[HN Gopher] 'Mathematically perfect' star system being investiga...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       'Mathematically perfect' star system being investigated for
       potential alien tech
        
       Author : pixelesque
       Score  : 273 points
       Date   : 2024-02-28 14:31 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.space.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.space.com)
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Just your regular resonant planetary system...Nothing to see
       | here...Call me back when you find one where they orbit the star
       | with periods that are a sequence of prime numbers....
       | 
       | "Resonance in the planetary system HD 110067" -
       | https://www.dlr.de/en/latest/news/2023/04/six-planets-in-res...
        
         | hef19898 wrote:
         | Or one with three planet sharing the same orbit, perfectly
         | spaced!
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Well, perfectly spaced is the only way 3 planets can share
           | the same orbit.
           | 
           | And if we go for a gas giant and two small planets, there are
           | probably many of those out there. We almost got one such
           | trio.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Perfectly spaced is not a stable orbit.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_point
             | 
             | You want L4 and L5 for that.
        
               | zeroonetwothree wrote:
               | That applies to a small body with two large ones, not
               | three similarly sized planets.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | L4 and L5 are unstable unless there is an extreme, as in
               | many orders of magnitude, difference in the masses
               | involved.
               | 
               | At equal mass the separation increases until they are all
               | equidistant from each other assuming a completely
               | circular orbit.
        
             | pavel_lishin wrote:
             | Tell that to Janus & Epimetheus:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janus_(moon)
        
           | bloopernova wrote:
           | 3 planets orbiting a common barycentre would be very cool. I
           | think something like that was mentioned in the Peter F
           | Hamilton "Night's Dawn" trilogy of sci-fi books.
        
             | pavel_lishin wrote:
             | Larry Niven's Known Space features a series of planets
             | orbiting a common center like that; it's a grand engineer
             | project, and a lifeboat of sorts.
        
               | Zanni wrote:
               | A pentagonal form of a Klemperer rosette (first thing I
               | thought of also):
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klemperer_rosette
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Or a planet with 13 moons evenly-spaced on the same orbit?
           | C.f. Ilus IV / New Terra in _The Expanse_.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | I just wonder so, if there are multiple planets in equal
             | distance between them, would we be able to tell the
             | difference between three planets and one on a fast orbit?
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | That sounds like aliasing issue in signals; we should be
               | able to distinguish between them as long as we sample
               | more often than half the actual orbital period (i.e. with
               | a sampling frequency larger than the Nyquist frequency).
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist_frequency
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Another question, is there something like a max. rotation
               | speed for a planet in a certain distance to a sun of a
               | certain size?
               | 
               | Edit as a general response: Question answered, multiple
               | times, thank you! Also, there my basic physics knowledge
               | resurfaces, thank you for that as well!
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Yes, but that would be dictated by how fast can it spin
               | before shattering into pieces. So mostly
               | gravity/composition thing, I'd imagine. Many things in
               | solar systems are (postulated to) derive from the
               | rotation of the protoplanetary disk, via conservation of
               | angular momentum - however, planets can also get spun up
               | or down after forming by e.g. collisions with other
               | objects, including extra-system objects.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Just realized, I meant orbit speed and not rotation
               | aeound the planets axis. Shouldn't write in parallel to
               | meetings... Your answer was very interesting so, thank
               | you!
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | I see! In the other case, the answer is: velocity vector
               | determines the orbit. For any given point at any given
               | orbit, there's only one valid velocity vector relative to
               | the star (direction and magnitude) - tweaking it tweaks
               | the shape of the orbit.
               | 
               | One of the best way to get an intuition for orbits is to
               | play Kerbal Space Program for a few hours :).
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Going back to my buried physics knowledge, that is quite
               | logic. Thanks again!
               | 
               | I am just afraid to touch Kerbal Space Program, I really
               | cannot afford another time sink at the moment!
               | 
               | As one time ovner of a Star Wars RPG PC whos secret super
               | weapon was his tremendous Astrogation skill, I really
               | should so I guess!
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | For a given stellar mass and orbital radius (assuming a
               | circular orbit), there's not really any wiggle room on
               | how long the planet's orbital period is. Speeding up or
               | slowing down the planet requires it to orbit at a
               | different distance. If you meant the speed of a planet's
               | rotation about its own axis, I guess the limit would
               | basically be the point at which it tears itself apart by
               | spinning so fast that its gravity no longer holds it
               | together.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | There is only one stable speed at which a planet can
               | orbit in a circle; any slower, and it'll start falling in
               | toward the star, and any faster and it'll start to move
               | away from the star.
               | 
               | The only way to vary the speed is a powered orbit, and
               | that's not likely to happen with a planet.
        
               | qup wrote:
               | I respect that you reserved some room to be surprised.
        
           | rob74 wrote:
           | Not convinced until they find a Dyson sphere...
        
             | sirsinsalot wrote:
             | If aliens have vacuum cleaners, I hope they're better than
             | ours tbh.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Mandatory mention of Spaceballs incoming... I just don't
               | want the reverse function on my home vacuum.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | IDK, I miss those old vacuums that could run in reverse -
               | they're perfect for building hovercrafts for kids.
               | 
               | Make a big disk, punch the vacuum cleaner's pipe through
               | it, put a blanket over the whole thing, add a chair on
               | top. Turn power on, you have a hovercraft. A staple of
               | city science fairs where I live.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | THAT is a great idea! Would one of those leave blowers
               | work? Ideally a battery powered one?
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | They built a ring world in order to harness enough solar
             | power to continue and sustain their proof of work economy.
             | Alas, when even that was not enough their world collapsed
             | and the successors to their race returned to the trees.
        
             | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
             | Dyson spheres are probably really rare. It's just bad
             | strategy, everyone within your galaxy knows you're there
             | pretty much immediately when a star just up and disappears
             | one day. Granted, the non-K2s just stare in awe maybe, but
             | the other K2s will fuck your shit up. Can't exactly pack it
             | up and run either, not with a medium-sized star in your
             | suitcase.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Temporal displacement fields: Wrap you star system in one
               | of those and remove from the normal universe with a time
               | shift of a couple of seconds! Let those pesky K2 Dyson
               | Sphere civilisation figure that out!
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Tried that, it didn't work; that's how I ended up stuck
               | in this insane reality where JavaScript ate the world,
               | and my nickname is all I have to show for it.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Ah, sucks when this happens, doesn't it?
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | >but the other K2s will fuck your shit up.
               | 
               | [Citation Needed]
        
