, the intelligence agencies have less oversight
           | and fewer restrictions.
           | 
           | What restrictions are you talking about? Constitutional
           | warrant requirement was sidestepped using this law and you
           | are still cheering here.
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | Well, before FISA, constitutional warrant requirements were
             | not _sidestepped_ , they were simply _ignored_. So now we
             | 're acknowledging that the constitutional requirements are
             | still there, but now we use this weird dodge to get around
             | it. So is that better or worse?
        
               | hypothesis wrote:
               | Are you really asking if being unconstitutional is worse
               | than being codified and legal?
               | 
               | I'm not the one here cheering for demise of
               | constitutional republic...
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Neither am I cheering for it. Don't put words in my
               | mouth.
               | 
               | I am seriously asking whether being flat-out
               | unconstitutional is worse than building a (legislated and
               | approved) backdoor around the constitution, yes.
               | 
               | I mean, better than both would be to just _follow the
               | constitution_ , but that wasn't the question.
        
               | hypothesis wrote:
               | Please note that at no point I said that you specifically
               | cheered, so no need to project. It's a threaded topic.
               | 
               | As you noticed, following constitution is apparently not
               | an option here. Being unconstitutional and ignored, there
               | was at least some hope for improvement, but codification
               | gave us a clear answer that elected representatives are,
               | at best, only selectively interested in supporting
               | constitution.
        
               | araes wrote:
               | Unfortunately, that appears to be America these days. Do
               | something illegal, and then write a law to legalize the
               | illegal behavior.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | Corruption of our intelligence agencies to the point they've
         | been weaponized against our own elected officials.
        
         | ComposedPattern wrote:
         | I would guess that Democratic and Republican politicians want
         | to give more power to the USA government because they _are_ the
         | USA government.
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | The F in FISA stands for _foreign_.
        
       | ofslidingfeet wrote:
       | Once upon a time, this would have been the only thing the
       | internet talked about today. Top of reddit, thousands of comments
       | on news articles, etc.
       | 
       | Now we get suppression and astroturfing from a bunch of autocrats
       | who despise democracy and call themselves the "Intelligence
       | Community."
        
       | blackeyeblitzar wrote:
       | Since it expired at midnight and reauthorization passed after
       | midnight, was there a period where the government acted illegally
       | in continuing surveillance? How does that work?
        
         | Brybry wrote:
         | Legally there wasn't a need to rush, the FISA court had
         | certified the process until 2025. [1]
         | 
         | But probably companies could have stopped cooperating and
         | challenged it in court.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.wyden.senate.gov/news/press-releases/wyden-
         | urges...
        
       | njarboe wrote:
       | Here is a link to how the senators voted[1].
       | 
       | [1]https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_votes/vote1..
       | .
       | 
       | Unfortunately both my senators voted for it. I did call their
       | offices Thursday to no avail.
        
         | bwanab wrote:
         | It's the first time I can ever remember on a contested vote
         | where both the two Democratic Senators from my current bluer
         | than blue state voted the same (nay) as the two Republican
         | Senators from my former redder than red state. Strange
         | bedfellows in interesting times.
        
           | throwaway35777 wrote:
           | {Montana, North Dakota} --> {Washington}?
        
         | bilekas wrote:
         | You don't see any value in FISA?
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | what change would a call affect?
        
         | hellcow wrote:
         | I'm really disappointed that even in CA (which is pushing for
         | better privacy rights with CCPA), one of our senators voted for
         | this.
        
           | verdverm wrote:
           | Are you aware the alternative is less oversight? FISA
           | protects Americans
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveilla.
           | ..
        
             | geuis wrote:
             | I obviously can't guess your age, but I'm gonna wager you
             | weren't around much prior to 9/11. The world was getting on
             | quite well without massive surveillance creep, and none of
             | the stuff FISA has done in the last 23 years would have
             | stopped it. The authorities already had all the info they
             | needed back then and just didn't act on it.
        
