[HN Gopher] Indonesia's e-bike shops are building their own batt...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Indonesia's e-bike shops are building their own batteries
        
       Author : donohoe
       Score  : 153 points
       Date   : 2024-03-20 11:20 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (restofworld.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (restofworld.org)
        
       | infecto wrote:
       | I don't know Indonesian import law but I would guess that this
       | guy making batteries for his local business might have better
       | quality than what I assume is the alternative, imported Chinese
       | batteries. I wonder why so much concern over safety. I would be
       | much more concerned about Chinese imported batteries since you
       | don't always have a brand name and QC.
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | > since you don't always have a brand name and QC
         | 
         | Some guy DIY-ing batteries in his shop is pretty much the
         | epitome of "no brand name and QC" though. Seriously, look at
         | some of the pictures in the article. Those botched together
         | mains wires alone look like a fire risk.
         | 
         | Quite apart from the circumstances of their creation, the
         | homemade battery packs themselves can also be quite unsafe as
         | some/most shops use any secondhand cells they can get their
         | hands without regards for discharge ratings etc. That sort of
         | imbalance can easily lead to fires during use, which is
         | obviously not great when the driver is in busy traffic at the
         | time.
        
           | adql wrote:
           | > Those botched together mains wires alone look like a fire
           | risk.
           | 
           | There is nothing inherently unsafe with bolting power strip
           | onto the wall.
           | 
           | > Quite apart from the circumstances of their creation, the
           | homemade battery packs themselves can also be quite unsafe as
           | some/most shops use any secondhand cells they can get their
           | hands without regards for discharge ratings etc. That sort of
           | imbalance can easily lead to fires during use, which is
           | obviously not great when the driver is in busy traffic at the
           | time.
           | 
           | Not reading the article before yapping your mouth eh ?
           | 
           | > Ady Siswanto, owner of e-bike workshop Dyvolt in Jakarta,
           | told Rest of World he takes care to match the internal
           | resistance and capacity of the cells.
           | 
           | Most of the "serial DIYes" know that just fine, as it is
           | blindingly obvious in performance of batteries and if you're
           | making it a business you'd not have many returning
           | customers... except ones returning for a return.
           | 
           | And let's not pretend name-brand packs don't have "accidents"
        
           | infecto wrote:
           | He works under his own brand though, I would argue that
           | batteries made by the guy down the street have a higher brand
           | awareness than "COCO" batteries which might also sell under
           | name "BOBO", "AOAO", "AKKO", "LMYW", etc.
           | 
           | I am only pointing out that I would be concerned regardless
           | of the source, chinese or local but suspect the local guy has
           | a greater incentive to maintain his brand than the imported
           | brand from china.
        
           | averageRoyalty wrote:
           | > Seriously, look at some of the pictures in the article.
           | Those botched together mains wires alone look like a fire
           | risk.
           | 
           | I'm guessing you haven't been to Indonesia. This style of
           | wiring is common in businesses and homes in Indonesia,
           | Thailand and lot of poorer asian countries. The regulations
           | are weak or unenforced. Often unlicensed people build houses,
           | run power, water etc.
           | 
           | It's (probably unintentionally) dishonest to judge this by a
           | first world standard.
        
         | jpgvm wrote:
         | > better quality than what I assume is the alternative,
         | imported Chinese batteries.
         | 
         | You do realise that China makes some of the worlds best
         | batteries right?
         | 
         | There is a reason why BYD, EVE and CATL are in the news all the
         | time and it's not because they suck.
         | 
         | Quality wise Chinese/Korean/Japanese batteries are all pretty
         | much the same on NCA/NCM chemistries. China has a big advantage
         | in LFP but LFP is shitty for an e-bike because the reduced
         | density penalty is much more meaningful than in a car.
         | 
         | Those companies make cells of course but there is also plenty
         | of high quality BMS available and fully assembled batteries out
         | of China too obviously.
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | China also makes some of the worlds worst batteries. (Source:
           | all the products I had to return after 1 or fewer successful
           | charges.)
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | They are doing exactly what the advocates of free market
             | dream of. You want to pay as little as possible, you get
             | the crappiest stuff, you are willing to pay more to get top
             | quality, you get good stuff.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | In many product categories there is no top stuff, just
               | keep buying the crap stuff until you find the specimen
               | that works. Maybe "keep repeating" is a proxy for free
               | market goodness, I can honestly not tell anymore. :-D
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | That would be fine if there was a way to differentiate
               | crap from not crap. Price is a signal, but an
               | increasingly shitty one in that I can pay a high price
               | and still receive crap.
               | 
               | The free market is happy to sell me crap at high prices
               | with no ability to know that until the deal is
               | irreversible.
               | 
               | The theoretical free market also has perfect information,
               | and the current markets actively work to obscure that.
        
           | tokai wrote:
           | They are having huge issues with e-bike fires in China. Here
           | you have an article with two Chinese researchers weighing in
           | on the issue.[0] According to them low quality batteries are
           | the reason for the number of deadly fires.
           | 
           | So yes, Chinese ebike batteries are on a whole of low
           | quality.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1013638
        
             | gaadd33 wrote:
             | Given the numbers cited there it looks like Chinese e-bikes
             | have a fire rate of 0.002391% per year. From a quick search
             | it seems like there were about 130 e-bike fires in NYC in
             | 2022 out of a population of about 65000 e-bikes, so NYC
             | based e-bikes have a failure rate of 0.2% per year which
             | seems significantly worse than the cheap ones used
             | throughout China.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | Did you read what the experts said? It doesn't matter if
               | the incident rate is higher in NYC, anything about NYC
               | has no bearing on this. The fires in china are due to low
               | quality batteries.
        
