[HN Gopher] Bradford pear trees banned in few states - More are ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Bradford pear trees banned in few states - More are looking to
       eradicate them
        
       Author : acdanger
       Score  : 105 points
       Date   : 2024-04-02 03:51 UTC (19 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.usatoday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.usatoday.com)
        
       | brightball wrote:
       | I'm in one of the states that banned them and I used to have 2 in
       | my back yard. Never really understood the fuss.
        
         | sarchertech wrote:
         | They're invasive, they outcompete native trees, and they have
         | many negative attributes. The wild descendants are particularly
         | bad because they have thorns and grow in dense hard to remove
         | thickets.
        
           | marcus0x62 wrote:
           | They are also terribly brittle. Every single time there is a
           | storm in my neighborhood, at least one person has a massive
           | Bradford Pear split in half in their front yard (if we're
           | lucky - if not, it's out in the road.) Builders plant them
           | because they grow quickly, and, of course, they don't have to
           | deal with the problems a few years down the road.
           | 
           | Bradford's also smell really bad.
        
         | happytiger wrote:
         | Beyond the invasive mess they are making, there's this:
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/23agnj/til_t...
        
       | joe_guy wrote:
       | > it's contributing to the spread of related invasive trees that
       | are taking over some urban green spaces and pastureland and
       | encroaching on forests.
       | 
       | I'll save you from the auto playing view port locker video.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | A few more key points:
         | 
         | * At first the species being planted everywhere was considered
         | sterile, but somehow cross-pollination with related varieties
         | can make them produce viable fruit, then animals spread the
         | seeds.
         | 
         | * The fruit is not edible to humans.
         | 
         | * Some varieties have nasty thorns on them, able to pop vehicle
         | tires, and over time grow together into thickets.
        
           | pvaldes wrote:
           | > The fruit is not edible to humans.
           | 
           | This is a feature, not a bug
        
       | fervor wrote:
       | They smell
        
       | riffic wrote:
       | blackcurrants were banned too (by federal united states gov) for
       | some sort of complicated reason
        
         | bigbillheck wrote:
         | It's a host for white pine blister rust.
        
           | chucksta wrote:
           | man that's complicated
        
             | bigbillheck wrote:
             | Sure is! https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/disandpath/fungalb
             | asidio/pdl...
             | 
             | > The white pine blister rust pathogen is a typical
             | heteroecious, macrocyclic rust that produces five distinct
             | spore stages on two different hosts to complete its life
             | cycle. The pycnial stage consists of pycniospores, or
             | spermatia, which are haploid spores that fertilize
             | compatible receptive hyphae. The two sexes are not
             | distinguishable and are simply designated plus and minus.
             | This is the stage where genetic recombination can occur
             | that may lead to development of races of the rust. However,
             | the nuclear cycle (i.e., dikaryogamy, diploidization,
             | meiosis) of the blister rust fungus has not been fully
             | determined, but is assumed to be the same as for other
             | better known rust fungi such as Puccinia graminis. The
             | aecial stage develops in host tissue occupied by pycnia the
             | previous season (Figure 6). The fungus is perennial in the
             | pine host and aeciospores are produced annually as long as
             | the host tissues remain alive. Aeciospores are disseminated
             | by wind over long distances, and Ribes spp. as far as 480
             | km (300 miles) from the nearest known white pines have been
             | infected.
        
           | kybishop wrote:
           | To expand on this, many states have a large white pine lumber
           | industry. The white pine is highly susceptible to a type of
           | fungus harbored by currants.
           | 
           | The fungus does not spread from white pine to white pine,
           | only from currants to currant, or currant to white pine, so
           | eliminating the nearby currants protects the white pine
           | industry.
        
             | pfdietz wrote:
             | Does it go from white pine back to currants?
        
               | SeanLuke wrote:
               | Yes.
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | Great. I was hoping we could see alternating currants.
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | > alternating currants
               | 
               | Except we know the hertz will harm local timbre, even if
               | some are okay the the currant's whine.
        
               | bigbillheck wrote:
               | @dang get over here and do something about this.
        
