[HN Gopher] Super Micro Computer has gone from an obscure server...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Super Micro Computer has gone from an obscure server maker to $60B
       market cap
        
       Author : Bostonian
       Score  : 140 points
       Date   : 2024-03-17 11:25 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | Bostonian wrote:
       | 'Nvidia's chips became the workhorses of the boom, making the
       | complex computations necessary to create systems such as OpenAI's
       | ChatGPT. Server manufacturers who could ship those chips to
       | customers fastest and in the largest quantities had an edge.
       | 
       | Liang said it has been helpful that his base in San Jose, Calif.,
       | is just a 15-minute drive from Nvidia's headquarters in Santa
       | Clara. "Our engineering teams are able to work together from
       | early morning to midnight," he said.
       | 
       | Supermicro's recent dominance in the AI boom, industry executives
       | and analysts say, also stems partly from its strategy of making
       | electronic "building blocks" that can be assembled into servers
       | in an almost endless number of configurations. Rivals offer a
       | more limited menu to customers.
       | 
       | That flexibility has been an advantage in the AI boom, analysts
       | say. Developers of self-driving car technology want different
       | server setups than companies making language-generation AI
       | systems such as ChatGPT. Supermicro can deliver customized
       | infrastructure for both.'
        
       | drakerossman wrote:
       | Who's their competition? What's their moat, except for being
       | 15-minutes drive away from Nvidia's HQ?
        
         | Bostonian wrote:
         | The article says
         | 
         | `Analysts clash on Supermicro's ability to hold on to its
         | position longer term. Wedbush analyst Matt Bryson said,
         | historically, no company selling servers has had more than 30%
         | market share.
         | 
         | "There's not a reason Dell can't do exactly what they're
         | doing," Bryson said.
         | 
         | Others aren't so sure. Some analysts say that established
         | competitors will have a hard time bringing new products to
         | market so quickly and have larger revenue streams from software
         | and services.
         | 
         | Supermicro is trying to gain further market share by doubling
         | down on AI and continuing to ship its servers out quickly. The
         | company is also keeping prices low to entice new customers: Its
         | gross profit margin totaled around 15% in its latest quarter,
         | down from 17% in the previous one. HPE, by comparison, had
         | gross margins of 36% in its latest quarter.`
        
           | idontknowifican wrote:
           | fwiw:
           | 
           | my work is moving from supermicro to dell nodes due to the
           | immaturity of the support (interface and personnel).
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | Funny, we're going the other direction, for much the same
             | reasons. I suppose different organizations have different
             | needs and Dell is moving in the wrong direction for us,
             | while SuperMicro seems to deliver in the areas we value.
        
           | lightedman wrote:
           | "There's not a reason Dell can't do exactly what they're
           | doing," Bryson said.
           | 
           | I find that quote interesting. As someone that worked for
           | Dell, I can figure out why - they're heavily-invested in the
           | support side of things. They're too busy with that and their
           | current consumer and business-class offerings that
           | realistically the server market segment they're already in
           | doesn't exactly overlap with Super Micro, and most likely
           | never will outside of some buzzword AI marketing.
        
         | convolvatron wrote:
         | its not really a moat, but its a difficult model to emulate.
         | 
         | what they offer is a set of standard parts, tailored for
         | verticals they think are important. but the secret sauce is
         | that they are willing to customize just that much to make
         | things work the customer.
         | 
         | even if you are a small startup and can't promise more than 100
         | units/yr, its entirely likely that they will build a custom PCB
         | or riser or chassis on the chance that you will be successful.
         | not a whole design, but a tweak on one of their standard
         | models. they've done that for me before with no NRE, maybe they
         | do charge sometimes.
         | 
         | so their moat is that they have enough money to make those
         | bets, and an engineering organization that can do that in a
         | lightweight enough fashion to make the whole thing work. and
         | they do this while remaining very cost competitive
        
           | godzillabrennus wrote:
           | Given how few people in a "startup" possess the skills to
           | know and articulate their needs and have the network to reach
           | the right people in a company that size, it seems like a
           | reasonable bet to make.
        
             | convolvatron wrote:
             | their sales people are in on this - not a special deal.
             | need a extra hole in this chassis? yeah sure, lets do that.
        
         | throwaway11460 wrote:
         | Their moat is good server hardware that can be ordered without
         | talking to a sales person that has one goal - determine how
         | much they can milk your budget.
        
           | 1oooqooq wrote:
           | ironically they could only do that by a lack of investor
           | interest. Let's see how many days this last now.
        
             | throwaway11460 wrote:
             | It lasted 3 decades and they always knew that this is the
             | number one reason why people buy from them. I think it's
             | safe, but let's see.
        