               | asoberbeck wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dark_Forest
        
               | tastyfreeze wrote:
               | > Can't exactly pack it up and run either, not with a
               | medium-sized star in your suitcase.
               | 
               | If you're K2 just take the star and solar system with
               | you. Stellar engines can be used to move stars.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_engine
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Eventually.
               | 
               | Shkadov thruster:
               | 
               | > After a period of one million years this would yield an
               | imparted speed of 20 m/s, with a displacement from the
               | original position of 0.03 light-years. After one billion
               | years, the speed would be 20 km/s and the displacement
               | 34,000 light-years, a little over a third of the
               | estimated width of the Milky Way galaxy.
               | 
               | Caplan thruster:
               | 
               | > Caplan estimates that the Bussard engine would use
               | 10^12 kg of solar material per second to produce a
               | maximum acceleration of 10^-9 m/s2, yielding a velocity
               | of 200 km/s after 5 million years.
               | 
               | Svoronos Star Tug:
               | 
               | > The Svoronos Star Tug can, in principle (assuming
               | perfect efficiency), accelerate the Sun to ~27% the speed
               | of light (after burning enough of the Sun's mass to
               | transition it to a brown dwarf).
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | I would assume it takes more than a day to build a Dyson
               | sphere. But more to the point from a distant observer's
               | viewpoint the star isn't going to just blink out. The
               | Dyson sphere has to radiate just as much energy as the
               | star produces, so it would probably appear just as a red
               | dwarf. Unless the alien civilization has some way to
               | destroy energy it will be in a constant battle to avoid
               | cooking the inhabitants of the sphere.
        
               | foofie wrote:
               | > Unless the alien civilization has some way to destroy
               | energy (...)
               | 
               | If the point of a Dyson sphere is to collect energy,
               | wouldn't it be enough to just use it or store it?
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | To use, not to collect. And thermodynamics appears to say
               | you can't just store it.
               | 
               | A stellar mass black hole might be an interesting "cold
               | end" in this regard... if you can find or make one, but
               | to do that you'd need to start with a Dyson swarm.
        
               | foofie wrote:
               | > To use, not to collect. And thermodynamics says you
               | can't just store it.
               | 
               | I don't think these semantic games are productive.
               | Thermodynamics says you can transform energy. "Collect"
               | in this context means using energy in a way that allows
               | you to retrieve it in the future. For example, charging a
               | battery or condenser with light with a PV panel, powering
               | a motor that accelerates a flywheel, coiling a spring,
               | heating a material, etc.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Anyone with only mildly better tech than we have now, can
               | see your ecosystem changing over the course of the
               | seasons before you invented fire, let alone built a Dyson
               | swarm. We're _just_ starting to have this capacity
               | already in special cases, though we 've not found any
               | sign of an ecosystem, just "boring" diamond rain etc.
               | 
               | A Dyson swarm will keep you safe from any threat smaller
               | than another Dyson swarm -- and while you may not be able
               | to "pack it up", you can use one to run to other
               | galaxies... in fact, almost all of them... at close
               | enough to the same time that light cones matter... and
               | get the settlers moving at a significant fraction of the
               | speed of light... and have a lot of redundancy.
        
             | arethuza wrote:
             | I think Culture style Orbitals are more elegant - no need
             | for shadow squares to create day/night cycles.
        
               | wombatpm wrote:
               | Orbitals - The Tiny Houses of solar scale structures
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Every megastructure is an invisible dot compared to the
               | next size up.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JvKSRKT0nzM
        
               | arethuza wrote:
               | There is also The Ring in the Xeelee universe - which is
               | millions of lightyears across:
               | 
               | https://xeelee.fandom.com/wiki/The_Ring
               | 
               | Mind you it might not count as it's a means of escape,
               | not a place to live.
        
           | mapt wrote:
           | This is dynamically unstable; Any miniscule imperfection ends
           | up being magnified by the forces involved. The angular
           | momentum of the system is conserved, but resonances build
           | chaotically and are likely to eventually concentrate enough
           | in a smaller body to throw it off past escape velocity.
           | 
           | Spaced-out resonant triplets of bodies in the same plane are
           | often dynamically stable - an imperfect ratio is damped by
           | various orbital forces until it approximates a perfect ratio.
        
             | SamBam wrote:
             | That's why it would require alien technology to keep it
             | perfect.
             | 
             | Why they'd do this, though, would be a mystery.
        
               | fullstackchris wrote:
               | seems like it'd be a primitive way (in one way, obviously
               | not in the tech sense) of displaying power
        
               | BirAdam wrote:
               | So, like, the aliens elected a lizard version of Donald
               | Trump? Make the planets gold and it all tracks.
        
               | SamBam wrote:
               | Perhaps it's just a giant advertising billboard.
        
         | angiosperm wrote:
         | They offer no hint why transiting the star could help us pick
         | up radio transmissions. If they mean the planet going _behind_
         | the star (being  "occulted") would cut off the radio signal
         | while it is back there, they should say that instead.
        
           | martinclayton wrote:
           | The piece seemed a bit wooly to me. This bit caused a little
           | twinge of pain:
           | 
           | Signals from such a transmitter placed on a planet spinning
           | around a foreign star would drift in time when observed from
           | Earth, "the same as when an ambulance goes past you, the
           | sound of it shifts from very high to very low"
           | 
           | What's wrong with saying Doppler, frequency, or pitch maybe?
        
             | angiosperm wrote:
             | So, it is nothing about transiting, and all about us being
             | close to the ecliptic plane of the system. Being a little
             | off the ecliptic, so there were no transits or even
             | occultations, would barely affect Doppler measurements.
        
         | madcaptenor wrote:
         | If we're going to look into every resonant system shouldn't we
         | start with the moons of Jupiter?
        
           | vonjuice wrote:
           | Are we not looking already?
        
             | jermaustin1 wrote:
             | Jupiter has moons? /s
        
             | jjk166 wrote:
             | We're under strict instructions to attempt no landing on
             | Europa.
        
               | z3phyr wrote:
               | Disregard them cadet, you have my go ahead.
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | Why?
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | It's a reference to the movie/book 2010: Odyssey Two, by
               | Arther C. Clarke.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010:_Odyssey_Two
        
         | trumbitta2 wrote:
         | Or one where vertically aligning planets is easy with CSS
        
           | sirsinsalot wrote:
           | Flexbox will be seen by aliens as alien technology, our peak,
           | our absolute pinnacle before collapse.
        
             | spacecadet wrote:
             | LOL, better then them finding the industry 10 years ago.
        
               | dkarl wrote:
               | I would love to see a movie where aliens show up to help
               | us with the looming crisis that is about to destroy our
               | civilization, and it's CSS.
        
               | ijidak wrote:
               | Or even better, node_modules.
               | 
               | "We have come to warn you. In your effort to create space
               | for node_modules, you will consume the galaxy."
        
