[HN Gopher] The NYPD sent a warrantless subpoena for a copwatche...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The NYPD sent a warrantless subpoena for a copwatcher's Twitter
       account
        
       Author : praisewhitey
       Score  : 275 points
       Date   : 2024-03-12 17:00 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (hellgatenyc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (hellgatenyc.com)
        
       | nfriedly wrote:
       | > _The notification included a copy of the subpoena, which warned
       | X not to tell Clancy of its existence. "You are not to disclose
       | or notify any customer or third party of the existence of this
       | subpoena or that records were provided pursuant to this
       | subpoena," the document read._
       | 
       | > _But X, following its own corporate policy, told Clancy anyway,
       | and suggested he might want to get some legal representation to
       | fight the subpoena, recommending the American Civil Liberties
       | Union._
       | 
       | That's actually the first decent thing I've heard about x since
       | the rename. Good job!
       | 
       | (I assume there won't be any penalties for this action given that
       | it was warrantless in the first place.)
        
         | kevingadd wrote:
         | I can imagine some companies being afraid of pissing off the
         | NYPD. If you have a presence in new york, a police department
         | has lots of tools at their disposal to make your life miserable
         | even if you haven't violated the law
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | It only works if _all_ of the platforms you use do this.
         | 
         | > As my lawyer put it: "Sounds like you could have a first
         | amendment right to quash the subpoena". Cool, let's go.
         | 
         | > Surprisingly, it worked! I think it cost around $7,000 but
         | the subpoena was quashed
         | 
         | > [While] Google was nice enough to let me know there was a
         | subpoena for my account data but guess what? Nobody else even
         | bothered to tell me. And by nobody else I mean: Paypal, eBay, 3
         | domain registrars, merch makers, VPN providers, and every other
         | online service I had used with that email in the last five
         | years. They had all been subpoenaed and happily handed it over
         | without even letting me know and it works that way even to this
         | day.
         | 
         | https://anons.ca/p/i-used-to-operate-a-dss-hacking-network/
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _It only works if all of the platforms you use do this_
           | 
           | Why?
           | 
           | It obviously works _better_ if more people do this. But the
           | single notice is still working to some degree.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Depends on your threat model & consequences. Avoiding
             | doxxing means you need more bulletproofing.
             | 
             | For OP, Twitter might have been the holy grail and they're
             | now cool, but maybe not if there's $x others that have
             | already rolled over.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Twitter might have been the holy grail and they're now
               | cool, but maybe not if there's $x others that have
               | already rolled over._
               | 
               | This is totally different from "it only works if all of
               | the platforms you use do this." That's a collective
               | action problem. One which does not present itself in this
               | case, where marginal actions produce marginal benefits.
               | 
               | What you're now saying is the marginal actions (and thus
               | benefits) may be bounded. Which, sure. But that _also_
               | doesn 't change if all the platforms "do this," but
               | boundedly.
        
           | caseysoftware wrote:
           | No, it doesn't take coordinated effort.
           | 
           | If one company stands up and says "no" and then discloses to
           | the subject, it both raises the risk of exposure on other
           | government entities considering the same and increases the
           | likelihood of another company opposing it next time.
           | 
           | Both are wins to build upon.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | I'm very happy to hear X did the right thing by its users and
         | by the law. One can only hope we have more Orgs like and Qwest
         | (the latter one was taken down but the d gov in retribution).
         | 
         | Congress needs to let the patriot act lapse. We're not in an
         | emergency anymore, despite the rhetoric -it's been over 20
         | years!
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | I agree. I assume that twitter doesn't do that for every
         | subpoena they get. For some situations notifying a user that
         | they are under investigation by police would be disastrous.
         | That means they're likely carefully evaluating the legal
         | requests they get instead of leaving the process largely
         | automated or rubber stamping everything that comes though. The
         | willingness to accept possible repercussions by informing users
         | in some cases is really admirable.
        
       | pfdietz wrote:
       | If he wanted, he could continue to press this in court, even
       | after its was withdrawn. There is precedent in at least some
       | jurisdictions for this: otherwise, bad actors could keep avoiding
       | judicial scrutiny just like the NYPD is doing here.
        
         | busterarm wrote:
         | Lawyers don't do this though because the best thing to do for
         | their client is get the NYPD to withdraw, not fight a lengthy
         | and expensive legal battle over the NYPD's subpoena power.
         | 
         | The NYPD would legally fight to retain this power to the bitter
         | end.
        
           | bena wrote:
           | Not to mention lawyers have to work with the police fairly
           | regularly. They see fostering an adversarial relationship as
           | bad for them.
           | 
           | So while the police may have broken the law, caused damages,
           | etc, and whatever, other police aren't going to pursue it and
           | neither will most district attorneys.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | There's also a significant personal risk. The NYPD has been
             | very casual about abusing their powers before and anyone
             | fighting it that hard might find it necessary to leave the
             | city if they didn't want 100% enforcement targeting them
             | personally.
             | 
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/14/nyregion/whistle-
             | blower-p...
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _NYPD has been very casual about abusing their powers
               | before and anyone fighting it that hard might find it
               | necessary to leave the city_
               | 
               | That was a cop collecting evidence on fellow cops. It's
               | obviously criminal. But the NYPD is sued all the time,
               | and I haven't seen evidence of them systematically acting
               | vindictively against either plaintiffs nor their
               | attorneys.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | I agree that it's unlikely but going after their subpoena
               | ability seems like the kind of thing which would be taken
               | personally.
        
               | callalex wrote:
               | > That was a cop collecting evidence on fellow cops.
               | 
               | Why is that relevant? Are you implying that this somehow
               | justifies the gang behavior?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Why is that relevant? Are you implying that this
               | somehow justifies the gang behavior?_
               | 
               | Explaining, not justifying. Gang-like organisations react
               | more forcefully to perceived betrayal (one up from
               | competition) than bog-standard adversarialism.
        