               | gmfawcett wrote:
               | bravissimo
        
             | QuercusMax wrote:
             | In Europe they decided to get rid of the white pines (which
             | are not native) in favor of the blackcurrants.
        
               | euroderf wrote:
               | Interesting! Citation?
        
               | QuercusMax wrote:
               | I believe I learned it in this video from "The History
               | Guy": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZAk1a0dqiM
        
               | tycho-newman wrote:
               | The Ribena lobby is strong
        
             | lo_zamoyski wrote:
             | Apparently this is no longer much of an issue. Quoting [0]:
             | 
             | "The federal ban was lifted in 1966, though many states
             | maintained their own bans. Research showed that
             | blackcurrants could be safely grown some distance from
             | white pines and this, together with the development of
             | rust-immune varieties and new fungicides, led to most
             | states lifting their bans by 2003. Blackcurrants are now
             | grown commercially in the Northeastern United States and
             | the Pacific Northwest. Because of the long period of
             | restrictions, blackcurrants are not popular in the United
             | States, and one researcher has estimated that only 0.1% of
             | Americans have eaten one. [...] By 2003 restrictions on
             | Ribes cultivation had been lifted across most of the
             | states, though some bans remain, particularly on the
             | blackcurrant. State laws are enforced with varying degrees
             | of efficiency and enthusiasm; in some states, officials
             | effectively ignore the ban."
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackcurrant_production_i
             | n_the...
        
         | davexunit wrote:
         | Blackcurrant bans feel too heavy-handed to me. Currants are a
         | wonderful berry, very easy to grow, and one of the easiest
         | woody plants to propagate.
        
           | quickthrowman wrote:
           | There are plenty of other native berries in North America.
           | White pines are rather majestic trees, particularly the old
           | growth ones. [0]
           | 
           | I'm happy with white pines and raspberries/blueberries,
           | Europe can keep their blackcurrants.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/chippewa/recarea/?recid=2
           | 667...
        
       | beezle wrote:
       | Was on HOA board where we had a road with quite a few of these
       | trees. They were a fortune to prune because of the numerous small
       | branches at higher reaches. As a board, we actually hoped they
       | would come down in storms so we could replace with something more
       | appropriate without the take down cost (and resident complaints).
       | 
       | Another unqiue thing is during the summer it was not uncommon for
       | a branch to suddenly explode - apparently some type of
       | moisture/vapor build up in the interior.
        
         | cafard wrote:
         | Where was this? In Maryland they would break, a lot, but I
         | never heard of them exploding. I don't think the people in our
         | development loved them. Certainly I had seen a few too many
         | across somebody's lawn or walk.
        
           | beezle wrote:
           | Southern CT near the sound. Yes it would happen with some of
           | the wide, low branches. Don't get me wrong, it wasn't like
           | popcorn, maybe once every other year.
        
         | flutas wrote:
         | They also smell like someone took a rotting fish, dunked it in
         | sewage and decided to roast it in the sun for a few days.
         | 
         | They're everywhere where I live, and it's so bad.
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | We had one in front of our house at one point, and the first
           | year it bloomed we thought there was a dead animal under the
           | house.
           | 
           | Some people say they smell like bleach and/or semen as well.
           | I'd rather have Durian than Bradford pear.
        
           | dvirsky wrote:
           | These are the same trees known as Cum Trees, right?
           | 
           | My neighbors have a couple, I didn't know these before moving
           | to the US, and the first time I smelled them was...
           | something.
        
             | LambdaComplex wrote:
             | They sure are
        
             | neilv wrote:
             | At least one street here got lined with those. A witty
             | lesbian friend I was walking with identified the scent
             | immediately, so at least the trees were good for some
             | jokes.
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | I thought that was the Linden tree.[0]
             | 
             | [0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6m-8l3V38Ps
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | Always the first thing that come to mind when smelly
               | trees "come up"
        
               | lo_zamoyski wrote:
               | Linden trees have a unique scent, but I never thought it
               | was repulsive or even remotely associated with the kinds
               | of things people associate it with.
        