           | Gelob wrote:
           | They used to let you order without talking to sales, now they
           | want to validate the config like Dell and HPE. They are slow
           | and don't respond and their ETAs are terrible and often
           | wrong.
        
             | amluto wrote:
             | They have multiple friendly, competent resellers who will
             | happily quote their machines, often using online tools, and
             | will often come in around half of, say, Dell's price. Maybe
             | even better if you want something ridiculous like disks in
             | your machine.
             | 
             | This has been the case for years.
        
         | rmah wrote:
         | Their competition is the enterprise hardware divisions of HP,
         | Dell, and IBM. SuperMicro makes reasonably good quality, lower-
         | cost server equipment. They are, IMO, a pretty good value if
         | you don't want high-end support from the hardware vendor.
        
           | 0xcde4c3db wrote:
           | ASRock has also pushed into some of Supermicro's traditional
           | product segments via the "ASRock Rack" brand. I have no idea
           | how big that business is, though.
        
             | kbar13 wrote:
             | nowhere near as prevalent as supermicro still. asrock rack
             | does make some decent stuff tho so i would imagine theres a
             | good future there
        
             | jauntywundrkind wrote:
             | Gigabyte and Zotac also comes to mind, resemble Asrock.
             | 
             | There's a bunch of other kit too, but
             | https://servethehome.com reviews a bunch of the various
             | rack systems.
             | 
             | Example of some late January posts. Albeit none are of the
             | "fits lots of GPU" sort that is helping propel Supermicro,
             | but these folks all have those offerings too,
             | 
             | Supermicro SYS-511R-M Intel Xeon E-2488 1U Server Review
             | https://www.servethehome.com/supermicro-sys-511r-m-intel-
             | xeo...
             | 
             | Gigabyte R183-Z95 Review Dual AMD EPYC Server with a EDSFF
             | Twist
             | https://www.servethehome.com/gigabyte-r183-z95-review-
             | dual-a...
             | 
             | ASRock Rack ALTRAD8UD-1L2T Review This is the Ampere Arm
             | Motherboard You... https://www.servethehome.com/asrock-
             | rack-altrad8ud-1l2t-revi...
        
           | 1letterunixname wrote:
           | HPE, Dell, and IBM are glorified CDW-business model
           | salespeople. Megacorps have no use for that when they can
           | engage the source and get their own custom gear.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanta_Computer
        
         | oldpersonintx wrote:
         | Decent products with decent service, no gimmicks and fair
         | pricing is a moat
        
         | 1letterunixname wrote:
         | Quanta and FoxConn. The weird thing though, is the megacorps
         | who can afford to design their own gear in-house are spending
         | money on these outside shops. Waste of money.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | Depends how you see it. Spending resources to do it in house
           | when an outside shop does it could be seen as a waste of
           | money too. if someone else is already doing it, why spend
           | money redoing what they do?
        
         | guilhas wrote:
         | As a home user I like their hardware has the least vendor lock
         | in, so when things break it is easier to replace with generic
         | parts or swap around
        
         | rodgerd wrote:
         | Here's the incumbent experience for proper servers:
         | 
         | 1. You're a small company. None of the big companies will talk
         | to you. You're a waste of their time.
         | 
         | 2. You're a medium company. Maybe the worst sales person on the
         | team is desperate enough to talk to you.
         | 
         | 3. You're a big company. They will be only too happy to talk to
         | you.
         | 
         | You want to buy a rack of servers. They will not sell you a
         | rack of servers. No, no, no.
         | 
         | You need to talk about how their SAN is much better than your
         | current SAN. Also they just bought a virtualisation company so
         | maybe you should replace your virtualisation stack with theirs.
         | And have you considered how helpful their outsourcing service
         | could be for running your datacentre? They'll undercut your
         | current team of staff as long as you commit to replacing all
         | your servers with theirs. Also they hear you're making use of
         | REST services, have you considered one of their REST security
         | appliances? They'll throw them in free.
         | 
         | None of these conversations happen with the person trying to
         | buy a rack of servers, they'll happen with a vice president or
         | procument or your finance team. Your rack of servers comes with
         | a bunch of "free" stuff that you didn't want and don't have
         | time to implement. Eighteen months later you're being told to
         | drop all your work that your customers care about, because
         | whoever inked the deal with the free REST appliances looks
         | stupid if they don't get used, so you have to implement them
         | 
         | Supermicro are just selling you a rack of servers.
        
       | dangle1 wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/FrBaL
        
       | rasz wrote:
       | >obscure server maker
       | 
       | First google server racks
       | 
       | https://blog.codinghorror.com/building-a-computer-the-google...
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Google#Late_1990s
       | 
       | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Google%27s_first...
       | 
       | were build using Supermicro P6SBM
        
       | bawana wrote:
       | I guess a company just has to move close to nvidia, label one of
       | its products with 'ai' and watch its valuations 10x.
       | Foodtruck.ai?
        