               | 6510 wrote:
               | Explaining why something happens doesn't go very far
               | proving it doesn't?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Explaining why something happens doesn 't go very far
               | proving it doesn't?_
               | 
               | Not sure what you're getting at. I'm asking for evidence
               | of someone suing the NYPD in the manner this journalist
               | might be harassed in the manner a cop collecting evidence
               | on other cops was.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _neither will most district attorneys_
             | 
             | Why would a DA pursue it? Is there an allegation of a crime
             | by the NYPD?
             | 
             | This looks like a civil matter. The NYPD is sued for--and
             | pays out on--civil damages all the time.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Lawyers don 't do this though because the best thing to do
           | for their client is get the NYPD to withdraw_
           | 
           | This is where groups like the ACLU come in.
        
             | busterarm wrote:
             | The ACLU on their own doesn't have standing. They still
             | have to best represent their client.
             | 
             | Doing this on behalf of the client would be the absolute
             | wrong thing to do. Any lawyer that would do that should be
             | disbarred.
             | 
             | The ACLU would only have the opportunity if this kind of
             | subpoena was used on the ACLU itself.
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | _Doing this on behalf of the client would be the absolute
               | wrong thing to do. Any lawyer that would do that should
               | be disbarred._
               | 
               | Even if the client asks for that?
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Are you even thinking about the risks if he loses the
               | case?
               | 
               | He'd be giving up his sources and even opening himself up
               | to the risk of them investigating him and charging him
               | with other crimes.
               | 
               | Any intelligent attorney would advise their client
               | against it.
               | 
               | Once you go to court anything can happen and either way
               | it's prohibitively expensive.
               | 
               | People in my own family have done nothing wrong and lost
               | everything they owned fighting in civil court over
               | smaller stakes than this. Going to civil court is the
               | absolute last resort. Nobody wins but the attorneys.
               | 
               | Going to court is only worth it in criminal cases and
               | insurance/liability cases.
               | 
               | /s used to work at one of the largest lawfirms in the US.
        
               | fwip wrote:
               | What a lawyer would "advise against" and what they
               | "should be disbarred for doing" is not nearly the same
               | thing.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Doing this on behalf of the client would be the
               | absolute wrong thing to do. Any lawyer that would do that
               | should be disbarred_
               | 
               | This is a novel take. Were this me, I'd require my lawyer
               | pursue the NYPD for the cost of the original legal fees.
               | They would not refuse.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | See my response to NewJazz.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _See my response to NewJazz_
               | 
               | Sure, and I'd expect them to explain that to me. But to
               | outright refuse--I would have a serious issue with that.
               | 
               | EDIT: Just asked. Friend, my counsel and partner at a Big
               | Law firm. He'd absolutely do it.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Refusing is easy. As about two dozen attorneys have told
               | my family members in their case after taking tens to
               | hundreds of thousands of dollars of their money:
               | 
               | "I can no longer represent you in this case."
               | 
               | As for your friend, I'm not even sure I care unless this
               | lands squarely in his practice area. Once it gets to
               | court NYPD's lawyers could just say some handwavey
               | "homeland security" shit and your judge might just piss
               | their robes and rule against you.
               | 
               | In civil matters it's always better to seek agreement
               | outside of court.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Refusing is easy_
               | 
               | Nobody claimed otherwise.
               | 
               | > _not even sure I care unless this lands squarely in his
               | practice area_
               | 
               | He asked a litigation partner who represented me the one
               | time Nassau County police got cute with me. In that case,
               | we weighed being aggressive after the department pulled
               | its accusations and I decided not to pursue given my
               | financial condition. Were that to happen today, I'd
               | decide differently.
               | 
               | > _your judge might just piss their robes and rule
               | against you_
               | 
               | Sure. And I'd have wasted time and money and possibly
               | more.
               | 
               | > _In civil matters it 's always better to seek agreement
               | outside of court_
               | 
               | Constrained to the case or controversy, sure. But that
               | isn't always the entire picture. Seeing that context is
               | what separates the great lawyers from the commodity ones.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | > Sure. And I'd have wasted time and money.
               | 
               | No, you'd have pinned your NYPD officer sources asses up
               | against the wall because you leaked their information by
               | losing your subpoena fight.
               | 
               | THAT is why this wouldn't be pursued in court.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _you 'd have pinned your NYPD officer sources asses up
               | against the wall because you leaked their information by
               | losing your subpoena fight_
               | 
               | Why is that my problem?
        