               | akgerber wrote:
               | I don't think there has been any sort of reliable survey
               | on the quantity of ebikes in NYC, and 65,000 is likely to
               | be extremely low. There is no registration or point-of-
               | sale reporting requirement.
               | 
               | There are also large quantities of unregistered electric
               | and gasoline mopeds and motorcycles, many of which are
               | also labeled as ebikes by either their
               | manufacturers/importers or public authorities when
               | involved in an incident.
               | 
               | One can purchase custom-made ebike batteries in NYC from
               | shops similar to the one in this article, often with
               | substantially worse finishing/packaging quality and
               | unknown BMS quality. And said batteries are often run
               | hard in delivery service in 4-season conditions,
               | including exposure to temperatures well below freezing
               | and salty slush spray, then charged via chargers and
               | cords of unknown quality plugged into what are often pre-
               | WWII electrical systems.
               | 
               | The FDNY is appropriately raiding custom battery shops in
               | NYC, since there doesn't seem to be an appropriate
               | regulatory system yet for custom-manufacturing this sort
               | of energy storage device in a dense urban environment
               | yet: https://ny1.com/nyc/all-
               | boroughs/news/2024/02/09/queens-biz-...
        
           | infecto wrote:
           | Do you really think these bicycle batteries are being powered
           | by BYD? Like I said I don't know the their market well but if
           | its similar to other markets in the region, they are
           | importing low quality generic branded stuff that may be worse
           | off than those local manufacturer who have a real incentive
           | to try to product higher quality products.
        
             | jpgvm wrote:
             | Do you really think there are tons of dodgy Chinese
             | companies producing battery cells? A notoriously
             | technically difficult, capital intensive and above all
             | massively competitive business with tiny margins unless you
             | are running the absolute best process at enormous scale?
             | 
             | No. There is just a handful of companies producing cells at
             | reasonable scale and cost. Pretty much every cell you can
             | buy from Alibaba (which is almost certainly where these
             | e-bike pack makers are buying from) come from just 7
             | companies: CATL, BYD, EVE, CALB, Gotion, Sunwoda and
             | Farasis.
             | 
             | All of these companies make high quality cells and these
             | are definitely the only ones with a good enough
             | price/performance to shove in a hand-made e-bike pack and
             | make a profit.
             | 
             | This notion that Chinese batteries are somehow bad is
             | ludicrous and the lengths people go to state as fact
             | something they clearly have no experience with is
             | intellectual dishonesty at best.
        
               | infecto wrote:
               | I can see you are very passionate on this topic. I did
               | not realize in the article that these shops were actually
               | making individual cells but the rather the complete pack.
               | My notion was that the complete pack may be safer than
               | complete packs coming from china under generic fake
               | names. Thanks for clearing it up. You clearly have a lot
               | of experience in this area with incredible honesty but
               | low capability at following thoughts.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | The fact is that there are demonstrably under-specced
               | batteries being sold.
               | (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMZuHMlRw_0&t=579s)
               | 
               | Is this just a case of people buying reputable batteries
               | and selling them under their own brand name with higher
               | specs? If so, why do these 7 manufacturers make bad
               | batteries?
               | 
               | Clearly there are plenty of badly made cells out there,
               | so I think I'm misunderstanding something.
        
             | akgerber wrote:
             | The quality of individual cells does not necessarily have
             | any bearing on the safety of the finished
             | battery/BMS/charger.
        
               | infecto wrote:
               | Never suggested otherwise.
        
       | tantalor wrote:
       | Packs, battery packs.
       | 
       | This is very common for DIY ebikes.
        
         | actionfromafar wrote:
         | It _used_ to be that one assembled batteries of cells. But
         | language changes I suppose.
        
           | zdragnar wrote:
           | In this case, each cell is also a standalone battery (an 1850
           | I presume). Assemblage of these is either called a module or
           | a pack.
        
             | actionfromafar wrote:
             | An 18650 is a single cell. (Or a _battery_ in modern
             | parlance.) Now, get off my lawn! :-D Just kidding! The
             | terminology shifted. But a cell used to be the single unit
             | of chemistry and catode and anode that gives the native
             | voltage. So an 18650 would be a cell. A 1.5V alkaline would
             | be a cell. A 9V alkaline would be a battery of six cells!
             | And so on.
             | 
             | I'm not saying it's _wrong_ nowadays to say an 18650 is a
             | battery.
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | Not even disagreeing with you, but it's a funny evolution of
         | language when you consider the origin of the term battery.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery_battery
         | 
         | We owe the term to Benjamin Franklin, who used it to describe
         | what you're referring to as a pack (although Leyden jars are
         | considered capacitors rather than batteries in modern terms).
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_battery#Invention
        
       | ginko wrote:
       | There's a small youtube channel[1] I follow where a guy I think
       | is from Indonesia builds his own handheld coil guns and railguns
       | including his own charging circuit designs. Pretty crazy/fun
       | stuff. There seems to be quite a bit of an electronics hacking
       | scene going on there.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.youtube.com/@DNAP460/videos
        
       | notjulianjaynes wrote:
       | From the pictures I get the sense this guy knows what he's doing.
       | Sure his shop's a little dusty, and that fume extractor is maybe
       | a little ghetto (better than my aquarium filter duct taped to a
       | fan though).
       | 
       | It's hard to tell what those grey cells are being used in the
       | pack, which is probably most important factor, but the
       | construction of it appears solid. It's also evident from photo
       | that he is disassembling a damaged pack. See the missing row of
       | cells at the top, and corrosion on the bottom in this photo:
       | https://149346090.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/202...
        