         | riwsky wrote:
         | LLM = Large Lunch Menu = $$$
        
         | solumunus wrote:
         | SMCI is experiencing massive revenue growth, so you also need
         | that. SMCI forward PE isn't even that crazy yet, TSLA had much
         | higher at its peak.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | I thought this was a meme pump, are these guys actually having
       | some legitimate products or services?
        
         | ardaoweo wrote:
         | Server-grade motherboards that have been widely used for a long
         | time sounds like a legitimate product business. Whether or not
         | they have long-lasting competitive advantage, that is another
         | question.
        
         | throwaway11460 wrote:
         | It's the oldest, most successful, cheapest and for many people
         | technologically superior server maker that's not IBM or HPE.
         | Many successful businesses were built on their products in the
         | past 3 decades. Most notably Google.
        
           | hakfoo wrote:
           | They were always in the list of "you want something that's
           | workstation/server reliable, but you don't want to deal with
           | an OEM who's going to sell you a propriatery
           | case/PSU/motherboard. ISTR Tyan being in the same boat, but
           | you don't hear as much about them anymore.
        
             | chx wrote:
             | As a small, very specific footnote: I am unaware of anyone
             | but Supermicro making 3U chassis with a 80mm rear fan. As
             | the ATX rear I/O is sized to squeeze into 1U it means
             | there's only 2U or 88.90mm left for fans and most chassis
             | makers will just go with 60mm fans.
        
               | hakfoo wrote:
               | ISTR seeing they did 4U with 120mm instead of dual 80
               | too. That always looked compelling, because I figured a
               | 4U rackmount would make a neat desktop-style case, but I
               | could never justify the price.
        
               | somat wrote:
               | I make my desktops out of 4u chassis. Mainly because they
               | have good airflow. But it does bring one glaring design
               | issue to light. consumer grade mother boards are
               | schizophrenic about their airflow. the cpu and ram are
               | orientated to flow left to right and the expansion cards
               | expect the flow to go front to back. Server grade mother
               | boards have coherent airflow however I have found server
               | boards are less than optimal for a desktop application.
               | they boot slow, are picky about components, and the cpus
               | tend to be slow and wide. So I tend to alternate, one
               | generation I get fed up with consumer grade bullshit and
               | buy a server grade board, the next I get fed up with
               | server grade bullshit and buy a consumer board.
               | 
               | My favorite chassis so far has been this generic one, the
               | fans suck(just buy a new set of good fans right away) and
               | supplied drive bays suck. but look at all them 5 1/4
               | bays, bays for days. You can put every stupid hotswap
               | bay, fan controller and drink holder gimmick you want in
               | there. and still have room for more.
               | 
               | https://www.newegg.com/rosewill-
               | rsv-l4500u-black/p/N82E16811...
        
               | chx wrote:
               | AsRock X570D4i-2t because https://www.reddit.com/r/sffpc/
               | comments/lymbka/asrock_rack_x...
        
             | jethro_tell wrote:
             | Man, I got a rack of tyans recently and I have to say, its
             | not even a contest. Maybe something was of with that order
             | but 1/3 of the hosts had issues, I suspect at the
             | motherboard level but aside from sending them back a couple
             | times for service support I've pretty much abandon the rack
             | at this point. I'll probably send the machines to the
             | shredder and replace them next time I have a budget cycle.
        
         | formerly_proven wrote:
         | Supermicro has been around since forever and is like one out of
         | one and a half OEMs who actually sell server building blocks on
         | the open market.
         | 
         | Stock market shenanigans are also hardly a new experience for
         | this symbol, either: Already forgot about the discredited 2018
         | Bloomberg hit piece?
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-10-04/the-big-h...
        
         | rsync wrote:
         | "...are these guys actually having some legitimate products or
         | services?"
         | 
         | rsync.net is built entirely on supermicro head units and, until
         | a few years ago, their JBODs.
         | 
         | Then they got greedy and tried to do the old "certified drives"
         | bullshit with their JBODs and that was the end of that ... now
         | we use the celestica JBODs we source from IX systems.
         | 
         | Head units are still supermicro, though. Fingers crossed ...
        
         | wil421 wrote:
         | I've used several of their sever motherboards and RAM. They are
         | good products. There's one in my NAS right now.
        
         | andruby wrote:
         | I've bought and used supermicro servers since 2004. They sell
         | good hardware without the IBM / HP premium.
        
         | hello_computer wrote:
         | They aren't as nicely made as HP's offerings, but solid, and
         | good value for the price. I'd buy a used Super Micro before I'd
         | buy a brand-new Dell, even if the Dell were cheaper.
        
