[HN Gopher] Earth Received a Message Laser-Beamed from 10M Miles...
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       Earth Received a Message Laser-Beamed from 10M Miles Away in NASA
       Test
        
       Author : hackernj
       Score  : 60 points
       Date   : 2024-03-17 07:04 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.sciencealert.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.sciencealert.com)
        
       | tosh wrote:
       | > the laser photons took about 50 seconds to get from spacecraft
       | to telescope
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | >If we're going to eventually be able to send high-definition
       | video messages to and from Mars without a significant delay, then
       | this is a step towards the tech we need.
       | 
       | Won't all Mars messages have a significant delay due to the speed
       | of light more than bandwidth?
        
         | mr_sturd wrote:
         | In the case of Perseverance, I think data has to be sent in
         | batches to a relay satellite and the forwarded back to Earth.
         | That time when the satellite has line-of-sight with the rover
         | is short, before the signal is lost, and it has to wait before
         | continuing.
         | 
         | It'll mean more data can be sent in these batches from what I
         | understand.
        
         | thrance wrote:
         | I think they meant "more significant than it need to be".
         | 
         | Recently I looked up how long it takes light to go to Mars from
         | Earth : it's between 3 and 20 minutes depending on their
         | relative positions.
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | That's my interpretation as well.
           | 
           | Traditionally deep space bandwidth is low so that sending
           | huge amount of data takes a long time in addition to time of
           | travel.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | Yup, no realtime communications of any sort, even texting,
           | with people living in the Mars cities. I think living in the
           | moon will be much more attractive to people, given that you
           | can still have video/voice calls with a slight lag (2600ms
           | roundtrip) and text conversations with no perceptible latency
           | increase (vs ones to people still on Earth).
        
             | dotnet00 wrote:
             | Personally I don't think an up to 20-40 minute lag for
             | communications will be that big of a deal, it'll take a bit
             | of getting used to, plus mechanisms to synchronize internet
             | data with Earth, but we're pretty used to asynchronous
             | communications, and prior to the advent of electricity, not
             | having realtime communication over large distances was
             | normal and tolerable.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | >plus mechanisms to synchronize internet data with Earth
               | 
               | Even in a future where there's a city on Mars, that seems
               | unlikely.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | I disagree, long term I think we'd have at least a
               | significant portion of internet data synchronized between
               | the two. Of course early on it'd probably just be in the
               | form of certain popular entertainment sources and
               | informational resources being periodically uploaded from
               | Earth, more akin to a Plex or Invidious server and
               | Wikipedia backup for Mars.
               | 
               | But as the size of a colony grows, it just makes more and
               | more sense to sync up as much data as possible. Eg a
               | YouTube Mars which downlinks ahead of time trending
               | videos + videos from people subscribed to by Martians +
               | videos the algorithm thinks Martians will like and
               | uplinks the same stuff for Earth.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | Some very small subset is perhaps plausible, but I think
               | you're overestimating how much Google or Netflix would
               | care about addressing a small and inconvenient market.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | A major self-sustaining colony on Mars will probably take
               | 50-100 years, at which point Google as well as its
               | current jurisdiction of registration (Delaware) will
               | likely both be history.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | Self-sustaining? I think that's far enough out that is
               | basically pointless to speculate a deadline. It would
               | require too many breakthroughs.
        
               | mewpmewp2 wrote:
               | Maybe you can get an AI agent for both of you who knows
               | how to perfectly simulate you in a dialogue or predict to
               | great accuracy what you would say on both sides.
        
             | mikhailt wrote:
             | Deleted due to incorrect understanding.
        
               | Evidlo wrote:
               | Faster-than-light communication of any sort breaks
               | causality and is not permitted by physics.
               | 
               | Quantum entanglement does not allow you to communicate.
               | It just means two particles have a linked but random
               | state.
        
         | thecosmicfrog wrote:
         | This is why Star Trek uses "subspace" as a plot handwavium[1]
         | to explain how a starship can hail Earth from hundreds of
         | lightyears away with seemingly no latency.
         | 
         | [1] handwavium, my favourite new word:
         | https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=handwavium
        
           | macintux wrote:
           | For some illogical reason I never had a problem with sending
           | messages across such vast distances, but when the Enterprise
           | detected another ship starting its engines from a light year
           | away my suspension of disbelief collapsed.
        
             | jryb wrote:
             | Easy fix: subspace-based sensors. If the other ship is
             | transmitting in any way, or its engine produces visible
             | artifacts in the subspace field, it could be detected.
        
         | sigmoid10 wrote:
         | You're mixing up two concepts here: Bandwidth and latency
         | (ping). Latency will always be limited by the speed of light,
         | but bandwidth is currently limited by radio transmission. The
         | upload speed for rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance peaks
         | at like 2000kb/s tops under ideal conditions and is also
         | limited to a few minutes at a time when the relay orbiter is in
         | the right position. With lasers, bandwidth is measured in
         | hundreds of Gb/s. That's the difference between sending an
         | image in less than a second vs. having to wait a day.
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | This will get us to Mars orbit, but don't we have to go to
           | radio anyway to relay through the atmosphere to the surface?
        
             | sigmoid10 wrote:
             | Mars atmosphere can barely be called that. It's less than
             | one percent of earth's pressure. People just have a wrong
             | perception of it because of wildly inaccurate depictions in
             | movies like The Martian. And even if you want to transmit
             | using radio between the surface and low orbit, it's far
             | less of a bandwidth issue than transmitting over millions
             | of kilometers. Deep space transmissions of the future will
             | use optical wavelengths instead of radio, there's no
             | question about it.
        