         | jpgvm wrote:
         | They look like standard 1865 cells but obviously not high
         | enough res to spot the manufacturer. I would imagine EVE
         | though. CATL is too hard to get a hold of but EVE Grade A is
         | still pretty easily available from Alibaba.
        
           | notjulianjaynes wrote:
           | EVE would be my guess too, possibly INR18650-35V, which seems
           | totally cromulent for an ebike.
           | 
           | EVE cells are also used in newer Ryobi power tools, it's
           | worth pointing out: https://www.reddit.com/r/ryobi/comments/o
           | xn53g/psa_ryobi_is_...
        
             | dallasg3 wrote:
             | Simpsons did it.
        
       | VBprogrammer wrote:
       | https://jacquesmattheij.com/long-range-ebike/
       | 
       | Not the only ones!
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | I was super envious of this when he first posted it here...
         | 
         | However - I bought a ~7,000 e-bike and I love/hate it:
         | 
         | I have an Orbea Rise H30 - and its ~36 lbs. The problem is that
         | the magnets in the motor are always engaged - meaning that even
         | when the bike is 'off' I am fighting against the magnets - and
         | it governs me and when off, no matter how hard I pedal - I cant
         | get about 11 miles an hour.
         | 
         | It is a type 2 - so it is not supposed to boost you passed 20
         | miles an hour - but instead it effectively governs you to 20
         | mph. Its very hard to get it much faster - the fastest I have
         | gotten to is 24.5 mph. Downhill.
         | 
         | However - when the battery is powered - its great, except you
         | have to only keep it on BOOST which is the highest of three
         | settings (eco, trail, boost)
         | 
         | I'd not buy this bike again. It range is really around ~30
         | miles - and they have a range booster battery pack for $600 -
         | and I should have bought that when I had the money to throw at
         | it... but yeah the bike sucks when the battery dies.
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | On my bike, I found that disconnecting the battery made the
           | magnets spin freely.
        
           | akgerber wrote:
           | I have a Shimano middrive bike that weighs 50lbs that I
           | purchased on closeout for $1500. It rides like a nice, albeit
           | heavy, bike with the motor turned off.
        
       | smallpipe wrote:
       | Are those LiPo or LiIon? The articles mention both, and the image
       | looks like LiIon
        
         | babl-yc wrote:
         | Photos are showing Li-ion 18650 cells afaict
         | 
         | Those are the most common for e-bike batteries
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Various YouTubers do similar to build effectively Tesla
       | powerwalls
       | 
       | It seems quite risky even for those that are careful. I recall
       | one of the bigger channels ending up eating humble pie when they
       | had a fire.
       | 
       | Not something I'd ever want to do unless I could house in in an
       | outdoor shed quite far away from everything else
        
       | wiradikusuma wrote:
       | I keep thinking Ripperdocs in Cyberpunk world. Looks dodgy
       | alright, but it's in their best interest to not screw up because
       | I know in Indonesia "homemade" usually literally means made at
       | home, and houses in Indonesia typically share walls between
       | adjoining houses, so if you burn your house your neighbors will
       | not be happy.
        
       | zevv wrote:
       | Question I have: is it just a bunch of cells wired up, or is
       | there a BMS (battery management system) in there doing the things
       | you need to do to make a battery safe and make it last: cell
       | balancing is essential to make sure the pack will survive more
       | then a few charges and rides before it will kill itself. Also I
       | would not like a battery pack that does not switch itself off
       | when voltages or currents get too high, which is a great way to
       | start a thermal runaway. Not a safety issue, but important to
       | make sure the battery is not abused is to prevent deep discharge
       | voltage or charging the battery at too low temperature.
        
         | russellbrandom wrote:
         | Hi -- editor of the piece here. There is a BMS, that's the main
         | other component aside from the cells. We had that detail
         | initially but it got cut for space.
        
         | holoduke wrote:
         | Cheap active bms systems. Could be hazardous as well. But
         | needed for charging from a 48v charger block.
        
       | AYBABTME wrote:
       | Wow this is scary. LiPo are very dangerous and even NMC which are
       | stabler are very error prone when assembled in an ebike pack: the
       | cells need to be high quality (LG, Panasonic), the assembly need
       | to be very careful (so many ways for the interconnects to become
       | a liability and cause a fire) the BMS needs to be quality (or
       | it'll overheat and cause a fire). It's hard to make it right when
       | careful, and even decently sized companies mess it up.
       | 
       | Slapping together some LiPo? It's just a matter of when, not if.
       | 
       | Recently published very relevant talk by Grin:
       | https://youtu.be/j92Gt4VviSQ?si=0TV_HqZBEBuVDqdx
       | 
       | Otherwise I think these things are super cool, but in the case of
       | lithium ebike batteries, they look so innocent and easy to build,
       | and are so dangerous. I'm speaking from being humbled myself
       | after building two NMC packs with cell-fuses, a spot welder,
       | being careful... I'm dead scared of my packs.
        