               | everforward wrote:
               | > Doing this on behalf of the client would be the
               | absolute wrong thing to do. Any lawyer that would do that
               | should be disbarred.
               | 
               | This is not true. Check out the American Bar Association
               | Rules of Professional Conduct 1.2 (https://www.americanba
               | r.org/groups/professional_responsibili...).
               | 
               | Broadly speaking, lawyers are bound to the client's
               | wishes, and are expected to represent their client the
               | best they can under those circumstances.
               | 
               | If a lawyer's client wants to sue the NYPD, even if the
               | chances of winning are slim, they can represent that
               | client (barring some niche scenarios).
               | 
               | This is how the ACLU typically works. They find someone
               | with standing who cares enough to bother with following
               | the lawsuit through and they represent that person.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | I'm not saying that they wouldn't. I'm saying that they
               | shouldn't.
               | 
               | The client isn't the only person with things to lose
               | here, it's their sources who are at risk if he loses the
               | case.
               | 
               | The client wouldn't pursue it for journalistic ethics
               | reasons.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _not saying that they wouldn 't. I'm saying that they
               | shouldn't._
               | 
               | You said it would be grounds for disbarment.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Yes if people are harmed by your actions as an attorney
               | that is my opinion of what should happen.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _if people are harmed by your actions as an attorney
               | that is my opinion of what should happen_
               | 
               | This isn't how disbarment works. Given we're in an
               | adversarial system, I'm glad it doesn't. (Could you
               | imagine a lawyer refusing to advance litigation against a
               | city because it would harm the city's taxpayers?!)
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | > (Could you imagine a lawyer refusing to advance
               | litigation against a city because it would harm the
               | city's taxpayers?!)
               | 
               | Your client doesn't have a responsibility to protect the
               | city's taxpayers.
               | 
               | This client does have a responsibility to protect their
               | sources.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _This client does have a responsibility to protect
               | their sources_
               | 
               | An ethical responsibility. Not a legal one. Not the
               | lawyer's job, and certainly not the legal bar's. That's
               | not only presumptuous, it's unprofessional and
               | potentially dangerous.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Is that the only way the ACLU works? Can't they offer to
               | cover the expense of the person with standing by either
               | using their attorneys or footing the bill for the team
               | already in place?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Can 't they offer to cover the expense of the person
               | with standing by either using their attorneys or footing
               | the bill for the team already in place?_
               | 
               | This is how they actually work.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | Provided you're fighting for the liberties they care
               | about.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Provided you 're fighting for the liberties they care
               | about_
               | 
               | Sure. The point is the ACLU doesn't wait to get sued
               | itself. That would be stupid. It finds test cases and
               | supports them with external resources.
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | This is a judgment call. The courts could respect the idea
           | that this is a sword hanging over the plaintiff, even if this
           | specific case becomes moot. This has happened elsewhere in
           | first amendment cases. In no way is this something that would
           | merit disbarment.
        
       | xbar wrote:
       | I am baffled by the fact that NYPD can avoid the determination of
       | legality by withdrawing subpoenas.
       | 
       | It seems like it would be in X/Meta/Alphabet's interest to get
       | the question in front of a judge in order to require warranted
       | subpoenas.
        
         | hex4def6 wrote:
         | If I were to send an illegal demand to someone (like say a
         | threat of blackmail / extortion), can I simply "withdraw" the
         | demand once it reaches court? Absolutely ridiculous.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _can I simply "withdraw" the demand once it reaches court?_
           | 
           | For the _per se_ dispute, absolutely. That 's what you went
           | to court to get.
           | 
           | If your demand caused damages, that's a separate controversy
           | that isn't cured by withdrawal.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Judge: How do you plead?
           | 
           | Defendant: J/K!!!! lulz!!!!!
           | 
           | Judge: case dismissed! <bang>
           | 
           | It probably depends on how wealthy the defendant is (if an
           | individual), or the size of the the org defendant represents.
           | If you're a LEO type of org, then I'm honestly shocked the
           | judge didn't just dismiss with prejudice from the off
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | Why in their interest?
        
           | bediger4000 wrote:
           | To determine once and for all how to act when receiving this
           | kind of subpoena, or to get police departments to stop
           | sending them, whichever is cheapest.
        
           | cosmojg wrote:
           | Processing warrantless subpoenas costs time and money. Given
           | that we're talking about fairly rational megacorporations,
           | though, it's likely they've already decided that the legal
           | battle would cost more.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | > Processing warrantless subpoenas costs time and money.
             | 
             | Takes me two seconds to throw out the junk mail in my
             | mailbox. Sometimes I save it as firestarter.
             | 
             | How is a "warrantless subpoena" any different? (Maybe it
             | is, actually asking here).
        
               | cosmojg wrote:
               | How would you know it's warrantless without further time
               | investment? It's likely cheaper and safer to blindly
               | process any subpoena originating from an authoritative
               | source than to request and validate proof of warrant. Of
               | course, it would be even cheaper to never receive such a
               | subpoena in the first place. Securing a ruling against
               | their legality would help with that, but as I said, it's
               | unlikely the ends justify the means for a rational
               | megacorporation.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I'm _guessing_ there's some obvious telltale that there's
               | a warrant (signed /stamped by judge, possibly on court
               | letterhead instead of police letterhead).
               | 
               | Also possible to separate the streams of input. Maybe
               | can't force it, but having a "warrants" stream that gets
               | priority triage and another for "other" that works a lot
               | slower because it's mostly garbage. Can create a shit
               | list for those that abuse the "warrants" stream.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Doesn't sound very safe to shitlist NYPD.
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | Which seems to be what NYPD are attempting to leverage.
        
               | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
               | If you received an illegal subpoena from the government
               | you wouldn't have any costs associated with it at all?
               | Just throw it in the trash, move on with your day, and
               | surely you will never have to think about it again?
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | At least where I work, if a random user bypasses the
               | helpdesk with an informal request, my manager will back
               | me up if they complain about no-response because there's
               | a formal method to follow for a reason.
               | 
               | It's not an "illegal" subpoena, police can try and ask
               | whatever they want, but I'm assuming there's no penalties
               | for ignoring.
               | 
               | But I asked a question, maybe there are exceptions and
               | you must respond anyway despite lack of warrant.
               | 
               | While there could be reasons considered valid to respond
               | to an informal request (some urgent life/safety matter),
               | the police can and do lie, but are less likely to do so
               | to a judge.
               | 
               | Lived in a building once where management agreed to
               | police installed warrantless spycams in some hallways and
               | told management it was to investigate a car theft ring,
               | but it was some guy (edit:) storing drugs and keeping to
               | themself.
               | 
               | Sadly, I don't think there's any kind of post-review of
               | urgent informal requests to assess validity/accuracy of
               | the request with consequences.
        
               | fwip wrote:
               | When the subpoena comes from the government, it seems
               | potentially short-sighted to assume that the same
               | government is going to be as kind as your manager
               | regarding a random user's complaint.
               | 
               | Also, like the article explains, it is possibly illegal
               | for them to send this warrantless subpoenas. Further,
               | they are not simply "asking," as you describe - the text
               | of the subpoena starts off "We command you," and ends
               | with the explicit threat of legal action if twitter fails
               | to comply.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | Its not illegal to ask for voluntary cooperation. Its
               | illegal to issue a subpoena under color of authority you
               | don't actually have. It clearly stated this happened.
        
