[HN Gopher] Cloudflare loses 22% of its domains in Freenom .tk s...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Cloudflare loses 22% of its domains in Freenom .tk shutdown
        
       Author : speckx
       Score  : 255 points
       Date   : 2024-03-16 12:24 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.netcraft.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.netcraft.com)
        
       | thangngoc89 wrote:
       | Unrelated to the article but seeing .tk brings back many
       | memories. As a kid without a bank account let's alone an
       | international credit card (VISA/Mastercard), dot.tk is the only
       | way to put a website online with your name. I created countless
       | of websites with .tk for classmates, school and families.
        
         | captn3m0 wrote:
         | I used .co.nr alongside .tk for a while, before moving to
         | .co.cc, and then finally managing a way to buy my domain.
        
           | giancarlostoro wrote:
           | I think I had co.nr too! I just dont remember if it was like
           | .tk or if it was one of those webhosts.
        
           | jszymborski wrote:
           | I definitely had a .co.nr domain before a .tk. I think I also
           | remember (I was likely 13, so its been a while) that they had
           | an "English" test question on the sign up form that read
           | something like "A Britney Spears is a:" and one of the
           | options was "Hamburger".
           | 
           | Looking back this could have been to slow robots down, but I
           | distinctly remember one if the terms being you speak and host
           | English content.
           | 
           | Another service I used a lot was " dominosfree" which had a
           | bunch of _.gs domains that looked like CC-tlds. I used_.ca.gs
           | a lot.
        
           | tamimio wrote:
           | Ah, co.cc, the tld that was full of php reverse shells!
        
           | creatonez wrote:
           | .co.nr was strange because it put your page inside of an
           | iframe and required advertisement of the service.
        
         | 101008 wrote:
         | Same here. .tk was the only one back then that allowed you to
         | have your own domain name without subdomains. My memory is
         | that:
         | 
         | 1. freeserver.com/~userna <- This was the first URl you could
         | have, sometimes with something inside another directory
         | (freeserver.com/users/u/~usernam).
         | 
         | 2. username.freeserver.com <- This wasn't that bad but it
         | didn't look professional. Tripod used to do this.
         | 
         | 3. username.fs.com <-- A service with a short domain that
         | provided free subdomains. This was similar to 2 but shorter.
         | Some of them allowed you to chose the domian part.
         | 
         | 4. username.tk <-- Among all the free options, this was the
         | best one by far.
         | 
         | Then we grew up a bit and started paying domains :')
        
           | giancarlostoro wrote:
           | Im trying to remember I think it was 8m.com or something like
           | that? Which also let you have stuff like username.8m.com its
           | probably gone now.
           | 
           | I also miss tripod, not sure if its still around how it used
           | to be. Angelfire comes to mind too.
        
             | moltar wrote:
             | Oh ya. I had my first website on 8m.com still available in
             | the archives!! Best days!
        
             | davchana wrote:
             | Those sites are still up, the control panel is at
             | freeservers.com my Site davinder.8m.net is still up after
             | 22 years. I chose .net because it was cooler than .com :)
        
             | ljm wrote:
             | I remember 20m in the UK, which did basic hosting.
             | 
             | Good times.
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | The problem with .tk was that it would inject ads into your
           | content. And the whole TLD was filled with low quality spam
           | and hacks. I never liked it.
           | 
           | $7/yr for a domain was one of the very first internet
           | purchases I made. Then that set me down a path of finding
           | free dynamic DNS services. For a short time my website and
           | Invision forum were only online when I was, but I felt like
           | I'd beaten the advertisers.
        
             | thangngoc89 wrote:
             | I remember there was scripts that remove the ads .tk
             | injected
        
             | jesprenj wrote:
             | I don't remember this. I started using TK domains as a kid
             | in 2017 and you set your own nameserver records and they
             | didn't serve ads.
        
               | reidrac wrote:
               | When I used .tk briefly in 98-99 it was using iframes and
               | they injected ads and/or opened pop-ups IIRC.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | This was in the 90's and 00's.
               | 
               | .tk was the only top level domain you could get without
               | having to give them payment details or personal
               | information.
               | 
               | It was a huge deal at the time for kids, students, and
               | spammers.
               | 
               | They made their money by injecting scripts onto your
               | pages to display banner ads.
        
               | Unfrozen0688 wrote:
               | >kid >2017
               | 
               | fucking hell
        
               | umbra07 wrote:
               | I know right! I feel so young.
               | 
               | there are people on this site that were born in the
               | previous millennium! :O
        
               | Tijdreiziger wrote:
               | How do you do, fellow kids?
               | 
               | (reference: https://cdn.vox-
               | cdn.com/thumbor/mO8UICqmeSd97l09w_FgSP1TDPQ=...)
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | oof. We didn't even have the Internet, nevermind Google.
               | Kids these days will never even know what it was like pre
               | ChatGPT. programming and even just computers alone was
               | _hard_ back in the day.
        
           | broast wrote:
           | I remember one around the year 2000 that gave you
           | yourname.com for free but it would host your site in a
           | frameset with a bottom frame serving banner ads. IIRC it was
           | called NameZero, but I don't think it lasted long.
        
             | Kye wrote:
             | That was definitely NameZero. Their problem was they had no
             | way to control what you ran inside your frame, so everyone
             | ran a well-distributed code snippet that removed the ad
             | frame.
        
               | pests wrote:
               | Similar to Angelfire, which only inserted ads into the
               | top of .html files, so you just built your entire site as
               | .txt files and rely on the browsers "be lenient in what
               | you accept" to render it as HTML.
        
           | Semaphor wrote:
           | de.vu was popular in Germany for subdomains, I had a few of
           | those. Also a .tk one later.
        
             | V__ wrote:
             | Yeah, also .de.tf. I just looked it up and my old site is
             | on the wayback machine. So many memories.
        
