[HN Gopher] Medellin's Green Corridors
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       Medellin's Green Corridors
        
       Author : fodmap
       Score  : 200 points
       Date   : 2024-03-06 16:01 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (reasonstobecheerful.world)
 (TXT) w3m dump (reasonstobecheerful.world)
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | Very cool, in many senses of the word.
       | 
       | We certainly need more of this.
       | 
       | More importantly, this may also reduce the heat-soaking of the
       | earth underneath the city as well as the surrounding countryside.
        
       | BudaDude wrote:
       | Finally some good news!
       | 
       | I would love to see a city or building try this in the US
        
         | more_corn wrote:
         | The SF moma has a living wall on the patio. It is refreshing.
         | The new transit center has a park on the roof. One of the most
         | calming and comfortable public spaces in SF.
        
         | sudosteph wrote:
         | It's not by design, but one thing I loved about living in
         | Raleigh, NC is how many of the trees were preserved as it
         | developed. It's quite nice (except during pollen season if you
         | have allergies) and the shade is pretty valuable when dealing
         | with those summers. It's especially noticable compared to
         | Durham, which was not able to preserve as many trees close to
         | it's downtown core and some big roads. Though Durham still has
         | something like 52% tree coverage? The housing development craze
         | in that area is definitely making a dent in the the coverage
         | for the region as a whole though.
        
       | the_optimist wrote:
       | Looks beautiful. I assume our hockey stick temperature charts
       | capture this urban heat island effect of between two and five
       | degrees, right? Anybody know?
        
         | wbeckler wrote:
         | The typical temperature chart is an average across the planet
         | or a region. Definitely not population-weighted.
        
       | gfarah wrote:
       | Medellin is bursting with greenery! Everywhere I look, trees
       | stand tall, and many of the newer buildings boast impressive
       | vertical gardens. This not only creates a visually stunning
       | cityscape but also sparks my imagination, making me dream of a
       | future where other cities around the world embrace a similar
       | level of environmental integration.
        
         | onemoresoop wrote:
         | Are you from Colombia or you moved there? If you've been in
         | Medellin for more than 10 years how does it compare to today?
        
           | baristaGeek wrote:
           | I would say that beyond the green corridors, the main
           | difference is how global it feels now. Lots of international
           | cuisine, international DJs playing here, foreigners around,
           | real estate ads in English, etc.
        
             | onemoresoop wrote:
             | I assume the COL has only increased, am I wrong?
        
       | quechimba wrote:
       | Medellin is the most beautiful city I have ever been to. It's
       | very green and clean.
        
         | andreshb wrote:
         | Username checks out :)
        
         | jonah wrote:
         | You must not have been to all parts of it. There are some very
         | grungy, crowded, run-down areas as well.
         | 
         | (The nice parts are pretty nice though.)
        
           | root_axis wrote:
           | Like almost every city on the planet.
        
           | quechimba wrote:
           | Of course. But for the most part it's beautiful. My best
           | friend used to drive taxi and when I had nothing to do I
           | would go with him in the car while he was working, so I've
           | been around. I like the architecture in the barrios.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | Melbourne has large "green belts" through the suburbs which are
       | meant to be off limits to development.
       | 
       | However they are constantly being rezoned to residential housing
       | through political corruption.
        
       | asymmetric wrote:
       | I wonder what the options are for cities in arid climates, which
       | are only becoming more so due to climate change. The few trees in
       | this area are already threatened by droughts, so it seems like
       | planting more greenery would just increase the burden on a water
       | system that's already at breaking point.
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | The Middle East has existed in arid conditions for centuries.
         | Generally, you want to engineer lots of shade and narrow paths
         | for breezes.
         | 
         | The American Southwest and the baking suburbia is basically the
         | opposite of how one should design for such a climate.
        
       | fermuch wrote:
       | This is a very interesting initiative, and fills me with hope.
       | Not only better temperatures, but even better air (PM2.5 levels
       | reduced!)
       | 
       | But I do wonder, what about insects? Are there more insects
       | because there are more places for them to live?
        
         | fodmap wrote:
         | I assume there will be more insects but also more insect
         | predators. I mean, life always finds its way, and usually a
         | balance as well.
        
         | gfarah wrote:
         | Indeed, there is an abundance of butterflies, bees, and other
         | such creatures amidst the urban area --a surprising sight for a
         | densely populated city. However, it's not to the extent that it
         | becomes bothersome.
        