             | davemp wrote:
             | That reminds me of when I asked an arborist why the tree
             | they were taking down was called a "Piss Oak". They said
             | wait until we drop it and you won't have to ask. Sure
             | enough the entire area smelled like urine for a couple hrs
             | after they felled the tree.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | Do you mean Piss Elm? I've never heard of an oak with
               | that quality.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | My high school had a bunch of these. All the kids called them
           | CumDrop trees, for good reason.
        
           | pvaldes wrote:
           | Common Pear trees have also this fish smell. Everything
           | pollinated by flies has an offensive smell in one or other
           | way. This is bad but can be desirable at the same time (no
           | wasps or bees in the narrow streets).
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | Bradford pears were all the rage in the 1990s to 2000s. At one
         | point HOAs thought these were the _best tree_. Local gardens
         | and nurseries would sell lots of them to landscapers and
         | homeowners.
         | 
         | To this day, they're all over my home state of Georgia. And
         | they're still selected for new landscaping.
         | 
         | They did have a few pros:
         | 
         | - Look great in the spring
         | 
         | - Huge, lush, thick canopy in the summer
         | 
         | - Fast growing
         | 
         | But there are way too many problems:
         | 
         | - Kills all the grass underneath them from shade and root
         | structure
         | 
         | - Seedlings and root offshoots are pervasive pests
         | 
         | - Produces a lot of fruit, and it's toxic to humans and dogs.
         | It smells bad and can smear if you step on it
         | 
         | - Trees only live 7 - 15 years, and they leave a gnarly root
         | system to deal with.
         | 
         | - Extremely prone to falling over during winds or tornadoes.
         | Can easily damage fences, housing, etc. We had to replace our
         | fence once because of one. Even small storms can bring down the
         | older trees.
         | 
         | - And of course, everyone knows how awful they smell in the
         | spring
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | I think this takes the cake for "first invasive species I've
           | seen populate over my lifespan."
           | 
           | Just moved back to GA after 3 years away and asked folks what
           | all the white-blossoming trees in meadows are this spring, as
           | don't remember seeing so many blossoms previously.
           | 
           | Cherries (closest blossom I know) aren't that fruitful /
           | clustering. Dogwoods look completely different.
           | 
           | > _Extremely prone to falling over during winds or
           | tornadoes._
           | 
           | Also kids climbing on them, from childhood experience. Weak
           | wood.
        
             | saalweachter wrote:
             | Marmarated beetles for me.
        
             | pvaldes wrote:
             | A few observations:
             | 
             | Japanese Cherries can be much more packed with flowers than
             | this pear (It depends on the cultivar). Both Cherries and
             | Dogwoods are royalty on gardens, but both deploy to much
             | wider structures that can be low branched and tend to hang
             | searching the floor, so this Pyrus is still pretty much
             | unbeatable for narrow streets. Palms have their own
             | problems, like thorns, but are "designed" for streets with
             | extremely windy areas. The problem is that palms don't
             | survive the same frost than pears can.
             | 
             | There are maybe five or ten trees so narrow in their
             | category that, unlike conifers, bring blossoms, clean
             | relatively dry fruits, and excellent fall colour in snowy
             | areas. Some are among the most alien things that you can
             | have in a garden.
             | 
             | And all that grows in such acute angles is prone to
             | catastrophic cracks for wind damage. It comes in the
             | package.
             | 
             | Having a Dogwood that would grow fastigiate retaining the
             | "dog wood" part, would be a revolution, but is not
             | available at this moment (and probably will never be).
             | Dogwoods love the 90 degrees angle. I have a maple 'Tsukasa
             | Silhouette' that would look great, but is too small, too
             | expensive and too delicate to be used as that.
             | 
             | Pears are still one of the tastier fruits in a garden, not
             | ornamental royalty, but food royalty for sure. I just
             | ignore the short interval of smell as a necessary tax to
             | pay.
        
           | xp84 wrote:
           | Wow, that's pretty wild that those cons didn't dissuade
           | people from propagating them deliberately!
        