             | tarsinge wrote:
             | In France .fr.st was a popular free option
        
               | Biganon wrote:
               | Yup, and .fr.fm too
        
             | hnbad wrote:
             | de.vu always rubbed me the wrong way because it kinda
             | looked/sounded like DVU, a far-right political party that
             | eventually merged with the neo-nazi NPD (which, fun fact,
             | recently rebranded itself as _Die Heimat_ - Homeland). To
             | be fair, the party didn 't have much political relevance
             | for most of its history but it did manage to win seats in
             | some state ( _Land_ ) parliaments in 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004
             | and 2007 so it did come up in the news around the time
             | those domains were most popular.
             | 
             | On the other hand, .tk was in my mind mostly associated
             | with German hobbyists and piracy. I think my old
             | StarCraft/CounterStrike clan had a .tk domain at one point.
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | Never got the DVU connection, my AoE1/2 clan had .de.vu
               | before we got a .de, I also know several other people in
               | my class who had one.
               | 
               | On the other hand .tk is more something I remember in
               | connection with spam and scam :D
        
           | Bluecobra wrote:
           | I recall using *.8k.com because that was one of the shortest
           | free *.com options around.
        
           | davchana wrote:
           | My site davinder.8m.net is still up after 22 years. Only 2
           | years ago I managed to find its password.
        
           | jonathantf2 wrote:
           | I remember putting up Minecraft servers under .uk.to, also
           | co.cc
        
         | syuil wrote:
         | Oh man, this brings back memories from high school!
         | 
         | .tk was a blessing for us.
        
         | lnxg33k1 wrote:
         | In italy we had 3000.it
         | 
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20010331143129/http://www.kliman...
         | 
         | SPOILER: I didn't become a webdesigner
        
           | UnlockedSecrets wrote:
           | But did you become a webmaster?
        
             | lnxg33k1 wrote:
             | Yep webhighmaster :D im a software developer now
        
               | zer00eyz wrote:
               | LOL!
               | 
               | On a good day sure, most days I would settle on me being
               | a house elf, or dozer...
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | Dobby! :D
        
           | rightbyte wrote:
           | "Copyright (c) by klimato (r) All Right Reserved"
           | 
           | Heh. I remember thinking '(c)' and '(r)' being cool letters.
           | I put it on every page since it looked pro. I guess you
           | didn't actually register the "brand"?
        
             | lnxg33k1 wrote:
             | Naaah i changed dozens of nicknames since then :D
        
         | cqqxo4zV46cp wrote:
         | God. I'd forgotten all about .tk until reading this comment.
         | What an amazing time.
        
         | tamimio wrote:
         | I remember flexing on my friends that the google site I had got
         | a proper name with .tk!
        
         | xeromal wrote:
         | I remember in the early 90s telling Mom that I built my own
         | website. Mom was like noway that's impossible. I can't remember
         | exactly where it was but it was like zoogatyler1.go.com or
         | something. I think it was owned by Disney? I must have been
         | around 7 or 8 but I remember being so excited. I think it was
         | more of a homepage than anything. I started delving into those
         | .tk sites when I was around 11 or 12 probably.
        
           | stef25 wrote:
           | I launched one on a compuserve domain (I think) around the
           | same time. Built it with FrontPage Express that came for free
           | on a cd with a magazine my dad bought. Day after I launched
           | it I had like 20 emails from random people with questions &
           | comments about the site, crazy. Build it and they will come
           | was def a thing.
           | 
           | Later on in the UK I put a site on a madasafish domain.
        
         | atum47 wrote:
         | I used to host my websites wherever and then having a redirect
         | to it. Two I remember was pagina.de/dr.enima (roughly
         | translates to site of dr.enigma, my nickname back then) and
         | i.am/supermatrix - a website dedicated to the movie the matrix
         | which I love.
         | 
         | I think both of those pages were hosted in geocities and had
         | pretty long urls...
        
           | atum47 wrote:
           | If i recall correctly, i use frames with size 0 on the top
           | and 100% on the bottom, making that annoying banner invisible
        
         | wnevets wrote:
         | I remember switching to cjb.net because you could get free
         | wildcard email accounts for your domain.
        
           | a1o wrote:
           | Now that is a name I haven't heard in a long time. I had a
           | Dragon Ball Z website using that domain, feels so long ago.
        
           | p3rls wrote:
           | It's interesting seeing it parallels the problems with .tks
           | today-- I remember using cjb.net to make my own LOVE@AOL
           | websites and phish AOL users telling them that a crush liked
           | their account. Easiest money a 12 year old ever made.
        
         | xyst wrote:
         | same - I remember hosting a small web server from a crappy pc
         | at my parents house and using a .tk to serve the site.
         | 
         | Probably not the smartest thing to do at the time since I may
         | have opened up all ports on the router to get it to work, lol.
         | No https. No security. No moderation. Copy and pasted some html
         | from a site that I thought was cool, search and replaced text
         | to make it my own.
         | 
         | It was kind of like a microblog before twitter, fb, ig,
         | blogspot, tumblr.
        
         | accrual wrote:
         | My favorite was .uni.cc, I had a couple of those free domains
         | back in the day.
        
       | chomp wrote:
       | Thank god, .tk caused so many headaches for us, truly a cesspit
       | of a tld. The rate of fraud and abuse on our platform was
       | staggeringly high from it, it was close 99%.
        
         | jackblemming wrote:
         | You think that fraud is just going to go away because .tk is
         | gone?
        
           | jamespo wrote:
           | probably not, but very little of value has been lost
        
             | dlachausse wrote:
             | I would disagree, I remember as a kid in the late 90s being
             | able to host a website on one of the free hosting providers
             | and then pairing it with a free domain name just made the
             | whole thing that much more special. $10 or so a year for a
             | paid domain name isn't a ton of money, but it can be for a
             | kid with no credit cards and parents that aren't convinced
             | as to why you "need" a domain name.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The problem is that "free for kids" is also "free for
               | scammers" and it's hard to square that circle.
        
               | kdmccormick wrote:
               | Would be really cool if public schools provided a free
               | domain and basic hosting for any interested middle/high
               | school student.
        
               | cube00 wrote:
               | Good luck considering we can't even pay teachers
               | properly.
        