         | tzumby wrote:
         | I just checked and the pm2 levels are as bad as they were when
         | I visited pre Covid (50 mg/m^3). I was there for 3 months, in
         | El Poblado neighborhood and the air quality was horrendous, I
         | would never go back. The depression in which the city lays also
         | keeps all the pollution in place for longer.
        
       | wbeckler wrote:
       | I hate when writers describe plants as an ongoing carbon sink.
       | They are a one-time carbon sink. So using "cars" as a comparison
       | to carbon volumes is confusing, because cars will keep emitting
       | after a plant is full grown and starts shedding leaves and wood
       | that turn back into methane or carbon dioxide.
       | 
       | The key benefit of the plants is cooling the city without
       | electricity, which is an ongoing effect.
        
         | markerz wrote:
         | Similarly, we can't plant enough trees to offset our total
         | carbon emission because we've released SOOO much carbon that
         | was previously just buried underground as oil. We would need to
         | plant more trees than we have ever seen.
        
           | dumbo-octopus wrote:
           | More trees than have ever existed, given we burn both coal
           | (trees) and oil (algae)... and a _loooot_ more oil.
        
         | worik wrote:
         | > They are a one-time carbon sink
         | 
         | Depends how you manage them, and their detritus
         | 
         | If you burn it, you are correct
         | 
         | There are other approaches that sink the carbon and improve
         | soils.
        
       | GenerWork wrote:
       | I'm really interested in the geotextile pavements that were
       | mentioned at the end of the article. As someone who lives where
       | it can get pretty rainy, having a cheap yet effective geotextile
       | driveway would be great.
        
         | TaylorAlexander wrote:
         | Check out permeable concrete and permeable pavers:
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/ERPbNWI_uLw
        
         | kleton wrote:
         | Seems like a microplastic source.
        
       | passive wrote:
       | An initial cost of 16 million, and yearly maintenance of 600,000,
       | for a city of 2.5 million? Per person, $5 initially and $0.25 per
       | year.
       | 
       | That seems incredibly cheap for the benefits. Colombia looks to
       | have a GDP per capita about 1/10th of the US, so if we scale it
       | up 10X...
       | 
       | I live in a relatively cold climate, and I would still be
       | delighted to pay $2.50 a year for this kind of infrastructure
       | development. Heck, even scaling it up 100X seems like it would be
       | worth considering.
       | 
       | Maybe there's a cost I'm missing here, but for a hot city, the AC
       | savings alone seem like they would be worth it, not to mention
       | the 40% reduction in respiratory infections through increased air
       | quality.
        
         | gottorf wrote:
         | > Colombia looks to have a GDP per capita about 1/10th of the
         | US, so if we scale it up 10X...
         | 
         | Ah, yes, but costs for public projects like this in the US is
         | far greater than 10x Colombia's.
        
           | marcinzm wrote:
           | Yes, amazingly paying someone $2/hour won't fly in a major US
           | city.
        
             | throwup238 wrote:
             | It will if they're convicts on a chain gang.
        
               | roughly wrote:
               | Acknowledging the general ickyness of prison labor, I'd
               | be curious what the overall effect on wellbeing and
               | recidivism among prisoners would be of spending time
               | working outside planting trees to make the local
               | community a better, more beautiful place.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | Probably better than making garments for McDonald's and
               | Walmart, but yeah we should abolish prison labor (and
               | prisons).
               | 
               | Here's a report on the state of human rights abuses in
               | prison labor in the United States:
               | 
               | https://news.uchicago.edu/story/us-prison-labor-programs-
               | vio...
        
               | joecool1029 wrote:
               | It was pointed out to me awhile back that the 'slave
               | states' that utilize this kind of labor need all sorts of
               | low-level nonviolent crimes to lock people up with.
               | 
               | Why, you may ask? It turns out giving violent offenders
               | (murderers, wife beaters, gang bangers) tools like
               | shovels in an open environment can be pretty dangerous.
               | Guards would rather have some pothead teenager to order
               | around.
        
             | Wytwwww wrote:
             | Are you saying that the people building those parks in
             | Colombia were only paid $0.2 per hour?
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | > The groundwork is carried out by 150 citizen-gardeners
               | 
               | Probably lower on average given a lot of them got paid $0
               | it seems.
        
           | roughly wrote:
           | I'd happily pay $25/year. $2/mo to live in a city with that
           | kind of greenery and QOL improvement? Absolutely sign me the
           | fuck up.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Highly recommend Medellin if you can swing the remote expat
             | life.
        
               | onemoresoop wrote:
               | How is the COL compared to the local salaries? And how is
               | the job market there?
        
