[HN Gopher] The Epson HX-20 - A Contrarian's View (2021)
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       The Epson HX-20 - A Contrarian's View (2021)
        
       Author : rbanffy
       Score  : 56 points
       Date   : 2024-03-12 14:45 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (feertech.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (feertech.com)
        
       | aidenn0 wrote:
       | It seems like it would have been easy to use as a battery-powered
       | POS terminal, with just some simple BASIC software. That might
       | not have been sufficiently better than a mechanical cash register
       | or a carbonless-copy receipt pad though to justify it.
        
         | spiderxxxx wrote:
         | You'd think so, but I can't find anyone had actually been using
         | it as such. Since it can read and write tapes, it seems it
         | would be perfectly suited to running a retail store's day to
         | day business. The barcode scanner and some basic database
         | software would have probably sold like hotcakes as a portable
         | POS system.
        
           | aidenn0 wrote:
           | Were there barcode scanners that were efficient enough to be
           | battery-operated in 1981?
        
       | internet101010 wrote:
       | Epson is one of those companies that creates a solid product and
       | just lets it ride. Like their V600 scanner has been $250-350 for
       | its entire lifetime and is still the best on the market; it came
       | out in 2009.
        
         | throw_pm23 wrote:
         | I remember my family having bought a PC and an Epson printer
         | sometime in the 1990s. Both were roughly in the ~$1000 range.
         | Almost a decade later we considered selling the computer for
         | ~$50, and gave it away instead. We sold the printer for about
         | the same price we bought it. (It was a type of printer that was
         | in demand as small companies could print invoices and receipts
         | with it).
         | 
         | EDIT: I checked the model and incredibly it is still sold,
         | between $300-$1000 on ebay, etc.
        
         | buildbot wrote:
         | Scanners are also a tech that has pretty much plateaued -
         | correct me if I am wrong, but the linear arrays are fairly
         | cheap and the resolution is a product of the linear array and
         | the minimum step size, and steppers have not gotten much
         | better. There are 2x+ more dense linear arrays than the v600
         | has that exist, but that only would improve one dimension of
         | the resolution.
         | 
         | Also, the v600 is a great consumer scanner, but OH BOY can you
         | get more fancy, for film you have the hasselblad/imacon line
         | that are still a few thousand used, then you have drum scanners
         | for the highest possible film scanning quality. For a more
         | direct v600 comparison, there is this really, really old
         | scanner that outperforms it:
         | https://www.scansolutionsonline.com/media/1168/cezanne-elite...
         | 
         | A more modern flatbed scanner: https://epson.com/For-
         | Work/Scanners/Photo-and-Graphics/Epson... Sadly lower res than
         | what used to be out there.
        
           | fmajid wrote:
           | The Imacon Flextight has been discontinued for a while now.
           | Flatbed scannners are stagnant because there isn't enough
           | demand to drive investment. Sheet-fed document scanners are
           | still lively, but quality has gone down, my 2010 vintage
           | ScanSnap S1500M has a high-quality CCD sensor, but newer
           | models are almost invariably CIS with much lower color
           | fidelity for scanning artwork.
           | 
           | High-quality XY prepress scanners like the Cezanne you
           | mention, or prepress leaders like Fuji Lanovia, Creo-Scitex
           | are also discontinued since the industry's gone fully digital
           | and doesn't expect to scan medium-format slides any more.
           | 
           | No wonder Gen-Z finds scanners exotic and terrifying:
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/feb/27/gen-z-
           | tec...
           | 
           | The only actively produced scanner that can outperform the
           | V600 is Epson's V850.
        
             | buildbot wrote:
             | Fair enough - personally, I'd use a digital camera to scan
             | large things anyway, possibly using an XY gantry if needed.
             | Use a monochrome sensor + color filter wheel for extra
             | points.
             | 
             | Scanners terrify generations equally in my opinion ;)
        
         | spiderxxxx wrote:
         | This thing was pretty solid. The circuitboard is silk screened
         | on both sides with labels for everything, test points, and a
         | trademark Epson thick technical manual. Repair is fairly easy
         | except for the self destructing batteries that take out the
         | FFCs inside. Still, if you can get your hands on one, you can
         | probably repair it. The technical manual even goes into detail
         | on how to install the capacitors, recommending about 1mm below
         | the capacitor for the legs to come up and connect, so in the
         | future if you have to replace them, you just cut the legs off
         | and remove the remnants.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | I have one, funnily it was from the German military that used it
       | for artillery calcularions.
        
