[HN Gopher] Research into why some people have a better sense of...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Research into why some people have a better sense of direction
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 49 points
       Date   : 2024-04-13 12:17 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (knowablemagazine.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (knowablemagazine.org)
        
       | chiph wrote:
       | The article focuses on latent ability. And goes somewhat into the
       | classification of people who use direction vs. those that use
       | landmarks to navigate.
       | 
       | There's a graphic in the article with four maps drawn from memory
       | by different people. They say that #1 is perfect and that #4 is
       | bad. As a programmer, I see them as connected graphs and that
       | both are nearly a match to each other. But #4 has a different
       | orientation and doesn't show curves in the road. But IMO it would
       | still allow you to get to the locations marked if you turned the
       | paper as you moved.
       | 
       | There are also people who have lost their sense of direction due
       | to injury. I had a neighbor who could not go to the supermarket
       | by themselves because of brain damage (from a car accident). They
       | were totally reliant on a family member - or later a GPS unit
       | just to travel as little as 3-4 blocks.
        
         | jprete wrote:
         | Unfortunately, you've completely missed the point of the four
         | drawings - seeing whether the drawer could identify and use
         | likely routes that they weren't shown. If map #1 is accurate,
         | then I can turn right when I get to the tree and take a
         | shortcut to the brick wall, or cut across from the lamps to the
         | green box without going through the four-road crossroad. Map #4
         | will be misleading at best for understanding the whole area -
         | if I try a shortcut from that map, I'll either get to the wrong
         | destination or leave the original area and be totally lost.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Everything in map #4 is backwards with respect to left/right
         | turns.
        
       | alwaysrunning wrote:
       | "the unique experiences each person accumulates as their life
       | unfolds. Good navigators, it appears, are mostly made, not born"
       | 
       | As the self proclaimed worst person in the world with directions,
       | I can vouch for this. I was never taught how to find north,
       | south, east, west as a kid, was never told to pay attention to
       | landmarks on your way somewhere, never told to pay attention to
       | street names, so on. And as a ultra runner my wife actually
       | stopped coming to my races for a while bc you are expected to
       | arrive at the next aid station around a certain time and if I
       | wasn't familiar with the area I would get lost and she would
       | worry that I was killed by a bear or smth. Since the advent of
       | GPS on your wrist and such I don't get lost nearly as much. I
       | honestly liked getting off course, being somewhere and seeing
       | views most of all humanity would never see. But I still fail the
       | test of 'point towards the lake' from sitting on my own couch. I
       | can't quite make the connection in my mind, like driving I can't
       | quite map out the entire route and often get streets confused.
        
         | freitzkriesler2 wrote:
         | I was never told any of that either nor was I taught that in
         | any capacity in school. However, the key difference ive noticed
         | is being in the moment IE paying attention to your immediate
         | environment and not getting lost in thought (or phone) that
         | differentiates those who have an intuitive sense of direction
         | versus those that don't.
         | 
         | With that said, I don't feel comfortable when I don't know
         | which way is north so I always try and figure that out first.
        
           | shitter wrote:
           | I think this is it for me. Since I was a kid, I've always
           | gotten lost in thought when walking around and don't readily
           | absorb my surroundings as a result. Even when I actively try
           | to do so, it's still hard to navigate because my brain isn't
           | well-trained to think that way.
        
         | bongodongobob wrote:
         | That's wild to me. I don't know how you wouldn't pay attention
         | to those things. No one told me to pay attention to landmarks,
         | I don't understand why you _wouldn 't_. Very interesting.
        
       | ninetyninenine wrote:
       | They should also correlate navigational ability with IQ.
       | 
       | If such a correlation exists or doesn't exist says a lot about
       | navigation.
       | 
       | An informal test:
       | 
       | Are there any really smart people here with credentials and
       | credibility to prove it who are also complete garbage at
       | navigation?
        
         | kevinventullo wrote:
         | I have a PhD in pure math yet rely on GPS for navigating all
         | but the most familiar routes.
        
           | latency-guy2 wrote:
           | I also maintain a PhD, not in pure math, I know which
           | direction I am facing at all times and can navigate without
           | explicitly referencing a physical map.
           | 
           | How close are we to developing a representative sample?
        