               | kdmccormick wrote:
               | Cost would be negligible compared to a teacher's salary.
               | 
               | (1 teacher / 20 students) * ($50k / teacher-yr) = $2500
               | per student per year to fund teacher salary.
               | 
               | Compare that to $40/yr domain+hosting, which maybe 10% of
               | students will use. $4/student-yr will not be the diffence
               | between paying teachers probably or not.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | That budget only works if you don't care about content
               | moderation or abuse management at all - or did you expect
               | teachers to just do that on the side?
        
               | where-group-by wrote:
               | I don't think that would be a good idea. It would
               | introduce an admin burden on the schools related to
               | moderating/monitoring the sites. And they would more than
               | likely overstep in one way or another, when enforcing
               | their rules.
        
               | kdmccormick wrote:
               | I was thinking state-administered. Public school
               | enrollment would just be the precondition to access the
               | program.
               | 
               | But sure, yeah, there'd be some admin time spent managing
               | it. As with anything, there are plenty of reasons not to
               | do it. It struck me as a low cost-to-impact ratio thing
               | that could get kids into tech, but reasonable minds could
               | disagree.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The only way it would work is if it was literally handled
               | by the government, and the associated 1st amendment rules
               | applied (so it wouldn't be moderated unless it was
               | actually shut down by a court case).
               | 
               | It would result in rampant wildness and people
               | complaining, but if you didn't do it that way the burden
               | would be too high.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Another way of looking at this is that scammers can
               | probably afford to spend $5-10 on a TLD since it's just a
               | cost of doing "business" to them, but many kids can't.
               | 
               | I was very happy about free TLDs back in the day as a
               | teenager, since I could just try things out before having
               | to convince my parents to let me use their credit card to
               | register a proper domain name.
        
               | Caligatio wrote:
               | It's infinitely easier to spend $0 vs $0.01 if you're
               | trying to be anonymous online. The criminals can
               | certainly afford it but that also almost certainly means
               | interacting with financial systems that leave a paper
               | trail.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | I doubt that that's any kind of obstacle to criminals.
               | 
               | At a quick glance, many registrars and hosters seem to
               | accept crypto, and anyone can buy prepaid Visa and
               | Mastercard cards anonymously for cash for the ones that
               | don't.
        
               | knodi wrote:
               | we're not in the 90s anymore. Many free subdomains
               | options such as gitpages or full on free app (heroku)
               | exists now.
        
         | eszed wrote:
         | It would follow that Cloudflare is tacitly admitting they have
         | been / are hosting a large number of domains used for fraud and
         | abuse. That surprises me, given the time and effort they spend
         | mitigating fraud and abuse. Anyone care to explain what I'm
         | missing?
        
           | Alifatisk wrote:
           | Shouldn't be a surprise, there is a tight relationship
           | between Cloudflare and the booter community. I remember every
           | booter site or similar was always behind Cloudflare, I think
           | it was a common practice because it didn't seem like
           | Cloudflare cared about these abusive sites.
        
           | KomoD wrote:
           | > That surprises me, given the time and effort they spend
           | mitigating fraud and abuse
           | 
           | What time? What mitigations?
           | 
           | Cloudflare will proxy anything and then tell you "we're just
           | a proxy, so we wont do anything lol" when you report anything
           | other than cf pages. Doesn't matter if it's terror groups,
           | animal torture, piracy, doxing, far right groups, etc.
           | 
           | I have personally submitted abuse reports and seen that
           | absolutely nothing happens.
           | 
           | Oh and also the amount of abuse I see from people using
           | Cloudflare Warp is also very high.
        
             | eszed wrote:
             | I was thinking particularly about the DDoS protections they
             | advertise (and explain in lovely technical posts on this
             | site). So you're saying that they protect their network
             | from others, whilst disregarding harms their clients cause
             | to others. That was something I was missing, so I thank
             | you.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Before cloudflare, it was difficult to run a DDoS-for-
               | hire service because competing services would all DDoS
               | each others' websites. Back when CDNs were all "call for
               | pricing" affairs.
               | 
               | Cloudflare had the insight that the more DDoS-for-hire
               | services there were out there, the greater the demand for
               | their services. Offering free DDoS protection to DDoS-
               | for-hire services helps keep customers coming back for
               | more.
        
               | derefr wrote:
               | > Before cloudflare, it was difficult to run a DDoS-for-
               | hire service because competing services would all DDoS
               | each others' websites.
               | 
               | I mean, you don't need websites to advertise. Most DDoS-
               | for-hire services back before 2009 advertised on IRC,
               | NNTP, via ads in .NFO files found in warez releases found
               | on Kazaa and BitTorrent, and so forth. (Some of the very
               | tech-headed ones ones had Freenet sites.)
        
             | gadders wrote:
             | They've definitely refused to help far right sites and
             | sites like Kiwi Farms.
        
               | KomoD wrote:
               | Yeah, because of the pressure after it all blew up. They
               | even said in their own blog post that it was an
               | "extraordinary" decision and did not believe terminating
               | them was appropriate.
               | 
               | Kiwi Farms used their services for at least 6 years
               | before anything happened.
        
               | chx wrote:
               | And all that pressure was for naught because it's still
               | available right on the clearweb :'(
        
               | lapsed_pacifist wrote:
               | This is a good thing. Turn that :'( into a :)
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Is it? Currently giving 502 Bad Gateway. Seems like
               | they're having hosting troubles.
        
               | KomoD wrote:
               | Yes, outage right now.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | > the amount of abuse I see from people using Cloudflare
             | Warp is also very high.
             | 
             | More so than from "traditional" VPNs (i.e. the ones
             | claiming to keep "no logs and never selling your data")?
             | 
             | That's quite surprising, since Cloudflare makes no such
             | promises and markets Warp as a security/performance
             | improvement tool, not an anonymity-providing one. I think
             | at least for a while, Cloudflare-hosted sites would even
             | bypass it entirely and they'd get the real underlying
             | client IP.
        
