[HN Gopher] FDA clears first over-the-counter continuous glucose...
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       FDA clears first over-the-counter continuous glucose monitor
        
       Author : bookofjoe
       Score  : 379 points
       Date   : 2024-03-06 18:03 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.fda.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.fda.gov)
        
       | RobotToaster wrote:
       | So the ones already all over amazon aren't supposed to be there?
        
         | barelyauser wrote:
         | Amazon as a gateway to illegal or fraudulent products? Please,
         | a trillion dollar corporation must surely have professionals
         | watching this over.
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | I just searched for one and found
         | 
         | >Important information Legal Disclaimer : Statements regarding
         | dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are
         | not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease
         | or health condition.
         | 
         | At the very bottom of the description. That seems like complete
         | BS that shouldn't hold up, but I don't know.
        
           | mattl wrote:
           | That's on virtually every supplement website it seems.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | Sure, but a blood glucose monitor isn't a dietary
             | supplement. I think it's a bit dodgy that that kind of
             | disclaimer means anything for a dietary supplement in the
             | first place, but it certainly shouldn't apply to a medical
             | device.
        
               | mattl wrote:
               | Probably just placeholder text I'm sure.
               | 
               | Look at all the legalese at the bottom of
               | https://www.freestyle.abbott/us-en/home.html
        
         | Johnny555 wrote:
         | I don't see any non-prescription CGM's on Amazon, are you using
         | Amazon USA? I searched for "CGM" and "Continuous Glucose
         | Monitor", and only found test-strip devices and CGM devices on
         | Amazon Pharmacy available with prescription.
         | 
         | What search string are you using? Can you post one?
        
           | RobotToaster wrote:
           | I was using the UK site, that probably explains it.
           | 
           | Usually we lag behind the USA on approvals so just assumed if
           | it wasn't OTC there it won't be OTC here.
        
         | baby_souffle wrote:
         | > So the ones already all over amazon aren't supposed to be
         | there?
         | 
         | In the US, I only see the finger prick type. I do see the
         | FreeStyle Libre3 but it requires a prescription
        
       | coldpie wrote:
       | I'm T1D (insulin-dependent). I used a Dexcom for a couple years a
       | while ago, back around the G3 through G5 era or so. I ended up
       | stopping using it because my diabetes is very well managed, and I
       | found it didn't make a huge difference to my management. With my
       | insurance, each new sensor every week cost about $50, and would
       | fail in various annoying ways: sometimes it would just stop
       | working in the middle of the week, or not work at all from the
       | start, or disconnect randomly for a few hours. Each sensor also
       | used a ludicrous amount of plastic for its applicator, like a
       | tennis-ball-sized hunk of hard plastic, that you just chucked in
       | the trash, every week. Maybe things have improved, but it was a
       | bad combo of unreliable and expensive so I just quit using it and
       | went back to finger pokes.
       | 
       | If it were like $5 per week, I might put up with it. Maybe this
       | over-the-counter model will be affordable. We'll see, I guess.
        
         | mlsu wrote:
         | Dexcom and Freestyle both have options (G7, FSL2) that have a
         | much narrower form factor than the old sensors. They end up
         | being far more reliable, because the sensor doesn't dislodge.
         | The new Dexcom sensors are more accurate. Less drift and no
         | calibration.
         | 
         | Out of pocket cost is obviously your own situation but I think
         | anyone with T1 should look at them. For me they are life
         | changing, even moreso if you have a pump that can deliver based
         | on CGM readings.
         | 
         | Plastic waste situation is still bad.
        
           | coldpie wrote:
           | Glad to hear they're improving, though the waste situation is
           | bizarre. I will probably go back on one at some point, I
           | didn't hate it, just didn't feel it was worth the
           | cost/benefit ratio. It didn't impact my A1c, I've always been
           | in the low 6s, and I've only had two lows that I would
           | consider significant in my 25 years with the disease. Benefit
           | just wasn't there for the hassle and price.
        
             | mlsu wrote:
             | That is impressive control, especially with no CGM!
        
           | user_7832 wrote:
           | > The new Dexcom sensors are more accurate. Less drift and no
           | calibration.
           | 
           | As someone using a freestyle libre who's never calibrated,
           | how often do you need to calibrate it? Reason for asking is
           | that I'm likely to switch to the g6 if I go with the TSlim X2
           | for looping. TIA!
        
             | mlsu wrote:
             | No calibration is required for Dex G6/G7. I think you can
             | optionally calibrate the G6 but I never have nor have I
             | ever had to.
             | 
             | I am going to be biased: I both work on and use the t:slim
             | X2. It is well worth it, especially if covered by your
             | insurance. CIQ took me from ~70 to 85%, sometimes 90% time
             | in range; my understanding is that it's the best closed
             | loop algorithm out there currently.
             | 
             | Regardless of which pump you end up on, having a closed
             | loop system will significantly improve your control and
             | helps you get that extra little push from the 7's into the
             | 6's a1c range, which I'm sure you know is tricky to do
             | manually without lows.
        
               | user_7832 wrote:
               | Thanks! Hearing (I'm assuming) a fellow T1 using and
               | working on a TSlim is quite a good recommendation haha.
               | 
               | It's good to hear that calibration isn't really required.
               | 
               | My "concern" (or rather, apprehension) with the TSlim/G6
               | setup (which fortunately should be fully covered by Dutch
               | insurance) is that I'm aware I can do a DIY loop using
               | the omnipod dash and with a libre/g6 (using a 3rd party
               | app like diabox & nightscout if necessary). From what
               | I've heard TSlim does seem to be the best "official"/FDA
               | approved loop; however AndroidAPS looks very powerful and
               | probably has much finer tunings possible.
               | 
               | However my diabetic nurse is strongly against the
               | Dash/DIY setup, which is understandable (she isn't
               | familiar with it and can't guide me, I'm also close to
               | the 150u/3day limit, and it's my first time with a pump.)
               | 
               | For what it's worth an A1C of even 8 would unfortunately
               | be an improvement where I am :') so I'd rather be sure of
               | reaching say 7 rather than try aggressively for something
               | like 6.3 (which I had achieved in a distant era...). I
               | think I'll try the 1 year trial option if I can, the
               | thought of locking in a 4 year period feels quite long.
               | 
               | If you're familiar with them, what are your opinions on
               | diy loop setups? Do you have any other suggestions for
               | someone in my situation? Thanks a lot!
        
           | umvi wrote:
           | > The new Dexcom sensors are more accurate. Less drift and no
           | calibration.
           | 
           | I found the Dexcom G7 to be inaccurate by 10-20 mg/dL out of
           | the box. I have LADA, and G7 initially was giving me a very
           | rosy view of my blood glucose levels, until I started
           | pessimistically calibrating it with a finger prick glucose
           | monitor.
        
           | mjaniczek wrote:
           | > life changing
           | 
           | Yeah, seeing ~300 datapoints a day instead of 4 while
           | pricking your fingers is amazing QoL improvement. Dead
           | serious.
        
         | 1123581321 wrote:
         | I think your experience was unusual in that you had so many
         | failures (hopefully you at least got your broken sensors
         | replaced for free; both Dexcom and Libre do this) and that you
         | are good at managing your diabetes without many measurements.
         | 
         | The out-of-pocket expense can certainly be rough; I use Libre
         | right now because my Dexcom out-of-pocket would be similar to
         | yours and Libre is a third.
         | 
         | I lend my CGM to people to who are possibly prediabetic. I'm
         | very glad I can point them to an OTC solution now.
        
         | Etheryte wrote:
         | The plastic waste issue is one of the first things that usually
         | comes up around this topic regardless of who you ask. It's such
         | a shame because it's not like you have many options unless
         | you're comfortable going without sensors.
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | > Each sensor also used a ludicrous amount of plastic for its
         | applicator, like a tennis-ball-sized hunk of hard plastic, that
         | you just chucked in the trash, every week.
         | 
         | Erm, let's be a little defensible here.
         | 
         | These sensors have to be stored in sterile packaging--that
         | means thick enough to be a barrier. That means it also has to
         | hold the sensor in such a way that a palette can be gamma
         | irradiated. It also needs to be resistant to drops, crushes,
         | and other accidents.
         | 
         | The sensor has to not be harmful with organisms irrespective of
         | the understanding of the person using it. Any change to that
         | packaging has to be re-evaluated for effects on that
         | sterilization.
         | 
         | And while I understand people having concerns, if the only
         | reason we needed to use plastic was to treat folks with
         | diabetes--I think the world would somehow manage.
        
           | coldpie wrote:
           | Eh, maybe, but the bulk of the applicator is just empty
           | plastic molded to fit an adult's hand. I have to believe they
           | could figure something less wasteful out (reusable
           | applicator?) if they wanted or needed to. Regardless, it was
           | just another downside for me weighed against the relatively
           | few upsides that made me quit using it. It felt terrible to
           | chuck all that in the trash, especially when I'd have to do
           | it two days in a row because a sensor failed.
           | 
           | [1] https://fm.cnbc.com/applications/cnbc.com/resources/img/e
           | dit...
        
             | thecosas wrote:
             | T1D currently using G6 / Omnipod Dash / open source Loop
             | app.
             | 
             | The worst is every 90 days when I get a new G6 transmitter.
             | It comes in a box the size of Two video tapes stacked on
             | top of each other. I've tried reaching out to my mail-order
             | pharmacy about it since I know there are smaller versions
             | of it (or used to be), but nothing yet.
             | 
             | From what I've seen, the packaging for Dexcom G7 and it's
             | applicator seems much smaller than G6's.
             | 
             | Side note: That applicator for G4 instilled fear every time
             | I had to use it and I was already 20 years into T1D by
             | then. The spring loaded applicators in G6/G7 are a big
             | improvement as far as end user experience IMO :-)
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | Hahaha, the huge syringe thing? That was pretty wild! The
               | spring ones felt like putting a needle to a balloon
               | though, always made me tense when I was putting one on.
               | 
               | Yeah the Dexcom stuff always felt like they were going
               | for super-premium Packaging Experience. But after the
               | first couple weeks that wears thin, and now you've got
               | all this crap to throw away. Like, guys, my pen needles
               | come in a dense little cardboard box and it's totally
               | fine. Chill out with the packaging.
        
               | thecosas wrote:
               | "Let me just hyperventilate really quick before I
               | literally plunger this thing into my body" was always how
               | it felt lol.
               | 
               | Agreed that it's gotten old, especially if I'm traveling
               | somewhere. Needing to cart what you needed (plus backups
               | of course) ends up taking up a surprising amount of
               | space.
               | 
               | I will say that making the switch from a tubed pump
               | (t:slim) to a tubeless (omnipod), it's _drastically_ cut
               | down on the waste for pump stuff at least.
        
         | eitally wrote:
         | fwiw, my wife uses Freestyle Libre 3 and the with-insurance
         | cost every two weeks is about $40. Whenever she's had one fail
         | (which seems to be about 1:10), Abbott has replaced it free of
         | charge and sent a pre-paid label so she can return the failed
         | device for QA review.
        