         | dschroer wrote:
         | My partner is a medical doctor. She can't navigate around. I
         | don't think there is any link. Navigation was something that I
         | was taught early and is a skill like anything else.
        
         | eightys3v3n wrote:
         | Awesome and productive suggestion. :D It seems we already have
         | one piece of evidence but I would add: Often the people who
         | live in the middle of nowhere are not thought of as smart, but
         | they can drive or walk 10s or 100s of km through the wilderness
         | and get to their destination. While those working high paying
         | jobs in a city often use a GPS to drive anywhere off their
         | usual route and never use any roads outside the main roads that
         | are familiar to their route. I for example, can completely
         | avoid rush hour going with the direction of rush hour, by
         | taking a different road. This wouldn't work if most people in
         | the city were good navigators (assuming they cared of course,
         | but I would argue good navigators way-find more creatively even
         | when they don't care much).
        
         | julian_t wrote:
         | My wife has very poor navigation skills, but is currently
         | completing her second masters out of six degrees. So pretty
         | smart, I guess.
         | 
         | But she's also really dyslexic, and we've wondered if that
         | could have anything to do with it.
        
           | neom wrote:
           | FWIW: Never met a dyslexic bad at navigation, your wife is
           | the first I've heard of and I ask every other dyslexic I've
           | met. I'm extremely dyslexic and extremely good at navigating.
           | Look at Google maps once and generally don't need to again, I
           | just keep the mental image of the map in my head. Can she
           | hold the mental photo of the map? Does she mixes up her left
           | and right? Does she also have dyscalculia?
        
         | gherkinnn wrote:
         | Anecdotally speaking I see no pattern. I can't see IQ
         | predicting whether one gets lost in a telephone box or not.
         | 
         | What I have noticed is that basement and lab dwellers are
         | hopeless at navigating.
        
         | bqmjjx0kac wrote:
         | > Are there any really smart people here with credentials and
         | credibility to prove it who are also complete garbage at
         | navigation?
         | 
         | Anecdatum: I think I'm smarter than the average bear. I have an
         | MS and work at a FAANG. However, I'm absolute shit at
         | navigation. Last month, I hung out with a friend who is
         | similarly bad at navigation and we lost the car for 15 minutes.
        
       | yoyohello13 wrote:
       | I would say I'm a good navigator. I credit my ability to easily
       | navigate around cities to playing 100s of hours of GTA as a kid.
        
       | parpfish wrote:
       | when I lived in a city with an underground transit system, it was
       | interesting how my mental map developed in a non-contiguous way.
       | 
       | I'd learn lots of little disconnected areas around each transit
       | station. But it would take a long time to learn how all those
       | little maps would relate to each other.
       | 
       | And each time I started realizing how two of those little
       | "islands" were related by streets on the surface, my initial
       | reaction was always disbelief. in my mind they were each distinct
       | little areas and it didn't seem possible that you could just walk
       | from one to the other
        
         | rnewme wrote:
         | I had the same experience. Even walking the same street down
         | from one side during night and then adjacent during the day,
         | not realizing it is the same place for weeks. The one day I had
         | most mind melting moment xd
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | IMO, living in neighborhoods where the streets are not
           | organized in a grid is the most disorienting thing.
           | 
           | You suddenly discover that those two places, that need
           | completely different routes to get into are right at the side
           | of each other. And you do that again and again, at completely
           | random places.
        
             | KptMarchewa wrote:
             | That's rather a description of a tendency to cut
             | neighboring areas, rather than grid system. There's plenty
             | of places in the world where places close to itself are
             | close to travel between.
        
         | life-and-quiet wrote:
         | This is such a great description of learning in general. You
         | get pockets of information, and then BAM suddenly you can see
         | how they relate.
        
         | senkora wrote:
         | This is why I love doing long runs in the city. It helps me
         | connect all the little islands in my mind together.
        