               | KomoD wrote:
               | > More so than from "traditional" VPNs (i.e. the ones
               | claiming to keep "no logs and never selling your data")?
               | 
               | Yes, because it is a free service, an easy and free way
               | to just hide your ip address. You don't even need an
               | account.
               | 
               | > I think at least for a while, Cloudflare-hosted sites
               | would even bypass it entirely and they'd get the real
               | underlying client IP.
               | 
               | Correct, this used to be the case, but no longer is as
               | far as I can tell. But even with that, it was an issue
               | for non-Cloudflare websites and services that are being
               | attacked that aren't HTTP(S) (e.g. SSH)
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Ah, I haven't been following it closely. Thank you! Just
               | found a blog post on that architectural change:
               | https://blog.cloudflare.com/geoexit-improving-warp-user-
               | expe...
               | 
               | Are they responsive at all to abuse notifications about
               | their VPN users? Presumably the only thing they could
               | even do is to block an upstream IP address, given that it
               | doesn't require an account.
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | Depends on what you're trying to achieve, I think.
             | 
             | Cloudflare's policy is that if there's ToU-violating
             | content being served through a Cloudflare-proxied domain,
             | you can report it to _request de-anonymization of the
             | domain_ , so that you can then reach out to the actual
             | host.
             | 
             | I've reported Cloudflare-proxied phishing-site clones of my
             | company's website to Cloudflare, and they've usually come
             | back to me with a pointer to the upstream-origin's ASN/ISP
             | to reach out to within a few hours.
        
           | beanjuiceII wrote:
           | sell the problem and the solution, good business
        
           | Retr0id wrote:
           | Cloudflare's business model is largely reliant on the
           | internet being filled with abuse.
        
           | johnklos wrote:
           | If you try to find evidence that Cloudflare mitigates fraud
           | and abuse, you'll mostly find anecdotal evidence (sites that
           | have been attacked and moved to Cloudflare, mostly) plus
           | information and claims provided by Cloudflare, which is
           | unverifiable. The problem is that nobody protects us, the
           | Internet, from Cloudflare.
           | 
           | Cloudflare will happily take money from and host (yes, host -
           | they host, in spite of their rather stupid and completely
           | disingenuous assertions that they don't) spammers and
           | scammers. They do all the time, and they have no intention of
           | changing that any time soon.
           | 
           | If you forward phishing spam to abuse@cloudflare.com, guess
           | what? Nothing happens. You get an automated response, but
           | they do nothing about it. They expect you to visit a web page
           | that has all sorts of intentional problems (intentional
           | because they've been pointed out to Cloudflare and Cloudflare
           | hasn't addressed them for years) that make the process
           | arduous and time consuming. For one, they don't have "spam"
           | as an abuse type. For another, even though they now literally
           | host web content, and even though they're a domain registrar,
           | if you don't paste in a URL pointing to a site hosted by
           | their proxying product, then you can't submit your form. This
           | means there's literally no way to complain to Cloudflare
           | about domains for which Cloudflare is in WHOIS and SOA
           | records, and for whom Cloudflare hosts DNS. The fields are
           | limited to some particular size (2,000 characters? I forget
           | exactly), and have issues where if you paste more than a
           | certain amount of content but less than the hard limit, you
           | can't submit the form. If you try to use the form more than
           | once a minute or two, IT'S RATE LIMITED and you can't submit
           | the form. Imagine that - they need to protect themselves from
           | human-speed abuse reporting.
           | 
           | In other words, it's REALLY hard to use their site to report
           | abuse to them, and they know this, and it's intentional,
           | unless we want to believe that they just suck at
           | understanding how to make a web page that works.
           | 
           | If they get enough complaints about a given phishing domain,
           | they eventually take action, but it'd be after several days,
           | which is more than the lifetime of a typical phishing
           | campaign. In essence Cloudflare is one of the most popular
           | phishing and spam-promoted hosting platforms because of
           | Cloudflare's intentional foot dragging and claims to want to
           | "protect free speech".
           | 
           | They got on my shit list years ago when they told me - not
           | kidding - that they couldn't just take down a Bank of America
           | phishing site when it was pointed out to them because of
           | "free speech". In other words, they don't want to set a
           | precedent where they can apply the tiniest modicum of common
           | sense and take down phishing sites which any reasonable human
           | on the planet can unambiguously recognize as fraud.
           | 
           | Bottom line: Cloudflare tells the world that there's SO much
           | bad stuff out there, and you'll get in trouble if you don't
           | use their products, and that's mostly true if you want to run
           | phishing and spam-promoted web sites, so scammers and
           | spammers use Cloudflare and are protected from those of us
           | who would report those spammers and scammers.
           | 
           | For all the companies and individuals who use Cloudflare,
           | many are fooled in to thinking they need Cloudflare when they
           | don't and are just making their sites problematic for much of
           | the non-western world while helping a wanna-be monopoly re-
           | centralize the Internet around a for-profit company that has
           | a history of profiting from scammers and spammers.
           | 
           | If anyone thinks Cloudflare legitimately protects the
           | Internet by mitigating fraud and abuse, I'd be very
           | interested to see evidence that doesn't come from Cloudflare
           | that shows this.
        
             | RyeCombinator wrote:
             | What are some other viable options?
        
               | johnklos wrote:
               | 1) not using DoS / DDoS protection, or using any number
               | of hosting services that have this built in, or using a
               | service that doesn't marginalize large parts of the world
               | in the name of "security". DoS / DDoS attacks are not as
               | common as Cloudflare would want you to believe.
               | 
               | 2) use literally any other registrar / DNS service /
               | hosting platform. You then won't need to worry about
               | whether people all over the world will be getting
               | CAPTCHAs on ever visit because of where they live or what
               | browser they choose to use.
        
               | Tijdreiziger wrote:
               | They don't only offer DDoS protection, but also a WAF
               | (Web Application Firewall), and if you run commodity
               | software, attacks are very common.
               | 
               | I know this because I manage a WordPress site fronted by
               | a different WAF, and I can see in the logs that malicious
               | bots are trying to pwn the site basically 24/7.
               | 
               | (and before you say 'patches' - yes, but defense in depth
               | is a thing, and you don't always have the luxury of
               | vendors with good security practices.)
        