         | linsomniac wrote:
         | Since around 2000 I bought something shy of 1,000 of them for a
         | small server hosting company. Mostly the smaller ones in the
         | sub-$1,000 price range, and we had very good luck with them.
         | With the exception of one year where we had a roughly 100%
         | failure rate on the power supplies (same make, model, mfg as
         | ones we had in service 5+ years), they were just workhorses at
         | extremely reasonable prices.
         | 
         | After the power supply failures we started switching to their
         | "twin^2" units (or something named like that) which were 2U RM
         | boxes with redundant power supplies and 4x semi-blade servers,
         | which again we could provision for the sub-$1,000 price.
         | 
         | I've since looked at pricing some systems from them as an
         | alternative for the Dell servers we've been buying more
         | recently, and oddly enough the prices all seem to be in the
         | $10K+ range. A pretty big shock to see what used to be "dirt
         | cheap servers" up in that range, but the RAM and SSDs really
         | add up. Even though Dell seems to have insane pricing in their
         | configurator for RAM and drives...
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | Softlayer was built on all/mostly all SuperMicro servers up
         | until IBM bought Softlayer and then there were a lot of Lenovo.
         | 
         | As an employee of a customer of Softlayer, the servers were
         | very reliable. I have my personal hosting on a rented
         | SuperMicro server now, and pretty happy with it, even if the
         | hardware is 10+ years old (Xeon Lynnfield) and the IPMI
         | requires ancient JNLP that barely works ... I only barely need
         | IPMI (gotta console in to decrypt the disks on reboots, and it
         | was handy for setup)
        
       | pavlov wrote:
       | Super Micro stock was clearly undervalued even on traditional P/E
       | metrics as recently as 2022. And I believe the reason for the
       | depressed stock price was Bloomberg's allegations that China was
       | using Super Micro's motherboards as Trojan horses for spy chips:
       | 
       | https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/years-later-bloom...
       | 
       | Bloomberg originally broke this story in 2018, then repeated the
       | allegations in 2021. But AFAIK it was never proven.
       | 
       | The Nvidia + Meta connection finally broke the spell and allowed
       | investors to look at SMCI with fresh eyes.
        
         | diggan wrote:
         | > Bloomberg originally broke this story in 2018, then repeated
         | the allegations in 2021. But AFAIK it was never proven.
         | 
         | Isn't that libel? Or something similar at least, not super
         | familiar with US laws.
        
           | pavlov wrote:
           | My amateur understanding is that it's very hard to
           | successfully sue journalists for libel in the US because
           | you'd have to prove malicious intent. A journalist writing a
           | story based on their sources may have been misled by someone
           | with an agenda, but didn't write the false story with active
           | malice.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | As someone who has done journalism, that's basically
             | correct. All indications are that simultaneously the story
             | wasn't true and the reporter and all their editors firmly
             | believed it was true. My personal assumption is that they
             | believed the story was solidly sourced but they were
             | misled.
             | 
             | ADDED: Standards are somewhat different between private
             | people and public people/corporations.
        
               | GauntletWizard wrote:
               | I'm glad the story ran, even if it wasn't true - because
               | it opened people's minds to the idea that this was
               | happening. And it is a very real possibility. O.MG is a
               | hobbyist project, but there's no question that the NSAs
               | dirty tricks book, ANT/TAO[1] has something similar, but
               | far more capable.
               | 
               | We should all be paying attention to hardware suppliers
               | and making sure that objects are "as-ordered", but today
               | even a standard chip packaging can hide a ton of
               | malicious logic.
               | 
               | [1]https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANT_catalog
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > We should all be paying attention to hardware suppliers
               | and making sure that objects are "as-ordered", but today
               | even a standard chip packaging can hide a ton of
               | malicious logic.
               | 
               | For smartphones, laptops and PCs that is relatively easy
               | to defend against if you think you might be a target for
               | three-letter agencies - just walk into a computer store
               | and buy what they have on the shelf with cash. Even the
               | NSA doesn't have the resources to intercept and modify
               | all the shipments to Apple, Best Buy, Costco and whatnot
               | - and I'd guess at least Apple has pretty strict security
               | in their supply chain given that Apple stuff has insane
               | value even just for parts if someone were to intercept a
               | delivery.
               | 
               | Network architecture however, that is more complex.
               | Cables, Ubiquiti, HP and Dell stuff, you can buy that off
               | the shelf, so same advantage. But servers? Good luck
               | finding ones on the shelf _anywhere_.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | and ruining Company's reputation over a lie is what - a
               | collatetal damage?
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | The source in this case admitted that he presented a
             | hypothetical scenario with a random SMD component as an
             | example. The ignorant Bloomberg employee embroidered that
             | into a lie.
        
               | underlipton wrote:
               | >Ignorant
               | 
               | Never attribute to ignorance what can be explained by
               | malice and corruption (post-GFC/Madoff, finance and its
               | cottage industries no longer get the benefit of the
               | doubt).
        