             | yaur wrote:
             | They cover the costs of complying although likely wouldn't
             | cover the costs of determining that a request was
             | warrantless and rejecting it, so the incentives align with
             | just blindly complying with everything.
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | > Processing warrantless subpoenas costs time and money.
             | 
             | You can actually bill police departments for that. It's not
             | as common when it comes to basic records, but it's not
             | uncommon when it comes to wiretaps/trap and trace.
        
         | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
         | It's possible for a document to be submitted in error, in
         | actual good faith. Not to say it was in this case, nor that we
         | don't need more accountability for abuse, but there could be
         | legitimate reason to skip this judgement if it's withdrawn
         | appropriately. Especially when it's done by an organization
         | without this history of abuse.
        
         | avs733 wrote:
         | Because courts use mootness to allow law enforcement to escape
         | criticism all the time.
        
       | throw0101d wrote:
       | The NYPD actually has 'international offices':
       | 
       | * https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/nypd-stationed-oversea...
       | 
       | * https://archive.is/ZOYiw /
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/21/nyregion/terrorism-nypd-i...
        
         | eli wrote:
         | NYPD has more resources than most countries' militaries
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _NYPD has more resources than most countries ' militaries_
           | 
           | It has a more complicated remit than most countries'
           | militaries. (For example, the NYPD functions as the UN's
           | ersatz security force.)
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Get rid of the UN and the statement would likely still be
             | true.
             | 
             | Their budget is roughly equivalent to 2020 Ukraine's.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Get rid of the UN and the statement would likely still
               | be true_
               | 
               | Get rid of the UN and the NYPD can be smaller.
               | 
               | And it's not just the UN. New York is a second diplomatic
               | capital. So you're also replicating D.C.'s consular
               | security force. This is before we get to it being a
               | financial and cultural centre, to say nothing of the
               | largest city in America and a precedented target of
               | international terrorism.
               | 
               | > _budget is roughly equivalent to 2020 Ukraine 's_
               | 
               | New York City's economy is double the size of Ukraine's
               | pre-war economy [1][2]. Were it a country, it would sit
               | between Turkey and Indonesia, eclipsing even the economy
               | of Saudi Arabia [3].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_New_York_Cit
               | y#Gross...
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine#Main
               | _econom...
               | 
               | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GD
               | P_(nomi...
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | The fact remains that single cities in the US - NY is
               | hardly the only example - have budgets, manpower, and
               | weaponry that exceed much of the world's nation states.
               | 
               | Chicago and LA are roughly #60 on the list of the world's
               | militaries.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _fact remains that single cities in the US - NY is
               | hardly the only example - have budgets, manpower, and
               | weaponry that exceed much of the world 's nation states_
               | 
               | And I'm contextualising it. Given its population and
               | economy, the NYPD _should_ have the resources of
               | similarly-sized nation-states.
               | 
               | > _we 're the third highest in percent of GDP spent on
               | cops_
               | 
               | America is definitely over-policed. I'm not sure New York
               | is.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > I'm not sure New York is.
               | 
               | By $ it seems almost certainly; by capability perhaps
               | not.
        
               | Arrath wrote:
               | > Given its population and economy, the NYPD _should_
               | have the resources of similarly-sized nation-states.
               | 
               | I just can't say I agree with this statement. NYC itself
               | being part of an even bigger nation-state should mean
               | that a number of the responsibilities that fall under the
               | purview of your example similarly sized nation-states
               | militaries/establishments are likewise handled by NYC's
               | parent state, allowing for efficiencies that free up
               | resources better spent on other programs. On its face the
               | duplication of effort on several levels seems wasteful.
               | 
               | E: So my thesis is that I agree that _NYC_ should have
               | the resources of similarly-sized nation-states, however
               | they could be better apportioned.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | I agree. I also can't see a New York politician
               | dismantling that infrastructure, given the downsides that
               | would result were a plot to get through. (Irrespective of
               | whether the NYPD's international offices would have
               | helped.)
        
               | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
               | why are you comparing NYC police force to Ukraine
               | military rather than Ukraine police force? The fact that
               | anyone sees the roles as comparable is a lot of the
               | problem.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _why are you comparing NYC police force to Ukraine
               | military rather than Ukraine police force?_
               | 
               | I never cited either figure? I'm comparing the sizes of
               | GDPs.
        
               | joecool1029 wrote:
               | I'm not disagreeing with how ridiculous it is, but when
               | you have their commissioners making statements confirming
               | that they can shoot down aircraft, we've moved past the
               | normal definition of a police force:
               | https://nationalpost.com/news/nypd-able-to-shoot-down-
               | planes...
        
               | pas wrote:
               | Cops over-bully people but the actual policing is
               | severely lacking. There's a problem with funding and
               | allocation of said funds. So that apparent over-
               | policedness is a result of under-policying. :/
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | Assuming that's true for the sake of argument, it shouldn't
           | be _that_ surprising given that NYC is more-populous than the
           | long tail of  "most" countries as well. Having 8.5 million
           | people puts it near Austria, Switzerland, Hong Kong [0], or
           | Serbia.
           | 
           | [0] Yeah yeah, "one country two systems", whatever, it's
           | still a relevant comparison.
        
           | humansareok1 wrote:
           | NYC has a higher GDP than most countries. So what?
        
