[HN Gopher] Why is it so hard to build an airport?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why is it so hard to build an airport?
        
       Author : gmays
       Score  : 208 points
       Date   : 2024-03-22 12:18 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.construction-physics.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.construction-physics.com)
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | Long & interesting...but a pretty good tl;dr; is: "NIMBY's are
       | why we can't build any major infrastructure any more".
        
         | polycaster wrote:
         | For every other non-native speaker like me, lmgtfu: NIMBY
         | (/'nImbi/, or nimby), an acronym for the phrase "not in my back
         | yard", is a characterization of opposition by residents to
         | proposed infrastructure developments in their local area, as
         | well as support for strict land use regulations.
        
           | crazypyro wrote:
           | In simple terms, people want airports, but nobody wants an
           | airport near their house.
        
             | anonzzzies wrote:
             | And the state really shouldn't care about these few.
             | Probably rich enough to move but don't want because blah
             | blah.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | "Few"? Almost no-one wants to live next door to an
               | airport.
        
               | codeulike wrote:
               | I think they meant: For any given site, theres
               | proportionally 'few' people that would be disadvantaged
        
               | anonzzzies wrote:
               | Yep. You cannot just put them just anywhere, so if a
               | location has been found and some people don't like it,
               | well, that happens. Like others said; everyone wants to
               | fly but they don't want the bad side. Fine but it
               | happens.
        
               | egeozcan wrote:
               | But almost everybody wants access to one. This is coming
               | from someone who lived a a kilometer away from the main
               | airport of Istanbul at the time[0], for a long time. I
               | was really disappointed when it was closed as the benefit
               | of access was 100x better than the noise cost.
               | 
               | Of course, everybody has different priorities and getting
               | a huge noise source in your backyard _after_ you decide
               | to call a piece of land your home would be frustrating.
               | 
               | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk_Airport -
               | used to be a very busy airport.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Eh. As someone who used to travel a lot living 50 miles
               | from the airport was a bit of an inconvenience but
               | certainly one I could live with. Just took a bit longer
               | to get to the airport. I wouldn't have wanted to live
               | next to it.
        
               | jojobas wrote:
               | If this was true, areas around airports would have been
               | non-residential or at least stupidly penalized in land
               | value. They don't seem to be.
               | 
               | In fact when you live close to an airport you stop
               | caring, perhaps not unlike smoke alarm chirps but without
               | danger to your life.
        
               | theultdev wrote:
               | The people who work at them do.
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | ...same as with major roads, train lines, power lines,
             | power plants (including but not limited to nuclear and
             | wind), affordable (i.e. high density) housing etc. etc.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Not all of that. Railways are relatively quiet and very
               | useful, someone living near one will might well use it
               | very frequently.
        
               | monknomo wrote:
               | I have lived near a freight railway, and I assure you
               | they are not quiet
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | I lived near several 80%-passenger railways in England,
               | and they are not silent but they are quieter and less
               | annoying than roads.
               | 
               | Most of the trains were electric, including the freight
               | trains.
        
               | monknomo wrote:
               | US experience is different, with big diesels and
               | primarily freight. I'd rate them as similarly annoying to
               | a divided highway, but I suppose it depends on the region
               | and the specifics
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | There are a million train spotter videos on YouTube, and
               | given the audience I'm unlikely to find one filmed in
               | someone's back garden.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7-wyR316550
               | 
               | (The navy blue trains with yellow 'noses' are high-speed
               | commuter trains, the dark blue, gold and white ones are
               | the high-speed trains to France, the plain white ones are
               | normal-speed commuter trains to London.)
               | 
               | I think the continuously welded rails are the biggest
               | improvement, as they remove most of the "clackety-clack".
               | Instead you get the "hiss", but that's only noticeable
               | from really close.
        
             | jojobas wrote:
             | People buy homes near existing airports with very small
             | discounts for the inconvenience.
        
           | codeulike wrote:
           | what does lmgtfu mean?
        
             | magnio wrote:
             | For every other non-native speaker like me, ttbomk: lmgtfu,
             | let me Google that for you.
        
               | codeulike wrote:
               | Can you do an eli5 of what ttbomk means?
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | "To The Best Of My Knowledge". (I had to Google it, too.)
               | 
               | Or was that an ironic reply?
        
               | polycaster wrote:
               | afaict that was serious
        
             | richardwhiuk wrote:
             | Let Me Google That For U (usually LMGTFY)
        
           | bradley13 wrote:
           | Your definition is accurate, but I think it is incomplete.
           | The stereotypical NIMBY doesn't want something in _their_
           | backyard, but they still want the advantages of it existing.
           | They want it to be place in someone _else 's_ backyard.
           | 
           | People opposing airport construction still want to fly. They
           | just want someone else to have the noise.
        
             | Gare wrote:
             | > People opposing airport construction still want to fly.
             | 
             | Maybe they do in America. But in Europe there's not much
             | need/want of frequent flying for the average citizen.
        
               | bradley13 wrote:
               | In 2022 (according to Statista) there were around 500
               | million passenger-flights, compared to the 800 million in
               | the US. Accounting for population differences, that means
               | that Europeans fly around half as often as USAians. Yes,
               | that is less, but it is still a lot.
        
             | floxy wrote:
             | >People opposing airport construction still want to fly.
             | 
             | In this age of big data, is there a way to quantify this?
             | My gut feeling is that this is a very heavily Pareto-like
             | distribution, with maybe say 5% of the population
             | accounting for 90% of the passenger miles or flight
             | segments. With the majority of the people flying a handful
             | of times (or less) in their life. And even then, "want" is
             | probably a strong qualifier, since I'd also think the
             | majority of the flight miles are for business travel. You
             | may "want" to keep your job, so you have to fly sometimes.
             | If we had to drastically curtail flying in the future, I'm
             | guessing that not too many people are going to regret
             | missing out on the business meetings to Detroit in January,
             | compared to say, vacations in Florida.
        
           | deathanatos wrote:
           | > _as well as support for strict land use regulations._
           | 
           | Perhaps superficially, but no, not necessarily. A large part
           | of the NIMBYism seen in places like SF is opposition to
           | projects that _do_ conform to land use regulation. The entire
           | "by-right" movement is that, if the proposed project is legal
           | (it meets zoning, codes, etc.), then it should be permitted
           | to build. NIMBYs opposed that.
           | 
           | YIMBYs mostly aren't opposed to land use regulations, either.
           | (Wanting to change the zoning of an area, or changes the
           | specifics of the regulations is not "against land use
           | regulations", or treating them any less strictly.)
        
         | II2II wrote:
         | The term NIMBY is thrown around too much. Yes, there are far
         | too many cases where NIMBYism is taken too far. On the other
         | hand, there are legitimate cases.
         | 
         | I lived in a small, fly-in community for a while. I was very
         | close to the airport, and some people had houses within a few
         | hundred meters of the runway. There was noise, but it was
         | managable because there were only a handful of flights per day
         | (none at night) and there were no jets (the airport could
         | handle them, but it was only intended for emergencies). But
         | that is not the type of airport people are talking about here.
         | They are talking about large airports with constant traffic
         | during most hours of the day and night, with the planes
         | typically being larger and much louder. These are the sort of
         | airports that people can expect a significant loss in the
         | quality of life from. I would expect people to be vocal about
         | it.
        
           | revlolz wrote:
           | In my experience as soon as the airport grew to the next
           | stage. Local enforcement agencies begin staging out of the
           | airport and then everyone gets to hear when the sheriff
           | deputy's are getting their night flight hours in. I'm in
           | agreement with you, calling someone a nimby for not wanting
           | an airport near them is unreasonable.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Yeah, NIMBY gets used way too much for I want something and
           | screw anyone who has negative externalities as a result.
        
         | revlolz wrote:
         | The data the author presents spells out that aircraft are still
         | twice as loud as passenger cars at their quietest. The majority
         | of traffic through smaller municipal airports is very loud
         | propeller aircraft. I don't believe it makes anyone a nimby to
         | not want a freaking airport nearby. I don't think anyone should
         | have to live with such disturbances without voting and ample
         | regulations. It should be incredibly difficult to get airports
         | built. The commerce benefits to the town/city come at the
         | direct expense of health and quality living of residents. The
         | article fixates on noise pollution, but what about exposure to
         | cancerous chemicals? Actual pollution from emissions? Traffic
         | consequences?
         | 
         | It's not just some affluent boomer's view or lawn getting
         | impacted. Personally, I never want to live in vicinity of an
         | airport ever again in my life.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | It's a strange piece. Most of the obstacles to airport
         | construction that it describes are nullified by the other
         | obstacles that it also describes.
         | 
         | Airports can't handle the liability they incur because imposing
         | airport noise on housing is a regulatory taking. But also, if
         | you build an airport at such a remove from the city that no
         | housing suffers, housing gets built out toward the airport.
         | 
         | Except of course, it's not a taking if you were there first. If
         | the housing comes to the airport, there's no liability.
         | 
         | Also, airports don't work without being close to their city.
         | When they tried to build Mirabel airport 35 miles from
         | Montreal, it withered and died from being too far away.
         | 
         | This is transparent nonsense; 35 miles is not even a long
         | distance. The airport you use if you live in Santa Cruz is SFO,
         | more than 60 miles away. (There is a closer airport in San
         | Jose, which doesn't go to convenient locations.) It takes a
         | long time to travel between any major airport and its city. HKG
         | is separated from Hong Kong _by the ocean_. A 40 minute drive
         | to the airport is considerably better than is typical now!
         | 
         | If Mirabel withered and died from being 35 miles outside
         | Montreal, that can only be because Montreal's air transport
         | needs were already met.
        
           | michael1999 wrote:
           | Agree. 35 miles was a reasonable buffer for anticipated
           | growth. Mirabel died because immigration patterns shifted
           | from Montreal to Toronto as a result of the FLQ and the 1980
           | secession referendum.
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | > HKG is separated from Hong Kong by the ocean.
           | 
           | Most would say the Victoria Harbour. Do you say that
           | Manhattan is separated from Brooklyn by the ocean? No.
        
         | bradley13 wrote:
         | Sure, this is classic NIMBYism. I understand: we live in a very
         | quiet area, and would certainly oppose something that would
         | dramatically change that.
         | 
         | However, what I do _not_ understand are the people who move
         | next to an existing airport, and then complain about the noise.
         | We used to live near a major, international airport. Planes
         | flew overhead. That noise was implicitly factored into the
         | price we paid, and we certainly had zero room to complain. But
         | lots of people did anyway, soaking up lots of time and money
         | that would have been better spent elsewhere.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | When I lived in San Diego, I worked near the military airport
           | now known as MCAS Miramar. My coworkers and I were honestly
           | stunned by the people who sued after moving in nearby
           | claiming that they had no idea the place they filmed Top Gun
           | would be that noisy.
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | A better idea: Tear down the old MCAS Miramar and build
             | housing and parks. Rebuild the airbase in Nevada or the
             | California desert. Yes, it was bad planning to allow so
             | many residences to be built near an airbase, but too late
             | to undo it now.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | You're welcome to lobby your congress members for that
               | but until the military says they're moving it's a mistake
               | to buy a house there if you can't live with the noise.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | This is called "coming to the nuisance"[1] and in most
           | jurisdictions the complainers have no case.
           | 
           | I'm sure it doesn't stop them from trying though. Reid-
           | Hillview airport[2] in San Jose has been there since the
           | 1930's, long before anyone who currently lives there, yet is
           | constantly under attack by residents and threatened with
           | closing.
           | 
           | 1: https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/coming_to_the_nuisance
           | 
           | 2: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reid-Hillview_Airport
        
             | joncrocks wrote:
             | How many planes were taking off in 1930 vs. today?
             | 
             | If you bought a residence in 1930, are you never allowed to
             | complain?
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_frog#As_metaphor
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | I think if you bought a residence near the existing
               | airport, any time after said airport was built, knowing
               | full well there is an airport there, you should not be
               | able to complain that there is an airport there.
        
           | joncrocks wrote:
           | Playing Devil's advocate, air travel is a much larger
           | business than it used to be.
           | 
           | Over time the number of flights, size of aircraft and time of
           | flights can change. This can lead to increased disruption
           | over time. It's not unreasonable to complain about an
           | unexpected increase in disruption.
           | 
           | You can factor some of this into the price, but you can't
           | factor in unknown-unknowns.
        
           | bell-cot wrote:
           | Sadly, that sort of entitled idiocy (move next to an
           | existing, then complain) is definitely not limited to
           | airports. It doesn't matter if it's other nearby
           | infrastructure (major roads, railroads, power lines,
           | whatever), or lack of infrastructure (water, sewer, flood
           | control, etc.), or the nicely-maintained vacant lot next
           | door, or what.
        
           | ejb999 wrote:
           | people will complain about anything - in my very little town,
           | about 25% of the roads are not paved. People would move into
           | town, buy a house on a dirt road and then come to the town
           | council to complain that their road was not paved.
        
       | ZanyProgrammer wrote:
       | General aviation is in decline, so really there's no need to
       | build new airports.
        
         | class3shock wrote:
         | Based on what? It got hammered in covid but is back in a big
         | way now.
        
           | ZanyProgrammer wrote:
           | _general_ aviation, small airports have been closing down for
           | years. It's not a growing hobby.
        
             | filleduchaos wrote:
             | I mean, in that case the original point doesn't quite make
             | any sense. The article is very clearly discussing the
             | larger airports associated with commercial aviation.
        
             | alt227 wrote:
             | So by general aviation, you mean flying lessons?
        
             | class3shock wrote:
             | TIL general aviation = non-commercial civilian aviation
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_aviation
        
         | cse463 wrote:
         | I think air travel is becoming more popular actually.
        
       | soared wrote:
       | Very interesting read - would love to see something similar on
       | why Denver's airport rebuild/expansion has been such a disaster.
       | 
       | 2 years after the start, a 34 year $650MM+ contract was ended -
       | https://denverite.com/2023/04/21/dia-great-hall-audit/
        
         | Beijinger wrote:
         | 2 years? Let the guys in Berlin handle it for 10 years and then
         | you dream of Denver guys.
        
       | xrd wrote:
       | Very interesting to see how the noise of jet engines declined
       | significantly. While reading the article I kept thinking, it
       | feels like investing in noise reduction would really pay off, and
       | then a few paragraphs later, there it was.
       | 
       | I'm also intrigued by small airports, like the one in Rio, Santos
       | Dumont. The shortest runways in the world.
       | 
       | If you could reduce noise and control pollution, it is very nice
       | to have an airport accessible by mass transit, like in Portland,
       | Oregon. Feels like a sweet spot for government intervention.
        
         | eitally wrote:
         | Some small airports made sense at the time they were built, but
         | no more (either because planes are bigger now or because
         | construction around the airport was not adequately restricted
         | in ensuing decades. Congonhas in Sao Paulo is an example of
         | this, where it can only handle smaller domestic flights now
         | because of the way the city has grown around it.
         | 
         | Here's a satellite photo:
         | https://static.wixstatic.com/media/a27d24_a65c83caab794facb0...
         | 
         | (it would be like when you're landing at Reagan airport in DC
         | and descending over the water... except that it's skyscrapers)
        
           | rob74 wrote:
           | ...and here's a story about Congonhas airport:
           | 
           | https://admiralcloudberg.medium.com/culture-of-chaos-the-
           | cra...
           | 
           | which reminds me: maybe people don't oppose airports just
           | because of the noise, maybe they're also worried about plane
           | crashes (I know the chance is low, but probably much higher
           | for those living near an airport than for the average
           | passenger).
        
             | eitally wrote:
             | I have several Brazilian friends (mostly in/around
             | Campinas) in SP state who refuse to fly in/out of Congonhas
             | because of that risk. Thankfully now Viracopa is even more
             | convenient and nicer.
             | 
             | Honestly, the irritating thing for Americans flying to
             | Brazil is the frequent need to fly into either Rio or SP
             | and then domestically transfer to the other, due to paucity
             | of flight options [at reasonable prices].
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Yet, airlines fight deary for slots at Congonhas, because
           | lots of people want really badly to land there.
           | 
           | The same can be said for Santos Dumont, that requires
           | specially adapted planes, with reduced capacity to fly there.
           | Or Pampulha that is more extreme, and airlines keep entire
           | models of planes on their fleet just so they can fly there.
        
         | rikafurude21 wrote:
         | Going from 120-110 down to 100-90 isnt really a significant
         | decline, it went from unbearably torturous to really annoying.
         | Airports nowadays still create significant noise pollution in
         | their surroundings.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Yes, from the graph it seems we've almost reached the
           | asymptote and noise isn't going down much from here.
        
           | marcinzm wrote:
           | >it went from unbearably torturous to really annoying
           | 
           | That's like saying the difference between getting stabbed and
           | pushed isn't big since both are physical assaults. It is. 120
           | is at the level of ear injury and pain even in the short
           | duration of a takeoff. 90 isn't.
        
           | seper8 wrote:
           | You are aware that DB is a logarithmic scale?
        
           | class3shock wrote:
           | I'm not going to say 100db isn't loud but db is a logarithmic
           | scale, so even 110 down to 100 isn't a 9% reduction but an
           | order of magnitude drop. Literally the difference between a
           | jackhammer and a nail gun.
           | 
           | Sound drops 4x for each 2x increase in distance from the
           | source. So another way to put it is, if you cut sound by 10x,
           | you are cutting the distance of severely noise polluted area
           | around by more than 4x.
        
         | traceroute66 wrote:
         | > Very interesting to see how the noise of jet engines declined
         | significantly.
         | 
         | I know people who used to live under the flightpath of Concorde
         | arrivals/departures.
         | 
         | Lets just say they were very happy when Concorde was retired
         | from service. ;-)
        
           | silvestrov wrote:
           | Obligatory YouTube movie from 2007:
           | https://youtu.be/i1ShTUVIzCI?t=41
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | I wonder if open (unducted) fans (if they catch on) like the
         | CFM RISE will reverse this trend.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojVNOj-q3SQ
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkHKet7rp4o
        
       | throwaway4good wrote:
       | I don't have the numbers but I bet if you picked examples from
       | China instead the story would be different: It is much easier to
       | build today than it was in the past in terms of the actual
       | building work.
       | 
       | What is getting harder and more time consuming in certain places
       | is the regulation and the processes around building a large piece
       | of infrastructure.
        
       | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
       | The new Nancy Bird Walton airport in western Sydney is
       | interesting. The existing airport is very close to the CBD and
       | residential areas, and completely hemmed in by those and the bay
       | it sits next to, so has little room to expand. It's also subject
       | to a strict curfew being so close to residential areas.
       | 
       | The new airport is huge, being built at an impressive speed, and
       | is going to be on a new metro line (which strangely doesn't link
       | up to the existing metro lines in Sydney, and won't have a direct
       | non-stop rail link). It's being built in a location that's
       | currently "the middle of nowhere" so that it has scope to expand
       | (they're currently building about half of what's already been
       | planned for).
        
         | showerst wrote:
         | Sounds very similar to Dulles in Washington DC. We eventually
         | ran a rail line to it, and it eventually wasn't the middle of
         | nowhere any more.
         | 
         | Hopefully the rail link takes less than 60 years in your case
         | =)
        
           | rmccue wrote:
           | Sydney Metro is being expanded out to it; construction's
           | already underway, and is targeted at opening at the same time
           | as the airport:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Sydney_Airport_line
        
             | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
             | Yeah, but it doesn't link up with the M1 line so there's no
             | interchange. Also the rolling stock isn't compatible as it
             | uses a different power system to the other lines, and the
             | trains are a slightly different size making them
             | incompatible with the M1/2 lines
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | Similar to our Airport in Calgary, AB. They built a tunnel
           | under a new runway as part of their expansion, including
           | specific right-of-way for rail extension from the downtown,
           | and still there's nothing connecting it. Meanwhile they're
           | going to drive a train right through the downtown core,
           | connecting a light industrial area to the south with a ritzy
           | residential area to the north, rather than the relatively
           | easy and inexpensive line extension to the airport. I think a
           | requirement of being a world-class city is you can take
           | direct mass transit from the airport to the downtown core,
           | but not here.
        
