[HN Gopher] British Placename Mapper
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       British Placename Mapper
        
       Author : bookofjoe
       Score  : 106 points
       Date   : 2024-04-08 12:06 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (placenames.rtwilson.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (placenames.rtwilson.com)
        
       | jxtr wrote:
       | Relevant video from Map Men: https://youtu.be/uYNzqgU7na4
        
       | willyt wrote:
       | Just needs a pronunciation guide now. British place names are
       | impossible to pronounce even for native British English speakers
       | because they are often not said how they are written and only
       | people within a 15 mile radius will know the right way.
        
         | switch007 wrote:
         | One place even has six silent letters at the beginning!
        
           | willtemperley wrote:
           | I don't think people from that particular place, using that
           | particular spelling consider themselves British
        
             | switch007 wrote:
             | Thanks, I know. Was trying to keep it light. Oh well
        
               | willtemperley wrote:
               | You managed to find the only context imaginable in which
               | the joke didn't work!
        
           | Shrezzing wrote:
           | Cwmystwyth is 10 letters with no vowels.
        
             | eigenket wrote:
             | No it's not. W and y are vowels in Welsh (y can also be a
             | consonant sometimes but I _think_ only in words loaned from
             | English). In Welsh the letter w stands for a sound
             | something like the double o in the English word book.
        
           | arethuza wrote:
           | I presume you are referring to Derry/Londonderry?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derry/Londonderry_name_dispute
        
             | arp242 wrote:
             | And the obvious way to solve this would be to rename it to
             | Zurichderry, which will make everyone equally unhappy and
             | angry, and is therefore the fairest solution.
        
             | switch007 wrote:
             | Right, though I didn't realise the website doesn't cover NI
        
           | lenerdenator wrote:
           | There's an event horizon that conventional wisdom slips over
           | when dealing with many things in the British Isles.
           | 
           | You don't pronounce the first six letters in Londonderry,
           | four countries is the same as one country, 26 + 6 somehow
           | equals one...
        
             | switch007 wrote:
             | But you're OK with 50 states and a district being one
             | country?
             | 
             | Also I'm curious if you're familiar with any history of the
             | islands of Ireland and Great Britain? If not, I recommend
             | reading up - save you accusing any country of just being
             | unwise, or whatever it is you are attempting to convey with
             | "an event horizon that conventional wisdom slips over"
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | "Four countries is one country" is very different from
               | "50 states is one country".
               | 
               | For one, Northern Ireland is variously described as a
               | country, province or region despite (sometimes) having
               | its own government and semi-independent legal system.
               | 
               | Wales has its own language and parliament, but shares a
               | legal system (but not all laws) with England.
               | 
               | Scotland has its own legal system and is supposed to be
               | the equal counter-party to {England {which included
               | Wales}} in the name "United Kingdom of ...".
               | 
               | England doesn't have an independent parliament of its
               | own, "just" (scare-quotes needed) the one for the whole
               | UK.
               | 
               | The history may have led to the status quo, but it's fair
               | and reasonable to say the status quo is bonkers.
        
               | switch007 wrote:
               | This discussion reminds of when a junior joins a team on
               | an old monolith and after 3 days claims everything a
               | mess! It's bonkers! How can you work like this! I could
               | rewrite this perfectly in 3 months! Is it "bonkers" if
               | it's generating $1bn in revenue?
               | 
               | UK GDP is $3tn :D
               | 
               | > "Four countries is one country" is very different from
               | "50 states is one country".
               | 
               | I don't think you made a very compelling argument. Both
               | are made of constituent parts. Both are "united" in
               | various ways. States have their own constitutions, laws
               | etc. It's messy. Fewer issues around language, I grant
               | that.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > UK GDP is $3tn :D
               | 
               | Most of which is England
               | 
               | > I don't think you made a very compelling argument
               | 
               | Fair enough.
               | 
               | "Four countries is one country" has the same level of
               | abstraction; "50 states is one country" (or in reverse,
               | the EU can be seen as "27 countries one state" if you
               | squint and are a bit vague with definitions) is different
               | kinds of abstraction.
               | 
               | Pizza is a possible pizza topping, but it's also weird.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | I like the French now tradition of a full reboot every
               | now and then. Cruft is qaint, but century after century
               | or so parts become a burden. Forcing yourself to decide
               | what to keep and what to toss is good.
        