         | mikrl wrote:
         | I'm not sure how I feel about the logistics of this.
         | 
         | On the one hand, municipality to municipality (Antwerp to NYC)
         | makes sense since both will have similar challenges in law
         | enforcement activities.
         | 
         | On the other hand, this seems to be a channel that bypasses the
         | Feds, who are ultimately the ones with the National Security
         | purview, and most/all foreign threats to NYC will pass through
         | the Feds jurisdiction (border control, customs, coast guard
         | etc)
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _most /all foreign threats to NYC will pass through the
           | Feds jurisdiction (border control, customs, coast guard etc)_
           | 
           | After 9/11, it seems fair for New York to want to take anti-
           | terrorism into its own hands, even if that duplicates certain
           | federal functions. (I'm not arguing it's effective. Just that
           | it makes sense for the city to not entirely trust the Feds.)
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | Does it? Why does the NYPD have an office in Tel Aviv for
             | example?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Why does the NYPD have an office in Tel Aviv for
               | example?_
               | 
               | Presumably to coordinate intelligence? (I'm guesing.)
               | 
               | If you don't trust the Feds, your options are to partner
               | or duplicate that capability in house. Partnering seems
               | the cheaper option.
        
               | text0404 wrote:
               | foreign intelligence is outside the purview of a domestic
               | municipal police department. the US does not allow
               | foreign municipalities to install police departments on
               | US soil.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _foreign intelligence is outside the purview of a
               | domestic municipal police department_
               | 
               | Demonstrably, not the NYPD's.
               | 
               | > _US does not allow foreign municipalities to install
               | police departments on US soil_
               | 
               | Sure. But those foreign countries allowed them. And
               | again, nobody is granting the NYPD extraterritorial
               | policing powers. They're there to collaborate on
               | intelligence.
        
               | jonathankoren wrote:
               | >> foreign intelligence is outside the purview of a
               | domestic municipal police department
               | 
               | > Demonstrably, not the NYPD's.
               | 
               | Is it demonstrable? Allow me to skeptical until New
               | York's Finest crack a case that the NSA, CIA, and FBI
               | can't handle.
               | 
               | This looks like a cushy assignment for some people with
               | union pull.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Is it demonstrable? Allow me to skeptical until New
               | York 's Finest crack a case that the NSA, CIA, and FBI
               | can't handle._
               | 
               | It's demonstrable that foreign intelligence is within the
               | NYPD's purview given they're doing it. No claims were
               | made about efficacy.
               | 
               | Also, I don't think the NYPD aims to crack cases the Feds
               | _can 't_. It's more about directing resources towards
               | areas they believe the Fed's aren't monitoring
               | effectively or won't commit the resources they believe it
               | deserves. If something were picked up, the NYPD would
               | loop in the Feds.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | Exactly what coordination of intelligence is required? To
               | me this would be like my local utility needing to have an
               | anti-nuclear proliferation Taskforce with another utility
               | from a different country...
        
               | thejazzman wrote:
               | They don't?!
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | They can freely engage in 4A breaches outside US soil.
               | The Israeli panopticon is for sale to interested parties.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | I guess the real question that is not openly posed is
               | whether NYPD has mandate do that before we even get to
               | the part as to whether it is cost-effective, warranted or
               | even desirable. Sheriff of my podunk lil town doesn't run
               | work with Italy's podunk town mayor for example.
        
               | xrd wrote:
               | They have a subway system in Tel Aviv. I'm sure they will
               | be happy to have NYPD patrolling it, keeping it safe. /s
               | 
               | You see things like this and wonder how that money
               | escapes scrutiny when everything else is debated
               | endlessly.
        
             | zwirbl wrote:
             | That doesn't really make sense, will the NYPD start
             | patrolling airports in Europe and flights to the US?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _will the NYPD start patrolling airports in Europe and
               | flights to the US?_
               | 
               | To my knowledge, the NYPD doesn't patrol outside its
               | borders. The international offices are for coordinating
               | intelligence.
        
               | mikrl wrote:
               | I was surprised to see US border control at Toronto
               | Pearson but I suppose it makes sense to screen passengers
               | on this side given the proximity of Toronto to a US
               | workforce, and it would alleviate US airports to receive
               | Canadian traffic as a pseudo-domestic arrival (I assume
               | this is what happened when I flew YYZ->DFW)
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | They do this in a number of other places that have lots
               | of flights to the US.
               | 
               | https://www.cbp.gov/travel/preclearance
               | 
               | > Today, CBP has more than 600 officers and agriculture
               | specialists stationed at 15 Preclearance locations in 6
               | countries: Dublin and Shannon in Ireland; Aruba; Bermuda;
               | Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates; Nassau in the
               | Bahamas; and Calgary, Toronto, Edmonton, Halifax,
               | Montreal, Ottawa, Vancouver, Victoria, and Winnipeg in
               | Canada.
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | Not just the US. UK passport control going from France to
               | England by ferry is on the French side of the channel.
        
               | andylynch wrote:
               | And vice versa.
               | 
               | The French Border Police are quite different in attitude
               | to the UK Border Force.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | It's not just Canada, there are several countries in this
               | program: https://www.cbp.gov/travel/preclearance
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | the other reason is that if canadian traffic can come
               | into the US as domestic pre-cleared, then travelers are
               | free to transfer within the US much more easily. this
               | makes things much easier for places that do not have
               | direct connections to Canadian airports.
               | 
               | (in the US, even if transiting to another country you are
               | required to clear US customs.)
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It allows Canadian flights to go to (US) domestic
               | airports, including those without active customs.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | I keep hearing (from abroad) about the "militarisation of
             | the police" in the US. Unless the NYPD took this as far as
             | SAM batteries, what could they _do_ against another 9 /11,
             | given the original four planes didn't take off from NY
             | state let alone city?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _unless the NYPD took this as far as SAM batteries,
               | what could they do against another 9 /11_
               | 
               | Notify the Feds.
               | 
               | (Though I guess we _can_ shoot down planes now? [1])
               | 
               | [1] https://nationalpost.com/news/nypd-able-to-shoot-
               | down-planes...
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | The only thing anyone can do against another 9/11 is what
               | we've already done. Reinforced cockpit doors.
               | 
               | All the rest is just bullshit and security theater (Which
               | NYC is exceedingly good at.)
        
