[HN Gopher] What Boeing did to all the guys who remember how to ...
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       What Boeing did to all the guys who remember how to build a plane
        
       Author : doom2
       Score  : 295 points
       Date   : 2024-03-28 19:42 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (prospect.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (prospect.org)
        
       | spking wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/Oub0v
        
       | margalabargala wrote:
       | If you read this article looking for new or surprising insight,
       | you won't find it. It is not new information that Boeing started
       | a rapid decline shortly after the McDonnell Douglas merger, and
       | it will be unsurprising to you to hear that shortly afterwards,
       | Boeing began abusing its most senior employees into leaving.
       | 
       | What this article offers is new detail into exactly _how_ Boeing
       | has gone about cannibalizing itself. The specific things done to
       | specific employees, the specific quality incidents that were
       | swept under the rug, the lengths to which they went to ensure all
       | prior institutional knowledge regarding how to properly build a
       | plane was systematically destroyed.
       | 
       | It's worth reading, perhaps unless you're going to be flying on a
       | Boeing plane anytime soon.
        
         | caycep wrote:
         | I am silently grateful to JetBlue for ordering Airbuses from
         | the get go...
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | Airbus has a limited production capacity, and they are maxed
           | out with this scandal.
           | 
           | So Boing is still getting orders, because the world need
           | planes.
        
         | iaoat2d wrote:
         | "the lengths to which they went to ensure all prior
         | institutional knowledge regarding how to properly build a plane
         | was systematically destroyed."
         | 
         | why do this intentionally?
        
           | hwbunny wrote:
           | That's the million dollar question. Why talented people are
           | forced out? Like managers/other key members have a mission
           | and if you somehow not fit in their "world view", you get
           | hell.
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | Perhaps because the senior people were at a higher pay grade?
           | If you bump off the expensive employees, your overhead goes
           | down. Better numbers next quarter so you get a bonus.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | It's in the article.
             | 
             | Not just senior = higher pay. Senior = more likely to stick
             | to existing (known good) safety/QC processes. Boeing didn't
             | want QC at all - they wanted the guys assembling the planes
             | to do their own QC (which is likely illegal per FAA
             | regulations).
             | 
             | Toss in a side of union busting. And a dessert serving of
             | outsourcing to the lowest bidder, regardless of that
             | bidders history in the space.
        
             | labster wrote:
             | Senior people also cost more because their health care
             | costs more. Of course discriminating against older people
             | is illegal, so they cut down on senior staff which just
             | happens to have the same cost reduction. Funny that.
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | It's a side effect of reducing the power of those awkward
           | people who want to spend money on well designed aeroplanes.
        
           | Cheer2171 wrote:
           | The intention wasn't to destroy institutional knowledge. The
           | intention was to cut costs in the short term, largely through
           | outsourcing and turnover. Why pay a senior engineer a huge
           | salary when you could replace them with a consultant in their
           | twenties? They just didn't think or care about the
           | consequences.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | They adopted a philosophy of management that explicitly
             | assigned no value to institutional knowledge, and thus
             | eliminated anyone who had it as they were not considered
             | worth their salary. From the article:
             | 
             | > Boeing had come under the spell of a seductive new theory
             | of "knowledge" that essentially reduced the whole concept
             | to a combination of intellectual property, trade secrets,
             | and data, discarding "thought" and "understanding" and
             | "complex reasoning" possessed by a skilled and experienced
             | workforce as essentially not worth the increased health
             | care costs.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | This is true, they also cut costs by 'finding' less
               | defects in QA, deferring them to production deployment
               | several quarters out.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | This is the irony of good QA.
               | 
               | 1) Company starts to notice a lot of quality problems.
               | 
               | 2) Company institutes a good QA program.
               | 
               | 3) Company notices less quality problems.
               | 
               | 4) Company cuts QA program because there seems to be less
               | need for it.
               | 
               | Wash. Rinse. Repeat.
               | 
               | (The same can be said for safety when dealing with low
               | probability events).
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | It is raining.
               | 
               | I use an Umbrella.
               | 
               | Still raining, but I am no longer getting wet.
               | 
               | I must not need the umbrella.
               | 
               | Close the Umbrella
               | 
               | Get wet again.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | In that case, the causality is easy to determine. But
               | that's not the case with more complex systems, so it's
               | easier to rationalize a bias (I don't need this expensive
               | QA)
        
               | bfrog wrote:
               | This has been done so many times at this point, shouldn't
               | MBAs have case studies covering the "how companies have
               | rotted from shit decisions made by bean counters" 101
               | course?
        
             | downrightmike wrote:
             | Rather: Money > consequences. And so far, they've been
             | right. How likely will old managers that have long left,
             | but fully participated, be held accountable?
        
               | Simulacra wrote:
               | You may be right.. your comment reminded me of the
               | formula from Fight Club. Maybe the airlines made that
               | calculus, reasoning that, after all this time their
               | planes were safe enough, and the chance of an accident
               | were low. Even still, it was cheaper to settle lawsuits.
               | 
               | "A new car built by my company leaves somewhere traveling
               | at 60 mph. The rear differential locks up. The car
               | crashes and burns with everyone trapped inside. Now,
               | should we initiate a recall? Take the number of vehicles
               | in the field, A, multiply by the probable rate of
               | failure, B, multiply by the average out-of-court
               | settlement, C. A times B times C equals X. If X is less
               | than the cost of a recall, we don't do one."
        
               | david422 wrote:
               | The Ford Pinto: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Pinto#
               | Cost%E2%80%93benefi...
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | The airlines brought a high-quality aircraft. Up to the
               | first failures of the Max, there was no reason at all to
               | expect Boeings to be badly done.
        
           | djbusby wrote:
           | Those old engineers cost too much! And we already know how to
           | build planes. So, we can ditch them, my quarterly KPIs look
           | good and with the money freed up from pushing them out it can
           | land in my bonus check!
        
           | margalabargala wrote:
           | Stock price gains.
           | 
           | Fire all the longest-tenured, highest-salaried employees. Now
           | you have a company that appears to look similar but with
           | millions of dollars fewer per year in headcount expenses.
           | 
           | Boeing's stock price went up 10x in the time frame covered by
           | the article. The people responsible for gutting the company
           | have cashed out.
        
             | Rinzler89 wrote:
             | _> Boeing's stock price went up 10x in the time frame
             | covered by the article. The people responsible for gutting
             | the company have cashed out.
             | 
             | _
             | 
             | Why does the stock market reward idiot shit like this?
             | 
             | I've seen the same whit a a large US semiconductor company.
             | In the 2008 crunch, the fired the most tenured employees
             | and offshored the work abroad. Granted, the company didn't
             | fail, their stock went up and now it's 5-7x that amount.
        
               | HumblyTossed wrote:
               | Because the market is barely better than a ponzi scheme.
               | 
               | There's ___just___ enough laws around it to keep people
               | somewhat okay with it.
        
               | JackFr wrote:
               | That's nonsense.
               | 
               | Markets are the best way we've come up with to allocate
               | capital. Committees and commissars do not do a better
               | job.
        
               | hughesjj wrote:
               | I blame index funds. Pump the % gain, index funds buy it
               | up because it looks like a better ROI. Abuse that by
               | doing short term shit and ride the wave of self
               | fulfilling prophecy by the index funds buying into it
               | (amplifying noise into a signal) and leave retail/workers
               | holding the bags.
               | 
               | I get that statistically DIY'ing your portfolio will
               | almost always lead to worse returns but I really do wish
               | I could exclude certain stocks from my index funds.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Index funds do not buy shares because shares "look like a
               | better ROI". Index funds buy because non index funds buy
               | (and same with selling).
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | 1) That's not how index funds work: they attempt to track
               | a target market index. At most, it happens indirectly:
               | get your company into the major indices by a short-
               | sighted depletion of capital, and you can get some level
               | of lift from index funds blindly purchasing your stock
               | (though IIRC it's not a huge effect).
               | 
               | 2) You can effectively remove certain companies from an
               | index using derivatives in addition to the index fund.
               | Alternatively, look into direct indexing, where you
               | attempt to track an index by directly owning an
               | appropriately weighted basket of stocks, though it tends
               | to be more complicated, have greater tracking errors, and
               | have higher fees.
        
               | Analemma_ wrote:
               | I don't think the timing adds up for this explanation.
               | Friedman introduced the shareholder value doctrine in
               | 1970, and Jack Welch's Pierre Hotel speech that kicked
               | off the era of slash-and-burn management was in 1981.
               | Meanwhile, index funds were a tiny fraction of assets
               | under management until well into the 2000s.
        
               | throwway120385 wrote:
               | Because the MBAs and financiers have taken everything
               | over and are working their way through our government
               | now.
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | Because if you look at it by the numbers, expenses went
               | down whilst output remained. If you're an investor that
               | investigates annual reports on finances, this would pique
               | your interest. There is no way to price the talent and
               | knowledge of your workforce until after they have left.
        
               | tcmart14 wrote:
               | I really like that last sentence. 'There is no way to
               | price the talent and knowledge of your workforce until
               | after they have left.' I think that captures so much in
               | such a simple to understand way.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | The stock market is all about near-term gains, and as a
               | result it is often irrational and rewards destructive
               | behavior.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | > Why does the stock market reward idiot shit like this?
               | 
               | Well at a first order, the answer is that the stock
               | market as a system for promoting value creation is an
               | imperfect approximation of an ideal value creator, and
               | more and more we are beginning to see the myriad of ways
               | this concept produces antisocial results. (See for
               | example the state of hospitals and schools, and the
               | rising rate of individuals with crippling medical and
               | college debt.)
               | 
               | More directly there has been some criticism of the stock
               | market for rewarding short term gain over long term
               | value, which among other things has led to the creation
               | of the Long Term Stock Exchange:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-Term_Stock_Exchange
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | I should add that our short term market-based approach to
               | economic activity fails to produce appropriate housing
               | outcomes, and that the approaches in Vienna or Singapore
               | could end our homelessness crisis and make everyone
               | happier. I recently read a doctor's account of the
               | homeless people who use the ER as a community space by
               | complaining of minor illnesses, and it seems so clear to
               | me it would be cheaper to give them small private
               | subsidized housing (not the awful and alienating
               | "shelters" that offer no privacy or storage and have
               | strict rules, making the street more appealing). Fixing
               | housing could be cheaper than them using the ER or paying
               | for their prison space, and it would also make the
               | streets of San Francisco smell a LOOOT better (and BART),
               | but our short term market based system just chops up
               | everything good, sells it for parts, and speculates on
               | all the land and buildings.
               | 
               | https://www.shareable.net/public-housing-works-lessons-
               | from-...
        