           | Cheer2171 wrote:
           | Dulles is very much still in the middle of nowhere for me. It
           | takes an hour to go from Capitol Hill to Dulles on the Silver
           | Line, usually longer or about the same time than driving in
           | rush hour. It is 11 minutes to DCA on the Yellow Line. What
           | has made Dulles not the middle of nowhere is the growth in
           | the Northwest VA suburbs, Reston, Ashburn, all those server
           | farms and defense contractors shifting the center of gravity
           | in the DC region.
        
         | sidewndr46 wrote:
         | This sounds like Australia hired some consultants from the US
         | for the design. In particular the metro to nowhere part.
        
         | uncertainrhymes wrote:
         | Several times my flight from LA to Sydney would get a good
         | tailwind, arrive early, then just circle out in the ocean so
         | they could land after 6:30 am and avoid a giant fine.
        
       | badgersnake wrote:
       | It's nice that they've improved the noise issue, but there are a
       | bunch of other environmental problems with airport construction
       | and aviation generally which have not been solved and there
       | doesn't seem much interest in solving.
       | 
       | It's probably for the best it's hard to build airports whilst
       | that remains the case.
        
       | Cheer2171 wrote:
       | > As air travel greatly expanded in the 1960s and 70s, there were
       | "no more virulent domestic conflicts... in the advanced
       | industrial world than those over airport construction."
       | 
       | I can't keep reading this article seriously. Civil rights
       | movements are the obvious domestic conflict at the time, but even
       | in transportation this is wrong. There were huge conflicts in
       | "highway revolts" [1] or conflicts over suburbanization, urban
       | renewal, and how much of the city to turn over to cars. The kind
       | of thing Robert Moses started but governments around the
       | developed world were doing in these decades. Governments siezed
       | entire neighborhoods deemed to be "slums" to build a highway so
       | suburban commuters could have an easier commute downtown.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway_revolt
        
       | jorisboris wrote:
       | When building https://randomairport.onrender.com/ I noticed that
       | US and Euro airports always look very different
       | 
       | Somehow US airports always seem to be surrounded by densely
       | populated residential areas, even in the direction of the
       | runways, while Euro airports don't seem to have this problem. And
       | secondly Us airports always seem to take huge plots of land
       | compared to Euro airports.
       | 
       | My assumption is that Us cities are just bigger, both in
       | population and in the amount of surface they claim (lower
       | population density)
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | Most US airports were built early before we had the current
         | population. When they began as airports, they were mostly on
         | the periphery, with exceptions.
        
         | DarkNova6 wrote:
         | Actually, apart from the largest US cities your average
         | european city is larger. The US doesn't even have 10 cities
         | which are above 1 million people.
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | That's only if you count within strict city limits. Metro
           | areas, not to mention MSAs consists of larger pops.
        
             | alephxyz wrote:
             | Right. That factoid is only true because cities in the US
             | tend to avoid mergers.
             | 
             | The US had 62 statistical areas with a pop. over a million
             | in 2020 (plus San Juan, PR).
        
           | Beijinger wrote:
           | "The US doesn't even have 10 cities which are above 1 million
           | people. reply"
           | 
           | I did not believe this and googled it. It is true.
           | 
           | 1 Million would be tiny in China. Province.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | There is no significance in counting only the people within
             | an arbitrary geographic boundary that is a city's legal
             | jurisdiction.
             | 
             | An airport serves a metropolitan region, composed of many
             | cities, and there are at least 50 with 1M+ people.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | Counting "city population" is nearly a pointless exercise.
             | What matters is the metro area, otherwise you get some
             | pretty useless results. Austin, TX is tenth by city size in
             | the US, with just under a million people, while San
             | Francisco is 17th, with about 800k. But Austin is a much
             | bigger percentage of the total Austin metro area, while the
             | Bay area is ~8-10 million people total. As such, SF feels
             | like a much bigger city in nearly every capacity.
        
               | _fizz_buzz_ wrote:
               | Yeah, it is basically always is a bit pointless without
               | context. Same with e.g. Paris. Paris itself is "tiny".
               | But Ile-de-France (the Paris region) has over 12 million
               | people.
        
               | walthamstow wrote:
               | Another one: just 7000 people live in the City of London
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | And Vatican has population of 524... With Rome's
               | metropolitan area being 4,3 million... But maybe that is
               | stupid comparison.
        
               | kirubakaran wrote:
               | Vatican also has 5.9 Popes per square mile, highest in
               | the world
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | This is disingenuous; "City of London" is a tiny, central
               | district of London.
               | 
               | It is most emphatically NOT "London, the city", in
               | exactly the same way that Civic center is not the city of
               | San Francisco.
               | 
               | It's just confusingly named.
        
               | walthamstow wrote:
               | There is no other definition of London, the city. There's
               | the Greater London region, which is 9m people, but that's
               | it.
               | 
               | Parliament, for example, is in the City of Westminster,
               | one of 32 boroughs which (+ the City) make up Greater
               | London.
        
               | notatoad wrote:
               | When normal people talk about a city, they're talking
               | about an urban area under the jurisdiction of a mayor and
               | city council. that's exactly what "greater london" is, so
               | when people talk about a city called London it's safe to
               | assume they mean the 32 boroughs.
               | 
               | "the city of london" is just a confusingly named area
               | inside a city called "London", it's not a city.
        
               | mtalantikite wrote:
               | Sure, but Paris is also one of the most densely populated
               | cities in the world, so Paris proper feels large even
               | though it's only, what, 2 million people or so?
        
               | mtalantikite wrote:
               | I'm not sure I'm following, are you saying that SF feels
               | bigger than Austin because of the surrounding metro area?
               | I guess I'd assume that feeling is from population
               | density (SF being 18.5k/sq mi vs 3k/sq mi in Austin),
               | rather than the metro area. But maybe that's because I'm
               | a new yorker that doesn't have a license, so cities to me
               | are what I can get to on foot, which means the denser
               | they are the more like a real city it feels to me.
        
             | rockostrich wrote:
             | Part of it is our definition of cities versus metro areas.
             | Boston's population is technically only 650k but Boston
             | proper doesn't even include Cambridge which is like not
             | including one of the boroughs when talking about NYC's
             | population.
             | 
             | Granted, we still have a lot less metro areas with over 1
             | million people but there are still ~50 of them.
        
               | dividefuel wrote:
               | Is this something fairly unique to the US or do other
               | countries do this too? that is, having a city boundary
               | that's relatively small compared to the metro area.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | I don't know if it's common to other countries, but a big
               | factor in the US is race and class. There was a ton of
               | "white flight" in the US starting in the 60s with white
               | middle class and above fleeing cities to the suburbs. As
               | such, they specifically _did not want_ their adjacent
               | town to be annexed by the major city.
               | 
               | In plays out pretty comically in Austin TX in my opinion.
               | You have these teeny affluent enclaves (search for
               | "Sunset Valley", "Rollingwood" and "Westlake Hills"
               | near/inside Austin) that anyone else would consider "part
               | of Austin", but they don't vote in city elections or pay
               | city taxes (but they certainly take advantage of all the
               | benefits of being close to Austin...)
        
               | Al-Khwarizmi wrote:
               | In Spain it happens as well. The official city population
               | numbers quoted by most sources are actually the
               | population of the city's municipality. Sometimes
               | municipalities are large, including rural areas and small
               | towns close to the city, while other times they are
               | smaller and leave outside areas that are effectively
               | boroughs of the city (you walk down a street and are in a
               | different municipality, without even going through any
               | non-urban area). Some years ago there was a project to
               | merge municipalities, focusing especially on cases like
               | that, but it failed spectacularly because it required
               | consent from all municipalities involved and the smaller
               | ones never wanted to merge (partly because it's
               | advantageous for them to not pay big city taxes but still
               | use their services, but I suspect mainly because mayors
               | don't want to just give up their position and go find
               | another job).
               | 
               | This makes rankings by population rather biased and
               | spawns many endless discussions on whether city X is
               | bigger than its rival city Y (and sometimes it might
               | actually have real-life consequences, say, when the
               | central government comes up with some funds for cities of
               | size greater than some threshold).
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Well, Paris is either very dense or not very depending on
               | what arrondissements you're counting. London has The
               | City, that doesn't even have many residents and then
               | there's really the city core and greater London.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | That's fairly common in France. Most "big cities" aren't
               | _that_ populous by themselves, but the metro area has
               | much more people.
        
               | NegativeLatency wrote:
               | The US went really hard on cars and single family
               | housing. Without a lot of older cities in many places the
               | surrounding land was cheap so people spread out (also due
               | to racist zoning laws, "stimulating the economy", general
               | greed, etc it's kinda hard to point to a single reason).
               | 
               | https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2020/4/27/this-is-
               | the-en...
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It really depends on a number of factors:
               | 
               | * Age of the city
               | 
               | * Natural boundaries (rivers, mountains)
               | 
               | * How government is setup, in some countries (and in some
               | areas of countries) many things are done at the city
               | level, others bump a lot up to county, state, or even
               | country government. The USA manages schools at the city
               | or below, and so city boundaries become well-fought over.
               | 
               | Whenever you see "Unified" you're seeing something built
               | out of smaller, usually city-related, parts.
        
             | throwup238 wrote:
             | That's because Chinese cities are bigger than US counties
             | let alone individual cities.
             | 
             | If you look at the list of most dense "cities proper" [1]
             | China doesn't even make the list because all of their
             | cities include huge swathes of rural land. Beijing for
             | example is over 6,000 square miles while NYC is only 300 sq
             | mi and the city of LA is only 470 sq mi.
             | 
             | The US has dozens of counties with more than a million
             | people [2] and most are much smaller than Beijing or other
             | Chinese cities. The only city that is comparable to an
             | American one is Hong Kong, the rest are _much_ bigger.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_proper_b
             | y_pop...
             | 
             | [2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_most_populo
             | us_co...
        
           | sremani wrote:
           | You are missing the forest for the trees. US cities are
           | smaller in a pedantic sense. That is why planners and
           | intelligent people use Metro area statistics for population,
           | traffic, infrastructure planning etc.
           | 
           | Dallas population about 1 million. Dallas metro - 7.7
           | million. This is an important distinction missed out.
        
             | werdnapk wrote:
             | That just goes to show you how sparse american cities are
             | built... the sprawl just builds up outside of the city with
             | low density.
        
               | 0cf8612b2e1e wrote:
               | Not that I disagree with the sprawl assessment, it's just
               | that I think many cities have comically small boundaries
               | on the map.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | The sprawl isn't always low density. Normally it is but
               | some have dense areas.
        
             | dotps1 wrote:
             | European airports have train service to most destinations.
             | 
             | Nobody cares if the airport is 45 minutes away because
             | going back and forth is made seamlessly easy, and you can
             | eat or read the news during the trip.
        
         | traceroute66 wrote:
         | > US airports always seem to be surrounded by densely populated
         | residential areas
         | 
         | The US in general is very densely built up. The distinct lack
         | of green space in US cities is very noticeable to the non-US
         | observer.
         | 
         | So I think its more of a case that US airports are surrounded
         | by "less" densely populated areas.
         | 
         | > And secondly Us airports always seem to take huge plots of
         | land compared to Euro airports.
         | 
         | With the exception of the limited number of buildings of
         | historical interest, In general the US doesn't do history in
         | its buildings. They'll happily tear stuff down and build a
         | shiny new thing in its place.
         | 
         | As I understand it the whole concept of green belt / urban
         | conservation is also fairly minimal in the US mentality, so
         | large land grabs for building and expansion of airports are
         | easier in the US.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, in Europe, most airports have history and grew
         | organically. And the whole green belt / urban conservation
         | thing is much stronger in Europe. For example, London Heathrow
         | started off life as a single grass runway with a few simple
         | buildings and grew organically over time. Its growth ultimately
         | limited by the city that grew around it, and so you end up with
         | for example the present controversial discussion over the
         | possibility of a third runway. I would hazard a guess that if
         | Heathrow were in the US, the third runway would have been built
         | and operational by now !
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | > The distinct lack of green space in US cities is very
           | noticeable to the non-US observer.
           | 
           | Huh? I felt the exact opposite in France. Many French cities
           | have a bunch of nice parks, but everything else is wall-to-
           | wall pavement. I always felt the common refrain about there
           | being dog shit all over Paris is because on many streets
           | there is barely a patch of grass for a dog to even go, so if
           | you have a rude person that doesn't clean up, the shit is
           | going to be where you're much more likely to step on it.
        
             | danpalmer wrote:
             | I think it's less about the inner cities and more about the
             | suburbs. In the US there are certainly lots of little bits
             | of curb with plants on, but little in the way of large
             | useful green space.
             | 
             | Comparing the LA metro area to almost any European city,
             | it's stark how much more unused or usable green space there
             | is in Europe. The US seems much more binary - you're either
             | in a city, or you're outside one, it's not like the US is
             | lacking green space at a national level!
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | Yeah but compare the San Diego metro area just a little
               | south and it's overwhelmingly full of green space. I live
               | in SD proper and there's several open space parks within
               | walking distance that are measured in the square miles
               | with tens of miles of trails each, not to mention the
               | recreational parks in every neighborhood and kids parks
               | that are every few blocks. The suburb cities in the
               | county have even more open space and the center of the
               | city has a large central park as its primary feature.
               | 
               | YMMV significantly depending on the specific metro area.
               | The suburbs of Seattle like Bellevue and Richmond were
               | like that too - full of large parks and natural reserves
               | everywhere.
        
               | tomcam wrote:
               | > suburbs of Seattle like Bellevue and Richmond
               | 
               | Redmond?
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Part of it is people not recognizing "San Diego
               | greenspace" because it's mostly brownspace. San Diego is
               | built on a huge sprawling system of canyons, many of
               | which are parks and have trails, but they're brown and
               | ignored.
               | 
               | https://www.alltrails.com/lists/san-diego-canyons
               | 
               | If San Diego was as wet as some European cities, those
               | would all be amazingly green.
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | I think people's perception is colored by coming out of
               | the decades long drought in the California megacycle.
               | We're back into the wet part of the cycle and everything
               | is vibrant green now!
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | Well, vibrant and green for another 2 months maybe.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | European cities are nicer about having a manicured park
               | but not an actually useful park beyond sitting with a
               | book or a smoke perhaps. LA metro area (and a lot of
               | american style in general) parks are chock full of
               | amenities europeans would be lucky to have. For example
               | look at Pan Pacific Park. Three baseball fields. A soccer
               | field. A rec center. Playgrounds. A couple tennis courts.
               | A public pool. A library branch. A post office. A
               | holocaust museum. Bathrooms. Exercise equipment. Picnic
               | tables and grills. And yes, plenty of grass for sitting
               | with a book or a smoke too.
               | 
               | Then there are also much bigger parks with some hiking
               | trails through more natural/unmanaged areas like griffith
               | park or the sepulveda dam area or the hansen dam area,
               | that also have all of these amenities (save for the
               | holocaust museum) and even more. Sepulveda dam has
               | archery, a rocket launch pad, and a model aircraft field.
               | Hansen dam also has the archery but also a lot of
               | equestrian activity and people keep horses in the area.
               | 
               | To act like the greenspace is not available or unusuable
               | doesn't speak to what is actually there for use today.
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | I live in Paris and was recently in the US, and I
             | _strongly_ disagree - US cities have much less greenery, be
             | it trees on the streets, mini parks or big parks. Most
             | French cities have parks all over the place, and in general
             | lots of squares with trees, random trees on the streets,
             | etc.
        
               | drstewart wrote:
               | I live in the US and was recently and Paris and I
               | strongly much more disagree. Paris was claustrophobic it
               | was such an urban hellscape. There's a reason Haussmann
               | wanted to raze it to the ground.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | He did raze much of it to the ground, and created a
               | number of parks and two forests in the process, as well
               | as trees on pretty much any new street. Even the very old
               | (medieval) parts like the Latin Quarter and Marais have
               | mini parks all around.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Cities in the USA do not have many things like big parks
             | (Central Park in NY, Balboa Park in SD) but what they _do_
             | have is a lot more grass next to the sidewalk type of
             | greenery, except areas that are dense enough that they 've
             | all died (like LA near the airport).
        
           | NegativeLatency wrote:
           | Haven't spent a lot of time on the US east coast but on the
           | US west coast we have low density sprawl with also not that
           | many parks.
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | Western US generally has a huge edge on the east in terms
             | of parkland. Both in terms of urban parks that can be quite
             | substantial in size and amenities offered (e.g. golden gate
             | park in SF or griffith park in LA, about 2x and 5x larger
             | than central park in nyc, respectively), but also the vast
             | amount of acreage that is either nature preserves or
             | publicly owned state or federal land. 80% of nevada is
             | federal land. In Las Vegas, you can go from gambling at
             | caesars palace to hiking in red rock canyon in about a half
             | hour maybe even less. Also in California at least, the
             | coast is public land, you can sunbath on the sand in front
             | of multimilliondollar malibu estates just fine. In the east
             | many beaches are actually private property, and depending
             | on the state this could even be most of them.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | What you want are local parks you can walk to, so you can
               | go out for a walk in the park. I don't see much of that
               | in San Francisco, there are some parks but they haven't
               | put local parks in every neighborhood as you would need.
               | 
               | The cities I am used to have parks at most 100 meters
               | away from any home and a pretty large park 200 meters
               | away, then anyone can go out and enjoy the park. San
               | Francisco on the other hand seems to require driving to
               | the park, but there isn't enough parking for everyone to
               | enjoy the park anyway so most people don't have
               | reasonable access, not comparable at all, the parks are
               | giant though but they don't do anything for local
               | neighborhoods. New York is kinda bad at local parks as
               | well, but much better than San Francisco.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | SF is one of the best ones in fact. In SF in particular,
               | every resident lives a 10 minute walk to a park. They
               | have 220 of them.
        
               | NegativeLatency wrote:
               | I was thinking more about how it's not very easy to walk
               | to many parks. Most of the park area I'm aware of is more
               | of a "you have to drive X miles" instead of being able to
               | walk by or through a park on my way somewhere.
        
           | hn72774 wrote:
           | > The US in general is very densely built up
           | 
           | Sprawl might be the word you are looking for. US is only #186
           | in population density by country. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/
           | wiki/List_of_countries_and_depend...
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Comparing the US to countries is very misleading, because
             | there are huge areas with no people which should be
             | ignored. The density of Wyoming pulls down California, and
             | California itself is so large that the central section
             | pulls down the coasts.
             | 
             | For example, density of Southern California is 420.39/sq
             | mi, but the density of the LA Metro area is 541.1/sq mi.
             | Density of California is 253.52/sq mi, and the USA is 87/sq
             | mi.
             | 
             | Southern California is roughly the size of Greece, with a
             | population double of it.
             | 
             | When comparing the USA to Europe, it's better to compare
             | states. The US is less dense, but you can ignore huge
             | swaths of "flyover country".
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | > The US in general is very densely built up.
           | 
           | This is the opposite of reality. The US is sprawly and low
           | density.
           | 
           | Of course, that's exactly the problem: sprawling over more
           | space means that it's harder to get to open space for an
           | airport.
        
         | busterarm wrote:
         | The US has 14 of the 35 busiest airports in the world. Europe
         | has 6, if you count the UK/Heathrow.
         | 
         | If you discount Heathrow, Europe doesn't even have one in the
         | top 10, whereas the US has 5 in the top 10.
         | 
         | The airports are different because the traffic volume is
         | different.
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | > If you discount Heathrow, Europe doesn't even have one in
           | the top 10, whereas the US has 5 in the top 10.
           | 
           | What a silly statement. "Europe doesn't have one in the top
           | 10 if you remove its one entry in the top 10."
        