         | FirmwareBurner wrote:
         | Who said there's no digitalization in Germany?
        
         | bballard wrote:
         | As a forward observer once radioed to artillery during WWII,
         | "Stop computing and start shooting!"
        
       | helpfulContrib wrote:
       | Its really nice that the language of that era still informs and
       | inspires designers today.
       | 
       | I have a small collection of ClockworkPi toys, most recently a
       | couple of uConsole's, and they are delightful reminders of an
       | aesthetic that still lingers on, in the minds of those raised on
       | computers-as-life.
       | 
       | The cyberdeck guys are going to continue this, I just know it. I
       | hope we see an Epson HX-20-esque re-imagining of the ClockworkPi
       | somewhere along the line ..
        
         | surteen wrote:
         | The later Epson PX-8 has a much more usable screen in a similar
         | form factor.
        
         | sleepybrett wrote:
         | The DevTerm is their closest form factor imo
         | https://www.clockworkpi.com/home-devterm. I bought one for
         | kicks, the keyboard kinda sucks but the built in receipt style
         | printer is badass.
         | 
         | The uClonsole also looks pretty sweet.
        
           | spiderxxxx wrote:
           | If there was a devterm with a 80% keyboard I'd gladly buy it,
           | but that tiny keyboard on it makes it a no from me.
        
       | somat wrote:
       | A question I have about this era of of computing. Why did DOS
       | win?
       | 
       | BASIC, for all it's faults, would have been a much nicer shell
       | environment than the extremely limited CPM/DOS syntax. From this
       | modern perspective I would have guessed at the time that BASIC
       | would have grown better file management operations and been the
       | home computers equivalent to the unix shell. that is, not a great
       | programing language but let you run commands and easily, using
       | the same language, program them.
       | 
       | Instead the primitive(in comparison to BASIC syntax) CPM command
       | interrupter and moreso Microsofts "we have CPM at home" DOS
       | syntax won the home computer market. why? every computer in that
       | critical 1981 lineup, including the IBM PC, had a BASIC rom.
        
         | snakeyjake wrote:
         | This may come as a shock to someone reading HN, but
         | approximately 0.0% (rounded) of all people care about shell
         | programming.
         | 
         | Whatever gets programs to run the easiest wins. DOS was easier
         | than BASIC.
         | 
         | Hell, I had been using computers for well over a decade to
         | accomplish tasks when they plopped me down in front of a Sun
         | SPARCStation 5 and someone mentioned that the Bourne Shell
         | could automate a bunch of the stuff I was doing.
        
         | groby_b wrote:
         | Because BASIC is a programming language (and was included with
         | DOS, cf MS BASIC)
         | 
         | DOS won because it offered a consistent way to manage your
         | files and applications, it was "better" than CPM, and it was
         | available on more machines than anything else. (DOS didn't win.
         | The PC won. DOS tagged along)
         | 
         | It's worth noting that it didn't, for a long time, "win" the
         | home computer market. That was wildly diverse, until PCs were
         | good & cheap enough to replace home computers. And at that
         | point, sheer prevalence started squeezing out home machines.
         | That world ended, more or less, with the Atari ST and the Amiga
         | 500 - because both of those were great, and both were niche
         | tools.
         | 
         | PCs were the thing that you could use for games _and_ work
         | stuff. It turns out  "getting stuff done" matters much more to
         | people than engaging in purity debates.
         | 
         | (Also relevant in this context:
         | https://www.dreamsongs.com/RiseOfWorseIsBetter.html)
        