         | tetha wrote:
         | I was about to say exactly the same thing.
         | 
         | Early one, a city kind of feels like an old school point and
         | click adventure. There is train station x, and to the left of
         | one exit is this location, to the right of that exit is that
         | location.
         | 
         | But eventually there is that realization: Oh wait. 15 minutes
         | down this street is that other train station. 8 minutes down
         | that street is a bus line which connects to the line going
         | home. It's a bit of a rush to make these connections.
         | 
         | And that in turn opens up interesting options. I could just
         | walk with people I've been hanging out with at a concert,
         | because I'll just know how to get back home. Or from some
         | venues, there is good food nearby so you grab that and eat
         | while walking somewhat towards home for 20 minutes on a sunny
         | evening.
        
         | dasil003 wrote:
         | When I moved to London the fact that cycling was my primary
         | mode of transportation meant I quickly learned the overall
         | distance and distribution of common destinations and landmarks
         | in central London to a much greater depth than many
         | acquaintances who had lived there for years.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | As an undergrad that was so me with Boston/Cambridge which, in
         | many cases, I saw as T stops that were not really connected at
         | street level.
         | 
         | I still remember one time I made 2 line changes in downtown
         | Boston, walked about a block, and realized I was back where I
         | started :-)
        
         | zabzonk wrote:
         | the london tube map is a classic of this - the map is all about
         | how to navigate the tube system, not about distances above or
         | below ground. i moved to london about 40 years ago, and it took
         | me a while to work this out.
        
       | addminztrator wrote:
       | People keep telling me to get lost but I never do... I really
       | need to learn this skill
        
       | majmanhn wrote:
       | TIL about orienteering- seems fun! Also interesting (and maybe
       | intuitive) to see reliance on GPS correlates with diminished
       | navigational skills.
        
       | Scubabear68 wrote:
       | I'm in my 50's, so when I learned to drive there was no GPS or
       | phones or anything to help me. I liked to explore and see things,
       | so it all had to be done by maps. So I quickly learned to
       | oriented myself against NSEW and the roads.
       | 
       | Later in life I likewise got into hiking prior to GPS being
       | widely available. That really motivated me to be aware of my
       | environment and directions.
       | 
       | I am not perfect at it and can get disoriented if I'm not
       | careful, but generally speaking I almost always have a background
       | thread in my head keeping track of where I am and my orientation
       | when driving.
       | 
       | This came in incredibly handy a few months ago when my phone died
       | and I was picking up my son at a friend's house an hour away I
       | had only visited once before. It took a bit but I was able to
       | find the house again with zero electronic aids.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | I'm more careful hiking but I don't have maps from this century
         | in my car--and don't actually know what _is_ in there other
         | than knowing I have a satchel with some maps in it. I should
         | probably do an inventory one of these days.
         | 
         | It's really easy to depend on your phone for lots of things and
         | then not to have a backup plan if it fails.
        
           | jonah wrote:
           | "It's really easy to depend on your phone for lots of things
           | and then not to have a backup plan if it fails."
           | 
           | We see this so often in search and rescue. People take off on
           | some random hike they found on an app without charging their
           | battery and without knowing how long the hike will take
           | _them_. So, sooner or later, it gets dark and they start
           | using their phone as a flashlight which kills the battery on
           | their only navigation device. But, ehh, since they probably
           | don 't know how to read a map or orient themselves on it or
           | find their way back to the trail which they invariably
           | deviated from as some point and went ahead instead of turning
           | back. (Also, not a lot of cell coverage in the backcountry
           | anyway and probably didn't cache the maps.)
           | 
           | /Rant
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | I'll take shortcuts on very familiar easy local trails. But
             | anything else, I'll have map, compass, headlight, water,
             | some extra clothing, at least a minimal first aid kit, etc.
             | 
             | re: getting dark. I so often see people heading up a trail
             | at 3pm or whatever. Maybe they're just planning to go up a
             | ways but I wouldn't count on it. I've observed that even
             | fairly experienced people can be pretty bad about
             | establishing a sensible timeline.
        
             | tekla wrote:
             | People are so used to the luxuries of modern life, that
             | even a minor inconvenience becomes life threatening.
             | 
             | People go on hikes with no food, a single bottle of water,
             | and its a 13 mile hike up this mountain. Blank looks when I
             | ask "do you know where you might get more water????"
        