             | busterarm wrote:
             | The UK has a long history of trying to distinguish itself
             | from Europe. Even before Brexit.
             | 
             | Had I not said what I said, I would have just as likely
             | have had angry Brits in my comments.
             | 
             | You're also really missing the forest for the trees here.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Considering population and size I'd expect more. It would
             | be interesting to see what is different that they don't
             | have more.
        
               | ulucs wrote:
               | Trains take a lot of passengers away from air travel
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | > Considering population and size I'd expect more.
               | 
               | London has like four major airports:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airports_of_London
        
               | drstewart wrote:
               | So does New York and LA. Not special.
        
             | ulucs wrote:
             | Not even that, Istanbul airport is in the top 10 too. Maybe
             | he meant EU? But that's not really Europe as a whole
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Only half of Istanbul is in Europe (yes, the side with
               | the Airport) and the other half and the rest of the
               | country is Anatolia/Asia Minor.
               | 
               | Turkey has many of the political markers of being in
               | Europe but is really a unique situation and its leaders
               | like to take the best of being European and not-European
               | where it suits them.
               | 
               | Do most people consider it a European country? Doubtful.
               | I've never known any Turks who considered themselves
               | European...even the super cosmopolitain globe-trotting
               | kids of Turkish diplomats that I grew up around.
        
               | ulucs wrote:
               | What political markers? IST is in Europe, and SAW is not.
               | We are talking about airports in continents.
        
         | arnon wrote:
         | The US has no alternative forms of transport. Taking an
         | airplane is the most convenient way.
         | 
         | In Germany, Italy, Switzerland, France, and the UK taking a
         | train is faster and more convenient (even if more expensive
         | often)
        
           | vel0city wrote:
           | The distances involved often lend themselves to air travel
           | being more convenient even if there are trains. There's a
           | sweet spot for distance where trains make the most sense, but
           | after that a plane will end up being faster even with all the
           | dead time at the airport.
           | 
           | I live in Dallas. Door to door, a train would be faster and
           | more convenient than a plane for me to go to Houston or
           | Austin. A direct flight will _always_ be faster and more
           | convenient for me to go to Denver, San Francisco, Chicago,
           | New York, Orlando, Seattle, etc.
           | 
           | Dallas to New York is ~1,400mi. That's like Madrid to Warsaw.
           | It'll take me ~6 hours everything included to go that
           | distance by plane. What's the travel itinerary for Madrid to
           | Warsaw? Is it direct (same level of convenience)? Is it
           | faster?
        
             | jon_richards wrote:
             | Some context, the Beijing-Kunming high-speed train takes 10
             | hours 43 minutes (including 6 intermediate stops) to travel
             | 1,710 mi.
        
           | pchristensen wrote:
           | The US is also much, much bigger. Germany is about the size
           | of Nevada. France is about the size of the entire Eastern
           | seaboard.
           | 
           | The US would definitely be better served with better rail
           | infrastructure, but there's no getting around the fact that
           | Seattle to Boston is 200 miles longer than Lisbon to Moscow,
           | and slightly longer than Edinburgh to Aleppo.
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | If you look east of the Mississippi, the overall population
             | densities aren't really that bad, and should be able to
             | support high speed rail easily.
             | 
             | ...except for the fact that _within_ metro areas, US cities
             | are designed in a very sprawly way that 's hostile to
             | public transit. This is an entirely unforced error that has
             | nothing to do with geography and everything to do with
             | culture. We deliberately chose to make our cities sprawly
             | as fuck through various regulations.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | A park and ride high speed rail system in those cities
               | would probably stand on its own if it actually does save
               | you time and cost.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | Park and rides are somewhat of a stopgap measure. You
               | really need walking/biking/bussing to rail to be
               | effective last/first-mile options, in order for rail to
               | be effective and popular too.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | Its not perfect but that doesn't mean its the enemy of
               | good, it can do a lot to reduce trips. Its also a drop in
               | replacement for how a lot of people presently use their
               | airports with long term economy parking lots, and it
               | makes it a lot easier to justify connecting that up with
               | more substantial transport down the line once you have
               | that initial park and ride station.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | Yeah I'm not against them, but it's very much a modest,
               | incremental measure, like going from no bike lanes to
               | painted bike lanes in the door zone.
               | 
               | You need much bigger changes to truly make HSR viable
               | imo.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | I imagine most anywhere that would get an hsr would also
               | have a present day bus system that can have routing
               | better oriented to serve the new infrastructure. Bike
               | lanes are always nice but I imagine not very many people
               | are going to want to start their inter city trip with
               | luggage in tow trying to lug that around on a bike.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | You might be surprised. High speed rail isn't always
               | about trips where you need a lot of luggage, and cargo
               | bikes are popular in places with good bike
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | Of course, the number of places with actually "good" bike
               | infrastructure isn't very high. There's the
               | Netherlands...and that's about it. And even the
               | Netherlands doesn't really have "great" bike
               | infrastructure as a standard (though it does have it in
               | some places).
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | The Acela corridor is well suited for HSR. A few years
               | ago Amtrak was trying to divest its long haul routes that
               | lose money and reinvest in upgrading Acela, which would
               | make it profitable. Unfortunately the plan fell through
               | for political reasons.
        
         | KineticLensman wrote:
         | > Somehow US airports always seem to be surrounded by densely
         | populated residential areas, even in the direction of the
         | runways, while Euro airports don't seem to have this problem
         | 
         | London Heathrow is entirely hemmed in by surrounding urban
         | areas. Flights landing at Heathrow fly directly over central
         | London (with great views of iconic buildings).
         | 
         | It is technically possible to extend the runways somewhat but
         | actually doing so is a planning / political nightmare. Heathrow
         | is located just inside the M25 (the main London orbital
         | motorway) immediately adjacent to the junction of the M25 and
         | the M4 (the busy motorway that goes West from London). So not
         | only is Heathrow virtually impossible to expand, it's in an
         | area known for its horrendous rush-hour traffic. It does have a
         | railway connection to central London, but this is a partially
         | underground line with multiple stops (every few minutes in
         | practice). Journeys to Heathrow from most places in the UK can
         | be horrendous.
         | 
         | Gatwick, London's second airport, is ~30 miles South of the
         | city, and does have reasonably fast rail connections. Gatwick
         | does have space for a new runway, but lots of factors have
         | prevented this.
        
           | dabeeeenster wrote:
           | Heathrow has had the Heathrow express train for years and
           | years, and now also has the Elizabeth line; both very quick
           | to get into C London.
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | > Heathrow express train for years and years, and now also
             | has the Elizabeth line; both very quick to get into C
             | London.
             | 
             | Yes, my mistake. Haven't tried the Elizabeth line. These
             | _do_ help if you are travelling to  / from London but
             | getting to Heathrow from the South West remains
             | challenging. My nearest station is Brockenhurst (which
             | although small is on a London mainline). It's 80 miles by
             | road, or by rail, a 2h 10 minute journey (with typically 2
             | to 4 changes, longest is 2 hrs 40 mins) that would cost
             | PS87 (!) travelling tomorrow off-peak. Not fun with
             | suitcase.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Making a runway longer only lets bigger planes land.
           | 
           | To really expand an airport, you need to _add_ parallel
           | runways, and that is a ton of land.
           | 
           | And if you have too many parallel runways, you end up with
           | too much time spent taxiing around.
        
         | 7952 wrote:
         | A lot of British airports emerged out of WWII air bases. I am
         | not sure how they were chosen exactly. But they probably wanted
         | places that were flat, dry and grassy with lots of space. They
         | could have considered proximity to places that needed to be
         | defended or suitability for launching attacks. And they knew
         | that airfields were likely to be bombed.
        
       | po wrote:
       | If you fly into Tokyo you might come in via Narita Airport (NRT)
       | which is actually quite a distance out from tokyo. Violence is
       | extremely uncommon in modern Japan but NRT was the site of
       | violent resistance over several decades.
       | 
       | Opposition forces killed several police officers, rioted on
       | several occasions and constructed a giant 200 ft tower to
       | interfere with test flights. Hundreds of acts of vandalism have
       | occurred over the years, even into recent times.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanrizuka_Struggle
        
         | blamazon wrote:
         | The next couple airports in Japan to be built were built over
         | water on artificial islands:
         | 
         | Kansai International:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansai_International_Airport
         | 
         | Kobe: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe_Airport
         | 
         | Kitakyushu: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitakyushu_Airport
         | 
         | Chubu International:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chubu_Centrair_International_A...
        
         | pbsladek wrote:
         | If flying into NRT and on the way to Tokyo, ~$200ish for the
         | taxi ride. Ooops.
        
           | busterarm wrote:
           | Keisei Skyliner and Narita Express are 1/10th of the cost and
           | twice as fast.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | There is a train though which even people on expense accounts
           | usually take.
        
             | pbsladek wrote:
             | I expensed the taxi. It was 1am. Train another 2-2.5
             | hours..
             | 
             | It's Japan. Obviously I knew about the train lol. Their
             | trains are awesome!
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | That must have been an unusual situation, as Narita
               | closes at 23.00.
        
               | pbsladek wrote:
               | It was. Been back other times in the morning and
               | afternoon and took the train. Easy peasy.
        
           | ruszki wrote:
           | Taxi is not the main way to leave airports in large part of
           | the world.
        
             | masklinn wrote:
             | It definitely is not for narita, NEX brings you to Tokyo in
             | an hour.
        
               | eloisant wrote:
               | And that's the most confortable way, there are even
               | cheaper alternatives like the Keisei line.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | For anyone doing travel planning based on reading here:
               | often your best option is actually a bus (coach). This is
               | because although they're slow, they go straight to many
               | major hotels in the city. This removes the need to
               | negotiate the subway with luggage or deal with Tokyo's
               | idiosyncratic taxis while jetlagged.
        
             | adhvaryu wrote:
             | I went digging out of curiosity, and it seems you are
             | correct. According to this article [1], around 80 of the
             | top 100 airports have rapid transit connections.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.ptua.org.au/2015/10/29/busiest-airports-
             | rail/
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Even in the US, there are increasingly transit options.
               | Oddly enough, there are sorta options in NYC but they
               | aren't the greatest.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | What do you mean, you don't love taking the airtrain to
               | the bus to the subway to your destination?
        
             | wodenokoto wrote:
             | It's still a long time to get into Tokyo and even then you
             | might be far from where you want to go. As far as I
             | remember the rapid line from Marita only stops at shinjuku
             | and Tokyo station.
        
           | backpackviolet wrote:
           | In addition to the fantastic trains the other commenters
           | mentioned, you could also take a bus for $20 to any major hub
           | or hotel.
        
             | pbsladek wrote:
             | Depends what time you get there and what you are willing to
             | put up with especially when it isn't on your dime.
             | 
             | Took the bus back from the hotel.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | I had a cab driver refuse to take me to NRT because it would
           | be too expensive. He told me to take the train from Ueno.
        
           | cbhl wrote:
           | If you want to pay ~$200 and get to Tokyo faster, you should
           | fly into HND instead of NRT, full stop.
        
             | dawnerd wrote:
             | And from Hnd either the monorail or the airport limousine
             | are very cheap ways into the city. I use the airport
             | limousine to get to Disney and it's really convenient. WAY
             | cheaper than a taxi
        
           | seatac76 wrote:
           | Agree with others just take the train to Tokyo Station or
           | Shinigawa station. If it's your first time just remember to
           | exit on the gate that is staffed because gate adjustments can
           | get tricky. The ticket I selected at NRT was apparently not
           | enough money, as expected they were super helpful and nice
           | about it though.
        
             | tanjtanjtanj wrote:
             | There are also fare adjustment machines, you put your
             | ticket in and it tells you what difference to pay to
             | "upgrade" your ticket.
             | 
             | Many travelers will just grab a ticket that sounds vaguely
             | correct and then fare adjust at the end. Grabbing an IC
             | card or one of the apps is the easiest course for virtually
             | everyone though.
        
           | Espressosaurus wrote:
           | You use an airport bus or a train to get to and from Narita.
           | 
           | You'd be an idiot to use a taxi.
           | 
           | Or it's some exceptional situation (flight super delayed?)
        
           | com2kid wrote:
           | An uber from Sea-Tac airport into Seattle can easily reach
           | $80, and almost $100 with tip.
           | 
           | Given how far NRT is from Tokyo, $200 doesn't seem too bad...
        
           | johndunne wrote:
           | My wife and I landed in NRT a couple months ago and had a
           | taxi leave us high and dry. We had to book a taxi there and
           | then and it cost $450 to Tokyo in a standard taxi. The pre
           | booked taxi that left us H&M was $200.
        
         | treflop wrote:
         | Japan is well known for violent political clashes.
         | 
         | There is still a very obvious house in the middle of Narita
         | Airport that you can see when flying in or out. There are roads
         | to it underneath the airport.
        
           | acchow wrote:
           | This is shocking to me
           | 
           | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/narita-airport-farm-takao-
           | shito...
           | 
           | "The best outcome would be for the airport to shut down," he
           | said. "But what's important is to keep farming my ancestral
           | land."
           | 
           | I imagine most countries would just use eminent domain?
        
             | fsckboy wrote:
             | that article says that what he refers to as his ancestral
             | lands have been farmed by his family for only a 100 years.
             | hard for me to get worked up about such a short time
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | It doesn't matter if you or I get worked up about their
               | land, it matters if they get worked up about their land
               | and their heritage.
        
               | pests wrote:
               | Gotta start somewhere, and I'm sure it means way more to
               | him that it does to you. 100 years is a lifetime, do you
               | never get worked up at all? Why bother, such a short
               | lifespan we all live.
        
               | paulddraper wrote:
               | What would you consider a medium amount of time?
               | 
               | Also https://getyarn.io/yarn-
               | clip/cf343b06-f4a8-46fc-b124-1c61392...
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I wonder if all of the airport pollution and particulates
             | adds any flavor to what is grown there
        
             | lukan wrote:
             | "I imagine most countries would just use eminent domain"
             | 
             | Japan also did it in this case in general, but not
             | everywhere. Because having a law and enforcing a law is not
             | the same - because there was determined resistance of all
             | kinds. And by law they could have also expropriated that
             | land, but that would have sparked more violent opposition.
             | Apparently letting this farm as it is, was one of the
             | compromises to have the airport at all, without riot police
             | guarding it 24/7.
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | My understanding is that electric airplanes are much quieter but
       | batteries do not have a high enough energy density to make an
       | electric airliner with more than very short range.
       | 
       | I wonder if it would be feasible to make some kind of hybrid that
       | uses electric engines for takeoff and landing and regular jet
       | engines for the rest of the flight?
        
         | ijustlovemath wrote:
         | That would add massive complexity and excess weight (lugging
         | around the battery and all the fuel), which makes it a
         | nonstarter
        
         | alephxyz wrote:
         | A 3m wide fan spinning at 3000RPM for takeoff will be loud
         | wether it's being driven by a gas turbine or an electrical
         | motor.
        
         | slaymaker1907 wrote:
         | Largescale use of electric planes still seem like sci-fi for
         | the time being, but you did get me thinking that airships would
         | likely produce a lot less noise pollution than planes.
        
       | subzidion wrote:
       | There's been discussions where the "next" airport should go in
       | the Seattle region, and the consensus is that nobody wants it.
       | The State Legislature created a commission to try and identify
       | some potential sites, but the public backlash was so great that
       | they ended up submitting it's final report with no actual
       | recommendation.
       | 
       | One of the interesting ideas (that was proposed even back when
       | SEA was adding it's third runway) is to run high-speed rail to
       | Moses Lake Airport in Central Washington and just expand there.
       | I'm doubtful it happens, since that means building a major
       | airport _and_ a new train.
        
         | perlgeek wrote:
         | > One of the interesting ideas [...] is to run high-speed rail
         | to Moses Lake Airport in Central Washington and just expand
         | there.
         | 
         | While reading this article, I thought about something like that
         | too. Build an airport quite a while away from the big city, and
         | provide a high-speed, maybe even maglev train there. Make it
         | free for customers.
         | 
         | Also, make it very inconvenient for passengers and staff to
         | approach the airport by other means, only allow cargo delivery
         | there through the road network. This disincentives people from
         | e.g. building hotels close to the airport, which would then
         | attract further settlement, which would ultimately lead to
         | noise complaints again.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | The aforementioned setup nearly always means the closer
           | airport ends up getting upgraded later to meet convenience
           | demands, leaving the newer-but-inconvenient airport out to
           | dry.
           | 
           | See: Haneda (HND) vs. Narita (NRT) in Tokyo, Itami (ITM) vs.
           | Kansai (KIX) in Osaka, etc.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Didn't happen with Denver or Hong Kong.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | Or Paris.
        
             | dwater wrote:
             | In Washington DC, Washington National Airport (WAS) is just
             | across a river from downtown and connected by subway, and
             | Dulles International Airport (IAD) was way out past the
             | exurbs when it was constructed and only just got a subway
             | connection several decades later. IAD gets way more traffic
             | and has as long as I can remember. I'd guess that's because
             | it's not possible to add many more flights to WAS.
        
               | massysett wrote:
               | This is wrong. Reagan National is DCA, not WAS. Also, DCA
               | handles more passengers than IAD.
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/transportation/2023/02/18/
               | nat...
        
               | dwater wrote:
               | Sorry, I take the train 10x more than I fly, I mixed up
               | the airport with Union Station.
        
               | tyoma wrote:
               | Flights to/from WAS are artificially restricted by
               | congress: https://www.mwaa.com/protecting-dca-perimeter
        
               | jaimie wrote:
               | DCA and IAD have their work-load shared due to regulatory
               | action:
               | 
               | > The Perimeter Rule is a federal regulation established
               | in 1966 when jet aircraft began operating at Reagan
               | National. The initial Perimeter Rule limited non-stop
               | service to/from Reagan National to 650 statute miles,
               | with some exceptions for previously existing service. By
               | the mid-1980s, Congress had expanded Reagan National non-
               | stop service to 1,250 statute miles (49 U.S. Code SS
               | 49109). Ultimately, Reagan National serves primarily as a
               | "short-haul" airport while Washington Dulles
               | International Airport serves as the region's "long-haul"
               | growth airport.
               | 
               | > Congress must propose and approve federal legislation
               | to allow the U.S. Department of Transportation to issue
               | "beyond-perimeter" exemptions which allows an airline to
               | operate non-stop service to cities outside the perimeter.
               | As a result of recent federal exemptions, non-stop
               | service is now offered between Reagan National and the
               | following cities: Austin, Denver, Las Vegas, Los Angeles,
               | Phoenix, Salt Lake City, San Francisco, San Juan, Seattle
               | and Portland, Ore.
               | 
               | https://www.flyreagan.com/about-airport/aircraft-noise-
               | infor...
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | Not if the old airport gets closed - like Tegel and
             | Tempelhof were in Berlin, even though the new one next to
             | Schonefeld wasn't ready yet due to it being a fiasco of
             | colossal proportions.
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | Sure, like in the case of Hiroshima Airport (HIJ) and its
               | predecessor (HIW), but even then most people (not
               | necessarily including the politicians) end up longing for
               | the one that was more convenient.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | When DFW was built Congress passed the Wright Amendment
             | which kneecapped Dallas Love Field (DAL) to only serve
             | domestic and immediately adjacent state travel. Personally
             | I prefer DAL but I can see how DFW would have potentially
             | withered on the vine if it hadn't been passed. I'm happy
             | its finally expired though and now DAL can offer
             | international flights.
             | 
             | Although now that there's a Whataburger at DFW one big
             | argument for me for DAL is a bit less strong. When the
             | Silver Line finally gets built, I imagine almost all my air
             | travel will go to DFW.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_Amendment
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_Line_(Dallas_Area_Rapi
             | d...
        