               | borkt wrote:
               | FISA has been in existence since 1978. It did not prevent
               | 9/11, so honestly your comment undersells how worthless
               | the program has been in light of the constitutional
               | freedoms we willingly cede in reauthorizing it. The fact
               | is though it remains law and the officials we elected
               | feel the value is worth it. I hope its being done solely
               | based on the benefits it provides us as a whole and is
               | not being used for self-serving purposes
        
               | tastyfreeze wrote:
               | > used for self-serving purposes
               | 
               | That is inevitable. If there is an easier path to a goal
               | some human will use it. It doesn't matter if the goal is
               | against the people.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Survei
               | lla...
               | 
               | 2008.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA)
               | 
               | https://bja.ojp.gov/program/it/privacy-civil-
               | liberties/autho...
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | And the components of the program being discussed are
               | from the 2008 amendment.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | Even humanitarian groups such as the UNICEF were targets,
               | there's no doubt now what the program is about
        
               | AmVess wrote:
               | These laws aren't about protecting America and its
               | citizens, but rather as means to control them.
        
               | mdhb wrote:
               | People just toss comments like this around as though they
               | were facts when in fact it's completely paranoid made up
               | q-anon level nonsense.
               | 
               | These laws work a very specific way and have very
               | specific controls in place to prevent shit like you
               | describe from happening which you could go and read up on
               | if you wanted to but it's much easier to fear monger
               | amongst one another because it plays to your ego that
               | somebody who is important enough to be under surveillance
               | by an intelligence agency.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | "Completely paranoid made up q-anon level nonsense" from
               | the New York Times, The Guardian, Washington Post,
               | Associated Press, and many others? I think not.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/13/world/middleeast/book-
               | rev...
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/dec/20/gchq-
               | targete...
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-
               | switch/wp/2013/08/24...
               | 
               | https://apnews.com/article/b25197d5b11740b2b29681bbc521a4
               | 5f
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/05/fbi-misused-
               | fore...
        
               | xanthor wrote:
               | https://apnews.com/article/fisa-foreign-surveillance-
               | fbi-3f7...
               | 
               | One does not have to be "important enough" if they are
               | conducting mass surveillance and storing it in a database
               | indefinitely.
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | You could easily look at things like the Snowden leaks to
               | see how well such controls end up working out. My
               | favorite was NSA agents collecting and sharing sexual
               | content. [1] The reason that's my favorite is not because
               | it's the most extreme example of abuse - it's not, not by
               | a longshot. The reason is that it really demonstrates
               | that 'government' isn't some abstract or holistic entity.
               | It's just a group of people, like you and I -- with the
               | exact same vices, egos, weaknesses, and so on.
               | 
               | And of course this applies not only to the NSA spooks,
               | but all the way up. You shouldn't be any more comfortable
               | letting 'the government' spy on you, than you would be
               | letting me spy on you. If you want another example along
               | the same lines, spooks spying on their love interests is
               | so common that there's a slang term for it - LOVEINT [2].
               | Basically, don't grant people power over other people
               | unless it's really just completely and absolutely
               | necessary, because it _will_ be abused. So the benefit
               | needs to substantially outweigh the inevitable abuses.
               | And in this case, that obviously doesn 't hold.
               | 
               | [1] -
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/21/us/politics/edward-
               | snowde...
               | 
               | [2] - https://slate.com/technology/2013/09/loveint-how-
               | nsa-spies-s...
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | It's a secret court making secret law. This is, by
               | definition, both unaccountable and impossible to conclude
               | is not being used to cover up massive abuse, because
               | whatever is happening is being concealed from the voters.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | Agree with the sentiment, but spying capabilities have
               | been abused before FISA, just ask Martin Luther King Jr.
               | So I don't think things were particularly fine before
               | 9/11 either. It's just that technological advancements
               | have made abuse on a mass scale possible for the first
               | time in human history. AFAICT surveillance used to be
               | much more targeted and labor intensive. That all changed
               | after 9/11.
        
               | e40 wrote:
               | I didn't downvote you, btw (I upvoted you). I think MLK
               | Jr's problems with the government weren't traditional
               | spying, they were more harassment of government employees
               | acting on their own because they were bigots. The
               | organized government actions that did happen, IIRC, were
               | in places were the local government was highly corrupt
               | and infiltrated by the KKK.
        
               | jiggawatts wrote:
               | "Apart from the widespread abuse of government power,
               | there was no abuse."
        
               | verdverm wrote:
               | I watched 9/11 live from my dorm
               | 
               | Maybe don't jump to biases so fast, people within all age
               | groups have different opinions about the same topics.
               | 
               | HN is very opinionated on surveillance, as the comments
               | on this story reinforce
        
               | chiefalchemist wrote:
               | What do you mean by opinionated on surveillance? When did
               | the Constitution become an opinion?
        
               | geuis wrote:
               | Doesn't really matter, but I was 21 when it happened. I
               | suspect we're basically the same age.
        