               | Rinzler89 wrote:
               | _> and that the approaches in Vienna_
               | 
               | Vienna's approach worked because it happened after WW2
               | when the country was bombed and broken, land,
               | construction materials and labor were dirt cheap, so the
               | state built over half the city's homes and turned them
               | into public housing cheaply no problem.
               | 
               | But fast forward to today where most of the land and
               | buildings in a city are privately owned, how to you
               | expect a city, any city, to buy up over half the
               | buildings in the city at today's market and turn them
               | into public housing?
               | 
               | The city would probably have to go broke or into huge
               | amounts of debt and everyone would be screaming
               | communism.
               | 
               | Even in the rest of Austria, this approach today would
               | not be feasible due to how insane the cost of urban
               | housing ahs reached no city could afford to buy up over
               | half of it.
               | 
               | The monetary appreciation of housing prices and and
               | turning it into an speculative asset is the west's
               | biggest policy failure. You'd have to undo this first
               | before you can think of implementing Vienna's policies.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | Right so you're saying Vienna's approached worked but we
               | would have to change things to make it work for us. That
               | is exactly what I am saying too.
               | 
               | I'm also saying that it could be worth considerable
               | effort to try to make those changes, because the reward
               | is a much better system.
               | 
               | For example we might introduce bills now that help
               | stabilize (reduce) housing prices by limiting large scale
               | corporate speculation on housing, such as these two bills
               | [below] introduced into congress. With cheaper housing
               | available, the need for social housing goes down and so
               | does the cost to build it, dramatically lowering the
               | total cost to implement.
               | 
               | https://projects.propublica.org/represent/bills/117/hr924
               | 6
               | 
               | https://projects.propublica.org/represent/bills/117/s5151
               | 
               | > everyone would be screaming communism
               | 
               | Yes and part of what I'm saying is that we might want to
               | stop doing that and think about what is actually going to
               | fix our problems, even if _gasp_ the government is
               | involved. Nobody can afford housing and our planes are
               | falling out of the sky and we're having a cold-war
               | political debate while every other major country offers
               | cheaper medical care and education.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | That would require actually listening to each other and
               | experts, and not using demagoguery to villainize people
               | who disagree with us on minor culture issues, like
               | putting people of color in roles as elves on a terrible
               | TV show. Again, the financial incentives align for the
               | anti-social aspect, since yelling at each other draws in
               | more engagement and viewers and sells more ad-space.
        
               | CWuestefeld wrote:
               | > the stock market as a system for promoting value
               | creation is an imperfect approximation of an ideal value
               | creator
               | 
               | yet
               | 
               | > See for example the state of hospitals and schools, and
               | the rising rate of individuals with crippling medical and
               | college debt.
               | 
               | Ummmm. State hospitals and schools are not traded on our
               | stock exchanges. If there's a failure here, it's not with
               | equities markets.
               | 
               | There's an obvious common denominator between the
               | examples you give, and that these are the most highly-
               | regulated industries in America. My first guess as to
               | where to lay blame would be on those regulations -
               | although we'd really need to dig into whatever the
               | specific failures you're thinking of, if we want to be
               | sure.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | "See _the state of_ hospitals" meaning the situation with
               | hospitals, many of which it seems are private. Our
               | schools are a mixture of state and publicly owned (I'm
               | including college) but even state funded schools suffer
               | due to their reliance on stock market driven suppliers
               | such as textbook companies and the housing the teachers
               | live in.
               | 
               | > My first guess as to where to lay blame would be on
               | those regulations
               | 
               | Considering medical and educational costs (total system
               | costs including government expense) are much higher here
               | than they are for example in Germany which has State run
               | institutions for both, I would see this as a poor
               | assumption.
               | 
               | However I'm not actually advocating for State-run
               | institutions, as I would rather see locally owned
               | cooperatives for housing and schools, and larger
               | federations of cooperatives for medical research. My
               | point is that short term market-based winner-take-all
               | approaches are hurting us.
               | 
               | I should add that the broad topic of discussion here is
               | Boeing, which degraded in critical safety metrics after
               | moving to a relaxed regulation environment and focusing
               | on market based short term optimization.
        
               | justwool wrote:
               | Because state hospitals aren't publicly listened they
               | aren't broken by this?
               | 
               | Yes I forgot every aspect of state run hospitals are the
               | same...
               | 
               | But except wait.. almost every aspect of what makes that
               | hospital is on the stock market.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | > Why does the stock market reward idiot shit like this?
               | 
               | Goodhart's law, unfortunately. Whatever metric the stock
               | market rewards gets gamed like there is no tomorrow (or
               | next quarter, here.)
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | Because, depressingly, the stock market is correct.
               | 
               | Boeing is one of two manufacturers for planes of this
               | size. The other is totally backlogged with orders. The
               | stock market has assessed, correctly, that Boeing can
               | withstand this loss of knowledge and keep generating
               | profit. Does it result in shit equipment that literally
               | kills people? Sure. But how many people are going to stop
               | flying because of it? Not many. Throw in the lucrative
               | military connections and you've got yourself a sure bet.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | I'm not getting on a Boeing plane again. More on
               | principle than fear of my life. And yeah, I'm probably in
               | a group that is not statistically important.
        
               | fcatalan wrote:
               | I flew this week. There were two 737 flights at about
               | 130EUR then one with an A320 at 220EUR. I took the
               | Airbus. Same reason as you.
        
               | JackFr wrote:
               | I think that many of the managers honestly didn't
               | understand where the quality and safety came from. They
               | probably thought that they could just coast and the
               | quality would continue.
               | 
               | As a counterpoint, I work at very large financial firm in
               | technology and in general, the 20+ year veterans who've
               | been here forever are _terrible_. They are hidebound in
               | their actions, years behind in industry best practices
               | and they maintain little fiefdoms simply because of their
               | intimate knowledge of the banks arcane and idiosyncratic
               | policies. The place would be better of without the bulk
               | of them.
               | 
               | That is to say we are the complete opposite of what
               | Boeing was. But the most charitable interpretation you
               | could offer the Boeing management is that they thought
               | they were in the situation of my company rather than the
               | situation they actually had.
        
               | soraminazuki wrote:
               | You're being too generous. Boeing actively retaliated
               | against people raising safety concerns. That's not the
               | action of people who didn't know any better.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > Why does the stock market reward idiot shit like this?
               | 
               | Because as someone buying stock, I have no idea whether
               | these kinds of things are right and necessary to reduce
               | bloat and redundancies in the firm, or idiotic and self-
               | destructive.
               | 
               | All I know is that I probably want to be buying stock in
               | firms that are more profitable, as opposed to less
               | profitable. Or, at least, firms that other people think
               | are going to be more profitable.
        
               | api wrote:
               | Few stock market investors bother to look beneath top
               | line numbers like profits, revenue growth, etc. Number go
               | up, so stock goes up.
               | 
               | They're exploiting the uninformed, which in this case are
               | retail investors.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | > Why does the stock market reward idiot shit like this?
               | 
               | Wall St geniuses are not engineers.
               | 
               | That said, I bought Boeing stock and held over that time
               | frame. I did so because I could see that humans were
               | going to need more planes over the long term, and there
               | are only two vendors. Also I visited the Everett plant
               | with my family on vacation. It didn't occur to me that it
               | would be worthwhile introducing KPI BS and McDonald's
               | management style when constructing things worth 100
               | million and safety-critical.
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | Because the entire rewards system is built around short-
               | medium term financial gains.
               | 
               | It is a very old story. People build a company with deep
               | knowledge and caring about what actually makes great
               | products. Financial managers get involved to manage the
               | money aspects of the business. Financial types want a lot
               | more control to make the company more profitable.
               | 
               | The financial management has no actual clue what makes
               | the company valuable. They only know what makes more or
               | less cash flow in this or that direction. But, credit
               | where due, they _DO_ know how to make that work.
               | 
               | They start financially 'engineering' the company for
               | near-term profits and higher stock prices. This works.
               | This works fantastically well. Everything looks leaner,
               | teams of younger workers are sometimes orders of
               | magnitude cheaper than the highly experienced teams, and
               | no one can tell the difference from outside. Profits are
               | higher, stock prices hit record high after record high.
               | Cash is spent on stock buybacks and not R&D or retaining
               | institutional knowledge. Warning flags start showing up
               | in product and service quality indicators, but are
               | ignored and even suppressed. The problems start
               | multiplying at increasing rates, then exponentially
               | increasing rates.
               | 
               | Eventually, it starts to get serious. But by then, the
               | "financial geniuses" have long since cashed out and the
               | core of the company's workforce, ethos, and institutional
               | knowledge has been so gutted that there is no recovery.
               | The death spiral starts in earnest.
               | 
               | The only questions are whether for Boeing, being a
               | critical keystone in the US aerospace and defense
               | industry can or will be allowed to fail, and, if not, if
               | there will be an actual engineering-based turnaround, or
               | if it will be a Soviet-like zombie company for how many
               | years?
               | 
               | Forkin' MBAs, they'll kill it every time.
        
               | listenallyall wrote:
               | > Why does the stock market reward idiot shit like this?
               | 
               | Because Boeing boosted revenue from $60 to 101 billion
               | during the time frame. And had just a single competitor.
               | 
               | The current stock price is less than half of its 2019
               | peak.
        
             | unsui wrote:
             | The only thing that seems to work nowadays is name-and-
             | shame (unless you run for president, apparently).
             | 
             | Who are these folks that deserve to be outted for gutting
             | an American institution? I'm sure they're still around,
             | practicing their strain of vulture capitalism.
             | 
             | UPDATE:
             | 
             | Looks like the article points out the following main
             | culprits: * Jim McNerney * Dave Calhoun
        
             | yowzadave wrote:
             | It seems like this is the same pattern that we've seen
             | happen more broadly in the tech industry over the past year
             | --the big tech companies think they can juice the bottom
             | line by reducing headcount, and the increased profitability
             | will outweigh any negative impact on their engineering
             | performance. It's a perverse incentive that seems very
             | difficult to turn around once it starts happening.
        
             | listenallyall wrote:
             | > millions of dollars fewer per year in headcount expenses.
             | 
             | I don't know how much they saved by forcing out highly-paid
             | employees, but it was a tiny amount compared to the 40
             | billion in additional revenue earned between 2008 and 2018
             | (60 to 101 billion). The stock market rewarded the company
             | primarily because of the revenue gains.
        
           | forgotmyinfo wrote:
           | Y'all're gonna hate this, but financialization and the
           | relentless pursuit of profits. Every time this stuff happens,
           | people ask why, and it's because of greed. When you focus on
           | making money above all else, this is what happens. It's not a
           | mystery.
        
             | trilobyte wrote:
             | This is where regulation steps in. A regulatory body should
             | make the cost of certain failure scenarios so painful that
             | companies are incentivized to make better choices. We
             | probably don't need regulations about the color choices of
             | t-shirts, but safety & testing for mass-transit vehicles
             | might be warranted.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | That's the future guy's problem. So long as it is
               | possible to cash out before the consequences happen that
               | sort of regulation won't move the needle much.
               | 
               | Making it illegal to be a bad CEO is one of those things
               | that sounds intriguing on paper, but would be a nightmare
               | to implement in real life.
               | 
               | Prosecutor: "You inflated investor returns by sabotaging
               | the future survival of the company and made shoddy
               | products that killed people."
               | 
               | Former CEO: "So what?"
               | 
               | The worst part is that this is a real problem. So many
               | formerly strong companies have been brought down by this
               | behavior that it is becoming notable when it doesn't
               | happen. We are allowing these guys to destroy the
               | American economy slowly just because it makes them and
               | their close buddies ridiculous money. And of course the
               | government is largely captured by these same people, so
               | Washington isn't going to help. Just so frustrating.
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | This phenomenon also explains some others that may or may
               | not be surprising:
               | 
               | 1. Founder led companies have higher returns. And it's by
               | A LOT. Hard to quantify exactly but, I've seen quoted
               | numbers as high as 20% outperformance for founder led
               | companies.
               | 
               | 2. The biggest corporations never remain the biggest.
               | Where is the Dutch East India company today? More recent
               | examples: IBM was overtaken by Nippon Telephone, was
               | overtaken by Exxon Mobil, was overtaken by GE, was
               | overtaken by Microsoft etc.
               | 
               | 3. It's not very common that a company stays in the S&P
               | 500 for more than 30 years. The average lifespan is 21
               | years.
               | 
               | The common thread is that as soon as the sociopath MBA's
               | take over, they Boeing the whole business.
        