               | avarun wrote:
               | Jesus. I just read the Wright Amendment article and it's
               | absolutely disgusting the level of regulatory capture and
               | corporate cronyism enmeshed in our government in this
               | country. There is no reason the _federal government_
               | should be involving itself in these petty airline
               | disputes, and certainly shouldn't be helping maintain
               | monopolies for reasons as bad as "American Airlines is
               | the largest employer in North Texas".
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | I largely agree with these opinions and dislike the
               | cronyism that is a part of this deal. Looking at it a bit
               | more holistically and seeing the growth of the DFW
               | metroplex from 1980-now though, I think it makes sense
               | for DFW airport to have succeeded. Having the very
               | centralized airport with (theoretically) good rail
               | service to both major cities makes a heck of a lot of
               | sense and have been a good thing for the DFW economy. It
               | would be nearly impossible to build the airport as it is
               | now post that growth, but there's a good chance it
               | wouldn't have survived in the early days given how far
               | out there it was in 1979.
               | 
               | So short answer, I hate the cronyism, but many of the
               | positive end goals marketed here ultimately _did_ come
               | true here. And it didn 't fully kill DAL or Southwest in
               | the end.
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | The issue for Seatac is that it's on a relatively small
             | piece of land and can't really expand. They would
             | definitely just go that route if they could.
        
           | lobochrome wrote:
           | I live in Tokyo where we have both Narita, far out but well-
           | ish connected by train with NEX and Haneda, with direct
           | access to the city.
           | 
           | Haneda is vastly more convenient.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | I fly into Haneda whenever I can, because even though the
             | train is super convenient, for a train, it's nicer to just
             | throw your bags in a taxi and head straight to your hotel
             | after 13 hours on a plane.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I tend to travel pretty light but trains get inconvenient
               | with any amount of luggage. I'm coming into NY by ship
               | after a longish trip, continuing on home by train at the
               | end of May. I came to the conclusion I should take
               | advantage of a not too expensive luggage shipping service
               | because dealing with the luggage was going to be just too
               | big of a hassle.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | That's a key if you want a "rail to plane" setup - if you
               | do it right (read-nobody will do it) you check in for the
               | train with your baggage and your flight at the same time,
               | and give the bags over to a dedicated baggage car that
               | handles everything for you.
        
               | _delirium wrote:
               | Hong Kong recently added this, called In-town Check-in
               | [1]. You can check in and drop your bags at the MTR Hong
               | Kong station when taking the Airport Express. Can even
               | drop off the bags up to a day in advance. Currently only
               | open to Cathay Pacific customers though.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.mtr.com.hk/en/customer/services/complom_c
               | heckin....
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yeah, any airline could set something like this up.
               | Cathay has always had pretty primo service though.
        
               | freeone3000 wrote:
               | Luggage tags can take a rail stop as a final destination.
               | Integrate further! Have a person load the bags onto the
               | train for you!
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | There are luggage services that will take your luggage
               | from your home to a hotel. You pay for it obviously but
               | it's not a bad option if you're looking to simplify
               | things.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | How very 1800s of you. Curious minds wonder what you do
               | to be able to have that kind of time for travel. The
               | amount of time you require in just travel is more than
               | most Americans receive in a year's vacation
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Fairly routine tech jobs. In a prior long-term job I got
               | up to about 4 weeks of vacation after a time and did some
               | month-long vacations, especially Nepal treks. I was
               | pretty careful to preserve time off for single vacations
               | for the most part and had flexibility to take a few hours
               | here and there without tapping into my pool.
               | 
               | I'm pretty close to that currently--although it's
               | combined sick/personal/vacation. I've done a number of
               | 3-week workcations in my current role and also had a few
               | weeks of vacation banked from a prior paid time off
               | scheme. I've long had a pretty generous amount of
               | vacation time and I've always leveraged work travel
               | (which I used to do a lot of) for sightseeing and related
               | activities.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I'd add that I've always been pretty religious about
               | taking all my vacation and I've seen a lot of people
               | shocked that I just took off for a month. But I've done
               | so deliberately and with an eye to future commitments and
               | it's never been an issue.
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | > Haneda is vastly more convenient.
             | 
             | Many (millions) would disagree. After the opening of the
             | Keisei Skyliner[1], a very fast train from north Tokyo to
             | Narita, from Shinjuku station (west side, busiest train
             | station in the world), it is the same time to either Haneda
             | ("Tokyo Int'l") or Narita.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyliner
        
           | kiba wrote:
           | Only allow cargo delivery via rail as well. This way this
           | deincentivize road traffic as much as possible.
        
             | Bene592 wrote:
             | Allow only short distance deliveries by truck
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | This guy simcities. Original game you could build rail
             | everywhere instead of roads at all :)
        
           | pif wrote:
           | > make it very inconvenient for passengers and staff to
           | approach the airport by other means
           | 
           | Absolutely not! High-speed train have many advantages, but
           | serving stations with large, long-term parking lots is not
           | one of them.
           | 
           | After all, you don't need to disincentivize the approach: you
           | just need to make it clear that the airport is there to stay,
           | and maybe to grow three-fold, and that noise complaints will
           | never be receivable.
        
             | kaashif wrote:
             | > noise complaints will never be receivable.
             | 
             | But they are always receivable. Complainers will vote, will
             | take control of local government, will lobby state and
             | national government...
             | 
             | "Complaints aren't receivable" policies never last.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | '"Complaints aren't receivable" policies never last.'
               | 
               | Oh depends, you can always build some gulags and get rid
               | of those annoying elections. It's crazy how quick you are
               | into dictatorship realm, with some harmles sounding ideas
               | taken one step further.
        
           | newhotelowner wrote:
           | I don't think you ever traveled international or your plane
           | got delayed or cancelled.
           | 
           | I don't want to carry 4 big bags in the train when I travel
           | international
           | 
           | I don't want to travel 30 miles if my plane get cancelled.
        
             | dynm wrote:
             | One option would be to have people check in, drop off their
             | luggage, and even go through security in some convenient
             | location in the city center and then take a high-speed
             | train "inside security" to the gate. (Maybe you could even
             | have trains to two different fields.)
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | That would be fantastic. I'm almost salivating thinking
               | about how appealing that would be in Manhattan (or DC, or
               | even SF).
        
               | colatkinson wrote:
               | God yeah it's like a hypothetical version of the AirTrain
               | that isn't a huge pain. Last time I flew out of JFK from
               | Manhattan IIRC the easiest way was to do the E or LIRR
               | from Penn to the AirTrain _anyway_ , so might as well
               | streamline the whole shebang.
        
               | ihaveajob wrote:
               | The Madrid airport offered this service, but it wasn't
               | very popular, nor widely known. You checked in your
               | luggage downtown and hopped on the subway to get to the
               | airport with just your carry-on. I can't find any
               | reference now, so it must have been discontinued.
        
               | avidiax wrote:
               | You can do something fairly similar in Japan. They have
               | luggage shipping services that are quite cheap and
               | reliable, and have some days of storage built in. So you
               | can take a train between cities without carrying
               | everything, or maybe skip your big luggage at one city in
               | your itinerary and have it at your hotel in the next
               | city. You could also deliver it to the airport, but you
               | have to build in some hours of lead time.
        
             | jon_richards wrote:
             | This just makes me wonder about a purpose-built train that
             | allows airport luggage carts.
        
             | mdasen wrote:
             | I certainly understand that sentiment, but a ton of people
             | commute 30 miles daily (or more). Even if you live "near an
             | airport", you probably live 15+ miles from an airport.
             | Tottenham London to Heathrow is 24 miles by car. The
             | British Museum to Heathrow is 19 miles. Columbia University
             | on the Upper West Side to JFK is 17 miles. DC to Dulles is
             | 26 miles. Downtown Denver is 25 miles to the airport. SF to
             | SFO is 14 miles. LA to LAX is 20 miles. The Loop in Chicago
             | to O'Hare is 17 miles. Dallas to DFW is 21 miles. Houston
             | is 22 miles. Seattle to SeaTac is 15 miles.
             | 
             | Most cities don't have airports that close to the city.
             | Maybe you live in San Diego and the airport is right there
             | downtown, but most people are traveling to get to their
             | airport. Ok, maybe you don't want to take a train and can
             | hire an airport van or whatever, but you're likely
             | traveling a distance to get to an airport.
             | 
             | I'm not saying that it isn't nice to have a more convenient
             | airport, but if we're being realistic about climate change
             | air travel is going to have to be something we do sparingly
             | rather than often. People in the US, UK, Germany, and
             | France currently emit an average of 15t, 5t, 8t, and 5t of
             | CO2 respectively. A trip from NYC to London will be 2t of
             | CO2 - which probably needs to be around 40% of your annual
             | CO2 budget. That is to say, an inconvenient airport should
             | be an inconvenience very few times per year.
             | 
             | Making other things in your life more conveniently located
             | should be a much higher priority - the things you'll use
             | daily, weekly, or monthly. An airport is something you'll
             | use infrequently - or will have to use infrequently if
             | we're going to be realistic about climate change. Plus, as
             | I noted, 30 miles isn't really that inconvenient compared
             | to current situations in most cities. Even the "close"
             | airport in London is 20+ miles away from most of London. Is
             | there a huge difference between 20 miles and 30 miles?
             | That's less than a 10 minute difference by car. With a
             | high-speed train it could be a lot less. Paris to Lyon on
             | the TGV averages 167 MPH. At that speed, 30 miles is
             | covered in 11 minutes.
             | 
             | I certainly understand the desire for convenience, but
             | airports are something individual people use infrequently
             | (or will have to use infrequently given the reality of
             | climate change). If getting to the airport is annoying,
             | it's probably not an annoyance in your life frequently.
        
               | throw__away7391 wrote:
               | And yet all aviation combined is responsible for less
               | than 3% of total carbon emissions. Permanently grounding
               | all aircraft will make no appreciable difference. All the
               | major manufacturers are currently sold out for the next
               | decade; even if there were an additional major surge in
               | demand for air travel enough to impact this number, it
               | would be impossible to fulfill it.
        
               | rangestransform wrote:
               | I will vote against whoever tried to make my flights less
               | convenient
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | So demand rail service that drops you off inside the
               | airport right at the security line.
               | 
               | Demand baggage pick-up and delivery services be offered.
               | 
               | Having someone pick up your checked luggage the day
               | before you fly out, walking off a train right into the
               | airport, and then getting on the plane w/o any fuss, is
               | amazing.
               | 
               | VS the American Standard of waiting in a huge line to
               | weigh your checked luggage, that you just paid an Uber
               | 60-80 to carry for you.
        
             | dml2135 wrote:
             | I realize not everyone can just pack a carry-on, but as one
             | of those types, traveling with "4 big bags" anywhere just
             | seems insane to me. What do you bring that takes up so much
             | space?
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | Things for the family maybe?
        
               | throwway120385 wrote:
               | Hiking gear.
        
               | avidiax wrote:
               | I do this all the time, but the bags start mostly empty
               | and get filled up with purchases over time.
        
             | ttymck wrote:
             | Then you would fly via SEA?
        
             | com2kid wrote:
             | > I don't want to carry 4 big bags in the train when I
             | travel international
             | 
             | Japan has this really cool service where you can get your
             | bags picked up from your hotel room and taken to the
             | airport or from the airport to your hotel room. It costs
             | max around $20 USD.
             | 
             | > I don't want to travel 30 miles if my plane get
             | cancelled.
             | 
             | My local airport (Sea-tac) is almost 30 miles from Seattle.
             | It can easily take an hour driving to get there. I do agree
             | that taking lots of luggage onto the light rail (WHICH
             | DOESN'T DROP YOU OFF IN THE AIRPORT!!) is a bad idea.
             | 
             | But I am one of those people who despises checked luggage,
             | since it can add another 30+ minutes to checking in.
             | Compared to carry-on and TSA pre-check, where I can walk
             | into the airport, through security, and be at my boarding
             | gate in under 10 minutes.
             | 
             | But hey, Seattle is, as much as I love it, not a world
             | class American city. Let's try NYC.
             | 
             | It can take over an hour to get from midtown Manhattan to
             | JFK driving.
             | 
             | It also takes over an hour on the subway.
             | 
             | Oops, another bad example.
             | 
             | You know what, I am starting to think flying out of Boston
             | Logan[1] is pretty nice.
             | 
             | But seriously, if you want a huge international airport,
             | you need a lot of land, and you don't want to put that
             | smack dab in the middle of a city, unless the land got paid
             | for long ago, and even then, you'll be stuck with an
             | airport that you cannot expand.
             | 
             | Meanwhile a train from Tokyo to Narita Airport is under 20
             | minutes.
             | 
             | [1] I legit like flying out of Boston Logan, the big dig
             | was expensive but wow was it effective. Also shout out to
             | Bogota Colombia for having super clean streets around its
             | airport. It was an amazing second impression flying in (the
             | first impression being how beautiful the city is from the
             | sky!)
        
             | throwway120385 wrote:
             | My understanding is that in Japan you can have your luggage
             | portered to your hotel separately.
        
           | mst wrote:
           | -I- would be entirely fine with an airport with those transit
           | restrictions.
           | 
           | mdk (Shadowcat's resident responsible adult / business
           | person) however has three kids, and two adults trying to
           | wrangle three children as well as luggage makes trains much,
           | much less attractive as an option.
           | 
           | So I think "fantastic to imagine, DOA as an idea in practice"
           | applies, I'm afraid.
        
             | egorfine wrote:
             | Taxi infrastructure is entirely plausible in a project with
             | heavy restriction for private cars.
             | 
             | I.e. build all the roads you want but don't make long-term
             | parkings available.
        
               | mst wrote:
               | Fair point, I was thinking about "cargo traffic only" as
               | in the original though experiment.
               | 
               | Coaches with a dedicated luggage section would quite
               | possibly help as well, and it occurs to me that you could
               | have a train with baggage cars ... but having never had
               | to travel with more than one small child I can't say how
               | acceptable those options would be to parents in general.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | >> Also, make it very inconvenient for passengers and staff
           | to approach the airport by other means, only allow cargo
           | delivery there through the road network. This disincentives
           | people from e.g. building hotels close to the airport, which
           | would then attract further settlement, which would ultimately
           | lead to noise complaints again.
           | 
           | Or go one step further and just put on barriers to block the
           | trains too. Don't let anyone near the airport unless they
           | walk/bike the few miles. That will drive up servicing costs
           | but will dramatically lower congestion. If don't correctly,
           | virtually nobody will ever get to the airport. It can then be
           | closed altogether, thereby eliminating any and all future
           | noise complaints.
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | > run high-speed rail to Moses Lake Airport
           | 
           | Woah, that's a good ways out there
        
           | 7952 wrote:
           | That is often the experience already when using a big hub
           | airport. Because by their very nature they draw people in
           | from across a region. And that naturally leeds to congestion
           | and inconvenience. Rail is a help but may not be fast if you
           | don't live close to the right stations.
           | 
           | I think hubs are often setup to serve airlines running lots
           | of connecting flight rather than the regional population.
           | They would be happier flying out of a small local airport on
           | a narrowbody and flying direct or connecting elsewhere.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | See: DIA
        
         | tallanvor wrote:
         | It's been 35 years they've discussed that possibility. It's
         | never going to happen. The costs of high speed rail across the
         | mountain are simply too high.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | It'd be easier and cheaper to landfill the sound - or do what
           | is slowly happening and start using Paine Field.
        
         | throwaway48476 wrote:
         | Paine field is the new seattle area airport.
        
           | subzidion wrote:
           | I don't think they believe Paine Field on its own is going to
           | be able to accommodate the expected air travel growth. Yes,
           | it's serving some commercial air travel now, but the
           | consensus was there needs to be a new airport for all this
           | growth.
        
           | arccy wrote:
           | it barely has any flights anywhere this now
        
             | dmazzoni wrote:
             | Is there a reason for that? Can it handle more?
        
           | brewdad wrote:
           | Paine Field would seem to make the most sense but there
           | really isn't much room to expand it. It can probably help in
           | the short/medium term while a new, from scratch airport is
           | built elsewhere.
        
           | RaftPeople wrote:
           | Paine field can't support what is needed and can't be
           | expanded. But it will continue to service a small percent of
           | the overall need.
           | 
           | The state has created a new commission to start the new
           | airport site selection process over again, but this time it
           | will just be a recommendation.
           | 
           | The previous project that had been going on for many years
           | was site selection and not just recommendation, but their
           | selection(s) pissed off the people and so the whole thing got
           | just got killed recently.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Wasn't that the idea behind Denver? It's outside the city by a
         | decent amount (or was when started). I assume proximity to the
         | mountains was also a consideration.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | The newer airport is really less convenient to the mountains
           | than Stapleton was. (At least in terms of distance. Not sure
           | about driving time.)
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Ah, I meant that putting the airport _farther_ from the
             | mountains means the planes can take off heading west
             | without circling around.
             | 
             | I don't know if it's that far, however.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Stapleton was still east of Denver. I think the siting of
               | DIA was probably more that there was a bunch of flat
               | relatively empty land even further east. It's been a
               | while since I flew into Denver but my recollection is the
               | airport is pretty hell and gone from the city.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It is, but in the last 20 years of visiting now and then,
               | it is _much_ more built up on the way  "into town" - it
               | used to be that you'd pass that hellhorse and see nothing
               | for 40 minutes but a sign telling you not to stop for
               | prison hitchhikers.
               | 
               | Now there's tons of developments - which is always a
               | problem for these airports. I remember when SEATAC was
               | far outside the city and everyone hated it, now it's
               | crammed in the middle of the Seattle/Tacoma metro area,
               | which is all one big blob city.
        
               | rconti wrote:
               | Stapleton is now "in Denver". I had never been to Denver
               | until a few years ago, and was out for a run with a
               | running club based out of a sports store in a strip mall
               | in Denver proper. I asked what the control tower was for,
               | and someone said they used it for training, which made
               | sense. It wasn't until later on that I realized it was
               | the OLD Stapleton control tower! Right in town!
               | Surrounded by stores and condos and a park.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | What is a bit interesting to think about Denver was that
           | rocky mountain arsenal closed in 1992 about the same time as
           | stapleton in 1995. They ended up spending about 2 billion to
           | clean up the rocky mountain arsenal to make it a wildlife
           | refuge and meet all those standards, and spent five billion
           | on Denver international airport. I'd imagine the
           | environmental cleanup would have been substantially cheaper
           | if they just devoted that swath of land (much nearer to
           | downtown Denver actually) for the airport and devoted the
           | swath of unpolluted land Denver airport presently sits on for
           | a wildlife area, maybe one that won't end up being hemmed on
           | all sides by Denver suburbia in time like the present rocky
           | mountain arsenal. There is nothing but empty fields east of
           | dia until you hit Omaha or Kansas City, so wild populations
           | wouldn't be trapped in the preserve so much like they are in
           | these nature preserves surrounded by urban areas and busy
           | roads.
        
         | Izikiel43 wrote:
         | The other problem was that the legislature restricted the
         | commission of where they could look for a new place, it had to
         | be less than X amount of people and other restrictions.
         | 
         | In theory there was a good place for an airport if those
         | restrictions were removed
        
         | yadaeno wrote:
         | Paine Field is about 35 mins away from Seattle and serves
         | airline traffic as of a few years ago.
        
           | patch_cable wrote:
           | And it is so much better I routinely pay hundreds more to fly
           | out of Paine Field.
        
           | jethro_tell wrote:
           | Its hit or miss if you can get the flight you need or of
           | there and it always costs more from what I can see.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Paine Field is also unnaturally large for a "little suburban
           | airport" because it's the site of the largest building in the
           | world, because it's a Boeing assembly plant.
        
             | BHSPitMonkey wrote:
             | Are you thinking of Boeing Field? Paine is a tiny little
             | luxury airport with 4 gates.
        