           | coldpie wrote:
           | Yeah, I feel like prices are on a downward trend the last
           | couple years, which is great. For me personally, I try to
           | spend absolutely as little time and effort as possible
           | thinking about my diabetes. So having to call the
           | manufacturer or fill out forms and receive a package (more
           | waste) and ship a thing back (even more waste) is just too
           | much time and effort for me to want to bother. I hope they
           | keep improving, it's cool tech and I'd like to like it. Just
           | not there yet.
        
         | cadr wrote:
         | I just started with the G6 (still using it), and when I started
         | I'd have that sometimes. Whatever they changed in the past year
         | or so, it has gotten _waaaaay_ better. (They would always
         | replace them if they failed early, but was still a huge pain.)
         | I 'm exited to move to the G7 (mainly because of the shorter
         | warmup time).
         | 
         | Also, pairing it with the Omnipod 5 is just next level. Closed
         | loop. Never having to inject in public. No tubes.
        
           | lewismenelaws wrote:
           | I have the G7 and it's incredible. On a medtronic pump...
           | wanting to switch asap
        
             | cadr wrote:
             | The omnipod isn't setup with the g6 yet. Can't wait.
        
               | T1DTech wrote:
               | I think you mean G7.
        
         | micro_cam wrote:
         | The g7 is definitely a bit better on all counts except maybe
         | bluetooth reliability. I use them with [open source closed
         | loop](https://loopkit.github.io/loopdocs/) insulin pump
         | software and it is pretty great.
         | 
         | Still a lot of plastic but the sensor comes in a smaller
         | jar/applicator in a cardboard box and it pretty reliably lasts
         | 10 days cutting down waste.
         | 
         | It sounds like this new sensor is just a g7 but with less
         | stringent accuracy standards for non insulin users allowing it
         | to last 15 days.
        
       | post_break wrote:
       | Can we do CPAP machines next?
        
         | polishdude20 wrote:
         | Technically you can buy them on Facebook marketplace,
         | craigslist etc
        
           | asow92 wrote:
           | Something about a used CPAP machine raises my yuck alarm
        
           | akulbe wrote:
           | Not really. It's against ToS in both cases, to sell used
           | medical equipment.
        
             | bookofjoe wrote:
             | Yet renting medical equipment is a flourishing business, at
             | least in the U.S.
        
         | dumbfounder wrote:
         | I had to buy one for a friend. But then he ordered a new one
         | and all he had to do was send them a picture of his old one
         | (after some persistence). It's ridiculous.
        
         | electriclove wrote:
         | And contact lenses too!
        
       | bookofjoe wrote:
       | >Continuous Glucose Monitoring
       | 
       | https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overvi...
        
       | 005 wrote:
       | I don't think this is particularly special. In other countries
       | it's possible to obtain Dexcom's current line up by purchasing it
       | online (G6, ONE, G7) and other brands too like Abbott's Freestyle
       | Libre.
       | 
       | It seems like this is a stripped down version of the G7 (albeit
       | with a longer wear time) as the ONE is a stripped down version of
       | the G6.
        
         | ethanbond wrote:
         | "In other countries"... right... opening it up to a market of
         | 340 million people with rampant metabolic problems is what's
         | special about it.
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | Hopefully they are cheaper than the copay on the Libre 3 sensors.
        
       | rkagerer wrote:
       | When your smartphone becomes a critical health device to
       | support/treat a condition I wonder how that will impact case law
       | around things like police confiscation.
        
         | uxamanda wrote:
         | Interesting, never thought about that. Also wonder what happens
         | in Airplane mode / poor reception?
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | CGMs use bluetooth
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | Bluetooth has a terrible reputation around reliability. :(
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | In the loop community (CGM+insuling pump) you usually
               | have a list of phones that work well with Bluetooth. Yes
               | that changes when the phones get new powersaving settings
               | and driver updates, usually it works well on good phones.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | Yeah, that sounds like a practical approach for dealing
               | with it. :)
        
           | shanselman wrote:
           | it's all BLE and works great on an airplane as long as BT is
           | on
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | What happens when an officer confiscates your glucose monitor
         | today? I assume you die and they claim they did it for some
         | valid reason or the other.
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | Or just withholding the insulin itself:
           | https://www.thenation.com/article/society/diabetes-police/
        
             | mlsu wrote:
             | Wow, that article is wild. For those who are not aware,
             | ketoacidosis is when your body metabolizes fat for energy
             | in the absence of insulin. This produces byproducts
             | (keytone bodies) that raise the pH of the blood.
             | 
             | So, having ketoacidosis feels like having your blood turn
             | to acid. Death from ketoacidosis is an excruciating death.
             | Fermenting from the inside out as your heart pumps your
             | increasingly acidic blood through your entire body. You're
             | technically starving, so you're hungry, but at the same
             | time your body is trying to expel glucose at all costs, so
             | everything you look at makes you sick.
             | 
             | Extended periods of high blood glucose and lack of insulin
             | especially is up there as one of the most uncomfortable
             | things I've ever experienced personally. Just unimaginable
             | cruelty.
        
               | thecosas wrote:
               | Can confirm, feels like crap.
        
           | bschne wrote:
           | Yes, but you can't easily use your non-smartphone glucose
           | monitor as a communications device to manage a bunch of drug
           | dealers which can't be confiscated because your life depends
           | on it. That changes once it's your smartphone.
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | See, my point is that they'll do it already when it's not
             | even reasonable to do so. So when they take your phone
             | away, which can be done so more credibly, why would you
             | expect more protections?
        
               | bschne wrote:
               | Do they? I'm not aware of cases (but generally not up to
               | date on topics like this, genuinely curious)
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | Call it malice or ignorance, it is hard to tell. I have
               | personally visited someone who did not get insulin for a
               | whole night in jail, ended up with extremly high blood
               | sugar (DKA) (s)he had to be hospitilized for three days.
               | There were no penalties for the officers.
               | 
               | Basically someone with diabetes can seem to be a very
               | unhealthy and drunk person, and people do not tend to
               | take these people serisouly.
        
           | mft_ wrote:
           | Type 1 diabetics have been managing their insulin for decades
           | with occasional blood sugar testing - i.e. certainly not
           | testing for every dose. They'd be fine to manage things for a
           | period without a confiscated monitor.
        
             | smt88 wrote:
             | There are people who connect insulin pumps to their CGM.
             | There will be situations where people can't quickly switch
             | to manual BG management after setting up an automated
             | solution.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | > They'd be fine to manage things for a period without a
             | confiscated monitor.
             | 
             | That could go very wrongly if they're already at the end of
             | the safety period when they're grabbed by the cops.
        
             | sunshinesnacks wrote:
             | > They'd be fine...
             | 
             | But before long there will be diabetics that never really
             | learned to do that because they never had to. Even people
             | that have done that for decades still mess up dosing
             | sometimes.
             | 
             | How likely is it that someone might die? I don't know. But
             | saying they will be fine might not be fair.
        
             | bradleyy wrote:
             | Hi, Type 1 diabetic here.
             | 
             | I can fast for days, my blood sugar does not go down.
             | 
             | On my last 4 day fast, my blood sugar stayed within about
             | 20Mg/Dl.
             | 
             | And no, I cannot manage without my medical devices. Or are
             | you telling me that I should fast for the entirety of
             | police custody?
        
             | user_7832 wrote:
             | > Type 1 diabetics have been managing their insulin for
             | decades with occasional blood sugar testing - i.e.
             | certainly not testing for every dose. They'd be fine to
             | manage things for a period without a confiscated monitor.
             | 
             | This is similar to saying "X person can survive without y
             | medicine which has only been around for 10 years". Or
             | "people survived fine without seatbelts for so many years".
             | 
             | That's a classic survivorship bias, because a ton of
             | diabetics _didn 't_ survive, who'd possibly have a much
             | higher chance of surviving today with current tech. Heck, I
             | _personally_ know the brother of a late diabetic who would
             | 've been alive today if he had a phone connected to a CGM
             | because of it's low glucose alarm function.
             | 
             | I understand HN is a place for discussion, but in
             | potentially deadly situations like this, it's worth
             | avoiding to make statements against medical care.
        
           | smileysteve wrote:
           | They jail you, give you low quality food, and eventually the
           | jailer may send a medical team to manage your type 2 diabetes
           | -- most likely with a finger prick and test strip; and
           | they'll give you dietary guidelines that the jail/prison food
           | doesn't satisfy.
           | 
           | US version; (oh, and they'll charge you for the medical care)
        
         | reaperman wrote:
         | Sadly it will probably receive very little consideration.
        
           | contravariant wrote:
           | There's a reason most regulations are written in blood.
        
             | BelleOfTheBall wrote:
             | While there is usually some big case that then defines
             | things like this, I'm worried whether any incidents of a
             | person dying or developing life-threatening issues due
             | their phone being confiscated will change much. We've
             | historically erred on the side of police exercising their
             | power to enforce laws.
        
         | huytersd wrote:
         | The cops will probably deliberately keep it from you as a
         | threat.
        
         | eitally wrote:
         | Software as a Medical Device has been a regulated "thing" for
         | years now, and in this case the Abbott Freestyle _app_ is a
         | mandatory requirement for the CGM To function. If the app can
         | 't connect to the CGM, the thing will make your phone beep
         | incessantly. Similarly, if your blood glucose levels exceed
         | "safe" thresholds, it will alert at full volume in a way you
         | are not allowed to override. Frankly, this is as it should be,
         | but it does indeed convolute things when the device interface
         | (phone) is used for so much more, too.
        
       | lacoolj wrote:
       | inb4 apple watch integration
        
         | asow92 wrote:
         | I'll be buying that apple watch if it ever gets here
        
           | cadr wrote:
           | https://www.massdevice.com/dexcom-direct-to-watch-g7-cgm/
           | 
           | (There is already an app to show on the watch, but you still
           | need the phone in the loop - this is directly to the watch
           | without the phone.)
        
         | bradleyy wrote:
         | Dexcom already has an integration; are you talking about
         | hardware?
        
           | mattl wrote:
           | Yeah, it would be great if the watch could just do this for
           | you, instead of needing to buy a new sensor every 14 days.
        
             | thecosas wrote:
             | Based on everything I've seen so far, the technology for
             | non-invasive glucose monitoring is still far away.
             | Recently, the FDA even released a warning that any
             | companies claiming they could are misleading people [1][2].
             | 
             | Don't get me wrong; I have had T1D for 30+ years and would
             | love to have reliable, non-invasive, glucose monitoring on
             | my wrist.
             | 
             | We've come so far already from a finger stick that would
             | take 2 minutes to get a result. Have hope :-)
             | 
             | [1] https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/safety-
             | communications/do...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.theverge.com/2024/2/21/24079495/smartwatch-
             | smart...
        
