[HN Gopher] Barcelona's Sagrada Familia will be completed in 2026
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       Barcelona's Sagrada Familia will be completed in 2026
        
       Author : mooreds
       Score  : 414 points
       Date   : 2024-03-25 13:06 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnn.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnn.com)
        
       | anon291 wrote:
       | The article mistakenly refers to Sagrada Familia as the cathedral
       | of Barcelona. It's not. It's a minor basilica, not a cathedral.
        
         | diggan wrote:
         | The actual cathedral of Barcelona is "The Cathedral of the Holy
         | Cross and Saint Eulalia", which yeah, is not Sagrada Familia -
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcelona_Cathedral
        
         | amarant wrote:
         | I'm curious what "minor" means exactly in this context?
         | 
         | I've seen the Sagrada familia, and it ain't small!
        
           | Cheer2171 wrote:
           | Organizational hierarchy of the Catholic Church: a building
           | is a cathedral if and only if it is the seat of a bishop, no
           | matter how grand or modest the building is. There can not be
           | more than one cathedral in a diocese.
           | 
           | But colloquially, Sagrada Familia is what most people would
           | consider a cathedral.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | > There can not be more than one cathedral in a diocese.
             | 
             | There can be, though it's not common:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-cathedral
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | Also a basilica can be a cathedral and vice versa. Saint-
             | Denis in Paris is both a basilica and cathedral.
        
               | areyousure wrote:
               | The page https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint-
               | Denis states
               | 
               | > Although known as the "Basilica of St Denis", the
               | cathedral has not been granted the title of Minor
               | Basilica by the Vatican.
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | Does it matter when it has been called like that for more
               | than 12 centuries?
        
               | pas wrote:
               | Well there's a lot of people with the family name King,
               | but you know, they still have to play (and win!) the
               | fancy hat game to be actually granted royal rights.
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | In that case it is different because it is/was a building
               | used by the french church. Not some random one named like
               | this by someone with no relation to the church.
        
           | epolanski wrote:
           | A cathedral is the official seat of the local the bishop and
           | the Sagrada Familia isn't one.
           | 
           | A basilica on the other hand is an honorific title granted to
           | some churches by the pope for historical/religious reasons.
           | 
           | An interesting note: Saint Peter in Rome, the most famous
           | church in the christian world is not a cathedral itself as it
           | is not where the pope has its seat, that's actually another
           | basilica in Rome, Saint John Lateran, which makes it the most
           | important church in the catholic hierarchy with the title of
           | "Omnium Urbis et Orbis Ecclesiarum Mater et Caput", or
           | "Mother and leader of all the churches in the world".
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | The other interesting thing about that is the cathedral
             | seat of the Pope is outside the Vatican City - so it is in
             | his religious territory as Bishop of Rome but not in his
             | secular state.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | It's also why St Peters is not the cathedral of Rome.
               | It's not in Rome.
        
               | pmontra wrote:
               | It's been not in Rome only since Vatican City came into
               | existence in 1929. It's been in Rome every single year
               | before then.
               | 
               | Saint John Lateran is also not in Italy [1] due to an
               | extraterritoriality treaty in 1929, part of the same
               | treaty that established Vatican City. By the way, that
               | church is exactly 1700 years old this year.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_J
               | ohn_Lat...
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | I should have said it's why it can't become the cathedral
               | of rome.
        
               | epolanski wrote:
               | I don't know whether this is correct, as the Vatican
               | itself falls into the Rome diocese and has no separate
               | one.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome
        
               | epolanski wrote:
               | I don't think this is correct, the territory belongs to
               | the vatican state as many other buildings around Rome
               | they are not formally located in Italy.
        
               | mminer237 wrote:
               | It belongs to the Holy See, but it's outside of Vatican
               | City. It's kind of like how Guernsey is owned by the
               | British Crown, but it's not part of Britain.
        
               | epolanski wrote:
               | I'm not 100% of all legalese technicalities but I know
               | for a fact vatican law applies there and it's managed and
               | guarded by vatican's gendarmerie (my ex went to the
               | university behind the basilica which is also part of the
               | Holy See).
        
               | ianburrell wrote:
               | They are like foreign embassies, part of Italy but under
               | ownership of Holy See. The Holy See is different than
               | Vatican City. The Vatican City is independent country
               | governed by the Holy See, the head of the Catholic
               | Church.
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | The Dedication of the Basilica of St John Lateran is one of
             | the observances in the Catholic liturgical calendar with
             | its own special mass readings that supplant the normally
             | scheduled readings for the day (most of the liturgical
             | calendar consists of dates relative to the start of Advent
             | which happens on the fourth Sunday before Christmas). If I
             | remember correctly, this is one of the feasts considered
             | important enough to supplant the normal Sunday readings if
             | it happens on a Sunday. (Also, worth noting that it's one
             | of the feasts celebrated in both the Latin and Eastern
             | churches.)
        
           | diggan wrote:
           | Religions like to "rank" things so it's clear who's on top
           | and who's on the bottom. In terms of churches, same thing
           | applies: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilicas_in_the_Catho
           | lic_Chur...
           | 
           | In short, the "major" is reserved for four top churches in
           | Rome. "Minor" is used to signal that the church is of
           | significant importance, but not as important as the major
           | ones. It's not related to the size at all :)
        
           | eadmund wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilicas_in_the_Catholic_Chur.
           | .. indicates that there are four major basilicas and almost
           | 2,000 minor ones.
           | 
           | Seems like the four major basilicas have historical (maybe
           | even pre-Schism?) associations, while the minor ones are
           | designated by the pope.
        
         | eadmund wrote:
         | > The article mistakenly refers to Sagrada Familia as the
         | cathedral of Barcelona. It's not. It's a minor basilica, not a
         | cathedral.
         | 
         | There may not be enough institutional knowledge at CNN about
         | Catholicism that the editors would know that there is a
         | difference between a basilica and a cathedral.
         | 
         | This is the sort of thing that the folks at GetReligion.com
         | were trying to address: not advocating any particular religion,
         | but helping newsrooms 'get' religion, in the senses of
         | understanding it and of not getting things wrong. The example
         | at https://www.getreligion.org/getreligion/2023/12/29/why-we-
         | di... is a really good one: the New York Times in 2014
         | published 'the vast Church of the Holy Sepulcher marking the
         | site where many Christians believe that Jesus is buried.' There
         | was no-one on the editorial team that handled that article who
         | knew enough about Christianity to know that Christians don't
         | believe Jesus is buried anywhere.
        
           | pradn wrote:
           | There is this odd split in American society that makes this
           | possible. You can go through your entire life, end up a
           | professional journalist at the Times and not actually have
           | asked someone about their sincerely held faith and practice.
           | Kids rarely talked about religion in HS, outside of like the
           | Interfaith club. (I ran my high school's and we had an annual
           | panel of a rep from each major religion. I was was quite
           | popular.)
           | 
           | Colleges, especially large ones, do have tons of students of
           | different faiths, but I felt contacts were still minimal. My
           | randomly-assigned freshman year room-mate was a devout
           | Christian and would sing in worship - super wonderful guy.
           | But after that, not much. It's so easy to just hang out with
           | people similar to you - at all stages of life.
           | 
           | Even when you meet someone of a certain faith, you're likely
           | to experience that interaction through holiday, festival,
           | food, dress and so on - think asking a Muslim about Ramadan
           | or being invited to a Hanukah party - but you're not likely
           | to ask doctrinal or theological questions.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | Well, the other thing is that many, perhaps most, religious
             | people don't know very much about their religion. Very few
             | Catholics would know the difference between a cathedral and
             | a minor basilica, say (which is what started this thread
             | off in the first place). Actually, I'd argue that this
             | isn't a religious question, anyway; it's administrivia.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Is that true? I wouldn't know what a minor basilica is
               | per se but I definitely know what a cathedral is. I'm
               | orthodox but I think nearly all lay orthodox christians
               | can name their own bishop and the cathedral of his seat,
               | the definition of cathedral being kind of implicit in
               | that administrative awareness. Maybe it's different for
               | catholics? I'll ask some, I am curious now.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | I don't think most Catholics would know what a minor
               | basilica was, and I'd expect most to misidentify the
               | Sagrada Familia as a cathedral.
               | 
               | And that's before you even get into pro-cathedrals and
               | things...
               | 
               | 70% of Ireland is nominally Catholic, and look at the
               | confusion over this, say: https://www.irishtimes.com/irel
               | and/dublin/2023/06/22/dublin-...
               | 
               | Like, the church had to come out and clarify that Dublin
               | didn't have a cathedral.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Yeah I'm ready to concede this, mostly based on a poll I
               | just saw showing half of canadian catholics not knowing
               | what transubstantiation is.
               | 
               | But still I think these are bad examples. If asked before
               | this thread I would have said sagrada familia is a
               | cathedral. But that's out of ignorance about that
               | building, not about what a cathedral is. The dublin
               | confusion looks similar to me: those people may know well
               | what a cathedral is and just thought the pro-cathedral
               | was one.
        
               | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
               | What on earth is going on in that picture of St Andrew's
               | Church?
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | Luxury mass.
               | 
               | Nah, some event, I assume. It's a big church in the city
               | centre, and I'd assume it has virtually no parishioners
               | these days, so wouldn't surprise me if they use it for
               | other stuff.
        
               | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
               | The Orthodox Church wasn't nearly as affected by
               | modernism as Catholicism was.
               | 
               | You can see it directly in church architecture. Compare
               | Catholic Church interiors from the early 20th century and
               | ones now. Now do the same comparison for Orthodox ones.
               | It's clear that the former desperately don't want to be
               | Catholic anymore.
        
               | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
               | This is correct. Catholics pretty much gave up on talking
               | about the faith to anyone, whether to the general public
               | or even their own children during the 1960s.
               | 
               | And it's not only administrivia, for example only half of
               | US Catholics have heard about transubstantiation and only
               | a third believe in it. [1]
               | 
               | 1. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-
               | reads/2019/08/05/transubst...
        
               | philsnow wrote:
               | > only half of US Catholics have heard about
               | transubstantiation and only a third believe in it.
               | 
               | The USCCB is trying to work on this, we're almost 2 years
               | into a 3-year Eucharistic "revival" (that word has weird
               | connotations for me, but it's the word they used),
               | https://www.eucharisticrevival.org/
        
               | panopticon wrote:
               | > _only half of US Catholics have heard about
               | transubstantiation and only a third believe in it_
               | 
               | That's a startling figure, but I've been out of the
               | church for a while. I recall that being taught during
               | first communion and confirmation.
        