               | RheingoldRiver wrote:
               | It's the year 2200. The world's machines are now all AI-
               | designed, prototyped, refined, produced, and distributed.
               | The supply chain hasn't received human interference in
               | over fifty years, and increasingly-accurate weather and
               | tectonic predictions generated by computer algorithms
               | have made supply chain errors obsolete.
               | 
               | But humanity is dissatisfied. With no existential threats
               | arising, people cannot find value in life. AI-generated
               | entertainment satisfies no one, and because no algorithm
               | can quantify "originality," no machine would ever advise
               | additional human involvement.
               | 
               | There is only one area of human civilization where AI is
               | not involved, and that's designing the CSS specification.
               | "But what if I want to position this element so that the
               | ultraviolet radiation is displayed with variable
               | additional intensity based on the size of the 3d
               | projection on the latest gen virtual assistant, but only
               | on Tuesdays? You can't possibly make me use _javascript_
               | to account for something that common, " bemoans one forum
               | poster.
               | 
               | What follows is chaos. Everyone has an opinion, some
               | thinking that the treatment infrared got in 2190 was
               | unfair to people with unmodified vision, others believing
               | that the accessibility option prefers-visible-spectrum
               | more than makes up for it. Still others want more
               | robustness than simply prefers-visible-spectrum; there
               | should be a native way to specify the exact wavelengths
               | of light that one can see. Minimalists argue that when
               | experiences are delivered directly to your brain, none of
               | this matters, but no one likes that argument.
               | 
               | The world hasn't experienced this large a conflict in
               | hundreds of years, and it is unprepared. As people flock
               | to the Great CSS Debate, they finally find a cause to
               | believe in, even if they have no real opinion on the
               | matter. Tempers escalate and battle lines are drawn. The
               | AI don't possess enough training data to deal with the
               | situation.
               | 
               | In the midst of the final collapse, a package is
               | delivered late. Just one package, and just one hour late,
               | but such a thing is unheard of. Distracted from the CSS
               | Wars, people flock to real-time trackers of all mail
               | delivery. Are the weather models breaking down? Did
               | Moore's Law finally stop, and as a result the AI
               | infrastructure cannot keep up with the power needed in
               | today's world?
               | 
               | This new drama captivates the world's population so
               | deeply that the apocalypse is avoided. And the scientific
               | outpost of the Vrexon goes back to observation mode to
               | await the next crisis.
        
               | muttled wrote:
               | Find an old webserver in the wreckage. Never able to see
               | what it serves because it requires Flash.
        
               | spacecadet wrote:
               | wow downvotes?! Forget this community, signing off.
        
           | btown wrote:
           | Cascading Stellar Sheets: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/
           | 10.1086/379854/fulltext/2...
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | I'm not sure I want to meet the alien species that can arrange
         | a star system into a prime sequence.
        
           | arein3 wrote:
           | The longer time you get to do that the less energy is
           | required
        
           | Keegs wrote:
           | Especially if the universe really is a dark forest. Although,
           | if you wanted to stay undetected, why would you advertise
           | your solar system like this?
        
             | smegsicle wrote:
             | honeypot
        
       | aqme28 wrote:
       | Are we more likely to find alien tech in a "mathematically
       | perfect" star system? Why?
       | 
       | The article doesn't mention it.
        
         | JohnMakin wrote:
         | if you don't mention why - it can't be under scrutiny!
        
         | dwighttk wrote:
         | Trying to find a signal in the noise
        
         | kekebo wrote:
         | I'm guessing the assumption is that it was manipulated by an
         | intelligent actor into the described 'perfection'.
        
         | RockCoach wrote:
         | The implication is that is the star system had potentially been
         | artificially modified or even designed. Any entity capable of
         | performing such a feat that must logically possess advanced
         | technology. That's all.
        
           | Lance_ET_Compte wrote:
           | If they had any real intelligence, they would keep quiet
           | about it!
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Makes me think about the blunder from the first season of
             | _Star Trek: Picard_. A mysterious, unknown star system,
             | hidden deep in Romulan space[0], with 8 stars and a
             | habitable-ish planet suspended in the middle. Clearly
             | engineered. But I can 't imagine how it could stay hidden;
             | I'd expect it to stick out like a sore thumb from across
             | the galaxy on any star survey, even with present-day
             | telescopes...
             | 
             | --
             | 
             | [0] - An antagonist space empire in the franchise.
        
               | 3836293648 wrote:
               | (Haven't seen it)
               | 
               | Engineered when? Just because they can send information
               | and travel faster than light doesn't mean that the light
               | from there has reached federation space. A survey would
               | have to have been done nearby to see it
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_forest_hypothesis
             | and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Killing_Star
             | 
             | If they are brave they might build something like that in
             | order to attract attention, it is starting to look feasible
             | to not just inspect solar systems in detail but to send and
             | receive messages using methods like
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_gravitational_lens
        
           | tossit444 wrote:
           | Seems like they're missing something, eh?
        
         | riskable wrote:
         | They might not be planets but planet-sized, artificially-
         | created cities/machinery/engineered objects. Think about it: If
         | you were tasked with creating a planet-sized thing why would
         | you give it anything less than a perfect orbit? You'd also put
         | it in orbit around a super stable dwarf star to maximize the
         | useful life of the project.
         | 
         | Even if they are planets, imperfect orbits lead to problems in
         | the _looooooong_ term. An alien civilization may forcibly alter
         | the orbits of the planets in their solar system in order to
         | stabilize it. E.g. before turning their star into an engine
         | that moves everything along with it across the universe (e.g.
         | out of the way of an incoming problem like a black hole or to
         | prevent an astronomical collision).
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | Makes me think of how the Puppeteers in Niven's _Known Space_
           | escaped the explosion at the center of the galaxy by moving 5
           | planets in this configuration
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klemperer_rosette
           | 
           | with an inertialess drive that (I think) they bought from the
           | Outsiders.
        
             | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
             | I thought they mortgaged the drive, and were more than a
             | little upset at how onerous the terms were.
        
         | nicklecompte wrote:
         | This title is pure clickbait which preys on peoples ignorance
         | about astronomy + millennia of unscientific ideology about the
         | Golden Ratio.
         | 
         | Orbital resonance is a common phenomenon - the Galilean moons
         | of Jupiter are in resonant orbits - and I suspect this system
         | is interesting but not unique. In fact a quick search found a
         | different system with 5 resonant orbits:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOI-178 Orbital resonance is
         | quite common with young solar systems so the interesting thing
         | about HD 110067 is that it has remained in orbital resonance
         | for billions of years. It is childish to think that aliens
         | moved the planets around.
         | 
         | The paper itself[1] only briefly mentions the resonant
         | property. Nobody is _directly_ claiming that the aliens caused
         | the planets to do this because making such a claim with zero
         | evidence is ridiculous. But they certainly understand what they
         | 're doing with the clickbait title :(
         | 
         | [1] https://www.space.com/alien-technosignatures-exoplanet-
         | mathe...
        