       | gamepsys wrote:
       | I like this trend of the FDA making more and more things OTC.
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | Don't be fooled by the reason though
         | 
         | > The markup on OTC products is generally higher than on
         | prescription medications.
         | 
         | https://www.eposnow.com/us/resources/how-do-pharmacies-
         | make-....
        
           | nickthegreek wrote:
           | For medical products though, it seems great. OTC hearing aids
           | are a big win for society.
        
           | LordKeren wrote:
           | I have an extremely hard time buying into the idea that that
           | the reason for making glucose monitors available over the
           | counter is simply to increase the profit margins of drug
           | stores.
        
           | reaperman wrote:
           | I haven't noticed this as a consumer in the context we're
           | talking right now. I think that article is measuring the
           | difference between OTC and pharmacy pricing _after_ a drug is
           | approved OTC. But it is not looking at prices pre- vs. post-
           | OTC approval.
           | 
           | Olopatadine eye drops are amazing for allergy season, and
           | they used to be like $250-400/bottle just 5 years ago or so,
           | even the generic version. Then they went OTC for like
           | $10/bottle.
           | 
           | This pricing difference might be true for things that are
           | already mostly cheap, like Omeprazole -- where branding on
           | consumer products drives OTC markup, but consumers don't pick
           | the brand when doctors prescribe it and the pharmacy just
           | gives them whatever cheapest generic they have in the back
           | that they negotiated excellent pricing on.
           | 
           | Though you can easily close the gap on these prices by
           | shopping for the store-brand generics at Costco, Walmart,
           | Sam's Club, etc.
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | It turns out when you strip out as much of the billing
             | bureaucracy as possible, that things become cheaper.
        
               | reaperman wrote:
               | I think "captive market" probably contributes more than
               | "billing bureaucracy" ... the billing is still the same
               | issue after the generics have gotten OTC approval for
               | doctor prescriptions filled by a pharmacist. It's still
               | very common for doctors to prescribe, and pharmacists to
               | fill OTC drugs, and the payments go through the same
               | insurance company red tape as any other Rx.
               | 
               | And yet, the article from GP shows that the added cost of
               | this insurance billing bureaucracy is still less than the
               | added cost of consumer shelf-branding markups.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | > "CGMs can be a powerful tool to help monitor blood glucose.
           | Today's clearance expands access to these devices by allowing
           | individuals to purchase a CGM without the involvement of a
           | health care provider," said Jeff Shuren, M.D., J.D., director
           | of the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health.
           | "Giving more individuals valuable information about their
           | health, regardless of their access to a doctor or health
           | insurance, is an important step forward in advancing health
           | equity for U.S. patients."
           | 
           | Says nothing about it being cheaper; and honestly, taking the
           | requirement to see a doctor out of it may end up reducing the
           | total cost for a patient anyways.
        
           | crakenzak wrote:
           | Is the FDA capturing any of that markup somehow? I fail to
           | see how it would impact their decision process on approving
           | if it had no impact on their incentives.
        
         | drdaeman wrote:
         | I don't get why things like CGMs require a prescription. It's
         | just a kind of a wearable sensor. While typically only a
         | diabetic person would need it, I fail to see any harm for any
         | adult human if they get curious and want to stick one.
         | 
         | There are odd things like glasses or CPAP machine prescriptions
         | - but at least I understand it's theoretically possible to
         | cause some harm to oneself with those, if someone is really
         | uneducated, reckless or stupid. With a CGM I just can't think
         | of a sensible scenario. Except for the really stupid ones, but
         | then a simple kitchen fork is a four times worse hazard.
        
       | csours wrote:
       | I wish Theranos had worked on a more reasonable goal - like an
       | implantable CGM.
       | 
       | I had T2D, well controlled now, my A1C is below the diabetic
       | diagnostic range.
       | 
       | I used CGMs, and they taught me a lot about how my body reacted
       | to food and exercise.
       | 
       | But I sweat a lot and they would always fall off, halving the
       | useful life of each monitor. I would probably still use them from
       | time to time if they didn't sweat off; and if an implantable
       | version was available for a reasonable price (under $500, with no
       | ongoing costs), I'd probably get it.
       | 
       | I feel like a lot of prediabetic people could learn a lot about
       | their situation with this. I think this is a very good thing.
        
         | guidopallemans wrote:
         | I used to have this problem as well, so I talked it over at my
         | endo office. They suggested that I order some specially shaped
         | stickers to keep them on, but instead I just bought some
         | Kinesiology Tape (hansaplast, but also exists store-brand).
         | 10cm of that works perfectly, even for heavy contact sports
         | combined with sweating (and many showers).
        
           | mapkkk wrote:
           | Just make sure you cut a small circle from the tape overlying
           | the breather hole of the sensor - that hole serves to let
           | moisture buildup from underneath the sensor escape.
        
           | csours wrote:
           | Yup, I tried this. I sweat A LOT
        
             | crimsontech wrote:
             | I tried different tapes, Kinesiology tape didn't stick for
             | me but Hypafix did, I can't get this stuff off without
             | soaking it.
             | 
             | If you ever want to give it another go, try Hypafix. I tore
             | my skin the first time and quickly learned to soak it and
             | use soap to remove the GCM.
        
         | T1DTech wrote:
         | Eversense is implantable, but you have to have a healthcare
         | provider insert it and remove it. So mini surgery every six
         | months. I'll pass.
        
       | philsnow wrote:
       | I dove into CGMs a little bit about a year ago, mostly just for
       | fun. Yes, I paid money to some online prescription mill for CGMs
       | (Abbott Freestyle Libre 3, IIRC), and then put one in my arm (the
       | applicator is a short syringe section that has the monitor tube
       | threaded into it, so the tube stays in your arm and your skin
       | under the monitor remains broken) for a couple weeks. Just to see
       | how various foods would affect my blood glucose, to see whether
       | the "facts" I'm telling my kids about the glycemic index of
       | various foods actually has the expected impact on a measurable
       | result. You know, as you do. For fun.
       | 
       | (It actually _was_ fun, and I'll do it again when the data
       | ecosystem improves.)
        
         | hasty_pudding wrote:
         | I would love to see the results of that!
        
         | haswell wrote:
         | Aside from the fun, how did it go? Find anything surprising or
         | insightful in the process?
         | 
         | It sounds like an experiment I'd like to do for the purpose of
         | optimizing my daily habits and establishing a better mental
         | model for how my eating habits impact me throughout the day.
         | But I really dislike needles.
        
           | smt88 wrote:
           | If the needle in the CGM bothers you, don't let it. It's a
           | quick, painless jab with a tiny needle at the beginning and
           | then the needle comes out. The part that stays in your body
           | is just a flexible filament made of plastic.
           | 
           | I did this experiment as well, and the main thing it did was
           | completely stop me from snacking. My habits got better
           | because I could see how my BG could never return to baseline
           | if I allowed myself to snack between meals.
           | 
           | Other than that, it was also interesting to see certain
           | things would badly spike my BG and other things wouldn't, and
           | they weren't always what you'd expect. A lot of "keto" and
           | "diabetic-friendly" products are terrible for most people's
           | BG and were for mine. I found that some things, like black
           | tea, actually made my BG drop as well.
           | 
           | Overall it's worth doing at least once.
        
             | coffeebeqn wrote:
             | Where do you put the needle thing? Does it get in the way
             | of everyday things?
        
               | singlow wrote:
               | Typically it is on the back of the upper arm where it is
               | covered by a short sleeve shirt. Generally it does not
               | get in the way.
        
               | RecycledEle wrote:
               | I also use a piece of kinesiology tape to make sure my
               | CGM does not fall off.
        
               | Aqua_Geek wrote:
               | The sensor typically goes on the back of your upper arm
               | (your tricep). You can accidentally bump into things with
               | it, but it was infrequent enough that it didn't bother
               | me.
               | 
               | The needle is only used in the application of the sensor.
               | It's spring-loaded and retracts after the sensor is
               | attached. I hate needles, but I found that the tape on
               | the sensor provided enough stimuli to overwhelm my brain
               | and not really feel the needle when it went in.
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | No it never gets in the way. I would not recommend doing
               | it unless you are a diabetic, the results are not that
               | interesting. It took me two years to get used to smacking
               | that needle into the upper arm/stomach/leg, spending up
               | to 20 min -40 min getting over the fear was not a fun
               | time.
        
               | RecycledEle wrote:
               | I feel for anyone who has both diabetes and a fear of
               | needles.
               | 
               | Having said that, it's no bug deal for 90% of people.
        
               | Projectiboga wrote:
               | T1D here, needles are nothing compared to everything else
               | an insulin dependent diabetic deals with. I guess only
               | maybe 1 out of less than 100 shots hurt that much. It
               | only happens when a nerve bundle is hit, then it smarts
               | but it is still less bad than either high, or low blood
               | sugar as well as how insane most every part of American
               | 'health care' is. The main tricks for comfort are go with
               | 29 gauge not the narrower more fragile types with the
               | higher number gauges. The narrower ones have more fragile
               | needle points and they can get damaged by bending during
               | the insertion into the bottle. The other trick is to make
               | sure the alcohol is dry before you take the shot.
        
               | RecycledEle wrote:
               | The needle stick a flexible tube in a few mm, then the
               | needle pulls out.
               | 
               | Think of it as a 5mm thick patch and ignore the tiny tube
               | sucking your blood.
        
               | xen2xen1 wrote:
               | I keep mine on the front of my upper arm, where I
               | automatically notice and protect it. The back of my arm
               | usually means it's off in a few hours.
        
             | TaylorAlexander wrote:
             | My understanding is that for healthy individuals, spiking
             | blood glucose levels is not a problem. Did you get in to
             | any of the research on that? Glucose is a problem for
             | diabetics because they can't regulate it, but healthy
             | people can. At least this is loosely what I have heard,
             | somewhat third hand. Any information is appreciated.
        
               | pie420 wrote:
               | Not a doctor, but from what I have seen, there is a
               | healthy amount of spiking from eating normal foods, but
               | our modern diets are so sugar and carb heavy that the
               | glucose spikes are way outside the range that our bodies
               | evolved to handle. Hunter gatherers would maybe eat some
               | berries here (much smaller and less sweet than modern
               | berries) and there. The modern human eating pizza, tons
               | of bread, ice cream, soda, etc. creates such massive
               | glucose spikes that they are unhealthy and unsustainable
               | for the pancreas to handle for 60+ years.
               | 
               | Again, not a doctor and not sure if this is accurate, but
               | this is my very limited understanding
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | _> Hunter gatherers would maybe eat some berries here
               | (much smaller and less sweet than modern berries) and
               | there._
               | 
               | Archaic humans had access to plenty of wild fruit that
               | were high in sugar and tubers that were high in complex
               | carbs. They even had access to concentrated forms of
               | sugar like sugarcane and honey.
               | 
               | They obviously didn't have refined sugars in everything
               | they eat like we do but that they had access to limited
               | sugar in the form of berries is a persistent myth. They
               | would have been exposed to large glucose spikes regularly
               | whenever they came upon a new tree that was in season
               | while migrating.
        
