[HN Gopher] Britain's decade of Art Deco densification
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       Britain's decade of Art Deco densification
        
       Author : bswud
       Score  : 77 points
       Date   : 2024-03-15 10:06 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.worksinprogress.news)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.worksinprogress.news)
        
       | altacc wrote:
       | I used to live in one of these London art-deco apartment blocks
       | and it was a beautiful building, nice grounds, quirky but well
       | laid out apartment. So much nicer than the generic "affordable"
       | apartments built today. But it was also incredibly cold in the
       | winter! No insulation, thin windows that couldn't be replaced as
       | they were listed and the decades old central heating & hot water
       | system kept breaking down. Cheaper to buy but a money pit to
       | maintain.
        
         | tpm wrote:
         | Pretty sure the windows could be replaced with actually
         | insulating ones, but it would be expensive and the landlords
         | prefer not to do that. However having single-glazed windows in
         | the 21st century is simply inexcusable. Experienced the same
         | when I was living in London years ago (not a listed building).
         | The underinvestment into insulating old buildings was
         | staggering when compared with Central Europe.
        
           | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
           | A lot of the housing stock here is very poor quality, run-
           | down and filled with ancient plumbing and electrics, no
           | insulation, single glazed, draughty windows. For some reason
           | British people are extremely attached to old buildings and
           | favour "character" over comfort, warmth, light, efficient
           | storage space, etc.
        
             | jl6 wrote:
             | It's not "character" that Britain is mainly attached to,
             | it's greenbelts.
             | 
             | Difficult to build -> undersupply -> high prices/rents ->
             | low incentive to improve.
        
             | tpm wrote:
             | I'm not sure it's about attachment, although the fact large
             | residential areas of London are somehow 'protected' does
             | not help. I'd guess it's mostly two things:
             | 
             | * Landlords don't care their tennants pay too much for
             | energy because there is no competitive pressure, the
             | apartments will rent regardless. And many homes in London
             | are rented.
             | 
             | * The government does not care. The British society is very
             | classist in my experience and the ruling class does not
             | care the general public is freezing. So even while the UK
             | was in the EU and the EU had various drives to improve
             | energy efficiency of buildings, the UK mostly ignored them.
        
               | jl6 wrote:
               | England has always been run for the benefit of the
               | landowning and homeowning class, in whom the greatest
               | portion of political power, wealth and status are
               | concentrated. This has been the case for at least 1000
               | years.
               | 
               | This is not a "1%" thing; about half of all UK adults
               | live in a home they own. For homeowners, the current
               | setup is pretty sweet. And for a while, the number of
               | homeowners was increasing, hitting an all-time high in
               | 2003 - making it not _too_ undemocratic that the country
               | should be run for their benefit. But now with that figure
               | reducing, mainly at the expense of younger people, it 's
               | not surprising that discontent is on the rise
               | (particularly online, where the youngest are the most
               | visible).
        
               | cameronh90 wrote:
               | Lots of people really do prefer the old awful buildings.
               | 
               | There was a story just a couple of days ago [0] where
               | residents are protesting having their windows upgraded,
               | despite their existing windows being cold, draughty,
               | rusty, and mouldy. One man felt so strongly about it that
               | he said he'd electrocute anyone who tried to change his
               | windows.
               | 
               | They're concerned new slightly thicker window frames
               | might destroy the character of their 60s water-stained
               | concrete brutalist eyesore.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.kentonline.co.uk/thanet/news/yes-it-s-
               | cold-but-y...
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | There's nutters everywhere, to be fair.
        
               | seabass-labrax wrote:
               | > They're concerned new slightly thicker window frames
               | might destroy the character of their 60s water-stained
               | concrete brutalist eyesore.
               | 
               | As a huge fan of both brutalist architecture and so-
               | called 'tilt and turn' windows, I had already braced
               | myself for feeling conflicted about this when I clicked
               | through. But no, there's nothing particularly distinctive
               | about the windows that would be lost in a renovation.
               | Here's a high-resolution picture for those who want to
               | see for themselves:
               | 
               | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Arlin
               | gto...
               | 
               | Notice that only a few of the sliding windows are even
               | open on what appears to be a very pleasant day, so
               | sliding-vs-tilting doesn't seem relevant. I don't think
               | the extra centimetre of window frame is going to be
               | visible from the seaside anyway!
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | For listed buildings, you've got to get permission from the
           | council. For most buildings they'll let you put in double-
           | glazed windows _if you can get them in a style that matches
           | the existing windows_.
           | 
           | One of the iconic features of many Art Deco buildings is
           | curved windows [1], and the flat windows having very skinny
           | frames. That means nonstandard "heritage" windows, which can
           | be several times the price of normal, mass-produced windows.
           | 
           | Blocks of flats have the additional problem that it's
           | unlikely every owner will have the cash to replace their
           | windows at the same time. So it's tough to save money by
           | getting them all done at once.
           | 
           | [1] https://maps.app.goo.gl/uWUr5YyvJvRDPkH27
        
             | gpderetta wrote:
             | Blocks are typically leaseholds, so if the freeholder
             | decides to replace the windows, the leaseholders often have
             | little ability to object.
             | 
             | Of course often the freeholder has no interest in improving
             | the building other than the minimal maintenance.
        