             | mise_en_place wrote:
             | The alternative is requiring a warrant, which means
             | following the Constitution. Due process doesn't disappear
             | because you want it to. Even if someone is supposedly a
             | terrorist or criminal.
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | If you're hoping the Supreme Court, and in particular
               | this Supreme Court, is going to agree that the
               | Constitution requires the executive branch get a warrant
               | before spying on cross-border communication with a non-
               | citizen, you're going to be disappointed.
               | 
               | FISA is Congress exercising the only authority it has
               | here, which is oversight & regulation. You could argue
               | FISA should be stricter, but it can't extend the
               | Constitutional reach of the Fourth Amendment, nor can it
               | contract it the way many in this thread believe it's
               | somehow doing.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | It's baffling to many people how FISA is even a thing. To
               | a layperson, the Fourth Amendment leaves no room for a
               | rubber stamp court authorizing mass surveillance. And no
               | one except politicians and bureaucrats are buying the
               | argument that this is somehow targeted surveillance.
               | 
               | Also, free nations should have higher standards than "Not
               | a citizen? Too bad, anything goes."
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | This is not complicated: If you run a telegraph wire
               | between El Paso and Juarez, the executive has the
               | Constitutional authority to tap it to intercept
               | communication to or from a non-citizen not in the United
               | States, warrant-free.
               | 
               | Congress can regulate the process that must be followed,
               | the documentation that must be made, even require
               | judicial review at the program level to ensure it doesn't
               | also record traffic that _is_ Constitutionally protected.
               | That's what FISA is.
               | 
               | But it can't _ban_ that tapping, nor can it require the
               | executive to get a warrant for a particular otherwise
               | Constitutional intercept from an Article 3 court.
               | 
               | Which part of this do you think is incorrect?
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | Where do I even start? Let's first reiterate that even
               | when it's technically legal to screw over non-citizens,
               | it doesn't make it right. That's not the standard
               | expected of a free nation.
               | 
               | But let's ignore that for a moment and move on to the
               | next point. Your example is still hoovering up
               | communications from citizens who are supposed to be
               | protected by due process of law. En masse. How does this
               | not run afoul of the law?
               | 
               | The problem is compounded by the fact that the internet
               | blurs geographical borders. Wholly domestic
               | communications can and does end up crossing borders.
               | Also, I'd bet a large part of our communications aren't
               | even between people. The majority of the traffic likely
               | are sent to or from computer programs. They happen
               | without most people even realizing it, but contains
               | highly personal information. The simple telegraph analogy
               | doesn't translate well to the internet.
               | 
               | What's more, there's currently no meaningful system in
               | place to prevent abuse. And no, a rubber stamp court
               | authorizing dragnet surveillance isn't it.
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | OK, you want FISA to be stricter. But way up thread,
               | someone made the point that it's FISA itself that puts
               | any meaningful balancing constraints at all on the
               | Constitutional power of the executive. This includes the
               | FISA court--made up of real, lifetime-tenured federal
               | judges of the same robes you would like approving
               | warrants--that is there by law to be watching out for
               | just your parade of horribles.
               | 
               | The poster was roundly criticized for being correct.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | No, FISA should not be a thing. Wiretap warrants should
               | be reasonably scoped and acquired on an individual basis.
               | There shouldn't be a secret court issuing do-whatever-
               | you-want warrants.
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | To get that you have two choices: Do your best to
               | persuade your fellow citizens to elect a President who
               | will choose to forego this part of his Constitutional
               | powers--or get a Constitutional amendment passed.
               | 
               | What I keep trying to explain is that this FISA vote
               | can't address your concerns one way or the other. If you
               | disagree, I wish you'd explain how.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | The Constitution grants the president unlimited spying
               | powers? That's news to me.
               | 
               | Whether the FISA vote can fix all the problems isn't the
               | point. The problem is that current surveillance practices
               | looks illegal to begin with.
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | Intercepting communications between US persons and
               | foreign non-citizens isn't "unlimited spying powers" and
               | is not illegal.
               | 
               | Do you disagree?
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | I don't understand the argument that it couldn't require
               | a warrant. The argument is simply that the executive
               | branch has a constitutional right to wiretap without a
               | warrant, unless the the constitution forbids it?
               | 
               | There is _some_ judicial oversight in the FISA court of
               | course. What 's the argument for why congress can
               | legislate that, but not a more typical warrant?
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | For the same reason Congress can't require the President
               | to get the approval of the Supreme Court before he vetoes
               | a bill: Our Constitution gives powers to the executive
               | that cannot be usurped or overruled by Congress, notably
               | in this context to conduct the national defense and
               | foreign affairs.
               | 
               | The FISA court exists to ensure that the executive is not
               | operating outside his Constitutional authority, not as a
               | gatekeeper for use of that authority at all in any
               | instance.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > Our Constitution gives powers to the executive that
               | cannot be usurped or overruled by Congress, notably in
               | this context to conduct the national defense and foreign
               | affairs.
               | 
               | This is not true. The constitution explicitly reserves
               | the power to declare war or enact treaties to Congress.
               | Neither the military nor federal law enforcement can
               | spend a single dime, or even exist, without Congressional
               | approval. If the budget allocates no money to mass
               | surveillance, no money is available to conduct mass
               | surveillance.
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | Yes, Congress can defund the FBI, NSA, DIA, ... or simply
               | forbid them from spending money on foreign surveillance.
               | 
               | What they can't do is _allow_ them to spend money on
               | foreign surveillance, but only if an Article 3 court
               | gives them a warrant.
        