               | amenghra wrote:
               | We live 2x-3x longer than we used to. We should take the
               | best possible care of our bodies.
        
               | CadmiumYellow wrote:
               | Not to mention humans 150 years ago who ate plenty of
               | bread and still didn't have the problems we have with
               | obesity and diabetes. Or even 50 years ago...
        
               | cableshaft wrote:
               | They also moved around more than most people do today.
               | Most of us are stuck sitting pretty much all day in front
               | of a computer.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | I have better life expectancy then them.
        
               | anorwell wrote:
               | The longevity people think that blood glucose levels are
               | an important predictor for rate of (biological) aging.
               | See e.g. https://www.lifespan.io/topic/blood-glucose-is-
               | a-biomarker-o...
        
               | pcorsaro wrote:
               | I'm not the OP, but I had a CGM several times through
               | Levels. I can tell you that the major spikes (glucose
               | over 200 after sitting between 80-90) really made me feel
               | like shit. The 2 times I can remember it getting that
               | high were when I had too much sushi, and a huge bowl with
               | white rice from Chipotle. Brown rice never seemed to
               | spike me nearly as bad, especially if paired with
               | something high in fiber like black/brown beans. From a
               | long term health perspective, I have no idea if it's a
               | problem or not. I didn't like how bigger spikes felt, so
               | there's probably something to it being bad for you long
               | term. Obviously the more often you spike as a "healthy"
               | person, the less sensitive your body is to insulin.
               | Staying even on my glucose levels is always where I felt
               | the best.
        
               | T1DTech wrote:
               | With Type 1 Diabetes, your pancreas is no longer
               | producing insulin, with Type 2, it's typically that it's
               | not producing enough insulin. My child is healthy, but
               | his pancreas stopped producing insulin years ago. He
               | lives with T1D.
        
             | haswell wrote:
             | That's good to know. I think my aversion to needles is so
             | strong that it stopped me from going beyond basic research.
             | Bad on me.
             | 
             | But this does sounds like an interesting thing to try, if
             | only to get a better idea of how my body works.
             | 
             | I've been tracking walking vs. resting heart rate, HRV,
             | blood oxygen levels, and sleep for a few years using the
             | Apple Watch, and while I know these measurements are
             | imperfect, they've helped me better understand the impact
             | of certain choices.
             | 
             | There's something that seems really beneficial about
             | feeding my brain data about myself as a way to do the
             | healthier things I've always wanted to want to do. The more
             | data I have, the easier it feels to implement positive
             | habit changes in a way that doesn't involve sheer
             | willpower. There's something very satisfying about seeing
             | the very tangible changes on a graph over time that
             | indicate better health, even when it doesn't feel like the
             | changes have done anything noticeable yet.
        
           | pastage wrote:
           | If you want to know more about it you can just read about how
           | diabetics treat different foods. Short version; high GI is
           | fast high blood sugar, lots fat and sugar can results long
           | period of with high blood sugars.
           | 
           | It is a CGM more or less what you would expect, insulin is
           | the only hormone that lowers blood sugar, then you have all
           | the stress hormones that raise it like adrenalin, growth
           | hormone and cortisol plus glucagon for long time storage of
           | sugars in the body. So measuring blood sugar with a CGM gives
           | you a value between 2.9-13.5 mmol/liter that is supposed to
           | give you picture of a rather complex system. A CGM also needs
           | perfect access to your free flowing blood which in it self is
           | a difficult task.
        
             | haswell wrote:
             | I'm more curious about the experience a non-diabetic person
             | has. For one, the purpose of using the device is quite
             | different, and not related to a life threatening situation.
             | And because the focus isn't to manage this specific issue,
             | the insights and potential utility seem like they'd be of
             | an entirely different variety.
             | 
             | e.g. I know that the things I eat impact my blood sugar,
             | but don't have the same kind of intimate awareness a
             | diabetic person would have, nor would the changes in my
             | levels have the same meaning/impact.
             | 
             | Put another way, and setting aside the issue of
             | oversimplifying a complex system (so is measuring RHR, HRV,
             | blood oxygen, etc.), the benefit of CGM for a diabetic
             | person is obvious. The benefit of CGM for a curious person
             | less so.
        
               | Projectiboga wrote:
               | Main benefit is more data, only work is to accurately log
               | meals and activity.
        
           | galago wrote:
           | Freestyle Libre 3 only has a plastic filament and the plastic
           | applicator pushes it in without pain. Very different than
           | metal lancets (stick test). I can't feel it at all when its
           | in the back of my arm. If I were worried about sweating too
           | much and it not sticking I would get one of the third party
           | over-patches that create a lager adhesive area. I might do
           | that in the Summer.
        
             | spc476 wrote:
             | My girlfriend uses the Libre 3 and I was wondering how it
             | worked with just that plastic filament. She doesn't feel it
             | at all when I apply it. We found that if she washes the
             | area with soap and then just relaxes her arm and lets it
             | hang freely, I apply it to the back upper arm, it just
             | stays on and doesn't get in the way.
        
           | crimsontech wrote:
           | I did it for fun about a year ago and found out I had T2
           | diabetes.
           | 
           | I was shocked but obviously glad I found out. I use them from
           | time to time just to see how I'm doing and how different
           | foods (and amounts of them) impact me.
           | 
           | I found I can control it through diet alone and exercising
           | when there is a spike by using a GCM for the constant
           | feedback.
           | 
           | They are very expensive here though (UK) and my doctor won't
           | prescribe me one because metformin is cheaper, so it's not
           | something I can use all the time.
           | 
           | I hate needles, this really isn't like a needle though, it's
           | a small filament which sits just under your skin, you can't
           | feel it, I thought it hadn't gone in until I saw the reading
           | appear on my phone.
           | 
           | Some things I found out besides what foods and amounts give
           | me big spikes are that I have a blood glucose spike in the
           | morning just before I wake up, and that if I eat a small
           | enough portion of white rice, ice cream, bread, whatever I
           | can reduce the spike quickly by going for a walk. If I had a
           | lot though, a walk isn't going to help.
        
         | itpragmatik wrote:
         | At least for me the readings that it shows are not accurate
         | (when verified with old style finger pricking glucose
         | monitoring machine). These CGMs are good for knowing the
         | general variability of glucose level in your blood based on
         | your diet exercise etc; I don't trust the absolute numbers from
         | CGM like Freestyle Libre - haven't used any other one though
         | yet.
        
           | reaperman wrote:
           | It would be interesting to see whether a group of 20-100
           | people could manually calibrate their readings by fitting
           | their CGM readings to their fingerprick glucose readers. I
           | wonder what the accuracy would be after a very basic personal
           | curve fit.
           | 
           | I do this with a lot of consumer measurement devices. Both
           | for thermometers and scales (food, human, and cheap 0.1mg
           | scales). As well as thermostats, like the kitchen oven. I
           | also do it for my multimeters. I validate my volumetric
           | measuring cups/spoons by weighing water in them but I don't
           | correct them, just return if they're way off.
           | 
           | It's okay if the reading is off as long as I can correct it
           | the same way every time and get a pretty accurate result.
        
             | alright2565 wrote:
             | Calibrating my scales and thermometers would be nice. What
             | procedure do you use for it? is it documented online
             | anywhere?
        
               | reaperman wrote:
               | I basically use an Excel sheet. Make a scatter plot of
               | the "true" values on one axis, and the "measured
               | (slightly wrong)" values on another axis. Then do best-
               | fit to y=mx+b and manually adjust it according to that
               | equation using my phone calculator in the future.
               | 
               | Some classically trained engineers may tell you the
               | "true" value should always be plotted on the x-axis as it
               | is often considered to be the more "independent"
               | variable...but this is highly debatable, and you can skip
               | some simple algebra later if you put the measured value
               | on the x-axis. Then look at the shape of the scatter
               | plot. _Ideally_ it will be linear, so you ask Excel to do
               | a linear curve fit (y=m*x+b). Write this on the scale,
               | and now whenever you take a measurement on the scale,
               | whip out your phone and do  "measured_value * _m_ + _b_
               | ". And that's your true value. If it's not a linear fit
               | (quadratic, log, etc) ... that's interesting, and often
               | it's likely "wrong", but also "it is what it is".
               | Classically trained engineers will say you have to do a
               | linear fit if that's what the theory says is appropriate,
               | but for one-off home device calibration...do whatever
               | works for you. Just as long as you don't overfit with
               | some stupid 4, 5, 6, etc-term equation. Any reasonably
               | simple equation with 2-3 terms is fine IMHO.
               | 
               | I use a set of heavy objects whose mass I know fairly
               | precisely. They're not perfectly 10.000lbs, 20.000lbs,
               | etc ... they're just "around 10lbs, around 20lbs" and
               | I've used a good actually-calibrated scale (at work, some
               | commercial business with calibrated scales that you can
               | access, whatever) to weigh them and wrote their weights
               | in sharpie on a piece of tape stuck to the objects.
               | Ideally you'd go for around 10% increments. If the scale
               | can weigh 400lbs, that would be every 40 lbs or so. But
               | it really doesn't matter as long as you have enough good
               | points around the range you truly intend to measure, and
               | then a few outside of that target range at semi-regular
               | intervals.
               | 
               | For my 0.1mg-resolution mass balance I have some actual
               | calibration weights, but they're a relatively affordable
               | OIML "M1" class, and did not come with expensive
               | calibration certificates. The OIML tolerance ratings go
               | E1, E2, F1, F2, M1, M2, M3 (from best to worst). For a
               | 100g test weight, M1 precision gets you +/- 0.005g,
               | guaranteed, for $50 ($135 if you want a calibration
               | certificate). E1 gets you +/- 0.00005g at 100g test
               | weight, for $500 ($1200 with cal cert). For smaller
               | calibration weights like 10mg you'll generally want to go
               | a step up from M1 (+/- 0.25mg) to F2 (+/- 0.08mg) for
               | about $27.
               | 
               | For temperature, it's a bit trickier because the only
               | "true" temperatures you can create are -6degF/-21degC and
               | 228degF/109degC. If these temperatures are helpful to
               | you, you can create them by pouring shitloads of salt in
               | water and stirring+heating it until no more salt will
               | dissolve and you just have a pile of salt in the bottom
               | of the container. You can try to go for "0degC/100degC"
               | using distilled water and it would probably be close
               | enough but you can't know it exactly unless you use super
               | pure de-ionized water and use extremely absurd lab
               | technique (usually involving washing your glassware and
               | tools with de-ionized water over and over for several
               | days straight to get rid of trace contaminants).
               | 
               | So instead, to get "true" temperature in the range I care
               | about, I use some thermocouples attached to a high-
               | quality multimeter or oscilloscope. Then I calibrate
               | these thermocouples using the method above, and average
               | their reading for the oven temperature. This works and
               | extrapolates well enough outside the range of calibration
               | because the error of a thermocouple is basically
               | guaranteed to be a very linear error.
               | 
               | In this link[0] topics 1-6 ("weeks") get into the fine
               | details of all this and provide some worksheets/excel
               | sheets already made up for this type of thing. If you're
               | really getting into the weeds with this, understanding
               | propagation of error[1] really helps but is super
               | unnecessary for 99% of people unless they're doing actual
               | engineering.
               | 
               | 0: https://pages.mtu.edu/~fmorriso/cm3215/laboratory_exer
               | cise_s...
               | 
               | 1: https://pages.mtu.edu/~fmorriso/Pintar_Error_Analysis_
               | or_UO_...
        