             | nyolfen wrote:
             | "greed" is a useless term for anything besides moralizing.
             | it's just "self-interested behavior i don't like" -- great,
             | but self-interested behavior is also literally the only
             | thing that has ever worked at scale
        
               | truckerbill wrote:
               | Even most economists these days would agree that this is
               | a really bad take (invisible hand). You should read more
               | than the punchline of that Adam Smith book and you would
               | find that even he would agree
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | I grow less and less tolerant of "stuff just is, you
               | can't, like, _judge_ it, man" the older I get.
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | A lot of people (sizeable majority?) seem to go the
               | opposite way when they get older, so that's pretty
               | interesting.
        
             | malermeister wrote:
             | It's almost as if an economic system based on maximizing
             | greed instead of reigning it in was not sustainable or
             | desirable.
        
             | vundercind wrote:
             | It's this, absolutely. Professional managers trained in
             | finance who either don't know or don't care about the
             | actual business they're managing. Work = moving money
             | around a spreadsheet and all else is incidental at best and
             | something to be avoided at worst, doubly so if it can't be
             | captured in a spreadsheet with a dollar value attached.
        
           | autokad wrote:
           | a lot of people say things like 'stock price', but that's
           | missing the point. the lesson is in the nuance.
           | 
           | its many factors, effecting all aspects of our lives now
           | honestly.
           | 
           | - young people's disregard for the knowledge of people older
           | than them. This can be an essay in itself, but there's the
           | idea that the reasons why people are doing things the way
           | they are is because they are stupid, something like: "you are
           | young and you knows how to do everything right if only these
           | dumb old people would get out of my way." I had a friend do a
           | start up to make bourbon in 3 months. He thought all those
           | alcohol producers that take 5-30 years making them were doing
           | it wrong. I am like, definitely give it a go but understand
           | that "I am sure they thought about this'.
           | 
           | - management focuses on nonsensical metrics. In recent
           | history, you have to be data driven, focus on metrics, ignore
           | everything else, its the new religion. An example is how
           | technical support teams focus on having 0 tickets open, so
           | support engineers just close tickets even if the customer
           | isn't helped. but hey, that red line is pointing down and to
           | the left right? win! And as with boeing, they made their
           | metrics look really good, look, no more defects! all you have
           | to do is stop reporting them.
           | 
           | - companies willing to outsource critical components of their
           | business. I never understood this one, I don't care how
           | 'cheap' it is, you don't outsource critical parts of your
           | business. at best, they don't have the same stakes as you do
           | on the matter, at worst they steal your IP and/or become your
           | competitors.
        
             | tomthehero wrote:
             | Don't blame this on young people, it's probably mostly
             | post-40 dudes who run the board of these large companies
        
               | autokad wrote:
               | young dudes of the time, that are now hitting their 40s.
               | Dont get me wrong, the new young are doubling down on
               | that world view.
        
           | tanseydavid wrote:
           | >> why do this intentionally?
           | 
           | Myopia + greed is a hell of a drug.
        
           | vpribish wrote:
           | they did not. this article and many people are
           | sensationalizing it to get attention and push whatever their
           | angle is. it was short-sighted, stupid, greedy, and wrong,
           | but not intentionally suicidal (let alone homicidal!).
        
           | pyrale wrote:
           | Some people in organizations can't take no for an answer.
           | They want to see their orders followed, and if they see you
           | as a roadblock, you will be marginalized, sometimes with
           | harm.
           | 
           | That's not always bad, sometimes employees drag their feet
           | when they shouldn't. But in some situations (for instance,
           | one arm of the company gaining the upper hand), the people in
           | power are so convinced that their own perspective and goals
           | are right, that they think they don't need to listen or
           | understand the big picture.
           | 
           | Ad to this that sometimes an exec has sociopathic tendencies,
           | and you have an explosive cocktail of harassment and
           | destruction of valuable knowledge. The more resilient the
           | company, the more entrenched this behaviour can get, and the
           | more irreversible it will become.
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | "intentionally" is too strong a word here.
           | 
           | More -> intentionally cut cost by eliminating experienced
           | people.
           | 
           | Not -> intentionally getting rid of knowledge. even the worst
           | managers wouldn't admit to wanting to loose knowledge.
        
           | bsder wrote:
           | Are any of the executives who did this in jail? No? Well,
           | carry on, then.
           | 
           | None of the executives responsible for this have paid any
           | price. None of the investors or board members who allowed
           | this paid any price.
           | 
           | And the worst part: it's not clear you can fix it, now. Even
           | if you completely busted out every executive and wiped out
           | the investors, there is no path forward since those
           | executives pushed out all the engineering knowledge.
        
         | stephenhuey wrote:
         | I learned some things reading this article from 2 days ago:
         | 
         | Boeing's Dead Whistleblower Spoke the Truth
         | 
         | https://www.thefp.com/p/boeings-dead-whistleblower-spoke-the...
         | 
         | The Free Press
        
           | zer00eyz wrote:
           | The entire first half of this (tfp directly above this
           | comment) article blindly supports the spin that there is some
           | conspiracy where someone killed him. HIs own family goes into
           | great detail all over the press about how he had anxiety and
           | ptsd. That he quit his job on DR orders or the stress was
           | going to give him a heart attack.
           | 
           | The shit Boeing did to him was awful (stress, anxiety and
           | ptsd) and Boeing should be blamed for that. They should be
           | held accountable for that. Making his sucicide "Fishy"
           | discredits the pressure he was under and its cause. Playing
           | at the edges of conspiracy theory also serves to discredit
           | the author of the article and the validity of everything else
           | they are saying.
           | 
           | The man killed himself. The actions of Boeing played a part
           | in that.
        
             | stephenhuey wrote:
             | On a previous HN discussion, plenty of people here believed
             | it was fully possible that someone at Boeing essentially
             | pulled the trigger and gave plenty of examples, even from a
             | huge successful Silicon Valley company, of corporate folks
             | doing stranger nefarious things than would be believable in
             | film. As someone who has known multiple people who
             | committed suicide, I'm not sure I can feel as certain as
             | you that this was a suicide without more evidence.
        
               | thatguy0900 wrote:
               | After reading the story of ebay execs harassing a random
               | completely unimportant couple, to the point of repeatedly
               | mailing them threatening or disgusting packages, I can't
               | discredit killing a witness for a real tangible reason.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | Oh yeah, I remember that one [1]. One of the bastards got
               | five years in prison - one of the very very few
               | exceptions to my general line of calling for prison
               | abolishment.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/sep/29/ebay-
               | exec...
        
               | mateus1 wrote:
               | Monsanto also did some pretty awful persecution to
               | scientists... there are plenty of examples in American
               | contemporary businesses
        
             | segasaturn wrote:
             | There's more than enough circumstantial evidence to support
             | the allegations of foul play here. When people kill
             | themselves, they usually do it somewhere private and
             | personal to them, like inside their home, or their car. Not
             | in the parking lot outside a courthouse.
        
               | lstamour wrote:
               | The article above and every other article I've read says,
               | "he was found in his truck". That's a personal vehicle,
               | and assuming it was locked, enough to suggest that it was
               | self-inflicted.
        
               | Supermancho wrote:
               | I can close a locked door after shooting someone in the
               | head. I'm not sure how this follows that "it's enough".
               | After years of criticizing Boeing, he kills himself
               | during his deposition? I don't think so.
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | >or their car
               | 
               | That's where he killed himself. Inside his truck, in the
               | parking lot.
        
               | isleyaardvark wrote:
               | And they generally don't tell a friend "if anything
               | happens to me, it's not suicide".
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | Unless its one last troll against boeing on the way out.
               | Why go quietly if you are going to go when you have a
               | shot to majorly embarrass the company one last time?
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | From TFA, it seems that it was someone else (still alive)
               | who said that.
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | From "the f..ing article"?
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | See https://news.ycombinator.com/context?id=39488667 .
               | 
               | It's commonly used on HN.
        
               | zer00eyz wrote:
               | >>> or their car. Not in the parking lot outside a
               | courthouse.
               | 
               | NO: Barnett's body was found in a vehicle in a Holiday
               | Inn parking lot in Charleston on Saturday, police said.
               | 
               | Or you know this
               | 
               | The family says Barnett's health declined because of the
               | stresses of taking a stand against his longtime employer.
               | 
               | "He was suffering from PTSD and anxiety attacks as a
               | result of being subjected to the hostile work environment
               | at Boeing," they said, "which we believe led to his
               | death."
               | 
               | FROM: https://www.npr.org/2024/03/12/1238033573/boeing-
               | whistleblow...
               | 
               | The man was found dead, with a sucide note (hand written)
               | and his own gun in his hand.
               | 
               | You know what happens when gun owners get the urge to
               | kill themselves. They kill themselves. Guns make suicide
               | less of a cry for help and more or less "effective".
               | 
               | Any article that doesn't mention what his family had to
               | say about the matter is not only creating a narrative,
               | but they are openly disrespecting the family of a dead
               | man to grab attention and headlines.
               | 
               | How about todays interview with his OWN FAMILY:
               | 
               | FROM HIS MOTHER: If this hadn't gone on so long, I'd
               | still have my son, and my sons would have their brother
               | and we wouldn't be sitting here. So in that respect, I
               | do," Vicky Stokes said when asked if she places some of
               | the blame for her son's death on Boeing.
               | 
               | OR THIS: Stokes and her son Rodney Barnett said they do
               | not want to comment on whether they believe he died by
               | suicide until the investigation by the Charleston police
               | department concludes.
               | 
               | source: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/john-barnett-boeing-
               | whistleblow...
        
               | lyu07282 wrote:
               | It's not like we know or will ever know the details of
               | and the extend of the investigation, the note was
               | actually reported as a "white piece of paper that closely
               | resembled a note,", what was on the note? Were his
               | fingerprints on the note? Was handwriting analysis done?
               | Did the gun belong to him? That wasn't reported either.
               | Was it registered to him/ when/where did he buy it? Was
               | there gunpowder residue on his hand? Does the trajectory
               | and blood splatter analysis all match? Was there
               | surveillance footage of the car? What was his last
               | cellphone usage?
               | 
               | Part of the reason why people jump to conclusions is
               | because of a distinct lack of rationalist reporting by
               | police and media. They don't tell us the empirical
               | evidence because we are supposed to just believe them,
               | and trust in their competent investigation, but that
               | doesn't really work, at least not everyone is going to be
               | satisfied by that demand.
               | 
               | That's not to say it wasn't a suicide, it just means we
               | don't know either way and will likely never know. But it
               | crucially also doesn't mean sufficient evidence couldn't
               | be presented to convince a reasonable observer.
        