               | baristaGeek wrote:
               | Unless you're in tech or a few other sectors (eg: long
               | tail exports such the company that manufactures
               | transistors for Tesla, which is near here) the local job
               | market is very bad. Particularly with new prices, in the
               | wealthy areas it's comparable to a city like Lisbon now.
               | 
               | If you have a remote job however, it's a no brainer. For
               | example, renting a 3 bedroom in a wealthy area (through
               | the local route, not Airbnb) within a gated community
               | that has a pool, a gym, etc = $1,000. A private maid/chef
               | once per week = $80. Normal Uber ride = $4-$6. Meal for 2
               | in a very fancy restaurant = $50 - $75.
               | 
               | Makes SF prices feel insane.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Agree with everything in your comment.
        
         | darth_avocado wrote:
         | You have to keep PPP in mind when you look at numbers like
         | this. In San Francisco, for example, the park and recs dept
         | gets the budget in the tune of hundreds of millions. Does it
         | mean they are wasting the money? Absolutely not. Land
         | acquisition, construction, hourly wages (with minimum wage at
         | $36000/year excluding benefits) etc. are all very expensive in
         | absolute dollars in some parts of the world, while in others,
         | it is very cheap. You simply cannot compare the two.
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | A counterpoint is their $1.7M toilet.
           | 
           | But yeah at 10x that'd be taking away from significant
           | programs never mind 100x.
        
         | thriftwy wrote:
         | In a cold climate, these wide boulevards lose their leaves in
         | the autumn and the turn into enormous ducts for cold wind to
         | traverse freely. You freeze just while crossing it.
         | 
         | In cold climate, you definitely do not want tall buildings with
         | space between them, or straight roads. Unfortunately that's
         | what gets built.
        
           | itishappy wrote:
           | Fascinating! Got any examples of particularly good or bad
           | cold-climate cities?
        
             | thriftwy wrote:
             | Particularly good: Central St. Petersburg, especially
             | Petrograd island[1] and other districts with smaller
             | streets such as Peski/Kolomna. Smaller streets, slightly
             | broken grid and uniform height 5-storey buildings lead to
             | never experiencing serious wind. It has a different pest
             | that is ice on the sidewalks, though. Vasilievsky island is
             | slightly worse as there's wider streets and more regular
             | grid.
             | 
             | Particularly bad: The same St. Petersburg but now
             | Brezhnevist and contemporary built up districts such as
             | Murino[2] or Veteranov[3] (but any of these, actually).
             | Even the pompious Stalinist Moscow avenue[4] would be quite
             | uncomfortable in chilly wind and -15C. Wide streets mean
             | faster winds _and_ more walking. St. Petersburg is very
             | transit oriented so most people do walk.
             | 
             | The newly build Vostochnyi Cosmodrome Tsiolkovsky town[5]
             | seems super chilly as it is the same pattern of high-rises
             | separated by a long nothing. And it's located way north.
             | You would need a space suit just to get groceries.
             | 
             | 1. https://yandex.ru/maps/-/CDFjZUm4
             | 
             | 2. https://yandex.ru/maps/-/CDFjZU-0
             | 
             | 3. https://yandex.ru/maps/-/CDFjZY7J
             | 
             | 4. https://yandex.ru/maps/-/CDFjZY2B
             | 
             | 5. https://yandex.ru/maps/-/CDFjZR0D
        
         | stickfigure wrote:
         | Colombia is equatorial. It rains a _lot_ ; the green spaces
         | probably don't need irrigation. It might not be so easy or
         | cheap to pull this off in places like Los Angeles, Los Vegas,
         | or Phoenix.
        
           | apercu wrote:
           | Those places (all places) should be primarily using local
           | flora.
        
             | TaylorAlexander wrote:
             | Yep exactly. I decided to look up the local flora for Los
             | Angeles and found this nice article. It notes that Los
             | Angeles has a Mediterranean style climate, and there
             | certainly are plenty of local flora options to choose from:
             | 
             | https://la.curbed.com/2018/8/23/17720768/los-angeles-
             | plants-...
        
               | apercu wrote:
               | I'm in year two of turning the front yard (half-acre) in
               | to prairie. I'm _mostly_ using local flora but the
               | climate is changing so there are more options. More
               | challenging is that I had started with drought resistant
               | indigenous stuff but the predictions are that
               | anticipating the coming years weather is "unpossible" and
               | that even the local stuff is going to fail half the time.
        
