[HN Gopher] A Surprising Advantage of Vinyl (2011)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A Surprising Advantage of Vinyl (2011)
        
       Author : surprisetalk
       Score  : 40 points
       Date   : 2024-03-20 11:38 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.andymatuschak.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.andymatuschak.org)
        
       | mborch wrote:
       | Here's another reference on this:
       | https://www.yoursoundmatters.com/vinyl-vs-cd-in-the-loudness....
       | 
       | > As explained earlier, due to the physical limitations of vinyl,
       | there are limits as to how loud you can press a record, and
       | because vinyl is "for audiophiles" - there is less incentive for
       | record companies to compromise the quality of vinyl releases. As
       | a result, many vinyl records are mastered differently to the CD
       | release with more dynamic range and at lower volumes.
       | 
       | But I read some place that Radiohead themselves preferred the
       | more compressed sound, perhaps owing to listening in a car rather
       | than a high fidelity setup.
        
         | tekla wrote:
         | I've seen this trotted around and I think its absolute
         | bullshit. I've asked multiple people in the music business, and
         | they've all told me they use the same masters for CDs and
         | Vinyl.
        
           | slily wrote:
           | Yeah, it's mostly wishful thinking. The primary audience for
           | records is not audiophiles, it's collectors who often don't
           | even own a record player putting them up on display. Unless
           | an artist/mastering engineer has a particular fondness for
           | the medium they're not going to put much effort into the
           | "analog" master.
        
           | JALTU wrote:
           | I would guess to agree: the "audiophile" is a microscopically
           | small segment of the music market, and music companies, let
           | alone manufacturers, are NOT going to spend extra time money
           | on producing stuff for specialty segments (hence the MoFi
           | fiasco). Marketing is enough! Most so-called audiophiles also
           | are not really into DR or "dynamic sound" or anything but
           | just their audio preferences, whether that's cool/expensive
           | hardware or hanging out on head-fi.
        
           | d-lisp wrote:
           | I have two versions of the same album, one on CD, one on
           | vinyl. They don't sound the same and I prefer the version on
           | vinyl, I am not implying it objectively sounds better, maybe
           | it sounds worse at the wave level, but it sounds better to
           | me, it seems much more "present". Could you teach me what is
           | the reason for this ?
        
             | WorkerBee28474 wrote:
             | Differences in the sound waves that reach the ear can come
             | from the audio data being written to and retrieved from an
             | imperfect recording medium (vinyl), as well as differenced
             | in frequency responses between the amplifiers or speakers
             | used after the audio is read.
             | 
             | "Presence" is usually associated with high frequency
             | content. Turn up the high frequencies and the music seems
             | more present. Therefore, differences in
             | media/amplifier/speaker high frequency response will make
             | the music seem more or less "present".
        
             | squarefoot wrote:
             | Vinyl's dynamic range is way inferior to CD's one, that
             | makes it a natural compressor. Most like vinyl sound
             | because it's compressed as well, albeit not awfully bad
             | like modern digital productions. Many vinyl records made in
             | the 90s were mastered digitally before printing, and
             | audiophiles swear they hear the same magic sound although
             | what they listen to comes from 100% digital material.
             | 
             | > it seems much more "present"
             | 
             | That could be due to some low frequencies that vinyl can't
             | reproduce and are reduced to avoid distortion. Also vinyl's
             | poor crosstalk figures could play a role here.
        
           | butterknife wrote:
           | Mastering engineer here. I supply less compressed versions
           | for vinyl and would not sign under it if it was the same as
           | CD/streaming. What labels do after the fact is another
           | story...
        
           | viburnum wrote:
           | Now they do but they didn't used to.
        
       | mtillman wrote:
       | Related, many SACDs contain a two channel SA layer that is
       | completely different than the red book layer. The medium is
       | normally mastered to appeal to the widest audience. In the 80's,
       | CD players were very expensive so the mastering were made for
       | that type of consumer. As CD players in cars became the more
       | popular listening mechanism, the DR shrunk and loudness
       | increased. Some (most I think) modern vinyl is actually just the
       | digital mastering and the newer stuff is written from a DSD
       | source-not tape. Even Mobile Fidelity got in trouble for claiming
       | tape when in fact it was from a digital source. I'm old so my
       | ears can't tell the difference at normal listening volumes to DR
       | as the article agrees but I can absolutely tell original redbook
       | vs modern mastering. Black Sabbath Sabotage is a good example of
       | mastering techniques to "correct" for mic dropouts and what not.
       | 
       | For loudness comps check out: https://dr.loudness-war.info/
        
       | mrob wrote:
       | Looking at waveforms can be misleading because of the frequency-
       | dependent sensitivity of the human ear:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal-loudness_contour
       | 
       | It's possible the vinyl version just has less bass, and doesn't
       | sound noticeably more dynamic. The waveforms might look more
       | similar after high-pass filtering at 100Hz or so.
        