               | mikestew wrote:
               | Maybe you've got them reversed? I've never been to Boeing
               | Field, but I've been to Paine, and...
               | 
               | "Paine Field is home to the Boeing Everett Factory, the
               | world's largest building by volume..."
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paine_Field
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Exactly. Paine Field is tiny as a commuter airport, but
               | it's got huge tracks of land (it's more than half the
               | size of SEATAC and has a 9000 ft runway).
        
               | BHSPitMonkey wrote:
               | I've been to Paine, and apparently I just ignored
               | everything outside of the passenger facility. Oops!
        
         | mikestew wrote:
         | _One of the interesting ideas (that was proposed even back when
         | SEA was adding it 's third runway) is to run high-speed rail to
         | Moses Lake Airport in Central Washington and just expand
         | there._
         | 
         | That would have been an interesting idea _before_ the railroad
         | right-of-way was turned into a multi-use trail. There 's
         | another rail corridor that goes through Stampede Pass, but I
         | don't know that it would be usable for "high-speed rail" (nor
         | do I know that it even goes anywhere useful).
        
         | balderdash wrote:
         | What's comical is how hard it is to get to many urban US
         | airports - why their isn't the equivalent of the Heathrow
         | express to serve New York city's three airports is absurd
        
         | jamwil wrote:
         | Sure would be nice to just pop out to the Gorge for an
         | afternoon of music though!
        
         | resonantjacket5 wrote:
         | > There's been discussions where the "next" airport should go
         | in the Seattle region, and the consensus is that nobody wants
         | it. The State Legislature created a commission to try and
         | identify some potential sites, but the public backlash was so
         | great that they ended up submitting it's final report with no
         | actual recommendation.
         | 
         | The commission was hampered by rules that stated they couldn't
         | look into increasing the existing airports capacity.
         | 
         | "Survey responses also conveyed members' views on what kind of
         | options the Legislature permitted them to consider -- the 2019
         | legislation prohibited considering sites in King County, or
         | those near military bases. Some members noted that those
         | constraints hindered their search efforts, with some doubting
         | whether it's possible to have a new airport operational by
         | 2040." https://www.seattletimes.com/business/boeing-
         | aerospace/state...
         | 
         | The "next" airport is basically just expanding SeaTac. There's
         | plans to add a second terminal in SAMP
         | https://www.portseattle.org/sites/default/files/2018-06/1805...
         | And then even WSDOT's project for the new 509 extension is to
         | allow freight traffic to reach the seatac airport.
         | 
         | Outside of that the other regional airport to be used is king
         | county international airport -- even back in 2005 southwest
         | looked into using it.
         | 
         | Paine field, while it has the capacity is not where the demand
         | is for passengers. Secondly, I don't think many people realize
         | the bottleneck for SeaTac airport is not just passenger traffic
         | but freight traffic. It's why the airport commission keeps
         | choosing sites south of Seattle aka Pierce County or Thurston
         | County because it's close to the port of tacoma. They aren't
         | going to choose Paine field.
        
           | throwway120385 wrote:
           | Paine field is already loud as hell all the time so I'm glad
           | it's a non-starter.
        
         | nojvek wrote:
         | Make Paine field airport bigger and accept international
         | flights.
         | 
         | I love that airport. It should be bigger and is north enough
         | that it has its own population.
         | 
         | Also US needs to build more high speed rail. We are over-
         | reliant on airports.
        
       | crazymoka wrote:
       | I liked the design of the circular run way airport.
        
       | rokhayakebe wrote:
       | How about more night take offs? Many US airports "close" at 12AM.
        
         | filleduchaos wrote:
         | Somehow I doubt that the solution to "airports cause too much
         | noise pollution" is "let's stage more of the noisiest aircraft
         | operations right when people are sleeping".
        
       | rob74 wrote:
       | > _And an airport can't be too far from a city and remain useful,
       | since travelers need to access the city, workers need to be
       | within commuting distance, and so on. In Canada, Mirabel airport
       | was built 35 miles from Montreal, surrounded by a 79,000 acre
       | buffer zone to prevent any issues of incompatible land use.
       | Mirabel was expected to replace Dorval (today Montreal-Trudeau)
       | as Canada's main eastern airport, but, in part because of its
       | long distance from the city, this never happened, and Mirabel
       | stopped serving passenger traffic in 2004._
       | 
       | Another relatively new airport built far from the city it serves
       | is Munich airport, located around 33 km (20 miles) from the city
       | center, opened in 1992. The two major candidates for "relatively
       | sparsely populated area" when the airport was planned (back in
       | the 1960s) were a swampy area north of Munich (Erdinger Moos) and
       | a forest to the south (Hofoldinger Forst). They picked the swamp,
       | which leads to frequent fog problems. And they solved the problem
       | of the old airport competing against the new one by simply
       | closing the old airport (the company operating the new one is the
       | same as for the old one, so no protests there). Some equipment
       | was even moved from the old airport to the new one in an
       | overnight relocation. But, as the 30 years from planning to
       | opening show, even this remote location was not without
       | conflicts. And, more than 30 years after the opening, there is
       | still no fast train to the airport. The Munich-Nuremberg high
       | speed railway line could have been routed by the airport, but
       | (according to rumors) this wasn't done to protect the Nuremberg
       | airport. Then there were plans for a maglev train (Transrapid)
       | which were cancelled in the early 2000s. Currently the plan is
       | for an Express S-Bahn line, but since the S-Bahn tunnel in the
       | city center can't accommodate any more trains, this will only be
       | possible when the second S-Bahn tunnel is completed (the date for
       | that keeps getting pushed back, currently it's 2035).
        
         | amadeuspagel wrote:
         | > Then there were plans for a maglev train (Transrapid) which
         | were cancelled in the early 2000s.
         | 
         | Edmund Stoiber explained these plans in a legendary speech:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7TboWvVERU
        
       | ofrzeta wrote:
       | In Munich/Germany plans for a new airport (as a successor to
       | Munchen/Riem) started in the 60s. Construction started in 1980.
       | The airport went into operation in 1992.
       | 
       | Obviously the people in the Erdinger Moos didn't like the
       | decision to build the airport there and many lawsuits ensued that
       | lead to a stop of the construction for three years. In the end
       | and the last lawsuit I think there was no option of another
       | appeal so that was that.
       | 
       | In the end I think it just came down to a question of national
       | interest where you can't have some individuals stop a project
       | like this because an airport is needed in the area and it has to
       | be built somewhere.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | _> you can 't have some individuals stop a project like this
         | because an airport is needed in the area and it has to be built
         | somewhere._
         | 
         | Environmentalist opponents of airport construction will often
         | disagree with that premise - for example, pointing to the rise
         | of videoconferencing and remote working.
        
       | Kon-Peki wrote:
       | As the article points out, expanding the two airports in Chicago
       | are out of the question. And because it is more or less
       | impossible to build a new airport, they are planning to build a
       | "new" airport.
       | 
       | Which means that this tiny little thing [1][2], which handles a
       | dozen or two Cessna flights per day, is intended to "grow" into a
       | 4000 acre major international airport. When it grows to its full
       | footprint, the western edge will be the railroad right of way
       | that carries one of the Chicago commuter rail lines _and_ the
       | Amtrak route that serves the Chicago-UIUC-Memphis-New Orleans
       | line. Plus an existing Interstate with existing interchanges a
       | mile west of that. Very little infrastructure is needed outside
       | of the airport boundaries. Still a lot of opposition though, and
       | years behind schedule.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.google.com/maps/@41.3774859,-87.676198,14.2z?ent...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.bultfield.com
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | Airport expansion is almost as difficult as building new. In my
         | neck of the woods, some have suggested that the (primarily
         | general aviation) Livermore airport would make a great
         | "reliever" airport for the Bay Area jets, but this is
         | constantly being fought by residents, mostly people in posh
         | Pleasanton, which is on the flight path. It's understandable
         | that people don't want more jets flying above their homes, yet,
         | East Bay travelers would benefit the most from such
         | development.
        
           | jimberlage wrote:
           | "...yet, East Bay travelers would benefit the most from such
           | development."
           | 
           | True, but who do you personally know who would trade a small
           | benefit every time they fly for a moderate nuisance at their
           | house? I'm not sure even pilots would ask for the flight
           | benefit.
        
           | Kon-Peki wrote:
           | Good point. The Livermore airport is pretty hemmed in
           | already; it looks like it would be pretty difficult to do
           | much expansion and you have all those houses that are already
           | under the runway approaches. I'm guessing that when you say
           | "Bay Area jets", you are talking private jets, not 737s,
           | right?
           | 
           | In the case of the South Suburban Chicago Airport, noise is
           | less of an issue. People don't want traffic and they don't
           | want farms turned into warehouses and light industrial. And
           | then the housing built for the thousands of jobs created.
           | 
           | It's essentially opposition to sprawl, which I think is a
           | pretty legitimate concern. I think the state could try to do
           | things to help prevent it from being as bad as it could be
           | (forest preserves, open space, minimum zoning, etc). Though I
           | don't think they want to, because the alternative to this
           | airport is that the one just across the border in Indiana
           | would get enlarged, leading to all that economic development
           | going to a different state.
        
         | DrBazza wrote:
         | Unfamiliar with this, but are you suggesting that the airport
         | would cover the railroad, or simply just finish before it?
         | 
         | If it covers it, then from the satellite pictures it would be
         | trivial to bury the line in a cut-n-cover tunnel for little
         | expense.
         | 
         | The fact that a rail line runs there already seems ideal for a
         | modern airport.
        
           | Kon-Peki wrote:
           | The property line would end at the railroad right of way. A
           | passenger station would be built to provide service to the
           | airport.
           | 
           | The current talk is to build it as a cargo airport, but the
           | original concept was a passenger airport to serve the growing
           | population in Illinois and Indiana that find access to the
           | existing airports inconvenient. There is every reason to
           | believe that if it is built it will start serving passengers
           | just as soon as they can get airlines to agree to use it for
           | passenger flights. As you can see from the recent law, they
           | are _adding_ cargo to the list of reasons for building the
           | airport; they are not replacing passenger service ;)
           | 
           | https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocNum=2531&.
           | ..
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | _Cargo_ airports should be built even further out, because
             | cargo doesn 't care about waiting around.
             | 
             | Of course, there's also the factor that cargo flights are
             | insane to begin with, if you take a bit to think about it.
        
         | duped wrote:
         | That project is a cargo airport, not passengers. At least
         | initially.
        
         | selectodude wrote:
         | South suburban airport is dead as dirt. Rockford and Gary have
         | more than picked up the slack.
        
       | bambax wrote:
       | There's this classic French movie from the 70s, "Nous irons tous
       | au paradis", where a group of friends buy a house really cheap.
       | They can't believe their luck until they realize the house is
       | next to an international airport (they visited the house when the
       | air traffic controllers were on strike).
       | 
       | Here's the scene: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2aFksnIghQ
       | 
       | It's a little bit absurd of course that they didn't bother to
       | check first, but it kind of works.
        
         | patwolf wrote:
         | I live about 5 miles from an airport. It never occurred to me
         | when I bought the house that there'd be airplane noise, but we
         | happen to be right in the flight path. They're infrequent
         | enough that I didn't hear any while touring the house. The
         | house is well-insulated, so the noise isn't bad while inside.
         | But while outside, it's loud enough that you have to pause a
         | conversation when a plane goes by.
        
           | jdnenid wrote:
           | How did it not occur to you that there would be noise from
           | airplanes if you live that close?
           | 
           | Or is it more of an airstrip where only ultra light aircraft
           | depart?
        
             | patwolf wrote:
             | Half the city is within 5 miles of the airport. I've lived
             | in places much closer and never experienced the noise
             | before. The difference was being in the flight path.
             | 
             | I'll also add that my perception of the distance to the
             | airport was skewed by the fact that it's a 15 mile drive to
             | the terminal entrance, but only 5 miles as the crow flies.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | At least large parts of Boston are within 5 miles of
               | Logan Airport. But I can say from personal experience
               | that there are specific locations that are stop-
               | conversation levels of aircraft noise which is not true
               | of the city as a whole.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | That's the real difference, you really have to be in an
               | area for awhile to get a feel for it.
               | 
               | https://old.reddit.com/r/MapPorn/comments/60wejw/noise_po
               | llu... is San Diego, and you can clearly see the airport
               | and even the flight path for landing planes - but which
               | parts are actually affected and which are nearly
               | unnoticeable requires boots on the ground.
               | 
               | And also, landing planes are quieter than ones taking
               | off, and some airports face one direction most of the
               | time.
               | 
               | https://balboapark.org/arts-culture/starlight-bowl-
               | balboa-pa... - The Starlight Bowl is right under the
               | flightpath and the actors would pause when a plane
               | appeared.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | There's a nice marsh I've sea kayaked to from Winthrop
               | which is a community in greater Boston right across from
               | Logan airport. (You could have easily landed your boat
               | there at the end of the runway--presumably if you didn't
               | mind serious people with automatic weapons paying you a
               | quick visit.) I remember being there once with a friend
               | and we got to talking with a local for some reason. HE
               | TALKED REALLY LOUDLY. You understood why when a jet took
               | off over the parking lot every few minutes.
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | I lived under the London Heathrow flight path. There are so
           | many flights that the conversation would be paused for 25% or
           | more of the total time.
           | 
           | Somehow, expanding this airport is politically desirable. 3
           | million people live under the flight path, and they are
           | dismissed as rich or poor people who should have known
           | better. They are rich and poor, there is plenty of range, and
           | there certainly aren't a million spare houses they could
           | choose to move to.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | My father-in-law used to live in Federal Way, Washington,
           | directly south of SeaTac. He swore you got used to it. The
           | noise was amazing -- two parallel runways, his house just
           | about smack in the middle between the two approach paths.
           | Airliners would go over the house every minute (or less!)
           | alternating between the runways. Flaps down all the way, gear
           | down, making incredible amounts of noise. Inside the house
           | you could tolerate it, but it was still noisy. Outside, you
           | had to pause your conversation constantly as a plane went
           | overhead.
           | 
           | SeaTac is well known, and the air traffic never really stops,
           | so there is no way he did not know about it when he bought. I
           | assume it made the house a lot cheaper than it would
           | otherwise be. I guess it is the ultimate demonstration of a
           | free market. For the right price, people will put up with
           | _anything_.
        
           | bn-usd-mistake wrote:
           | It was the same for me in my previous apartment. I remember
           | we were even amazed on how closely a plane was flying above
           | the highway shortly before we took the exit towards the
           | apartment when initially visiting, but didn't make the
           | connection to how that would affect the apartment.
           | 
           | In the end, it wasn't a big problem, we got used to it
           | quickly.
        
           | eitally wrote:
           | I assume you're in the US? If so, a noise disclosure was one
           | of the required seller disclosures when transacting a house.
           | We received this in both NC & CA when purchasing (and took it
           | seriously).
        
         | switch007 wrote:
         | If one film about people living near an airport isn't enough, I
         | can recommend an Australian film The Castle (1997). It's a
         | comedy, total classic.
        
       | space_oddity wrote:
       | I seems for me that for most airports its hard to build logistics
       | withing...
        
       | JCM9 wrote:
       | Technology has come a very long way in reducing noise exposure
       | and noise levels over communities by dramatic levels.
       | 
       | The core problem now is not one of airport traffic but local
       | communities near airports that allow residential development in
       | places they really shouldn't. These days it's less the airport
       | trying to move into someone's backyard but someone building their
       | backyard next to an airport then complaining about the airport.
        
       | sesuximo wrote:
       | why not put the terminal in the urban area and have a fast
       | train/ferry/whatever to the runways
        
       | freeopinion wrote:
       | O'Hare airport sits some 40km outside Chicago. It seems like a
       | long way away from the city.
       | 
       | Narita airport is about 80km east of Tokyo.
       | 
       | Osaka is about 500km west of Tokyo. Osaka's airport is just 15km
       | outside of Osaka.
       | 
       | To travel from downtown Osaka to downtown Tokyo would involve
       | 95km of ground transport in addition to the flight. Or you could
       | take the train, which would involve about 20km of transport
       | besides the high speed rail.
       | 
       | You might think that nobody wants to live next to a train
       | station, either. Or even next to a rail line. But I wonder what
       | difference there would be in resistance to a new airport vs a
       | major train station within 5km of a neighborhood.
        
         | Gare wrote:
         | > You might think that nobody wants to live next to a train
         | station, either.
         | 
         | Huh? Properties next to train stations usually have higher
         | prices. Electric trains are clean and quiet.
        
           | colingoodman wrote:
           | I understand that suburban communities sometimes fight public
           | transit stops in attempt to preserve "neighborhood character"
           | and whatnot. That could be what the other user is referring
           | to.
        
         | ourmandave wrote:
         | _Or even next to a rail line._
         | 
         | Not a commuter train, but here's a neighborhood where the rail
         | goes right down the street. Literally freight trains driving
         | past your front yard.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=odWcZagJlAs
        
         | duped wrote:
         | > O'Hare airport sits some 40km outside Chicago.
         | 
         | It's more like 25km (15 miles) to the city center and 4km (2.5
         | miles) to the city limits, although technically O'hare is
         | within the City of Chicago. There's a strip of City land
         | between the eastern edge of the airport that cuts through the
         | suburb of Rosemont to connect to the Oriole Park neighborhood
         | (although that might be Edison Park), on the far Northwestern
         | edge of the city.
         | 
         | 40km will get you to the far south side of the city, for which
         | there's Midway.
        
       | vemv wrote:
       | > In the early 1980s, Dallas Fort-Worth Airport covered as much
       | land as the city of Dallas did, and Denver International Airport
       | is as large as the city of San Francisco.
       | 
       | This... doesn't fit into my head.
        
         | humansareok1 wrote:
         | Cities are smaller than you think and Airports are larger.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Remember the famous "freeway interchange the size of
           | Florence" image. It takes the small size of "old Florence"
           | and compares it to a modern cloverleaf. Area goes up real
           | fast because it's the square.
           | 
           | Central Park in NY is about seven times the size of Vatican
           | City.
        
         | jonasdegendt wrote:
         | They're probably referring to the official city limits, which
         | can be tiny, as opposed to the total Dallas metro area. The
         | latter is what people actually tend to think of when mentioning
         | a city.
         | 
         | I might be wrong though as I know nothing about Dallas, in
         | which case it also doesn't fit into my head.
        
         | filleduchaos wrote:
         | The two runways in my city's fairly small, low traffic airport
         | are roughly 1.7 and 2.42 _miles_ long (2.745 and 3.9 kilometres
         | to be precise).
         | 
         | It doesn't help that the city of San Francisco is quite tiny,
         | only 7 by 7 miles. When you consider that Denver International
         | has to fit _six_ runways as well as its apron, terminals,
         | hangars, various facilities, and the transit space needed to
         | link all these plus an acceptable amount of buffer space for
         | safety and noise reduction...yeah.
        
       | sofixa wrote:
       | > And an airport can't be too far from a city and remain useful,
       | since travelers need to access the city, workers need to be
       | within commuting distance, and so on. In Canada, Mirabel airport
       | was built 35 miles from Montreal, surrounded by a 79,000 acre
       | buffer zone to prevent any issues of incompatible land use.
       | Mirabel was expected to replace Dorval (today Montreal-Trudeau)
       | as Canada's main eastern airport, but, in part because of its
       | long distance from the city, this never happened, and Mirabel
       | stopped serving passenger traffic in 2004.
       | 
       | It was because of very stupid mismanagement and lack of
       | connections, not the distance.
       | 
       | The old airport remained opened and continued serving domestic
       | flights, while international ones were moved to Mirabel... which
       | was extremely dumb because Montreal was the major interchange
       | point between international arrivals and smaller locations not
       | served directly by international flights in Canada. So most of
       | the utility of Montreal airport was killed, and airlines started
       | serving other airports in Canada to do the same thing.
       | 
       | Also, there was no good link to the airport - it shouldn't have
       | opened without a direct at least somewhat fast rail link, but it
       | had no good road nor rail connection.
       | 
       | Also, it was put in the wrong place - one of the potential
       | locations was midway between Ottawa and Montreal and could have
       | served both cities, but politicians decided they don't want that.
        
