[HN Gopher] Surprising public health benefit of unemployment?
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       Surprising public health benefit of unemployment?
        
       Author : RickJWagner
       Score  : 58 points
       Date   : 2024-04-10 11:42 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (timharford.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (timharford.com)
        
       | jerlam wrote:
       | TLDR: The health benefits are caused by a lack of air pollution,
       | likely by less car traffic. Study only examined the United
       | States, and was from the 2008 recession so the WFH wave hasn't
       | happened yet.
        
         | bsimpson wrote:
         | I'm sure the the 2020+ data is messy (people dying of
         | coronavirus, people not getting treatment for chronic diseases
         | because hospitals are scary, etc.), but I'd be curious to see
         | this same hypothesis tested there.
        
       | verteu wrote:
       | tldr: "The air becomes cleaner in areas where the economy slumps.
       | The researchers estimate that this cleaner air accounts for more
       | than one-third of the mortality reduction."
       | 
       | From the paper: "Recession-induced mortality declines are driven
       | primarily by external effects of reduced aggregate economic
       | activity on mortality, and recession-induced reductions in air
       | pollution appear to be a quantitatively important mechanism" [1]
       | 
       | [1] https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4717244
        
       | mock-possum wrote:
       | You know what a good way is to keep people honest without keeping
       | them unemployed?
       | 
       |  _Remote work._
        
         | bagels wrote:
         | What do you mean by "keep people honest", and how does remote
         | work achieve it?
        
           | ooterness wrote:
           | Possibly they meant "healthy"? Ducking autocorrect.
        
         | milesvp wrote:
         | I'm not sure how to interpret "keep people honest", but you
         | should know that most crime statistics show downturns during
         | economic slowdowns, for similar reasons as the article. People
         | stay home more. Most crime seems to be crimes of convenience,
         | and if you don't see the thing to steal/murder, then you don't
         | steal/murder. I strongly suspect this is partly why
         | premeditated crime tends to be dealt with more harshly.
         | 
         | Source: good friends with a public defender.
        
       | thelastgallon wrote:
       | The public health benefits of clean air not well known. Air
       | Pollution Kills 10 Million People a Year. Why Do We Accept That
       | as Normal?
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/08/opinion/environment/air-p...
       | 
       | COVID killed approximately 6.5M+ over 3 years. Air pollution has
       | more impact on public health.
       | 
       | EVs can help a lot with air pollution:
       | https://electrek.co/2023/02/10/surprise-electric-cars-are-al...
        
         | wing-_-nuts wrote:
         | Even ICE cars now days are so efficient that most of their
         | pollution comes from the _tires_ not the tail pipe. This is
         | doubly true for EVs.
         | 
         | I fully support a transition to EVs, but if we really wish to
         | cut down on air pollution why not strongly encourage remote
         | work and cut out the commute entirely?
        
           | no_wizard wrote:
           | That's what kills me about all the companies that trot out
           | these green initiatives and turn around and mandate RTO or
           | hybrid arrangements.
           | 
           | The commute forced upon the workers cancels out most if not
           | all the good that the green initiatives do.
        
             | vinyl7 wrote:
             | That's because it's mostly virtue signalling rather than
             | actually wanting to help the environment
        
           | xvedejas wrote:
           | Or do what many urban areas do efficiently: make it easy to
           | commute by train. Even a bus commute cuts down the tire
           | pollution per commuter significantly. Building more housing
           | near job centers can help both shorten commutes and make mass
           | transit more desirable.
        
         | roody15 wrote:
         | Just toss in "obesity". Greatest health crisis in the last 50
         | years is undeniably rising obesity levels...
         | 
         | https://usafacts.org/articles/obesity-rate-nearly-triples-un...
        
       | RankingMember wrote:
       | I think the positives of remote work vastly outweigh the
       | negatives, particularly in orgs with established culture and a
       | not-insane amount of turnover. This just adds another positive to
       | the pile, though I think this particular benefit is unique to
       | North America and its extremely car-centric transportation setup.
        
       | selimthegrim wrote:
       | You might want to tell _The Big Short_ scriptwriters that.
        
       | throwaway14356 wrote:
       | If houses were made easy to move the back door could go straight
       | to the place of work.
        
         | TylerE wrote:
         | You don't want to live in a mobile home. Trust me.
         | 
         | "Easily moved" and "Not a death trap in a storm" are strongly
         | negatively correlated.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | > The trope is that industrialising cities in Asia are smog-
       | ridden
       | 
       | I had to stop reading here. This isn't a trope. This is
       | undeniable fact. I've seen it, lived it, breathed it, have
       | pictures to show.
        
         | diebeforei485 wrote:
         | Depends where and when. China has largely fixed its air quality
         | problems as of 2024.
        