       | VoodooJuJu wrote:
       | I wish it talked more about place-naming, routes, roads, and all
       | that.
       | 
       | I can't give you directions to a lot of places because I can't
       | memorize the arbitrary sequence of route 123, then left on 56A,
       | exit 6, then sharp right onto 9. They're just mostly arbitrary,
       | indistinguishable roads. The numbers have some meanings [1], but
       | it's not enough. Routes and roads should be named according to
       | distinguishable landmarks or features, maybe in addition to their
       | number. Birch Parkway better be dotted with birch trees.
       | Cathedral Street better have a big cathedral that rises up above
       | the other buildings. The canyon road flanked with sandstone
       | should be called Red Rock Pass. These names are not only prettier
       | than random numbers, but they're meaningful and useful.
       | 
       | Of course places and features change over time, but not that
       | dramatically, and even if they do, just rename them.
       | Constantinople is now Istanbul. We can change the meaningful
       | names, but keep the number IDs.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Numbered_Highway...
        
         | jprete wrote:
         | US highway numbering was meant for machines, not people - even
         | if the machines of the time consisted of people obeying rules
         | and following instructions.
        
       | FiatLuxDave wrote:
       | One thing I don't see mentioned as a hypothesis for a factor in a
       | good sense of direction is inner-ear ability (directional
       | proprioception). A few years ago I met Buzz Aldrin at a NASA
       | conference, and he told me that he thought that people with a
       | poor innate direction sense make good astronauts, because having
       | good directional proprioception tends to lead to serious
       | spacesickness. The UCL game study would miss this because people
       | can't use bodily cues when navigating online. VR sickness is
       | quite related to this.
       | 
       | Anecdotally, my mother had a balance disorder, and could get lost
       | very quickly in even familiar surroundings, while I get motion
       | sick quite easily but have very good direction sense.
        
         | SkyPuncher wrote:
         | This is really interesting. I have amazing directional
         | awareness in real life, but the literal worse in video games.
        
           | quickslowdown wrote:
           | Same, my friends get frustrated playing Minecraft or other
           | large open world games with me because I'm constantly lost.
           | We walk 30 seconds or so away from the base and suddenly I'm
           | turned around and have no concept whatsoever of which
           | direction I came from or how to get back. Which just doesn't
           | happen to me in real life
        
             | hobs wrote:
             | It's definitely a skill different to the physical one
             | though, and one that needs plenty of practice - mapping
             | your virtual world and keeping a running tally of all the
             | objects and things you literally cant see except through a
             | tiny box is not something that comes naturally to most.
        
         | jemmyw wrote:
         | I wonder if this applies to me. I never learnt navigation
         | skills but I have a very good sense of direction and I'm also
         | very quick to motion sickness in games and on boats.
         | 
         | I actually consider it to be slightly dangerous that I'm over
         | confident about where I am and the direction I'm facing. It has
         | led to be marching down the wrong track, not realising I'm on a
         | parallel path that then sightly deviates.
        
       | tekla wrote:
       | Some people refuse to learn. I've always been fascinated that
       | people forget that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west
       | and if you can see the sun, you can have a general idea of where
       | you are going (assuming you know roughly when noon is).
       | 
       | Some are just amazed that I can tell where we are going until I
       | remind them I can see their shadows.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | Definitely not genetic. Folks in the same close family have
       | diametrically opposed abilities in this line.
       | 
       | I blame GPS navigation for a strong dip in talent in this
       | generation. They refuse to show you the map beyond a postage-
       | stamp area in the immediate vicinity. Making it utterly
       | impossible to get your bearings and make good decisions. You
       | become totally dependent on the device.
        
         | gedy wrote:
         | While true, I do wonder if there's something more innate. My
         | mother is totally unable to find her way around, but I've
         | always had a keen awareness of directions. E.g. my memories and
         | even dreams include position of things N, E, W, & S
        
         | wcedmisten wrote:
         | Totally agree on the device dependence. Sometimes I'll navigate
         | a route a few times with GPS and then try to find my way there
         | without it, just to learn the route.
         | 
         | I was thinking it would be cool to make an app that helps you
         | learn navigation. Maybe like a game to find your way to a given
         | place, and you get hints if you're off track.
        