           | BirAdam wrote:
           | Upvoted ya cuz you're correct. However, I'd add that while
           | nature can absolutely create straight lines, it is often
           | advisable to investigate for prior human activity if you
           | stumble upon a straight line in a cave or under the ocean.
        
             | nicklecompte wrote:
             | My point is that the phrase "mathematically perfect" is
             | very misleading because it makes us think of straight lines
             | and perfect circles but this simply is not the same kind of
             | mathematical "perfection." I suspect this is more like an
             | unusually high-quality gemstone than it is an perfectly
             | round rock - very rare but not particularly mysterious. In
             | particular this is an example of the _six_ -body problem
             | and orbital resonance might be a steady state if all the
             | planets have similar mass.
        
               | BirAdam wrote:
               | The gemstone comparison is quite apt. Hadn't thought of
               | it that way. Of course, humans will place meaning in
               | anything/everything if they don't train themselves not to
               | do so. I'd love someone to do a blog where all it is is
               | tearing apart junk articles. That'd be a fun Sunday
               | morning read.
        
       | pavel_lishin wrote:
       | Reminds me of a bit from a novel I read (won't be naming the
       | title to avoid spoilers) where one of the minor twists is that
       | the gigastructure of galaxies that we observe in the universe -
       | the thing that's conducive to things like "star formation" and
       | "life" - is an art project by intelligent species who've been
       | alive since around the time of the Big Bang.
       | 
       | (No, it's not part of the Xeelee Sequence :P)
        
         | philomath_mn wrote:
         | You're talking about the ending of Men in Black, right? ;)
        
         | 52-6F-62 wrote:
         | Hermes?
        
         | digging wrote:
         | Well, on an unrelated note, do you have any scifi author
         | recommendations?
        
           | pavel_lishin wrote:
           | I have _so many_. In real life, this is where I get a very
           | intense look in my eye, and about 50% of the time, I can see
           | that the person I 'm speaking with has realized that they're
           | now trapped in an hour-long conversation with me.
           | 
           | I'll make it a short list of recent authors I've liked:
           | 
           | - Adrian Tchaikovsky. He's best known for his Children of
           | Time series, but his other scifi books are also excellent; I
           | haven't read the fantasy ones. "The Expert System's Brother"
           | is particularly excellent.
           | 
           | - James Cambias. "A Darkling Sea" is a tremendously cool
           | novel set at the bottom of an ocean under a moon's icy
           | surface. Arkad's World has some very interesting world-
           | building & aliens. And Corsair is a fun near-future
           | technothriller about near-space and moon mining.
           | 
           | - Stephen Baxter (author of the Xeelee Sequence) writes very
           | good books, but just about none of them have a happy ending,
           | and they're mostly grim - but very interesting.
           | 
           | - It's not HN if I don't recommend Greg Egan, Peter Watts,
           | and Neal Stephenson.
        
             | digging wrote:
             | Thanks. I have yet to read the first 3, so I'll add them to
             | the list. If I'm lucky, maybe I'll stumble into that art-
             | project novel.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | None of those are that novel, but I gave the answer in
               | base64 elsewhere in the thread!
               | 
               | That particular novel isn't the author's best work, but
               | it's decent - his other stuff is much, much better imo.
        
             | nozzlegear wrote:
             | Children of Time is such a great series, one of my
             | favorites. I really loved the two corvid characters in the
             | latest book. Tchaikovsky really is a great sci-fi writer,
             | I'd recommend his Shards of Earth trilogy.
             | 
             | I'm also surprised to see somebody recommend A Darkling
             | Sea! I don't think I've ever met someone else who's read it
             | and recommended it before. The somewhat odd sidestory of
             | the aliens who communicate through sex has turned off the
             | couple people I've recommended it to from the story, pun
             | not intended.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | I am desperately trying to find the third book as a
               | borrowable e-book at a library, but I'm coming up blank
               | :/
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | I'm convinced Tchaikovsky must be a collection of writers
             | or using a generative AI heavily because nobody can write
             | that many interesting books in such a short time.
             | 
             | I'm working through The Final Architecture series right
             | now, it's got some absolutely great SF.
        
               | tekkk wrote:
               | That's an interesting point. It seems though the man has
               | written many books prior getting published so maybe he is
               | just running through his back catalogue. Remarkable
               | perseverance to keep going after all the rejections.
        
         | justusthane wrote:
         | If you would recommend it, could you email the title to
         | j@justus.ws? I'm on a sci-fi kick lately and always looking for
         | good recs.
        
           | pavel_lishin wrote:
           | Will do. I also recommended some authors in another comment
           | in this thread, and I try to keep my Goodreads mostly up to
           | date, including ratings:
           | https://www.goodreads.com/user/show/4016206-pavel-lishin
        
         | Ecoste wrote:
         | Comment the title is base64 to avoid spoilers because ChatGPT
         | does not recognize what book this is.
        
           | pavel_lishin wrote:
           | Good idea!
           | 
           | Um9iZXJ0IEogU2F3eWVyIC0gU3RhcnBsZXgK
        
             | awskinda wrote:
             | Holy cow. ChatGPT 4 actually decoded this. It went into
             | analysis mode, wrote some python, ran it, and gave the
             | correct answer.
        
               | z3phyr wrote:
               | Its base64. Its not an encryption.
        
               | awskinda wrote:
               | Sure, but it's pretty amazing to me that ChatGPT didn't
               | just hallucinate a response to a generic request to
               | decode a string. It recognized the string as base64,
               | wrote a valid program to decode it, and returned the
               | correct response.
               | 
               | Maybe I'm just old and amazed, but that seems pretty cool
               | (terrifying?) to me.
        
               | vik0 wrote:
               | Why are you surprised? Is base64 hard for chatgpt, or am
               | I missing something?
        
               | awskinda wrote:
               | I basically said "decode this thing."
               | 
               | I'm just surprised it hit all the steps properly rather
               | than hallucinating a response.
        
               | seanhunter wrote:
               | Base64 encoding is a common way of jailbreaking LLMS. The
               | llm just deals with vectorspaces so to it, base64 is just
               | another language for the encoding/tokenization layer to
               | learn.
        