         | CyberDildonics wrote:
         | _Wow this is scary._
         | 
         | Not really.
         | 
         |  _LiPo are very dangerous and even NMC which are stabler_
         | 
         | LiPo refers to lithium polymer, which doesn't mean a different
         | chemistry. It means "polymer electrolyte instead of a liquid
         | electrolyte".
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_polymer_battery
         | 
         |  _are very error prone when assembled in an ebike pack_
         | 
         | There are billions of 18650 battery packs out there now in
         | general.
         | 
         |  _the cells need to be high quality (LG, Panasonic)_
         | 
         | No, the cells need have their specs correct and the packs need
         | to be built according to cells' specs.
         | 
         |  _the BMS needs to be quality (or it 'll overheat and cause a
         | fire)._
         | 
         | The BMS is there to limit things like discharge voltage, charge
         | voltage, discharge amps, etc. It makes things safer.
        
           | AYBABTME wrote:
           | You may think so, and I encourage you to watch the video I
           | shared. I held many of the same conclusions/approximations
           | until learning of Grin's experience.
        
             | CyberDildonics wrote:
             | The video you linked is problems that can happen and things
             | that can go wrong. It seems more like something the battery
             | makers should watch instead of proof that batteries are
             | inherently unsafe.
        
         | geor9e wrote:
         | They aren't slapping LiPos together. They aren't even using
         | LiPos. LiPo are usually single small cells pouches in phones
         | and gizmos. These are Li-Ion 18650 cells like Samsung 50e's
         | being nickle spot welded into ~60V arrangements, with every
         | 4.2V "p-pack" getting a wire to the Battery Management System
         | circuit board. All charge and discharge does thru the approval
         | of the BMS and gets cut off if any cell shows anything abnormal
         | (short, too much resistance (voltage dipping), undervolted,
         | overvolted). The photos look just as professionally made as
         | another other factory. Unwrap literally any random e-bike's
         | battery and you'll find identical construction. A few rare
         | brands also pot the battery in thermal epoxy to make them even
         | more safe. Yes fire and liability are scary for battery pack
         | builders but this guys shop doesn't appear to be doing anything
         | bad.
        
         | treprinum wrote:
         | Why not use LiFePO4? Those should be much more stable.
        
           | stonogo wrote:
           | Power density is much lower. On a vehicle you have to pedal
           | one the power is out, weight savings matters.
        
         | holoduke wrote:
         | I am building similar battery packs for long range uavs. We
         | have many different configurations. Like 12s24p. 48v with total
         | of 252 4.2v cells. We put them in 3d printed holders and
         | spotweld them. Takes about 30 minutes to make one battery. Bms
         | systems are available widely. Its rare to have dangerous
         | issues. Even with chinese clones. Most of the accidents
         | happening when nickel strips are cut and accidentally falling
         | on open battery packs.
        
       | linsomniac wrote:
       | Note that while the article says "soldering" the pictures show
       | "welding", which is the typical way you create battery packs. The
       | reasons are that the welding provides a higher temperature
       | connection but for a shorter period of time, over all dumping
       | less heat into the battery and potentially causing damage to the
       | cell or triggering ignition. Also makes a higher temp connection,
       | solder can melt when the joints get hot during use.
       | 
       | I got a battery welder a few years ago to repair an ebike pack
       | and also to repair a EGO power tool battery pack, but thus far
       | haven't used it. The ebike pack was a bunch of "packets" rather
       | than 18650 cells, and the EGO was slightly smaller than 18650, so
       | I need to wait for another pack to fail so I can scavenge cells
       | from one to repair the other.
       | 
       | Be careful if it smells like birthday cake when you're working
       | with lion cells, that can preclude them bursting into flames.
       | Have a metal container nearby to drop them into for transport
       | outdoors.
        
         | mhb wrote:
         | preclude: I think you mean that can be a prelude to. Though
         | could also be presage.
        
           | linsomniac wrote:
           | I think I was going for "precedes".
        
             | mhb wrote:
             | Ah. That makes sense.
        
         | orbital-decay wrote:
         | _> Have a metal container nearby to drop them into for
         | transport outdoors._
         | 
         | Before doing that, try watching some experiments with fireproof
         | containers specifically designed for these fires, to have an
         | idea how quick and violent this can be, and how bad most of
         | these containers are at preventing it from going from 0 to
         | inferno or to a toxic cloud suffocating you in seconds. This
         | might or might not help you plan for the worst case, or better
         | yet forget about doing DIY battery pack repairs at all.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | > forget about doing DIY battery pack repairs at all.
           | 
           | Yah, some things it's best to not learn the hard way.
           | 
           | But if you're intent on doing it, to it outside on a concrete
           | slab.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | P.S. I do anything that involves fumes or dust outside,
             | such as painting, solvents, etc.
        