           | verticalscaler wrote:
           | First we had too big to fail, now we have too stupid to fail.
        
         | 1letterunixname wrote:
         | Meta is wasting all kind of money ($40B across 2 years) on
         | Nvidia, SMCI, and their own gear. SMCI and Nvidia stocks are
         | now overvalued because there are no fundamentals to sustain
         | this business. OpenAI/Microsoft may be an exception, but Meta
         | is wasting money it doesn't have on profits that aren't there.
         | These data centers and servers are being built on orders of
         | Zuck without a concrete, specific product or purpose for their
         | use. This is akin to a newbie business owner buying lots of
         | inventory without orders.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | you know the saying; the market can stay irrational longer
           | than you can stay solvent and all that. turns out P/E ratios
           | determine a theoretical floor for the price, but as we've
           | seen with Tsla and crypto, this shits all vibes anyway. AI
           | isn't slowing down, or going to go anywhere, so these stocks,
           | overvalued though you might see them, aren't going to go down
           | anytime soon, in my opinion, so while what your say is true,
           | NVDA and smci are safe to hold. the real question is what's
           | going on with tsmc and mu, given their proximity to NVDA, and
           | their lack of a pop.
        
             | solumunus wrote:
             | Currently TSM isn't guiding much growth, I would guess we
             | see an uptick in guidance in their next earnings report.
        
               | _zoltan_ wrote:
               | they report earnings monthly.
        
             | epolanski wrote:
             | It's interesting you mention Tesla, because their sales
             | clearly show that the growth expectation was not realistic.
             | 
             | And in case of Nvidia it's even much worse.
             | 
             | In order for Nvidia to be worth a decent premium over the
             | yield of some index fund like VOO (you're taking much more
             | risk), it has to grow in the order of 42% per year for a
             | decade in revenue.
             | 
             | There's no such amounts of money to be spent in hardware,
             | it's lunacy.
             | 
             | Not even the other tech giants combined have even a small
             | part of the money required for such growth.
             | 
             | And on top of that, this is a very dynamic sector where any
             | competitor, technological breakthrough can make you the new
             | IBM.
             | 
             | Prices like Nvidia were highly overvalued but
             | understandable with a stretch of imagination of 25% growth
             | for a decade when it was 300$. I could almost see it and
             | would've still concluded it was an unlikely outcome and
             | risk/reward ratio was not there.
             | 
             | But now we long past that mark and in the territory of
             | insane expectations and high premiums paid with a very high
             | risk.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > There's no such amounts of money to be spent in
               | hardware, it's lunacy.
               | 
               | Oh, money there is. NVIDIA is selling shovels to hordes
               | of people searching for gold... first it was cr*ptoc*in
               | miners, now it's billion dollar companies in the search
               | for AGI. But unlike shovels that anyone with access to
               | iron, a fire and a hammer can make, there are only five
               | companies on this planet that can design the chips in the
               | first place: Google and Amazon (who don't sell to
               | outsiders), Intel (who has other, more pressing issues
               | than to design AI training accelerators), AMD (who has
               | the chops on the hardware design side but seems to be
               | completely unable to get the software side stable enough
               | that people would be even willing to look at it) and
               | NVIDIA.
               | 
               | And to make the issue worse, there are only three fab
               | houses who can physically manufacture the chips: TSMC,
               | Samsung and Intel... TSMC is all but booked out already,
               | Samsung is nowhere near their level, and Intel both
               | doesn't do fab jobs for outsiders _and_ has completely
               | botched their new nodes for years now.
               | 
               | There is just no way _anyone_ can outsmart NVIDIA at that
               | point, and demand is only going to increase in pretty
               | nasty bidding wars.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | > Oh, money there is.
               | 
               | Spot on. Nvidia can't even meet all existing demand right
               | now.
               | 
               | https://fortune.com/2024/02/21/nvidia-earnings-ceo-
               | jensen-hu...
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Money there is for sure, the claim though is the slightly
               | different 'there isn't that much'. I don't know who is
               | right, but it is the imporant question if you are
               | investing long term.
        