               | awskinda wrote:
               | Yeah - I'm just shocked I didn't get a hallucinated
               | response for the query.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | I wonder what other code you could get it to execute for
               | free.
        
               | philomath_mn wrote:
               | It can also decode w/o analysis mode. Try GPT Classic
        
               | award_ wrote:
               | Gemini does too, not sure that's all too surprising
        
       | tempaway16741 wrote:
       | This article is clickbait
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Was this comment worth a new account though?
        
           | tempaway16741 wrote:
           | my usual one is locked by the noprocrast setting ; )
        
             | timeon wrote:
             | Apparently you need better tool.
        
       | jb1991 wrote:
       | What is the "mathematically perfect" aspect of this system? I
       | don't see it in the article.
        
         | aliceryhl wrote:
         | The caption for the picture says this:
         | 
         | > The six planets orbit their central star HD 110067 in a
         | harmonic rhythm with planets aligning every few orbits.
        
         | tromp wrote:
         | As detailed in the companion article [1], for every 54 orbits
         | of planet 1, planets 2..6 orbit 36, 24, 16, 12, and 8 times
         | respectively, giving successive ratios of 2/3, 2/3, 2/3, 3/4
         | and 3/4. After those 54 planet 1 orbits, all planets are in the
         | same relative position.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.space.com/six-sub-neptunes-found-100-light-
         | years...
        
           | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
           | If a K1.5 wanted to do that just for shits and giggles, is
           | there a viable way to slow down or speed up orbits of rocky
           | planets? Like, wouldn't they be shooting a bunch of mass out
           | of their system to even attempt this? If one could build a
           | Dyson sphere, is that more difficult or less difficult than
           | engineering a system like this? The sphere/swarm has some
           | absurd amount of mass all in a very uniform orbit around the
           | sun, and most of that mass didn't start there... so it sort
           | of seems like it's equivalent (but if so, they're much closer
           | to K2 than K1).
        
             | neocritter wrote:
             | If they have that level of control, they could simply
             | arrange for planets to smash each other to bits and reform
             | as a Dyson sphere.
        
             | ordu wrote:
             | _> is there a viable way to slow down or speed up orbits of
             | rocky planets?_
             | 
             | You can fly something massive near a target planet, while
             | using some kind of engine to keep a distance. Gravity will
             | do the rest. It may take some time of course, but all you
             | need is to do maintainance on an engine regularly.
             | 
             |  _> Like, wouldn 't they be shooting a bunch of mass out of
             | their system to even attempt this?_
             | 
             | It depends on a type of an engine. If you use solar sail
             | for example it is not the mass but light will be thrown
             | out.
             | 
             |  _> one could build a Dyson sphere, is that more difficult
             | or less difficult than engineering a system like this?_
             | 
             | Sphere seems to me more difficult. Not in a sense of
             | energies involved, but from a standpoint of engineering.
        
             | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
             | There's some principle that for a chaotic system, if the
             | accuracy with which you can measure it is smaller than the
             | largest perturbations you can make to it, you are willing
             | to wait many Lyapunov times, and you have enough compute;
             | then you can control the system. With this after a few
             | dozens of millions of years you could control the small
             | bodies of the solar system using relatively small thrusters
             | and a big radar installation, and then put them all on
             | aldrin cycler orbits to move momentum between the larger
             | bodies.
        
           | swores wrote:
           | > _After those 54 planet 1 orbits, all planets are in the
           | same position._
           | 
           | Could you please explain what you mean by this, as to my
           | layman's ears that sounds like either a confusingly-worded
           | sentence, or an impossibility (multiple planets in the same
           | location at the same time). Do they just all pass through one
           | specific same location once per orbit but at different times?
           | Or something else I'm not imagining?
        
             | NegativeK wrote:
             | They're in the same position they started, at the beginning
             | of the planet 1's 54 orbits.
        
               | swores wrote:
               | Ahh, thanks
        
             | tbihl wrote:
             | The planets have nice harmonics, so that rather than planet
             | 1 and planet 2 having some irrational ratio (planet 1 goes
             | around every 2.64782362 times for planet 2) it's round
             | fraction like 1/2. When you string the whole thing, the
             | lowest common multiple of revolutions is 54, so that _only_
             | every 54 planet-1-years, realignment returns.
             | 
             | The researchers hypothesize that this is sufficiently
             | improbable to point toward an embodied intelligence as the
             | cause.
        
             | tejtm wrote:
             | The same thing said different. Every 54 planet-one orbits,
             | a line from the star to planet-one would continue on
             | through the rest of the planets. (* assuming they are
             | nominally on the same plane)
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | Same angular offset, i.e they line up.
        
           | jamiek88 wrote:
           | Easily explained by natural and common resonance. A good
           | keyword is entrainment.
        
           | hermitcrab wrote:
           | It is not at all clear to me why the harmonics makes it any
           | more worth searching for aliens than any other solar system.
           | a) Why would aliens expend the enormous energy required to
           | engineer this? b) Isn't it vastly more likely to occur
           | naturally as some sort of resonance effect?
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | > a) Why would aliens expend the enormous energy required
             | to engineer this?
             | 
             | Maybe they built the system, and being lazy like we are
             | they chose some simple numbers
             | 
             | > b) Isn't it vastly more likely to occur naturally as some
             | sort of resonance effect?
             | 
             | Alien intelligence may be less likely than a natural
             | effect, but alien intelligence in this system is much more
             | likely than in a random system.
        
             | jamesgreenleaf wrote:
             | > Why would aliens expend the enormous energy required to
             | engineer this?
             | 
             | So there are these great big buildings in Egypt...
        
             | LinuxBender wrote:
             | I would lean towards this as well. There are countless
             | examples of interesting mathematical patterns in nature.
             | One can get pulled down this rabbit hole by watching some
             | of Randall Carlson's videos [1] and I can see why people
             | could be intrigued by the intelligent patterns. Having said
             | that I am not discounting the possibility of something or
             | someone creating these patterns only that they are replete
             | throughout the universe and even found in natural objects
             | on Earth. There is probably a formula one could use if the
             | mass and composition of the planets were known that would
             | explain the orbits.
             | 
             | [1] - https://www.youtube.com/@TheRandallCarlson/videos
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Neat. Is this something that tends to happen if there are
           | large planets close to the star? In our solar system, the
           | inner planets are small and the big outer planets are too far
           | out to affect each other much.
        
           | neilkk wrote:
           | The last ratio should be 2/3 again.
        