               | zer00eyz wrote:
               | Sure:
               | 
               | What we do know: this was an AR21 case. It was him suing
               | boeing for forcing him to retire early and not promoting
               | him because he was "whistle blowing". This is a case that
               | had already been dismissed once.
               | 
               | On the matter of that, the FAA already got his reports
               | and agreed with him. The harm to Boeing from his wistle
               | blowing was finished. They were probably paying more for
               | lawyers to fight this than it was going to cost to
               | settle. So this wasnt about Boeing loosing anything other
               | than cash at this point. If we're going to speculate we
               | should be asking if Boeing was fighting this out of spite
               | rather than making a good business decision.
               | 
               | The family themselves have spoken up: that he was
               | troubled, and they firmly blame Boeing for his death. The
               | way they are going about it says "we know he killed
               | himself" ... they just think Boeing drove him to do it.
               | They are coy with the conspiracy theory angle cause it
               | just make boeing look bad...
               | 
               | There is a really interesting narrative here about
               | stress, mental heath, and suicide for gun owners. Topics
               | that the press wants to touch less than the ones your
               | suggesting they ignore....
        
               | lyu07282 wrote:
               | I care infinitely more about the questions I asked than
               | whatever the family had to say. Because questions about
               | fingerprints and gunpowder residue are concerning the
               | physical evidence that could prove suicide to a
               | reasonable degree.
               | 
               | I don't really care about talking about circumstantial
               | evidence when the physical is right there.
               | 
               | The reason why people aren't convinced by the "this
               | wasn't even about his whistleblowing, he already
               | disclosed everything, so Boeing has no motive" argument
               | is because it isn't just about stopping whistleblowers,
               | it's about the chilling effect for other potential,
               | current employees.
               | 
               | We can brush it all aside as crazy conspiracy theories,
               | but I think that's actually very harmful to society.
               | Conspiracy thinking is very damaging, our response
               | shouldn't be "shut up and trust authority" when somebody
               | asks about forensic evidence.
        
               | zer00eyz wrote:
               | >>> it's about the chilling effect for other potential,
               | current employees.
               | 
               | We agree on this 1000%
               | 
               | "If this hadn't gone on so long, I'd still have my son,
               | and my sons would have their brother and we wouldn't be
               | sitting here. So in that respect, I do," Vicky Stokes
               | said when asked if she places some of the blame for her
               | son's death on Boeing.
               | 
               | FROM: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/john-barnett-boeing-
               | whistleblow...
               | 
               | Let me restate that: THE MANS OWN MOTHER SAYS BOEING
               | DROVE HIM TO KILL HIMSELF
               | 
               | They didn't need to hold a gun to his head and pull the
               | trigger. The just needed to fuck him over badly enough
               | for long enough for this to be the inevitable outcome.
               | 
               | Blow the whistle all you want kids, Pappa Boeing gonna
               | take your job and fuck you over and there aint nothing
               | you can do about it... Thats the chilling narrative if
               | there ever was one.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | On the other hand, he might have wanted to go out leaving
               | exactly this sort of mess of optics for boeing PR to deal
               | with. Most people who commit suicide probably aren't in
               | the national spotlight against the very thing that
               | brought them this point beforehand.
        
             | whythre wrote:
             | Seems pretty convenient to the people in power that he had
             | the courtesy to off himself before he could hurt them in
             | court.
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | It. was. a. defamation. lawsuit.
               | 
               | The second of two, because he lost the first one.
               | 
               | People act like this was a criminal proceeding. It was
               | not. He'd already been testifying and speaking publicly
               | about Boeing for more than 5 years. He sued them because
               | of Boeing's attempts to defame his character to downplay
               | the allegations which have been public for a long time.
        
               | ladzoppelin wrote:
               | I am not saying your wrong but who were the faulty
               | suppliers for all these claims? Is it possible things
               | would start unraveling for something much bigger than it
               | already has? The other motive would also be to send a
               | message which it definitely did. I find it weird that he
               | would ruin the chance of future whistle blowers coming
               | forward by doing this the day after the court appearance,
               | its strange.
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | What was his testimony in a civil (not criminal) lawsuit
               | which had already been given many times before both in
               | public and in other lawsuits going to unravel? Especially
               | given the number of additional investigations going on?
               | 
               | Why would I just assume that it exists?
               | 
               | And why would it ruin the chance of future whistle
               | blowers coming forwards? Was he supposed to imagine that
               | everyone was going to start believing conspiracy theories
               | about his death?
        
               | ladzoppelin wrote:
               | I mean, do you really think this will not deter future
               | whistle blowers lol? "conspiracy theories about his
               | death" You mean like that 30 year coordinated Epstein
               | situation?
        
               | zer00eyz wrote:
               | Right... defamation is a good analog for this. Its under
               | AIR21...
               | 
               | This case was him suing Boeing for money. The claim was
               | that his whistleblowing was the reason he didn't get
               | promoted and was forced to retire early. Thats
               | whistleblowing past tense, the FAA already said the
               | things he was whistleblowing on were in fact true, and
               | Boeing was at fault.
               | 
               | He had lost this case once, but his lawyers felt that he
               | could win this 2nd time around as there was a
               | preponderance of evidence. The table stakes for this were
               | in the 10's of millions at best, a trivial sum of money.
               | 
               | >>> I am not saying your wrong but who were the faulty
               | suppliers for all these claims?
               | 
               | It was all, already, long ago, unraveled:
               | 
               | https://archive.is/iUzxR#selection-1111.393-1111.775
        
             | euroderf wrote:
             | A billion dollars here, a billion dollars there, pretty
             | soon someone needs to be taken out of the picture.
        
               | zer00eyz wrote:
               | What billions of dollars.
               | 
               | The man had already been on film. He already has written
               | statements everywhere. The FAA already agreed that what
               | he said had happened.
               | 
               | He was in court for AIR21 case... to get money out of
               | boeing for himself, for 10 years of early retirement.
               | Candidly Boeing was probably paying more for the lawyers
               | they were using to fight him than they would have paid
               | just settling.
               | 
               | There weren't billons on the line with this.
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | The reason you don't settle is to discourage others from
               | doing the same thing. It would also be the reason to
               | 'suicide' someone even if they were not costing you much
               | money.
        
             | smsm42 wrote:
             | You say it like "anxiety" and "stress" are synonymous to
             | suicidal. I am a pretty anxious person, and sometimes have
             | a lot of stress at work, and experienced burnout in the
             | past too. That doesn't mean I am about to shoot myself in a
             | motel parking lot - or anywhere else, for that matter. This
             | binary view of mental health - either a person is "healthy"
             | which means 100% perfect, or he's not - and then anything
             | can be expected, including a suicide at any arbitrary time
             | - is nonsense. It's completely legit to ask how comes the
             | person who wasn't suicidal, and actually told people that
             | he's not - suddenly turns to commit suicide in the middle
             | of court testimony, without any warning signs or
             | explanation. Saying "oh, he was anxious and stressed about
             | work" is not a good explanation to this. Maybe there was an
             | explanation, maybe there wasn't, but pretending "anxiety"
             | explains it is nonsense.
        
               | zer00eyz wrote:
               | His whole lawsuit was about being forced to retire 10
               | years early because Boeing forced him out for
               | whistleblowing.
               | 
               | Thats whistleblowing as in past tense. He complained to
               | the FAA and the FAA said 'yes John you're right'.
               | 
               | Not to diminish your mental heath but the whole argument
               | here is that what Boeing around "stress", "pressure" and
               | "anxiety" was far worse.
               | 
               | Its not like is anti whistleblower retaliation case
               | (AIR21) was going to be some massive blemish for Boeing.
               | It's not like it was going to be a 100 million dollar
               | write down. It is basically "wrongful termination" that
               | they are fighting. And it would be round 2 on this case
               | (the first was "dismissed").
               | 
               | https://archive.is/iUzxR#selection-995.134-995.139 does a
               | bit better job of surfacing more of the details. Ones
               | that paint boeing in a far worse light without the
               | sensationalism of a tv script murder plot.
        
             | partiallypro wrote:
             | I don't really even get the conspiracy theory that he was
             | murdered, if Boeing etc are all so knowing and powerful why
             | didn't they kill him years ago, well before he could tell
             | his tale? Now they kill him because he already spoke out
             | and they want to put the spotlight on themselves? The whole
             | thing doesn't really make a lot of logical sense.
        
         | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
         | The "funny" thing to me is that I'm old enough to remember when
         | the merger occurred that people were predicting exactly what
         | came to pass. It just took 25 years to finally happen.
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | Yes, large companies take a lot longer to fail than I ever
           | imagined. A lot of time can pass riding on past excellence
           | before the cracks start showing.
        
             | Rinzler89 wrote:
             | It's not about the size of the company, it's about the
             | barrier to entry of the market they're in, how much
             | competition they have and the amount of vendor lock-in.
             | 
             | And civil aviation in general scores top marks in all those
             | fields. It's a duopoly with an insane barrier to entry both
             | technical, legal and financial with very long and complex
             | vendor lock-in.
        
           | krisoft wrote:
           | So what you are saying is that twitter, oh sorry x, is going
           | to break down completely in around 2048? :)
        
             | masklinn wrote:
             | I doubt xitter has as much quality buffer as Boeing had in
             | '97, and Elon's brutalisation of it was a lot less gradual.
        
               | YeBanKo wrote:
               | Does quality matter as much for X as it does for Boeing?
               | A closer example to Boeing is Tesla and SpaceX. Tesla is
               | a mixed bag of good and bad stuff. But SpaceX is a marvel
               | and essentially has no competitors.
               | 
               | Compare X to media. Since the bridge collapse in the
               | Baltimore I have read interesting analysis on X and
               | reddit, not the best medium, but yet did not come across
               | a single decent article about it in the media.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | SpaceX is a much better analogy than Tesla.
               | 
               | Tesla accepts that there will be some accidents at the
               | cost of progress.
               | 
               | SpaceX does not. (Or specifically lines up launches so
               | that accidents have negligible consequences)
        
               | YeBanKo wrote:
               | Tesla can cause injuries and casualties to general
               | public, so can Boeing. SpaceX much less likely.
        
           | masklinn wrote:
           | > It just took 25 years to finally happen.
           | 
           | "Quality inertia" is one thing which allows for giant amounts
           | of damage to be done long before the wheels visibly come off,
           | as deviance gets normalised (and even mandated in cases such
           | as Boeing) and the company eats its reserve of quality and
           | goodwill, it starts going off-track in small ways before it
           | falls off a cliff.
           | 
           | It took closer to 20 years than 25 for the wheels to come off
           | of Boeing. Lion Air 610 crashed on October 29, 2018, the MDD
           | merger was on August 1, 1997.
           | 
           | And that crash was the first major _externally visible
           | symptom_ [0], the decisions which led to it happened years
           | earlier (2014-2015).
           | 
           | [0] unless you count the dreamliner's joke of a rollout,
           | which probably should have been the warning shot that things
           | were getting unwell
        
             | hammock wrote:
             | Where can I read more about quality inertia , find other
             | case studies, etc?
        
               | jgeada wrote:
               | There was a recent discussion right here on HN about
               | "trading trust":
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39394990
               | 
               | Basically, many of these companies took decades to reach
               | these positions where they're trusted. A bunch of
               | managers rightfully figured out this was an asset that
               | could be easily traded away for increased profits and
               | they'd be gone by the time anyone noticed the devastation
               | they left behind.
        
               | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
               | Also called "brand harvesting".
               | 
               | (If you built the brand yourself and did this all
               | intentionally, I think it could also simply be called
               | "the long con".)
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | https://govinfo.library.unt.edu/caib/news/report/default.
               | htm...
        