               | pradn wrote:
               | That's true for nearly all folks who would tell you
               | they're part of a certain faith. As in any time, only a
               | few minority ever seem to want to contemplate creation,
               | the nature of god, the particular logics behind faith,
               | etc etc. That's not all bad - people come in a million
               | types.
               | 
               | For most, faith and culture are intertwined as they go
               | about their day. You fast because of course you do, not
               | because you know the thousand-year history of that
               | practice and the relevant scriptural phrases.
        
             | trompetenaccoun wrote:
             | I have the opposite impression. Among Westerners Americans
             | seem like the group where Christianity still plays the
             | largest role in the average person's life. They talk about
             | it a lot, to the point that I find it annoying. It's not
             | just people who believe in it, the atheists and secular
             | ones among them constantly complain about how bad religion
             | is and how much they hate it. That's something you simply
             | don't see in Western Europe, it's a topic that doesn't
             | really come up much because most younger people don't care.
             | They never go to church, they aren't involved with
             | religious folks, they simply don't think about it at much.
             | 
             | The only other country I can think of that comes close
             | would be Poland, if that counts as Western.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | You misunderstand how Americans talk about religion. A
               | lot of us are religious and we talk about it - but we are
               | careful to stay in generic terms because historically -
               | back in the old country (Europe) we would be encouraged
               | to shoot/kill someone of a different religion. America
               | tended to put a lot of different religions together and
               | so very religious people had to figure out how to get
               | along with someone strong in a different religion to get
               | things like a mayor elected.
               | 
               | Of course today few in Europe would go to war over
               | religious differences. The world has changed (for the
               | better unless by odd chance you happen to be the same
               | religion as me - note I do not state which religion that
               | is - this omission makes this a statement you can agree
               | with whereas if I stated the religion you would disagree)
        
               | pradn wrote:
               | Yes, America is one of the most Christian of the major
               | Western countries. However, the geography of faith is
               | quite varied. We run around in cars, jetting to exactly
               | the institutions we want to patronize. So it's possible
               | to easily stay only in your own community.
        
             | bigbillheck wrote:
             | I spent most of the first 30 years of my life surrounded by
             | and friends with one flavor of deeply religious Christian
             | or another (if my high school had had an 'interfaith' club,
             | the faiths would have been 'Baptist' or 'Dutch Reform'),
             | including Catholics. I say that to point out that the only
             | reason I know there's something special about 'cathedrals'
             | as opposed to other churches is because I read a bit of
             | trivia once about what counts as an English city.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > I say that to point out that the only reason I know
               | there's something special about 'cathedrals' as opposed
               | to other churches is because I read a bit of trivia once
               | about what counts as an English city.
               | 
               | If that trivia was that a cathedral is required to make a
               | city, or that the presence of a cathedral makes a place a
               | city, then that is _wrong_, though commonly believed. It
               | was the case during the 16th century, kind of (Henry VIII
               | did it) but it became far messier after that; by the 19th
               | century non-cities with cathedrals and cities without
               | cathedrals both existed.
        
               | bigbillheck wrote:
               | Yeah, I should have specified that I was making no claims
               | as to the modern accuracy of the trivia.
        
             | rhplus wrote:
             | _There is this_ constitutional right _in American society
             | that makes this possible._
             | 
             | Change two words in your opening sentence and the rest
             | reads like the system is working as intended!
        
               | pradn wrote:
               | The legal regime just prevents the state from going too
               | far in promoting one faith. But whether you encounter
               | someone with a different belief system depends on
               | geography, modes of transport, openness to other beliefs,
               | etc. There's a lot more to it! I'm thinking of it as a
               | stochastic process.
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | > There may not be enough institutional knowledge at CNN
           | about Catholicism that the editors would know that there is a
           | difference between a basilica and a cathedral.
           | 
           | I find it shocking that writers there have heard different
           | words for "big impressive Catholic church" but lack the
           | intellectual curiosity to learn the difference. Words are
           | what they deal in all day.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | People who are interested in quality writing probably don't
             | end up at CNN? (Or don't spend much time there.)
        
           | pteraspidomorph wrote:
           | This is just bad journalism. The subject doesn't matter;
           | you'd expect news reporters to put some effort into fact
           | checking and generally telling the truth.
        
           | hannasanarion wrote:
           | I sincerely doubt that the New York Times as an institution
           | is unaware of the fact that resurrection is a core tenet of
           | Christianity. The BrietBlart-class right wing news media
           | loves to make a big deal out of a hardly noticeable editorial
           | mistake like the incorrect tense in an unimportant double-
           | appositive clause.
           | 
           | Getting the difference between a Cathedral and a Basilica
           | wrong is also not an example of "news media being anti-
           | religion" because most religious people, including probably
           | most American catholics, hardly know the difference since
           | it's a piece of nomenclature that only matters if for some
           | reason you've been charged with buying the right ceremonial
           | hat for the guy in the back office.
           | 
           | Obviously they should correct it, because it's journalism's
           | job to educate people, but I would stay far away from
           | claiming it's any kind of institutional hostility to religion
           | to make a typographical error or repeat a common
           | misconception. Newspapers make these kinds of minor errors
           | about all topics all the time:
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/30/reader-
           | center/corrections...
        
           | bigbillheck wrote:
           | That's one possibility, another one might be that it's easy
           | to write "is buried" when you meant "was buried" and can be
           | hard to catch the error.
        
             | vidarh wrote:
             | Well, it's also the case that plenty of Christians don't
             | believe in the resurrection. E.g from the UK:
             | 
             | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/10/quarter-
             | christia...
        
               | FrontierProject wrote:
               | This was one of the foundational points of Gnosticism in
               | early Christianity. It's worth noting that this position
               | is considered heresy by most of the major established
               | branches of Christian tradition.
        
         | mizzao wrote:
         | They should switch it over to this one, because it looks far
         | more awesome than the current one.
        
         | Cheer2171 wrote:
         | I literally couldn't care less, but I'll wade into the depths
         | of pedantry with you. It did not refer to the "cathedral of
         | Barcelona", it just called it "the cathedral". Cathedral has an
         | official meaning in Catholicism, but the colloquial use of
         | cathedral in the US means "large fancy church building" and not
         | "Capitol of a Catholic jurisdiction".
         | 
         | Pitt didn't call their big building the Cathedral of Learning
         | because their equivalent of a bishop in their organizational
         | hierarchy sits there.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | why not a major basilica. it s pretty big
        
           | pas wrote:
           | it's a technical term in Catholicism, it's a rank
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilicas_in_the_Catholic_Chur.
           | ..
        
       | weatherlight wrote:
       | I live here in Barcelona, it's a sight to behold :) It's minor
       | basilica, not a cathedral though,
        
       | jihadjihad wrote:
       | It's amazing if you haven't gone, especially when sunlight
       | streams in through the windows.
       | 
       | I saw a quote while I was there that was something along the
       | lines of, "Gaudi is not an artist with whom posthumous
       | collaboration is possible." A couple minutes walking around the
       | church is all that's needed to confirm that notion.
        
         | diggan wrote:
         | > I saw a quote while I was there that was something along the
         | lines of, "Gaudi is not an artist with whom posthumous
         | collaboration is possible." A couple minutes walking around the
         | church is all that's needed to confirm that notion.
         | 
         | Maybe I misunderstand "posthumous collaboration", but the
         | church is literally being built after Gaudi's demise by a bunch
         | of other people, isn't that posthumous collaboration?
        
           | overview wrote:
           | It's referring to the collaboration on the design itself.
        
             | diggan wrote:
             | Even that isn't true. Lots of original models/drawings have
             | been lost, new designers interpret or reconstruct what they
             | think Gaudi wanted to do, based on incomplete plans or
             | where decisions weren't fully made.
             | 
             | Not to mention new materials are available today that are
             | being used and new processes/workflows which change the
             | results slightly too.
             | 
             | Sagrada Familia isn't a 100% implementation of the original
             | vision, as even the original vision was incomplete when
             | Gaudi died.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | Ok, maybe he didn't specify how all the statues, doors,
               | windows and other embellishments should look like, but
               | the basic structure and shape (the three portals and the
               | 18 spires which also determine how the support columns in
               | the interior of the church are placed) is the same as in
               | Gaudi's original plans.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | The original statement still makes sense, though, if you
               | correctly interpret it as critique and warning.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | Sometimes people say things indirectly.
               | 
               | In this case what they are saying is that Gaudi's design
               | sense is so unique and iconoclastic that it's essentially
               | impossible to mix it with other styles of design.
        
               | lucianbr wrote:
               | Buzzword bingo isn't restricted to software. The
               | statement just says "Gaudi was a great architect". But it
               | sounds more impressive to talk about "posthumous
               | collaboration", especially if you don't analyze it.
        
               | epolanski wrote:
               | > Sagrada Familia isn't a 100% implementation of the
               | original vision
               | 
               | That's what makes it more interesting and fascinating.
        
           | mgkimsal wrote:
           | Maybe not on the design and original plans? IIRC they're
           | trying to do everything according to original designs, which
           | would not be 'collaboration', just... implementation. It's
           | been over 30 years since I was there though - some friends
           | who went more recently said a lot more has been done since
           | then. Might be fun to go back and look for the differences,
           | but I do not remember much detail, just a sense of 'big'.
        
             | gorbypark wrote:
             | If I am not mistaken, the original designs were destroyed
             | during the Spanish Civil War.
        
               | whereismyacc wrote:
               | Yeah iirc his studio burned down at the hands of
               | anarchist vandalists.
               | 
               | Building some great indulgent monument to god wasn't
               | exactly uncontroversial in the political climate at the
               | time, as I understand it.
               | 
               | Anyway, his plans wouldn't have been detailed enough to
               | just go and build it. There was a lot of interpretation
               | to be done in any case.
        
               | epolanski wrote:
               | I think all of this makes it a more fascinating building.
        
           | wzdd wrote:
           | It's just a nice way of saying it's difficult work because
           | Gaudi was a genius and they can't hope to equal him. It
           | doesn't mean they won't try their best.
        
           | azulster wrote:
           | i understood it to mean that the architectural vision of
           | Gaudi was so original and singular that and future work could
           | only be completion of an original design, an imitation of the
           | already completed work, or an obviously seperated style (like
           | inserting a jazz solo in mozart)
           | 
           | in contrast other architects worked within a well defined
           | style with rules and systems that can be worked within by
           | modern architects to "posthumously" collaborate. like how you
           | can use the principles of gothic architecture to add a modern
           | addition to a gothic cathedral. the only principle Gaudi
           | followed was natural inspiration and his own interpretation
           | of that, something nobody could ever define
        
         | cmpalmer52 wrote:
         | I'm not particularly religious and not Catholic, but the
         | Sagrada Familia brought me to tears. The interior is one of the
         | most beautiful man-made spaces I've ever seen.
        