               | Kamq wrote:
               | > This is not complicated: If you run a telegraph wire
               | between El Paso and Juarez, the executive has the
               | Constitutional authority to tap it to intercept
               | communication to or from a non-citizen not in the United
               | States, warrant-free.
               | 
               | That's not correct at all. It would only fall under
               | federal overview if it's commercial (Article 1 section 8
               | clause 3 of the constitution gives congress the right to
               | regulate commerce with foreign nations).
               | 
               | The Feds don't just get to do anything they want by
               | default. All powers that aren't specifically given to the
               | feds are defaulted to either the states or the people.
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | This is, flatly, nonsense. For example: Executive
               | agencies conduct warrantless border searches unrelated to
               | commerce around the clock.
        
               | Kamq wrote:
               | It's dumb, but Wickard v. Filburn makes basically
               | anything involving physical goods "commerce". I'm sure
               | there's a ruling somewhere that says something like:
               | people entering the country subtly alter the restaurant
               | market (not really any dumber than the Wickard v. Filburn
               | rationale), and therefore the feds have a right to search
               | everything.
               | 
               | I think it would be a lot harder to do that with speech
               | though. Maybe you could argue that the telegraph line
               | itself impacts international copper markets or something,
               | but there are non-tangible based communication methods.
        
               | 13of40 wrote:
               | Not to nitpick too hard here, but you can't know whether
               | I'm talking to a US citizen without first eavesdropping
               | on the conversation.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | That's actually a great point. After the Snowden
               | revelations, politicians justified some of the
               | surveillance programs by claiming they were only looking
               | at the metadata, not the content, as if that made any
               | difference. So that's one of the excuses they use to
               | create the appearance of legality.
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/2013/06/21/193578367/calling-it-
               | metadata...
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > You could argue FISA should be stricter, but it can't
               | extend the Constitutional reach of the Fourth Amendment,
               | nor can it contract it the way many in this thread
               | believe it's somehow doing.
               | 
               | Congress can't pass a law violating the Fourth Amendment.
               | They can certainly pass a law constraining the executive
               | from doing something that is otherwise constitutional, if
               | the courts are reading the Fourth Amendment too narrowly.
               | 
               | They could also straightforwardly require the FISA court
               | to publish its opinions, or have the same cases heard in
               | ordinary federal courts with public accountability for
               | the decisions. There is nothing in the constitution
               | requiring secret courts.
        
             | bigstrat2003 wrote:
             | > Are you aware the alternative is less oversight?
             | 
             | Yes, I am. That is in fact what I want.
             | 
             | > FISA protects Americans
             | 
             | No, it does not. At this time, the greatest threat to me
             | (and other Americans) is in fact the glowies who want to
             | use this sort of law to violate our civil liberties.
        
             | serf wrote:
             | I can't down vote you harder. FISA hurts Americans by short
             | circuiting any kind of protections citizens once had for
             | due process.
             | 
             | We were fine before, and arguably it would've done little
             | to change the events that caused the reaction that allowed
             | it to be established in the first place.
        