             | jrs235 wrote:
             | https://youtu.be/GN80sx3s4LA?si=de_4xxo1YhFVy0lD
        
           | MilStdJunkie wrote:
           | Remember the big rollout of the Dreamliner in 2014 to show it
           | was all done, but it was actually an empty metal tube with
           | landing gear duct taped on it? And remember the _venom_ that
           | people got for bringing up the fact that, you know, you could
           | see the sky from the wheel wells? Or the second rollout, when
           | they had to strap the fuse segments together because no one
           | knew where the fasteners were?
           | 
           | Oh we could go on and on, for pages and pages. This story's
           | not anything new.
           | 
           | I think a lot of people in the industry have just been
           | waiting for the thud, but everyone underestimated just how
           | _good_ A &P mechanics are[1], and how tight aircrew is. As we
           | approach the days when aircrew have to punch a de-ice button
           | every five minutes, we're hitting the limits of those staff.
           | 
           | Something to think about: name a commercially successful
           | Boeing-designed product from the 21st century. Something that
           | can legitimately be called "Successful", and "Boeing"
           | 
           | [1] Who are not required in the Boeing fab - oh no - they are
           | _far_ too expensive. But wait, you might ask . . what
           | credentials _are_ required in the plant? Heh heh heh heh heh
           | . . . oh that is a fun question.
        
             | masklinn wrote:
             | > Remember the big rollout of the Dreamliner in 2014 to
             | show it was all done, but it was actually an empty metal
             | tube with landing gear duct taped on it?
             | 
             | It was in 2007 (on July 8th, a date obviously picked for
             | the memes). Maiden flight was supposed to be two months or
             | so away with introduction in 2008.
             | 
             | Maiden flight was on December 15, 2009. Commercial service
             | started October 2011.
             | 
             | > name a commercially successful Boeing-designed product
             | from the 21st century
             | 
             | The MAX was _commercially_ successful before it started
             | falling out the sky. Orders even picked back up after the
             | dip and cancellations from the MCAS crisis.
             | 
             | It's not like customers have much of a choice if they need
             | a new frame, there are 7000 outstanding orders for the
             | A320neo family and in 2023 Airbus built 45 a month, with
             | plans to eventually reach 75 a month (and stabilise there)
             | circa 2026.
        
             | constantcrying wrote:
             | >name a commercially successful Boeing-designed product
             | from the 21st century. Something that can legitimately be
             | called "Successful", and "Boeing"
             | 
             | Boeing is still able to sell planes to customers, they
             | still have a lot of orders in their backlog. This would
             | only change if their are mass cancellations by their
             | customers.
             | 
             | There is a _massive_ demand for planes right now, airlines
             | rather would own a  "good enough" plane from Bowling than
             | no plane at all.
             | 
             | The problem isn't the _lack_ of commercial success, the
             | problem is that Boeing _is_ commercially successful and
             | that there is absolutely no punishment from the market or
             | their customers, because everyone knows that they will
             | continue to make and sell planes.
        
           | pdonis wrote:
           | _> It just took 25 years to finally happen._
           | 
           | To me the big question is, why did it take 25 years for this
           | to become common knowledge? Why is our system of evaluating
           | public corporations so messed up that a public company, and
           | one with huge government contracts to boot, could get away
           | with this for that long?
        
             | baggy_trough wrote:
             | Boeing, and the United States as a whole, have been very
             | richly endowed with capital. When you decide to stop adding
             | to your seed corn and start to eat it down, but you began
             | with an enormous mountain of it, you can eat well for a
             | very long period of time.
        
           | mooreds wrote:
           | Do you remember any specific newspaper or trade mag articles?
           | Or was the conversation more in private/back channel?
        
         | justrealist wrote:
         | > It's worth reading, perhaps unless you're going to be flying
         | on a Boeing plane anytime soon.
         | 
         | This is all bad for Boeing, but at the end of the day, nobody
         | has died on an American carrier in a Boeing plane in a very
         | long time.
         | 
         | Aircraft safety is layers on layers on layers. Let's not FUD
         | people into thinking that flying on the worst plane Boeing has
         | ever put out is anywhere comparable to the daily risks of
         | driving.
        
           | theragra wrote:
           | Thanks
        
           | bsder wrote:
           | > Aircraft safety is layers on layers on layers.
           | 
           | This is true, but disasters occur because those layers and
           | layers get eroded until there is only one layer left which
           | then fails.
           | 
           | The problem is that Boeing has eroded layers and layers and
           | layers of that safety. The question is "How many of those
           | layers are left?"
        
         | stcredzero wrote:
         | _it will be unsurprising to you to hear that shortly
         | afterwards, Boeing began abusing its most senior employees into
         | leaving._
         | 
         | Sounds a bit like what happened in newsrooms and at newspapers
         | in the past decade and a half. (Except in that case, it was
         | bottom-up, not top-down.)
        
         | deviantbit wrote:
         | What do you mean by "down hill"? Boeing has developed
         | incredible technologies since the MD merger. They have been
         | profitable w/ these technologies. You make a claim they were
         | going down hill, what do you mean?
         | 
         | I have a number of family members that work for Boeing, that
         | have been in executive management, engineering and research.
         | None of them ever mentioned MD as being the beginning of a
         | decline.
         | 
         | All of them tell a different story. The problems began with
         | James McNerney. Harry Stonecipher came from MD, and was one of
         | the best CEO's to ever touch that company. The 787 wouldn't
         | have been a thing if it were not for McNerney.
         | 
         | If you make a claim, back it up.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | It's really hard to recover from a downgrade in culture. I hear
         | the same kinds of things about IBM. I'm pretty sure there are
         | other examples.
         | 
         | The tough part is - it is _sad_.
         | 
         | Read about boeing and Tex Johnston:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_M._Johnston#Boeing_Compa...
         | 
         | and IBM invented the PC:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer
        
         | jrs235 wrote:
         | Norminalization of Deviance:
         | https://youtu.be/GN80sx3s4LA?si=de_4xxo1YhFVy0lD
        
       | proc0 wrote:
       | > Swampy believed relying on mechanics to self-inspect their work
       | was not only insane but illegal
       | 
       | This sounds like the changes that have taken place in the
       | software industry in the past 10-20 years. Engineers are meant to
       | do much more than engineering, including testing their own
       | software, managing project timelines, etc., however with software
       | nobody dies, you just get crappy software that constantly breaks
       | and needs an update every other day. There's an overall theme
       | here of underestimating how hard engineering is, and as a result
       | expecting a lot more from engineers which then of course causes
       | bad engineering. Not surprisingly this is caused by non-technical
       | people with power. Perhaps the fix is a cultural shift and a
       | renewed respect for people who want to spend all their time
       | specializing in technical skills.
        
         | rjbwork wrote:
         | Great idea but how will the bean counters and schmoozers get
         | their multi-million dollar bonuses if they can't force
         | engineers to do 5 jobs while paying them for 1? Will never
         | work.
        
           | pfortuny wrote:
           | quality control is most of the times unmeasurable in the
           | short term...
        
         | margalabargala wrote:
         | > however with software nobody dies
         | 
         | The MCAS issue which crashed two Boeing planes was a software
         | hack.
        
           | SahAssar wrote:
           | Well, yes, but also no. It was a hardware design change that
           | necessitated a software hack (to escape mandatory retraining
           | of pilots) that relied on unreliable hardware, right?
           | 
           | Sure, software played a big part in it, but I think it seems
           | like it was more a management and communication failure. If
           | it was just software it'd probably be much easier to diagnose
           | and fix.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | I disagree. The hardware design of the cockpit is intended
             | to be such that any computer inputs also move the pilot's
             | controls, so that the pilots can countermand computer
             | inputs if necessary. In this case, software was written
             | such that this was not possible. The software that operates
             | MCAS operates on a garbage-in-garbage-out model, like most
             | software. There was no software written to determine if the
             | incoming data was garbage, thus the software decided to
             | crash two planes.
             | 
             | Here's an article that goes into detail on the software:
             | https://spectrum.ieee.org/how-the-boeing-737-max-disaster-
             | lo...
             | 
             | > When the flight computer trims the airplane to descend,
             | because the MCAS system thinks it's about to stall, a set
             | of motors and jacks push the pilot's control columns
             | forward. It turns out that the Elevator Feel Computer can
             | put a lot of force into that column--indeed, so much force
             | that a human pilot can quickly become exhausted trying to
             | pull the column back, trying to tell the computer that this
             | really, really should not be happening.
             | 
             | > Indeed, not letting the pilot regain control by pulling
             | back on the column was an explicit design decision. Because
             | if the pilots could pull up the nose when MCAS said it
             | should go down, why have MCAS at all?
             | 
             | > MCAS is implemented in the flight management computer,
             | even at times when the autopilot is turned off, when the
             | pilots think they are flying the plane. In a fight between
             | the flight management computer and human pilots over who is
             | in charge, the computer will bite humans until they give up
             | and (literally) die.
             | 
             | At the end of the day, if the person who wrote that
             | software had written it differently, then those planes
             | would not have crashed and hundreds of people would not
             | have died.
        
               | error503 wrote:
               | > At the end of the day, if the person who wrote that
               | software had written it differently, then those planes
               | would not have crashed and hundreds of people would not
               | have died.
               | 
               | You can't really blame the software engineers. This was
               | all thought out and tightly specified by Boeing to their
               | avionics subcontractor (Collins, IIRC). This is how it
               | was designed and engineered to work at a systems level -
               | it is a _design_ hack. As far as I know there weren 't
               | any software bugs or 'hacks' involved, and the avionics
               | operated as designed (aside from the AoA DISAGREE alert,
               | which was due to a requirements miscommunication, not a
               | bug). It was broken _by design_ , which happened long
               | before implementation, at Boeing.
               | 
               | > When the flight computer trims the airplane to descend,
               | because the MCAS system thinks it's about to stall, a set
               | of motors and jacks push the pilot's control columns
               | forward. It turns out that the Elevator Feel Computer can
               | put a lot of force into that column--indeed, so much
               | force that a human pilot can quickly become exhausted
               | trying to pull the column back, trying to tell the
               | computer that this really, really should not be
               | happening.
               | 
               | The Elevator Feel Computer is a part of the 737NG as
               | well, and would behave the same way in those airplanes
               | when receiving such erroneous AoA data; it's nothing new
               | in the MAX. It certainly did not help the crews during
               | the fatal MAX incidents, and is clearly not an ideal
               | design, but it's also barely a footnote in the root cause
               | analysis, along with the stick shaker and stall warnings
               | blaring at them constantly. The pilots would easily be
               | able to overcome it long enough to get safely on the
               | ground. What was a bigger problem for those crews was
               | that the MCAS has enough trim authority to make it
               | impossible, with any amount of elevator input, to restore
               | level flight - limiting its trim authority was part of
               | the 'fixes' required to get them airborne again.
               | 
               | I don't think it's reasonable to blame the implementation
               | of MCAS for the accidents, its _existence_ is to blame,
               | and really highlights how nothing about the 737 platform
               | has been designed holistically - it is a patchwork of
               | hacks on hacks dating from the 1970s, which is difficult
               | to reason about as a whole, and has dark corners. To
               | truly  'fix' MCAS, you need to consider AoA as critical
               | air data (which the 737 does not), and you need to
               | integrate it holistically with the rest of the flight
               | controls (which the 737 cannot, since it is not fly-by-
               | wire), and you need to consider it critical equipment
               | (it's an 'augmentation' and not considered critical on
               | the 737, 'justifying' the lack of redundancy). Once
               | you've done those things, you've basically got the bones
               | of a proper envelope protection system in place, and
               | you've obviated the need for MCAS in the first place. Of
               | course the 737 team couldn't do this, because the
               | business decided that it was more important to avoid (and
               | hide) any differences than to bring the aircraft in line
               | with modern standards.
               | 
               | Realistically, this should have been trapped by the
               | safety analysis of the flawed design, which should have
               | considered its effect on the whole flight control system
               | when evaluating it, but Boeing again only considered MCAS
               | to be an 'augmentation' and it got an abbreviated safety
               | review as a result. Some engineers did express concern
               | about some of these factors, but given the environment
               | outlined in TFA, those concerns did not go anywhere,
               | because they would have basically scuttled the idea and
               | sent everyone back to the drawing board, which Boeing was
               | desperate to avoid having already been caught flat-footed
               | with the launch of the A320neo.
               | 
               | The 737 airframe needs to be put to rest, it is simply
               | not safe or sane to keep stacking more hacks onto it. But
               | there's no indication Boeing's working on a successor so
               | it's probably going to be on the market for another 20+
               | years. Hard to imagine folks will probably be flying on
               | an airframe with a 100 year old design (2024 + 20 years
               | before a new revision + 20 years life span = 2064, around
               | 100 years from the 737 launch before they start
               | retiring)!
        