           | throwway120385 wrote:
           | What do people do in factories?
           | 
           | I'm skeptical of the idea that some repairs are meant to be
           | performed only by "experts" and that nobody should ever try
           | to learn how to make them. It fuels an industry of people
           | charging hundreds or thousands of dollars per repair to
           | install cheap parts, and it's part of the reason our society
           | throws so much stuff away.
           | 
           | Sure lithium ion packs are dangerous, but there is a
           | manufacturing process that: welds cells together to make
           | banks, and that sometimes produces a runaway reaction inside
           | the cells. Given that that's the case, it should be entirely
           | possible to do that safely in a controlled environment inside
           | of a garage.
           | 
           | This is the same attitude that informs our decision not to
           | repair garage door springs. Or more relevantly the same
           | attitude that tells us to just use whatever async library du
           | jour exists but never to learn about the internals of that
           | library. "Don't worry about what's under the hood, that's
           | dangerous stuff" says the dealer's mechanic.
        
             | elliottkember wrote:
             | Do you perform your own dentistry?
        
               | linsomniac wrote:
               | Touche.
        
               | throwway120385 wrote:
               | It's not the same thing because I don't have training to
               | be a dentist, but I do have training and skills and
               | knowledge for a variety of non-dentist mechanical,
               | electrical, and electronic things. So this is a specious
               | argument. Where does it end? Do I not do any work myself
               | ever? Or are there things we can all agree some people
               | are capable of doing?
               | 
               | I think the gatekeeping around all of this stuff from
               | people is frankly kind of ridiculous. It's not like the
               | battery repairmen are doing asbestos abatement naked in
               | their living rooms while their families are watching TV.
               | But people are treating it like the same thing.
        
               | plussed_reader wrote:
               | Capability is fine but also goes hand in hand with risk.
               | Working on lipo/li-ion cells is risky which is usually
               | why such work is not zoned for residential areas. How
               | would your skills and training translate into something a
               | neighbor or inspector can understand? Would you resent
               | them for questioning your non-dentist abilities? Is
               | someone with no formal training but years of practical
               | knowledge working on devices enough?
               | 
               | It seems like the questions from my end bend back toward
               | proving yourself when a situation breaks, not when it
               | works, which is what sometimes happens when you do work
               | yourself. Have you heard the parable of the nuclear boy
               | scout, David Hahn?
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | > I do have training and skills and knowledge for a
               | variety of non-dentist mechanical, electrical, and
               | electronic things.
               | 
               | A fundamental of expertise is knowing the terrain, what
               | you can and can't do safely and reliably. A fundamental
               | of knowledge is becoming aware of far more that you don't
               | know; only in ignorance do we imagine there is little
               | outside our personal boundaries.
               | 
               | Highly experienced professionals will tell me, 'I don't
               | know how to do that, you should talk to ...', and will
               | refuse to even venture advice. My doctor tells me to talk
               | to a specialist. Naive, immature amatuers assure me they
               | can do anything, and can diagnose and treat my medical
               | condition via social media.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | Don't you? When there's something wrong in your mouth, do
               | you look in the mirror, use your tongue on it, use a
               | toothbrush or floss or toothpick on the problem before
               | going to see the dentist? Or do you feel pain in your
               | mouth and magically you're at the dentist without doing
               | any of the above?
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | I don't bust out the drill or try to apply putty for a
               | temporary tooth.
               | 
               | That is to say, yes, I can confidently exchange batteries
               | (clean my teeth). I'm not confident in modifying those
               | batteries with a welder/soldering iron.
               | 
               | If I clean my teeth and they still hurt you bet I'm going
               | to the dentist.
        
               | K0balt wrote:
               | Yes, sometimes, when it's not convenient to utilize
               | infrastructure where I am.
               | 
               | So far I have become adept at removing and replacing my
               | own crown, including heavily modifying when needed,
               | filling if they aren't too deep (or temporary fillings if
               | they are deep) and one extraction when I was at sea and
               | had no better choice.
               | 
               | I don't recommend it if it's not necessary, but for those
               | who may find themselves in that situation there is a book
               | called "where there is no dentist" that outlines most
               | common procedures and tool use. It's worth learning if
               | you're likely to be away from "civilization ". Also
               | "where there is no doctor " can be a lifesaver.
        
               | foobarbecue wrote:
               | You extracted your own tooth!? Woah. Speaking as someone
               | who has seen people evacuated from Antarctica for dental
               | issues, I'd like to read a blog post or something about
               | that.
        
             | orbital-decay wrote:
             | _> What do people do in factories?_
             | 
             | Ventilation. Compartmentalization. Controlled processes
             | with early warnings. Proper tools. Quality control. Active
             | fire suppression. Not doing that at home with your wife,
             | kids, and your dog.
             | 
             | Sure, if you know what you're doing, can deal with thermal
             | runaway, and can trust your work afterwards, nobody stops
             | you from doing it. I've done it myself (never tried
             | anything larger than a e-bike battery though). Just keep in
             | mind that you're working with a firebomb that deceptively
             | looks like an electronic device.
        
             | yowlingcat wrote:
             | Not an ideal analogy. A better analogy is "would you hire
             | an electrician to do task XYZ?" Nothing stopping you from
             | learning enough to do amateur electrician work -- but at a
             | certain point, the risk to reward ratio becomes poor for
             | most people and not a good investment. At a certain point,
             | you're doing it to sate your curiosity -- not an invalid
             | motivation by any means, but it's not necessarily driven by
             | practicality.
        