         | vel0city wrote:
         | That sounds like exceptionally poor planning. Just to confirm,
         | the new airport served pretty much only international flights?
         | It should have been the nexus for domestic travel to connect to
         | the big hop to Europe, meaning it should have had a _ton_ of
         | domestic routes as well feeding it.
        
           | TRDRVR wrote:
           | It's the main counterexample to 'The Olympics are good
           | because they force the development of infrastructure that
           | otherwise wouldn't get built' argument.
           | 
           | Many of the weird choices about that airport was made so it
           | would be open and useful for the 1976 Olympics. The location
           | was closer to Montreal (but father from Ottawa) in part to
           | make the international arrival experience better for the fans
           | (not for the long-term users of the airport). The plan was
           | 'International flights in time for the Olympics and Domestic
           | flights a couple of years later' as a way to 'show off to the
           | world.'
           | 
           | All this rushing and purpose-building led to suboptimal
           | decision making that ultimately made it a completely wasted
           | investment.
           | 
           | A similar story can be told about Olympic stadium in
           | Montreal.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | I thought the main counterexample to that argument was the
             | fact that it has never worked anywhere.
             | 
             | From what I've heard, the Olympics have failed to benefit
             | every city that's hosted them except LA, and the reason
             | they were good for LA was specifically that no new
             | infrastructure was built to accommodate them.
        
               | rqtwteye wrote:
               | I think Munich did well in 1972. They got a lot of public
               | transport and most of the sports facilities are used a
               | lot.
        
               | Andrex wrote:
               | Shame about the security, though.
        
               | mdtusz wrote:
               | Many will disagree with me, but the Vancouver Olympics
               | prompted construction of some things that I would
               | consider vital to the Sea to Sky region - the highway
               | upgrade being the biggest.
        
               | mdtusz wrote:
               | Many will disagree with me, but the Vancouver Olympics
               | prompted construction of some things that I would
               | consider vital to the Sea to Sky region - the highway
               | upgrade being the biggest.
        
               | Mvandenbergh wrote:
               | London as well, or at least broke even. (Although of
               | course this is complicated to assess and contested).
               | 
               | Same reason, all infrastructure was either already there
               | or usable after (the Olympic stadium was sold to a
               | football team).
               | 
               | Generally the larger a city is, the better able it is to
               | host an event like this for obvious reasons.
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | > It's the main counterexample to 'The Olympics are good
             | because they force the development of infrastructure that
             | otherwise wouldn't get built' argument.
             | 
             | > Many of the weird choices about that airport was made so
             | it would be open and useful for the 1976 Olympics. The
             | location was closer to Montreal (but father from Ottawa) in
             | part to make the international arrival experience better
             | for the fans (not for the long-term users of the airport).
             | The plan was 'International flights in time for the
             | Olympics and Domestic flights a couple of years later' as a
             | way to 'show off to the world.'
             | 
             | That's just poor and short sighted planning, nothing
             | specific for the Olympics. Paris for instance isn't making
             | any such short term infrastructure decisions, only rushing
             | to finish some stuff before the Olympics (e.g. line 14 to
             | Orly, while failing others like line 15 South which was
             | supposed to be ready but won't).
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | It is a common enough thing with the olympics to consider
               | it specific to the olympics even though it hapbens
               | elsewhere.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | "exceptionally poor planning" is common in big projects like
           | this.
           | 
           | As soon as the design/planning teams gets big enough that
           | there are many people who barely know eachother, they start
           | competing to the detriment of the whole...
           | 
           | Nobody wants their part late/over budget, so they do things
           | to screw other parts of the project just so their part isn't
           | late or over budget.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | You also have large groups of various entities brawling
             | over it, and you end up with compromises - where compromise
             | means _nobody_ is happy about _anything_.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | > Just to confirm, the new airport served pretty much only
           | international flights
           | 
           | Yes, they decided they'll try to do it like Paris with CDG
           | and Orly, but fundamentally misunderstood the differences the
           | traffic - Orly mostly serves tourist destinations or places
           | where lots of people living and working in France have
           | origins in such as Portugal and the Maghreb from where there
           | will be limited amounts of changes to international flights;
           | and Air France is abandoning Orly and focusing entirely on
           | CDG because even the small opportunity misses aren't worth
           | the extra costs. And both are well connected to the city
           | they're serving, including to each other with the RER B (okay
           | it takes 1h30m, but at least it's a mostly direct
           | connection). And CDG even has high speed rail to other
           | cities.
           | 
           | Montreal isn't even close in terms of traffic patterns... and
           | even if it was, the connectivity to Montreal (and ideally
           | Ottawa) really wasn't there.
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _Just to confirm, the new airport served pretty much only
           | international flights?_
           | 
           | It was a pretty common urban planning concept for a large
           | city to have one airport devoted mostly or entirely to
           | domestic flights, and one mostly or entirely for
           | international flights.                  New York domestic:
           | EWR        New York international: JFK        New York
           | freight: LGA        Chicago domestic: MDW        Chicago
           | international: ORD        Houston domestic: HOU
           | Houston international: IAH        Dallas domestic: LUV
           | Dallas international: DFW        Paris international: CGD
           | Paris international: ORY        Washington domestic: DCA
           | Washington international: IAD
           | 
           | Notice how some airports (IAD, IAH) specifically have
           | "International Airport" in their codes.
           | 
           | It worked fine for a very long time until the airlines
           | optimized into the hub-and-spoke system we have today, where
           | connecting flights has become normalized.
           | 
           | Because people think now it's normal to have connecting
           | flights all the time, the domestic airports have added
           | international flights, and vice-versa.
           | 
           | What was once orderly and predictable has become very messy,
           | and had a number of other side-effects.
        
             | sumtechguy wrote:
             | I too thought 'international' in the name meant something.
             | Until I worked with a guy who was into gliders. They named
             | the large empty grass field that you had to drive for an
             | hour to get to an 'international' airport. It was basically
             | just enough to get a very small airplane aloft with a
             | glider attached. They thought it was funny they pulled it
             | off.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | "International" in the name of an airport signifies that
               | it is certified to receive international flights.
               | 
               | I'm pointing out the use of "International" in airport
               | codes, not names.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | International means customs is there when you land your
               | plane. Tiny airports near borders tend to be
               | international while larger ones far away are not as
               | nobody flies the from elsewhere anyway. some airports you
               | need to make an appointment or customes will not be
               | there.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | LUV is an airport in Indonesia, Dallas Love Field is DAL.
             | DAL was forced to be a domestic-only airport from the
             | Wright amendment as DFW was way the hell out in the middle
             | of nowhere in '79, nobody would have bothered going out
             | there if they weren't forced to by federal law. American
             | Airlines wanted an airport, and the federal government gave
             | it to them.
             | 
             | And sure, IAH is the bigger international airport in
             | Houston, but it also carries an absolutely massive amount
             | of domestic travel as well. My comment was about having an
             | airport be almost _exclusively_ international travel with
             | few domestic connections.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | > DAL was forced to be a domestic-only airport from the
               | Wright amendment as DFW was way the hell out in the
               | middle of nowhere in '79, nobody would have bothered
               | going out there if they weren't forced to by federal law.
               | American Airlines wanted an airport, and the federal
               | government gave it to them.
               | 
               | That's more than a little revisionist: following the
               | CAB's demand for a joint international-class airport
               | (Dallas refused to use GSW, and DAL had gotten way too
               | small for the traffic, and its runways too small for
               | international jets), Dallas, Fort Worth, and the existing
               | airlines signed an agreement to phase out cross-state
               | operations at local airports and move them all to DFW.
               | When DFW opened, all the airlines moved their non-local
               | operations there per the agreement.
               | 
               | Except Southwest, who'd been created after the agreement,
               | decided they were not bound by it, and enjoyed a now
               | empty and easily accessible airport. And since
               | Southwest's operations were initially intrastate, they
               | didn't fall under CAB jurisdiction, which was the reason
               | for DFW existing in the first place.
               | 
               | The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 then meant Southwest
               | was able to expand to interstate traffic without being
               | restrictible by a dying CAB.
               | 
               | Wright was passed to protect an airport which CAB had all
               | but forced on the area (though to be fair CAB was paying
               | for airports, which was why they wanted them regrouped).
               | Plus bankrupting DFW would have completely broken DAL and
               | aviation to the region.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Thanks for informing me to the history of the CAB
               | decisions. In the end though, it still seems like
               | American and Braniff weren't happy people were sticking
               | it out with Love instead of their larger and fancier
               | airport, and deregulation gave people the market to
               | choose which airport they really wanted to go to until
               | the Wright amendment forced people again. Even knowing
               | this additional history of it being a joint decision pre-
               | deregulation, I'd still argue my earlier viewpoint still
               | has a good bit of truth to it. American Airlines (and a
               | few others) wanted people to use the new airport instead
               | of the airport the people wanted and got Congress to
               | force people to go to DFW. GSW failed because people
               | didn't really want it. DFW would have failed post
               | deregulation as well if the federal government didn't
               | force it to succeed.
               | 
               | FWIW I do agree this was ultimately a good thing in the
               | end though. It would not have been good for DFW airport
               | to fail, and the region definitely did need a larger
               | airport.
               | 
               | It seems like we do agree with this line though:
               | 
               | > nobody would have bothered going out there if they
               | weren't forced to by federal law.
        
             | chrisdhal wrote:
             | > Notice how some airports (IAD, IAH) specifically have
             | "International Airport" in their codes.
             | 
             | Since this is HN, we'll get ultra-pedantic...
             | 
             | IAH is technically "Intercontinental Airport of Houston",
             | not "international" for some reason (full name is "George
             | Bush Intercontinental Airport").
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | > It was a pretty common urban planning concept for a large
             | city to have one airport devoted mostly or entirely to
             | domestic flights, and one mostly or entirely for
             | international flights.
             | 
             | Which, like urban highways, really doesn't make a sense in
             | most cases if one spends a few minutes thinking about it.
             | And especially doesn't make sense for an airport whose main
             | traffic is connecting international and domestic flights.
             | 
             | Urban planners in many places in the 1950-1990 time were...
             | special. Blindly copying bullshit that didn't make sense
             | originally and definitely didn't make sense in their city.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | Montreal isn't the only city that failed with a too-far-away
         | airport. Tokyo built Narita against much local opposition (they
         | still check your ID before you're allowed inside the airport,
         | to make sure you're not an angry local resident), and the
         | opposition resulted in not being able to build the transport
         | link they wanted (the Narita Shinkansen). The result is a good
         | hour wasted on conventional rail to get to Tokyo. (Sky Access
         | kind of fixed this, but I think it's limited to 160km/h and
         | still takes 40 minutes.)
         | 
         | Meanwhile, in the 2010s they expanded Haneda and started
         | accepting international flights, and you can get to Tokyo via a
         | variety of normal trains (and buses if your destination is on
         | the Shinjuku side of things) in 15 minutes.
         | 
         | The whole thing is landfill, so no residents to be mad either.
         | 
         | Last time I flew to Haneda they made all the flights from the
         | US arrive and depart at times when public transportation wasn't
         | running, to discourage those flights, but it seems like they
         | stopped doing that. So now it's more convenient for everyone,
         | and Narita is largely pointless for everyone that isn't an
         | extreme budget traveler (but I think Haneda built Terminal 3
         | for that use case... so... is there any reason for Narita to
         | exist if you aren't visiting Chiba?)
        
           | niklasrde wrote:
           | Arlanda feels like another good example of a "far out" (23
           | mi) airport that works pretty damn well. 18 minutes on the
           | train.
        
             | mayormcmatt wrote:
             | Arlanda is my favorite major-city airport. I'm not as well-
             | traveled as many, but I've been to dozens and it's my
             | favorite. I've transited between Stockholm, Norrtalje, and
             | the airport in bus, tax, and train, with each being the
             | easiest experience I've had with that respective form of
             | transit.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Zurich Airport was much better for me, a few minutes to
               | Zurich by train and they go every few minutes and tickets
               | are cheap since those are the commuter trains. No need to
               | plan, just go to the train station and hop on the first
               | train and you are there in less than 10 minutes.
               | 
               | It really blew my mind when I first visited, I never
               | thought getting to a major international airport could be
               | that convenient. Swiss transit is so well designed.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Copenhagen is as good if not better than both, at least
               | accounting for the population being double that of
               | Zurich.
               | 
               | Metro _and_ commuter trains run all day and all night
               | (the trains also go to Malmo in Sweden).
               | 
               | Long distance trains go all the way across Denmark and as
               | far as Gothenburg in Sweden, although there are very few
               | been midnight at 4am.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | Haneda is bigger, but not big enough to take on Narita's 2019
           | 42 million additional pax.
           | 
           | Most large cities have more than one airport anyways. London
           | has like six, New York has three, Beijing has two, etc.
        
           | proggy wrote:
           | Eh, I get all that, but Narita is still quite useful as a
           | transfer hub for passengers traveling between North America
           | and East Asia. Haneda's gate capacity is also a limiting
           | factor, Narita is a necessary companion airport to soak up
           | excess passenger demand.
        
           | thrawa8387336 wrote:
           | I had to laugh out. The Japanese do not like the American
           | tourists?
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | more like, Narita cost a lot of money to build, and the
             | smart money if allowed to would just flood Haneda with as
             | many flights as possible and leave Narita an empty husk.
             | 
             | Putting more restrictions on Haneda allows Narita to not be
             | a totally useless airport.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Exactly - it has to be holistic and actually planned out. If
         | you want to run two airports in the same city, there really
         | should be some form of quick connection between them, or each
         | has to be so big as to be self-sufficient.
         | 
         |  _Moving_ an airport is even harder than just building one,
         | because the airport often doesn 't own all the businesses and
         | land around said airport, and so is negotiation making those
         | less valuable. And at some point, it's stuck - LAX is so
         | enclosed in Los Angeles and LA is so big that you'd be quite
         | far from it to add a new airport. You're more likely to
         | repurpose Ontario or even a military base instead.
        
           | giantrobot wrote:
           | > You're more likely to repurpose Ontario or even a military
           | base instead.
           | 
           | Ontario _was_ repurposed, at least expanded greatly in scope.
           | It used to be basically a UPS and FedEx airstrip with very
           | limited passenger flights. But LAX was so overloaded and out
           | of the way (for a lot of the IE and LA county) Ontario 's
           | passenger terminals were significantly expanded. Unless your
           | destination is in the LA metro area Ontario (or John Wayne)
           | is way more convenient than LAX.
        
         | benjymo wrote:
         | It also should be connected to the national rail network so
         | long distance trains go there directly. It greatly reduces time
         | to switch trains when you're not directly from the nearest
         | city.
         | 
         | Vienna did this with their airport.
        
           | sealeck wrote:
           | Switzerland also has this, for example there is a direct
           | train from Zurich Airport to Geneva Airport.
        
           | 11101010001100 wrote:
           | It is (in theory). There is a via rail track and stop < 1 km
           | away.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | That's inadequate. I don't want to drag my luggage around
             | the front of the terminal looking for the shuttle bus to
             | the station, wait for it to arrive, figure out paying for
             | the bus (if it isn't free), then wait for a train.
             | 
             | The railway line should go underneath the airport terminal
             | building. If that's not possible, a covered walkway is OK.
             | Many significant European airports are like this.
             | 
             | If a connection on medium/long distance trains isn't
             | realistic, at least there should be a metro (or whatever
             | the 'best' transport the city has, e.g. light rail).
             | 
             | Compare:
             | 
             | Mirabelle: https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=45.679722&ml
             | on=-74.03861...
             | 
             | Vienna:
             | https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=13/48.1155/16.5329
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Only if the airport is onithe way. Overall the city center is
           | more important so don't slow down trains for people who don't
           | want to be at the airport.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | Yep, Paris CDG has a small version of this (high speed trains
           | only, but this allows for connections between planes and rail
           | to be made) which is getting expanded with a link to the
           | regional network of the region right to the north of the
           | airport.
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | It sounds like basically all of the issues amount to "it was
         | too far away to be convenient."
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | No.
           | 
           | They split the traffic between domestic and international
           | making Montreal no longer useful as an interchange hub.
           | 
           | They failed to implement any proper connections to the city
           | itself, which is related to but not due to the distance.
           | 
           | They also failed to place the airport in between two cities
           | to have a bigger market for it.
        
         | codexb wrote:
         | Yeah, Denver Intl is out way outside of Denver and it's a major
         | hub.
        
       | duped wrote:
       | Airlines should go build their hubs in a better geographical
       | location than major cities, like O'hare. And pay for it with
       | their own money.
       | 
       | At ORD for example, something like half of all the air traffic
       | are connecting flights. There's a bit of money to be made by gate
       | fees, but the pressure on the surrounding suburbs (I don't even
       | know if the neighbors even get those fees, since the airport is
       | technically within Chicago's city limits) to allow whatever
       | expansion is necessary for American and United to make more money
       | ferrying people over our homes is untenable.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | What's untenable about it? The busy airport has been there
         | longer than most people have been alive. People who live in the
         | suburbs knew what they were getting into.
        
           | duped wrote:
           | Tell that to the people who lived in the heart of Bensenville
           | that's now a runway.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | What's your point? You could say the same thing about
             | almost any major infrastructure project. We can't allow a
             | handful of residents somewhere to veto everything. This is
             | exactly what eminent domain was intended for: as long as
             | they received fair compensation then it's fine.
        
               | duped wrote:
               | You can't say "they know what they were getting into"
               | when the state shows up and demolishes half a community
               | that had been there for 130 years. I don't think anyone
               | expects the state to force them off their land or their
               | town demolished.
               | 
               | > We can't allow a handful of residents somewhere to veto
               | everything.
               | 
               | We also shouldn't allow non-residents to profit off the
               | pain of people who actually live where the infrastructure
               | is.
               | 
               | My point is that the surrounding suburbs are suffering
               | the pain of being adjacent to an airport while deriving
               | very little benefit, and those do benefit want to expand
               | to increase traffic. Chicago gets quite a lot out of the
               | increasing traffic through O'hare while the people that
               | actually live nearby don't.
        
               | bilbo0s wrote:
               | _We also shouldn 't allow non-residents to profit off the
               | pain of people who actually live where the infrastructure
               | is._
               | 
               | Sir, this is the entire _point_ of a suburb. Suburbs
               | exist so their residents can take advantage of the
               | infrastructural, entertainment and commercial benefits of
               | a city without having to contribute to said municipality.
               | Do you really lack that much self-awareness? By virtue of
               | living in the suburb in the first place, you, yourself,
               | are engaging in the very activity that you are decrying.
        
             | bilbo0s wrote:
             | I think you're being willfully argumentative.
             | 
             | ORD is critical not only to travel and commercial interests
             | in the region and nationally, but also to military and
             | national interests globally. I'm not even going to sit here
             | and try to explain to you the geographically strategic
             | nature of Chicago's location to the US because you clearly
             | aren't here to listen to reason. I'll just say that you
             | asserting that suburbanites don't like ORD is not even
             | close to a good enough reason for the rest of us to
             | abrogate the societal contract with military and commercial
             | sense.
             | 
             | If you are displeased with the nature of Chicago's suburbs,
             | perhaps you'd be more comfortable in another metro area?
             | ORD is not going anywhere, but you can go elsewhere if it
             | pleases you to do so.
        
               | duped wrote:
               | Your reply is quite rude. I didn't say we should tear up
               | ORD, I was pointing out the flaws with expansion. And
               | every government except Chicago seems to be in agreement
               | with that, which is why the Peotene project exists.
        