               | canucker2016 wrote:
               | Buying an airplane is not the same as buying a consumer
               | item from a big box retailer.
               | 
               | It's more like buying an expensive car/enterprise
               | software. There are options. Options cost extra....
               | 
               | excerpts from
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/21/business/boeing-
               | safety-fe...:
               | 
               | As the pilots of the doomed Boeing jets in Ethiopia and
               | Indonesia fought to control their planes, they lacked two
               | notable safety features in their cockpits.
               | 
               | One reason: Boeing charged extra for them.
               | 
               | For Boeing and other aircraft manufacturers, the practice
               | of charging to upgrade a standard plane can be lucrative.
               | Top airlines around the world must pay handsomely to have
               | the jets they order fitted with customized add-ons.
               | 
               | Boeing's optional safety features, in part, could have
               | helped the pilots detect any erroneous readings. One of
               | the optional upgrades, the angle of attack indicator,
               | displays the readings of the two sensors. The other,
               | called a disagree light, is activated if those sensors
               | are at odds with one another.
               | 
               | Boeing will soon update the MCAS software, and will also
               | make the disagree light standard on all new 737 Max
               | planes, according to a person familiar with the changes,
               | who spoke on condition of anonymity because they have not
               | been made public. Boeing started moving on the software
               | fix and the equipment change before the crash in
               | Ethiopia.
               | 
               | The angle of attack indicator will remain an option that
               | airlines can buy. Neither feature was mandated by the
               | Federal Aviation Administration. All 737 Max jets have
               | been grounded.
               | 
               | "They're critical, and cost almost nothing for the
               | airlines to install," said Bjorn Fehrm, an analyst at the
               | aviation consultancy Leeham. "Boeing charges for them
               | because it can. But they're vital for safety."
               | 
               | "There are so many things that should not be optional,
               | and many airlines want the cheapest airplane you can
               | get," said Mark H. Goodrich, an aviation lawyer and
               | former engineering test pilot. "And Boeing is able to
               | say, 'Hey, it was available.'"
               | 
               | But what Boeing doesn't say, he added, is that it has
               | become "a great profit center" for the manufacturer.
               | 
               | The three American airlines that bought the 737 Max each
               | took a different approach to outfitting the cockpits.
               | 
               | American Airlines, which ordered 100 of the planes and
               | has 24 in its fleet, bought both the angle of attack
               | indicator and the disagree light, the company said.
               | 
               | Southwest Airlines, which ordered 280 of the planes and
               | counts 36 in its fleet so far, had already purchased the
               | disagree alert option, and it also installed an angle of
               | attack indicator in a display mounted above the pilots'
               | heads. After the Lion Air crash, Southwest said it would
               | modify its 737 Max fleet to place the angle of attack
               | indicator on the pilots' main computer screens.
               | 
               | United Airlines, which ordered 137 of the planes and has
               | received 14, did not select the indicators or the
               | disagree light. A United spokesman said the airline does
               | not include the features because its pilots use other
               | data to fly the plane.
               | 
               | When it was rolled out, MCAS took readings from only one
               | sensor on any given flight, leaving the system vulnerable
               | to a single point of failure. One theory in the Lion Air
               | crash is that MCAS was receiving faulty data from one of
               | the sensors, prompting an unrecoverable nose dive.
               | 
               | In the software update that Boeing says is coming soon,
               | MCAS will be modified to take readings from both sensors.
               | If there is a meaningful disagreement between the
               | readings, MCAS will be disabled.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | The difference is whether organizations are willing--or forced
         | --to invest in it.
         | 
         | That's not automatically a wrong though, since different
         | objects or processes merit different levels of quality.
        
         | mattgreenrocks wrote:
         | The real fix is popularizing the notion that management is just
         | as commoditizatable than those they seek to commoditize.
         | 
         | Note that in the recent dialogue about AI eating jobs, there's
         | zero mention of whether it could come for management positions.
         | Nothing. Curious, isn't it? Why wouldn't an LLM be good enough
         | at this? I mean, it's really data-driven, right?
        
           | passwordoops wrote:
           | Frankly I think ChatGPT 3.5 was already good enough to
           | replace the majority of CxO positions
        
             | lrem wrote:
             | Why not a Markov chain generator?
        
           | joe_the_user wrote:
           | _The real fix is popularizing the notion that management is
           | just as commoditizatable than those they seek to
           | commoditize._
           | 
           | What's described here is exactly what happens when you have
           | "generic" management. Generic management finds unneeded
           | expenses and eliminates them. The only way a senior expert
           | isn't a cost to be eliminated is if you managers focused on
           | and understanding the enterprise they are managing (and no
           | promises with that, however).
        
         | lozenge wrote:
         | > however with software nobody dies
         | 
         | Eh, not a good hard-and-fast rule. Fujitsu's Horizon software
         | drove some of its users to suicide.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | > however with software nobody dies
         | 
         | Unless that software is running a life-critical or potentially
         | life-threatening piece of equipment. People have died from
         | software bugs in such things.
        
         | ccakes wrote:
         | > however with software nobody dies
         | 
         | Software that runs systems which can directly kill people does
         | tend to get a lot of scrutiny, but there is also a lot of
         | software which can indirectly kill someone that doesn't get the
         | same level of attention
         | 
         | https://www.technologydecisions.com.au/content/convergence/a...
        
       | ljsprague wrote:
       | An intrusive popup took over my screen at that link.
        
         | strict9 wrote:
         | You can click reader mode in your browser to read the article.
        
         | buildsjets wrote:
         | I have zero patience for fools who are allegedly knowledge
         | workers, yet complain about popups and ads in the year 2024.
         | 
         | The ads are obnoxious, but they are there for the plebs, and we
         | need to put obnoxious ads the faces of plebs to fund the
         | internet. If you are not a pleb, you already have an adblocking
         | solution installed, so please use it. If however, you are a
         | pleb, please consume mass quantities of the product which is
         | being advertised. There are a lot of adware developers who are
         | counting on you to buy their next Porsche.
         | 
         | Or, invent a decent micropayent solution so we can get rid of
         | the damn ads.
        
           | ljsprague wrote:
           | Or how about pop-ups not take over my screen? I'm on a work
           | computer without an ad blocker.
        
             | swader999 wrote:
             | Get back to work Brian.
        
             | huimang wrote:
             | Or you can not complain about a dismissable popup on
             | quality article being presented to you for free.
        
               | ljsprague wrote:
               | It wasn't dismissible; I had to force quit the browser.
        
       | type_Ben_struct wrote:
       | It baffles me how this happens time and time again in companies
       | as they grow (albeit rarely with this level of human life
       | consequence), and nobody ever seems to learn from it.
        
         | carom wrote:
         | Structural incentives that prioritize short term profits.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | There's one technology where humanity's pace of progress has
         | not been so swift: The programming and execution of
         | organizations.
        
         | noahtallen wrote:
         | The companies are smart enough to learn from it. The problem is
         | that in a late-stage capitalist market, companies have already
         | grown so large that the easiest way to continue to grow profits
         | is to cut costs as much as possible.
         | 
         | It's pretty obvious that in many cases, this incentive is
         | entirely opposed to human health and flourishing. Sure, you can
         | cut costs in consumer electronics like TVs without harming
         | anyone. (Assuming regulations that enforce a baseline quality
         | in electrical components.) You can't do that in aviation or
         | health care.
         | 
         | Another aspect is that lower costs don't make it back to
         | consumers in many industries with little competition. A more
         | "financially efficient" Boeing means more money for
         | shareholders, not cheaper airplanes.
         | 
         | A counterpoint is that disasters should provide an economic
         | incentive to the company to fix problems that cause disasters.
         | As you point out, this simply isn't happening. There was
         | apparently not enough market incentive after the B737max
         | crashes to fix their quality control problems. That means it's
         | cheaper for Boeing to crash its planes than to have really
         | strong quality control. Obviously, the capitalist incentives in
         | this system are no longer working for society.
         | 
         | These late stage, massive companies are not about making good
         | products. They are legally about returning value to
         | shareholders. The people in charge are therefore all about
         | optimizing the company finances.
         | 
         | The only way to counteract this frequently terrible incentive
         | is by us people (the government) creating the incentives that
         | work for society. That could mean huge, costly fines in these
         | situations such that the only way to get money for shareholders
         | is to make quality products, since what should be a market
         | incentive has gotten so messed up.
        
           | throwway120385 wrote:
           | > The only way to counteract this frequently terrible
           | incentive is by us people (the government) creating the
           | incentives that work for society. That could mean huge,
           | costly fines in these situations such that the only way to
           | get money for shareholders is to make quality products, since
           | what should be a market incentive has gotten so messed up.
           | 
           | The US government could also get more aggressive about
           | blocking mergers and breaking large companies up for being
           | large. If you blew up Meta as an example, you'd force all of
           | its ventures to compete with each other on the open market
           | again. If you blew it up in to regional or state-level
           | companies and prevented them from merging with each other
           | they would all have to figure out how to work as they each
           | invaded each others' markets. That "inefficiency" of the
           | market would naturally create jobs and upward wage pressure
           | as companies attempted to hire each others' staff away from
           | each other.
        
         | jethro_tell wrote:
         | They absolutely learn! These jackasses got paid in stock,
         | inflated their income 10x, cashed out, and then when shit hits
         | the fan, the corporation is on the hook. These leaders never go
         | on trial for this shit because destroying culture isn't a
         | crime.
         | 
         | And then when there is an investigation, it's just a general
         | cultural issue and no one person is at fault, so the company
         | pays out a lawsuit, the current guy gets fired with a huge
         | bonus to cover the fact that he couldn't inflate the stock and
         | the pattern repeats.
         | 
         | So, basically, there's high upside and no downside so why not?
        