         | sfwf wrote:
         | True, this is how the CD track looks after applying 100Hz high-
         | pass filter and volume normalization
         | https://i.imgur.com/lxMMDxd.png
        
       | mikae1 wrote:
       | Didn't LUFS and streaming services stop the loudness wars?
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36880962
       | 
       | https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/end-loudness-war
        
         | mrob wrote:
         | Sadly, loudness war mastering is still common. People still
         | listen to music in cars and on phone speakers. Low dynamic
         | range sounds better with noisy listening environments and bad
         | playback equipment.
        
           | user_7832 wrote:
           | Perhaps maybe not a super recent example but I remember Bruno
           | Mar's 24k magic sounding very "loud"/compressed.
        
         | leokennis wrote:
         | Extremely anecdotal, but if I compare top 40 pop from the early
         | 2000's (Black Eyed Peas, Anastacia, Maroon 5) with stuff from
         | today (Ariana Grande etc.) then the old music sounds like boomy
         | maximalism while the new music usually has crisper drums, more
         | subtle details etc.
        
       | squarefoot wrote:
       | Yeah, loudness war is a plague, but vinyl and CD differences have
       | nothing to do with it; it's just incompetent producers and sound
       | engineers aiming at making their work more loud to attract
       | listeners.
       | 
       | I miss vinyl records for only one thing: big sleeves and their
       | art.
        
         | wolrah wrote:
         | > but vinyl and CD differences have nothing to do with it; it's
         | just incompetent producers and sound engineers aiming at making
         | their work more loud to attract listeners.
         | 
         | The physical limitations of vinyl don't allow it to be pushed
         | as hard as a digital medium, or even tape, can be.
         | 
         | It's kind of like making a road that only allows air-cooled VWs
         | and noting that speeding drops to almost zero.
        
           | ZiiS wrote:
           | Till someone makes a Porsche.
        
         | pgeorgi wrote:
         | If everybody went for vinyl, they'd bring the loudness war over
         | as far as it's possible (the medium is more limited).
         | 
         | Right now, sound engineers, not incompetent at all, optimize
         | CDs for the CD audience (and for the most part, they
         | preferentially buy "louder," even if they'd deny it if you ask)
         | and vinyl for those freaks who maintain their diamond needle.
         | 
         | So vinyl sounds better _because_ it's a hipster medium.
        
           | copperx wrote:
           | > optimize CDs for the CD audience
           | 
           | CDs haven't been on anyone's radar for a long time.
        
         | eyelidlessness wrote:
         | > Yeah, loudness war is a plague, but vinyl and CD differences
         | have nothing to do with it; it's just incompetent producers and
         | sound engineers aiming at making their work more loud to
         | attract listeners.
         | 
         | The claim (not directly made by the article, but generally made
         | to support the difference) is that vinyl's physical
         | characteristics limit how "loud" a recording can be.
         | Specifically, that a vinyl pressing of a "brick walled"
         | recording becomes unplayable--or at least unreliably playable--
         | because its physical tracks are insufficient to keep a stylus
         | in place for playback.
         | 
         | I don't know how true that claim is, but the analysis seems
         | cromulent, and analysis of comparable media seems to support it
         | well enough.
         | 
         | It isn't a claim that pressing vinyl attracts or requires
         | better production etc, but that the medium has inherent
         | physical constraints that benefit, at least as a side effect,
         | from greater dynamic range.
        
           | starkparker wrote:
           | It's quite true. Vinyl mastering is very different from
           | digital, or even mastering for tape or other analog formats.
           | Sibilance is terrifying in vinyl mastering. The properties of
           | different groove lengths influence track order on albums
           | because tolerances are different on the outer end of the
           | record than the inner end, and you can squeeze out more
           | fidelity by sacrificing duration with wider grooves.
           | 
           | There are a few general tricks here:
           | https://www.sageaudio.com/articles/how-to-master-for-vinyl
           | but in practice there are so many variables that vinyl
           | mastering engineers are worth their weight in gold, and
           | there's some significant investment made in trying to
           | automate most of all of it algorithmically or via ML/AI.
        