               | linsomniac wrote:
               | You say that, but it sure was nice, last year when my
               | dryer kept popping the breaker, for me to be able to
               | easily track down that the electrician that replaced my
               | panel ~8 years ago had (a) used the wrong breaker for the
               | dryer, (b) used a physically damaged breaker, and (c)
               | improperly torqued one of the legs leading to the dryer.
               | 
               | Learning DYI home maintenance is not for everyone, but I
               | sure have enjoyed it. Being comfortable with so many
               | aspects of my house is something I really like.
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | Breakers were design to be installed by the average Joe,
               | as are drier legs. The failure mechanism of an improperly
               | installed breaker is that it doesn't work properly, or it
               | gracefully melts in a metal box which is required by
               | law/code to handle that exact case of graceful melting
               | and small plastic fires.
               | 
               | The tools and technique required for dealing with stack
               | of little fire bombs, that explode if poked, bent, or
               | overheated, sometimes at a much later date, while sitting
               | in your garage/living room, has a much more serious
               | failure mechanism. And, more than that, most DIY battery
               | packs I've seen involve lack of funds and Aliexpress
               | cells. In the RC hobby community, everyone knows that you
               | store DIY battery packs, especially those made with cheap
               | Aliexpress cells, somewhere where they're free to
               | spontaneously combust without consequence.
               | 
               | Battery packs are scary. People who understand that have
               | better outcomes [1] than people who don't [2] (tbf, these
               | are Lipo)
               | 
               | [1] https://www.reddit.com/r/fpv/comments/fb1u4d/thanks_r
               | eddit_y...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.reddit.com/r/fpv/comments/l1hegi/psa_dont
               | _leave_...
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | When there's actually dangerous stuff under the hood, maybe
             | we should worry about it though. If piercing a cell with a
             | screwdriver is going to cause a fire, and a runaway chain
             | reaction could burn down your garage, maybe we should have
             | a way to give mandatory training on how to handle things
             | safely before you're allowed to play under the hood.
        
               | dangles wrote:
               | Why is the cost greater than the benefit?
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | Because humans are bad at statistics, and don't want to
               | waste money on hypotheticals. "It'll never happen to me."
               | So you can skimp on the cost of safety training.
        
               | to11mtm wrote:
               | 'under the hood' is relative...
               | 
               | Most vehicles are Skateboard platform anyway; I feel like
               | you'd already have to be in at least a semi-specialized
               | shop to even get to where you can safely FAFO with the
               | pack...
               | 
               | And frankly if a normal person manages to just 'get one'
               | and put it in their garage well I don't know what to say
               | aside from 'sometimes natural selection has factors'...
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | I'd rather we be able to teach people so they're safe
               | when they experience the FO part of thermal runaway. Hey,
               | I really needed that bucket of sand.
               | 
               | But I don't control what other people are doing, so, like
               | you said, natural selection. The problem comes when that
               | garage is adjacent to the neighbors garage, and it
               | catches from there, that we do need to control what other
               | people are doing.
        
             | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
             | Also, what do people do in RVs in the desert?
        
               | morphle wrote:
               | What people should do is not have flammable batteries in
               | a vehicle unless the whole system, the entire RV or EV,
               | has been designed by experts. I built custom designed
               | safe solar starlink campers as whole systems and make
               | physics simulations and do extensive tests. That is how
               | you prevent most battery fire in a car or off-grid tiny
               | house in a desert.
        
               | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
               | Ok how about a gas powered RV, a highschool chemistry
               | teacher, and one of his former students, Jesse. I think
               | that's enough expertise.
        