         | 015UUZn8aEvW wrote:
         | Pournelle's Iron Law of Bureaucracy.
         | 
         | Every hour that a Boeing employee spends trying to design or
         | build a good airplane is one less hour that he can spend
         | angling for power within the organization. So the people who
         | care the most about the original purpose of the organization
         | will be systematically outcompeted by the people who care the
         | most about obtaining power within the organization. A
         | widespread and profound problem.
         | 
         | When companies are small, the machinations of political types
         | and their inadequate contributions to the core product are too
         | obvious, and they get weeded out.
         | 
         | But when the company grows large and successful (due to the
         | efforts of the people who cared about the original mission), it
         | has a brand and long-term customers. At that point, the
         | political types can burrow in without any immediately obvious
         | effects, since there are enough other people doing the real
         | work and the company has enough momentum to keep moving for
         | some time.
        
         | Clent wrote:
         | People need their mortality taken for future deterrence.
         | Anything less is our collective moral weakness saying this is
         | OK.
        
       | darth_avocado wrote:
       | > He mocked him in weekly meetings whenever he dared contribute a
       | thought, assigned a fellow manager to spy on him and spread
       | rumors that he did not play nicely with others, and disciplined
       | him for things like "using email to communicate" and pushing for
       | flaws he found on planes to be fixed.
       | 
       | Sounds like a regular middle manager in any tech company. Sad
       | unfortunate effect of the power asymmetries in corporate
       | structure: managers have all the power but very few checks to
       | keep them accountable. I've seen the same thing happen again and
       | again in different companies (including to me), thankfully none
       | of them building planes.
        
         | sideshowb wrote:
         | Um so... what was he _supposed_ to use email for, according to
         | the manager?
        
           | jldugger wrote:
           | Letting everyone know there are free bananas in the break
           | room. Important stuff should be kept where opposing council
           | can't find it, I guess.
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | Generally when companies seek to avoid liability, they push
           | to have their employees use telephone to communicate so that
           | compromising emails don't come out during the discovery
           | period of a lawsuit. I imagine this is one of such cases.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | > Sounds like a regular middle manager in any tech company.
         | 
         | I bet this is true in some, but certainly not all, tech
         | companies. I've only encountered one example of such a manager
         | in my entire career (and quit just to get away from that
         | nonsense).
        
         | twojobsoneboss wrote:
         | Apart from pushing someone out who they don't wanna pay
         | severance for, what incentive does a manager have to treat one
         | of their reports like dirt?
        
           | smackeyacky wrote:
           | Control via emotional abuse. I've currently got a middle
           | manager who is perhaps the most clueless person I have ever
           | worked for (we gave him the nickname "Bumble" which is short
           | for what we actually call him).
           | 
           | He has no leadership abilities, doesn't understand the tech,
           | can't mentor us, can't pathfind for us and every vendor we
           | deal with he has managed to upset.
           | 
           | To make up for all these shortcomings, he is manipulative and
           | two faced, micro-managing to an extreme degree and generally
           | when he does find something he half understands he's all over
           | it (and you) to a degree that reduces your productivity to
           | nothing.
           | 
           | Control is the aim. Everything is out of control, so the one
           | thing he does have (seniority, the ear of upper management)
           | he uses wilfully.
           | 
           | At one point this guy got an alert on one of the monitoring
           | services, so he panicked and called customers, dragged in
           | senior management and only after that started sending texts
           | that I _urgently_ had to look at it even though I had already
           | dismissed the error as a minor fault in the monitor itself. I
           | made the mistake of telling him to fuck off after the 6th
           | text message in 2 minutes.
           | 
           | I, of course, got a formal warning from HR. He bumbles on
           | regardless.
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | Plenty of things: control, gain more authority at the expense
           | of others, decrease someone's value out of pure jealousy,
           | have a scapegoat ready for when you make a mistake, create an
           | opening where you can hire your buddies, satisfy your ego,
           | etc.
        
           | lucidguppy wrote:
           | Sociopathy...
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Boeing 's Dead Whistleblower Spoke the Truth_
       | 
       | https://www.thefp.com/p/boeings-dead-whistleblower-spoke-the...
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39838580)
        
       | ortusdux wrote:
       | _" So the people that can make the company more successful are
       | sales and marketing people, and they end up running the
       | companies. And the product people get driven out of the decision
       | making forums, and the companies forget what it means to make
       | great products. The product sensibility and the product genius
       | that brought them to that monopolistic position gets rotted out
       | by people running these companies that have no conception of a
       | good product versus a bad product.
       | 
       | They have no conception of the craftsmanship that's required to
       | take a good idea and turn it into a good product. And they really
       | have no feeling in their hearts, usually, about wanting to really
       | help the customers."_
       | 
       | Steve Jobs (1995) -
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Jobs:_The_Lost_Interview
        
         | csours wrote:
         | Sales and marketing - and financialization and capital
         | efficiency. I got no beef with accountants, but I think
         | companies need just enough focus on financialization and low to
         | medium priority on capital efficiency (ie, look out for stupid
         | wastes of capital).
        
         | theragra wrote:
         | Weird to read from a "you are holding it wrong" man
        
           | asah wrote:
           | Perspective: the S&M folks he's complaining about, don't even
           | think at all about users holding products. Seriously, it's
           | all spreadsheets and powerpoint, because they've never built
           | anything with their hands, never worked on a team, and never
           | worked on a "factory floor" (e.g. live server/database, etc).
           | 
           | Steve Jobs and his generation all soldered boards that went
           | to paying customers. Elon Musk slept on the NUMMI factory
           | floor to deal with "production hell." Bill Gates personally
           | debugged MS-DOS.
           | 
           | The "bean counters" are not bad people, but doing this stuff
           | creates a humility about quality and quality process, and not
           | doing this stuff lulls people into a
           | distaste/disdain/disrespect for it.
           | 
           | Analogously, engineers who've never been responsible for
           | financial statements literally don't appreciate the work to
           | get them materially correct, let alone meet legit regulatory
           | requirements because someone somewhere cheated in counting
           | inventory or money or whatever.
        
           | deanCommie wrote:
           | Let's be clear, "you are holding it wrong" was an ass-
           | covering lie to carry Apple through an era of bad press for a
           | device that was otherwise monumental, and when you look back
           | at iPhone adoption history. 4 was the inflection point of
           | growth that never stopped. 3, 3G, and 3GS were all fine, but
           | 4 is when iPhone took over the world.
           | 
           | It was bold-faced, it was arrogant, it wasn't true, but it
           | let them fix the issues and never look back.
           | 
           | The product was otherwise good save a frustrating flaw that
           | was easy to fix, but probably wouldn't have ushered in the
           | era of dominance if they had to do a total recall.
           | 
           | Would I have been happy if I was an iPhone user at the time?
           | No, I would've been livid.
        
         | gigel82 wrote:
         | That's so ironically sad coming from Jobs seeing where Apple
         | got now (partly due to the direction he set).
        
       | Simulacra wrote:
       | How should a company promote diversity without jeopardizing
       | safety?
        
         | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
         | Why do you think one is at odds with the other?
        
           | rbancroft wrote:
           | If you are selecting for anything besides competence, your
           | chances of getting competence is effectively random. It says
           | nothing about one group of people being more or less
           | competent than another.
           | 
           | I have observed that selecting for competence leads to
           | diversity, and I believe that diversity is a strength. But it
           | is best achieved organically.
           | 
           | Personally I think the shortcomings we have with achieving
           | diversity is in the framing stage, not the hiring stage.
        
             | Ajay-p wrote:
             | Can you speak more about the framing? I think diversity
             | should be encouraged, but I also believe to some extent
             | that people of color have been left out of STEM education
             | and jobs due to poor education and opportunities. Maybe a
             | middle ground is to hire for both. Bring in women, people
             | of color, and others who may not be as educated or
             | experienced, but make a serious effort to pair them with
             | more experienced employees and train them up to where they
             | should be. Rather than hire and replace, as some have
             | suggested, hire and partner to diversify and holistically
             | improve the entire organization.
        
               | rbancroft wrote:
               | I think you are right about starting early in education
               | and exposing disadvantaged children to things they
               | wouldn't otherwise have available to them, and supporting
               | them throughout their education. This would benefit
               | organizations that want to achieve good performance and
               | is worth them investing in themselves, although
               | government support is a decent second option that I agree
               | with. However it's important to note that this is
               | primarily an economic differentiation, not a racial one.
               | 
               | Training can help but it is not sufficient for many
               | tasks. You also need aptitude and desire.
               | 
               | Culture is more about what is valued and rewarded in a
               | society, and I think the primary driver of the desire
               | component.
               | 
               | What I meant about framing was that our economies,
               | governments and businesses are framed in a cultural
               | context, anglo-protestant american capitalism in this
               | case. African-american/black communities have a
               | challenging relationship with this for obvious reasons.
               | Certain immigrant populations can integrate or
               | interoperate more effectively than others. I think the
               | key to achieving better results as a society and a planet
               | is to incorporate more cultural diversity, allowing a
               | broader range of desires and outcomes to be seen as valid
               | and worth pursuing. I'm sorry I don't have more time to
               | go into this right now, I hope it gives an idea what I
               | was referring to.
        
       | reissbaker wrote:
       | FWIW, "Prince Jim" McNerney, who most of the article's ire is
       | understandably directed towards, is no longer the CEO. He
       | directed the 737 MAX's development, but retired before the
       | scandals; his successor, Dennis Muilenburg (a 30+ year Boeing
       | employee who started out in engineering), was fired for the poor
       | quality of the 737 MAX despite it being developed under Prince
       | Jim.
       | 
       | That being said, the current CEO -- Dave Calhoun -- is an old
       | exec from from GE, where McNerney started out; I hope he's
       | different from Jim, but I wouldn't bank on it. Unlike Muilenberg
       | and pre-merger Boeing CEOs, he doesn't have a direct background
       | in aviation. He's retiring at the end of the year, and I hope his
       | replacement is more like the pre-merger CEOs than the accounting-
       | focused recent ones.
        
       | ricksunny wrote:
       | From the article: >Discussing Swampy's death and the
       | whistleblower lawsuit he left behind, the longtime former Boeing
       | executive told me, "I don't think one can be cynical enough when
       | it comes to these guys." Did that mean he thought Boeing
       | assassinated Swampy? "It's a top-secret military contractor,
       | remember; there are spies everywhere," he replied.
       | 
       | Me: Aaaaand no way I'm ever applying to work at an MIC defense
       | contractor conglomerate ever again.
        
       | NKosmatos wrote:
       | Corporate greed. Simple and truthful answer...it's also
       | applicable for many many other companies who have abandoned their
       | ways and have fallen victim of the dark side profit, dividend,
       | share price and all the other similar capitalistic ideas :-(
        
       | benced wrote:
       | I am not exaggerating to say that Jim McNerney should be dragged
       | in front of Congress and be forced to explain what he did to an
       | incredibly important American company. It's important to push
       | back against the shareholder value theory where appropriate and
       | humiliation is an underrated component of that.
        