           | gigatexal wrote:
           | Same. Just from sheer beauty of the place got me
        
           | brandall10 wrote:
           | Agreed, went last summer and have told at least a dozen
           | people how it's the most impressive interior I've been inside
           | in my 48 years.
           | 
           | Stayed for 3 hours just to observe the shifting light. I'll
           | be in Barcelona again on Thurs, can't wait to go back.
        
             | dannyphantom wrote:
             | I hope you have a great trip! If you find yourself with a
             | window of free time, there is a bakery called Pastisseria
             | Hofmann that makes a sweet cream filled croissant that is
             | dangerously good. We got one in ~2018 and have wanted
             | another one _since_ haha
        
               | thekid314 wrote:
               | I have the same problem, but with a bakery in St. Louis
               | Senegal. That darn brown butter filled pastry is still in
               | my dreams.
        
             | eps wrote:
             | If you haven't been to Park Guell, it's also worthy a
             | visit.
        
           | silent_cal wrote:
           | This makes me happy as a Catholic.
        
           | arcade79 wrote:
           | Atheist here; I _love_ visiting buildings like that. Sagrada
           | Familia is truly beautiful. I like it _way_ better than
           | St.Peters in Rome.
        
           | throw0101b wrote:
           | "How Beauty Draws Us to God":
           | 
           | * https://www.catholic.com/magazine/print-edition/how-
           | beauty-d...
           | 
           | See also perhaps longer presentation (50m) from Bp. Robert
           | Barron, "Beauty in the Catholic Tradition":
           | 
           | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbfWTlPt8mU
           | 
           | The debate of religion and (forms of) art has an interesting
           | history:
           | 
           | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iconoclasm
        
           | diego898 wrote:
           | I had this exact same experience - it was (and is) hard to
           | explain to other non-religious people who haven't seen it.
           | I'm not even particularly prone to being moved to tears by
           | beauty... one of the few times in my life this happened to
           | me.
        
           | tummler wrote:
           | Same; the most spiritual experience I've had in a man-made
           | structure. Had chills the entire time.
        
           | leononame wrote:
           | Same for me. It took me completely by surprise, but as soon
           | as I stepped inside, I started to cry. I don't like it that
           | much from the outside (though I don't mind it either and
           | appreciate it's unique style in contrast to a lot of people
           | that seem to hate it) but on the inside, it really is
           | amazing. I'd visit Barcelona just for the Sagrada Familia
        
           | bloomingeek wrote:
           | My wife teared up and I was stunned. We arrived in the
           | morning and the light was pushing the color out of the stain
           | glassed windows! My neck was sore for a few days after
           | looking up at the ceiling so much.
           | 
           | Waiting in line outside was even fun, just looking at all the
           | detail.
        
         | hylaride wrote:
         | I saw it 20 years ago and it was impressive, but it's hard to
         | take in fully with the crowds.
        
           | brabel wrote:
           | I was there around 20 years ago as well, and I remember it
           | was mostly empty, which added to the feeling of grandeur. But
           | I was there in winter, of course.
        
         | lqet wrote:
         | > It's amazing if you haven't gone, especially when sunlight
         | streams in through the windows.
         | 
         | I have been to Barcelona 4 times since I was a kid (1998, 2006,
         | 2009, 2014), and every time the Sagrada Familia looked a little
         | more finished, but still far from being completed. It blows my
         | mind that it will finally be completed in 2 years.
        
         | gigatexal wrote:
         | Same. It was such an amazing experience. We really want to go
         | back. Just to sit there in awe of all of it.
        
         | changoplatanero wrote:
         | Gaudi dedicated his life to making a monument to Jesus and
         | after he died it's become a famous monument to Gaudi
        
         | dugmartin wrote:
         | I've tried to explain to people what that sunlight through the
         | upper stained windows does to the light in that huge room but
         | failed. It is like the light around you is alive. I think I
         | stood there for five minutes silently just taking it in.
        
       | martibravo wrote:
       | It won't. Gaudi's plan was to build a big staircase in front of
       | it creating a new public square next to the temple, replacing
       | some apartment buildings currently being used. Gaudi's project
       | won't be finished until then.
       | 
       | There's some pushback from the neighbors because finishing it all
       | means bulldozing hundreds of apartments, although those
       | apartments were bought at a discounted price decades ago because
       | everyone knew they had an expiration date. And now that it's
       | here, they want to keep their apartments even though they were
       | told about the Sagrada Familia from the start.
       | 
       | PS: Gaudi's name is Antoni, in Catalan. Not Antonio. He was a
       | proud Catalan, he was arrested for talking in Catalan.
        
         | simonbarker87 wrote:
         | > There's some pushback
         | 
         | Quite understandable as well. The thing is big enough as it is.
         | Bought at a discount or not, bulldozing that many homes in an
         | overpopulated city that already struggles for space due to its
         | geography is a little ludicrous.
        
           | wouldbecouldbe wrote:
           | Modern Architecture is ludicrous.
           | 
           | We build and build depressing neighborhoods in cities for us
           | to all flee to historical centres to experience beauty for a
           | minute. I mean if you are in the US you are lost anyway, but
           | the Europe has some beautiful cities (Amsterdam, Venice,
           | Palma, Rome, Vienna the list continues), but none of them are
           | modern.
           | 
           | The citizens should be helped to find replacement, but please
           | let's put some beauty back in our cities and give prominence
           | to Gaudi's architecture (although maybe it's not the
           | prettiest it's at least fun)
        
             | helpmefindpurp wrote:
             | > I mean if you are in the US you are lost anyway, but the
             | Europe has some beautiful cities, but none of them are
             | modern.
             | 
             | stop treating us like some kind of zoo animals. The reason
             | why the old tenaments were demolished is because their
             | living conditions brought fire, disease, and discomfort
             | with them.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | > and give prominence to Gaudi's architecture
             | 
             | I mean... It's right there, you can't miss it. It's not
             | like it's currently particularly well-hidden.
        
             | EdiX wrote:
             | Ironically the Sagrada Familia is an example of modern
             | architecture.
        
               | martibravo wrote:
               | Yes, Catalan modernism is relatively modern. For me it's
               | one of the most beautiful 20th century architecture
               | styles.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | It was modern at the time, same as Art Nouveau and Art
               | Deco, but then those were (unfortunately) pushed aside by
               | Bauhaus, Le Corbusier and post-WW2 concrete brutalist
               | architecture.
        
               | javier123454321 wrote:
               | I mean, it lacks most of the defining characteristics of
               | modern architecture. It is highly ornate, for one. I
               | would not put it in the category of modern, aside from
               | describing the time period which it came to be. Art
               | noveau seems more appropriate a description.
        
               | wouldbecouldbe wrote:
               | Yeah modern in the historic classification of the term,
               | not in the way of speaking. Most people normally consider
               | modern housing last decades. Lots of building up untill
               | the second world ware are gorgous, but not considered
               | modern by most people.
               | 
               | For instance Berlage in Amsterdam is modern in your
               | classifcation. And his buildings grace Amsterdam, but
               | most people would consider them "older", he was living
               | around the same time of Gaudi.
               | 
               | https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_Petrus_Berlage
        
           | martibravo wrote:
           | As someone from Barcelona, I really wanna see it finished
           | completely. Those apartments had an expiration date the
           | moment they were built in the 60s. Everyone who bought them
           | at a discount knew that they were going to be torn down when
           | the temple itself was finished.
           | 
           | I feel it's like those people that buy a house near an
           | airport, they pay pennies for it, and then start lobbying the
           | government for a change in air traffic routes.
        
             | unglaublich wrote:
             | Exactly. Nimbyism at its finest: all gains are mine; all
             | losses should be covered.
             | 
             | It's bizarre that at the same time, real estate investors
             | think all value increases are rightfully theirs, but they
             | should be protected from any decrease in value.
             | 
             | You can hardly call it 'investing' if you're protected from
             | the downsides.
        
               | bjackman wrote:
               | I don't oppose destruction of housing because of people
               | losing their investment - expropriate it for all I care.
               | But reducing the housing supply is bad for everyone.
               | That's the important problem with nimbyism: it's not that
               | it demands unfair advantages for homeowners as investors,
               | it's that it prevents development that is needed for a
               | better world.
               | 
               | There's definitely an argument to be made that globally
               | iconic feats of architecture have intrinsic value that's
               | more important than a bit of housing. But you do need to
               | account for the social impact of aggravating housing
               | scarcity to make that argument.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | We need to build more housing, but that doesn't mean we
               | need to keep existing housing. Most old buildings should
               | be replaced - they were not built with modern codes in
               | mind and so are expensive to heat, dangerous in fire,
               | have not accessible bathrooms, or other such things wrong
               | that are difficult to correct.
        
               | ossobuco wrote:
               | > Nimbyism at its finest: all gains are mine; all losses
               | should be covered
               | 
               | Nimbyims? This is corporate capitalism at its finest.
               | Private profits, socialized and externalized losses.
        
             | seanalltogether wrote:
             | Yeah, the Glory facade needs an approach. It can't simply
             | dump out onto the street.
        
           | xyzelement wrote:
           | If this logic holds, then we should be open to bulldoze the
           | Sagrada Familia itself to make more apartments.
        
             | martibravo wrote:
             | Sagrat Habitatge (Holy Accommodation in Catalan)
        
           | diggan wrote:
           | > bulldozing that many homes in an overpopulated city
           | 
           | As far as I understand, only one building (many flats though)
           | would have to be removed in order to fit the staircase.
           | 
           | Problem is that there isn't a lot of space available to put
           | the people whose home you just removed, so seems unlikely to
           | happen unless our local government suddenly solves some
           | really hard problems.
        
         | cprecioso wrote:
         | and i would say probably those apartments aren't even hosting
         | locals currently, just digital nomads in overpriced airbnbs
        
           | martibravo wrote:
           | Yes.
        
           | diggan wrote:
           | I mean, most of them are hosting "locals" as in residents who
           | live in Barcelona. I just took a look now and there are at
           | least 90 apartments available on Idealista for rent in just
           | the ~3 surrounding blocks around Sagrada Familia.
           | 
           | So while in general the whole "touristic flat rentals" stuff
           | is clearly hurting the city, maybe over-dramatizing the
           | impact isn't super useful. Overall the situation sucks
           | though, as prices seems to still go up :/
        
             | martibravo wrote:
             | That's a whole other thread. The new Rent Control law has
             | hurt (a lot) long-term rental for locals and long-term
             | residents. All offers on Idealista and other portals are
             | for contracts of up to 12 months, short term rentals under
             | Spanish Law. Those are not rent-controlled contracts.
             | 
             | In my part of Eixample there aren't any long term units
             | available.
        