             | ToucanLoucan wrote:
             | > I'm skeptical of the idea that some repairs are meant to
             | be performed only by "experts"
             | 
             | If you're skeptical of this very banal notion than you are
             | likely not qualified to be doing whatever work you're
             | doing. Yes, tons of technology is needlessly complicated
             | and the salesmen and their compatriots in the "no user
             | serviceable parts inside" sticker division have spent a lot
             | of time and effort to convince people that the inside of
             | electronic devices is sacrosanct; however that has led to
             | an IMHO dangerous notion that _every_ instance of someone
             | saying  "hey, you really shouldn't take this apart on your
             | home bench" is regarded with suspicion, or some notion of
             | "they just want you to buy a new one!" and not that,
             | sometimes things break and if they're designed well, they
             | may well have a failure mode that prevents a _much worse
             | failure mode._
             | 
             | And it might be expertise that's the dividing line, but it
             | could just as easily be a matter of the material itself:
             | that sometimes, what's in there _is pretty fucking
             | dangerous actually_ and shouldn 't be messed with by just
             | any old guy, even a technical guy, who has a YouTube
             | tutorial. It might be that the parts inside failed _for a
             | reason_ and replacing them, while it makes whatever thing
             | work again, might not actually be a great idea depending on
             | _why the original ones failed_ and that if you don 't know
             | the answer to that question, blindly putting them back
             | might be setting you up for something disastrous.
             | 
             | I'm 100% a believer in the right to repair, but I do not
             | mean for that always to be _myself._ On the rare occasion I
             | take something apart with lithium cells inside (which I
             | avoid at all costs!), I handle them like live grenades and
             | either re-connect them to whatever managing circuitry or,
             | if whatever it is is beyond fixing, disposing of them
             | safely. I don 't do this because I don't understand them: I
             | know intimately how they work. I do this _because_ I
             | understand them and respect the danger they pose, not
             | unlike firearms or the parts of my car that I know I don 't
             | know enough and am not qualified to fix.
             | 
             | Being intelligent is, IMO, oftentimes more about knowing
             | what you _don 't know_ and respecting that than knowing
             | what you know.
             | 
             | And, as an aside just because it's related to this point
             | I've articulated: do not take apart lithium batteries in an
             | apartment. I don't give a shit what your qualifications are
             | or how good your risk assessment might be, you do not have
             | the right to take into your hands the safety of yourself
             | and at the same time, _every other person currently
             | occupying the structure you inhabit._ That is just not your
             | risk to accept, full stop. You are not an island and all
             | the high minded libertarian nonsense you can muster cannot
             | get around the fact that if you make a mistake, no matter
             | how benign in the moment, you could damn well set other
             | people 's homes on fire with zero warning for them.
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | > I'm skeptical of the idea that some repairs are meant to
             | be performed only by "experts" and that nobody should ever
             | try to learn how to make them.
             | 
             | That is a very dangerous point of view. Many things really
             | are too dangerous and require too much expertise for you to
             | do. That's how and why expertise exists - it's required to
             | accomplish certain tasks. Not everything - not nearly
             | everything - can be done by amatuers.
             | 
             | It's dangerous to you and also to people around you. The
             | flaming lithium ion cell can kill lots of other people, or
             | leave them in horrible pain and permanently disfigured with
             | burns, or destroy lifetimes of memory and property.
             | 
             | What will you tell them? 'I thought I could do it'? Why did
             | you try when everyone told you it was too dangerous? '...'
             | 
             | > there is a manufacturing process that: welds cells
             | together to make banks, and that sometimes produces a
             | runaway reaction inside the cells. Given that that's the
             | case, it should be entirely possible to do that safely in a
             | controlled environment inside of a garage.
             | 
             | Not unless you have millions of dollars invested in design
             | (by experts trained and experienced in designing such
             | facilities), equipment, and construction for your garage.
             | And it's not near any neighbors - they don't put those
             | factories in residential neighborhoods.
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | >>>> What do people do in factories?
             | 
             | Move the factories to places that have fewer labor
             | protections, or...
             | 
             | Charge more for their products.
        
           | morphle wrote:
           | I design big custom battery packs in car trailers or shipping
           | containers for storing them outside of infrastructure. If the
           | battery catches fire you can drag the trailer or shipping
           | containers further away to let it burn out. Of course it gets
           | harder to drag them away after a few minutes of fire when the
           | axles and wheels start to melt.
           | 
           | The point is to never put Lithium-ion batteries inside
           | buildings, especially not put them inside heavy (metal) boxes
           | bolted to the building.
        
             | lproven wrote:
             | > The point is to never put Lithium-ion batteries inside
             | buildings
             | 
             | Missing word?
             | 
             | Because I have dozens of 'em inside this building right
             | now...
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | > never put Lithium-ion batteries inside buildings
             | 
             | No EVs in garages or multi-storey car parks?
        
               | morphle wrote:
               | You will have to do some research to find out what the
               | new laws in the making and fire department procedures say
               | about garages and multi-story car parks in 2024.
               | 
               | A quick review by me just now suggests the government
               | regulations still have not yet caught up with the new
               | reality in the US and EU:
               | 
               | EV's and large batteries inside buildings are not yet
               | forbidden but probably will be soon.
               | 
               | Fire departments choose to evacuate a building with EV
               | fires (and other industrial fires) and just let it burn
               | out [2].
               | 
               | Fire departments only quench a fire by sudden rapid
               | cooling if possible, for example by drowning [1] the
               | entire Li-ion fire in a basin. Taking the oxygen away is
               | not the goal.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.ctif.org/sites/default/files/2023-03/Putt
               | ing%20o...
               | 
               | I design neighbourhood batteries as two shipping
               | containers underground. In the bottom container the
               | batteries with multiple infrared camera's looking at all
               | battery sides and also with redundant temperature
               | sensors. The top shipping container will deliver 60.000
               | liter of water into the bottom container in seconds.
               | Testing such a setup would make for a hot and cool
               | spectacular Mythbusters episode.
               | 
               | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MT1QTPEZoHY
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | > Testing such a setup would ...
               | 
               | You've tested it, right?
        
               | morphle wrote:
               | I wish, it'll cost a million dollars or more to test at
               | this scale.
               | 
               | But please, come help me do this test!
        
               | pwillia7 wrote:
               | You can sell tickets to the events like it's 1930
        
         | cesarb wrote:
         | > Note that while the article says "soldering" the pictures
         | show "welding",
         | 
         | In some languages, these are the same word (this is the case at
         | least for my native Portuguese), so this could just be a
         | translation issue.
        
           | zer00eyz wrote:
           | Wait what? Is there a distinction for Brazing? There isn't a
           | distinction for the same metals vs different ones?
        
           | duskwuff wrote:
           | They're also more or less synonymous in Chinese, resulting in
           | a lot of weird phrases like "infrared welding" or "SMT
           | welding practice kit".
        