         | happymellon wrote:
         | The US has the same issue, just maybe not to the same extent.
         | 
         | Is it pronounced in English, Spanish, one of the Native
         | American tongues?
         | 
         | Unless you are from the US and get taught these things it's
         | easy to get place names wrong.
        
           | eigenket wrote:
           | US pronunciation is (from the point of view of a western
           | european) very very wild sometimes. If you ask anyone who
           | lives closer to Paris than America how to pronounce the
           | university of Notre Dame you're going to get a very different
           | answer to someone who's an alumnus (something like Nodur
           | Dayme?).
        
             | julian_t wrote:
             | Yep... Calais (ME) and Bryn Mawr (PA) come to mind.
        
               | kjellsbells wrote:
               | New Orleans.
               | 
               | Nor-luns (locals)
               | 
               | Nyoo Or-lee-uns (british)
               | 
               | Noo Or-leh-onz (confused french people)
               | 
               | Its confusing.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | French people say La Nouvelle Orleans as it is supposed
               | to be ;)
        
               | sorokod wrote:
               | What would a native French speaker make of DuPage county?
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/DuPage_County,_Illinois
        
               | eigenket wrote:
               | The name of the whole of Illinois is an American-English
               | mispronunciation of a French mispronunciation of a Native
               | American word which is/was something like irenwe*wa.
        
               | dctoedt wrote:
               | I think they'd also say _laissez rouler les bon temps_
               | (let roll the good times) as proper French grammar.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | Versaylz, Indiana.
        
         | willtemperley wrote:
         | Even locals can't decide on pronunciation - Shrewsbury is
         | pronounced as it is written unless you're posh, when it becomes
         | Shrowsbury.
         | 
         | https://www.shropshirestar.com/news/2015/06/27/shrowsbury-or...
        
           | Shrezzing wrote:
           | Bicester is another canonical example. Pronounced like
           | "Mister" with a "B" in place of the "M". I don't think a
           | single native English speaker would correctly pronounce
           | Bicester on their first attempt.
        
             | tompko wrote:
             | The elision of the 'e' in -cester placenames so that the
             | 'c' and 's' have a single sound is reasonably common e.g.
             | Leicester, Gloucester, Worcester, Towcester, Bicester. So
             | English natives should have a reasonable chance of getting
             | the pronunciation of a previously unseen example correct.
        
               | pirates wrote:
               | I have heard even Manchester sometimes spoken that way as
               | well, depending on who you're talking to.
        
               | JdeBP wrote:
               | It's not even unreasonable. -caster, -chester, and
               | -cester are related suffixes.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | All descending from the Latin "castrum", which means
               | "fort". So if a placename has one of those suffixes,
               | chances are high that it was a Roman settlement.
        
               | NeoTar wrote:
               | Godmanchester in Cambridgeshire, although now pronunced
               | by most people as 'God-Man-Chest-Er', used to be
               | pronounced (and may still be by some locals) as Gumster.
        
               | darrenf wrote:
               | And then along comes Cirencester.
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | Sissiter according to the locals in the old days, Siren
               | when I was growing up in nearby Swindon.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | And that's why "Worcester Sauce" is the second most
               | mispronounced culinary term in Germany (after
               | "Stracciatella") *
               | 
               | [*] - according to my made-up-on-the spot stats
        
               | tonymillion wrote:
               | Also doesn't help that it's actual name is
               | "Worcestershire sauce" which is even more difficult to
               | say.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | Now I must know: how do Germans pronounce stracciatella?
        
             | hoseja wrote:
             | Similar to Worcester.
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | If you take the M40 to Bicester, you pass by High Wycombe.
        
           | BoxOfRain wrote:
           | If you're on a Transport for Wales train you'll hear it said
           | as _Amwythig_ as well. There 's a surprising amount of Welsh
           | names for English cities:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_exonyms#United_Kingdom_(.
           | ..
        
           | jaclaz wrote:
           | Anyone remembers the character of Raymond Luxury-Yacht
           | (pronounced "Throatwobbler Mangrove") ?
           | 
           | https://montypython.fandom.com/wiki/Raymond_Luxury-Yacht
        
         | arethuza wrote:
         | There can also be cases where nobody in the area actually uses
         | anything close to the "official" name - e.g. Fraserburgh being
         | known as "The Broch" or Aberchirder as "Foggie", Gardenstown as
         | "Gamrie"...
         | 
         | NB Been a while since I lived in an adjacent area, things may
         | have changed...
        