               | diggan wrote:
               | Ignore what it says in the listings, even if they say
               | "maximum 11 months contract", once you speak with them
               | and indicate you know the situation and regulations,
               | they'll be open to sign proper contracts, unless the
               | owner is a huge asshole (which, many are, sadly). And
               | yes, this works even in Eixample.
        
         | lqet wrote:
         | > Gaudi's plan
         | 
         | It is incredibly rare for a large cathedral to be completed
         | just like the original architect envisioned it, without any
         | compromises made along the way*. It may even be said that a
         | large cathedral is _never_ finished - all the large cathedrals
         | have a standing team of builders, usually with a tradition
         | going back to the middle ages, and require constant maintenance
         | work.  "Finished" is thus a difficult term for such a building.
         | But if major construction will stop in 2026, with the building
         | no longer having any obvious large missing parts, I am totally
         | fine with calling it "finished", even if the original plans
         | were different. My understanding is that they already deviated
         | from the original plans decades ago.
         | 
         | * I think Cologne cathedral was completed more or less
         | according to the original plan, but only because historism was
         | en vogue and they found the original medieval plans by chance
         | in the 19th century. Strasbourg cathedral is a good example for
         | a cathedral which doesn't look at all like the original
         | architect envisioned it, with a long history of re-planning and
         | some aesthetically botched construction works.
        
           | diggan wrote:
           | > My understanding is that they already deviated from the
           | original plans decades ago.
           | 
           | Yes, a lot of models and plans Gaudi created for Sagrada
           | Familia were incomplete when he died. It didn't help either
           | that his studio(s) were ransacked during the civil war, so
           | even if he had a 100% vision, the war would ensure those
           | plans didn't survive.
        
           | ddalex wrote:
           | > "found" the original medieval plans "by chance"
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | I assume in this case they're defining finished as within the
         | realms of the possible; kind of seems improbable that the
         | staircase thing will ever happen?
        
         | prmoustache wrote:
         | > There's some pushback from the neighbors because finishing it
         | all means bulldozing hundreds of apartments, although those
         | apartments were bought at a discounted price decades ago
         | because everyone knew they had an expiration date. And now that
         | it's here, they want to keep their apartments even though they
         | were told about the Sagrada Familia from the start.
         | 
         | Well, I would say this point becomes moot if they didn't have a
         | permit for it from a start.
         | 
         | Also there are laws that are likely to supersede any expiration
         | date that was set by who knows who in a different era.
        
         | tuwtuwtuwtuw wrote:
         | Gaudi has been dead for 100 years. I don't think he has any
         | vote on whether construction is done or not.
        
         | pimlottc wrote:
         | I read that and saw a lot of other articles about this
         | controversial stairway, but I haven't been able to find any
         | actually plans or renderings about what it would look like,
         | particularly in context to the existing neighborhood. Do you
         | know of any?
        
           | seanalltogether wrote:
           | https://pic.blog.plover.com/art/sagrada-familia-spires/sf-
           | fl...
           | 
           | Everything south of the text 'Gloria' in this picture is
           | apartments right now. The main entrance to the basilica
           | effectively has no approach.
        
         | nashashmi wrote:
         | When I was there, they said the project will finish in 2150.
         | 
         | So they will be working on this for 200 years. The only
         | institution that could survive that long is the catholic
         | church.
        
         | amadeuspagel wrote:
         | That's a funny inversion of the usual NIMBY logic, where some
         | space is set aside to build apartments but then kids start to
         | play on it or whatever, and then there's no way apartments can
         | be built there.
        
       | chrisdroukas wrote:
       | There are a number of material and technology advances [1] that
       | accelerated the pace of the Sagrada Familia's construction -- the
       | techniques used to construct the basilica have evolved
       | significantly since construction began.
       | 
       | https://www.archdaily.com/964178/from-handcrafted-stone-to-3...
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | I should most definitely hope so considering construction
         | started in 1882.
        
       | ThinkBeat wrote:
       | This is excellent.
       | 
       | I will have to travel there to see it in real life once it is
       | done. Construction over such a long span is impressive.
       | 
       | The design looks fragile. I will have to find some better photos.
        
       | simonbarker87 wrote:
       | I feel like the only person in the world who was thoroughly
       | underwhelmed by it and really don't see how its future space
       | requirements for a staircase can be justified.
       | 
       | This isn't me trying to be edgy, I like cathedrals, this one (and
       | his general style) just left me cold. Duomo in Milan was far
       | better imo.
        
         | RajT88 wrote:
         | I wasn't underwhelmed per se (the thing is mind-bogglingly
         | huge).
         | 
         | I just was on one of those "middle aged friend couples go to
         | Europe" trips. Most of my world travel has been solo, and I
         | like to briskly walk around for miles and miles and just see
         | how the city is laid out. "Slowly shambling around cathedrals"
         | was much of the trip, so I was frequently irritated on that
         | trip, particularly so at Sagrada Familia as it must have been
         | the 12th cathedral we shambled around in 3 days.
        
           | simonbarker87 wrote:
           | > I like to briskly walk around for miles and miles and just
           | see how the city is laid out
           | 
           | We would travel well together. My wife and I usually do this.
           | We regularly clock up 20-25km a day of just walking around a
           | city, often for 3 or 4 days in a row. We will happily walk
           | from the centre out the the suburbs. From the far west to the
           | far east of a city. We'll retrace our steps and then take a
           | right that looks vaguely interesting. We only start to use
           | the transit system to get further out or when we are short on
           | time.
        
         | dncornholio wrote:
         | I had the same type of feeling. Sagrada felt more like a zoo /
         | tourist attraction then an actual religious building. The
         | design is impressive but it didn't bring the uumpf that Duomo
         | did.
        
           | tgv wrote:
           | Because it's so crowded, I guess. It's a nice place,
           | especially the exterior and the workshops. The interior feels
           | too bland.
           | 
           | Milan's Dom isn't that impressive to me, but perhaps that's
           | because I've seen more grand, old churches, and the Sagrada
           | Familia felt like something different.
        
           | azulster wrote:
           | ironically i had the same feeling when i visited the vatican,
           | and they were holding mass while i was visiting!
           | 
           | tourist attraction is always gonna feel like a tourist
           | attraction i guess
        
         | mhd wrote:
         | I liked other cathedrals better, too, but I got a lot out of it
         | by contrasting the medieval versions with this. I mean, you got
         | a lot of the same motivations, just with different art styles
         | and materials. Reflecting on that, it made me change the way I
         | view older churches.
         | 
         | Granted, the LOTR of Lothlorien helped, too (I only saw the
         | Sagrada Familia in 2022). To past generations, "Gothic" means
         | something quite different, as we see it in our current context,
         | with darkened fronts and comparisons to buildings that allow
         | even more glass. But back then it was all light and organic.
         | The SF seems to go in the same direction, but unhindered by
         | medieval masonry and mathematics.
         | 
         | Then again, I also like brutalist churches...
        
           | randomcarbloke wrote:
           | I can't help but see la Sagrada familia as "organic
           | brutalism" I think it's quite vulgar despite also liking
           | brutalism.
           | 
           | If it were not for the glass the interior would feel like a
           | sixties community centre.
           | 
           | The exterior, a roughly shaped mound of excrement with some
           | ornate extrusions. :)
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | It is not like there is one medieval/gothic style though.
           | 
           | Compare Chartes in France, Firenze in Toscana or the mosque-
           | cathedral of Cordoba and you have entirely different styles
           | in and out.
           | 
           | I like the Sagrada Familia for its singularity but it indeed
           | looks like it has been created by a child with modeling
           | compound.
        
         | weatherlight wrote:
         | #notacathedral
        
         | jonjacky wrote:
         | George Orwell called it "one of the most hideous buildings in
         | the world." (I don't agree, but I see his point -- it's
         | certainly one of the most eccentric, and it's huge.)
        
         | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
         | I've only seen it in pictures, but I'm not a fan either. Looks
         | completely secular, might as well be a concert hall or
         | something. Maybe that's the point, throw an as wide net as
         | possible to appeal to everyone to try to justify the cost.
        
           | simonklitj wrote:
           | This is an interesting comment to me! How do you define
           | secular-looking? Is it a lack of some particular design
           | element?
        
             | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
             | It simply lacks Catholic design elements. The stained glass
             | is a jumble of nonsense, not even a nice pattern like the
             | Muslims do, and I suppose there is an altar and a crucifix
             | in there somewhere, but they drown in all the visual
             | clutter, like they're ashamed of it.
             | 
             | It's possible, even likely, that the pictures don't do it
             | justice, so I will take a look in person at some point, but
             | I don't have high hopes.
        
               | AlanYx wrote:
               | There's a rhyme and reason to the stained glass that's
               | tied into the other symbolic elements embedded in the
               | architecture. For example, the color scheme shifts as you
               | pan from the nativity side through to the passion side.
               | The lower panels are not totally abstract; there are
               | vague shapes that sort of remind you of figures, flames,
               | etc. but then it tends to pivot towards full geometric
               | abstraction as you raise your head.
               | 
               | Like the Mezquita in Cordoba, it's hard to get a sense of
               | how intensely all the combined elements make an
               | impression just from photographs.
        
               | fvdessen wrote:
               | The whole church is completely covered in innumerable
               | fractals of catholic symbolism and its main tower will be
               | topped by a 29 meters high cross. Maybe you just don't
               | like the style, which is understandable as it is quite
               | divisive.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | Secular? I mean, it's not conventional 19th century cathedral
           | design, certainly, but it has more religious symbolism than
           | you can shake a stick at.
           | 
           | Gaudi himself was deeply religious; this wasn't just the
           | church commissioning a famous architect for the sake of it or
           | anything. It was very much a labour of love for him, AIUI.
        
             | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
             | I can't see it in the interior shots. It's possible that
             | it's all there but drowned out by bad HDR photography, so I
             | will have to take a look for myself.
             | 
             | Also I'm not sure if it's really Gaudi's work, for example
             | how the altar is way forward is an innovation from the
             | 1970s.
        
         | killthebuddha wrote:
         | +1
         | 
         | As another comment suggested, I think it's the crowds and the
         | commercialism. It might as well have been erected inside Disney
         | World. Maybe I'm insensitive, but it takes more than the
         | literal/physical art (the building itself) to move me.
         | 
         | Edit: For example, just walking around the Gothic Quarter at
         | night was a significantly more moving, cathartic, or "timeless"
         | experience for me.
        