             | olliej wrote:
             | IIRC they were introduced aggressively as being a non-
             | propagating, non fruiting tree or something, both of which
             | turned out to be false, but by the time people realized
             | this it was far too late :-/
             | 
             | Reminds me of SF planting Pohutakawas everywhere - an NZ
             | native tree that requires little water, don't fall over,
             | don't fruit, etc. Except as any NZer could tell you, the
             | reason they don't fall over is that they're evolved to grow
             | on/around cliffs and loose earth, so they go all in on
             | strong roots. Which mean constantly breaking roads and
             | sidewalks. yay!
             | 
             | Also while they don't fruit they produce a tonne of flowers
             | that produce a tonne of cruft on the ground :-/
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Eucalyptus in southern California; railroads thought
               | they'd be great for building ties out of, they're not,
               | and they're extremely flammable and explode.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | > Local gardens and nurseries would sell lots of them to
           | landscapers and homeowners.
           | 
           | They still do. It's the cheapest bang for the buck tree for
           | large scale developers across the entire US.
        
           | beezle wrote:
           | From earlier response, the HOA I mentioned was along Long
           | Island Sound so much more northerly. Our trees were a good
           | 30+ years old. They were somewhat sheltered from high winds,
           | especially when younger, by the nature of the buildings (two
           | story row houses). It wasn't until the canopy reached a fair
           | bit over the rooflines that they really started coming down
           | in thunderstorms. That no parked cars were crushed was pretty
           | much a miracle.
           | 
           | And spot on with the no grass underneath...and the homeowner
           | complaints about dirt in front of their units ("if you pay to
           | take it down and replace, we'll let you!")
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | I have some type of pear tree in my front yard that look
           | identical but they don't have any of these drawbacks.
        
       | GenerWork wrote:
       | I love reading about this kind of stuff. My neighbor has a bunch
       | of Brazilian pepper trees, and let me tell you, those things are
       | a nightmare. Incredibly invasive, grows extremely well in our
       | climate, no natural predators here, and they outcompete almost
       | every other tree. I cut a branch from one that was deforming a
       | palm tree due to the way the branch had grown.
        
       | hollywood_court wrote:
       | This is good news. In my area the only thing worse than Bradford
       | pears are the Mimosas. It took me ~3 years of consistent work to
       | clear off the Mimosas from our 1 acre lot in town. And I still
       | have to spray or hand pull hundreds of the tiny ones each season
       | because none of my neighbors have been as diligent.
        
         | stass wrote:
         | What's wrong with Mimosas? They smell so nice in spring!
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | They are invasive, take hold and hard to eradicate/control,
           | the flowers make a mess, and they are easily damaged in
           | storms
        
           | astura wrote:
           | They are invasive (in the US) and grow like weeds completely
           | taking over and crowding out native species. Having many of
           | them screws up the nitrogen level of the soil further
           | crowding out/killing native plants.
           | 
           | This alters the ecosystem.
        
           | sarchertech wrote:
           | In addition to what everyone else said, they are nitrogen
           | fixing, so their leaf litter creates too much nitrogen for
           | most native plants to grow.
        
           | hollywood_court wrote:
           | Other commenters have covered most of the reasons why they
           | are awful, but my main complaint is that they will completely
           | take over your garden beds and wooded areas if left
           | undisturbed.
        
           | deciplex wrote:
           | Like anything else they're fine - the problem is when you
           | drink too many of them.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | In PNW, they look dead in the spring. The leaves don't even
           | appear until late May, and flowers bloom in late July at
           | earliest.
        
       | hammock wrote:
       | Important note: There are now hybrid species that don't have the
       | same downsides as the original true Bradford pear. Most of what
       | are planted now are these hybrids.
        
         | datavirtue wrote:
         | I think those are what I have in my yard as I was not seeing
         | any issues with them. No weird smell, shoots, or lifespan
         | problems.
        
       | pkaye wrote:
       | When we bought our house we had 3 city trees which were Bradford
       | pear trees. We lots two of them during rainy season. One lost a
       | major branch. The other got uprooted. I've read Bradford tree
       | 
       | I'm in California. Our city doesn't allow Bradford pear trees
       | anymore. When we bought our hour we had three Bradford pear
       | trees. Over time we lost two of them during rainy seasons. One
       | got uprooted and the other broke off a major branch. Both times
       | it was fortunate that nobody was injured or property got damaged.
       | Ended up replacing them all.
        