             | randcraw wrote:
             | I used to work for several of the US intel agencies. I can
             | say with great confidence that we never have acted
             | gainfully on preventing a major event using intel and we
             | never will. The catalyst for acting boldly to prevent or
             | defend a major event is much mor political than
             | informational. No intel will ever play a big role in
             | deciding whether a country lives or dies.
             | 
             | But we most certainly WILL abuse individual civil rights my
             | abusing that intel. THAT has been confirmed in history
             | again and again.
        
               | user_7832 wrote:
               | > The catalyst for acting boldly to prevent or defend a
               | major event is much mor political than informational.
               | 
               | Could you explain what you mean by this? On a tangential
               | note, have you considered talking/explaining this with
               | politicians/academics studying this field? Or is it more
               | of something that's already known to those familiar with
               | the field?
        
             | reaperman wrote:
             | We also had drug trafficking when the US constitution was
             | originally written[0], and the founders of the US still
             | gave us a constitutional right to warrants for searches
             | relating to it. I don't understand why sealed warrants
             | aren't "good enough" for this purpose, perhaps you could
             | open my mind a bit. Why do we need "warrantless"
             | surveillance for drug trafficking now? Specifically, what's
             | wrong with getting a sealed (secret for a period of time)
             | warrant for surveillance from a normal court?
             | 
             | > In 1800, the British Levant Company purchases nearly half
             | of all of the opium coming out of Smyrna, Turkey strictly
             | for importation to Europe and the United States.
             | 
             | 0: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/heroin/et
             | c/hi...
        
           | bennyhill wrote:
           | I assume any congress person who voted for surveillance has a
           | horrible kink and received photos of it shortly before the
           | vote.
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | That reminds me of Wellington's response under similar
             | circumstances.
             | 
             | A former lover tried to blackmail Wellington. His response
             | was 'Publish and be damned.' It was published to the
             | delight of many. But he still went on to become Prime
             | Minister.
             | 
             | https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/rear-window-when-
             | wellin...
        
               | Mountain_Skies wrote:
               | Reminds me of when the KGB and the CIA tried to use
               | knowledge of the sexual exploits of Indonesia's president
               | Sukarno to blackmail him. Instead of falling in line, he
               | told them to release what they had so his countrymen
               | could be impressed by his sexual prowess. The KGB went as
               | far as having a group of their agents pose as flight
               | attendants to engage him in an orgy, which they secretly
               | filmed. When confronted with the film, he asked if KGB
               | for extra copies for him to take home.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | So 55 needed for passing and 60 voted for. Closer then I
         | thought it would be.
        
         | karaterobot wrote:
         | People generally vote for the incumbent if they happen to claim
         | the same party affiliation. They complain for 4-6 years, then
         | when it comes to what box they tick on the ballot, all of that
         | is out the window. The lure of an incumbent is that they might
         | have acquired enough markers and enough seats on various
         | committees to help the state, when it often seems the reality
         | is that they've probably just acquired more lobbyist friends
         | and more incentive to stay in office no matter what. Sure, they
         | may be corrupt and incompetent, but they've got so much
         | influence!
        
           | Onawa wrote:
           | The joys of the "first past the post" election system. Take
           | your choice of a shit sandwich, or a shit sandwich with
           | pickles. Heaven forbid we actually update our voting system
           | to break up the inevitable 2-party outcome.
        
             | chiefalchemist wrote:
             | Heaven might not forbid, but the two ruling parties
             | certainly do. Breaking out of the status quo would crush
             | their cartel, end their monopoly. They don't want to do
             | that. The cycle continues.
        
         | sunshine_reggae wrote:
         | Do these people know who you are?!
        
         | superkuh wrote:
         | It terrible it passed but I'm glad both Wisconsin senators
         | voted no. They voted no for _completely_ different reasons but
         | I 'll take it.
        
       | calibas wrote:
       | So if I communicate with a non-US citizen, I effectively forfeit
       | my right to privacy? Am I understand this correctly?
        
         | v7n wrote:
         | Forfeiting sounds intentional. How would you know the
         | nationality of all participants in a conversation?
        
         | Barracoon wrote:
         | Technically, it's if you communicate to a target of a foreign
         | intelligence investigation AND they deem you suspect enough to
         | request FISA approval to access your side of the communication.
        
           | fifteen1506 wrote:
           | network American (tm)
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | What's most interesting is that this wasn't on party lines. The
       | yes/no mix is very mixed party-wise.
       | 
       | https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_votes/vote1...
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | Agreed that's interesting. Really makes you think about all
         | these crackpots talking about a uniparty, deep state vs the
         | people, etc
        
           | stanford_labrat wrote:
           | Because in reality the two party system is not accurate. It's
           | rich versus poor, those with power versus those without.
           | Nobility versus peasants. That's just how it works.
        