         | lucianbr wrote:
         | I didn't know about it before visiting it, and when I was
         | there, I was surprised to realise that they have charged me
         | admission into a construction zone.
         | 
         | Also, it was nice, but I have no clue what the adulation in
         | this thread is about. It's just a huge church with a lot of
         | stone and colored glass.
        
         | throw__away7391 wrote:
         | I do not like this building, I don't care for it aesthetically,
         | but more significantly it's too new to be culturally
         | importantly. Old churches/mosques/temples can have historical
         | significance, but such is completely missing in this case.
         | There's a joke going around that it's the first cathedral
         | constructed as a tourist attraction which is both hilarious and
         | accurate.
         | 
         | Before the modern era constructing expensive religious
         | buildings could perhaps be justified, but after the 1800s
         | people ought to have known better and these can't lay claim to
         | represent the city as earlier projects could. It belongs in the
         | same category as the castle at Disneyland.
        
         | Tactical45 wrote:
         | The true beauty is in the inside.
        
         | IncreasePosts wrote:
         | Same. The crowds and tourist atmosphere certainly don't help,
         | but even disregarding them I wasn't impressed with what I saw.
         | 
         | Same goes for the few other gaudi buildings I peeped at, as
         | well as park guell. I can understand how their design in the
         | late 19th/early 20th century would be very novel, but it all
         | just seemed merely whimsical rather than inspiring or thought
         | provoking.
         | 
         | If we're comparing late 19th century basilicas, Sacre Coeur
         | takes top billing in my book.
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | You're not the only one. Although the lighting _inside_ may be
         | beautiful, it is to me, from the outside, fuglier than fugly.
         | Totally and utterly grotesque. I 'd be tempted to say a wart in
         | the city but then Barcelona and its superblock is not a
         | beautiful city: it's got nothing on, say, Paris or Rome. So
         | that wart is on par with the rest of the city.
         | 
         | FWIW I find everything made by Gaudi to be completely
         | grotesque.
         | 
         | I don't care about the groupthink: to each its own bad tastes.
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | I went 20 or so years ago and again 3 years ago. Really, really
       | worth the visit.
       | 
       | Also great to see Christianity's best days of building cathedrals
       | (basilicas) didn't end 500 years ago (and I'm not even
       | religious).
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Is this one of the longest running construction projects of all
       | time?
        
         | loloquwowndueo wrote:
         | Not really. Plenty of churches have taken as long or longer to
         | be built.
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | In the current era though?
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | not even close
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | Cathedrals (or technically in this case, a church) being built
         | over decades or centuries is pretty common! This might be one
         | of the quicker ones.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cologne_Cathedral took six
         | centuries, although they started and stopped a few times.
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | Fair but those projects didn't happen during the 1900s where
           | i would expect them to take long times for procurement and
           | build.
        
             | rwmj wrote:
             | While it took less time (a mere 74 years) Liverpool
             | Cathedral is an example of a long-running 1900s project.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverpool_Cathedral
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | Great example. So with my qualifier Sagrada Familia might
               | be the longest running modern day piece of construction.
               | 
               | Also Liverpool is one impressively sized cathedral.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | I should add ... in the modern era.
        
       | wouldbecouldbe wrote:
       | Looking at the surrounding building of the Sagrada, just makes me
       | wonder again, what the hell happened to modern architecture.
       | 
       | Modern architecture has destroyed our cities. It's hard to find a
       | building build after WO2 that's actually pretty, let alone an
       | entire neighborhood. Nothing compared the historic cities of
       | Europe.
       | 
       | In a time when it's cheaper then ever to build, they've not been
       | able to build anything even close to pretty. The best they do is
       | a bad copy of old style.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | People de-risk their asset by building it as easy to not offend
         | as possible so if they have to sell it they can find a buyer
         | with relative ease.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | You may be understating this quite considerably.
           | 
           | I remember reading Future Shock when I was quite young and
           | the parts about people changing jobs quite often and living
           | closer to nomads stuck with me, even though I have to say
           | I've forgotten most of the book.
           | 
           | Simply put anything modern is likely to change its purpose
           | many times in the lifetime of the building. A company might
           | have its headquarters in one place for 100 years, but
           | probably not. It may move to a bigger building, be bought and
           | dissolved, or go out of business before the usefulness of the
           | building itself. Having a generic asset is worth more in
           | cases like this.
           | 
           | Same with housing and the 'millennial grey' people point out
           | these days. Most people expect to move many, many times
           | within their lives. I've moved 10 times myself, and I know
           | people that have moved far more than that. A house is rarely
           | looked at like a forever place, and few families seem to keep
           | their houses in the family for multiple generations. Add to
           | this that family size in the US is rapidly shrinking there
           | are a lot of people who know their assets won't be passed on,
           | but sold instead.
        
         | hannasanarion wrote:
         | The purpose of most buildings is to be useful, not to look
         | pretty in pictures.
         | 
         | > Modern architecture has destroyed our cities. It's hard to
         | find a building build after WO2 that's actually pretty
         | 
         | That's because the things that get preserved are the things
         | that are pretty. You think Romans built their outhouses and
         | warehouses and cheap apartments to look like the colosseum? No,
         | that shit was ugly too, that's why it's not around any more.
         | 
         | This is called "survivorship bias". Don't base your opinions of
         | the past exclusively on the things that survived til now. The
         | things that survived til now are, by definition, the exception
         | to the norm from the time. Not every european building is a
         | work of art, not every Lancaster Bomber avoided being shot in
         | the engines, not all the dinosaurs were animated skeletons.
         | 
         | > Nothing compared the historic cities of Europe.
         | 
         | What do you think Barcelona is?
         | 
         | > In a time when it's cheaper then ever to build
         | 
         | HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAAHAHAHA.
         | 
         | No. [https://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/construction-costs-hit-
         | hig...]
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | _> The purpose of most buildings is to be useful, not to look
           | pretty in pictures._
           | 
           | I'd say that's their stated purpose, not their inherent one.
           | Beauty is only useless to those who choose to believe so.
           | 
           | If you're not convinced, I recommend Roger Scruton's "Why
           | Beauty Matters"
           | 
           | https://vimeo.com/549715999
        
           | gravescale wrote:
           | I know the economics must somehow make sense, but it's still
           | hard to wrap my head around the fact that even with quite
           | literally once-unimaginable computing power, semi-magical
           | modern materials, structural theory, decades of recorded
           | research and testing, international standardisation, leaps in
           | simulations, optimisation, robotics, pneumatics, hydraulics,
           | electronics, networking, transmission, logistics and supply
           | chain engineering, economies of scale that dwarf the
           | imagination of the most ardent technologist of
           | yesteryear....humans still can't stack bricks or nail frames
           | cheaply enough to reliably put roofs over heads.
           | 
           | It's a hell of a Red Queen thing.
        
             | bigbillheck wrote:
             | "Won't", not "can't".
        
               | gravescale wrote:
               | You're right, but there's a lot of people here making
               | excuses predicated on treating entirely socially-
               | voluntary problems (like providing no public transport,
               | or allowing regulatory capture to inflate costs) as laws
               | of nature.
        
             | spaniard89277 wrote:
             | We can do that. But we can't make new space.
        
               | pegasus wrote:
               | If the footprint is so expensive, you'd expect more
               | investment in building quality, not less.
        
               | azulster wrote:
               | bricks and wood are unable to maximize the quality of a
               | limited footprint. an expensive plot of land in a city
               | needs to be built to certain quality standards to make
               | sure it is affordable and safe. this is only possible
               | with steel and concrete.
               | 
               | brick and wood alone can't build safely and cheaply over
               | 3 stories
        
               | pas wrote:
               | Of course depending on the definition, but light-framed
               | wood is good for around 5 stories. And mass timber (eg.
               | CLT - cross-laminated timber) is good up to ~20. And for
               | the foundation concrete is still needed. But a lighter
               | one.
               | 
               | https://www.construction-physics.com/p/mass-timber-is-
               | great-...
        
               | pchristensen wrote:
               | Much of American cities and outer areas of are 0 stories
               | (big lots, wide roads, etc), or maybe 1-2. Building
               | technology is not the limiting factor.
        
               | nick__m wrote:
               | brick and wood alone can't build safely and cheaply over
               | 3 stories
               | 
               | Tell that to those architects:
               | https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/worlds-tallest-
               | woo...
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | That's not plain wood like American houses are made of,
               | it's a new kind of engineered material that's made out of
               | wood called CLT.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Because the footprint is so expensive, you don't have the
               | cash to invest in quality without making the building too
               | expensive for the people who are going to be using it.
               | 
               | And the footprint isn't the only thing that's more
               | expensive, all the cool new technologies that your
               | grandparent comment brought up are all more expensive to
               | implement than structures without them. The existence of
               | those technologies implies the existence of skilled
               | professionals to plan and install them. It used to be
               | that you just needed to pay your architect and engineer
               | and builders, now you gotta also pay your crane operators
               | and electricians and plumbers and acoustic consultants,
               | and fire protection experts, and geologists, and network
               | engineers, and energy consultants, and accessibility
               | consultants too and they all want to be paid well for
               | their expertise.
               | 
               | The proliferation of skilled professionals reduces the
               | appetite in the population in general for unskilled
               | manual labor, so that gets more scarce and expensive too.
               | Gotta pay the builders well or else they'll quit and
               | change careers to be one of those professional types.
               | 
               | Add to that the regulatory and compliance requirements
               | that raises the floor of acceptable quality (building
               | MUST be energy efficient, accessible, fire-safe,
               | earthquake-safe, minimally ecologically impactful, etc
               | etc etc) and your wiggle room for where to focus your
               | "quality" budget is pretty tiny and exterior aesthetics
               | rapidly sinks to the bottom of that list.
               | 
               | [disclaimer: I actually disagree with the people who say
               | that new buildings are ugly. I actually like the
               | modernist and international style aesthetics that are
               | artistic declarations of raw functionality. My town has a
               | brutalist city hall where the council chamber juts out in
               | an overhang, so when you walk by you can look at it and
               | say "that funky structural appendix is the exact room
               | where people are making important decisions at this very
               | moment" which I think is cool. This post-modern concert
               | hall just opened a few blocks from me and I think it's
               | pretty sexy: https://wysomusic.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/Screen-Shot-2021-11... ]
        
               | balfirevic wrote:
               | > We can do that.
               | 
               | Can we? Construction is heavily impacted by cost disease.
               | 
               | My friend recently had a house built and the plot of land
               | was around 15% of the cost of the entire project. The
               | land in more premium location would still end up under
               | 30% of total cost.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | Short answer to the riddle is: not enough demand to warrant
             | investment (because you would need a long string of a few
             | magnitudes bigger projects). Basically, the same structural
             | problem that plagues nuclear power plant construction.
             | 
             | All those fancy technological advancements did almost
             | nothing to the typical housing construction, it's still a
             | lot of manual work, a lot of specialized tasks (site prep,
             | foundation, frame/structural stuff, roof, insulation,
             | plumbing, sewage, wiring, HVAC, connecting utilities), a
             | ton of waiting, lots of logistics. An enormous amount of
             | babysitting (project management) of the builders, because
             | everything is basically custom/one-off.
             | 
             | https://www.construction-physics.com/p/which-construction-
             | ta... cheaper
             | 
             | https://www.construction-physics.com/p/why-are-there-so-
             | few-... scale
             | 
             | https://www.construction-physics.com/p/why-its-hard-to-
             | innov...
        