               | johnklos wrote:
               | Yes, Wordpress is attacked incessantly. It's designed to
               | be actively hostile to security, so yes, a firewall that
               | helps ameliorate is a good thing.
               | 
               | However, if you really care about Wordpress security, a
               | WAF is just covering things up, and yes, you need to
               | patch (but that's not really the fix). The proper fix is
               | to reconfigure things to not follow Wordpress' absolutely
               | ridiculous security. While patching depends on vendors,
               | securing Wordpress from its own hubris doesn't depend on
               | vendors.
               | 
               | But even where Cloudflare's products are arguably good,
               | they still do too much in my opinion to marginalize non-
               | mainstream visitors and to re-centralize the Internet
               | around one big company. Every time they have issues, huge
               | parts of the Internet are affected. If I wanted a WAF,
               | I'd get it from elsewhere.
        
           | NicoJuicy wrote:
           | They don't host the domain. Hosting happens somewhere else.
           | 
           | Which is where the crackdown should happen.
        
           | jlarocco wrote:
           | I've heard people bring up that problem before. On one hand
           | they protect sites from DDOS attacks and bad actors, but on
           | the other hand they help keep the bad actors online.
           | 
           | If there's no abuse, nobody will pay their protection money.
        
           | saghm wrote:
           | It seems at least plausible to me that either there would be
           | even more fraud and abuse than there already is without the
           | time and effort to mitigate it, or that maybe their
           | mitigation is not as effective as they'd like. This isn't
           | meant to contradict the other theories being posted here; I
           | don't really have any experience specific to this area, so
           | it's possible I'm just being naive.
        
             | Tijdreiziger wrote:
             | Yeah, I find this whole thread a bit odd. Cloudflare has
             | been a highly regarded service for years, and suddenly
             | people are blaming them of running a protection racket,
             | without providing a single source or piece of evidence (or
             | a presumably more ethical alternative, for that matter)?
             | 
             | As they say, extraordinary claims require extraordinary
             | evidence...
        
         | creatonez wrote:
         | If .tk was such a clear signal for abuse, isn't it a bad thing
         | that signal no longer exists?
         | 
         | I'd rather ICANN finally introduce .free, give a few years to
         | alert everyone, and those developing spam filters can treat it
         | how they want.
        
       | estebarb wrote:
       | Oh, that is why I wasn't able to renew some domains I have used
       | for 10+ years. I'm not even able to upgrade to paid domain.
       | 
       | I don't think it will help reducing malware/scams/phishing. But
       | it will hurt students and young people that want to start in en
       | development and aren't able to pay for a domain.
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | We still have https://nic.eu.org/ and
         | https://freedns.afraid.org/ .
        
           | 8organicbits wrote:
           | There's a couple more options too:
           | https://free.wdh.gg/#/?id=domains
        
         | dazld wrote:
         | For students, a few of the GitHub Education Student Pack
         | partners offer free domains for a year.
         | 
         | https://www.name.com/partner/github-students
         | 
         | https://get.tech/github-student-developer-pack
         | 
         | https://nc.me/
        
       | dlachausse wrote:
       | Another prominent .tk domain is for the Tcl programming language
       | (tcl.tk) and I just checked, that is one of the paid .tk domains
       | that are still up.
        
         | overstay8930 wrote:
         | Why do orgs feel the need to use these whacky TLDs
         | 
         | I'm still of the fence with rust using .rs in important places
         | which is fundamentally in control of the Serbian government.
         | You're going to have to trust the Serbian government with
         | signing .rs DNSSSEC at minimum and I don't.
        
           | dlachausse wrote:
           | In TCL's case it's a fun play on Tcl/Tk, which is how it is
           | often referred to when including its famous GUI toolkit.
        
           | Fnoord wrote:
           | Remnant of a time when the Internet was new and geeks would
           | buy all kind of fun domains with odd TLDs.
        
             | bdcravens wrote:
             | "new"? I don't remember seeing many of the "odd TLDs" for
             | sale until the web had been around 10-15 years.
        
               | Fnoord wrote:
               | Not the TLDs themselves the creative use of them.
               | 
               | I started on the Internet in the (mid) 90s. Back then, it
               | was already common among security conscious folks. A bit
               | later, end 90s, you could buy a shell account for a
               | couple of USD per month. You could run a BNC on it, or
               | IRC client. It had various IPv4 with reverse DNS, this
               | was called vhost. For example, you could end up with
               | I.pwned.the.whole.eu.org and plays where TLD was part of
               | word. Goatse.cx for example reads 'goatsex', Slashdot.org
               | reads 'slashdotdotorg' or
               | 'httpcolonslashslashslashdotdotorg', the founder of first
               | Dutch consumer ISP Xs4all Rop Gonggrijp had gonggri.jp
               | for ages (guess his email address). There are countless
               | of examples.
        
           | rvnx wrote:
           | Because all .com are already taken and available only after
           | you pay ransom money.
        
             | bdcravens wrote:
             | Then use descriptive product names, not cute single words
             | that are being used by 47 other products.
        
           | yau8edq12i wrote:
           | Who do you trust?
        
             | mcfedr wrote:
             | Not a bunch of pro Russia mafia
        
             | overstay8930 wrote:
             | Any of the OG TLD's, I wouldn't tie my domain to anything
             | political at all outside of the US.
             | 
             | You already have to implicitly trust the US government when
             | it comes to anything internet-related as all of the
             | critical infrastructure is, whether you like it or not,
             | American, so you might as well set up shop within US
             | control.
        
           | pmdr wrote:
           | I think .so is an even whackier choice and people are rushing
           | to it. Why notion.com redirects to notion.so is beyond me.
           | Probably couldn't buy it and pay only for a redirect?
        