             | Gud wrote:
             | That's how it works in the USA, not necessarily how it
             | works. Other forms of governing exists.
             | 
             | A big step forward for the USA would be a vast reduction of
             | federal power over the states.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Other countries don't institutionalize the two-party
               | system by law. Because it would be insane and
               | antidemocratic to create a complicated network of laws
               | that would have to be eliminated state by state in order
               | to ordain that an entire country must be ruled by two
               | intimately-linked private clubs in turn.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | The two-party system isn't so heavily institutionalized
               | "by law". The law generally gives advantages to parties
               | that pull in more than x% of the vote, and it so happens
               | that the first-past-the-post system of electing
               | representatives makes it very difficult for a third party
               | to take root.
        
               | sapphicsnail wrote:
               | How would that help? Political parties operate in states.
               | States are banning books and outlawing abortions too.
        
               | artificialLimbs wrote:
               | States are not printing billions of dollars and shipping
               | it overseas or wholesale spying on their populace for the
               | purpose of political manipulation.
        
           | Wowfunhappy wrote:
           | I do not find it surprising that groups of people with many
           | overlapping viewpoints do not have overlapping viewpoints
           | 100% of the time. If anything, I find it surprising that they
           | overlap so frequently.
           | 
           | Furthermore, I think the frequency of that overlap is a major
           | problem for our political system, because it makes compromise
           | impossible.
        
           | nyokodo wrote:
           | > crackpots talking about a uniparty, deep state vs the
           | people, etc
           | 
           | It's not controversial to suggest that the interests of the
           | political class, the special interests that fund their
           | campaigns, and Washington bureaucrats differ from the
           | interests of the public at large. You don't need to evoke
           | deep state conspiracies to explain nefarious coordination
           | because when career and monetary incentives align then bills
           | like this one get passed.
        
             | soraminazuki wrote:
             | Yep, this trend of dismissing undemocratic power structures
             | as conspiracy theories is deeply troubling. Important
             | issues such as surveillance, censorship, and the military-
             | industrial complex have a long history and are extensively
             | documented. Yet it's hard to bring these issues up today
             | without being labeled a far right conspiracist.
             | 
             | It wasn't always like this. Many have agreed these were
             | legitimate issues during the Iraq war. Where have all those
             | people gone today?
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | > Yet it's hard to bring these issues up today without
               | being labeled a far right conspiracist.
               | 
               | This really isn't all that true in my experience. And, I
               | mean, look at the discussion here... Maybe consider the
               | people you hang around with?
        
               | Zancarius wrote:
               | It's definitely who you hang around with, but I think how
               | the conversation is approached also dictates outcome.
               | Talk about a political ruling class with most people, and
               | they'll look at you as though you grew a third eyeball.
               | Talk about the Dems and Repubs being out of touch with
               | the average person due to the insulative effect of DC,
               | and they'll usually agree.
               | 
               | You can generally convey the same idea gently as long as
               | you hedge your phrasing somewhat. Making it sound like a
               | wacky accusation comes off sounding, well, wacky.
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | Really makes you think about whether there are some things
           | that can still transcend partisan showmanship, like national
           | security.
           | 
           | I still am a believer in digital freedom, I'm old enough to
           | have seen the changes in the Internet, and it is a much more
           | malevolent and fucked up force than it was even 15 years ago.
           | Maybe, just maybe, the government needs the power to spy on
           | international targets with oversight.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | The parties only have "disputes" on a short list of wedge
         | issues, and either side winning on those removes the that issue
         | as a cudgel that can motivate their base.
         | 
         | If you look at their donors, you'll see the lines. The people
         | who voted for it make money from the defense and intelligence
         | industries, and the people who didn't, don't. Voting for for
         | something majorities of the voters of both parties are against
         | is expensive (in terms of being re-elected.) That price is paid
         | by donors, and the media control that those donors will
         | exercise. Which again, is why the wedge issues are needed:
         | you're going to have to vote for those people who voted against
         | your civil liberties if you want Democrats to pretend to
         | protect abortion rights for another 4 years, or Republicans to
         | pretend to end them.
        
         | letsSpy wrote:
         | In other words, both parties are out there to screw you. We
         | need a different voting system that would allow a third and
         | fourth party to "exist". Like ranked-choice voting, maybe. Or
         | maybe just get rid or parties and let them all be independent.
         | 
         | Did Biden already sign it?
        