             | hannasanarion wrote:
             | There's a lot of costs that go into construction, the
             | actual expense of putting together the parts to make the
             | thing was at one time the biggest one, but not any more.
             | 
             | With all those new technologies that increase the
             | efficiency of buildings and construction come technicians
             | who expect to be paid well for their expertise, so for
             | every manual job removed there's an expert who needs to be
             | paid about as much or more to operate or plan the labor-
             | saving technology so implementing the technology may not
             | actually reduce the cost to the builder at all.
             | 
             | For the parts that do still require manual labor, that's
             | been getting a lot more expensive and hard to find, because
             | hand-in-hand with people specializing in all these fancy
             | new technologies, the appetite for manual labor employment
             | in developed economies has fallen, which pushes up the cost
             | of the parts of construction that technologies hasn't
             | changed.
             | 
             | Regulations and requirements have also massively
             | proliferated in the last century. The number of inspections
             | and approvals that any piece of construction needs is
             | pretty crazy compared to the prewar era, plus new
             | requirements and design limitations set by law that, while
             | good for society (anti-fire, disability access), can
             | sometimes drive up costs or limit design choices because
             | ramps take more space than stairs and fire sprinklers
             | represent a doubling of the amount of plumbing work you
             | need to do.
             | 
             | Land has gotten progressively more expensive as it has
             | become more scarce. Sprawl kinda reached the limit of what
             | commuters are willing to tolerate in the 90s, so nobody can
             | do cheap greenfill development anymore (anecdote, my
             | parents had a new house built on the outskirts of Phoenix
             | in 2006, with a 70 minute _minimum_ driving commute, which
             | I would absofuckinglutely never tolerate for myself): you
             | need to buy more expensive interior land to redevelop. God
             | help you if your local land use regulations require you to
             | provide free parking, in which case you may be forbidden
             | from building on as much as 2 /3 of that very expensive
             | land you just bought.
        
           | spaniard89277 wrote:
           | > The purpose of most buildings is to be useful, not to look
           | pretty in pictures.
           | 
           | Architecture is the only art where you're forced to
           | participate. So we could pretty much say the opposite,
           | buildings should, among other things, contribute to make a
           | place nice. Or at least not make it more miserable.
           | 
           | > What do you think Barcelona is?
           | 
           | Most of Spanish cities are built with crap buildings dating
           | above the 60s. Just concrete blocks, in some cities even with
           | just plain grey and humidity stains. It doesn't matter how
           | historic the city is, because the "historic center" it's just
           | a small spot surrounded by uglyness.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | If your only complaint is the buildings are grey then try
             | painting them.
        
           | throwaway91838 wrote:
           | >That's because the things that get preserved are the things
           | that are pretty. You think Romans built their outhouses and
           | warehouses and cheap apartments to look like the colosseum?
           | No, that shit was ugly too, that's why it's not around any
           | more. This is called "survivorship bias".
           | 
           | The interior of the small apartments in Pompeii are
           | beautifully decorated, and at the very least more skillfully
           | so than most medieval churches, and we are talking about a
           | small run of the mill rural Italian town.
           | 
           | The reason Roman architecture is gone, is that the christians
           | scrapped them for building materials to build churches,
           | something that still happened until relatively recently (see
           | the Temple of Ceasar pillaged in the late 15th century).
           | 
           | The Colosseum itself is a pretty bad example of architecture
           | left intact, it's literally sawn-off in half.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | > > Nothing compared the historic cities of Europe. >What do
           | you think Barcelona is?
           | 
           | Not historic. Well some of it is, there is a tiny small town
           | core that dates back to Roman times. The vast majority of the
           | city only dates back to the 1900s. They were just lucky that
           | Gaudi and other great architects practiced then and built
           | landmarks that really should be preserved for as long as we
           | can. Don't make a mistake though, Gaudi and peers built the
           | city we know in the 1900s which isn't very old.
        
         | nextworddev wrote:
         | It is much cheaper to build McMansions, etc
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | McMansions are also functional. They may not look good, but
           | they do what people need in a house well (obviously with
           | thousands of different McMansions there will be thousands of
           | different things). I have a house in 1970 - it is okay, but
           | modern houses of a similar size are a lot more functional
           | because space is used differently. I've been in houses built
           | in 1920 which were really bad - they looked nice but as an
           | engineer I see a lot of things that are just wrong.
        
         | prmoustache wrote:
         | The thing is, most of the 60's/70's building look like shit
         | from outside but are pretty nice and super funcional from the
         | inside while some older ones were made for an era where people
         | had huge hotel particuliers with servants and stuff and the
         | current appartments have been build by splitting those in
         | parts. Those appartments that aren't as well made/functionnal
         | despite being nice to look at and having lots of vertical
         | space, nice carved/moulded ceiling, etc.
        
           | spaniard89277 wrote:
           | In Spain it's not only 60s/70s, pretty much everything build
           | between the 60s and the 90s is not only ugly AF, but very low
           | quality. And Barcelona is not even the worst offender. In
           | northern spanish cities there's a lot of grey in the
           | buildings, with basically no insulation in a humid and cold
           | climate. My GF used to joke it was colder inside her home
           | than outside.
           | 
           | After the new construction code in the early 00s the quality
           | has improved a lot but we still build very ugly buildings.
           | 
           | No wonder why people chose to gather and spend their time
           | where the historial centers are.
           | 
           | Seems architects really refuse to extract some lessons from
           | this.
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | Well I hate to say it as I am also living in Spain, in the
             | south, but there is definitely a culture of making stuff
             | with the minimum effort and a lack of focus on quality.
             | 
             | And I too do joke that it feels colder inside than outside
             | from mid november to mid february.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | And half the Barcelona buildings from the 60s/70s were made
             | with concrete that turns to sand when it gets wet
             | (aluminosis). People have died in buildings that suddenly
             | collapsed.
        
             | harry_ord wrote:
             | The cold thing was the biggest surprise when I was in
             | Barcelona one November
        
           | LtWorf wrote:
           | > having lots of vertical space, nice carved/moulded ceiling,
           | etc.
           | 
           | Do you mean that being habitable without air conditioning is
           | a negative feature?
        
             | azulster wrote:
             | "Do you mean that being habitable without air conditioning
             | is a negative feature?"
             | 
             | in a specific climate, sure. but in other climates high
             | ceilings might just be a burden on the air conditioning
             | system
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | I didn't say that. Maybe I haven't phrased it correctly but
             | it was meant to be understood like "despite lots of
             | vertical space, nice ceilings, etc". These are nice things
             | but it doesn't really matter if the floor space is
             | illogical, the kitchen is barely larger than a small
             | wardrobe and you have a piece of corridor that barely has
             | any purpose, is difficult to organize and is only wasting
             | space.
        
           | bnralt wrote:
           | I've found most of the 60's and 70's building in the U.S. to
           | be just the opposite myself. Often stairwells are hidden,
           | sometimes behind multiple doors, so even going up a single
           | flight of stairs usually involves waiting for an elevator. A
           | lot of places seem to use space in a bizarre way - lobbies
           | that are much too large and empty, the functional areas being
           | cramped and small. Ceilings that are much too high, which not
           | only waste space but lead to many functional issues (changing
           | a bulb that's 16 feet up is much more difficult than changing
           | one that's 8 feet up). Windows that are pulled back from the
           | wall so they get much less natural lighting.
           | 
           | The whole thing feels like the architectural profession
           | became interested in impressing each other with designs that
           | they thought looked cool, and seemed to forget that people
           | actually had to use these spaces. The areas here with
           | buildings from that area usually feel much more dead than
           | areas with buildings from almost any other era.
        
         | MattGaiser wrote:
         | You are understating cheaper to build. A lot of the beautiful
         | buildings took decades if not centuries to construct. Cost
         | hundreds of millions of dollars inflation-adjusted. They are
         | also extremely expensive to maintain, as stone is expensive in
         | so many ways.
        
         | mikey_p wrote:
         | Check out Brent Hull on YouTube who is answering this very
         | question. His basic premise is that post WWII the focus on
         | efficiency and mass production ruined the craftsmanship that
         | went into older buildings.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | I love Brent and his redesigns of existing buildings are
           | really eye opening. It really shows how bad people fail at
           | building traditional buildings today. He makes a compelling
           | argument for why his redesign makes more sense and to my eye
           | the buildings tend to look much better and simpler too. It's
           | based around some basic theory that had served builders well
           | for a long time and has been thrown out to build gaudy things
           | that imitate very poorly.
           | 
           | One of my favorite observations of his is that a modern cheap
           | door isn't even really a door - it's more a simulation of a
           | door than an actual door. It is made of plastic and filled
           | with foam but is made to look like wood and has stiles and
           | rails and fake paneling pressed into the moulding to look
           | like what people think a door looks like. And it comes in a
           | pre-fabricated frame and is installed, not crafted. But it
           | doesn't feel like a door or sound like a door. Just a flimsy
           | thing that closes a passage off. And we admire _installers_
           | today, not _craftsmen_.
           | 
           | One thing about him, and I think he acknowledges it, is that
           | efficiency and mass production are why so many more people
           | can live in relatively nice homes today. Not everyone (in
           | fact most people can't) can live in a well crafted home made
           | from the best materials, etc. But I do agree with him that
           | developers could at least try and make things that are rooted
           | in some sense of design principal.
        