               | bilbo0s wrote:
               | No, every suburban _politician_ is in agreement with it
               | and have demanded a study for a boondoggle go forward to
               | placate entitled suburbanites like yourself. This exact
               | plan has been tried, and failed, in many cities around
               | the world. The only places it worked are places with
               | high-speed rail. Does Chicago have high-speed rail?
               | 
               | The problem in this country is that we coddle lefties and
               | righties even when they have ideas deleterious to our own
               | good. But I get it, politicians have to play to their
               | crowds. No matter how ill-informed and uneducated those
               | crowds may be. So we spend billions on billions doing
               | things like moving water from Colorado to the middle of
               | the desert for Scottsdale Arizona. Building airports to
               | nowhere like COU so people can attend college football
               | games I guess? And replacing bridges in Minneapolis that
               | never would have fallen if we had put the infrastructure
               | dollars into maintenance where they belong in the first
               | place, instead of pork barrel projects for entitled
               | special interest groups demanding things that make
               | literally no sense at all.
        
         | samtho wrote:
         | Why would an airline have any business in acquiring, getting
         | approved/zoned, and constructing an bespoke airport close to a
         | major metro that would presumably only benefit that airline?
         | Airlines already operate at razor thin margins, specialize in
         | only the transporting aspect, and would _not_ be the best party
         | to oversee the development of airfields and airports.
         | Additionally, companies other than the major airlines use an
         | airport, from cargo carriers (large jetliners to "FedEx
         | feeder"-type routes), private operations like NetJets, and even
         | privately owned and operated aircraft all use it.
         | 
         | This is solidly the domain of a local company, collective, or a
         | local municipality that understands this business and every
         | aspect of it. Airlines are happy to pay usage fees (landing
         | fees, gate fees, leasing) to specifically not deal with airport
         | operations unrelated to their own fleet and operations.
         | 
         | We need to find ways to improve the process from initial
         | concept, terminal layout, retail spaces, and public ground
         | transport that connects to the city center.
         | 
         | Also, usually the airport is there before homes were built so
         | every owner in the flight path made the decision to live there.
        
           | duped wrote:
           | I think you misunderstand my comment.
           | 
           | Airlines should _not_ be building a  "bespoke airport close
           | to a major metro" that only benefits that airline. They
           | should be building their hubs in the middle of nowhere and
           | serve only connecting flights out of them, because it's the
           | fact that the hubs are in the metros that cause problems.
           | 
           | When half of the traffic through the airport isn't destined
           | for the metro, then half the traffic doesn't need to be going
           | through it.
           | 
           | > Also, usually the airport is there before homes were built
           | so every owner in the flight path made the decision to live
           | there.
           | 
           | I don't want to respond to this because I think it misses
           | that opposition to airport expansion isn't just "planes
           | loud." There is not a place in west suburban Chicagoland
           | unaffected by the expansion of O'hare. It is not just about
           | the flight paths.
           | 
           | The airlines don't even want it anymore.
        
             | mst wrote:
             | I quite like the idea of dedicated hubs a decent distance
             | away from anything else, but you'd still need to staff and
             | supply it so "the middle of nowhere" probably isn't
             | feasible.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Airlines make an airport a hub because half the people
             | _are_ going there, not because of the half that aren 't.
             | 
             | If they could sell their gate slots and use another hub at
             | a reasonable profit, they would.
             | 
             | Of course, we're past when everyone wanted 747s and giant
             | Airbuses so perhaps the hub and spoke system will slowly
             | melt away into smaller more direct flights.
        
           | m0llusk wrote:
           | This way the airline can be nearly certain of getting plenty
           | of gate space. Delta played a strong role in building Atlanta
           | Hartsfield.
        
         | fasthands9 wrote:
         | Airports are one thing that the government has to be involved
         | in either way.
         | 
         | You can't just tell airlines to pay for things themselves but
         | then also give every suburb the ability to veto construction on
         | land in _other_ cities.
        
       | meerita wrote:
       | I had a private flight two years ago. The place was close to a
       | garage. People who are ultra rich visit those places. Airports
       | are just like prisions for common people, because they need to
       | spend hours in it.
        
       | jgeada wrote:
       | > Most NIMBY difficulties stem from the asymmetric nature of the
       | costs and benefits of a new project: a new apartment building,
       | for instance, will benefit a city overall (slightly lowering
       | housing costs and slightly increasing the size of the city's
       | labor market), but those benefits are diffuse. The costs, on the
       | other hand - traffic, parking, construction disruption - will be
       | borne almost entirely by the surrounding residents, who will thus
       | rationally oppose it.
       | 
       | I have always wondered why we don't structure payments of some
       | form to balance out the local costs of infrastructure etc. NIMBY
       | is rational with the economics as they are; but would you really
       | be as opposed to a local power plant if energy costs for the area
       | near the plant were subsidized by some percentage? Balance out
       | the local costs with a local benefit.
        
         | spacecadet wrote:
         | NIMBY is not rational! Its a biased selfish decision that
         | protects ones own, shrouded in "community" -- Except I'm
         | directly involved with my community and none of the loud
         | talking NIMBY's ever show up... GET LOST.
        
         | stdbrouw wrote:
         | Or the other way around: as a tax with a Georgist flavor. If
         | your land has a value of $x/m^2 when free of zoning
         | restrictions, but your neighborhood really wants to keep it
         | free of noise / traffic / high buildings or high density, and
         | as a consequence land value drops to $y/m^2, that is perfectly
         | fine but it will cost you $x - $y each year.
        
         | daveoc64 wrote:
         | >I have always wondered why we don't structure payments of some
         | form to balance out the local costs of infrastructure etc.
         | NIMBY is rational with the economics as they are; but would you
         | really be as opposed to a local power plant if energy costs for
         | the area near the plant were subsidized by some percentage?
         | Balance out the local costs with a local benefit.
         | 
         | I've seen this proposed for various things like onshore wind
         | farms (e.g. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-60864097),
         | but there usually has to be a limit to the
         | subsidy/discount/bribe - otherwise it wouldn't be viable for
         | the company that wants the infrastructure.
         | 
         | I saw something suggested in the region of 25% discount on
         | electricity bill for people near such a site, for up to 10
         | years. I don't think that such a temporary benefit would be
         | enough to convince me of having something nearby if I thought
         | it was permanently detrimental to the neighbourhood or my
         | property. (Not that I'm claiming to be a NIMBY).
        
           | eastbound wrote:
           | > otherwise it wouldn't be viable for the company that wants
           | the infrastructure.
           | 
           | Well, isn't that a proof that the benefit doesn't balance the
           | downsides? What if the answer were really "We shouldn't build
           | more infrastructure, we shouldn't overpopulate this city
           | anymore" ?
        
           | tomatocracy wrote:
           | This actually isn't that uncommon for airports. The first
           | example which comes to mind is London City Airport which pays
           | for local homes to have noise insulation fitted[0]. I believe
           | doing this has been a condition of them being granted
           | planning approval to increase the number of flights they
           | operate a number of times over the years.
           | 
           | 0. https://www.londoncityairport.com/corporate/environment/no
           | is...
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | This has been done in various ways, I seem to remember a
         | nuclear power plant that just took over property tax for
         | everyone around it.
         | 
         | The problem with these kinds of "structured bribes" is that
         | they're made with the people living there at the time, but
         | those people move or die, and the newcomers grumble.
        
       | JohnMakin wrote:
       | Good article but it's many thousands of words with one simple
       | answer: noise pollution.
       | 
       | I lived directly under the path of an airport's takeoff vector.
       | Planes would frequently take off just a few hundred feet above my
       | house. You actually get used to it, but as I've gotten older my
       | hearing loss is more than it should be and I suspect that was a
       | major reason.
        
         | spdustin wrote:
         | Sounds like Midway (MDW). Even with noise abatement procedures,
         | planes take off and land "hot and heavy" which is louder than
         | usual nearest to the airport.
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | Noise pollution _and_ air pollution. I love the pretty browns
         | and purples of my sunset over YYZ, but it's filthy. Every time
         | I come home, the smell is disgusting.
        
       | michael1999 wrote:
       | Mirabel was well planned, but was undone by events.
       | 
       | Montreal in the 19060s was the undisputed centre of Canada for
       | business, culture, population, sport, politics, and international
       | relations. Canada expected to grow by millions of people, and we
       | expected a large number of them to settle in Montreal. 35 miles
       | was a modest buffer zone anticipating enormous suburban sprawl.
       | 
       | The whole project was derailed in the 70s by the terrorism of the
       | FLQ, and then the 1980 secession referendum. Suddenly, banks,
       | insurance companies, and foreign offices took flight and moved on
       | down the road to Toronto. Montreal _lost_ hundreds of thousands
       | of high-paying jobs, and hundreds of thousands people as anglos
       | and jews fled. Montreal sunk into a 15 year depression. Toronto
       | became the new centre of Canadian business, culture, and sport.
       | Toronto became a major Jewish city, and immigration shifted for
       | good. The influx triggered a property bubble (and then the condo-
       | crash of 1989).
       | 
       | The growth of Toronto of the last 40 years was planned for
       | Montreal, and had it happened there, Mirabel would be a thriving
       | international airpot. Toronto was unprepared, but Montreal had
       | been planning for decades. To this day, Montreal _still_ has more
       | subway track than TO.
        
         | lainga wrote:
         | And who knows -- maybe they wouldn't have all left if you
         | didn't regard them as "anglos and jews"
        
         | karmoka wrote:
         | mtl was absolutely not the indisputed business center of Canada
         | in the 1960s.
         | 
         | Headquarters and capital were already moving towards Toronto by
         | the 60s, following the opening of the St-Lawrence Seaway, the
         | growing importance of the american economy for Canada and the
         | progression of the quiet revolution which saw the province
         | become way less interesting for the old money from the Golden
         | Square Mile.
         | 
         | The FLQ was also most active in the 60s, culminating in 1970
         | with the October Crisis and then nearly seized to exist in the
         | 70s/80s bar the occasional bombing by the RCMP (see the Keable,
         | Mcdonald commissions and Robert Samson)
         | 
         | The 1980 referendum did lead to what a few economists dubbed
         | the "Montreal Effect", and there's certainly some factual basis
         | to it in the form of the flight of many anglophones from the
         | province, but arguing that the sovereignty movement was mostly
         | if not solely responsible for this trend we were seeing before
         | it was on the radar instead of precipitating the ongoing
         | changes is overstating the case.
         | 
         | That said, Mirabel was a disaster regardless of the following
         | growth of mtl. It was rushed for the Olympics, the plans to
         | properly connect it fell before it became clear that mtl's
         | population wouldn't grow as fast as predicted and airlines
         | absolutely loathed it from day one.
        
           | michael1999 wrote:
           | I'm not sure we disagree. I consider the quiet revolution,
           | the FQL, the nationalist movement, and the PQ to be all of a
           | piece -- the same thing in different generational clothing.
           | I'll agree that far-sighted foreign money saw the writing on
           | the wall as early as the 60s and started making new
           | investments outside of Quebec But actually moving running
           | businesses is much more disruptive, and only happened later.
           | The whole process took decades, and culturally, Montreal was
           | the capital well into the early 80s. Toronto didn't even have
           | a baseball team until 77.
           | 
           | I probably underweight the impact of the seaway. Me
           | experience is in office work. And there, Hogtown was
           | decidedly a solid second city -- like Chicago, or Lyon.
           | Commercial banking was booming. But RBC, BMO, and many
           | insurance companies still had their head-quarters in Montreal
           | in the 1960s. RBC moved their headquarters in 1976, and BMO
           | moved in 1977. Sun Life moved in 1978.
           | 
           | It think it is obvious that the condo boom/crash of the 1980s
           | was a direct consequence of 400k wealthy people moving en
           | mass over a decade. Just an enormous bolus of money.
           | 
           | The discussions of the day make are explicit that the PQ, the
           | nationalist movement, and bill 101 in particular were driving
           | the exodus.
           | 
           | https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/history-
           | through-...
           | 
           | As for Mirabel - agree. The plans made sense in the 1960s
           | when the planning started, but the shift to Toronto was
           | underway before they broke ground in the mid 70s. But
           | politics is run by older people, and their imaginations are
           | rooted in the past, not the future. Toronto has the mirror
           | problem -- run by Orange-order children who long for the days
           | of zipping down the Kingsway to downtown in 15 minutes. We're
           | only now moving into a generation of leaders who grew up with
           | Toronto as the centre of Canada, and realizing we need
           | infrastructure to match. We spent 40 years without building a
           | thing while millions moved here.
        
         | throwaway2037 wrote:
         | > Toronto became a major Jewish city
         | 
         | I am confused by this part. Can you please explain? On the
         | surface, it doesn't read well. Maybe my English isn't so good.
        
           | mst wrote:
           | It means there are lots more Jews living in Toronto now.
           | 
           | 'major' is in terms of its relevance to the wider Jewish
           | community, which is inevitably going to be affected by how
           | many members live there.
           | 
           | None of the various sorts of people being stupid about Jews
           | are involved :)
        
       | TylerE wrote:
       | Has anyone ever tried to build an airport where the terminals and
       | actual flight ops area was miles away (noise, etc).
       | 
       | Basically I'm picturing something like an urban train station
       | (plus TSA, and customs) that would be located downtown. This is
       | where you'd have check-in, security, baggage claim, etc. After
       | clearing security, you'd get on some sort of rail transit
       | (monorail, maglev, subway, whatever, doesn't matter THAT much as
       | long as it can get out to the flight area in 10-15 minutes.
       | 
       | Basically put the people bits where it's convenient, and the
       | noisy stuff where it isn't.
        
         | Duhck wrote:
         | I love this idea. Hong Kong has something kinda like this with
         | bag check in town, and then a train to the airport. It's
         | extremely convenient
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | Are there any other major international airports in the world
           | that have the equivalent setup of Hongkong? For other
           | readers: There is a fast-but-not-high-speed direct train from
           | city centre to the airport. At the city terminal, there are
           | tiny airline checkin booths where you can leave your bags.
           | Magically, they are transported to the airport.
        
             | mst wrote:
             | I remember flying into Germany once, my ticket including
             | the train, and my luggage having been sent on ahead to the
             | Lufthansa terminal at the other end.
             | 
             | (I forget which city now, maybe Frankfurt?)
             | 
             | It was very cool except for the part where it was
             | apparently so normal that they'd keep responsibility for
             | your luggage that there wasn't (that I noticed, at least)
             | any warning that was going to happen. I spent a while at
             | baggage claim going wtf and eventually found a desk with
             | somebody who took pity on me and explained.
             | 
             | A+ would use service again now I know how it works.
        
             | galvan wrote:
             | Yes, TPE in Taiwan has the same setup. At Taipei Main
             | Station in the city center, there are airline checkin
             | kiosks and bag drops. You take the train to the airport,
             | and your bags are ingested into the baggage system for you.
             | 
             | https://www.tymetro.com.tw/tymetro-
             | new/en/_pages/checkin/ind...
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | There are companies selling it:
             | https://amadeus.com/en/portfolio/airports/off-airport-
             | check-... but I've not seen anything as remote as Hong
             | Kong.
             | 
             | I seem to remember Japan would let you check your luggage
             | at the hotel and they'd handle a freight forwarder to your
             | next hotel, which is not quite the same thing but related.
        
             | tomatocracy wrote:
             | The Heathrow Express used to have this at Paddington
             | station, though I think it closed a while ago.
             | 
             | A similar idea which is available in London though is
             | Airportr - this is a company which will send someone to
             | collect your bags from your home/hotel and then inject them
             | directly into the airport baggage system for you (if you're
             | flying with the right airlines and checked in online). I've
             | used it a few times and it's very good.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | I'm not sure what you'd really gain. As it is, you can check-in
         | online and I'm mostly just going straight to TSA Pre-check.
         | It's all a trivial part of the airport infrastructure. And
         | there are a bunch of reasons to have gates that you actually
         | board the planes from.
        
           | TylerE wrote:
           | Convenient drop off in town instead of having to drive 45
           | minutes, and then pay to park your car. By placing all the
           | security stuff at the 'town end', that would also allow for
           | things like lounges, etc. The actual terminals could be very
           | compact since you wouldn't head out there until it's almost
           | time. Could use a small-vehicle people mover type system...
           | imagine scanning a boarding pass when you get on the vehicle,
           | and instead of dropping you at a central station, it dropped
           | you right at your gate?
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | In town is only convenient if you live in town or are
             | visiting there. Where's the parking? Where's the rental car
             | service? The actual terminals are a pretty trivial part of
             | the total airport area.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | Not to be trite, but "people who live here, or people who
               | are traveling here" is sort of their target market.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | So now you'll have the in-city checkin version and the
               | in-airport checkin version? Because you definitely need
               | parking and rental cars somewhere convenient. "Here"
               | means a greater area serviced by a large airport which is
               | a lot more than a city.
               | 
               | There probably would even be a market for an in-city bag
               | drop service. But it wouldn't replace people driving to
               | the airport.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | If the airport wasn't way outside town, many of those
               | people wouldn't need to park, as they could just take
               | public transit or an Uber, and the same would also mean
               | that many people traveling in won't need to rent a car.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | In the us transit isn't normally good enough. most people
               | rent a car. I wish that would change.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I pretty much never rent a car if I'm going into a city.
               | But I'm often not actually going into the city that an
               | airport services.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | What's the benefit of having security outside the airport?
         | 
         | There are tons of airports that connect to cities by rail
         | transit. Within the recent past, I've been in three of them,
         | PVG, HKG, and KHH. In no case do they put security outside the
         | airport.
         | 
         | For one thing, subway lines have multiple stops. In order to
         | make sure that everyone who's going to the airport has to go
         | through security, you'd want security to occur after the last
         | stop before the airport... and the site after the last stop
         | before the airport is the airport.
         | 
         | For another thing, why would you want to subject people who
         | _aren 't_ going to the airport to airport security?
         | 
         | When was the last time you thought "this check-in process would
         | be better if it took up a lot of space in the city center, even
         | though the time requirements wouldn't change"?
         | 
         | Now, rail transit to PVG takes multiple hours. But if you
         | replaced the subway connection with a dedicated rail line with
         | one stop in the city center and one at the airport, that
         | wouldn't help much - that just means that people living nearer
         | to the airport have to travel backwards to the city center,
         | subject to the speed of the subway, so they can take the
         | dedicated airport express to the airport.
        
           | TylerE wrote:
           | The point of doing it this way is that the secure perimeter
           | would extended all the way to the central station. That's the
           | whole idea. Essentially, this urban hub is "the airport" in
           | terms of traveling to it. Think of the actual hub -> board
           | gates/runway connections as like a really long people mover,
           | not just extending a subway line and drawing a new dot.
           | 
           | Trains could travel on a totally grade separated route with
           | strict access controls. Having the last mile part of the
           | train journey controlled by the airport instead of some civic
           | transit authority would allow for a much more reliable
           | system, since they would be insulated from disruption to the
           | larger system, and could also make situation specific choices
           | for optimization.
           | 
           | For instance: Compared to standard transit, many people will
           | be bringing carry on luggage... so probably best to scale
           | everything up maybe 25%...physically make the car wider.
           | Wider doors, wider aisles. Luggage racks everywhere... maybe
           | to a standard width but only have two seats on one side, and
           | luggage rack on the other.
        
             | 8organicbits wrote:
             | How do you exit? Do you take a train back to city center,
             | or do you have an option to exit near the runways? I wonder
             | if you'd end up with multiple entry points with this model.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | You likely would. The simplest example would be a high-
               | speed train that connected two airports (either two
               | existing, or an old and new). You could imagine a high-
               | speed subway that connected JFK to EWR that was about 30
               | minutes or less. Now you don't have to work out how to
               | get to a specific airport, you get to the closest one.
               | 
               | For people without luggage, the difference is minor; but
               | if you are checking bags it would be a huge advantage to
               | dump your bags as soon as possible.
        