       | freitzkriesler2 wrote:
       | Before smartphone gps, navigation was something I was really
       | proud of having as a skill. I could find my way around town by
       | just landmarks and directions from those landmarks.
       | 
       | Nowadays that skill is entirely lost. I recall playing arma 3 and
       | needing to use a map and compass. That was a fun exercise .
        
       | post_break wrote:
       | I'm very good with knowing where I am and where I'm going. It's
       | like a sixth sense compass I have built in. I don't know if it
       | was learned or what but at times it feels like a super power.
       | Grew up without GPS but did start driving around the time it got
       | good.
        
       | parasti wrote:
       | I largely credit my spatial awareness to studying maps and also
       | learning levels in Nexuiz (the original Nexuiz, a Quake-like
       | video game) and how teleport entrances/exits are oriented. That
       | felt like learning a skill that at one moment just clicked and I
       | haven't lost it since.
        
         | yazzku wrote:
         | That and the minimap in Diablo 2. Some people can't tell left
         | from right anymore when the car is pointing South.
        
       | netsharc wrote:
       | One tip I like is to set your navigation app to "north up". This
       | way you're aware which direction (in general) you're heading
       | towards. If you know you're going south east and there's a
       | detour, you know you need to find a parallel street heading
       | south-east-ish.
       | 
       | If translating the arrow pointing left and the next turn is down
       | to "turn right ahead" is confusing, on Google Maps at least the
       | top of the screen still has arrows pointing left or right how far
       | away you are from the turn, so this info is still there.
       | 
       | The tip is from Jeremy Clarkson of Top Gear, who does a lot of
       | driving.
        
         | svat wrote:
         | Strong agree; came here to recommend this -- this is something
         | I came up with by myself and thought I was the only one who did
         | this; glad to find others think the same. Doing this has
         | greatly improved my sense of direction (to much better than it
         | was before I started using GPS/navigation). It's like getting
         | instant feedback for your direction sense (e.g. I was driving
         | west and just now I turned left, so I'm now driving south), and
         | remaining oriented about where different places are wrt each
         | other.
         | 
         | A couple of screenshots for anyone confused:
         | 
         | Before:
         | https://media.mathstodon.xyz/media_attachments/files/112/264...
         | 
         | After:
         | https://media.mathstodon.xyz/media_attachments/files/112/264...
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | I have to have my map on "north up" or I get lost. I'm 60. I
         | also grew up in the US Midwest, where there's a NSEW square
         | grid of roads over a large portion of the region.
        
       | euroderf wrote:
       | A software complaint.
       | 
       | In mapping apps, why can't I get an indicator of where the sun is
       | in the sky ? Then if there's no landmarks, or I'm at an awful
       | intersection, or whatevs, I can use sun position to get oriented.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | If you have a working phone, you have a compass though.
         | 
         | There are ephemeris apps for photography but not sure what that
         | adds to just getting oriented with a compass, whether on your
         | phone or a separate mechanical device.
        
           | bqmjjx0kac wrote:
           | In my experience, the compass can be totally backwards when
           | you're around tall buildings.
        
       | eszed wrote:
       | One game I've played with myself whenever I've moved to a new
       | area is to drive or walk until I've felt irremedially lost, and
       | then break out the map or GPS to get back home. (I remember once
       | or twice trying it with random dice rolls at intersections, but
       | this didn't work as well as taking the least-familiar or most
       | interesting-looking choice.) It's a great way to discover places
       | you'd otherwise never visit, and is a fantastic way to give
       | yourself a gestalt sense of the locality.
        
       | spacecadet wrote:
       | "Internal GPS" here, but grew up navigating the deep Maine woods.
       | Also spent time navigating a single engine over the Alaskan bush
       | and various rally/overland races. I really like navigation, dead
       | reck, etc. It aint wrong, takes alot of practice and interest in
       | navigation to become fluent.
        