             | tromp wrote:
             | Actually the ratios are correct [1], but the typo is in my
             | inferred orbit count for planet 6 which should be 9, not 8.
             | Well spotted!
             | 
             | [1] https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/DEAyqYXn7pfD7ZboApakh
             | e-120...
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | All six planets orbit in resonance, with ratios of
         | 54:36:24:16:12:9, or three times 3:2 and two times 4:3.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD_110067#Planetary_system
        
       | redder23 wrote:
       | "alien" is just clickbait. I believe in aliens out there
       | somewhere but nothing any human has ever seen.
        
         | Ensorceled wrote:
         | I don't understand why "alien" is clickbait. If the system was
         | artificially created, do you think it is more likely that
         | humans are doing it?
        
           | redder23 wrote:
           | Neither humans nor aliens created it, obviously.
        
             | Ensorceled wrote:
             | I mean, that's literally what they are investigating. It's
             | an article about the search for intelligent life, if you
             | think that's nonsense, that's fine but it doesn't make it
             | "clickbait".
        
       | throw1234651234 wrote:
       | tldr:
       | 
       | 1. Star system 100ly away.
       | 
       | 2. Piqued interest of astronomical community, because "The six
       | planets orbit their central star HD 110067 in a harmonic rhythm
       | with planets aligning every few orbits"
       | 
       | 3. No accurate data on masses of planets.
       | 
       | 4. No radio signals or other "technosignatures" detected.
       | 
       | So, super unclear what #2 means and why this is interesting at
       | all / whether it's uncommon.
        
         | GordonS wrote:
         | This may be a silly question, but is it even possible to detect
         | radio signals from 100ly away?
        
           | throw1234651234 wrote:
           | The short answer is no. Not even from Alpha Centauri 4ly
           | away. A lot of people have misconceptions that we would
           | immediately detect these signals - we would not. MAYBE from
           | Alpha Centauri with a LOT of additional funding and effort,
           | but not as is. Details here:
           | 
           | https://space.stackexchange.com/questions/22617/can-we-
           | commu...
        
       | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
       | Is the implication that we're seeing the actions of a species
       | that can alter the orbits of planets?
        
         | doktrin wrote:
         | I think that's the only reasonable implication here. The
         | alternative would be to speculate that "mathematically perfect"
         | star systems are inherently more conducive to the development
         | of life - which doesn't really track.
        
         | SamBam wrote:
         | I remember reading a book by some kook with "PhD" in the author
         | line, proving that the pyramids were alien technology.
         | 
         | One of the key pieces of evidence was that the three great
         | pyramids perfectly line up in the way that the three stars in
         | Orion's Belt line up.
         | 
         | The three stars are such a perfect straight line that they
         | _must_ have been pushed into position by a hyper-advanced alien
         | race. (You know, to get them to line up perfectly from the
         | Earth 's perspective, which clearly would be important.)
         | 
         | But wait, that's not all. Not only are they so _perfectly_
         | lined up, but they also put ONE of the stars just out of
         | alignment, to show us exactly which star they came from, so we
         | could go visit them.
         | 
         | Even as a twelve year old I was like, wait... _any_ three
         | points form a  "perfectly straight line with one point out of
         | alignment..."
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | Probability.
        
       | seanhunter wrote:
       | From what I have heard, pretty much every star system
       | astrophysicists look at is investigated for potential anomalies
       | given how big a deal it would be to actually find strong evidence
       | of alien tech.
        
       | orblivion wrote:
       | Do the philosophical arguments against "Intelligent Design" as a
       | field of scientific inquiry apply here?
        
         | saalweachter wrote:
         | No, maybe, yes.
         | 
         | The philosophical argument against intelligent design is
         | unfalsifiable (any evidence could have been created by an
         | omnipotent creator for ineffable reasons), it is unnecessary to
         | account for any of the evidence we have so far, and its
         | proponents are not arguing in good faith.
         | 
         | "Could X be an alien megastructure?" isn't necessarily
         | unfalsifiable, could be an attempt to account for evidence that
         | doesn't fit in current theory, and could be in good faith, but
         | it could also be proposed by people who just _believe_ there
         | are aliens out there in cases where there are obvious
         | explanations and will just move on to a different  "but this is
         | definitely aliens" if the first doesn't pan out.
        
       | denton-scratch wrote:
       | > radio waves from satellites and telescopes beaming out in the
       | plane of our solar system
       | 
       | Surely radio telescopes don't "beam out" radio waves? They
       | receive them. If they are configured to transmit, like the Deep
       | Space Array, they don't beam in the plane of the solar system;
       | they beam at whatever spaceship they are trying to communicate
       | with.
       | 
       | Satellites even less; they have to conserve power, so they don't
       | send radio waves into outer space. Their antennae point at the
       | Earth.
       | 
       | Also, the sentence containing that fragment has no main verb, so
       | I had to read it several times to figure out what it meant.
        
         | JohnClark1337 wrote:
         | Not to mention if we did pick up an alien signal it would have
         | been sent a very very very long time ago
        
         | Kubuxu wrote:
         | We use some radio telescopes for radar astronomy.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_astronomy
        
       | calebm wrote:
       | This is a great video on why planetary orbits tend to sync up:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qyn64b4LNJ0. Ultimately, it comes
       | down to the concept of entrainment (the same reason metronomes on
       | the same surface tend to sync up).
        
       | onetimeuse92304 wrote:
       | I think the authors do not understand how planetary resonances
       | work and how precise (or imprecise) the orbits need to be for the
       | resonance to hold.
       | 
       | Resonances are very common. We have lots of resonances in our
       | Solar system in all different places between bodies.
       | 
       | For the resonance to be stable, two bodies do not need to have
       | mathematically precise orbits in relation to each other. There is
       | quite a wide margin for error. Once two planets are close enough
       | to the resonance, the resonance may become stable due to
       | feedback. What happens is planets will exchange energy back and
       | forth on each orbit in a way, that preserves the resonance. A
       | substantial input needs to be provided to break up the resonance.
       | 
       | What is actually interesting about this particular system is the
       | long chain of resonances. But that is also nothing super special
       | -- once you know how resonances form you can see how all of the
       | planets, when they are close enough to the resonance, will
       | transfer energy between themselves to snap into it and then
       | continue on their resonant orbits.
       | 
       | There is absolutely no reason to suggest that a resonance like
       | this must have come from unnatural origin. It would be like
       | saying that because the period of our Moons rotation is so
       | precisely the same as period of its orbit around Earth that it
       | always faces Earth with one side, that somebody must have put the
       | Moon on the orbit. That's obviously false, these resonances form
       | easily and naturally.
        
         | bilekas wrote:
         | > It would be like saying that because the period of our Moons
         | rotation is so precisely the same as period of its orbit around
         | Earth that it always faces Earth with one side, that somebody
         | must have put the Moon on the orbit
         | 
         | I don't think that's the implication though. Life on earth
         | would not be the same without the moon's orbit to provide
         | stable ocean current rides. I would imagine not having that
         | would add extra complexities to establish long term growth of
         | "life"?
        