           | caslon wrote:
           | Meta obviously has the money; $135B revenue, $88B in
           | expenses, $18B in debt.
           | 
           | Even assuming the current push toward general AI is a bubble,
           | which is not unreasonable, the company can afford to throw
           | away billions of dollars. It doesn't matter at all; they own
           | the money printer and can make as many bets in as many
           | markets as they want.
           | 
           | The same GPUs that are presently being used to create semi-
           | open AI projects can just as easily be repurposed to power a
           | public launch of their Codec avatars, which are lightyears
           | ahead of what Apple has, or for better prediction engines in
           | what are quite probably the best sales engines of all time:
           | Their websites.
           | 
           | Their data centers will be useful for the future of selling
           | products to gullible consumers: Short-form video, which is
           | the first chance in years that they've had to meaningfully
           | take market share from Google.
           | 
           | Even assuming it was all vanity, Zuckerberg has earned the
           | right at this stage in his career to _make_ vanity plays. He
           | still has majority control over his company, which
           | shareholders have insisted upon, and he has an almost
           | untarnished record of making incredible long-term bets that
           | seem irrational at the time (Instagram acquisition, Whatsapp
           | acquisition, arguably the Oculus acquisition).
           | 
           | He's earned drastic amounts of money for speculators, who
           | have done little to deserve any of it. It would be a strange
           | thing to argue that the speculators suddenly have a better
           | grasp of what he's doing than he does; there are millions of
           | speculators, but only one person with a track record like
           | Zuckerberg.
        
           | matwood wrote:
           | Meta has plenty of money to spend. It's also been reported
           | that Meta is using AI to get around Apple's ATT [1], with
           | some reports saying that user ad targeting is better than
           | before ATT came out [2]. Meta is already executing and
           | succeeding on a concrete plan using their AI.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonmarkman/2023/05/24/metas-
           | ai-...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.socialmediatoday.com/news/meta-outlines-
           | evolving...
        
         | hello_computer wrote:
         | I think most consumer market "reporting" is poorly-disguised
         | market-manipulation. Best advice for your portfolio is to tune
         | all of those assholes completely out.
        
           | underlipton wrote:
           | Something fun: pay attention to how many financial news
           | headlines are formatted, "X as Y" or "Statement Presented as
           | Fact: Says Opinion-Haver". The first implies that there's
           | some causational link between X and Y, when none might exist;
           | the writer can claim that they were just stating that two
           | events were happening in tandem. The second biases a reader
           | before they receive the crucial information that the
           | preceding statement was not, in fact, fact.
           | 
           | (Also, lately, look out for listicles of stocks "to buy" (not
           | financial advice, of course) and "Forget X".)
        
         | zettabomb wrote:
         | That was such an incredibly ridiculous story. I spoke with more
         | than a few supposed infosec "professionals" who believed it
         | entirely too. Never mind that there were zero reports from
         | other journals (you know, like anything even slightly
         | technical), that none of the cited sources would reiterate what
         | they had supposedly said, or that the claimed mode of operation
         | wasn't even possible. Their follow-up, _despite having been
         | disproven numerous times over_ , was even more ridiculous.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | If I'm assuming everyone involved had good intentions, the
           | best thing I can guess is someone was speaking to the writer
           | about the potential of the BMC being used for spying and got
           | some details mixed up.
           | 
           | Consider: the BMC has access to the system via PCI-e, as well
           | as kvm and comport. In some systems, the BMC is in the path
           | of the main NIC. There have been some major software flaws in
           | BMC software, including revisions that SuperMicro shipped,
           | where passwords could be bypassed in the network interface.
           | 
           | Stuff like this https://web.archive.org/web/20140625065505/ht
           | tp://blog.cari.... and other things on this page
           | http://fish2.com/ipmi/ are all pretty nasty if you thought
           | IPMI was secure in the neighborhood of 2014.
        
         | darth_avocado wrote:
         | The low valuation had less to do with the spying allegations
         | and more to do with a history of accounting frauds. Obviously
         | if you have a proven history of fudging up revenue numbers,
         | investors are less likely to invest in you.
         | 
         | https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2020-190
        
           | guiriduro wrote:
           | If that were true, Carvana wouldn't have an obscene
           | valuation.
        
       | solarkraft wrote:
       | ... and they're not an obscure server maker anymore? What
       | happened?
       | 
       | As far as I know, as much as being obscure, they've also been
       | around forever.
        
       | jsnell wrote:
       | I would have thought every server maker was able to sell every
       | GPU they got their hands on at this point in the hype cycle. If
       | SuperMicro is gaining market share, isn't it just a sign that
       | Nvidia is giving them a bigger GPU allocation?
        
         | solumunus wrote:
         | That's the rumour, NVDA give them higher priority because of a
         | longstanding relationship.
        
       | johnklos wrote:
       | It'd be nice if they gave a damn about security. I had clients
       | stop buying them because a glaring security problem was
       | determined to be "not an issue" that they wouldn't fix.
       | 
       | It's one thing to say they wouldn't or couldn't fix products
       | already made with the flaw, but it's another entirely to have a
       | culture of security that says, "Sure, this flaw could cause your
       | machine full, unfettered compromise, but because it's not likely
       | to happen and not highly publicized, we don't care."
       | 
       | It makes me think they'll treat current and future security
       | problems the same way. Security shouldn't be based on popularity
       | contests.
       | 
       | Sorry, but not for me.
        