       | tycho-newman wrote:
       | I thought these were linden trees this whole time.
        
       | bagels wrote:
       | They need a better name that conveys their vile nature. I love
       | pears. Why are people so upset about a pear tree I initially
       | thought?
        
         | bitbckt wrote:
         | "Cum tree" doesn't do it for you?
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | The title of the article is "Bradford pear trees..." which
           | seems to be the accepted name.
        
       | aendruk wrote:
       | I really wish submissions could be tagged to warn about auto-
       | playing video.
        
       | autokad wrote:
       | This answers a lot for me, I always wanted why they planted this
       | tree everywhere when it smells so awful.
        
       | skeledrew wrote:
       | Ah, typical. Nature taking its course and, once again, humans
       | decide they know what's better and is going in to "correct"
       | things. Then a few years in there's the cry about the disruption
       | that was caused, and yet even more attempts at rectification. A
       | never-ending cycle, because we can't learn to be hands off. Well
       | I guess the cycle will eventually end given things are always
       | somewhat worse with every swing of the correction pendulum, so at
       | some point it'll all just... crash.
        
         | bungeonsBaggins wrote:
         | I don't mean to blow your mind, but humans are a part of
         | nature. One advantage we have over other species is that we can
         | spot patterns and work collectively to fix undesirable
         | situations or circumstances. And if our fix causes further
         | problems, we can fix those too!
         | 
         | We're flawed creatures so it's not ideal, but it sure beats
         | being at the mercy of the forces nature uses to correct things
         | on its own, like diseases and famine.
        
           | bcatanzaro wrote:
           | Yes! Is a beaver dam artificial or natural? I believe
           | everything humans do is part of nature.
        
             | lo_zamoyski wrote:
             | I would submit that the very idea of "nature", as used
             | informally, is ill-defined and frankly incoherent, and
             | should not be used, or at least should only be used loosely
             | within specific contexts where it does make sense (a
             | healthy ecosystem in which human beings also thrive, which
             | is no doubt a range), like "I love taking walks in nature".
             | What is natural under this definition? If water from a
             | stream natural, but is water synthesized from hydrogen and
             | oxygen unnatural?
             | 
             | The only sensible definition I know of of "natural" is
             | "according to the nature of a thing". Thus, human beings
             | have a nature, and that nature is what determines what is
             | good or bad for us. Arsenic isn't poisonous _as such_ , but
             | it is poisonous to us by virtue of our nature. We are
             | rational animals by nature. And so, unnatural are things
             | which depart from that nature, like the desire to eat glass
             | or having a sexual interest in oak trees and so on. It is
             | the nature of a thing that is the reference point that
             | allows pathologies to be defined. By nature, we should have
             | two arms, hence to lose or lack an arm is a defect.
             | Similarly, psychological disorders only make sense with
             | reference to the normative, which is defined by human
             | nature. To say "everything is natural" renders the word
             | meaningless, annihilating all justifiable and objectively
             | normative statements, which is absurd. If everything is
             | "natural", then nothing is unnatural, because natural is
             | simply identical with everything.
        
           | skeledrew wrote:
           | And look at the state of the world with all our
           | interventions. We may be "a part of nature", but the things
           | we do to it are definitely not natural. We're the only ones
           | doing collectively irreparable harm, so as not to be at its
           | mercy.
        
         | hollywood_court wrote:
         | If we were 'hands off', the Bradford Pear would have never made
         | it to North America in the first place.
        
           | skeledrew wrote:
           | We don't know that for sure though. All it takes is a single
           | seed in an ideal condition. And that condition could've
           | probably happened in a way that the pear wouldn't have the
           | advantage that's caused some to name it "invasive".
           | 
           | But also, left alone, nature tends to rebalance on its own.
           | Any species with a dominant advantage will eventually lose
           | that advantage, given a few generations. Well, except for
           | humans, who continually fight the natural rebalancing, and
           | are only succeeding in increasingly destroying that which
           | sustains life on this planet.
        