           | ochrist wrote:
           | The Netherlands have several of these, the most famous one
           | probably being The Hague:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hague#Etymology
           | 
           | Officially (in some official documents) the name of the city
           | is "'s-Gravenhage", but normally it's just called "Den Haag".
           | 
           | Another similar one from The Netherlands is this:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'s-Hertogenbosch
        
         | dspillett wrote:
         | A complaint typically mad by Americans. Amusingly the person
         | who recently took issue with the matter in my (physical)
         | presence came from a place in _Arkansas_ which from then on I
         | 've deliberately pronounced ahh-can-sas.
         | 
         | The issue is more common in countries old enough to have not
         | made up most of their place names (or unimaginatively stolen
         | them from elsewhere, looking at you New York, Boston, Paris,
         | etc.!) in recent centuries, so there has been a lot more
         | evolution (or in some cases outright replacement due to
         | invasions & politics) in language pronunciation and/or spelling
         | since those names were first coined, but the young whipper-
         | snappers like the US are far from immune to the problem.
        
         | dspillett wrote:
         | _> Just needs a pronunciation guide now._
         | 
         | A far from trivial task, given we can't agree on (for "can't
         | agree on", read "actually have arguments about") the
         | pronunciation of simple baked products.
         | 
         | It is _neither_ scone nor scone you fools. Both are wrong, and
         | it should in fact be pronounced "scone".
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | And then there are the jam/cream wars...
        
         | lambdas wrote:
         | I would also like the people of Frome to stop being churlish
         | and admit that's not how you pronounce that combination of
         | letters
        
           | flir wrote:
           | frrrrrruuuume!
           | 
           | (rhymes with scone).
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | > (rhymes with scone).
             | 
             | For those who didn't hear the whoosh, is that the 'scoan'
             | or 'scon' pronunciation?
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Bonus third choice: Stone of Scone.
               | 
               | Pronounced like Frome ;)
        
         | helsinkiandrew wrote:
         | > Just needs a pronunciation guide now
         | 
         | The Map Men on YouTube did a short (8min) video on why
         | pronunciation is hard and a guide:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uYNzqgU7na4
        
         | psunavy03 wrote:
         | TIL Britain is like Washington State. Try getting anyone from
         | east of the Cascades to pronounce Sequim, Snoqualmie,
         | Snohomish, Puyallup, or Cle Elum correctly.
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | I think there are even places with the same spelling but
         | different pronunciations, as they're a long distance from each
         | other.
        
         | iam-TJ wrote:
         | I get a giggle every time I hear an American talk about "Fort
         | Belvoir" because in the English Vale of Belvoir, under Belvoir
         | Castle, it is pronounced "Beaver" not "Bel-Voir"
        
       | flir wrote:
       | Shame it doesn't do regexes so you can control for position in
       | word.
       | 
       | But a search for thorpe (Scunthorpe, Mablethorpe, Cleethorpes,
       | farmstead) vs a search for ney (Athelney, Muchelney, Thorney,
       | island) will give you a feel for the influence of Anglo-Saxon vs
       | Old Norse.
        
         | pxndxx wrote:
         | What? It does do regex, and start/end of word, by default. It's
         | the "Anywhere" dropdown.
        
           | flir wrote:
           | Ooh, thanks!
        
         | madcaptenor wrote:
         | It also lets you create a link to a search - here's the one you
         | mentioned.
         | https://placenames.rtwilson.com/#W3sidGV4dCI6InRob3JwZSIsImN...
        
       | scaglio wrote:
       | Interesting! Surely there are lots of moors...
        
         | throwaway598 wrote:
         | Moorhamshirecockbottom, being one.
        
       | tetris11 wrote:
       | Looking for places that have a "-ham" AND a "-wich" in there, I
       | lazily used the regex `.*ham.*wich`, which yielded a single
       | result in all of the UK:
       | 
       | "Hammerwich" (near Wolverhampton)
        
         | arrowsmith wrote:
         | You made me think of the neighbouring settlements of "Ham" and
         | "Sandwich", as seen on this sign:
         | https://www.flickr.com/photos/doverpast/3672723972
        
           | tetris11 wrote:
           | Because of course.
        
       | madeofpalk wrote:
       | Of course my first search was 'cock'
        
         | DonHopkins wrote:
         | I found Fartown and Fartown Green, Trofarth, Stoke Farthing,
         | Winfarthing, Farther Howegreen, Farthing Street, Stoke
         | Farthing, and Farthingloe!
        
           | dmurray wrote:
           | But only one Scunthorpe.
        