         | gizmo wrote:
         | Do you have more info on this? iDRAC doesn't have the best
         | security track record either, but people don't really seem to
         | care.
        
           | dualboot wrote:
           | Indeed. An OOB interface is something you should always
           | handle like radioactive material. It's volatile, powerful,
           | and should be handled with extreme care and caution.
        
           | johnklos wrote:
           | In a nutshell, the problem is this. I don't know whether this
           | has changed, but this was true as of 2018 / 2019.
           | 
           | Most of their motherboards have IPMI with a separate a
           | management port. A good number of them share IPMI management
           | with the motherboard's primary ethernet port by default if
           | nothing is plugged in to the management port. The
           | motherboards have no way to configure them to NOT share the
           | primary ethernet port beyond having the full stack of
           | software needed to configure their IPMI.
           | 
           | What this means is that there're no jumpers one can change
           | and no settings accessible in the BIOS that can force IPMI to
           | stay on its own port, so if a BIOS gets reset, the battery
           | dies or even just temporarily fails to provide power (like if
           | it's being shipped by air and gets very cold), or you want to
           | ship servers directly to a datacenter, the machine is 100%
           | ownable on the public interface BY DEFAULT unless the
           | management port is connected (and even then sometimes it
           | decides to share the primary port - probably a function of
           | link negotiation speed with the switch).
           | 
           | Sure, it's not a common occurrence, but it happens.
           | 
           | The solution for all the servers we already had deployed? We
           | got ethernet loopback plugs for every one of them where the
           | IPMI port wasn't already connected to a switch we
           | administered.
           | 
           | A reasonable response: "Sure, that could be a problem
           | sometimes. We can't change motherboards we already sold, but
           | we'll bring this up with our design team so there'll be a
           | jumper you can change so sharing will never happen, even with
           | a reset BIOS."
           | 
           | Their response: "This isn't a security issue."
        
             | dilyevsky wrote:
             | This! And their bmc is trash and openbmc only ships on few
             | boards (arm ones iirc)
        
             | secabeen wrote:
             | This is an interesting attack surface. Can you extend the
             | risk out a bit? Assume that you have a vulnerable
             | supermicro IPMI now exposed on a public interface. It has
             | no IP address, and is presumably issuing DHCP DISCOVERs in
             | an effort to get an IP. How do you reach the IPMI device to
             | exploit it? What additional access do you need to get
             | there?
             | 
             | Root on another device on that public network would do, you
             | could forge the necessary DHCP responses to get it
             | configured with an IP address of your choosing. Non-root on
             | another device on that network might also work, if it fails
             | DHCP and self-configures on a 169.254 address, assuming it
             | does that.
             | 
             | Is there an obvious way to exploit such an issue from
             | beyond the public subnet?Every attack I can imagine would
             | be blocked by either inbound firewalls, or a failure to
             | reach the IPMI as an unexpected device on the public
             | subnet. I suppose that it would be a possible risk if you
             | have a DHCP server on that public subnet issuing IP
             | addresses to all devices, but that seems like a larger risk
             | anyways. Server networks should be static assigned or
             | static DHCP in all cases.
        
               | dilyevsky wrote:
               | > This is an interesting attack surface. Can you extend
               | the risk out a bit? Assume that you have a vulnerable
               | supermicro IPMI now exposed on a public interface. It has
               | no IP address, and is presumably issuing DHCP DISCOVERs
               | in an effort to get an IP. How do you reach the IPMI
               | device to exploit it? What additional access do you need
               | to get there?
               | 
               | I think you misunderstood the level of fucked up this
               | really was. The BMC device sits on the north bridge and
               | literally scoops up packets from the main NIC which means
               | it can even be accessible from the internets (if you
               | didn't firewall port 623). See [0] for an example how
               | variation of this unfolded.
               | 
               | [0] -
               | https://www.zdnet.com/article/over-47000-supermicro-
               | servers-...
        
               | hsbauauvhabzb wrote:
               | I unknowingly did this, I found a random ip exposing the
               | interface, and used admin/admin to compromise it - I was
               | very confused as I explicitly did not plug in the ipmi
               | interface as I do not want it.
               | 
               | I ended up using a PCIE nic, which ipmi does not auto
               | bridge to.
        
               | johnklos wrote:
               | There are plenty of cheap colos that do no filtering on
               | their public networks. Some are saving money by putting a
               | number of machines on a single ethernet segment, some are
               | saving IPs by not having a /31 (or, much more often, a
               | /30) for each client, and some both, so a compromised
               | machine could easily run a DHCP server and scan any
               | takers. You're right that no sensible network would
               | forward packets to a misconfigured IPMI, though.
               | 
               | That still leaves very real things that've happened - the
               | IPMI switches to the public interface and can no longer
               | be reached on the managed local interface, and then
               | you're rebooting several times in hopes it'll switch back
               | and making aliases on a public interface to see if you
               | can talk to it on the public segment. It's not
               | professional at all.
        