         | oasisbob wrote:
         | The Bradford pear is a cultivar of an imported species from
         | Asia.
         | 
         | Nothing about this tree growing in North America is "nature
         | taking its course".
         | 
         | Humans decided to cultivate it here, and we can choose to stop.
         | Cycles of correction, sure, but attempting to fix problems due
         | to introduced species seems like a worthwhile effort.
        
           | skeledrew wrote:
           | We will consider intervening in nature to be a "worthwhile
           | effort" right up to the moment we finally make the planet
           | 100% uninhabitable.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | > Nature taking its course
         | 
         | Lawns and backyards.
        
           | skeledrew wrote:
           | Unnaturally created and maintained.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | The company that I worked for, had a row of these across the
       | primo parking spaces.
       | 
       | During the fall months, these parking spaces were always
       | available.
       | 
       | I found out why.
       | 
       | If you park under one of these things in November, you come out
       | in the evening, and it looks like every incontinent buzzard on
       | Earth sat over your car.
        
         | pandemic_region wrote:
         | Does 'sat over' imply 'shat on'?
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | Pretty much.
           | 
           | "Sitting Over" + "Incontinent" == "Shat On"
        
         | tomohawk wrote:
         | I thought you were going to say something about how large
         | branches will just pop off and crush anything beneath them at
         | random times. This is due to how multiple branches will come
         | from the trunk at the same point, and are weakly attached.
         | 
         | EDIT:
         | 
         | Having finally eradicated all of the ones from our land, the
         | best method is to immediately pour herbicide onto the trunk
         | after cutting it down. The herbicide will get sucked down into
         | the roots this way. If you don't do this, you'll get new
         | suckers all over the place for a few years.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | This is true. Same with Ailanthus.
           | 
           | I was talking about the pears, which are small, round things,
           | and rot on the branch; finally plopping off. They make this
           | nasty, sticky brown mess, filled with seeds. Looks exactly
           | like [large] bird shit, but is actually a lot more difficult
           | to clean.
        
           | aidenn0 wrote:
           | What herbicide do you use? I have a tree growing under my
           | roofline that keeps growing back. I tried glyphosate last
           | time, but it came back.
        
             | Terr_ wrote:
             | That makes me think of some bamboo eradication advice: You
             | allow new growth to progress so that it consumes energy
             | from the tricky root system, then cut it before the fresh
             | sections can provide much in photosynthetic return-on-
             | investment. After a few years of losing calories with each
             | attempt, the plant runs out.
             | 
             | That might only work for plants with "bursty" regrowth
             | though.
        
               | devmor wrote:
               | I spent 3 years combating bamboo in a similar fashion and
               | it certainly didn't work for me. I've never experienced a
               | more frustratingly invasive plant in my life. Even wild
               | blackberries are easier to deal with.
        
             | adestefan wrote:
             | Glyphosate is only absorbed through foliage. I have had
             | good luck with brush killer.
        
       | landr0id wrote:
       | relevant: https://www.vice.com/en/article/7x4zza/heres-why-the-
       | trees-o...
        
       | delichon wrote:
       | The original Bradford pear tree was ideal for planting because it
       | was thought to be sterile in that it could not reproduce. -- TFA
       | John Hammond: There you are. There. They imprint on the first
       | creature they come in contact with. Helps them to trust me. I've
       | been present for the birth of every creature on this island.
       | Ian Malcolm: Well, surely not the ones that have bred in the
       | wild.       Henry Wu: Actually, they can't breed in the wild.
       | Population control is one of our security precautions. There is
       | no unauthorized breeding in Jurassic Park.       Ian Malcolm: Uh,
       | and how do you know they can't breed?       Henry Wu: Well that's
       | because all the animals in Jurassic Park are female. We've
       | engineered them that way.
        
       | razeh wrote:
       | When the article got to the part where the trees were thought to
       | be sterile, did anyone else hear Jeff Goldblum saying "Life finds
       | a way"?
        
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