           | pas wrote:
           | Meh, we're still very very far from mass-production. We got
           | rich and spend a lot of that on inefficiently building higher
           | quality houses.
           | 
           | https://www.construction-physics.com/p/which-construction-
           | ta... cheaper
           | 
           | https://www.construction-physics.com/p/why-are-there-so-
           | few-... scale
        
         | nemo44x wrote:
         | A few things. first off, we have code now. Until the 1950s you
         | could do whatever you wanted. But nowadays there a bunch of
         | things that need to be "up to code" and it's not just internals
         | like electrical, etc. Stairways, railings, heights, room sizes,
         | construction technique, etc are all affected by this. And we
         | continue to add more and more code for things like efficiency,
         | etc. And this isn't a bad thing - code means we have safer
         | buildings and when someone buys a building there's at least a
         | minimum standard that has been met.
         | 
         | So this means you are going to build in ways that are proven
         | and will be up to code. Which leads to the second thing.
         | 
         | Construction materials have become standardized over the last
         | 100 years or so. We went from a world where things were crafted
         | to a world where things are manufactured and installed.
         | Buildings are made mainly of commoditized parts and materials
         | today which makes a lot of things look simplistic and similar.
         | This is good in many ways because when a craftsman was hand
         | carving things they were not very productive and it cost a lot
         | of money. Today, a worker is amazingly productive since their
         | tools are powered and their materials are pre-fabricated and
         | just need to be cut to size.
         | 
         | Lastly, buildings are far more complex today than 100+ years
         | ago. Lots more electrical and plumbing, complex HVAC,
         | insulation requirements, etc. These things were not considered
         | long ago. You had carpentry and maybe a bit of plumbing and
         | some basic electrical.
         | 
         | You can still get really nice custom work done and it's
         | unbelievable expensive.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | Be careful to avoid survivorship bias here. Only the "best"
         | buildings from Medieval and Renaissance times (or even later
         | into the 1800s) are still around. Many of the buildings we
         | constructed in the second half of the 20th century will be gone
         | in 100 years or so.
         | 
         | Also, beauty is in the eye of the beholder. I know there was a
         | lot of criticism when the Louvre built the pyramid, but I quite
         | like the contrast of traditional and modern.
        
           | kiney wrote:
           | Nope, visit ANY old german village that wasn't bombed during
           | ww2. Most of the old houses still stand and every single one
           | is prettier than what is being build today.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | And how much would that same house cost to build now?
             | 
             | Again, this is survivorship bias at best.
        
           | hnuser847 wrote:
           | Yes, only the best buildings from hundreds of years ago have
           | been preserved, but that still doesn't explain why we build
           | ugly buildings right now. You would think we would be able to
           | draw on centuries of architectural trial and error to
           | determine what is objectively pleasing to people. Instead
           | it's like the past never existed. Architects keep building
           | hideous blobs of steel and glass and wondering why people
           | don't like their creations.
        
             | azulster wrote:
             | "hideous blobs of steel and glass" were originally known as
             | glorious and beautiful modern architecture. oversaturation
             | makes the creative into the tired and boring
        
               | ReptileMan wrote:
               | I am not sure - I can see why Empire State or Chrysler
               | are majestic, but WTC was hideous. And I saw them
               | simultaneously for the first time. The shard is probably
               | nice, shanghai tower is not too ugly, burj khalifa is ok
               | - but almost everything else is eyesore.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | Everything about building in the US is either forbidden or
             | mandatory; "liking" doesn't come into it, there generally
             | isn't a choice in the matter.
             | 
             | The main aesthetic reason new buildings don't look like old
             | ones is Baumol's cost disease, i.e. nobody can hire that
             | many laborers anymore.
        
           | wouldbecouldbe wrote:
           | There are lot's of city centres in Europe in France, Italy,
           | Belgium etc. where entire neighborhoods survived, and they
           | look great.
        
             | azulster wrote:
             | new york city's brownstones are considered beautiful and
             | iconic now, but when they were built they were described as
             | cheap eye-sores and a blight upon the beautiful city.
             | 
             | i imagine a similar trend must exist for most of the
             | European cities. people's aesthetic usually rejects the
             | new, but recognizes the beauty once it is seen as old and
             | classic
        
             | brabel wrote:
             | I think the ultimate city if you like old European
             | architecture is probably Prague. It's a big city and most
             | of it is amazing.
             | 
             | You're totally right that France/Italy/Belgium all have
             | amazing towns to visit. But in case someone is looking for
             | a random tip elsewhere: Cesky Krumlov
             | (https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_Krumlov),
             | which is in today Czechia (handy in case you happen to
             | visit Prague), but used to have a large German population
             | before WWII. It looks wonderful, perhaps the most perfect
             | Medieval town I've seen.
        
               | wouldbecouldbe wrote:
               | Yeah Prague is awesome; although same as Amsterdam, and
               | other bigger cities the chaos of the cities at times is a
               | distraction. Cesky looks lovely, France also has amazing
               | places. I do think this is the most perfect Medieval town
               | though: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont-Saint-Michel
        
           | netbioserror wrote:
           | You must not travel a lot. There are huge numbers of historic
           | villages and towns with original or very old architecture. If
           | we were dealing with survivorship bias, we should expect
           | essentially random buildings scattered around cities, not
           | entire towns or contiguous historic districts.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | I was thinking of iconic buildings - cathedrals, etc.
             | 
             | Thinking of old towsn in the UK, many are picturesque, but
             | those old cottages tend to have limited windows and low
             | ceilings make them far less functional by modern standards.
        
             | skinner927 wrote:
             | You may want to double check that the historic buildings
             | you see in historic districts are actually, uhh, historic.
             | Historic building codes have been around for hundreds of
             | years in some areas and many of the buildings are rebuilds
             | and ones that didn't fit the mold have been rebuilt.
             | 
             | Not that modern concrete architecture is not a blight on
             | our cities, but not all historic buildings were originally
             | as charming as we may see them today.
        
         | ebiester wrote:
         | We underestimate the pressure the world has been under in the
         | last century. In 1950, we had about 2.5 billion people. Today,
         | we have 8 billion. We had to find accommodations for 5.5
         | billion people who all expected to have a greater standard of
         | living with electricity and living space; something had to
         | give.
         | 
         | We had to be more parsimonious with the materials at our
         | disposal.
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | "We had to find accommodations for 5.5 billion people" is
           | irrelevant to a discussion of one city in Spain that did not
           | grow quickly: Spain has its own architects that haven't been
           | influenced much by architects in countries like Nigeria and
           | India where the population grew very fast.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | Population of Barcelona grew from 500K to more than 1.7M in
             | 70 years.
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | OK (that is much faster growth than Spain as a whole) but
               | the 5.5 billion new people is still irrelevant.
        
               | superturkey650 wrote:
               | It's not irrelevant as a ratio. 2.5 billion to 8 billion
               | is very comparable to 500k to 1.7 million. The population
               | tripled in 70 years and, in the current times, you also
               | have to deal with all the existing architecture and
               | infrastructure in the city that wasn't built for anywhere
               | near that population level.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | People really don't understand how big the 'boomers'
           | generation really was. Populations exploded in the post war
           | era and with the rapid rise in technology people were
           | disinterested in doing things in the way of the past. In the
           | US at least there was a mass migration over the country and a
           | massive need for housing that could be quickly built. Later
           | this rapid expansion of 'sameness' would be captured in
           | popular media in songs like "Little Boxes".
        
         | Gimpei wrote:
         | Le Courbousier is what happened. He actually wanted to demolish
         | Paris and put up a huge office park. But I love modern
         | architecture. Try going to the Salk institute or even the Marin
         | County Civic Center. It's pretty mystical.
        
           | wouldbecouldbe wrote:
           | Try going to Palma, Salk institute looks like a depressive
           | lifeless concrete mess OCD creation.
           | 
           | https://www.spain.info/en/destination/palma/
        
             | bmicraft wrote:
             | It really does look depressing, even in the best photos
        
             | coryrc wrote:
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salk_Institute_for_Biologic
             | a...
             | 
             | is a picture of the named building. Your link, for me, puts
             | up a beautiful (sandstone?) cathedral.
        
           | pas wrote:
           | Brazilia (the city) is pretty nice. Getting rid of roads and
           | keeping/extending parks is much easier there than, in either
           | a suburban sprawl or in Barcelona.
           | 
           | The "towers in the park" concept works, if the park is not
           | just an artificial green desert. (And the towers are not the
           | underfunded "projects"), for example Hong Kong (the island),
           | with the green mountain and the walkable seaside promenades
           | felt much more livable than even Barcelona.
        
           | Biganon wrote:
           | Le Corbusier*
        
         | dbrgn wrote:
         | > It's hard to find a building build after WO2 that's actually
         | pretty, let alone an entire neighborhood.
         | 
         | Hold on, we're talking about Barcelona... The phallus tower
         | (Torre Glories) certainly has a certain aesthetic ;)
         | 
         | A bit on the more serious side: If you ask city planners, they
         | will probably be able to list thousands of examples of
         | beautiful neighbourhoods in modern cities. They do exist, but I
         | agree that a lot of modern buildings appear quite "soulless"
         | and exchangeable.
        
         | audunw wrote:
         | What happened is that a vast quantity of people moved into and
         | around the cities. We also have more strict building codes that
         | take into account light, air quality, longevity, energy
         | effiency etc.
         | 
         | You're looking at an old city built for a relatively small
         | elite over many hundreds of years, and you're surprised why
         | cities built for many millions of people over a few decade look
         | a bit basic in comparison?
         | 
         | I came across some pre-WW2 photographs of a European city I
         | know, of the more poor districts that don't often get
         | photographed. You think they looked nice? A modern apartment
         | building looks much better than those cheap wooden shacks and
         | lasts 100 times longer.
         | 
         | I think there's hope in the long term. My grandmas apartment
         | building was built quickly and cheaply and looked like trash
         | when I was a child. It has since been renovated with a nicer
         | brick facade. Could be better, but it's a step in the right
         | direction.
         | 
         | Give it a hundred years and compounding refurbishment and
         | survivorship bias will make most cities look great.
        
           | ido wrote:
           | I just came back from San Francisco and plenty of post WW2
           | buildings there (mostly high rises) look nice.
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | Buildings used to be made by rich people or institutions who
         | built what they wanted.
         | 
         | Now it's controlled by bureaucrats and regulations.
        
           | azulster wrote:
           | old buildings used to also be death traps, we only know of
           | the survivors, but lots of old construction would burn down,
           | collapse in a minor earthquake, or rot from water.
           | 
           | we only have the survivors to admire now
        
         | reddog wrote:
         | You might enjoy the Tom Wolfe book, From Bauhaus to Our House.
         | In it he tries to explain the observations you make. Very
         | lively, funny writing and you know he is on the right track
         | because he was universally panned by modern architects.
        
         | azulster wrote:
         | "modern architecture" is a following the same pricniples of
         | most architecture, engineer it to be strong enough, for as
         | cheap as possible, if you are very very lucky somebody may be
         | willing to pay extra to make it look good.
         | 
         | usually the church was more than willing to pay extra for
         | beauty, but the average apartment building or urban mixed-use
         | building built in the last few decades is likely focused on
         | being affordable and efficient.
        