         | throwaway458864 wrote:
         | A public hearing isn't going to change anything. Look
         | at...well, literally any powerful organization or individual
         | brought before Congress for excoriation. The pound of flesh
         | they want is press and votes, and you don't have to change
         | anything to get that.
         | 
         | It's not like they're going to break up Boeing. They can't
         | actually _do_ anything to improve Boeing. All they can do is
         | wag their finger. It 's not like there's an alternative
         | American company to give our billions of dollars to. And it's
         | not like other companies will suddenly fear being brought
         | forward to be gummed to death by whining bureaucrats.
         | 
         | You want real pain? Have them pass a law that says the entire
         | executive leadership's bonuses are forfeit, retroactively, if
         | the company fails to maintain an adequate safety record. Shit
         | will change there real quick. (That law will never happen but
         | it's funny to think of)
        
           | benced wrote:
           | I think culture is underrated. Acting like he did should not
           | be considered a dignified behavior and I think that will
           | meaningfully constrict behavior even in the absence of new
           | laws. Think about how business culture varies across
           | jurisdictions: there's more than just profit-maximization at
           | work.
           | 
           | Also, to be clear, Boeing's safety record is still good. The
           | only recent deaths are associated with less-trained pilots in
           | the earlier days of the 737 MAX. My frustration is they took
           | this organization from an engineering leader to an
           | organization that can't ship a plane. The 787, 737 MAX, and
           | now 777X were/are insanely delayed.
           | 
           | The nightmare scenario of a US-China war and Boeing being
           | unable to ship a plane honestly haunts me. Boeing is
           | extremely important to the West, broadly defined and this
           | jerk didn't uphold his commensurate responsibilities.
        
         | __loam wrote:
         | The entire neoliberal ideology needs to be reevaluated at every
         | level of business in this country. We're destroying our skilled
         | labor forces and our economy to pursue short term gains and
         | it's going to have a negative impact on our national security.
        
           | benced wrote:
           | I disagree with this. I don't really care if a video game
           | company is run in a profit-maximizing way. We should probably
           | be a bit more skeptical with important companies,
           | particularly ones that seem irreplaceable (for all their
           | faults, only one other company can do what Boeing does).
        
       | ordu wrote:
       | _> Swampy knew he was caught in a prisoner's dilemma. If he went
       | along, he was breaking the law; if he didn't, whistleblowers who
       | complained about unsafe practices were routinely terminated on
       | grounds of violating the same safety protocols they had opposed
       | violating._
       | 
       | How is it a prisoner's dilemma? Is it about cooperating with
       | whisleblowers or defecting them?
       | 
       | It seems to me to be a mere dilemma, two choices, both bad. There
       | was no interplay of cooperate/defect strategies.
        
       | jmspring wrote:
       | The problem here is that large corporations trusted with public
       | safety - be it flight safety in the case of Boeing; electical
       | generation and transmission safety in the case of PG&E here in
       | California - is that companies cater to Wall Street and bean
       | counters rather than anything else. This is where the CPUC has
       | failed in the case of PG&E and the FAA failed in the case of
       | Boeing.
       | 
       | There should be oversight and public safety should play into
       | private corporate governance for such things.
        
       | YeBanKo wrote:
       | > "Prince Jim"--as some long-timers used to call him--repeatedly
       | invoked a slur for longtime engineers and skilled machinists in
       | the obligatory vanity "leadership" book he co-wrote. Those who
       | cared too much about the integrity of the planes and not enough
       | about the stock price were "phenomenally talented assholes,"
       | 
       | Decline in attention to quality at Boeing is a known thing. But
       | this attitude towards engineering and specially to machinist is
       | just utterly f*king stupid. Especially to machinists, because
       | experienced one are hard to find, not even talking about
       | toolmakers. It seems that the starting salary for machinists
       | isn't that great and many shops lost to outsource. And
       | experienced folks retire leaving a wide gap behind. Of course,
       | this does not excuse such an attitude toward engineers either.
        
       | bradley13 wrote:
       | tl;dr: Pournelle's Iron Law.
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | Pournelle's Iron Law is just him saying "I am a Republican".
         | You are not required to listen to him.
         | 
         | For balance, I stopped reading this article at the end of the
         | first page because it called Boeing "neoliberal", which doesn't
         | mean anything except that the writer is a snotty humanities
         | grad.
        
           | rbancroft wrote:
           | _Pournelle 's Iron Law of Bureaucracy states that in any
           | bureaucratic organization there will be two kinds of people:
           | First, there will be those who are devoted to the goals of
           | the organization. Secondly, there will be those dedicated to
           | the organization itself. The Iron Law states that in every
           | case the second group will gain and keep control of the
           | organization. It will write the rules, and control promotions
           | within the organization._
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | Yes, he's a Republican.
             | 
             | Typical engineering humor of that era where they'd make up
             | "rules of the universe" that were just them saying
             | something vaguely cynical.
        
       | csours wrote:
       | One of the fundamental problems with organizations, no matter
       | what economic system you live under[0], is that _you cannot give
       | your boss a problem_ that they don 't want to deal with. So if
       | your job is to find problems, and your boss does not want to deal
       | with problems, then your job will suuuuuuuuuuuuck.
       | 
       | 0. I acknowledge that capitalism has caused a lot of problems,
       | including Boeing problems.
        
       | jongjong wrote:
       | It makes me so angry reading this about managers criticizing
       | employees for being 'too knowledgeable'.
       | 
       | There are so many narratives nowadays which claim that
       | performance is at odds with talent. People are embracing
       | mediocrity and patting each other on the back for it... The
       | idiots who got lucky, since they cannot pretend to be
       | knowledgeable, reframe the narrative to portray themselves as
       | geniuses who understood the value of idiocy and revel in their
       | mediocrity.
        
       | stcredzero wrote:
       | _Boeing had quietly assumed many of the roles traditionally
       | played by its primary regulator, an arrangement that was
       | ethically absurd._
       | 
       | This is simply "vertical integration" applied to "regulatory
       | capture."
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | > noncompliance (and nonconformance, which is similar but not
       | identical)
       | 
       | Anyone who can explain the difference?
        
       | matthewfcarlson wrote:
       | My paternal grandfather worked for Boeing as an airfoil modeling
       | engineer (figuring out the right shape for wings and creating
       | computer models) from 1960s-2000s. As a nerdy kid he had some of
       | most entertaining engineering stories. One of my favorites was
       | when a coworker brought a boomerang to work and due to some
       | union/budget shenanigans at the time, all the engineers were at
       | work with nothing to do. So they designed and machined a 3 foot
       | boomerang out of clear acrylic. They went out to the field and
       | gave their heavy new toy a good throw, only to have it promptly
       | vanish out of sight on a sunny day. After a moment to process
       | what just happened, they all hit the dirt as they heard it whoosh
       | overhead.
        
       | jongjong wrote:
       | I was reading the part about making employees sign a declaration
       | about taking responsibility for their work and thought that was
       | pure genius. Sounds like managers should also sign something like
       | that.
        
       | wolverine876 wrote:
       | There are real problems at Boeing and those are real issues, but
       | let's beware of the BS that comes with the kind of widespread
       | pile-on that's happening now.
       | 
       | This article reads like an Internet rant to me, with the sarcasm,
       | hyperbole, and ridicule. Those things aren't awful in themselves
       | (though they've become very overused and tiresome to me), but
       | they crowd out actual facts, details, nuance, complexities. If
       | you write 'it's the worst thing _ever_ ', you omit where and how
       | it's bad, where it's not, the consequences, the trade-offs, etc.
       | I don't learn what happened, how, or why, just that you are
       | really, really, _really_ pissed off.
       | 
       | Examples:
       | 
       | * _pieces are flying off the Boeing planes actually in use at an
       | alarming rate_
       | 
       | * _to train the workforce to properly put together a plane._
       | 
       | * _obligatory vanity "leadership" book_ - note the ridicule and
       | scare quotes.
       | 
       | * _suppliers, many of which_ lacked engineering departments* --
       | now using fonts for emphasis
       | 
       | * _in a perpetual state of unlearning all the lessons it had
       | absorbed over a 90-year ascent to the pinnacle of global
       | manufacturing_
       | 
       | * _Qatar Airways had become so disgusted ..._ , coincidentally
       | matching the author's emotion
       | 
       | * _one of the most pathetic plea bargains in the history of
       | American justice_
       | 
       | It's like series of Reddit comments, and the world certainly
       | doesn't need more of that. The author's and American Prospect's
       | quality is no better than Boeing's.
        
       | skeptrune wrote:
       | Tremendously detailed for how short it is. I struggle to
       | understand how outsourcing the engineer was sold as good for
       | shareholders. Anyone watching someone write a longer book on this
       | publicly?
        
         | mnau wrote:
         | It's not about being good for shareholders. They are far away
         | and generally know nothing about what is good or bad decision
         | in long run. We have replaced human QC with computers in many
         | industries. C-suite cares about company profit, middle
         | management cares about KPI.
         | 
         | It's about maximizing individual management KPI despite being
         | wrong for a company as a whole. Problems are for other
         | guys/gals down the line.
        
       | SilasX wrote:
       | The Onion was joking about this eventuality in 2010:
       | 
       | https://www.theonion.com/boeing-lays-off-only-guy-who-knows-...
        
       | rdtsc wrote:
       | > The day after Broken Dreams premiered, Swampy got an email
       | informing him that he'd been put on a 60-day corrective action
       | plan four weeks earlier. His alleged offense constituted using
       | email to communicate about process violations
       | 
       | That is pretty shady. They didn't want to discuss violations in
       | emails so it doesn't end up in a court case or found by the FAA
       | during an investigation.
       | 
       | > the longtime former Boeing executive told me, "I don't think
       | one can be cynical enough when it comes to these guys." Did that
       | mean he thought Boeing assassinated Swampy? "It's a top-secret
       | military contractor, remember; there are spies everywhere," he
       | replied.
       | 
       | I am kind of surprised various executives don't order hits on
       | each other more often. Or maybe they do but the assassinations
       | are too subtle and they look like heart attacks and accidents?
       | With billions on the line, what's a few millions in crypto found
       | in a usb stick somewhere in the bushes for a "job well done".
       | There is also the idea that sometimes it should look more an
       | assassination to send a clear message to others: "you don't want
       | to fall on the knife backwards, three times in as row, like so
       | and so, now do you?"
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | >Boeing had come under the spell of a seductive new theory of
       | "knowledge" that essentially reduced the whole concept to a
       | combination of intellectual property, trade secrets, and data,
       | discarding "thought" and "understanding" and "complex reasoning"
       | possessed by a skilled and experienced workforce as essentially
       | not worth the increased health care costs.
       | 
       | So they devalued Wisdom, and Elders... and things fell apart.
       | This seems to be a pattern repeated all over the modern world.
        
       | rybosworld wrote:
       | U.S. companies have a management problem. I specifically mean
       | that the terminal career path for most professions is
       | "management". Depending where you work, management can mean:
       | 
       | - giving orders
       | 
       | - delegating work (usually this is work the manager specifically
       | doesn't want to do themselves)
       | 
       | - clearing blockers in front of your employees
       | 
       | That the third one is the rarest is a problem.
       | 
       | American corporate culture has devolved into: get promoted into
       | management and coast.
       | 
       | There are obviously exceptions. But a lot of people will agree
       | they've had their fair share of terrible managers. I dare say
       | that's the norm.
       | 
       | Boeing is just the most current example of what happens when a
       | company fetishizes management. That is, there comes a time when
       | the leeches have sucked the body dry.
        
       | collinmcnulty wrote:
       | Larry Culp may not be an engineer, but if you want someone who
       | can take a storied American manufacturer that got infected with
       | MBA bs and brought it back to its roots ... I mean he's the only
       | one whose done it, right?
        
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