         | AkBKukU wrote:
         | I am deeply steeped in the history of computers and the biggest
         | three things I can point to as the reason (MS-)DOS won are:
         | 
         | - Licensing: Most computers either had custom operating systems
         | that were not shared with other hardware vendors, or in the
         | case of BASIC frequently, were licensed themselves.
         | 
         | - IBM letting the genie out: The BIOS on the IBM PC 5150 was
         | cloned, quickly and legally, and other companies started making
         | compatibles. This caused an _explosion_ of computer variety in
         | a few short years for a single platform.
         | 
         | - Microsoft: DOS usually means "Microsoft DOS", Microsoft also
         | was responsible for many of the BASIC environments of early
         | systems as well. The ability to buy your OS from someone else
         | lowered the pressure on hardware makers. IBM also favoured
         | Micorsoft's DOS over CP/M-86 and stopped supporting it quickly.
         | 
         | All this meant the PC compatible ecosystem with Microsoft DOS
         | became easy to make from a hardware side, and lacked a single
         | point of failure like Apple, Radio Shack, Commodore. Atari,
         | etc. There were other MS-DOS compatible DOS's out there, but
         | MS-DOS was usually the one shipped with computers to be as "IBM
         | compatible" as they possibly could and gained dominance through
         | that.
         | 
         | EDIT: To those who may not be aware, BASIC did become more OS
         | like before going away. HP BASIC was extremely feature packed
         | before HP-UX replaced it and was more capable than MS-DOS in
         | many ways. It evolved far beyond just a programming language.
        
           | tcbawo wrote:
           | > This caused an explosion of computer variety in a few short
           | years for a single platform.
           | 
           | The impact of this point can not be overstated. 99% of
           | businesses make a much larger investment in software (and
           | people!) than hardware. The idea that compatible hardware
           | systems existed was a great hedge on their investment in
           | software. For most businesses, this would be a no-brainer!
           | 
           | Over a short time, other propietary/non-compatible systems
           | were relegated to home use, education, and gaming.
        
         | shrubble wrote:
         | First, IBM created an open standard which stuck due to their
         | size.
         | 
         | Then the killer app Lotus 123 came out and it didn't use Basic
         | and nothing you wrote in Basic could compete with 123 either.
         | 
         | My older brother bought a $4000 TI Professional computer, added
         | 123 and made enough to pay for it over 1 weekend (time
         | sensitive tax related documents for a real estate transaction).
         | He couldn't have done it with Basic.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | This and piracy was the kicker.
           | 
           | And the business machines companies paid $$$ for to get
           | access to 123 ended up at home a few years later as newer
           | machines entered the workforce.
        
         | pvg wrote:
         | DOS won because IBM PCs and PC compatibles won. Most of the
         | popular earlier 8 bitters had a merged REPL that did both BASIC
         | and 'operating system' interaction. So, for instance, on an
         | Apple ][, the default prompt put you in the BASIC REPL from
         | which you could also run the Apple DOS (later ProDOS, neither
         | related to MS DOS) commands.
        
           | spiderxxxx wrote:
           | True. DOS wasn't better, it's just the first OS I've used,
           | but CP/M works just fine and is easy to learn. Not that
           | that's relevant to this machine, it has no real OS, just a
           | basic system for managing the hardware.
        
         | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
         | Because DOS is a disk OS and BASIC is an interpreted
         | programming language.
         | 
         | The point of DOS isn't just the command line. It provides a set
         | of standard abstracted system calls that can be used by any
         | developer working in any language with a compatible compiler,
         | including assembler, to create any application.
         | 
         | A command line interpreter sits on top of the library for
         | immediate use, but that's just the part the user sees. The meat
         | of DOS is the function library.
         | 
         | BASIC doesn't work like that. It _is_ an application, and other
         | software can 't access its commands from outside. It was never
         | designed to allow that, and extending to it to make it possible
         | would have created a confusing, slow, inefficient, and
         | unreliable mess.
        
           | icedchai wrote:
           | Still, many 8-bit micros extended BASIC to provide a "shell"
           | for their DOS equivalent. For example, the Apple II with both
           | ProDOS and DOS 3.3. There was still an underlying DOS
           | library. It would've made sense for the PC to do the same,
           | given all the contemporary 8-bit systems.
        