           | pastage wrote:
           | This is highly personal thing it is apparently very
           | inaccurate for some people, I've never been below or over
           | dangerous levels without it giving a warning. What has
           | happend once or twice over the decade I've used it is that it
           | will get stuck in a bad reading, so you do not see the
           | variations. It has always got unstuck when I've gone below
           | 3.5 mmol/liter or so.
        
           | mlsu wrote:
           | It actually may actually be the other way around, at least
           | for newer CGMs.
           | 
           | Try doing a few fingerpricks in a row. The variability will
           | surprise you!
        
           | Engineering-MD wrote:
           | There is generally a latency of a few minutes between blood
           | and interstitial fluid (the CGM) readings- up to 15 minutes.
           | You may find if you account for latency your consistency
           | between the two increases
        
         | turtlebits wrote:
         | Same, but my doctor pointed me to a promotion for a free
         | sensor. It did require a prescription, but since I don't have
         | diabetes, it's not covered by insurance.
         | 
         | Trying to get it filled and picked up was slightly annoying as
         | the pharmacy initially did not want to fill it without some
         | prodding, and I waited a while for them to figure out how to
         | get the promotion billed.
        
         | znpy wrote:
         | What's the lifetime of a single device? Are you supposed to
         | remove it before a shower and reapply it later?
        
           | hlfshell wrote:
           | No, it's mostly water proof. You wear it through showers and
           | even swimming for 2 straight weeks. The adhesive is pretty
           | good; rarely does it come off on its own prior to say, a week
           | and a half in.
           | 
           | It holds 8 hours of data (1 reading per minute) and you can
           | just hold up your phone to read the last 8 hours of data for
           | your overall data.
        
             | znpy wrote:
             | thanks for the reply!
        
         | jseliger wrote:
         | Before I got cancer, I had one through Levels, and it was
         | informative. Dessert is _much_ worse than I 'd thought. Rice,
         | too, including brown rice. I remember eating some biryani and a
         | small bit of naan at an Indian restaurant and thinking that I'd
         | been pretty healthy, only to see a spike of like 80.
        
           | meindnoch wrote:
           | Momentary high blood sugar is perfectly fine after eating
           | carbohydrate-rich meals.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | This was down voted, but it's all about the time scale. A
             | major pathway of transporting energy from your food to your
             | cells is via glucose in your blood and your cells then use
             | or store it for later. Insulin production reduces the
             | spike, but that response isn't instantaneous.
             | 
             | So on a second by second basis numbers that would be
             | concerning across an hour are fine. Similarly your average
             | over an hour post meal can be much higher than a healthy
             | average across a day.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Is 80 high? That seems totally fine.
        
           | illegalsmile wrote:
           | Desserts can definitely send your levels quite high but I
           | don't think I'd qualify some biryani and naan with a reading
           | of 80 as unhealthy. You probably ate a healthy portion and
           | left it at that. Is 80 not well within the normal range?
        
             | pastor_bob wrote:
             | He probably means it spiked 80 from where it was (e.g. 100
             | to 180)
        
         | gregschlom wrote:
         | > so the tube stays in your arm and your skin under the monitor
         | remains broken
         | 
         | That's not how it works, at least for the Freestyle Libre 3.
         | The cross section of the needle has C shape rather than a O
         | (technically I believe it's called a cannula). When you remove
         | the applicator that C shape allows the needle to be removed
         | through the hole at the top of the sensor, and only the
         | flexible filament stays I your arm.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | What symptoms would one have to present for an "online
         | prescription mill"/"virtual care provider" to prescribe a CGM?
         | I'm fascinated by this and would love to try it out but I don't
         | want to bother my family doctor with this.
        
       | terhechte wrote:
       | I bought a Sibionics GS1 recently and am about to use it
       | (SIBIONICS GS1 Sensor Continuous...
       | https://www.amazon.de/dp/B0CPDHKGYK?ref=ppx_pop_mob_ap_share).
       | Reading this thread I'm wondering if it is a safe / good product
       | to use. Does anybody happen to have knowledge?
        
       | dddiaz1 wrote:
       | Great to see it be OTC. But it's weird that it is advertised to
       | last for 15 days, while the prescription version for T1ds/T2ds
       | only lasts for 10 days. The hardware looks the same.
        
         | thecosas wrote:
         | Had the same thought!
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39621575
         | 
         | Also... does this mean they are direct-to-consumer as well as
         | retail channels? https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39622192
        
       | anonfornoreason wrote:
       | I would recommend anyone to experiment with this. I did, and
       | found out I was more glucose sensitive than I expected. This led
       | me to get more broad labs done, with which I was able to find
       | additional treatable issues that are likely the cause. If I
       | hadn't done this, I would have found out via symptoms years
       | later, after irreversible damage had already been done.
       | 
       | You are your only medical advocate, no one else is going to do it
       | for you. The standard of care is shit, don't rely on it.
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | Agreed, this is one of the better things I have done to take
         | control of my own health!
         | 
         | It was very very surprising which foods, and quantities of
         | foods, caused huge spikes.
         | 
         | However, this stuff is difficult to interpret. What should be
         | the goal number for managing glucose spikes? What's good,
         | what's bad? Ultimately there's a lot of judgement calls, just
         | as there is with any health or fitness goal.
         | 
         | I learned a lot from Peter Attia's podcasts, but that required
         | hours of listening.
         | 
         | My doctor offered to review my data with me, which was amazing.
         | But many people's primary care docs may not have the experience
         | or time.
        
           | anonfornoreason wrote:
           | +1 +1 +1 to Peter Attia, huge amounts of great content. My
           | philosophy is that if there's any single topic where I should
           | be spending five hours a month researching, it's personal
           | health.
           | 
           | As far as spikes are concerned, I convinced my wife and my
           | dad to both try out the same CGM. Neither of them really ever
           | had any spikes of significance (maybe up to 130's), even when
           | eating cake, etc. Obviously it varies from person to person,
           | but the fact I would spike easily above 140 with boring foods
           | (steel cut oats with no sweetener as an example) said to me
           | something was wrong. My daily averages hovering around 100 to
           | 105 were not in the pre-diabetes level but were close to it,
           | even when eating minimal carbs and being extremely fit with a
           | natural healthy diet. Also most of what you read out there
           | with CGMs is related to people who actually have diabetes.
           | 
           | Finally, there's no one really to talk to about this stuff.
           | You can eclipse your doctor's knowledge on the topic with
           | about 5-10 hours of research. You can go get a broad set of
           | labs and be right at the edge of the reference range on
           | something (which is, depending on the lab, just a range of
           | the general population, not a healthy range) and your doctor
           | will shrug it off. The system is setup so that as long as you
           | are in a sort of average, even with that average being pretty
           | bad (half of the country is fat and pre-diabetic), the
           | standard of care is to ignore it until you fall off the end.
           | The line between hypochondria and being on top of your health
           | is pretty thin, and most doctors will consider you a
           | hypochondriac if you research and come ready to talk about
           | the topic with any level of knowledge.
        
             | Projectiboga wrote:
             | Try melatonin it makes what insulin you have go farther.
             | Type 2 diabetes is caused by excess inflammation.
        
         | happytiger wrote:
         | That's some sage advice.
         | 
         | People are often surprised when I tell them about the insane
         | levels of pre-diabetes in the US:
         | 
         | > The National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health
         | Promotion notes that approximately 96 million U.S. adults aged
         | 18 years and older (38% of the adult population) have
         | prediabetes, and nearly 80% of them are unaware that they have
         | it.
         | 
         | It's honestly insane to continue a way of life that's doing
         | this to the majority of the population.
         | 
         | https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/prediabetes-trends-
         | amon....
        
           | narrator wrote:
           | The other insane thing is studies have shown that type 2
           | diabetes can be reversed by fasting. Fasting is problematic
           | to the medical industry because it is zero cost.
           | 
           | "Some studies found that patients were able to reverse their
           | need for insulin therapy during therapeutic intermittent
           | fasting protocols with supervision by their physician."
           | 
           | https://clindiabetesendo.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/.
           | ..
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > Fasting is problematic to the medical industry because it
             | is zero cost.
             | 
             | No, fasting is problematic because people don't like it.
             | 
             | Health conscious people don't understand how much
             | resistance the average patient has to advice about
             | lifestyle modifications, or how difficult it is to get
             | patients to adhere to recommended lifestyle changes.
             | 
             | A good example is sleep apnea and CPAP machines: In theory,
             | a CPAP machine should provide life-changing improvements in
             | sleep quality and daytime energy for someone with sleep
             | apnea, yet patient adherence rates are shockingly low (even
             | when covered by insurance). Many patients are simply
             | annoyed by the machines and give up on it.
             | 
             | That's not to mention the fact that weight loss is
             | extremely effective in many (though not all) sleep apnea
             | situations, but it's rare that patients will actually
             | follow through with that.
        
               | psychlops wrote:
               | It's also rare for a doctor to tell a person they are too
               | fat and to lose weight. The assumption (and most cost
               | effective solution) is that patients just want a
               | prescription for something and be sent on their way.
               | 
               | US healthcare is crisis focused, not health focused.
        
               | TeaDrunk wrote:
               | > It's also rare for a doctor to tell a person they are
               | too fat and to lose weight.
               | 
               | Genuinely curious... have you ever been an obese person?
               | Every fat person I've known have told me they're
               | constantly shamed about being fat in medical settings,
               | some to the point where they actively avoid going to a
               | doctor anymore because they've given up on anything
               | beyond being told they're fat.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Disordered eating is more dangerous then obesity.
        
             | staypegged wrote:
             | >Fasting is problematic to the medical industry because it
             | is zero cost.
             | 
             | Is this just an American thing? Every GP I've ever seen has
             | asked me about my diet and exercise despite me being in the
             | healthy BMI range.
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | I don't think that fasting is problematic to the medical
               | industry in the US. And if it is, it's not because it's
               | zero cost. Doctors _love_ zero cost interventions. The
               | real challenge is just the standard medical challenge: 1)
               | educating doctors as new evidence comes in, 2) doctors
               | educating patients, and 3) patients complying with the
               | intervention.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Other studies have shown that type-2 diabetes can also be
             | put into remission for many patients with nutritional
             | ketosis. So, there are potentially multiple approaches to
             | try.
             | 
             | https://www.virtahealth.com/research
        
             | graeme wrote:
             | to be clear this isn't reversing T2 diabetes. Rather, it
             | allows you to manage it. But the physical damage causing T2
             | diabetes generally remains
        
         | Aaronstotle wrote:
         | This is why it made me upset to see this Doctor on TikTok
         | telling people unless you have Diabetes, you don't need a
         | glucose monitor and making fun of people who had one.
         | 
         | Where is the harm in getting data on how your own body deals
         | with glucose?
        