         | simpletone wrote:
         | > The NYPD actually has 'international offices':
         | 
         | I wonder whether the media is going to write hysterical
         | propaganda pieces about this, like they did with chinese
         | 'international offices'.
         | 
         | With the media, it's always accuse others of what you are
         | doing.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | Not sure what you consider "hysterical propaganda", but this
           | is a thing that has been widely, and critically, covered in
           | the media for decades.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Isn't a Chinese international office called a consulate? Why
           | would it come across as strange that they would have them?
        
             | michaelmrose wrote:
             | They are accused and indeed 2 charged with running
             | essentially outposts for the ccp gestapo to spy on citizens
             | and former citizens living abroad and critics.
             | 
             | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/what-are-chinas-
             | allege...
             | 
             | Its not hysteria at all.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _like they did with chinese 'international offices'_
           | 
           | The NYPD's international offices do not have policing powers.
           | They can't arrest people. They can't search or seize
           | suspects. They're there with the full knowledge and
           | cooperation of their hosts.
           | 
           | The Chinese police departments were exercising police powers
           | on foreign soil without the host countries' permission. Night
           | and day.
        
             | Eisenstein wrote:
             | Why do you write 'cooperation' with an umlaut?
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | In English words it's a diaeresis.
        
               | iamawacko wrote:
               | Probably a diaeresis, a diacritic which indicates that
               | two vowels aren't to be read as a digraph or diphthong.
               | It's fancy and pretentious, and frequently seen in New
               | Yorker articles.
        
               | erik_seaberg wrote:
               | I went through a phase of this because it made sense and
               | I didn't realize that it wasn't standard English.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Why do you write 'cooperation' with an umlaut?_
               | 
               | I grew up speaking French, English and a variant of
               | German and have trouble not reading the double-o as a
               | long vowel. After that autocorrect picked up on it and it
               | doesn't bother me enough to change it.
        
             | simpletone wrote:
             | > The Chinese police departments were exercising police
             | powers on foreign soil without the host countries'
             | permission.
             | 
             | I highly doubt that. I'm told that the 'ccp' controls
             | biden, democrats, etc. So why would they need their police
             | to do anything here?
             | 
             | Also, as a foreigner, why do you post so much propaganda
             | here? Even more than that, why do you comment as if you are
             | an expert on american, chinese, nyc, etc affairs? You've
             | written more than a dozen comments just on this thread.
        
         | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
         | Of course they do. They're the military for the country of New
         | York City. There's also an intelligence bureau with overseas
         | offices too. They regularly conduct undercover buys at gun
         | shops in foreign nations like Ohio and Virginia. Personally I
         | hope that they'll sign peace treaties with these other places
         | someday. Too much hate in the world.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | > They're the military for the country of New York City.
           | 
           | no, there is a lot of law and history to make those laws..
           | that specifically and in great detail, separate the roles,
           | responsibilities, oversight, legal powers and funding, for
           | obvious reasons.
        
         | jonathankoren wrote:
         | The NYPD's budget in FY 2024 is 5.3 *BILLION* dollars[0]
         | 
         | This is more than total military expenditure of Romania.[1]
         | 
         | A $115 million of this 5.3 billion was used to settle lawsuits
         | last year.[2]
         | 
         | [0] https://council.nyc.gov/budget/wp-
         | content/uploads/sites/54/2...
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_with_highest...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/29/nyregion/nypd-police-
         | misc...
        
           | woodruffw wrote:
           | The NYPD's budget is also a significant underestimate, since
           | the NYPD typically blows through hundreds of millions of
           | dollars of additional overtime funding each year[1]. It would
           | be accurate to say that the NYPD's budget is _both_ gigantic
           | _and_ under-accounted.
           | 
           | [1]: https://comptroller.nyc.gov/newsroom/nypd-overspending-
           | on-ov...
        
       | none_to_remain wrote:
       | Why would a subpoena have a warrant?
        
         | notaustinpowers wrote:
         | It doesn't need a warrant, but a subpoena is just to compel
         | Twitter/X to release the information, while a warrant would
         | legally require Twitter/X to release the information.
         | 
         | The issue is that the subpoena told Twitter/X not to inform the
         | accountholder that their information was going to be given to
         | the NYPD, nor inform the accountholder of the subpoena's
         | existence. While that's enforceable with a warrant, it is not
         | enforceable with a subpoena.
         | 
         | This shows how NYPD is attempting to compel companies to
         | provide them with personal information of users, and keep it
         | secret from the users, all without needing a judge's approval
         | or warrant. That is not the proper channel to do this, and they
         | know they have no legal leg to stand on which is why they
         | aren't going to try to fight it's legitimacy in court.
        
           | none_to_remain wrote:
           | My understanding as a non-practitioner is that subpoenas are
           | addressed to a person (individual or corporate) compelling
           | them to produce evidence or testimony, while a warrant is
           | addressed to police, giving them the power to effect a
           | specific search, seizure, or arrest.
        
             | notaustinpowers wrote:
             | Per Federal Law (Stored Communications Act), authorities
             | that want to access electronic records need a court-issued
             | warrant. This failed to meet that requirement.
        
             | MacsHeadroom wrote:
             | Yes, but if presented with a warrant for your property (ex.
             | subscriber information) you must comply or be charged with
             | obstructing justice or impeding an investigation.
             | 
             | When presented with an administrative subpoena not backed
             | by a warrant you may be able to deny the subpoena without
             | being guilty of such crimes.
        
               | WhiskeyChicken wrote:
               | Subpoenas are never "backed by a warrant." Probably what
               | you mean is a subpoena signed by a judge, rather than the
               | self-issued "administrative" subpoena being discussed
               | here.
        
         | grey413 wrote:
         | The fourth amendment requires them for search and seizures.
        
           | none_to_remain wrote:
           | Can you provide any example of a "warranted subpoena"?
        