         | alexpotato wrote:
         | A couple years ago I stumbled upon this YouTube video:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qz27n1tNNMg
         | 
         | The summary is this:
         | 
         | - Votes in the House and Senate used to be anonymous
         | 
         | - They then decided to make them public under the reasoning of
         | transparency
         | 
         | - One side effect of making them public is that you got people
         | like Grover Norquist and The Americans for Tax Reform who could
         | see who voted for taxes and then use that to "name and shame"
         | people (there was a pledge signing in there as well). For more
         | details see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grover_Norquist
         | 
         | - This now means that it's MUCH easier for lobbyists and
         | special interest groups to see where to spend their money as a
         | Senator's voting history is public knowledge (which both sides
         | are WELL aware of)
         | 
         | - As a sibling poster points out: you can easily see who
         | receives money from defense groups vs not.
         | 
         | - This is probably good for us as voters in the short term but
         | bad for the country in the long term (Due to the above)
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | I'm not convinced that this is a problem. Lobbyists and
           | special interests already knew how politicians voted, they
           | just knew via old fashioned grapevine methods. There was an
           | information asymmetry between well connected lobbyists and
           | average people. The fact that no longer exists is a good
           | thing, in the long and short term.
        
         | lumb63 wrote:
         | What's most interesting is this is incredibly unpopular amongst
         | voters of both parties.
        
       | WhereIsTheTruth wrote:
       | Democracy baby! /s
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | People who get elected are not like regular people. Until we
         | fill at least one branch of government with randomly selected
         | people, we don't have a democracy.
        
       | ein0p wrote:
       | Only one thing can make these people work past midnight: abusing
       | the American public. "Representation", my ass. None of them
       | represents me or anyone I know.
        
         | Zancarius wrote:
         | Agreed, but the cynical side of me thinks that they _are_
         | representing their constituents. It 's just that neither you
         | nor me are their constituents. They pay lip service only during
         | an election year.
         | 
         | I'm politically very conservative. I hate every single one of
         | the Republicans. They claim to want smaller government and less
         | intrusion and then vote for... bigger government, more
         | intrusion, and endless wars.
         | 
         | I still vote, though. Mostly, at this point, it feels like an
         | act of protest more than anything.
        
           | ein0p wrote:
           | I struggle to nail down my political affiliation because
           | there's literally just one party. They quibble over
           | materially irrelevant hot button issues to create the
           | illusion of choice, but all the bullshit that robs me and my
           | kids or strips us of our rights is _always_ "bipartisan",
           | passed without reading in the dead of the night. And yeah the
           | only two choices in our upcoming "elections" here are a guy
           | with profound dementia who shakes hands with invisible
           | people, and a narcissist moron con man who writes at a fourth
           | grade level and capitalizes nouns for no reason. And neither
           | side considers this to be a problem. I'm beginning to think
           | this is some kind of a joke and the ruling class is just
           | trying to see how far they can take it before people revolt.
        
             | thejazzman wrote:
             | "pro life" is a pretty hard (and exploitive) line
             | separating the two
        
               | ein0p wrote:
               | Keep paying attention to that while they borrow $2T a
               | year and give it to their friends.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | This was going to pass regardless of the outcry. The unnecessary
       | drama of stalling until after midnight is all theater.
       | 
       | We need a significant change in leadership for all those that
       | voted this in.
       | 
       | If I recall correctly, this bill also includes an expansion of
       | surveillance performed by federal law enforcement agencies and
       | NSA.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _This was going to pass regardless of the outcry_
         | 
         | There was a real moment in the House where it might not have,
         | at least without a warrant requirement. My Congresswoman was
         | one of the attack dogs on this issue. She thought they would
         | get an outpouring of support. She didn't. The call sheets
         | registered basically zero calls in support, and several
         | lobbying against. So she caved. (This is a pattern I saw play
         | out in New York years earlier in another privacy battle.)
         | 
         | > _The unnecessary drama of stalling until after midnight is
         | all theater_
         | 
         | Sort of. The Senate calendar is funky. Putting it at the end of
         | the roll was theatre. Having _something_ voted on after
         | midnight was not.
        