           | darkmarmot wrote:
           | He's saying that tidally locked bodies are products of simple
           | physics and you can't extrapolate deeper meanings from them.
        
             | bilekas wrote:
             | Ah okay and I agree. I was just saying that they do seem to
             | promote the growth of life easier from what we can study at
             | least.
        
         | aptwebapps wrote:
         | The article does not claim anything like that even though the
         | headline could be interpreted that way, and maybe that was not
         | accidental.
         | 
         | Scientists are investigating the system simply because it has
         | properties that might make it easier to detect signals from.
        
         | rendall wrote:
         | What is the mechanism by which orbiting bodies exchange energy?
        
           | empath-nirvana wrote:
           | Gravitational waves.
        
             | jerf wrote:
             | Gravitational waves from planets are undetectably small.
             | They do it through gravity directly, as sandworm101 says.
             | You can model it with pure Newtonian gravity and get
             | resonance effects just fine.
             | 
             | See for instance:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qyn64b4LNJ0
        
         | empath-nirvana wrote:
         | The reason they're _actually_ looking at that system is that
         | we're looking directly down on it so we can see the orbits of
         | all the planets at once. It has nothing to do with thinking the
         | orbits are unnatural.
        
           | usefulcat wrote:
           | Are you sure? TFA states "HD 110067 is viewed edge on from
           | Earth", which doesn't sound like what you're describing. Of
           | course they could have made a mistake; I don't know either
           | way.
        
         | bunabhucan wrote:
         | >HD 110067 (TIC 347332255) is a bright K0-type star with a mass
         | about 80% that of the Sun, located at 12h39m21fs50,
         | 20deg01'40farcs0 (J2000). Breakthrough Listen (BL) is observing
         | additional targets selected from the Exoplanet Follow-up
         | Observing Program for TESS (ExoFOP-TESS) in addition to the
         | nearby star sample described by Isaacson et al. (2017). HD
         | 110067 is valuable as a technosignature target not only because
         | of its interest for biosignature searches. First, Earth views
         | the system edge-on, which increases the likelihood of detecting
         | radiation from any transmitters present whether intentional
         | (Traas et al. 2021) or resulting from planet-to-planet
         | transmissions which could be observed by their "spillover"
         | during planet-planet occultations (Ashtari 2023); second, the
         | large number of planets regardless of their position in the
         | star's habitable zone increases the likelihood that an advanced
         | civilization could have spread technology to neighboring
         | planets, as has happened in our own solar system (Wright et al.
         | 2022).
         | 
         | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ad235f
         | 
         | Nobody is suggesting the resonances are unnatural. The edge on
         | aspect helps the search in other ways.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | > I think the authors do not understand ...
         | 
         | The authors are scientists from SETI, Berkeley, Oxford, and
         | NASA. Probably they understand anything you (or I) understand
         | about the topic, and quite a bit more. (A funny phenomenon is
         | that if they posted here, starting their comment with 'SETI
         | researcher here ...', we would all listen to them and ask
         | questions. If they 'post' a paper to a journal, a paper they
         | spent years researching and revising, alongside other
         | scientists, we disregard them.)
         | 
         | Like many similar HN comments, I think there's a valid question
         | in there. IMHO it's a mistake to immediately conclude that,
         | perceiving some inconsistency, the other person must be wrong,
         | obviously ridiculous, etc. That doesn't make sense unless I am
         | omniscient: the inconsistency between my idea and theirs could
         | just as easily be a problem on my end - much more easily when
         | comparing my ideas of orbital physics with those authors. Here
         | is how I have learned to think of it (using this example):
         | 
         |  _To me, it seems clear that planetary resonances explain the
         | observed phenomenon. Obviously the authors thought of that; how
         | did they address that issue?_
         | 
         | Humility is truth, unless you are a god.
        
       | DrBazza wrote:
       | To paraphrase Pratchett: million to one chances happen nine times
       | out of ten.
       | 
       | Space is big, really big, etc. so it's no surprise we've found
       | something like this just through chance alone. One of the planets
       | is probably Bethselamin.
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | Yeah... feels like someone isn't familiar with the law of large
         | numbers...
        
           | empath-nirvana wrote:
           | I think it's mostly that people didn't read the article. The
           | planets are interesting to study because of the angle we're
           | looking at them and for no other reason. They happened to be
           | aligned in such a way that we can get interesting
           | measurements from them.
        
             | UberFly wrote:
             | Yea the headline is misleading making it sound like the
             | planet orbits were engineered.
        
       | the_shivers wrote:
       | Reminds me of Omphalos by Ted Chiang.
        
       | kloch wrote:
       | Wiki page for the star system:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD_110067
        
       | alienicecream wrote:
       | Imagine there are no aliens intelligent in the way humans are,
       | and nature doesn't care about us any more than it cares about a
       | species of gnat, and that knowledge and discovery is not the
       | purpose of life.
        
       | NooneAtAll3 wrote:
       | Reminds me of Titius-Bode law[1], where simple equation correctly
       | gave orbits of all the known planets, while predicting one more
       | in asteroid belt and correct distance to Uranus. Only was
       | considered disproven when Neptune didn't work.
       | 
       | I would not trust these relations even existing (other than by
       | pure chance). Even less I'd trust any intelligent design behind
       | it
       | 
       | [1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titius%E2%80%93Bode_law
        
         | stronglikedan wrote:
         | > other than by pure chance
         | 
         | Barring intelligent design, there's an extremely good chance
         | that at least _one_ of these systems exist, and an equally good
         | chance that _only_ one exists, and we 're just lucky enough to
         | have observed it.
        
           | beambot wrote:
           | Why would it be an equally good chance that _only_ one
           | exists?
        
           | jamiek88 wrote:
           | I don't understand how one follows from the other there?
        
         | firebaze wrote:
         | I'd suppose the astronomers behind this study know that "law"
         | also, and ruled it out.
         | 
         | Not very far fetched, in my opinion.
        
       | primer42 wrote:
       | What is a "mathematically perfect" orbit?
        
         | seanhunter wrote:
         | It obeys Kepler's laws really really well. As opposed to those
         | mathematically imperfect orbits that sometimes get the signs
         | wrong when they do integration by parts and end up sending the
         | planet spinning off in the wrong direction.
         | 
         | But seriously others in the various threads above have
         | explained but it's to do with the orbital periods forming
         | precise ratios so the planets align very pleasingly every now
         | and then.
        