             | MacsHeadroom wrote:
             | All court orders are warrants. That is the most basic
             | definition of a warrant. So a subpoena issued by the court
             | is warranted. A subpoena not issued by a court but
             | accompanied by a separate warrant for the same information
             | constitutes a warranted search or seizure where failure to
             | comply with said search/seizure by the warranted party (ie.
             | law enforcement) could constitute multiple crimes depending
             | on the circumstances.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _fourth amendment requires them for search and seizures_
           | 
           | The third-party doctrine muddies this under current law.
        
             | gowld wrote:
             | This is what confuses me. NYPD subpoenaed Twitter. Twitter
             | said "no".
             | 
             | I don't understand why Rabbi Copwatch would be involved in
             | fighting the subpoena.
             | 
             | Rabbi Copwatch should sue NYPD for infringing his civil
             | rights by spying on him.
             | 
             | He has nothing to defend against. Under current law, if he
             | doesn't want NYPD siezing papers and effects _about_ him
             | from Twitter, that is not _his_ papers and effects, he
             | needs to stop giving copies of data about himself to
             | Twitter. I don 't like that law, but I think that's where
             | the law sits today.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | My understanding is that the customer of a service (like
               | Twitter or an ISP) can sometimes file a motion to quash a
               | subpoena given to their service provider. It depends on
               | the jurisdiction and the nature of the case, however.
        
         | advisedwang wrote:
         | The article does a bad job explaining why this subpoena is
         | different from a regular subpoena. The "warrentless subpoena"
         | bit is really misleading.
         | 
         | However it does look like this is different from the normal
         | subpoena process. This doesn't seem to be part of discovery -
         | there is no action. The referenced "Section 14-137 of the New
         | York City Administrative Code" seems to basically grant the
         | NYPD commissioner powers a judge usually has. So there is
         | something to worry about.
        
         | qingcharles wrote:
         | There are two types of subpoenas in use: 1) police-issued
         | ("administrative"); 2) court-issued ("warranted").
         | 
         | Having been the victim of these on many occasions, I can also
         | see the original article seems to have things slightly twisted.
         | The SCA gives the power to any governmental body to subpoena
         | _metadata_ from providers under an administrative subpoena
         | without notice to the user. 18 U.S. Code SS 2703(c)(2) I think.
         | 
         | It's the _content_ of records that starts to get into
         | constitutional areas such as 4th Amend. requirements.
        
       | bananapub wrote:
       | it really is funny how much abuse by the government people in the
       | US will tolerate if it's by cops and not the tax office or trying
       | to make the health insurance market slightly less insane.
       | 
       | why is that? is it like australia, where everyone is just deep
       | down a narc?
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | for most people the day to day interaction with police is
         | positive. For example, i know the names of the police that
         | patrol my neighborhood and we wave/chit chat whenever i'm out
         | walking my dogs and they drive by. The only interaction i have
         | with the tax office is a form I have to fill out and a check I
         | have to write. Further, it seems no matter how much money i
         | hand over the quality of social service remains the same. My
         | local public schools are funded in a large part by my property
         | tax, it has skyrocketed but the schools are the same disaster
         | they've always been.
        
         | BobaFloutist wrote:
         | Lobbying and marketing.
         | 
         | Police make money and provide services for profitable
         | corporations.
         | 
         | Taxes cost profitable corporations money, except when they're
         | really annoying to deal with, in which case they give money to
         | a small group of corporations.
         | 
         | So taxes are designed to be as irritating and painful as
         | possible, and are continually attacked, whereas police are
         | defended.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | > why is that?
         | 
         | Because the same group of people that hate the tax office and a
         | working healthcare system also have a deep pathological fear of
         | the underclasses rising up. And the only thing that will
         | protect them from this is a gang of uniformed thugs.
         | 
         | That group also holds ~half the political power in the country.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _a deep pathological fear of the underclasses rising up_
           | 
           | At least in New York, support for the police _diminishes_
           | with income. Manhattan is the anti-police borough. The
           | richest neighbourhoods within it elect the most anti-police
           | politicians (with few exceptions).
        
       | sitkack wrote:
       | > Mallory McGee, an attorney with the NYPD Legal Bureau, using
       | another email attached to the drug task force.
       | 
       | This action puts Mallory at risk of getting disbarred. Submitting
       | illegal subpoena's under the color of authority is fraudulent and
       | a disbarrable offense.
       | 
       | Multiple people at the NYPD broke the law and should face
       | criminal action.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | NYPD is famously full of criminals who abuse their position and
         | it seems unlikely to change any time soon
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _NYPD is famously full of criminals_
           | 
           | There are ways to hold lawyers accountable that sadly don't
           | exist for cops.
        
             | seanw444 wrote:
             | The people that exert force over us to enforce
             | restrictions, often to the extent that it infringes on
             | civil rights (and sometimes to the extent that it ruins the
             | subject's life), qualify for immunity from responsibility
             | for their actions! And their friends refuse to step in when
             | doing so is clearly the moral choice.
             | 
             | Hey, wait... this sounds a lot like a gang. How did the
             | rebel nation get so "cucked"?
        