           | user_7832 wrote:
           | > There was a real moment in the House where it might not
           | have, at least without a warrant requirement. My
           | Congresswoman was one of the attack dogs on this issue. She
           | thought they would get an outpouring of support. She didn't.
           | The call sheets registered basically zero calls in support,
           | and several lobbying against. So she caved. (This is a
           | pattern I saw play out in New York years earlier in another
           | privacy battle.)
           | 
           | What's odd/interesting to me is that there's been little
           | chatter of late regarding this. I spend an unhealthy amount
           | of time on HN/Reddit/X and save for a few mild posts (as
           | opposed to alarmist or clickbaity) on the topic, I barely see
           | anything. During the net neutrality thing back when Ajit Pai
           | was around I remember there was massive support. And I don't
           | think I've ever heard of the NY privacy thing you mention. I
           | wonder why it's so.
        
       | srj wrote:
       | I find you can get a good idea of what's going on from reading
       | between the lines of Wyden's statements. As a member of the
       | intelligence committee he cannot directly disclose the
       | operational details, but you can look at where he's concerned.
       | 
       | From the CNN article on this:
       | 
       | >> Another amendment at issue was from Democratic Sen. Ron Wyden
       | of Oregon, a member of the Intelligence Committee. His amendment,
       | which was co-sponsored by several of the most liberal Democrats
       | and conservative Republicans in the chamber, would strike a new
       | part of the program that he argued would lead every day Americans
       | into helping the government spy if they have "access to equipment
       | that is being or may be used to transmit or store wire or
       | electronic communications."
       | 
       | On the face of it, any cellphone or smartwatch seems to fit that
       | definition. They could be converting everything into a listening
       | device, recording all of it, and then making it available to
       | intel officers only when they query for it and can argue one
       | party is a foreign national.
        
         | hangsi wrote:
         | "Beautiful. Unethical. Dangerous."
         | 
         | So says Morgan Freeman's character Lucius Fox in 2008 in The
         | Dark Knight[0].
         | 
         | The rest of the tech imagined in that scene is plausible today
         | too, considering the density of WiFi/5G and research
         | demonstrating the potential for its use as passive radar [1].
         | That paper metions a cooperative base station, but I am
         | wondering if there is any value gained in knowing exactly what
         | the traffic is (such as some of the intelligence community
         | does) in modelling how the waves propagate and performing an
         | even more passive observation.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IRELLH86Edo
         | 
         | [1] Samczynski et al. 2021
         | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=966...
        
       | araes wrote:
       | Other info: This reauthorization of FISA includes the Turner-
       | Himes amendment introduced by Reps. Mike Turner (R-OH) and Jim
       | Himes (D-CT). (introduced House, passed Senate)
       | 
       | The Turner-Himes amendment expands the definition of "electronic
       | communications service (ECS) provider" to include "any service
       | provider" that has "access to equipment that is being or may be
       | used to transmit or store wire or electronic communications."
       | (except not personal dwellings and restaurants)
       | 
       | Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR) comment: "It allows the government to force
       | any American who installs, maintains, or repairs anything that
       | transmits or stores communications to spy on the government's
       | behalf. That means anyone with access to a server, a wire, a
       | cable box, a wifi router, or a phone. It would be secret: the
       | Americans receiving the government directives would be bound to
       | silence, and there would be no court oversight."
       | 
       | EFF comment: "The Justice Department is playing word games when
       | it says the amendment doesn't change the 'structure' of 702
       | because the law prohibits targeting entities inside the United
       | States. Garland's pledge, isn't worth the paper it's printed on;
       | if this amendment becomes law, the DOJ can and almost certainly
       | will rely on it to conscript other providers who fit within its
       | very broad scope."
       | 
       | Notably, Trump doesn't like FISA? (removed yelly caps) "Kill
       | FISA, it was illegally used against me, and many others. They
       | spied on my campaign!!!"
       | 
       | Pelosi's speech was amusing: "I don't have the time right now,
       | but if members want to know I'll tell you how we could have been
       | saved from 9/11 if we didn't have to have the additional
       | warrants."
       | 
       | https://www.theverge.com/2024/4/18/24134196/senate-cloture-v...
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/apr/12/fisa-surveil...
        
       | badrabbit wrote:
       | This is FISA right? The target is foreign individuals and
       | entities? It seems by default HN is against it, can someone
       | articulate why?
       | 
       | There are elected representatives of the people providing
       | oversight and it seems to have strong bipartisan support. Is
       | there a popular line of thought with tech people that is
       | suggesting foreign surveillance isn't neccesary? Or should some
       | provision of the law be updated to protect americans' data?
        
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