         | deldelaney wrote:
         | Why DOS? 1) Gary Killdall thought too high and mighty of CP/M
         | (maybe rightly) while 2) Bill Gates had nothing to lose from
         | selling IBM what they needed to the new PC. Gates told them
         | what they wanted to hear, and he won. That dweeb was smart and
         | his dad being a lawyer taught him about contracts. He then sold
         | DOS to all the clones with a forced per CPU license, even if
         | MSDos wasn't sold with the Clone. Gates made bank early.
         | 
         | Interesting side note. It took years for PC users to gain
         | multi-user capabilities, mostly when with Novell connected
         | machines and brought file/record locking etc. And before the PC
         | multiuser was already in MP/M and Unix on machines like Altos
         | and Molecular Computer. Killdall would have probably got eht
         | market back if he hadn't died.
         | 
         | And fast forward today, deep down Windows still runs much DOS
         | code. Like Veeger it's morphed into Windows whatever.
        
           | jpitz wrote:
           | That was strongly true for a long time through Windows 9*,
           | but with Windows NT/2000 much less so as the core was
           | primarily influenced by David Cutler's experiences with VMS.
        
           | fortran77 wrote:
           | There's no DOS code running deep down in Windows. What do you
           | have to gain by saying these things?
        
         | jhallenworld wrote:
         | One reason is limited memory and address space- the in-memory
         | size of CP/M was something like 9K (including BIOS, BDOS and
         | CCP). BASIC is at least another 8K. If you are using CP/M as a
         | program loader, you don't want to waste that 8K.
         | 
         | Another is that BASIC was not extensible, at least not in any
         | standard way. But CP/M was: to add a command to CP/M, you just
         | add a .COM file of that name to the disk.
        
       | microtherion wrote:
       | My first sizable programming job in high school was with one of
       | these, I think. A special education teacher had written an app to
       | create a Blissymbolics <https://www.blissymbolics.org>
       | communicator and hired me to tune it up, because some of his more
       | prolific students had mastered more symbols than the app could
       | readily handle.
       | 
       | I spent quite some time with the machine, and felt it was fairly
       | capable for the time (my reference being CBM a.k.a. PET
       | desktops).
        
       | deldelaney wrote:
       | Yep cool, but the tiny screen was ridiculous and hard see, let
       | alone sell.
        
       | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
       | This is a weird take - dunking on a product from more than forty
       | years ago because it doesn't have modern ease of use.
       | 
       | It's like complaining a 1990s dumb phone wasn't an iPhone, or
       | that a 1920s string and canvas biplane wasn't a 1960s SR-71.
       | 
       | Yes, obviously, but why would anyone expect that?
        
       | squarefoot wrote:
       | "... the charging circuit is, to put it mildly, primitive. There
       | is no charging indicator. Nor is there a sign that the batteries
       | are fully charged. The HX-20 manual states that empty batteries
       | should be put on charge for 8 hours. Leaving them longer risks
       | damaging them, but without any way to tell that they are full
       | there is no way to be sure you've timed it right. "
       | 
       | This is normal for NiCd and later NiMH batteries. They're
       | recharged applying regulated (ideally constant) current for a
       | given time, and it's impossible to get a figure of their charge
       | status just by sampling their voltage like with Lithium cells,
       | which are dangerous indeed if abused, still much much easier to
       | recharge. The only known ways to check those cells status are to
       | either continuously sample the energy put in, or to intercept the
       | so called _delta V_ and _delta T_ , a very slight (millivolts)
       | decrease in cell voltage near the end of charge, paired with an
       | increase of temperature which indicates the cell can't store more
       | energy. This becomes even more difficult with battery packs, and
       | makes measuring their status very hard when charging, and
       | completely impossible if kept in use at the same time. Many
       | portable safety anti-blackout lamps from the 70s to the 90s used
       | NiCd and NiMH batteries, and many of them broke after some time
       | because they kept their batteries under constant charge.
        
       | jhallenworld wrote:
       | I used one long ago: I remember that, as with the TRS-80 model
       | 100, the keyboard was outstanding.
        
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