             | tpm wrote:
             | > For listed buildings, you've got to get permission
             | 
             | Sure - it's the same in our country, with the additional
             | trouble that there is a special institution that has to
             | approve any changes in protected buildings and they are
             | pretty harsh. And even then lots of them get updated.
             | 
             | > Blocks of flats have the additional problem that it's
             | unlikely every owner will have the cash to replace their
             | windows at the same time.
             | 
             | We have that too and what usually happens with changes that
             | apply to the whole building (like the whole facade) is that
             | the community of the owners finances changes like that with
             | a credit on the whole building, there are special laws for
             | that. Happens less often with just the windows because they
             | are so cheap most people can afford them on their own.
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | There's an entirely short term outlook that's caused by the
           | "housing ladder" IMO. If you spend any time on reddit, you'll
           | see people asking "Why would I want to spend PS10,000
           | insulating my home if the payback period isn't 4-5 years?"
           | Instead of thinking about comfort and maintaining a building,
           | they're thinking about ensuring that they maximise the value
           | of their current property so that they can sell and upgrade
           | to a bigger one.
           | 
           | I live in an old stone building in Scotland - the previous
           | owners installed a kitchen in 2019, and at that time they
           | replaced the flooring. They _could_ have insulated under the
           | floor, and done internal wall insulation but that would have
           | added a few hundred pounds onto their renovation job, and
           | they didn't care, they were content with the asthetic upgrade
           | of the room.
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | I lived in a 1930s art-deco apartment building in London, and
         | it was the nicest place I lived in England.
         | 
         | At some point all the windows had been replaced with UPVC
         | double glazed ones. The heating system had some redundancy, so
         | when they closed half of it off to replace it we just had a day
         | or two where they asked us to limit hot water use. (I don't
         | remember but I assume this was done during the summer.)
        
       | throwawayyy9237 wrote:
       | I lived in one the buidings mentioned in this article.
       | 
       | Pros: It was the most spacious flat I've lived on. I'm not
       | talking about area, but the layout itself, it was amazingly well
       | architected. Massive windows too, great lighting (but see cons).
       | 
       | Cons: Single glaze windows (and a protected facade) meant eye-
       | watering energy bills. Poor quality subfloor (with carpet) meant
       | 24/7 creaking when walking over it.
        
         | peterpost2 wrote:
         | I live in a similarly protected flat in Scotland and in the
         | last decade there has been quite some development with double
         | glazing for historic buildings. Quite a bit more expensive than
         | normal double glazing though but at least you can get quite
         | decent windows for historic buildings.
        
           | physhster wrote:
           | energy efficiency > historical preservation
        
             | twelvechairs wrote:
             | Good places to live > a little cost in retrofitting
        
           | mattlondon wrote:
           | Also secondary glazing is a thing and is not awful, even if
           | not as good as "proper" double glazing.
           | 
           | Lots of heat is lost through solid walls though (and ceilings
           | and floors) it is not just windows.
        
           | creativenolo wrote:
           | An interest free loans from the Scottish government to buy
           | them (repayable over 12 years)
        
       | tetris11 wrote:
       | Oh wow, I now suddenly understand why Welwyn Garden City is named
       | so. I'm not sure how much of a success it is, given how small the
       | town actually is, but maybe that was the plan all along.
        
       | mrwh wrote:
       | Takes me back! I always wanted to live in a 30s mansion block
       | when I lived in London, and did once look around a flat in the
       | building pictured in Belsize park, the one which recalls the sort
       | of ocean liner a Wodehouse character would use to travel to New
       | York. And it was beautiful and the rent not too dear. (This was
       | around 2010.) And it also smelled strongly of mildew.
        
       | leoedin wrote:
       | This is an excellent article. The mention of the Croydon "SPD2"
       | planning document was really interesting too - I hadn't heard
       | about it. It's exactly what we need in cities if we want to truly
       | increase density and reduce house prices.
       | 
       | There's an interesting summary here -
       | https://www.platformspace.net/home/what-are-suburbs-for-pavi....
       | What's particularly interesting is how successful it was -
       | Croydon seems to have had 4x the number of "homes in small (<10)
       | developments" in the 4 years after it was brought in.
       | https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d01a7efbf4ae5...
       | That's an incredibly good result!
       | 
       | What's unfortunate is the backlash - it seems that there was a
       | lot of outcry over "greedy developers", and the result was the
       | election of a new mayor who cancelled it.
       | 
       | It seems obvious to me that the only real way to achieve the
       | needed housing growth in the places people want to live is to
       | allow suburban and urban densification. Most English cities are
       | shockingly low density - it's crazy that relatively unloved 3
       | bedroom terraces sit in the shadow of 50 floor apartments.
       | 
       | The current status quo is that a lot of these terraced houses are
       | converted into low quality flats. The density of people is often
       | still there, but they live in terrible accommodation. Building
       | houses in cities should not be a controversial thing to do. Even
       | if it means knocking down a few which aren't suitable any more.
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | I thought Art Deco was distinctly American architectural/art
       | contribution to the world. Way better than the modern utilitarian
       | glass boxes, or the Brutalisim of the Communists. Wish it would
       | have stayed popular longer. Art Deco inspired cars are some the
       | coolest looking things on this planet.
        
         | brcmthrowaway wrote:
         | The Golden Gate Bridge
        
         | Lance_ET_Compte wrote:
         | The coolest fonts and light fixtures for sure!
        
         | azmodeus wrote:
         | I have always associated art deco with France and Italy
         | primarily but I guess differences in background changes our
         | perspective
        
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