             | DonHopkins wrote:
             | Then there's Haseley Knob and Knob's Crook.
             | 
             | So much for "No one from the UK will buy a keyboard named
             | KNOB".
             | 
             | https://twitter.com/benfryc/status/1776974002616951210
        
               | pards wrote:
               | Utah's "Gobblers Knob" [0] takes the cake on this one
               | 
               | [0] https://maps.app.goo.gl/PzYTNtwaPBzQk84S6
        
         | kitd wrote:
         | A short 30-minute drive from my house can take me to Cocking,
         | via S.Harting and Didling.
        
         | mattkevan wrote:
         | My parents live in a village next to Fingeringhoe, which never
         | fails to amuse my inner 8 year old, no matter how many times
         | I've been there.
        
           | arrowsmith wrote:
           | Also "Penistone".
           | 
           | (It's pronounced "PEN-iss-tun")
        
       | lordelph wrote:
       | Very interesting tool! My Yorkshire grandfather would often say
       | "kirk" instead of "church", which I always thought was more of a
       | Scottish word. Doing a place name comparison of those words shows
       | a fairly clear division of north and south -
       | https://placenames.rtwilson.com/#W3sidGV4dCI6ImtpcmsiLCJjb2x...
        
         | arethuza wrote:
         | Interestingly enough when I was growing up in a small Scottish
         | village (~1000 people) it was the Church of Scotland that was
         | referred to as the "kirk" - the other 5 or so "churches"
         | weren't referred to as kirks.
        
         | 9dev wrote:
         | ...which ties neatly in the German word for church, which is
         | _Kirche_ (the "ch" is phonetically similar to "k"). How did I
         | never notice that?
        
           | 0xdada wrote:
           | I wouldn't be surprised if that's also via Scandinavian
           | influence (kyrke). Some other examples are bra, barn, hus.
        
             | GordonS wrote:
             | Another one is kist, which apparently means "chest" in
             | Norwegian too.
        
           | bonki wrote:
           | In which universe are German k and ch phonetically similar?
        
           | eigenket wrote:
           | In the UK the word comes from Norse, via the Viking Invasion
           | not directly from anything Germanic (other than that Germanic
           | and Norse share some stuff).
        
             | vidarh wrote:
             | Norse is/was _a_ Germanic language, just like Norwegian,
             | German, Dutch, German _and_ English.
             | 
             | English, though has Germanic influence in multiple rounds -
             | both through the influx of Angles and Saxons, and through
             | the later viking invasions.
        
         | vesinisa wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_generic_forms_in_place...
         | 
         | According to this "kirk" is Old Norse (i.e. Viking) in origin.
         | It's the same Germanic root as modern English church.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | Kirke in modern Norwegian.
           | 
           | Scottish include quite a few other Norse forms. E.g. "bairn"
           | (child), vs "barn" in Norwegian.
        
       | beAbU wrote:
       | Glad to know that all the "* on sea" places are actually coastal.
        
         | hengistbury wrote:
         | Though interestingly there is a "Portsmouth" in West Yorkshire
         | which is neither a port, nor at the mouth of any river or
         | estuary.
        
           | philk10 wrote:
           | I'm from Southport, NW England - not in the South and not
           | even a port
        
       | DonHopkins wrote:
       | The combination of the giant hand cursor with the hot spot
       | underneath in the middle so you can't see what the palm is
       | "pointing" to, plus the teenie tiny little dot targets, plus the
       | small pop-up tooltip text that the cursor partially covers up,
       | sure makes it hard and frustrating to use! Zooming in doesn't
       | help, the tiny dots stay small.
       | 
       | Why aren't more user interface designers aware of Fitts' Law, and
       | why do some seem to violate it on purpose?
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitts%27s_law
        
       | secondcoming wrote:
       | I'm surprised that there are only 3 places in Scotland that begin
       | with 'Bally'.
       | 
       | No 'Baile' outside of the remotest areas either.
        
       | vesinisa wrote:
       | -by (Norse suffix for 'settlement') vs. -bury (corruption of Old
       | English for 'castle') lets you pretty nicely draw out the borders
       | of the historic Danelaw i.e. the area where the Norse Vikings
       | settled:
       | 
       | https://placenames.rtwilson.com/#W3sidGV4dCI6ImJ5IiwiY29sb3I...
       | 
       | Compare against this map:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:England_878.svg
       | 
       | The Danelaw ceased to politically exist over a thousand years ago
       | so that's pretty impressive.
        