           | empath-nirvana wrote:
           | There are a lot of 'old school' edm records in online stores
           | that were redigitized from vinyl, and you can tell just
           | looking at the wave forms the difference in how they were
           | mastered, and they sound noticeably _worse_ than modern EDM
           | records, with much less powerful bass. It's actually sort of
           | interesting how they worked around that with more dynamics in
           | older records to make the bass pop more, but I'm not sure
           | that it's better over all, it's just different.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _but vinyl and CD differences have nothing to do with it_
         | 
         | The kind of do. With vinyl if you master like this you're
         | making the grooves (the paths where the needle runs in) more
         | pronounced, meaning less space for music (which is a premium in
         | CDs compared to streaming, and even more so to vinyl compared
         | to CDs: many vinyl "double albums" could have beeen a single
         | CD). And it can make the needle jump around or have issues too.
         | 
         | So vinyl kind of forces you to master with actual dynamics, as
         | opposed to squashing everything.
        
       | ghusto wrote:
       | Fixed title: Vinyl Can't be Abused as Badly as Higher Quality
       | Mediums Such as CDs.
       | 
       | Also, this only effects recent stuff, after the "loudness wars"
       | started.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | "recent stuff" is somewhat relative. the loudness war has been
         | fought on other fronts than just CDs/mp3s. my cassette player
         | from the 80s had a loudness button. the sales rep at Guitar
         | Center bragged about the easiest one-button sale for a 1RU
         | piece of gear to add to your rack that made your sound better.
         | it was just a loudness on/off button. so it was playback device
         | dependent at that time which allowed the listener to choose it.
         | they just moved the battle field to format itself and took away
         | the choice
        
           | mrob wrote:
           | The "loudness" button on old equipment is actually a combined
           | bass and treble boost, designed to the make the music sound
           | louder at low listening levels by compensating for the
           | effects of the equal loudness contour. It's a great idea for
           | anybody who cares about protecting their hearing. You can do
           | even better using modern DSP by equalizing to a curve based
           | on the difference between the equal loudness contour at your
           | preferred listening level and the equal loudness contour
           | several decibels louder.
        
       | LeoPanthera wrote:
       | These nicer masters tend to also be used on other audiophile
       | digital formats, such as "High resolution" downloads, Super Audio
       | CDs, DVD-Audio, and other niche formats.
        
       | itronitron wrote:
       | Interesting, both 15 second segments sound like the same garbage
       | to me.
        
         | CharlesW wrote:
         | Yes, the first re-compressed CD segment sounds so much worse
         | than the iTunes version that I'm not sure what to think. Two
         | possibilities: (1) The album was remastered for a subsequent CD
         | reissue. (2) I'm hearing the benefits of the "Apple Digital
         | Masters"1 process.
         | 
         | 1 https://www.apple.com/apple-music/apple-digital-masters/
        
           | itronitron wrote:
           | I occasionally play a used CD of Bob Marley's Legend album in
           | the car and the clarity of the music is so much greater than
           | any of the current songs playing on the radio. Not sure if
           | it's a measure of the quality of the artist, the producer, or
           | the technology.
        
             | CharlesW wrote:
             | The degree to which radio stations process the life out of
             | music is unbelievable. https://web.archive.org/web/20210618
             | 142217/http://www.master...
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | "You don't want your CD to be the quietest one in the stack" -
       | some writer on mastering in the 1990s.
        
       | gizajob wrote:
       | Vinyl actually has quite a limited bandwidth too, so what you
       | gain by not having digital limiting, you often lose by only
       | having a small amount of dynamic range.
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | The dynamic range also reduces as you get closer to the center
         | of the record because the linear tracking speed reduces. Some
         | albums had to have their tracks rearranged so that the louder
         | tracks weren't near the end.
        
       | CharlesW wrote:
       | The Audacity waveform rendering is a bit misleading because each
       | pixel is reflecting the peak of nearly 10,000 samples. Here's a
       | higher-resolution look ("Open Image in New Tab" and click to zoom
       | for detail) at one segment of the track:
       | 
       | https://imgur.com/a/7mncY77
       | 
       | From the waveform analysis, you can see that the LRA of the
       | selected segment is fairly narrow at 2.1 LU, but the dynamic
       | range is quite high at 38.59 dB. The effect is minimal variation
       | in music intensity, but a substantial difference between the
       | quietest and loudest sounds in that segment.
       | 
       | I'd guess that the degree to which this causes ear sparkles is
       | probably not achievable when mastering to plastic.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-03-23 23:00 UTC)