         | yardie wrote:
         | > Be careful if it smells like birthday cake when you're
         | working with lion cells
         | 
         | This is hilariously specific. I wasn't sure how to describe
         | that sweet smell of li-ion packs immolating. Birthday cake
         | seems to fit it perfectly.
        
           | kazinator wrote:
           | Ah, Mom's good old lithium birthday cakes ...
        
         | opwieurposiu wrote:
         | The birthday cake smell thing is right on, happened to me. I
         | was transporting a hobby fighting robot and noticed the smell.
         | When I took it out of the metal box I found a wire had broken
         | and the 18650 battery was shorted.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | In addition to the heat issue, a lot of battery contacts don't
         | form a good joint with typical electrical solder.
         | 
         | Source: Tried to solder batteries.
        
       | euniceee3 wrote:
       | I cant wait for outfits like this to pop up in the states. I have
       | a couple of battery packs that are dead and I do not have the
       | time or patience to rebuild. They are gonna go to CL free, but I
       | looked for local services that can rebuild them.
       | 
       | As more battery packs begin to fail this will become the norm.
        
         | dghlsakjg wrote:
         | They do exist.
         | 
         | Off the top of my head Tenergy is one that operates in the
         | states, but there's tons of them out there.
        
       | ajsnigrutin wrote:
       | I have no idea what the fascination with this is, and what makes
       | these batteries "homemade".. also, it's spotwelding and not
       | soldering.
       | 
       | Buying battery cells and spot welding them together is a thing
       | that many companies do, even in the "western world", i know of at
       | least three in my small eu country.
       | 
       | Before lithium, they did the same with NiMh and NiCd batteries.
       | 
       | You can also make them yourself at home, although it can get
       | relatively dangerous if you don't know what you're doing... same
       | as with replacing an outlet at home, but more of a fire damage
       | instead of a shock risk, so definitely not for everyone, but with
       | some basic precautions, can be done safely.
       | 
       | The bigger problem in the current times is, that device
       | manufacturers fight hard against any kind of repair or DIY stuff,
       | so sometimes just disconnecting the cells from the BMS (battery
       | management system) makes it "reset" and fail the "authenticatioN"
       | between the device and the BMS (which exists only to prevent
       | repair). Companies know how to avoid that (via using a power
       | supply to keep the board powered up), but attempting to DIY fix
       | it (without knowing about the issue) makes you destroy the BMS.
        
         | callalex wrote:
         | Is this really a common practice outside of
         | FutureMotion/OneWheel?
        
           | mperham wrote:
           | Bosch is known to pair their hardware such that you can't
           | replace a bad element, e.g. replace a bad Bosch battery with
           | a 3rd party unit. The entire Bosch ebike hardware ecosystem
           | is locked down and only approved dealers can repair.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | It's pretty common. They're far from the first ones to have
           | started that practice, which began in the 2000s. The concept
           | of the battery management system (BMS) killing the pack for
           | safety reasons came with modern BMS chips that can do state
           | of health (SoH) measuring, along with state of charge (SoC)
           | measuring.
        
         | centizen wrote:
         | They are even matching the internal resistance of the cells, I
         | can't think of much more a professional manufacturer would be
         | doing. As long as they are getting their cells from reputable
         | sources (big if) I don't see anything wrong with a boutique
         | battery industry for niche applications.
        
           | morphle wrote:
           | A professional manufacturer would not put any cell in series
           | but instead would have a charger/discharger with voltage per
           | cell, with current and temperature sensors as feedback loops.
           | The danger of cells in series differs with the cell
           | chemistries.
           | 
           | Using a BMS is another indication they are not professional
           | or even had an engineer design them.
           | 
           | Sadly I know of only a very few small professional battery
           | pack manufacturers, certainly none of the EV or bike makers.
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | Love to see something of a standard e-bike battery. Perhaps there
       | is one in Southeast Asian markets....
       | 
       | Something roughly a liter, liter and a half in size. A standard,
       | perhaps twist connector on the bottom. Various bike configs could
       | incorporate a handful of these in locations that make sense for
       | their bikes -- the number of packs reflecting the range or torque
       | requirements.
       | 
       | With a standard you could swap packs, get the cost benefits of
       | scale...
        
         | celestialcheese wrote:
         | You see this in Taiwan a lot already -
         | https://cleantechnica.com/2023/01/11/gogoro-batteries-power-...
         | 
         | Standardized packs for low-end ebikes would be wonderful.
        
           | FinnKuhn wrote:
           | Those are for scooters though, not ebikes.
        
             | CyberDildonics wrote:
             | What's the difference and what is your point? They are 48v
             | nominal lithium batteries.
        
       | roughly wrote:
       | The article goes to great pains to emphasize how concerning this
       | is and how much of a safety risk it is seemingly without finding
       | a single actual incident where the independent battery builders'
       | batteries caused a problem. Frankly, given the level of quality
       | control I've seen from large brands lately, I'm skeptical that
       | the guy who's made it his business to build batteries for the
       | last 20 years is delivering a worse product than what I'd get
       | buying retail.
        
       | markhahn wrote:
       | More of this please!
       | 
       | It's astonishing how anti-modular various industries are. Even
       | batteries, which for all their "oh no gonna blow" are really
       | quite simple components. But why are cars not modular? How about
       | HVAC? Housing is pretty modular.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-03-20 23:00 UTC)