               | estiaan wrote:
               | It's not just the atmosphere that's an issue though,
               | having a laser in earth's orbit track something on mars'
               | surface and vice versa would require some incredible
               | tracking, it would be easier to go from orbit to orbit
        
               | sigmoid10 wrote:
               | It's not that hard with modern electronics. Telescopes
               | with adaptive optics have been doing that since the 90s.
               | Also beware that a laser doesn't remain perfectly
               | coherent over many kilometers (let alone millions). So
               | it's not like you need to perfectly hit a satellite dish
               | area of a few m^2 on the surface of mars from earth. It's
               | not really any harder to do from the surface than from
               | orbit. In fact it might actually be easier since you
               | don't just have to account for the rotation and orbit of
               | earth but also for the orbital velocity of the relay.
        
             | LoveMortuus wrote:
             | Aren't photos and radio waves basically the same thing?
             | 
             | I guess the only issue that could happen is the scattering
             | due to atmosphere, but as others have noted it's barely
             | existent.
        
             | perihelions wrote:
             | The laser experiment in the OP terminated at a ground-based
             | optical telescope in California.
             | 
             | If you wanted a solution robust against clouds, I don't
             | know if it'd make more sense to have a optical->radio relay
             | satellite in earth orbit, or to have a redundant network of
             | ground-based optical receivers in multiple places.
             | 
             | (There's a quirk of physics that transmitting and receiving
             | aren't symmetric in these setups. All of the atmospheric
             | distortion happens in the few kilometers of atmosphere, out
             | of tens of millions of km path lengths. Because the angular
             | distortion happens at the start of their optical paths,
             | laser signals going from Earth-outwards will have much
             | larger absolute distortions, than signals being received on
             | Earth from space).
        
           | tres wrote:
           | Relevant quote: "Never underestimate the bandwidth of a
           | station wagon full of tapes hurtling down the highway." --
           | Andrew S. Tanenbaum
        
           | mewpmewp2 wrote:
           | How is he mixing up concepts there? Due to light speed
           | bottleneck you would literally always have at least 3 minute
           | delay unless you break the physics, in some way. So the ping
           | would always be at least 6 minutes. 3 minutes is quite a
           | significant delay for any sort of comms. Video or otherwise.
           | 
           | If anyone is mixing up concepts, it seems to be the article
           | author to me, mixing up speed width bandwidth.
        
         | farmdve wrote:
         | It will. It always will, no technology on Earth now or likely
         | in the future allow this to change. The only thing that will
         | change is bandwidth or how much data can be sent at once.
        
           | thfuran wrote:
           | Yes, and that changes how long you have to wait for a fixed
           | amount of data to arrive, especially when transmission
           | windows are narrow and sufficiently low bandwidth would mean
           | having to waste time waiting between several.
        
             | mewpmewp2 wrote:
             | But the delay will always be significant either way.
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | In time we might find ways to glitch the simulation.
        
         | IIAOPSW wrote:
         | Yeah, but the throughput will be incredible.
        
       | rmbyrro wrote:
       | For a moment I deluded myself that this was SETI news, but was
       | skeptical due to the proximity. It's so terrifying that no one's
       | out there after billions of years and billions of star systems in
       | the galaxy only.
        
         | sigmoid10 wrote:
         | Well, the headline is probably intentionally slightly
         | misleading in that way. But it'll only fish certain people,
         | because 10 million miles will only sound far if you know
         | nothing about space.
        
         | sven_8127642 wrote:
         | There's certainly intelligent life out there. It definitely is
         | horrifying that in the current age there's been no contact
         | with, as you mentioned, billions of years of time spanned
         | across the galaxy and billions of systems out there.
         | 
         | You also have to think that we're occupying such a small
         | portion of our species existence. There's hundreds of thousands
         | of years of human history we just have zero record of. During
         | that course of time, we have no way of knowing if there WERE
         | attempts of advanced life to contact our planet/species, only
         | for them to find (presumed) low intelligence or no means of
         | advanced communications.
         | 
         | Maybe we'll be fortunate enough to experience whispers of proof
         | in our lifetimes, but I imagine it'll be in the next few
         | thousands of years if we can manage to remain relevant
         | technology wise before CC cooks us.
        
           | nyokodo wrote:
           | > There's certainly intelligent life out there... > Maybe
           | we'll be fortunate enough to experience whispers of proof in
           | our lifetimes
           | 
           | Certainty without evidence is faith. There's nothing wrong
           | with that exactly, I just like to point it out for the crowd,
           | that may not include you, who judge other faiths for the same
           | unavoidable human behavior that they blatantly and
           | hypocritically indulge in.
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | Why is that terrifying?
        
           | CooCooCaCha wrote:
           | Loneliness is creepy, it begs the question of why we can't
           | find anyone else out there and the answer to that question
           | leads to existential dread and fear.
           | 
           | Why does life seem so rare? Especially since we've been able
           | to find so many planets that seem habitable.
           | 
           | Is it hard to jumpstart life? Or have there been many planets
           | with intelligent life and almost all of them die out for some
           | reason? Maybe technology is far more limited than our
           | imaginations would like to believe and we don't hear from
           | anyone else because it's impossible.
           | 
           | Lots of thoughts here that don't sit well with most people.
        
         | mewpmewp2 wrote:
         | Not sure if I deluded myself, but the title did seem
         | intentionally worded for this reason so I definitely cringed.
        
       | nullhole wrote:
       | Should have a (2023) on this, I think.
       | 
       | The article says "An earlier version of this article was
       | published in November 2023."
        
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       (page generated 2024-03-17 23:02 UTC)