       | sramsay wrote:
       | Whenever I say, "I probably have the worst sense of direction of
       | anyone you will ever meet," people invariably say, "Oh, me too!"
       | 
       | And I say, "Really? So you are never surprised by what you see
       | when you walk out of the building you've been working in for 20
       | years (you know where the exits are, you just can't figure out
       | which exit leads to which side)? When you're sitting in a room in
       | your house you can determine -- within, say, ten or fifteen
       | minutes -- what room is above/below you? You _routinely_ get lost
       | going to places you 've been to hundreds of times in your own
       | city? There are perhaps only two or three places you can get to
       | in said city without a GPS receiver, but that's about it. You are
       | never, _ever_ without a compass? Anywhere? "
       | 
       | Really, folks. I've been like this my whole life (I'm 53), and I
       | have no other cognitive deficiencies that I know of. But when
       | people talk about "mental maps," I'm not entirely sure what
       | they're talking about. When someone says, "Oh, I know a shortcut"
       | it's always an absolute revelation. Navigating anywhere is like
       | being asked to memorize a 19-digit number.
       | 
       | Whenever I hear about greater or lesser abilities with navigation
       | -- and how one might go from lesser to greater -- I always assume
       | they are not talking about people like me. I really feel like I'm
       | truly impaired when it comes to this, and I'd love to know why!
        
         | bqmjjx0kac wrote:
         | I am also like this. I had a fight once with my SO where they
         | were upset with me for not trying to level up my navigation
         | skills. I have a growth mindset about many other things, but
         | I've just absolutely given up on navigation without a
         | smartphone.
         | 
         | I also have a hard time recognizing faces of celebrities, but
         | not people I know in real life.
         | 
         | From reading about prosopagnosia and other agnosias, I suspect
         | there's something funny with my fusiform gyrus.
        
           | erwinmatijsen wrote:
           | I've always linked my inability to navigate to my inability
           | to visualize things in my head. Even in the area where I've
           | been living for about 15 years now, I still struggle to
           | determine routes if I don't travel them very regularly.
           | 
           | This afternoon, we drove to a place in the city nearby. By
           | now, after so many years, I can guess which exit to take, but
           | I don't know whether to turn left or right at the end of the
           | exit until I'm at the end and recognise it from previous
           | times I've been there. But I can't picture it in my head
           | beforehand.
        
           | 7thpower wrote:
           | Are you me? If I had been born 15 years earlier, before GPS
           | nav, you would not be reading this because I would be dead in
           | a ditch somewhere.
        
         | KptMarchewa wrote:
         | I'm the absolute opposite way. One of the stories my parents
         | usually like to tell is when I was like 5 we were in unfamiliar
         | city, they got lost and could not find the car for over an hour
         | ignoring me, and when they finally listened to me I've managed
         | to get them back to the car in 5 minutes. I can easily
         | recollect how to get from points A to B in cities I've been
         | once 5 years ago.
        
       | UncleOxidant wrote:
       | I think those of us who came up before GPS and phones had an
       | advantage in developing a sense of direction (and I'll add here a
       | sense of orientation). I do tend to be aware of the cardinal
       | directions and can generally point them out with reasonable
       | accuracy when asked. Unfortunately, when I give people directions
       | I tend to say "Just to the East of such & such" or "Go south from
       | there" and people kind of give me a blank expression (especially
       | younger folks who haven't navigated without a phone/GPS) and I
       | have to figure out a different way to describe the orientation.
       | To me it makes sense, but giving cardinal directions seems to be
       | making less sense to people.
       | 
       | I think the other (related) aspect to this is being able to find
       | some place again after you've been there once. Usually I don't
       | need to consult a map to find a place if I've been there once,
       | but I know people who find this difficult and will continue to
       | consult online maps even after they've been somewhere before. So
       | someone might ask me "how do I get to that place" and I'll reply,
       | "we were there just last month - same place" and then I have to
       | remember that not everyone is able to find a place they've only
       | been to once before.
        
         | vsuperpower2020 wrote:
         | It's probably not a blank stare. Most of the time young people
         | don't actually want non-GPS directions and are just being
         | polite while you finish talking.
        
         | angiosperm wrote:
         | There are languages that have no relative directions. You never
         | "turn left", you only "turn south" or whatever.
         | 
         | People who grow up with one of those as their first language
         | all have absolute direction, even two-year-olds. If their boat
         | overturns at sea in a storm, they will never doubt whether
         | their boat blew away to the north or south. Everybody has to
         | get it right just to be able to speak with comprehensible
         | grammar, just the way you need to know what is past or to come.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-04-13 23:00 UTC)