           | queuebert wrote:
           | False positives in medicine can cause unnecessary
           | interventions that carry their own risks. Believe it or not,
           | there is an optimum level of ignorance for maximum health.
        
             | eurleif wrote:
             | If having more information leads to worse outcomes, that's
             | fundamentally a problem with how you're responding to the
             | information, not with having the information.
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | If I'm not trained to correctly respond to the
               | information then why should I believe that I'm going to?
        
               | mhb wrote:
               | You can learn?
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | I can learn almost anything. So, I have to put values on
               | what it is I'm learning, so I don't waste my time. My
               | estimation is that learning how to interpret my health
               | data so that I can spend a lot of time gathering and then
               | continually interpreting that health data is not going to
               | evince any additional value in my life.
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | If you knew which signals were false positives, they'd be
               | true negatives.
        
               | user_7832 wrote:
               | > If having more information leads to worse outcomes,
               | that's fundamentally a problem with how you're responding
               | to the information, not with having the information.
               | 
               | Not necessarily.
               | 
               | Rohin Francis (Medlife crisis) has I think a video on
               | overtesting, but for example, if you have a new
               | technology that tests and suspects a tumor, which results
               | in CT scans for patients, if millions of users use this
               | tech there's a likely non-zero number of people who may
               | get cancer from the CT exposure.
               | 
               | "What about those who actually had the tumor?"
               | 
               | Well it's possible that 99% of these cases would've been
               | symptomatic anyway in a few more months.
               | 
               | By explanation isn't the best, but over-medication is not
               | a non-issue.
        
               | graeme wrote:
               | That's still the response though. You can simply say
               | "Well, we expect an error rate of X with this new test,
               | so in the absence of other risks factors we predict the
               | actual odds of the condition are Y".
               | 
               | Then you can decide whether a test makes sense or doesn't
               | make sense, given the tradeoffs of radiation and cost vs.
               | the risks of harm.
               | 
               | In the real world, information absolutely can lead to
               | harm, but it's still all in the response and how medicine
               | and patients use information.
               | 
               | But as information gets cheaper and more common we can
               | develop ways of dealing with it. If it was difficult and
               | expensive to test for fever you'd see people in the
               | medical profession warning against it because it could
               | lead to overreaction.
        
               | user_7832 wrote:
               | I get your point, however I think there are a few
               | confounding things. For a lot of people, if you get a
               | positive result from a test that a doctor brushes off
               | that's not going to go well. I'm very much in favor of
               | more testing personally, there are almost certainly folks
               | who're on SSRIs who'd benefit more from Vit D/Mg
               | supplementation for example.
               | 
               | Another thing I seem to remember in his video was that a
               | tumor is not necessarily dangerous. Out of a hundred
               | (say) tumors in a person's life, only maybe 5 are risky.
               | But I'm paraphrasing this badly.
               | 
               | Edit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kQk9-KLPfU is one
               | of the videos, however I think he's talked about this
               | more (likely on instagram or another video too).
        
             | psychlops wrote:
             | What sort of risky false positives and interventions are
             | you anticipating from knowing glucose levels?
        
             | gtirloni wrote:
             | The unnecessary interventions are done by licensed doctors?
             | Why?
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | Doctors make mistakes. Procedures carry inherent risks,
               | such as infection, allergies, blood clots, etc. Even
               | driving to the doctor to discuss your blood glucose
               | carries a risk of car accident. All of these are low
               | probability events, but non-zero.
        
               | tetramer wrote:
               | You don't know if it's a false positive or not until you
               | do further interventions. Realizing it's unnecessary is
               | only evident in hindsight.
               | 
               | E.g. CT scan shows an incidental, tiny lung nodule. You
               | do a biopsy. Unfortunately, during the process of getting
               | a biopsy, you develop a pneumothorax (an uncommon but
               | well-known complication of a lung biopsy) and need a
               | chest tube, hospitalization, etc. You get discharged and
               | you're fine, but man, that wasn't fun. Biopsy comes back
               | negative for cancer. Nodule goes away on its own with
               | time.
               | 
               | Edit: that being said, I'm excited about OTC CGMs! But
               | the "data" we have in medicine is not as accurate as
               | other fields and always subject to false
               | positives/negatives.
        
             | abletonlive wrote:
             | Dumb framework for dealing with incompetence.
             | 
             | "I'm so incompetent that more data is going to lead to
             | worse outcomes! So let me stick my head in the sand and not
             | measure!"
             | 
             | Imagine if any other profession operated under this
             | framework:
             | 
             | "Ehhh, if we inspect too hard we might make a repair on
             | this airplane that will cause further damage, lets just not
             | do the inspection"
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | Do you think tearing apart a working airplane and putting
               | it back together in order to inspect it between every
               | flight is a safe practice?
               | 
               | Did you see the 737 door plug accident?
               | 
               | You are missing part of the picture here. And that part
               | is not that everyone else is dumb but you.
        
               | abletonlive wrote:
               | > Do you think tearing apart a working airplane and
               | putting it back together in order to inspect it between
               | every flight is a safe practice?
               | 
               | Do you think this is....the same thing as a continuous
               | glucose monitor?
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | Mathematically, yes. The probabilities involved are
               | different, however.
        
           | rockooooo wrote:
           | There are downsides to over-medicating, even if your personal
           | budget for health is ~unlimited. Nobody wants to be a false
           | positive.
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | > Where is the harm in getting data on how your own body
           | deals with glucose?
           | 
           | We have a relatively good indicator of long-term glucose
           | levels: HbA1c blood testing. It's included in a lot of
           | physicals now because it's relatively cheap. It's not 100%
           | sensitive to every possible condition, but it's quite good as
           | a screening mechanism for the general population.
           | 
           | CGMs will often give an "estimated HbA1c" value based on
           | statistics from the collected data.
           | 
           | The challenge with CGMs is that it can he harder to know
           | what's "normal" or not than you might think. There are a lot
           | of stories of people becoming unnecessarily worried about
           | occasional spikes or dips that are virtually inconsequential
           | in the grand scheme of things.
        
             | crimsontech wrote:
             | At the age of 45 I had never had an HbA1c test. I found out
             | I had T2 diabetes from getting a CGM as part of a health
             | study I applied for, and seeing my blood glucose was at
             | 22mmol (it should be under 10). I ordered a finger prick
             | test kit from Amazon assuming the GCM was faulty but it
             | wasn't. After this I went to the doctors who confirmed with
             | an HbA1c and put me on Metformin.
             | 
             | It certainly should be part of routine checkups in my
             | opinion, but I had never had more than blood pressure check
             | and a weigh in from my doctor.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | > Where is the harm in getting data on how your own body
           | deals with glucose?
           | 
           | That's not what you're actually measuring though. You're just
           | measuring instantaneous blood sugar levels.
           | 
           | You're hoping that your process for correlating this data
           | with other events and trends in your life is accurate and
           | useful. Unless you're planning on bringing a lot of
           | documentation and other data recording to pair with this,
           | it's not likely this single data point is going to
           | beneficially change outcomes for you.
        
         | pastor_bob wrote:
         | What are 'treatable' causes other than food intake?
        
           | anonfornoreason wrote:
           | One example is an iron overload disorder. Excess iron
           | accumulates in various organs including your pancreas, liver,
           | and pituitary gland. Catch it early and you can avoid liver
           | cirrhosis, busted pituitary function, poor pancreatic
           | function, heart issues, dementia, etc. Wait too long and you
           | are on the transplant list.
        
         | NotGMan wrote:
         | I second, I wore it multiple times as a non-diabetic and it was
         | very enlightening.
        
         | znpy wrote:
         | I'd really love to be able to do that (experimenting) but i'm
         | in the EU and haven't looked at the possibilities yet (i'm not
         | diabetic).
         | 
         | However i recently saw a video of a woman that carried a
         | glucose monitor (even if she didn't need one) as part of a
         | study (she volunteered) and was able to correlate her mood and
         | her weight take/loss with sugar intake.
         | 
         | I'm very curious about this. I've started a diet recently and
         | after quitting many sources of sugar completely I'm very
         | surprised how long i can go without eating and how little
         | calories per day i can consume (well, as long as i have fat to
         | burn at least).
         | 
         | If anybody wants to chime in and suggest a glucose monitor that
         | i can get without prescription in EU (Italy) and from which i
         | can pull off data, please do.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | Read up on what's normal, though.
         | 
         | I tried a CGM twice. I triggered the hypoglycemia (blood sugar
         | too low) alarm multiple times, but felt completely fine.
         | 
         | After some research I discovered it's actually not uncommon for
         | healthy people to have occasional dips below the preset
         | hypoglycemia threshold, but as long as you're not having
         | symptoms then there's no cause for concern.
         | 
         | I also talked to a doctor who complained that she had multiple
         | patients showing up with concerns about their glucose numbers
         | for various reasons after trialing CGMs, but they had similar
         | spurious and unimportant problems (brief excursions out of
         | range, etc.).
         | 
         | So if you're going to experiment, at least familiarize yourself
         | with what's truly problematic. It's easy to misinterpret the
         | data if you don't know what it means.
        
         | coldcode wrote:
         | I found out I was barely in the diabetic range a couple of
         | months ago; hopefully, with diet changes and Metformin, I will
         | see my A1C at a better number in a month or so. Otherwise, I
         | would like to try a CGM to see what I am missing.
        
         | sdo72 wrote:
         | I think I would recommend the opposite unless you are diabetic
         | or pre-diabetic. Using this may make people think eating high
         | GI food causes diabetes.
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | Prevention of diabetes or even of pre-diabetes is well worth
           | the experiment. At least for folks in the US, where metabolic
           | syndrome is hanging over the head of a huuuuuge percentage of
           | the population.
           | 
           | Hiding information from people because they might
           | misinterpret it is not a successful medical strategy, the
           | better strategy is to educate, see if the information will be
           | welcome, then provide the information in the context of what
           | it means.
           | 
           | I wasn't technically pre-diabetic, but did have a few higher-
           | than-expected resting glucose blood tests, and the CGM showed
           | me that I'm actually _really_ close to pre-diabetes.
           | 
           | That was the kick I needed to clean up my diet (specifically
           | eat less), exercise 5-7 days of the week, and I'm feeling
           | better than ever.
           | 
           | Anecdata, of course, but there is no single intervention that
           | has been discovered to improve people's weight and metabolic
           | problems in the US (except perhaps the new GLP-1 inhibitors).
           | Adding a CGM, at least for people interested in it, can be
           | very effective, and we should use all the tools we have to
           | improve the population's health.
        