           | api_or_ipa wrote:
           | To be perfectly fair, the list of DNSSEC cock-ups is
           | staggering. .nz ccTLD was taken down, IIRC, for 4 days after
           | a bad KSK rollover just last year. I've seen prominent
           | registrars with 'automated' DNSSEC fail to upload correct
           | NSEC and RRSIGs. It's not uncommon to see .gov domains go
           | down because of DNSSEC. You'd think all these entities should
           | get it right, but they don't. Probably why many major tech
           | domains such as google.com don't use DNSSEC.
           | 
           | But to your point, using a 'off-brand' can really hurt
           | sometimes. `.af` might be a cute marketing tactic, but it's
           | actually Afghanistan, and the Taliban play by a different
           | rulebook. I believe it was `gay.af` that found that out the
           | hard way. Tons of other stories.
        
         | blacksqr wrote:
         | The TCL maintainers switched their main URL to tcl-lang.org a
         | while back because Freenom was so unreliable, although they've
         | continued to serve tcl.tk as well with crossed fingers.
         | 
         | I really hope Tokelau chooses a reputable registrar going
         | forward, and .tk becomes usable for serious people.
        
         | smrtinsert wrote:
         | Ah nostalgic for tcl.
        
       | toddmorey wrote:
       | I get .tk was popular because it was free and you do need a home
       | for your website that's portable across providers (not like a
       | .netlify.app sub).
       | 
       | But like we learned from .af, any of these TLDs technically meant
       | for a country need to be considered ephemeral. You are sort of
       | borrowing it without explicit (or lasting) permission.
        
         | samtho wrote:
         | > You are sort of borrowing it without explicit (or lasting)
         | permission.
         | 
         | To be fair, this is true of all domains. The broader concern
         | with ccTLDs is this borrowing dynamic layered with whatever
         | geopolitical situation the country is in, how stable the
         | administering authority is with respect to the current regime,
         | or just the political forces at work within the country that
         | may lead to changes or requirements for the ccTLD within the
         | country are registered. There is often a concern of DNS
         | infrastructure and local bandwidth considerations for the data
         | center in which the root nameservers are housed, assuming they
         | are not outsourcing that.
        
           | CydeWeys wrote:
           | It's not true of gTLDs though. You actually own those
           | domains, and they can't be taken away from you (barring
           | extreme circumstances) so long as you pay the registration
           | fees every year. But domains on ccTLDs can be taken away from
           | you by the government at any time for any reason.
        
             | genewitch wrote:
             | I gotta say i find it extremely hard to believe that one
             | can "own" a domain. This sounds like hand-waving. We don't
             | own software, we barely own computers (to do with what we
             | want), we don't own media.
             | 
             | Is this like "one can own land" but really that's
             | asterisked with Eminent Domain (no pun intended)?
        
       | overstay8930 wrote:
       | The people complaining that Cloudflare hosts these criminals
       | would be the first ones complaining that Cloudflare has too much
       | power when taking down websites it doesn't like.
       | 
       | You can't win with these people, I personally think this is the
       | best outcome and shows our systems work (albeit slowly). Sure it
       | took a while, but now there doesn't have to be a precedent of
       | Cloudflare acting as the internet police more than it has to.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | > You can't win with these people
         | 
         | This is the classic fallacy of assuming that because you see
         | comments of type A and comments of type B on the same forum
         | that means they're the same people. They're usually not.
         | 
         | A more accurate way to phrase this is "you can't win with ...
         | people". Whatever you do will end up ticking off some subset of
         | the population.
        
           | mypastself wrote:
           | "These people" is presumably a set of people quick to find
           | fault in anything a corporation does, which could be a
           | superset of those two groups. Not sure what kind of fallacy
           | that's supposed to be.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | Those people are in the noise and nobody cares what they
             | think once they realize they just criticize for the sake of
             | it.
             | 
             | That doesn't change that people seem to think the top
             | upvoted comments being contradictory from day to day
             | represents some kind of inconsistency in the views of the
             | commenters on this site.
        
             | __s wrote:
             | intersection, not superset
        
             | mathgradthrow wrote:
             | Your evidence for the non-emptiness of this set of people
             | is the fallacy above
        
         | explain wrote:
         | Not the same people at all.
        
         | AlienRobot wrote:
         | This seems like such a weird problem to me. If they're
         | criminals, just send the cops? If you can't send the cops, then
         | they aren't criminals?
         | 
         | How do you end up in this limbo where you need critical
         | infrastructure to play judge?
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | The internet is a global system that spans ~all
           | jurisdictions, and most internet criminals live in
           | jurisdictions that don't prosecute internet crimes as long as
           | the bad actors leave citizens of their own country alone.
           | 
           | So they're criminals as far as the US and allies are
           | concerned, but de facto not criminals where they live. If
           | they're going to be locked out of the system, it has to be by
           | the infrastructure, because their government has no interest
           | in stopping them.
        
             | AlienRobot wrote:
             | I see. Perhaps there should be a legal framework to get the
             | government to demand companies like cloudflare stop serving
             | these international criminals, then. That way it wouldn't
             | depend on a private entity making the judgement.
             | 
             | Do you ever think it's weird that we have gone through web
             | 1.0, web 2.0, semantic web, intertubes clogged with spam
             | bots, web 3.0: crypto edition, and the dawn of AI scraping,
             | and we still haven't figured out these issues?
        
               | Caligatio wrote:
               | Which government do you mean when you say "the
               | government"? Any national government? Only the US
               | government? Only governments in which the US is friendly
               | and/or has agreements with?
               | 
               | Would you want authoritarian governments to be able to
               | demand Cloudflare stop serving those they consider
               | criminals that are outside their borders?
               | 
               | International law is messy.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | The rule of thumb is governments where Cloudflare has
               | equipment, personel, or banking.
               | 
               | There is a procedure to get a foreign case recognized in
               | the US, too, but it has to be serious, and it's not an
               | easy process.
        