       | digging wrote:
       | > We built and built and built. There wasn't a lot of thought
       | about the impact on the climate. It became obvious that had to
       | change.
       | 
       | That feels like a quote out of a novel or a Hollywood movie.
       | Absolutely thrilled for Medellin to be able to enact this kind of
       | change. It's a huge struggle in the US and extremely dispiriting.
        
       | jonah wrote:
       | We were there in January. There are some amazing, modern, clean
       | and green parts of the city. The botanic gardens (Jardin Botanico
       | de Medellin) are beautiful and considerably cooler than the
       | surrounding parts of town. The metro - with cable cars linking
       | off to the hillside neighborhoods - is very clean, modern, and
       | efficient.
       | 
       | We saw the city hall vertical garden - pretty neat.
       | 
       | An immense amount of effort has gone into revitalizing the city
       | in recent years.
       | 
       | One thing that struck me though, is that the rising tide hasn't
       | quite lifted all boats - or people to be more precise. I saw a
       | lot more beggars, people living on the streets, and homeless
       | encampments than in Bogota, or Cali or other cities. It feels
       | like a disconnection from community and family that is still
       | present in other places - especially smaller cities and towns. I
       | hope they can figure out ways to help the bottom 1%. (Realizing
       | that is a common refrain worldwide.)
        
         | p_j_w wrote:
         | >the rising tide hasn't quite lifted all boats
         | 
         | It turns out that, in spite of what libertarians might like to
         | tell everyone, people and societies aren't actually boats and
         | marinas. Who would've thought?
        
         | BizarroLand wrote:
         | One possibility is that some homeless may move to the city in
         | hopes of either finding work or catching a break to get out of
         | the homelessness.
         | 
         | We see that a lot in Seattle, that people who became homeless
         | out in Enumclaw or Goldbar or wherever slowly get drawn towards
         | the city because the systems that support the homeless are
         | there, whether it be infrastructure that can be used for
         | shelter or soup kitchens or day labor or even just a good
         | corner to beg from.
         | 
         | Its not the only source of the homeless by any stretch of the
         | imagination, but it is a source.
        
       | neoecos wrote:
       | While top in HN, in the local newspaper a warning about the bad
       | air quality of the city.
       | 
       | https://www.elcolombiano.com/antioquia/restricciones-por-mal...
        
       | MrPowers wrote:
       | I love Medellin and lived there for many years, but the air
       | quality is terrible and getting worse. You can talk with any
       | locals and they say that the climate is noticeably different than
       | it was in the past.
       | 
       | Medellin is surrounded by mountains and the contaminated air
       | cannot escape. There didn't used to be a lot of cars, but now
       | there is financing so the number of cars is growing
       | significantly.
       | 
       | The hills are steep and old busses spew black smoke.
       | 
       | Here is some more info on pollution in Medellin:
       | https://medellinguru.com/medellin-pollution/
       | 
       | Saying Medellin's temp decreased by 2 degrees Celsius based on
       | "Mejorar el microclima hasta 2degC" is a misinterpretation. I
       | think this article is quite misleading.
        
         | jp191919 wrote:
         | Air quality in Bogota is terrible as well.
         | 
         | I think a good first step would be ditching all the diesel
         | vehicles that have minimal/non-existant exhaust emissions
         | systems.
        
         | gfarah wrote:
         | Many factories are relocating outside the valley, and the use
         | of electric vehicles (including cars and motorcycles) is
         | increasing.
        
       | somegent wrote:
       | Chicago has done something similar with rooftop gardens to reduce
       | temperatures. https://www.epa.gov/arc-x/chicago-il-uses-green-
       | infrastructu...
        
       | ambyra wrote:
       | Any links to how to build these at home? Like a 10 to 15 foot
       | version? It'd be really interesting to find out how to keep the
       | plants' roots from clogging the water supply.
        
       | cycomanic wrote:
       | Medellin is a fascinating city and over the years had leadership
       | that really cared about how to most effectively help throe
       | citizens and not being afraid to make radical chandes and big
       | investments.
       | 
       | E. G. They build the metro cable essentially a "ski lift" public
       | transport system up the steep slopes of the hills surrounding the
       | city. It's a great example how to transform communities by giving
       | people access to transport and thus economic opportunities (the
       | metro cable changed a 2h walk to the metro station at the base of
       | the valley into a 15min gondola ride). It wrestled the slums from
       | the control of the gangs and massively reduced crime in the
       | areas.
        
       | evanjrowley wrote:
       | Brings a new and nicer meaning to the term _walled garden_
        
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