             | brewdad wrote:
             | The trouble with this plan is that downtown land is more
             | expensive than rural land. The land area you need to
             | efficiently build the check-in facilities will be similar
             | whether you put it on site or away from the airport. So
             | you'd spend more for the off-site and then still have to
             | build a people mover that provides zero benefit to anyone
             | not going to and from the airport.
             | 
             | It makes far more sense to build the airport far away and
             | add a public rail service to it that can also serve non-
             | airport passengers.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | In an urban environment you can build UP. Airports avoid
               | structure over 40 or 50ft to avoid interfering with the
               | controllers visibility.
               | 
               | Instead of having one giant check in hall you could have
               | one floor per airline, for instance.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Airports because of noise have plenty of space nobody
               | else wants so building out isn't an issue.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | The exact issue under discussion is "We can't build
               | airports where people can get to them because of how big
               | loud and annoying they are". I am proposing a mitigation
               | aka problem solving.
        
         | ianburrell wrote:
         | One problem is that this plan is bad for everyone in the half
         | of metro closer to airport or coming from other direction. They
         | would have to go out of their way. Or the airport would need
         | checkin facilities, then what is the point of the downtown
         | check in.
         | 
         | The other problem is that regular trains are better because
         | they stop at intermediate stations and can run more frequently
         | because serving regular traffic. The Elizabeth Line is better
         | than the Heathrow Express.
         | 
         | The only way I can see it being advantage is the check in and
         | security is done on the train. That would save time, But that
         | would require a train twice the size with pre and post security
         | areas, and luggage space.
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | In short, it's short-term interests and skewed incentives.
       | 
       | A classic example particular to US airports is why transport
       | links are almost universally terrible. The answer is: parking.
       | Parking is a _huge_ revenue source for airports [1] so airports
       | don 't actually want good public transport links and when you do
       | have them (eg the JFK AirTrain) they're unreasonably expensive.
       | Airports are making up for "lost" revenue. This has been a huge
       | problem as Uber and Lyft have cut into airport revenues.
       | 
       | The real reason this is a problem is because airports make almost
       | nothing from the planes using them. Shouldn't the planes be
       | funded the airport?
       | 
       | Another case study springs to mind: Sydney. Sydney has a very
       | central main airport but it's relatively small compared to demand
       | because it was planned for so long ago. It can't expand: the land
       | around it used now. Sydney has been talking about building a
       | second airport for at least 40 years in Western Sydney
       | (originally named Badgerys Creek). This is much further from the
       | city but has had all the usual planning problems eg developers
       | build homes around the proposed site and then residents complain
       | about the proposed airport that was proposed way before those
       | homes were built. IIRC a similar thing happened around LAX.
       | 
       | This was so much of a hot potato that one Australian government
       | just gave planning permission for Sydney airport to build a third
       | runway in the dead of night and then ran. There are funds to
       | noise-proof affected homes and this was wildly controversial.
       | 
       | I believe the Western Sydney airport is finally happening. I
       | haven't looked at the planes but it doesn't include an efficient
       | and relatively cheap high speed rail link to central Sydney, it's
       | going to struggle.
       | 
       | In the Western world we really need to examine how the supremacy
       | of private property rights and utter car dependence mean we can't
       | build anything, let alone have anything nice. It seems like Asia
       | is the only place where non-horrible airports get built.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.orbility.com/news/64-parking-is-a-huge-money-
       | mak...
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | LAX actually bought out a lot of the built neighborhood land
         | around it and cleared it for expansion, so its not an
         | impossibility.
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | Lots of complex issues, but the distance one is manageable: put
       | the check in / security part of the terminal in the city or at
       | its edge and then send the passengers straight to the appropriate
       | terminal (and their luggage straight to the baggage management)
       | via HSR. You could have multiple check in terminals to expand the
       | catchment area.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | That assumes you're coming from the city and now you need acres
         | of parking in a more built-up urban area.
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | I mention you can have other terminals as well, and those in
           | other urban areas can be connected to transit. You spread the
           | parking around; in cities it's often easier to take transit.
        
       | bediger4000 wrote:
       | How much does Bent Flyvbjerg's work on megaprojects impact this?
       | 
       | Around 2000, he used to claim that either people didn't
       | understand the scope of very large projects, or that there were
       | shenanigans involved.
       | 
       | One of Flyvbjerg's more recent papers:
       | https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.0003
        
       | jameshart wrote:
       | The claim:
       | 
       | > Despite their importance, airports are enormously difficult to
       | build, not only in the US but around the world.
       | 
       | The evidence: all about the US, with a brief sentence about
       | London Heathrow.
       | 
       | New international airport construction projects started in
       | 2021-2022 include Sydney, Mumbai, Addis Ababa, Manila, Cavite
       | (Phillipines), Dong Nai (Vietnam), Noida (India)...
       | 
       | Sounds more like this is just a 'you' problem :)
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | This is mainly focused on noise levels. They did not focus on
       | large runways and the water runoff calcs and flight paths and
       | elevation restrictions on neighboring buildings etc.
       | 
       | It's easier to put in an airport first and then build a city
       | around it than the other way around.
        
       | Scubabear68 wrote:
       | They are trying to expand the Trenton-Mercer Airport. One of the
       | justifications is airport expansion would "increase tourism into
       | the City of Trenton".
       | 
       | Anyone who has been to Trenton, NJ will understand what is wrong
       | with that idea.
        
       | ThinkBeat wrote:
       | One economic problem is that the express train to or from the
       | airport (if there is one) is that a roundtrip ticket can quickly
       | cost more than the roundtrip airfare these days.
       | 
       | That is yet another barrier for disadvantaged people.
       | 
       | When the airport is closer to the city they are often included in
       | the normal public transit system and thus a lot more affordable.
        
       | zzz999 wrote:
       | An airport is very simple to build if you ignore regulations
       | (laws keep getting worst too because they mostly only add them
       | and rarely subtract them... Soon it will be like building a
       | nuclear reactor).
        
         | holmesworcester wrote:
         | Only if either:
         | 
         | a) the airport is far from any other humans b) the horde of
         | humans your airport angers do not also ignore regulations OR
         | your airport has its own sufficiently large private army
        
         | CooCooCaCha wrote:
         | People say this but rarely give specific examples. My
         | experience is that things seem simple on the surface but are
         | actually more complex than you'd expect.
         | 
         | As an example, I've seen people complain about building codes
         | and why they can't they do what they want with their property.
         | But they don't consider that fire services, for example, need
         | to be able to rely on those codes.
        
       | balderdash wrote:
       | I would be pretty upset if all of a sudden my house was under the
       | flight path of a new airport (and the associated economic
       | consequences) but I always find it surprising how annoyed people
       | get that put a house near an airport and then complain about it,
       | where one of my parents lives there is a small but fairly busy
       | private airport that has been there close to a hundred years, so
       | almost no one that lives by it now can claim to have been
       | surprised by its existence when they moved into (or built) their
       | houses, yet their is perpetual noise complaints and a
       | surprisingly vociferous group that wants it shut down. Similar
       | thing happened where I went to college (house prices were lower
       | near campus - because you had to put up with being near several
       | thousand college kids) and then people move in and complain about
       | the college kids!
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Why wouldn't you? It's a land arb. You get cheaper land then
         | use political power to raise its desirability. Common trick.
         | 
         | You can do it a few ways. Get a place near a nightclub then
         | force the club to shut down. Almost certainly they have some
         | regulation they're not following.
         | 
         | Same with schools etc. Or sometimes the city will be planning
         | an affordable housing thing on a lot. No one likes that so
         | you'll get the homes next door for cheaper. Then you can lobby
         | for the place to become a park. Boom! Your home is now more
         | valuable than it would be.
         | 
         | It's just political arbitrage.
        
           | loteck wrote:
           | This shouldn't be down voted, this type of arbitrage is
           | common and the parties engaging in it know the baked in
           | risks. It is no different from the common gambit of buying
           | land outside of cities zoned as industrial or agricultural
           | and then waging politics to have it rezoned as residential to
           | dramatically increase its value.
        
             | holmesworcester wrote:
             | The cool solution I've seen to this problem is to have some
             | process for identifying the class of people who are
             | affected by [locally burdensome thing] and then allowing
             | the proponents (a business, the government, etc.) to
             | negotiate some settlement with that affected class
             | directly, with a majority vote used to accept the
             | settlement.
             | 
             | For example, everyone near the airport could get some
             | property tax relief or share of an annual payment that
             | would go away if the airport went away.
             | 
             | This way a small minority of vocal opponents cannot
             | effectively oppose something that would be good for
             | everyone, but if something is irredeemably terrible and
             | unfair locally affected people can block it.
        
               | LadyCailin wrote:
               | This is absolutely how it should work. Negative
               | externalities should be paid for by the source of them.
               | It can be difficult of course to find where that price
               | lies, but this is what all those lawsuits were about.
               | It's a shame they didn't just bake that cost in from the
               | beginning, instead of failing to take responsibility and
               | then having to be forced to do so.
        
               | 2arrs2ells wrote:
               | This is Coase's Theorem:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coase_theorem
        
             | bell-cot wrote:
             | Yes and no. If someone buy land _at scale_ , and tries
             | waging zoning politics...yeah, okay, arbitrage.
             | 
             | Vs. if John Doe buys a house near a substantial airport,
             | then claims he didn't know? No, sorry, nothing's gonna
             | change in his favor. Maybe he imagined it would, and
             | planned...but that's just the difference between ignoramus
             | and fool.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | That's just a matter of ability. A few guys can easily
               | stall things. It didn't take many to force Sonoma to
               | change. All these attempts have risks. You can always
               | try. Sometimes you're powerful enough to get change in
               | your favour. Other times you're not and it was a good
               | bet. Other times you're not and it was a bad bet.
               | 
               | Besides, this is quite refined now. I just put nana in
               | the house. People can't resist old people. She'll have
               | medical issues that need quiet etc etc.
               | 
               | My landlord did something like that with a few buildings
               | for the big London sewer project. London actually paid
               | him for new windows and things like that.
               | 
               | You just apply the force. Most taxpayers don't notice
               | this stuff so you can get hundreds of thousands out of
               | it.
               | 
               | Many government projects are slow, too, so you can do
               | this for ones where they're announced but no work has
               | been done. Bam, free upgrades, earthquake retrofit, etc.
        
           | throw__away7391 wrote:
           | This is so so how the world works in reality.
        
           | hervature wrote:
           | I would say it is short sighted land arb. Density and land
           | prices go hand-in-hand [1]. The causality is less clear.
           | Higher land prices necessitates more units and being able to
           | build more units increases land prices. Cities build airports
           | because the expected economic impacts and increased tax
           | revenue growth justifies the large expense. That's the long
           | view. Your same reasoning should mean some entity is willing
           | to lobby to open up construction and reduce height limits so
           | they can build more. The reason this does not happen is
           | because it is easier to block things than it is to change
           | things. I'd say this is some type of societal second law of
           | thermodynamics.
           | 
           | [1] -
           | https://marroninstitute.nyu.edu/uploads/content/Bertaud_-
           | _Th...
        
           | jenny91 wrote:
           | This is not "arbitrage" though. It's not risk free, etc.
        
             | Nicholas_C wrote:
             | Rent-seeking is a better term for what the OP is
             | describing.
        
         | emiliobumachar wrote:
         | One can be surprised by the traffic increase. "When I moved
         | here 25 years ago, there was one flight in the morning and one
         | in the afternoon. Now it's every 5 minutes from 6 am to 10 pm
         | and they're trying to extend it post 10 pm!"
        
           | xattt wrote:
           | There is also contemporary research, i.e. chronic noise
           | exposure having subtle effects on health, that are accepted
           | as true that would have been laughed at 2-3 decades ago.
        
           | n_plus_1_acc wrote:
           | Who expects a city and its economy to shrink though?
        
           | SL61 wrote:
           | This is what happened in my childhood home. We lived within a
           | couple miles of a mid-sized airport. We could always hear the
           | planes to some extent, but over time they expanded their
           | cargo operations, which typically fly at night. They also
           | added a new flight path that went directly over our house, so
           | it became common for 747s to fly 2000 feet above us every
           | 15-20 minutes through the night. I was fortunate to be a
           | heavy sleeper.
        
         | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
         | Portland, OR has a similar problem with the raceway.
         | 
         | People buy houses near Portland International Raceway and then
         | complain about the noise of race cars. Just doesn't make sense
         | to me.
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | You don't say? I know more than one bar that was shut down
           | after someone moved in above it with the explicit warning
           | that it is a bar.
           | 
           | Noise is killer, even if you don't think it is. A well rested
           | adult will not have any problems stomaching a single noisy
           | night. But if every night is noisy you are going to fall
           | apart after a while. Dosis making poisons etc. On a related
           | note, sexism is bad for a similar reason. It is not about one
           | asshole making one comment, once. What makws it bad is
           | getting those constantly and from all kind of directions.
           | 
           | I once lived next to a main road and when I moved after a few
           | years, the first night in a silent room felt like someone had
           | lifted a sack of bricks from my chest. And I play in a rock
           | band, so not the noise averse type.
        
         | yamazakiwi wrote:
         | Reminds me of that person protesting a Beer Festival in Golden
         | Colorado. On their sign they stated they wanted to keep alcohol
         | activities out of Golden but the city is home to Coors Brewing
         | Company.
         | 
         | https://kdvr.com/news/trending/golden-residents-anti-beer-fe...
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | Jack Daniels distillery is famously in a dry county in
           | Tennessee. It's legal to distill it there, but illegal to
           | purchase it in county.
           | 
           | https://thesterlingtraveler.com/jack-daniels-distillery-
           | tour...
        
         | jtbayly wrote:
         | This is not surprising if you think about it.
         | 
         | You understand a new airport generating complaints based on
         | loss of value.
         | 
         | Have you considered what successfully getting an airport shut
         | down might do for the nearby property owners?
         | 
         | It's not uncommon for people to try to (often successfully)
         | tell other people what they can and cannot do with their own
         | land, simply for the benefit of the one trying.
        
           | cyanydeez wrote:
           | Its akin to shortsellers actively campaigning against weak
           | companies. Sure Theresa small burn of interest but if you can
           | leverage and move the needle, profirs'
        
         | dawnerd wrote:
         | Same people that buy a house next to Disneyland then complain
         | about the fireworks and traffic. They just don't consider it
         | and the disclosures about it if any are often buried in
         | documents they're rushed to sign.
        
         | athenot wrote:
         | That's similar to people who move to the countryside then
         | complain that the farms nearby stink.
        
           | paulddraper wrote:
           | That's happened to my area.
           | 
           | It used to be the countryside; now's it's the suburbs.
           | 
           | But now the suburbs complain about the smells from the few
           | farms that are left.
        
         | jen729w wrote:
         | I used to live above a Japanese bar in the centre of Melbourne,
         | Australia. It was a busy street in a busy part of town. (Robot,
         | for the locals.)
         | 
         | Of course this place was sold, both to renters and buyers, as
         | 'hip', it was 'the inner-city lifestyle', it was 'everything on
         | your doorstep'.
         | 
         | And yet the neighbours. My god what cretins. Noise! On a
         | weekend! They couldn't bear it.
         | 
         | I think it should be flat-out forbidden to complain about noise
         | if the thing you're complaining about existed when you arrived.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | What did they say about it, if you asked them?
           | 
           | You never know: Maybe the bar owner has been a jerk to them,
           | maybe it could be quieter. Also, a transient resident can
           | have a much different perspective than someone who is there
           | permanently.
        
           | nox101 wrote:
           | I wonder if landlords should be required to disclose noise
           | sources.
           | 
           | As a renter there's no easy way for you to know that every
           | Friday night the bar a block away has music so loud you can
           | hear it in your apartment til 2am or that a band practices at
           | the school down the street etc...
           | 
           | You generally have about 5 minutes too look around a
           | apartment and a few more to look around the neighborhood and
           | then sign a contract for $60k not knowing the place will be
           | unacceptable once you actually spend a week there.
           | 
           | maybe this is only a problem in expensive cities like
           | SF/NYC/LA where when you find a place you have to take it
           | immediately nor lose it to the line of people ready to rent
        
             | doctor_eval wrote:
             | To be fair to the GP, that part of Melbourne is very, very
             | busy. But Melbourne is very expensive and you do have to
             | compete with other renters. It's a nightmare to find a good
             | spot especially if you're in a hurry.
             | 
             | I think another aspect is that to someone who lives in the
             | area - like a real estate agent - it's _obvious_ that it
             | would be noisy at night. Why else would you want live
             | there? There are multiple bars in every laneway. Many of
             | them are open until the wee hours.
             | 
             | So while I agree with the sentiment I think it's difficult
             | in practice.
        
             | lukan wrote:
             | "maybe this is only a problem in expensive cities like
             | SF/NYC/LA where when you find a place you have to take it
             | immediately nor lose it to the line of people ready to
             | rent"
             | 
             | This. Everywhere else people usually can and do take the
             | time to explore the area of the potential new home.
             | 
             | "I wonder if landlords should be required to disclose noise
             | sources."
             | 
             | Maybe, but maybe they also don't know about those school
             | band practices, so how to enforce it, but in general there
             | are noise maps.
        
           | doctor_eval wrote:
           | Robot is a great bar! I used to work in Flinders Lane, it's
           | the best part of Melbourne. Still grab lunch from Yen Sushi
           | Noodles in Centre Place when I visit.
           | 
           | But yeah it would be noisy. Great spot to live for a while if
           | you're young. A lot of my favourite places didn't make it
           | post Covid tho.
        
             | jen729w wrote:
             | Ha! I bet I've seen you in there. Yeah we were in our 30s,
             | absolutely loved it. This was from 2007-2010~ish.
             | 
             | I can't believe Robot survived. Yoshi's done well there.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | Some counterpoints:
         | 
         | 'I was there first' doesn't give you more property rights than
         | the other person.
         | 
         | The amount of or location of the noise could change over time.
         | 
         | If the airport has been careless about noise for 20 years, that
         | doesn't make it ok for them to continue.
        
         | AtlasBarfed wrote:
         | Yes, property values IS local politics.
         | 
         | Race tensions is fundamentally about property values.
         | 
         | Policing is about property values.
         | 
         | Road construction and transport infrastructure is about
         | property values.
         | 
         | Bike paths and parks are about property values.
        
           | thfuran wrote:
           | That's a massive oversimplification.
        
       | RajT88 wrote:
       | This seems to be referring only to large international airports.
       | 
       | Wikipedia lists 383 airports in the US, only 30 of which are
       | "large". None of the muni airports are on the list. There's so
       | many of those! I can think of 5 within a short drive of my home;
       | there's got to be thousands in the US.
       | 
       | So, no shit building big noisy busy things on huge plots of land
       | is hard! NIMBYism scales.
        
       | ed_balls wrote:
       | There is a huge political battle in Poland right now regarding a
       | new airport. It's more controversial than nuclear plants and new
       | rail combined.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Communication_Port
        
       | amai wrote:
       | Don't build another airport. Better invest in a high speed train
       | network.
        
       | satellite2 wrote:
       | > Similarly, not only are many of the users of an airport
       | tourists who don't live in the area, but at hub airports they
       | might merely pass through without interacting with the local
       | region at all.
       | 
       | Why not create hub only airports (in the middle of nowhere) and
       | enforce them via no hub policies around cities?
        
         | Fatnino wrote:
         | Staffed by people flown in daily from some city half an hour
         | flight away?
        
       | satellite2 wrote:
       | > The FAA was so concerned about reactions to jet noise in
       | Washington DC that it didn't authorize jets to land there until
       | 1966.
       | 
       | Interesting how that could be considered as interfering with the
       | democratic process nowadays.
        
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