               | Caligatio wrote:
               | CloudFlare has equipment in 120+ countries, including
               | China: https://www.cloudflare.com/network/
               | 
               | I again ask: is it desirable for any of those countries
               | to be able to unilaterally force a company to enforce its
               | laws regardless of where the individual in question is?
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | If the equipment is in country X, it seems reasonable to
               | enforce the rules of country X. Plenty of companies
               | refuse to operate in specific countries, including China,
               | because they don't want to follow rules of that country.
               | 
               | If CloudFlare chooses to do business in China, that's a
               | choice they're making and it comes with consequences.
               | 
               | Maybe they can offer service where customers will only be
               | served from equipment outside of China, maybe that's not
               | something they choose.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | For starters, Cloudflare is a USA company so it has to do
               | whatever the USA government tells it. See National
               | Security Letters.
               | 
               | They can easily order it to reveal the origin server of a
               | website, or the sign-up IP address of the account, or to
               | stop providing services to one.
        
           | newaccount74 wrote:
           | Cloudflare shields criminals from cops. They do so because of
           | "free speech" or whatever. There was recently a story about a
           | swatting victim, who tried to get the forum the swatters use
           | to shut down. Cloud flare refused to give the identity of the
           | criminals, the case even went to court and the victim lost
           | and now apparently has to pay court costs.
           | 
           | Our legal system is unfortunately not perfect, which is why
           | it matters what infrastructure providers do.
           | 
           | Do they enable criminals by shielding them from the police?
           | Or do they have policies in place that prevent abuse of their
           | service?
           | 
           | With Cloudflare, I'm pretty sure they lean towards the
           | former.
        
             | ehutch79 wrote:
             | I'm reasonably sure cloudflare would comply with any
             | subpoenas / warrants sent their way.
        
               | derefr wrote:
               | Which is a catch-22, because subpoenas / warrants for
               | collection of digital information have to name a specific
               | intended target (a real legal identity under suspicion,
               | not some pseudonym) -- and "the real legal identity of
               | the suspect" is exactly the thing that Cloudflare's
               | proxy-shielding prevents you from learning. Courts won't
               | act until they have some specific individual to act
               | _toward_.
               | 
               | (This is also why, whenever you hear about e.g. police
               | stings on Tor forums, they never mention requesting
               | courts to issue warrants to ISPs for collection of e.g.
               | traffic-analysis-correlation info about locations of
               | servers hosting illegal content. Instead, this de-
               | anonymization step is something they always have to
               | achieve extra-judicially, usually by contracting a
               | private network threat intelligence firm.)
        
             | mcfedr wrote:
             | Obviously with no context but what I hear
             | 
             | Is the website illegal? Or maybe the police need to deal
             | with spam calls more sensibly. Presumably they can trace
             | where the calls are coming from in real life
        
             | internetter wrote:
             | wait, are you mad cloudflare decided _not_ to be an active
             | participant in a doxxing campaign? Swatting is awful but I
             | 'm inclined to side with cloudflare here.
        
               | newaccount74 wrote:
               | I'm mad that they offer anonymity to criminals. If you
               | offer a service that lets people hide their identity, you
               | ought to perform a bit of due diligence.
        
           | hnbad wrote:
           | Are you American? Because that sounds like such an American
           | idea of how the world works.
           | 
           | To answer your question: most malware actors can be traced
           | back to Russia, what exactly do you think "sending the cops"
           | after them will accomplish and if the answer is "nothing",
           | then does that mean you don't think they can be called
           | criminals?
        
             | AlienRobot wrote:
             | It doesn't need to be physical cops. What I mean is that if
             | crimes are being committed, the legal system should
             | initiate a process that either puts them in jail (which as
             | you say may not be possible) or ends up with cloudflare
             | banning and other internet companies blacklisting them.
             | That way, the burden of judging criminality isn't on random
             | companies but on the appropriate authorities.
        
           | stef25 wrote:
           | Who you going to send to an online pharmacy hosted say in
           | Egypt?
        
             | caskstrength wrote:
             | Why do you need to take down Egyptian pharmacy in the first
             | place?
        
               | iopq wrote:
               | Because they send controlled substances to the US and
               | falsely label them as "supplements"
               | 
               | I know, because I bought RX stuff from India and it did
               | not get labelled as medication
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | What criminals are you referring to? The operators of .tk, or
         | their users?
        
           | mobilemidget wrote:
           | There are tons of shady websites hiding behind cloudflare's
           | services. Some used .tk domains too but just in general, many
           | shady websites are hiding behind Cloudflare and at least I
           | know from personal experience if you contact cloud flare
           | about it, they pretend not to be home.
           | 
           | "We do not host the website" was always there response, while
           | that is perhaps technically true, arguing if they shut down
           | the reverse proxying for that website it would be at least
           | offline, never worked.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | Cloudflare is a US company. If they provide hosting (or
             | reverse proxying; I don't think there's a material legal
             | difference) services for anything illegal under US law,
             | shouldn't it be possible to compel them to stop doing that
             | through the legal system?
             | 
             | And if this is about not-illegal-but-objectionable content,
             | I'm actually glad that as an infrastructure company,
             | they're choosing to not get into the business of content
             | moderation.
        
               | internetter wrote:
               | > if this is about not-illegal-but-objectionable content,
               | I'm actually glad that as an infrastructure company,
               | they're choosing to not get into the business of content
               | moderation.
               | 
               | Agreed. There's one other subset you didn't mention:
               | "Clearly illegal but not yet handled in the court of
               | law". Cloudflare again has a pretty hardline stance that
               | "the courts need to come to us and force us to take it
               | down"
        
               | diggan wrote:
               | > Clearly illegal but not yet handled in the court of law
               | 
               | Isn't that somewhat of an oxymoron? What are some
               | examples of something that is against the law but not
               | handled by the courts of law?
        
               | dingnuts wrote:
               | Maybe that commentator lives in a country without common
               | law, so precedent doesn't matter, but in a country like
               | the US a law without precedent is considered "untried"
               | and a lot of the details are worked out when the law is
               | first enforced.
               | 
               | If the legislature doesn't like the court's
               | interpretation, they can then amend the law and the
               | process restarts.
               | 
               | So basically, at least in the US, nothing is clearly
               | illegal until it is handled by a court -- so yes I think
               | you're right
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | If it's clearly illegal, what prevents it from being
               | handled in any court of law? If it's not actually as
               | clear, preemptive/overzealous compliance can lead to all
               | kinds of undesirable (in a liberal democracy) effects.
               | 
               | I also doubt that Cloudflare lets every single analogous
               | issue bubble up to a full court case every single time,
               | but for new/unclear/borderline scenarios, I'm glad that
               | courts don't get to outsource their duty, i.e.
               | determining the legality of actions, to a for-profit
               | organization without public oversight.
        