           | nikkwong wrote:
           | I'm in China right now and I can unequivocally tell you that
           | this is not true. I can hardly see the sun and it's not due
           | to overcast weather.
        
           | NickC25 wrote:
           | They did so for the Olympics by stopping a lot of polluters
           | from operating.
           | 
           | As soon as the games left town, the pollution came back.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | beijing stayed clean after the olympics.
        
               | PNewling wrote:
               | I decided just to google Beijing air quality and both
               | results came back... Not so good.
               | 
               | "Dangerous Any exposure to the air, even for a few
               | minutes, can lead to serious health effects on everybody.
               | Avoid outdoor activities."
               | https://www.accuweather.com/en/cn/beijing/101924/air-
               | quality...
               | 
               | "Very Unhealthy Health warnings of emergency conditions.
               | The entire population is more likely to be affected."
               | https://aqicn.org/city/beijing/
               | 
               | So not sure I fully believe that.
        
           | ApolloFortyNine wrote:
           | Source for this being categorically false [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.iqair.com/us/china/beijing
           | 
           | See the list of cities in China on the left for more...
        
         | ebiester wrote:
         | The trope is the "but that" portion - that is, Western Europe
         | and the US didn't have such concerns.
        
         | crimsoneer wrote:
         | ... Do you think maybe it's worth reading the whole article?
         | 
         | > The air becomes cleaner in areas where the economy slumps.
         | The researchers estimate that this cleaner air accounts for
         | more than one-third of the mortality reduction. This may come
         | as a surprise, because we are not accustomed to regarding air
         | pollution as a problem for rich countries -- the trope is that
         | industrialising cities in Asia are smog-ridden, but that for
         | America and Europe the only pollutant that need worry us is the
         | greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.
        
       | nuancebydefault wrote:
       | In fact what first comes to mind: no work, no commute, less car
       | accidents. Are those accounted for in the study?
       | 
       | Also, smokers who get unemployed, will smoke more, out of
       | boredom.
       | 
       | Just to say, I find the result of the study quite hard to
       | believe.
        
         | xyzwave wrote:
         | > Also, smokers who get unemployed, will smoke more, out of
         | boredom.
         | 
         | Unemployed smokers will have less disposable income, and may
         | not be able to afford to smoke more.
        
       | roughly wrote:
       | This has been known for some time now - the health benefits alone
       | of decarbonization would pay for the cost:
       | https://www.who.int/news/item/05-12-2018-health-benefits-far...
        
       | ChuckMcM wrote:
       | This link[1] takes you to the paper.
       | 
       | From "external influences": _We explore three main potential
       | sources of positive external health effects from recessions
       | suggested by prior literature: reductions in the spread of
       | infectious disease (Adda 2016), increases in the quality of
       | healthcare (Stevens et al. 2015), and reductions in pollution
       | (Chay and Greenstone 2003; Heutel and Ruhm 2016). We find little
       | support for a role for the first two classes of external effects,
       | but evidence consistent with a quantitatively important role for
       | recession-induced reductions in air pollution in explaining about
       | 40 percent of the recession-induced mortality declines._
       | 
       | They don't cover lower driving (fewer accidents), health care
       | tied to employment (under reported health incidents), or work
       | place accidents (deaths due to statistical risk in higher risk
       | jobs like construction, mining, etc.)
       | 
       | So no, not a particularly insightful study in my opinion.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2024/program/paper/TEE9A8Q...
        
         | redavni wrote:
         | I didn't read the entire paper, but I don't see lowered stress
         | and lack of sleep mentioned anywhere. These would be the most
         | obvious answers and should be addressed.
         | 
         | https://bfi.uchicago.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Lives-vs...
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | How dare you ruin a good headline and "think piece" with
         | critical thinking!
         | 
         | /s
        
       | spacecadet wrote:
       | Marketing content to sell unscientific books.
        
       | imzadi wrote:
       | Ehh... I suspect that the cleaner air is more a correlation than
       | a causation. It seems like fewer accidents due to fewer drivers
       | would be a more direct cause. The cleaner air is just a side
       | effect. I didn't see any mention of accident rates in the
       | article.
        
       | yujian wrote:
       | tl;dr - less work = less pollution = less likely old people dying
        
       | ThinkBeat wrote:
       | Yes, the climate wins with high unemployment.
       | 
       | People lose their homes, become homeless, that saves a lot of
       | energy. A home needs to be cooled, warmed, light, tv etc all that
       | regular stuff. If society is lucky, the person will not be able
       | to own a car either. Also doesn't waste energy on cooking, doest
       | shower much.
       | 
       | When a person is homeless, he contributes vastly less pollution.
       | 
       | The homeless may be the people contributing the best effort to
       | limit pollution.
       | 
       | We could probably hit our targets for climate change by
       | increasing the homeless population by several magnitudes.
        
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       (page generated 2024-04-11 23:01 UTC)