         | JdeBP wrote:
         | As I said in another comment, just bear in mind the possibility
         | that the map of 878 England from the 19th century could well be
         | based upon the same evidence. Although it is significant that
         | the names survive and show clear boundaries, it may well be a
         | lot less significant that a modern map and a 19th century map
         | show the same boundaries.
        
         | mdpye wrote:
         | -thorpe, from either old nose or Anglo saxon also shows another
         | nice geographical line. Complements the defaults selected on
         | the page nicely:
         | 
         | https://placenames.rtwilson.com/#W3sidGV4dCI6ImJ1cmdoIiwiY29...
        
         | arethuza wrote:
         | Quite a lot of what is now Scotland was Norse for a long time -
         | the most obvious name being "Sutherland" (Sudrland) which is
         | extreme north west of the island of Britain:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandinavian_Scotland
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | The Norse vs. Old English vs. Roman place naming also explains
         | the inconsistent pronunciation (see other subthread)
        
         | fransje26 wrote:
         | So very interesting. Thank you!
        
       | ubutler wrote:
       | This reminds me of an episode of Map Men where they offhandedly
       | point out that by plotting British place names of Viking origins,
       | it is possible to see the true extent of their invasion:
       | https://youtu.be/uYNzqgU7na4?si=l-b6-p4fSeviWmMs&t=310. In fact,
       | the map they show in that episode
       | (https://www.reddit.com/r/MapPorn/comments/n2s2qu/map_of_brit...)
       | looks strikingly similar to this map I've found on Wikipedia of
       | Celtic, Danish and English territory in 878:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:England_878.svg
        
         | kitd wrote:
         | You can do the same with early Saxons and the '-ing' suffix. It
         | is concentrated towards the south east. Variants such as
         | '-ington' and '-ingham' came later incorporating wider
         | influences.
        
         | JdeBP wrote:
         | It's worth remembering that the 19th century map of 878 could
         | well have been constructed the same way from the same evidence.
        
         | walthamstow wrote:
         | My favourite thing about that map is how much of modern eastern
         | England is still under the North Sea
        
       | n4r9 wrote:
       | Fewer "cum"s than I expected:
       | https://placenames.rtwilson.com/#W3sidGV4dCI6IiBjdW0gIiwiY29...
       | 
       | It's missing a couple of my favourites such as Bassingbourn cum
       | Kneesworth
       | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bassingbourn_cum_Kneesworth) and
       | Shingay cum Wendy
       | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingay_cum_Wendy). Perhaps they
       | are too small to count.
       | 
       | EDIT: Shingay and Wendy are listed as separate villages. Silly
       | me!
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | Thanks to this I found the source data which is really cool:
       | https://osdatahub.os.uk/downloads/open/OpenNames - you can
       | download a zip file full of CSVs with a huge number of geographic
       | names (with British National Grid (EPSG:27700) coordinates).
        
       | amsterdorn wrote:
       | -mouth is another good one, lots of river openings!
        
       | ollybee wrote:
       | bank is interesting, broadly north west, when you might expect
       | south east.
        
         | vincebowdren wrote:
         | It's from an Old English toponym, and those are sometimes quite
         | variable across the country; for example locally in Sheffield
         | any steep hillsides are named 'cliffe' e.g. Attercliffe,
         | Brincliffe.
        
       | operator-name wrote:
       | It's interesting to see that the cardinal directions are
       | everywhere since they're used locally:
       | 
       | https://placenames.rtwilson.com/#W3sidGV4dCI6Ik5vcnRoIiwiY29...
        
       | xandrius wrote:
       | Doesn't seem to work worldwide just UK.
        
         | arrowsmith wrote:
         | Perhaps that's why it's called the "British Place Name mapper"
        
           | xandrius wrote:
           | Still not strictly meaning that it cannot find a British
           | place name elsewhere.
           | 
           | The very first test would be "York" or "London" for many
           | folks.
        
       | fransje26 wrote:
       | Oh, this is such a cool tool. Amazing! Thanks!
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | (Godmanchester, Manchester, Chester) is a Matryoshka Settlement
       | of length 3. Is there one of length 4?
        
       | Eavolution wrote:
       | Annoyingly I don't think this is working with NI, I tried starts
       | with Bally (which there's a lot of in NI, ballymena, ballymacash,
       | ballycastle etc) and I only got a couple in Scottland
        
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       (page generated 2024-04-10 23:01 UTC)