             | wannacboatmovie wrote:
             | > The motherboards have no way to configure them to NOT
             | blah blah blah....
             | 
             | Most of your claims are false.
             | 
             | Super Micro has a utility to write the correct bits into
             | EEPROM to disable this behaviour and stop the failover as
             | default.
             | 
             | The utility was available years ago, prior to the time
             | frame you state.
             | 
             | Any competent sysadmin would just build this into the
             | deployment task sequence.
        
               | johnklos wrote:
               | First, do you have a link to documentation for this
               | ability?
               | 
               | Second, "any competent sysadmin" would have to know that
               | this exists. Super Micro's security team didn't know this
               | existed, or if they did, they failed to mention it in
               | their response.
        
               | wannacboatmovie wrote:
               | In the normal run of things, I'd tell you to do your own
               | research.
               | 
               | But we're all Irish today and I'm in a particularly
               | giving mood.
               | 
               | https://www.supermicro.com/Bios/sw_download/645/IPMICFG_U
               | ser...
               | 
               | IPMICFG -lani 0
               | 
               | You're welcome.
               | 
               | (I do recall the syntax being a bit more cryptic, passing
               | hex values, perhaps they've improved things since I last
               | did this. Nevertheless, the capability has always been
               | there.)
               | 
               | SuperMicro themselves not knowing this exists isn't
               | surprising in the least.
        
               | RVuRnvbM2e wrote:
               | according to that doc the functionality was only added
               | late 2022.
        
               | wannacboatmovie wrote:
               | Impossible as I was doing this nearly 10 years ago.
               | 
               | See my comment about remembering the process to be rather
               | cryptic (writing hex values to address offsets) but the
               | capability WAS there.
               | 
               | Perhaps they added that switch recently to make it more
               | user friendly.
        
               | johnklos wrote:
               | ...but IPMI configuration isn't stored in EEPROM. It's
               | stored in NVRAM.
               | 
               | And I believe you that you configured this pre-2022, but
               | anyone could use the IPMI tools to configure this
               | pre-2022 and pre- -lani option. You're trying to say it's
               | in EEPROM, meaning it's invulnerable to battery loss. It
               | definitely isn't.
        
             | broknbottle wrote:
             | Supermicro does offer board variants without the IPMI
             | feature. I'd argue that most people who are buying the
             | variants with IPMI are planning to utilize the feature..
             | 
             | The sideband feature also tends to be associated with an
             | interface on the board that is considered the non dedicated
             | IPMI "management" interface. Use one of the other onboard
             | NIC ports or an PCI-E NIC like x550-T2, etc.
        
       | markhahn wrote:
       | hasn't been obscure for a long time.
       | 
       | this says more about WSJ-reading "enterprise" IT than anything
       | else.
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | If only I had known they were listed in the US. Just assumed they
       | were an offshore company (based on their pretty terrible
       | support). Disclosure: long time user.
        
       | jakehop wrote:
       | SM has been producing good quality hardware for decades. I
       | remember them from catalogues of my childhood. Obscure is not the
       | right word here.
        
       | gnuser wrote:
       | I've built entire DC's out of Super Micro hardware, they rock.
       | 
       | For example, their quad opteron boards allowed me to make 64 core
       | systems in 2013-era!
        
       | latchkey wrote:
       | Disclosure: Building a CSP business around SMCI products. Sorry
       | if this sounds like an advertisement, I'm really just a happy
       | customer.
       | 
       | I feel like the reason why SMCI has done so well in this AI round
       | is because their server architecture is best in class and they
       | have been able to support the internal changes necessary for AI
       | workloads. They also support AMD CPUs, while others only offer
       | Intel.
       | 
       | 6 years ago, Cenly Chen / SMCI was saying AI was going to be huge
       | and that total revenue would be $36B, in 2025 [0]. We are well
       | past that number now. Amazing how AI turned out to be even bigger
       | than anyone could have imagined, but at least they had some
       | vision even back then.
       | 
       | Dell, Giga, ZTS are all behind in their offerings while SMCI is
       | iterating and are now even getting to the point of water cooling
       | and L11 manufacturing.
       | 
       | I just received a shipment of AS-8125GS-TNMR2 (8U MI300x) and the
       | thing is an amazingly well designed beast of a chassis.
       | Everything slots together perfectly. If you study the user
       | documentation, the layouts of the internal block diagrams are
       | fantastic and build for speed.
       | 
       | We are lucky enough to have been able to open an account directly
       | with them. It wasn't easy and required a ton of due diligence,
       | but working with the team there has been a top notch experience.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzqBuiwkv5I
        
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