               | caskstrength wrote:
               | > Cloudflare again has a pretty hardline stance that "the
               | courts need to come to us and force us to take it down"
               | 
               | "Hardline"? To me it seems like quite reasonable approach
               | as opposed to "we will just take down anything someone on
               | Twitter didn't like".
        
               | newaccount74 wrote:
               | It's not reasonable. 99% of scams, frauds and harassment
               | will never be subject of legal action, because there just
               | aren't enough prosecutors out there to charge every fraud
               | attempt.
               | 
               | If you require a court ruling before blocking a fraud, it
               | means you will keep hosting 99% of frauds.
        
               | costco wrote:
               | They can. You can also subpoena them for information on
               | an account, there are literally lawyers with blogs
               | talking about how to do this. The people complaining
               | essentially think that they should have the right to take
               | anything they want down with an abuse report.
        
               | stef25 wrote:
               | A while back there was an interview with someone at
               | Cloudflare and they were asked what about these Al Qaeda
               | sites you guys are in front of, dude just answered "no
               | comment". Seems that at the time they didn't ask many
               | questions at all, like you said cause they don't want to
               | go in to content moderation.
        
         | 0x0000000 wrote:
         | > The people complaining that Cloudflare hosts these criminals
         | would be the first ones complaining that Cloudflare has too
         | much power when taking down websites it doesn't like.
         | 
         | It'd be interesting if you could point to a single example of
         | someone taking both sides. I strongly doubt these are the same
         | people.
        
           | overstay8930 wrote:
           | If you're asking me to personally identify someone, no I'm
           | not going to do that. However if you want to see some
           | hilarious hypocrisy, go ahead and see who said what when
           | Cloudflare banned 8chan.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > You can't win with these people
         | 
         | People who want to live in a just world often get in the way of
         | things. I'm just not sure why you're mad at those who want
         | justice and not those who put profits above all else?
         | 
         | > that Cloudflare hosts these criminals
         | 
         | Oh.. it's not that they host them, it's that they go out of
         | their way to protect them, and the profit streams associated
         | with them.
        
       | thih9 wrote:
       | The article presents this as a loss - but cloudflare has a free
       | tier, do we know if these were paid accounts? If cloudflare
       | weren't going to convert these users then this could be a gain.
        
         | PokestarFan wrote:
         | If the users were using free domains instead of paying for a
         | domain do you think they'd use paid cloudflare? The cost of a
         | domain is so much lower than the cost of Cloudflare.
        
           | thih9 wrote:
           | I don't know and that's why I'm asking. Not paying for a
           | domain is not a reason enough to expect not paying for
           | cloudflare - these are different services. Also note that
           | even not paying for cloudflare is not enough - I asked
           | whether cloudflare intended to convert that segment.
        
           | sltkr wrote:
           | I could at least imagine a scenario along the lines of:
           | penniless college student creates a site at a .tk domain.
           | Later, the student gets a job so he is no longer penniless,
           | and meanwhile, his site actually becomes popular, so he signs
           | up for cloudflare, maybe even registers a .com domain, but
           | keeps the .tk domain alive because that's where most his
           | traffic is coming from.
           | 
           | Not sure how common that is. But I don't think it's a given
           | that all sites hosted on .tk domains are unwilling to pay,
           | especially not if you consider that they must be somewhat
           | popular if they need a CDN.
           | 
           | (The sort of personal homepage that most of us had back in
           | the 90s would never need a CDN because it would get 5 hits
           | per week.)
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Is there any other connection to Cloudflare? I thought maybe they
       | were using the .cf domain for their own stuff or something. ;)
        
       | bastawhiz wrote:
       | > The affected domains represent a big loss for Cloudflare, with
       | .tk, .cf and .gq previously accounting for 23.1% of all domains
       | hosted on its platform - and nearly all of these have now gone.
       | 
       | I'm not sure in what way this is a "loss". I doubt cloudflare is
       | losing money (or revenue) here. Especially if many of these
       | domains are spammy, it seems like this is probably not much of
       | anything for them.
        
         | jacurtis wrote:
         | This was my thought while reading this. Overall I think this is
         | a net-win for CloudFlare. I suspect that exactly 0.00% of the
         | 12.6 million domains they just "lost" were paying customers.
         | Considering the people didn't want to pay for a domain, they
         | probably weren't paying for a CDN either.
         | 
         | I'm sure Cloudflare will be able to wipe away their tears of
         | this loss using the extra dollar bills they have from reducing
         | their bandwidth costs.
        
       | ncruces wrote:
       | I had a free website on .tk
       | 
       | When it because moderately successful, they didn't renew, and
       | then wanted 50EUR/year.
        
       | nicrtt wrote:
       | Ahhh, the memories :)
       | 
       | Understandable, but a loss all the same. I'll never forget how
       | proud I felt as a kid when I first had a URL I could give to
       | people.
        
       | dancemethis wrote:
       | Tangentially, Cloudflare REALLY needs to start supporting
       | transferring .moe domains already.
        
       | znpy wrote:
       | Uh... if anybody has a legitimate .tk domain, how does one keep
       | it alive?
        
         | qingcharles wrote:
         | I used to pay for mine. They were sold through resellers if you
         | wanted to keep it. One advantage of .tk is that they supported
         | emoji domains.
        
       | jacurtis wrote:
       | I'm sure CloudFlare is just reeling from this "loss" of 12.3
       | Million unpaid customers.
       | 
       | I hope the CEO doesn't drink too much tequila tonight during the
       | celebrations
        
       | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
       | My friends and I used cjb.net for our anime website
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-03-16 23:01 UTC)