         | throw0101b wrote:
         | > _Looking at the surrounding building of the Sagrada, just
         | makes me wonder again, what the hell happened to modern
         | architecture._
         | 
         | To a certain extent: economics.
         | 
         | Beauty generally does not show up on a spreadsheet, and when it
         | does it often adds cost. Glass costs less than steel, concrete,
         | or stone, so it's lower CapEx to have glass towers. (Of course
         | glass sucks as a thermal insulator, so your OpEx for
         | heating/cooling may be higher.)
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | Glass is also not heavy, which is very important. (At least,
           | relative to steel and brick.)
           | 
           | The modern glass curtain wall is popular because it is not
           | load bearing and costs very little extra to hold up. High-
           | rise steel frame was very expensive, and high-rise masonry
           | basically impossible, because the frames also had to bear the
           | weight of their own upper floors. The structural part of a
           | modern skyscraper is basically floors cantilevering off a
           | small concrete core, and the glass wall simply hangs off the
           | cantilever.
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | I used to work in a Georgian building.
         | 
         | I'll take the ugly 70s concrete block I work in nowadays any
         | day. It's _extremely_ difficult to adapt a lot of these old
         | forms to functional, comfortable housing and offices. There are
         | exceptions, but practicality is a big part of the change.
         | 
         | You're also seeing a certain amount of survivor bias in many
         | cities; the old buildings that are still around are the ones
         | that someone thought it would be worthwhile to keep around.
        
           | distances wrote:
           | We don't have to go that far back in time, European cities
           | have loads of beautiful buildings still from early 1900s. For
           | example whole neighborhoods of Jugendstil apartment buildings
           | that mainly housed working class people moving to cities. New
           | construction in these same neighborhoods simply do not match
           | the beauty of the existing housing stock. And early 1900s
           | housing is usually quite nice if it's been at least slightly
           | renovated (double glazing etc).
        
         | javier_e06 wrote:
         | I agree. Kids watch Harry Potter and dream about Hogwarts and
         | their school pretty much looks like a prison without the
         | barbwire and guard towers. They don't play in the woods but on
         | a asphalt blacktop or a square of grass. Sad.
        
         | LordDragonfang wrote:
         | Scott Alexander has written a good blog post about the numerous
         | things that could be contributing to this result:
         | 
         | https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/whither-tartaria
        
         | Lance_ET_Compte wrote:
         | The desire of people to drive (and park) their personal
         | automobiles everywhere has killed cities. Density is forced to
         | be lower.
        
         | Affric wrote:
         | Do you mean "Modernist"?
         | 
         | Art Nouveau, Gaudi's dialect being Modernisme, was a movement
         | which aimed to democratise and modernise architecture and
         | design compared to previous periods.
        
         | levocardia wrote:
         | Swaminarayan Akshardham in New Jersey is new and beautiful.
         | Probably noteworthy that it is also a religious building. I
         | think ugly modern buildings are a problem of aesthetics and
         | ambition, not one of finances or possibility. Old buildings on
         | American college campuses are wonderful; new ones are dreadful
         | yet certainly much more expensive, even inflation-adjusted.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Did they ever settle up and give the back pay to the
           | indentured servants they essentially imported?
        
         | maxglute wrote:
         | Mass urbanization, raising wages, labour saving construction
         | methods and mass produced materials. I think dutch modern
         | architecture does an alright blending blending constraints and
         | modernism. Sagrada Familia is not a model for mass development.
         | That said, I do love me some blood equity monumentality. It
         | would be "neat" importing 10,000 cheap labourers, train them up
         | on traditional masonery techiques and build some more
         | monuments.
        
       | dist-epoch wrote:
       | Finished just in time to praise the coming AGI god.
        
         | jonjacky wrote:
         | There is already a former church in Barcelona that now houses a
         | supercomputer:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcelona_Supercomputing_Cente...
        
           | pksebben wrote:
           | That thing is just begging for a 007 cameo.
        
       | _giorgio_ wrote:
       | Probably 50% of the construction is based on the project by
       | Gaudi, which was lost.
       | 
       | It's almost completely a contemporary project.
       | 
       | https://hyperallergic.com/152158/has-gaudis-sagrada-familia-...
       | 
       | https://sagradafamilia.barcelona-tickets.com/sagrada-familia...
       | 
       | "Spanish Civil War: In 1936, during the civil unrest, anarchists
       | broke into the cathedral and stole the plans, and destroyed the
       | church's crypt. Work only resumed after the unrest ended in 1939.
       | The informational remains were pieced together to make Sagrada
       | Familia what it is today."
        
         | diggan wrote:
         | Where are you getting the "anarchists" part from? As far as I
         | know, it isn't known exactly what group was behind the
         | ransacking, and the sources you link only talks about "Vandals"
         | and "revolutionary groups".
         | 
         | That quote of yours don't seem to be a verbatim quote?
        
           | _giorgio_ wrote:
           | https://sagradafamilia.barcelona-tickets.com/sagrada-
           | familia...
           | 
           | "Spanish Civil War: In 1936, during the civil unrest,
           | anarchists broke into the cathedral and stole the plans, and
           | destroyed the church's crypt...."
           | 
           | https://imgur.com/a/tzwQuea
        
           | azulster wrote:
           | some people use anarchist as term similar to "vandal",
           | "rioter" or "terrorist", just a rogue element at the time
           | causing destruction or chaos.
        
             | NoboruWataya wrote:
             | But anarchists were a distinct and active political force
             | in Spain during (and before) the Spanish Civil War. I
             | suspect the page is talking about those anarchists. The
             | Catholic Church was on Franco's side during the Civil War
             | so a church wouldn't have been an unreasonable target for
             | left-wing anarchists, though I have no idea if the claim is
             | true.
        
               | captaincaveman wrote:
               | Yes, Anarchist were very much a specific thing in that
               | context, not as its used today.
        
               | zelphirkalt wrote:
               | I don't know how true to history the movie is, but if
               | close, then "La Lengua de las mariposas" is a good
               | example of basically anyone possibly being accused of
               | being an anarchist at that time, if they were againt the
               | Franco regime.
        
       | mattxxx wrote:
       | Here's a really cool article I read a while back on using
       | computers and geometry to finish Gaudi's work:
       | 
       | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gilfranco-Alves/publica...
       | 
       | It's interesting using computational tools to finish something in
       | spirit, that started long before their mainstreaming.
        
       | krylon wrote:
       | I saw it in 1999, it was not very finished, but already an
       | impressive sight. We tried to climb the tower, but it was very
       | busy that day (probaby like any other day).
       | 
       | We did visit Park Guell, though, on that same day, which was less
       | crowded, and that was incredible.
       | 
       | If you haven't been to Barcelona, it is an amazingly beautiful
       | city. We only spent one day there, which is far too little to do
       | the city justice.
        
       | deadbabe wrote:
       | When this is done in 2026, we'll be as far away from the start of
       | construction as they were from the end of it.
        
         | fetzu wrote:
         | We are all time traveling forward at the same speed, dude.
        
       | Invictus0 wrote:
       | It is incredibly ugly
        
       | fearthetelomere wrote:
       | While still a marvel in its own right, I couldn't help but feel
       | underwhelmed when I visited.
       | 
       | After witnessing the architecture of both ancient and
       | (relatively) modern Eastern/Southeastern structures, I found the
       | Sagrada Familia lacking. It came across somewhat soulless with
       | its bleached cavernous interior and uninspired stained glass
       | artwork.
       | 
       | That came across harsher than I truly feel, but I think it's
       | garnered some undeserved hype especially after 100 years of
       | construction. I wonder what structures inspired Gaudi that may be
       | lost to time, and what feelings he wanted to evoke in me that I
       | didn't experience during my visit.
        
       | chombier wrote:
       | Funny, I was there last Thursday and our guide said "supposed to
       | finish in 2026, more like 2035 if you ask me!"
        
       | typon wrote:
       | One of the most beautiful examples of religious architecture I
       | have ever seen in person. Definitely can get lost in the
       | thousands of little details. Really puts me to shame calling
       | myself an engineer when I other engineers accomplish things of
       | that scale.
        
       | iambateman wrote:
       | On a perfect afternoon in September, I walked alone through the
       | park to find the church.
       | 
       | One moment, only trees. The next, La Sagrada Familia.
       | 
       | To stand there, before the century of brilliance and
       | determination that combined to create this mass of stone and
       | glass, on the edge between nature and society, and see, and sense
       | that I too am seen, was one of the great privileges of my life.
       | 
       | To Gaudi, and his countless collaborators...thank you.
        
       | jeffwask wrote:
       | It feels like this is one of the last generation spanning
       | projects left. I have doubts that our immediate gratification
       | society can still envision and execute on projects of this scale.
        
       | jurgenaut23 wrote:
       | Sure, tell yourself that.
        
       | Izikiel43 wrote:
       | For real this time?
        
       | iammjm wrote:
       | Imagine how many hospitals, schools or affordable housings this
       | money could've bought...
        
       | af78 wrote:
       | TIL construction went on for 137 years without a building permit.
       | I find it hard to believe no one realized in such a long time.
        
       | jeroen79 wrote:
       | I didn't really like it, it look big and impressing, but its to
       | much a mix of styles, new and old and all together weird.
        
       | wewtyflakes wrote:
       | Spain going for scoring some late-game victory points via wonder
       | construction.
        
       | Kon-Peki wrote:
       | Historically, 140 years isn't that long for structures like this.
        
       | Brian_K_White wrote:
       | I've been and to me it looked more weird than beautiful. Like
       | something from the set of Farscape. The quasi-organic forms are
       | almost disturbing. I was surprised the clergy of the time agreed
       | to it.
       | 
       | Impressive sure, but in the way of "Wow, there is a lot of work
       | in this weird thing"
        
         | __loam wrote:
         | Gaudi was incredibly ahead of his time with the design of the
         | cathedral. Even as a non-believer I highly recommend that
         | people visit this building at least once in their lifetime.
         | It's unbelievable in person and I actually got vertigo looking
         | up into it. It's a truly awe inspiring building and it's
         | shocking that it was designed in the 19th century.
        
       | 28304283409234 wrote:
       | Can you imagine those sprints and retros?
        
       | jscheel wrote:
       | I have always said that most cathedrals, basilicas, etc leave me
       | in awe of the catholic church's wealth and power, but do little
       | to draw me closer to God. Sagrada Familia left me speechless. The
       | way Gaudi works nature and light made me feel close to God in a
       | way that I had never experienced before.
        
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