             | sdo72 wrote:
             | I think your approach is that giving more data to
             | individuals so that they can be informed and make better
             | decision about life choices. However, if we look at
             | reality, the data is already there, without experimenting
             | we can already get a ton of data. Then the question is have
             | people made better decisions about their life choices. I
             | think the answer is No.
             | 
             | And thus I doubt very much that with this device or devices
             | like this, the diabetic population will be reduced. In
             | fact, I believe it to be the opposite.
        
         | RecycledEle wrote:
         | I assume you mean you experimented with another CGM, since this
         | one is not on the market yet.
        
         | simple10 wrote:
         | Experimenting with GCMs is by far the most useful and fun
         | biohacks I've tried. I was part of the early beta for Levels
         | Health.
         | 
         | Even if you don't suspect underlying health issues, the data
         | provided for health optimization and gamification is worth it.
         | 
         | I used the GCM for 4 weeks and mostly tested how my body
         | responds to various types of foods and meal timing. I also used
         | an Oura ring to track sleep.
         | 
         | Main lessons learned: fat loading in the morning with a
         | bulletproof (ghee) coffee didn't spike glucose and provided
         | sustainable energy. Carbs for dinner helped with sleep but only
         | if the meal was several hours before bed, allowing enough time
         | for the double glucose spikes to return to baseline.
         | 
         | And Japanese sweet potatoes massively spike my glucose unless
         | they're slightly undercooked. Cooking methods significantly
         | changed how my body responded to the food.
        
         | mikenew wrote:
         | Can you share a little about the "additional labs" you did?
         | 
         | I wore a CGM for about a month. Also found that my glucose
         | numbers were not nearly as good as I would have expected,
         | especially considering that I'm quite active and not
         | overweight. But it's the "what next" that I'm stuck on.
        
           | smallerfish wrote:
           | Check out Peter Attila's book. He has a couple chapters on
           | metabolic syndrome that should be helpful.
        
       | FigurativeVoid wrote:
       | I'm a T1 diabetic, and CGMs are a great tool for blood sugar
       | management. Combined with a closed loop system, they are
       | literally life changing.
       | 
       | I am glad to see an increase in access to live changing medical
       | care for a disease that is mostly just bad luck.
        
         | thecosas wrote:
         | T1D here too. Fun to see others having an interest in CGMs :-)
        
       | chx wrote:
       | I got the dexcom g6 three years ago via a simple online order in
       | Canada. Is Canada more lax? What's the difference?
        
         | coldcode wrote:
         | In the U.S., until this one, you needed a prescription to buy
         | one. Many countries allow them to be purchased without.
        
       | moralestapia wrote:
       | Great news. Reading through their website and just found out
       | they're disposable(!).
       | 
       | Anyone knows if there's a reason for this? I don't want to think
       | is just a money grab. Perhaps the patch wears off?
        
         | coldcode wrote:
         | All CGMs only work for a period of time, like a couple of weeks
         | or so. Then you get a new one. To keep the size reasonable it
         | can't be too big.
        
         | mapkkk wrote:
         | The patch does wear off but the main reason is because there's
         | a finite amount of enzyme (glucose oxidase) on the filament
         | that does the actual glucose measurement on the sensor. So over
         | time the enzyme is "spent". That, and of course it's lucrative.
         | There are clever ways people have come up with (particularly
         | from low income regions) where you can trick these sensors or
         | the apps to reset and apparently you can get way longer
         | lifespans like that (for the dexcom you also have to file down
         | the bluetooth transceiver so that you can get at the battery
         | within) at the risk of no longer being able to trust the
         | readings.
         | 
         | There's one company that's experimenting with an implantable
         | CGM that will supposedly have a 6 month lifespan, with a
         | bluetooth powered patch that you apply on the skin overlying
         | the implant.
        
       | EMCymatics wrote:
       | It can help your health but I'm concerned how often the data will
       | get abused.
        
       | galago wrote:
       | I'm currently wearing the Freestyle Libre 3. It communicates with
       | the app every minute. I have something between pre-diabetes and
       | diabetes so I have a slight chance at being able to treat my
       | condition with diet/weight/exercise. Its definitely changing my
       | behavior--I'm aware that it is not as accurate as the stick test
       | but I have a plot of my blood sugar throughout the day. Currently
       | I'm consuming very little carbohydrates. I've learned from my own
       | data what foods will cause my blood sugar to spike.
       | 
       | The app is missing some obvious features, and people are right to
       | complain, but its way better it seems than devices that came
       | before.
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | So glad to see medical monitoring made available to people.
       | Different problem but an O2Ring continuous blood oxygen monitor
       | was a big help to me in understanding my sleep apnea and getting
       | it treated.
        
       | sdo72 wrote:
       | I don't know why modern days we get so many problems wrong.
       | 
       | A -> B, then B -> A => incorrect
       | 
       | In a fire, we see firefighters, that doesn't mean firefighters
       | cause fire. In diabetic patients, we see high glucose level. That
       | doesn't mean eating high GI food causes someone to have diabetes.
       | 
       | If we look at the Blue Zone, many people eat mostly carb. So
       | carb/high GI food definitely doesn't cause diabetes.
       | 
       | Devices like this will make other people fearful of high glucose
       | and think they're getting diabetes. People without the disease
       | shouldn't focus on monitoring the glucose level, focus on eating
       | healthy instead. And of course eating healthy is another complex
       | topic.
        
         | migro23 wrote:
         | > In a fire, we see firefighters, that doesn't mean
         | firefighters cause fire. In diabetic patients, we see high
         | glucose level. That doesn't mean eating high GI food causes
         | someone to have diabetes.
         | 
         | This is correct but probably not in the way you think. It is
         | not the glucose in and of itself that is the problem but the
         | level of the hormone insulin circulating around your system
         | that is at the root of Type II diabetes. Glucose and insulin
         | are highly related. Insulin is released by the pancreas to help
         | control the level glucose in our blood.
         | 
         | Virtually no insulin is required when metabolising fats, a
         | small amount is required for protein and a larger amount of
         | insulin is required when dealing with glucose dense
         | carbohydrate based foods. The faster a carbohydrate is
         | metabolised the greater the dose of insulin required to quell
         | the resulting glucose rush in the blood.
         | 
         | What does the insulin do? As a hormone it has many functions.
         | The presence of insulin in the blood signals to all cells to
         | burn sugar (glucose) rather than fats (ketones) for their
         | energy. It prompts the cells in the skeletal muscles to store
         | up glucose in the form of glycogen for later use and it signals
         | the liver to store excess glucose that is not immediately
         | needed. Once the liver and muscles are full then the liver then
         | converts any excess to triglycerides.
         | 
         | Where do the triglycerides go? They get stored as subcutaneous
         | fat all over but largely in the belly (in men) and bum/upper
         | legs (in women). What happens when subcutaneous stores are
         | full? Then the triglycerides are shoved anywhere and
         | everywhere. Fat is pushed into muscle cells as well as the
         | cells in individual organs. The fat molecules present in cells
         | in organs are particularly pernicious (visceral fat) but any
         | cells that contain these triglycerides seems to disrupt the
         | insulin signalling within the cell. This results in insulin
         | resistance i.e., the ineffectiveness of insulin to signal to
         | the cell to take up excess glucose.
         | 
         | When sufficient threshold of insulin resistance is reached, you
         | will get higher blood sugar readings and a higher A1C at which
         | point your doc will say you have prediabetes or full on type II
         | diabetes.
         | 
         | Insulin is the master key variable that unlocks the type II
         | diabetes puzzle. High blood sugar levels are just a symptom.
         | The problem with modern day Type II diabetic care is they
         | consider the high blood sugar as the root problem. So this is
         | treated with meds such as metformin and eventually MORE
         | insulin. Understanding type II diabetes as a disease of too
         | much insulin sheds the disease in a very different light.
         | 
         | Anyway, you are correct, the high glucose level per se is not
         | the cause, but high levels of insulin constantly circulating
         | around your system is the big problem. Of course an effective
         | way of doing that is to continuously eat foods dense in glucose
         | and fructose that are metabolised very quickly e.g., cookies,
         | ice-cream, orange juice etc.
         | 
         | > If we look at the Blue Zone, many people eat mostly carb. So
         | carb/high GI food definitely doesn't cause diabetes
         | 
         | Blue Zone areas such as Okinawa, you do find people eating carb
         | rich foods but they are also high in fibre e.g., root
         | vegetables, sweet potatoes etc. look at books by Robert Lustig
         | to learn more about the importance of fibre in relation to
         | metabolism and diabetes risk.
        
           | sdo72 wrote:
           | Thank you for the detail :). And yes, I do believe lacking of
           | fibre is one of the key important factors causing many kinds
           | of diseases, and the modern diet is totally missing lots of
           | fibre.
        
             | migro23 wrote:
             | You're welcome. I must add that I am not a doctor so take
             | the above with the appropriate level of skepticism on your
             | behalf. I am only summarising what I have learned from
             | books and have omitted _A LOT_ of detail.
             | 
             | Recommended further reading
             | 
             | - Pure, White and Deadly (John Yudkin)
             | 
             | - Fat Chance (Robert Lustig)
             | 
             | - Outlive (Peter Attia) contains an excellent and concise
             | synopsis of the mechanisms behind metabolic disease
        
       | hnburnsy wrote:
       | Hope this integrates with Garmin...
       | 
       | https://www.garmin.com/en-US/blog/health/how-garmin-and-dexc...
        
       | fgkramer wrote:
       | I'm currently wearing a CGM from Lingo
       | (https://www.hellolingo.com/) which is pretty much the easiest
       | way I've found to get my hands on one without a prescription (as
       | I'm not diabetic).
       | 
       | So far it's shown me that the sluggishness after a carb-heavy
       | meal its heavily correlated with the glucose spike and how good
       | my organism copes with it.
       | 
       | Can't wait for the day we have our own Fallout style Pip-Boys!
        
       | autoexec wrote:
       | It'd be pretty interesting to see that kind of data, but it looks
       | like this product violates my policy on not buying hardware that
       | requires a cell phone app to use, and my policy on keeping as
       | much of my medical information as far away from my mobile device
       | as possible. I'm not sure exactly who the app itself sells/leaks
       | the data being collected to, but even having that kind of data on
       | the device would make me uncomfortable.
       | 
       | A quick read of their privacy policy suggests that the mobile app
       | is full of personalized ads and they use your data for "direct
       | marketing" as well as "research". They offer your data to third
       | parties for both "marketing" and "analytics" reasons. They'll
       | send your data overseas whenever it suits them, even to places
       | where your data will not have the same protections, and they'll
       | keep the data they collect forever unless you submit a request
       | for them to delete it and they are actually required to do so by
       | law.
       | 
       | Since I'm only mildly curious to see what the numbers would look
       | like, I'm fine with waiting until someone puts one on the market
       | that saves its data to storage that can later be copied over to
       | an offline PC.
        