             | Nifty3929 wrote:
             | At this point the only option to hold police accountable is
             | at the ballot box. The voters need to vote for politicians
             | who will change the system. Or not, if we're getting what
             | we want.
             | 
             | This is similar to a shareholder action for a public
             | company that is being run poorly (however you define that),
             | but where the board is also complicit. No choice except to
             | vote for new board members. If you want, and care enough,
             | and can get enough others to care enough also.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | But voters have to stick with said politician while they
               | rebuild the security force.
               | 
               | If a politician, who is technically the boss, starts to
               | clean house of the unified and armed tribe supposedly
               | meant to work for the people of the city, the tribe will
               | usually make quality of life for everyone go down, if not
               | just from the myriad legal challenges, but also from work
               | slowdowns and stoppage.
               | 
               | So then the question is will voters stand by the
               | politician while crime goes up and unsolved for the 10+
               | years it takes to rebuild a more accountable police force
               | (which isn't a guarantee either).
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Also don't forget at least 40% of the board, employees,
               | and other shareholders are ADAMANT that the internal
               | armed tribe which is actively harming everyone in
               | retribution are actually the good things, call them a
               | tiny cyan boundary, keeping the world from anarchy.
               | 
               | Speaking of crimes, I've murdered this analogy
        
           | araes wrote:
           | NYPD? All the way up. Last I heard, Adams appointed an NYPD
           | Chief being investigated by the FBI for $300,000 of
           | unexplained cash in his bank account as the public safety
           | officer. [1]
           | 
           | And there's only been a straw donor scheme with multiple
           | guilty pleas, a fundraiser with $150,000 in unexplained
           | gifts, and illegally accepted donations from Turkish citizens
           | resulting in FBI seizure of electronic devices. [2] This all
           | feels like it's gonna get a Clarence Thomas response.
           | 
           | [1] https://nypost.com/2022/01/07/mayor-eric-adams-hires-ex-
           | nypd...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.politico.com/news/2023/11/13/investigations-
           | eric...
        
             | sonotathrowaway wrote:
             | He's making sure the public is safe from misspent funds by
             | keeping the funds in his personal bank account. Nothing to
             | see here.
        
           | abvdasker wrote:
           | Anecdotally most vice in New York City is now more or less
           | run through the police or involves some form of NYPD
           | protection racket. Every couple years a large prostitution or
           | drug ring gets broken up and it's always current and former
           | officers running them. Barely makes the headlines. I know
           | people here who have bought drugs from police officers.
        
             | hamoodhabibi wrote:
             | There was an NYPD officer who was an active tong member in
             | NY....
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | I'll take the other side of the bet if any will offer. This guy
         | won't be disbarred. Will play on manifold markets or with real
         | money here in SF. Up to maybe $1k. They are not at any risk.
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | Cynical nihilism may be a good prediction market bet but it
           | doesn't make a very interesting HN comment.
        
             | panarky wrote:
             | Interestingness may be in the eye of the beholder, but it's
             | neither cynical nor nihilist to observe what usually
             | happens in situations like this and to make predictions
             | about the future based on observations of the past.
        
             | throwaway09223 wrote:
             | Accurate is more important than interesting
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | It's not cynical nihilism. There's a lot of things I
             | believe in. Just not this.
             | 
             | Many people get this kind of dopamine hit from saying that
             | something is going to happen (similar to the one from
             | telling people you're going to do something). "Twitter is
             | going to fail in 2 weeks" / "Trump will be impeached next
             | month" / "Hunter Biden is going to be jailed". It's
             | traumschadenfreude.
             | 
             | Wishcasting is a kind of interesting, yes, but I think
             | truth seeking is more interesting.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | Mallory McGee is a woman.
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | Thank you. Correction appreciated. Updated.
        
       | wolverine876 wrote:
       | Unaddressed is why nothing is done, by the target of the
       | subpeona, the NYCLU, the court, the city, or someone else, about
       | this practice and about the apparent investigation into critics.
       | 
       | They all seem to treat it as a one-off event, when it doesn't
       | seem to be. I can guess at the difficulties involved, but the
       | question isn't raised and the issues aren't examined.
        
         | praisewhitey wrote:
         | Also unaddressed is what the NYPD intended to do with all that
         | information.
        
       | exogeny wrote:
       | I've lived in NYC for almost 15 years. I've never seen a more
       | corrupt and shiftless organization than the NYPD. It's almost
       | comical. I grew up in a small, Midwestern town and was never
       | anti-cop until moving here, and it got immeasurably and
       | irreparably worse during the George Floyd protests. Every single
       | time anything ever got accelerated or instigated, it was by the
       | police and not by a single protestor. Between the kettling, the
       | instigation, and disrespect it became clear that they're a
       | glorified gang that has operates with almost complete impunity
       | and it shocks me that anyone in the city respects them or
       | considers them a friend to the common good.
       | 
       | The most common run-in I have with them is standing at a
       | crosswalk or sitting in an Uber and watching them put on the
       | sirens and move everyone out of the way just so they don't have
       | to sit in traffic. I'd estimate seeing this happen, oh, I don't
       | know, about a thousand times while simultaneously I have never
       | once seen them pull anyone over for any kind of traffic or moving
       | violation.
        
         | whiddershins wrote:
         | I've lived in NYC much longer than that and the NYPD during the
         | past 15 years has, whenever I've observed them, which is many
         | times, been very professional.
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | I am pleased how X/Twitter responded to this request.
       | 
       | X/Twitter notified the person, sent a copy of the the subpoena,
       | suggested legal representation, provided recommendations, and
       | defied the NYPD order of silence.
        
         | jjjjj55555 wrote:
         | They also could have done the complete opposite. Imagine your
         | life being in the hands of Twitter.
        
           | fuzztester wrote:
           | Not only that, they already have.
           | 
           | They reinstated some well-known people high-profile who had
           | been banned for good reasons ...
           | 
           | No need to imagine reality.
        
       | woodruffw wrote:
       | The NYPD is well known for taking attempts at oversight
       | personally[1][2], overstepping both regulatory and legal limits
       | in the process.
       | 
       | [1]: https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2022/08/29/cop-left-creepy-
       | voice...
       | 
       | [2]: https://gothamist.com/news/nypd-officer-poses-
       | as-311-operato...
        
         | l3mure wrote:
         | They hate citizens, they hate internal reformers [1]/[2], they
         | hate their own families [3], and it's true of every single
         | police department in the country.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Schoolcraft
         | 
         | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Serpico
         | 
         | [3] https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/10/07/what-if-
         | your-a...
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | "warrantless subpoena" is a nonsense phrase.
        
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