         | spc476 wrote:
         | My girlfriend as the Libre 3, and she has both the cell phone
         | app, and a stand alone unit to store results. You can only use
         | one or the other, not both at the same time (the Libre 3 uses
         | Bluetooth). We have the stand alone unit because of insurance
         | reasons.
        
           | xen2xen1 wrote:
           | Dexcoms also have small cell phone like devices you can use.
           | I've never put a wifi password in I can recall.
        
         | mlsu wrote:
         | They sell the data to nobody. It's considered PHI so covered by
         | HIPAA. Dexcom has to trace custody of the data from the sensor
         | to app to wherever it goes, so it is encrypted the whole way.
         | 
         | Nobody has access unless the patient wants them to.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | Their own privacy policy says they share data for marketing
           | purposes. I don't think they'd do that without any
           | compensation and their app includes personalized ads.
           | 
           | HIPAA only covers "protected health information" and not all
           | of the data collected by their products.
           | 
           | They also state: "You can ask us not to use or share certain
           | protected health information for treatment, payment, or our
           | operations. We are not required to agree to your request"
           | 
           | Once a year you can also request that they send you a report
           | on who they shared your data with and why without paying them
           | for it, but it will not include anything involving
           | "treatment, payment, and health care operations, and certain
           | other disclosures (such as any you asked us to make)."
           | 
           | see https://www.dexcom.com/notice-of-privacy-practices
        
             | mlsu wrote:
             | I'm bet they probably do collect e.g. your phone's
             | operating system and use that to figure out which market
             | segment you belong to. But as far as I know Dexcom doesn't
             | have any agreements with anyone to sell their user's data;
             | If they have ads in the dex app I've never seen one. I
             | would be extremely surprised if that were the case.
             | 
             | >You can ask us not to use or share certain protected
             | health information for treatment, payment, or our
             | operations. We are not required to agree to your request
             | 
             | What they're talking about here isn't necessarily what you
             | expect. It's that, if you e.g. encounter a bug in the
             | product that they need to disclose to the FDA, you cannot
             | withhold information from them that would prevent them from
             | doing that. Or, if they need to know what kind of diabetes
             | you have so that they can charge your insurance for the
             | correct prescription, you can't say "you're not allowed to
             | share that." (doesn't really apply here, but that's kind of
             | what's meant in that clause). You can see: treatment,
             | payment, or operations. The scope of each of those is kept
             | as small as possible, and they do have audits from time to
             | time ensuring that it is.
             | 
             | I assure you that CGM readings, trends, averages, reports,
             | etc. ALL of that stuff is absolutely, positively considered
             | PHI and considered extremely privileged. The only time
             | anyone, even in the company, can see that data is if they
             | are a customer support agent helping a specific customer,
             | or if they are on the data science team looking at broad
             | trends to help e.g. calibrate the product.
             | 
             | >Once a year you can also request that they send you a
             | report on who they shared your data with and why without
             | paying them for it, but it will not include anything
             | involving "treatment, payment, and health care operations,
             | and certain other disclosures (such as any you asked us to
             | make)."
             | 
             | It's because they have extra requirements around storage,
             | retention, etc of that PHI data. It's very likely that they
             | can't send you a report because all parties have much
             | stricter access controls on that data so it can't be
             | aggregated and put in a report without filing a mountain of
             | paperwork.
             | 
             | I assure you, these companies do not fuck around with
             | patient data. They don't even do things that give off the
             | appearance of fucking around with patient data, because
             | they know that if the HHS thinks that they are that's
             | millions of dollars in audit costs.
        
       | darreninthenet wrote:
       | My wife already buys a Libre Freestyle over the counter here in
       | the UK... are we talking the same thing? Why are (or were) they
       | prescription only in the US..?
        
       | alexnewman wrote:
       | CGM is cool but it interferes with my ability to swim in the
       | ocean on the reg
        
       | dansitu wrote:
       | If you find this field interesting, Know Labs is working on a
       | non-invasive continuous glucose monitor using RF spectroscopy:
       | 
       | https://www.knowlabs.co
        
         | huytersd wrote:
         | Non invasive would be a golden goose. I don't think I want to
         | have something sticking into my skin for weeks on end.
        
       | thecosas wrote:
       | T1D here who has been using Dexcom G6 for many years now.
       | Interesting to see the differences between Stelo and G7 which are
       | built on the same platform.
       | 
       | Curious if anything is driving the increase in wear time other
       | than battery life savings from reporting back fewer readings.
       | CGM:                   G7 / Stelo       Wear time:             10
       | / 15 days       Time between readings:  5 / 15 minutes
        
         | user_7832 wrote:
         | I seem to remember there was a "trick" with the g6 where you
         | remove and reinsert the transmitter to get it to last longer...
         | I suspect the time estimates are quite conservative.
        
           | thecosas wrote:
           | Yep, I've definitely used my G6 for two sessions using
           | "tricks". It would definitely get wonky towards the end of
           | that time period, but it worked.
        
         | jonlucc wrote:
         | I'm not sure how much I can say; I don't work for a CGM
         | company, but my company is very interested in diabetes. There
         | are non-device reasons you can't use a CGM indefinitely. The
         | site becomes less reliable over time, and it varies from peron
         | to person. I'm not sure if the Stelo has addressed any of
         | those, or if the G7 was overly cautious, or something else, but
         | there are biological things happening at the site that affect
         | the time too.
        
           | thecosas wrote:
           | Ah, that makes sense. I'm certain we'll never "know" but just
           | found it interesting and was curious if people knew other
           | trade-offs they may have been making for increased wear time,
           | especially given that would offer a sharp reduction in cost
           | over time for patients (and their insurance companies, etc).
           | 
           | A 50% increase in wear time is HUGE in my opinion.
        
       | mangoman wrote:
       | I recently had an unusual health event that resulted in me
       | passing out. My wife, who is a physician, thought it might be
       | hypoglycemia, since i'm at high risk for diabetes. She found a
       | super friendly endocrinologist who put me on a CGM for two weeks.
       | I never hit the hypoglycemia range during those two weeks, so it
       | didn't really explain what my issue... but honestly the data was
       | SUPER interesting. Just observing the various spikes made me make
       | healthier choices, or noticing when I was feeling extra tired and
       | seeing if that correlated to not having eaten for little while,
       | or eating something sugary before.
       | 
       | It's sort of like tracking your steps when you first get a smart
       | watch. It may not have been the reason you got the device, but
       | seeing the data, people are encouraged to act on it, even if you
       | don't have an acute issue. since I didn't have a prescription, I
       | couldn't get one here (didn't want to go through some sketch
       | online site). I tried to get one from my family in India, but the
       | prices were really high and they couldn't get the fancier one
       | that tracks straight to your phone, so I didn't get one.
       | 
       | I think this could be a god send for preventing pre-diabetic
       | people who would take preventative steps if it weren't such a
       | pain in the ass to measure consistently.
        
         | lr4444lr wrote:
         | What kinds of food intake/non-intake habits aside from the
         | obvious culprits surprised you?
        
       | zxienin wrote:
       | I use Abbott Freestyle Libre 3 and it has been deeply insightful
       | about my progress with T2D. An increase in fasting glucose over
       | 2-3 days tells me I need course correction (more movement, choice
       | of food). I also noticed consistent correlation between bad sleep
       | days and raised glucose levels over the day. Made me internalize
       | how important sleep is.
       | 
       | I believe, next major uptick will come from CGM in wearables like
       | Apple/Samsung watches [1][2]. I hope, even non diabetic folks use
       | it to improve their health.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.macrumors.com/2023/09/14/apple-watch-blood-
       | gluco... [2] https://www.macrumors.com/2024/01/23/samsung-racing-
       | to-beat-...
        
       | thecosas wrote:
       | Just noticed this line in the press release from Dexcom [1]:
       | Stelo will be available for purchase **online** without a
       | prescription starting summer 2024.
       | 
       | I wonder if that means that this will be direct-to-consumer in
       | addition to retail channels (CVS, RiteAid, Amazon, etc).
       | 
       | [1] https://investors.dexcom.com/news/news-details/2024/Stelo-
       | by...
        
       | lhl wrote:
       | I'd highly recommend anyone considering trying one out to give it
       | a pin. I've used a CGM multiple times besides being a great
       | feedback mechanism, it also can give you really interesting
       | insights. Here's one interesting tidbit showing that having an
       | ice cream cone in between an hour-long walk actually caused no
       | postprandial glucose spike compared to an earlier "healthy" meal
       | served with no activity (at a metabolic health conference)
       | https://fediverse.randomfoo.net/notice/Aafczv5LO83OOwXrbU
        
       | daveisfera wrote:
       | I haven't seen price info anywhere, but anyone have info on what
       | that will be?
        
       | metabagel wrote:
       | I put something like this on my cat, because the vet thought she
       | may be pre-diabetic, but stress response can also cause blood
       | sugar to spike, so we needed to see what her blood sugar was like
       | multiple times per day.
       | 
       | The device worked for 5 days until she had managed to dislodge it
       | enough so it wouldn't get a reading. The skin glue lasted another
       | 5 days before the device fell off. Since then, she has had a
       | "crop circle" behind her shoulder where her fur was shaved away,
       | and which is ever so slowly filling in.
       | 
       | Her readings were fine, so we are feeding her low carbohydrate
       | food, because the vet thinks she may become diabetic in the
       | future.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, I had to place the reader device almost directly
       | on the sensor, which was a pain, because my cat likes to hide
       | under the bed. So, I had to squirt her with water to get her out,
       | which was undesirable, but didn't seem to affect the readings.
       | 
       | The device was the Freestyle Libre 2.
       | 
       | https://www.freestyle.abbott/us-en/products/freestyle-libre-...
        
       | mzs wrote:
       | I wonder what the price will be: https://www.dexcom.com/en-
       | us/stelo
        
       | apatheticonion wrote:
       | I currently sticky-tape my Fitbit Inspire 3 to my tricep to get
       | continuous low effort health/sleep tracking.
       | 
       | I used sticky tape as an experiment because there are no arm
       | bands for Fitbit products. That was a year and a half ago and
       | have worn it like that every day since.
       | 
       | I can't wait until trackers can be implanted under the skin,
       | track blood glucose, and improved accuracy.
       | 
       | Let's gooooo
        
       | UI_at_80x24 wrote:
       | It's worth mentioning that in Canada, you do not require a
       | prescription to get a CGM. However only the Abbot Freestyle Libre
       | series is available here. It cost ~$100 and last 2 weeks.
       | 
       | I've found it to be mostly accurate.
       | 
       | Placing it on the back of the arm was always a problem for me, it
       | was constantly getting knocked/pulled, and otherwise disturbed. I
       | had to buy adhesive patches that covered the entire unit. I later
       | discovered that another decent place to apply them in on my chest
       | between my collar-bone and shoulder-joint but lower (towards the
       | nipple). I always had decent reliability/accuracy there. It also
       | hurt less (from the adhesive) then on the back of the arm.
       | 
       | Having a CGM is amazing, and if you have medical coverage that
       | will pay for it then you should get it.
        
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