       | thereisnoself wrote:
       | I've often thought planet TrEs-2b [0], the darkest planet ever
       | discovered orbiting a star, would be the best candidate for extra
       | terrestrial life. My theory is that its darkness is down to the
       | fact that the civilisation there has figured out a way to harness
       | solar energy to near 100% capacity, along the lines of a Dyson
       | sphere [1].
       | 
       | [0] https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/exoplanet-catalog/1716/tres-2-b
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyson_sphere
        
         | dmazin wrote:
         | That's an interesting exoplanet, though not sure how someone
         | would live on a gas giant.
        
           | thereisnoself wrote:
           | I don't think it makes sense for a humanoid species, but
           | silicon based, perhaps? Iain M Banks' The Algebraist [0] has
           | a near immortal species called Dwellers that manage it
           | somehow :)
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Algebraist#:~:text=Dwel
           | ler....
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | this is one of my favorites by Banks. Really mind-twisting.
        
           | downWidOutaFite wrote:
           | Presumably gas planets have a layer dense enough that a solid
           | would float.
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | And not melt?
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | Maybe they don't. They might live on a rocky planet further
           | out and just use TrES-2b as a place to run their solar farm
           | because it's extremely close to their star and (due to being
           | uninhabited) didn't have any NIMBYs opposing large-scale
           | construction projects.
           | 
           | Note how far out from the planet's orbit NASA expects the
           | habitable zone. We aren't very good yet at finding planets
           | that aren't huge or nearly hugging their star, so there might
           | be planets out there.
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | To be fair, if your solar farm can be in orbit around a
             | planet that's not your legal address for tax purposes, it
             | can just orbit the star?
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | Maybe building on the planet had some advantages during
               | construction, like easier delivery or being able to use
               | local resources. Or maybe the atmosphere helps with
               | thermal management. Or being on a planet is useful for
               | the infrastructure that does something with all that
               | power (beaming it to other planets, producing solid,
               | liquid or antimatter fuel for export, refueling space
               | ships or robots, etc). Tax purposes. Diplomatic reasons,
               | maybe there are established protocols for owning planets
               | but large scale light blocking installations in orbit
               | would upset a neighboring nation (though you suspect
               | their opposition has more to do with simmering tensions
               | over the Agreppo peninsula than with concerns about the
               | impact on agriculture). There are plenty of plausible
               | reasons, probably all wrong.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | Could be legacy reasons. Maybe they initially built it
               | around this planet, or maybe they're from a moon in or it
               | around it, and now it provides more than enough energy
               | for their needs. I find people looking for aliens always
               | expect them to be doing the most efficient thing and
               | forgoing any semblance of history.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | Aww man would be so cool to meet aliens and they show us
               | around their stuff, and it all seems really dumb and
               | convoluted, and they hate it too, but it would be too
               | expensive to rip it all out and start over...
        
           | exe34 wrote:
           | In accelerando by Charlie stross, they live on raft that
           | covers a large percentage of the planet's sky.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | Maybe they live on a moon or two.
        
         | julienchastang wrote:
         | The NASA exoplanet visualizer is very cool. Did not know about
         | that. Thanks for sharing. I imagine those hypothetical
         | visualizations will improve over time as our understanding of
         | the exoplanet data gets better. It is amazing what you can
         | derive from a single pixel of light.
        
           | PoignardAzur wrote:
           | Not sure why, but the visualizer is giving me a strong urge
           | to boot _Outer Wilds_ again.
        
             | h4x0rr wrote:
             | Love that game
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | > My theory is that its darkness is down to the fact that the
         | civilisation there has figured out a way to harness solar
         | energy to near 100% capacity, along the lines of a Dyson sphere
         | [1].
         | 
         | Very unlikely, in light of the fact that "the air of this
         | planet is as hot as lava".
        
           | bloggie wrote:
           | Isn't that the expected outcome when energy production
           | eventually outpaces the planet's ability to dissipate energy
           | into space?
        
             | lisper wrote:
             | No. The temperature of the atmosphere has nothing to do
             | with whether or not aliens are harvesting the energy. At
             | equilibrium, all of the incoming energy has to get radiated
             | back out into space eventually whether there are aliens
             | harvesting that energy or not.
             | 
             | The problem with an atmosphere hotter than lava is that
             | very few materials are solid at those temperatures, and
             | it's hard to imagine how a civilization could build an
             | energy harvester without solid materials.
        
               | theossuary wrote:
               | This is a great video that touches on your point, the
               | Earth must radiate the heat it receives to stay in
               | equilibrium, even if it uses it to do work in the
               | process.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxL2HoqLbyA
        
               | im3w1l wrote:
               | If we extract the maximum possible entropy of the
               | incoming radiation wouldn't that mean we radiated at
               | high-intensity but low-temperature?
        
               | landryraccoon wrote:
               | What does that mean?
               | 
               | Everyday objects don't work like that. Saying ice cubes
               | are cold is roughly equivalent to saying that they
               | radiate less heat than the objects around them. If they
               | radiated at "high intensity" then they wouldn't be cold
               | anymore.
               | 
               | "A cold object that radiates heat at high intensity" is a
               | contradiction.
        
               | im3w1l wrote:
               | Only for black body radiation do we have a perfect
               | correspondance between spectrum and intensity. But there
               | can be other ways of radiating. Non-black bodies.
               | Antennas. Lasers.
        
               | alwayslikethis wrote:
               | Secondarily, thermodynamics and other effects make many
               | processes much less efficient at higher temperatures,
               | examples including engines and solar panels.
        
               | 11101010001100 wrote:
               | Sure, energy in equals energy out at equilibrium, but
               | another option is to have a steady state solution where
               | energy is generated leading to potentially large
               | temperature gradients.
        
               | ebcode wrote:
               | They could be using iridium. When we're talking about
               | aliens, we're already in the realm of hard-to-imagine,
               | but it's worthwhile, I think.
        
               | mianos wrote:
               | Those liquid green aliens are probably looking at us and
               | going "how can life exist with so much matter in solid
               | form and so cold".
        
               | goatlover wrote:
               | The protomolecule was able to build structures on Venus.
               | Then again, if your civilization was over a billion years
               | old, all sorts of things might become possible.
               | 
               | That being said, it's never actually aliens in astronomy.
               | So far, anyway.
        
             | awesomeideas wrote:
             | Well, it's not going to outpace it, exactly. Unless the
             | temperature is actually increasing (or decreasing), the
             | energy in matches the energy radiated away, less the non-
             | heat work.
        
               | jdmichal wrote:
               | > less the non-heat work.
               | 
               | Doesn't all the non-heat work eventually just become
               | heat? Or am I misunderstanding your usage? Like a car
               | with a solar panel still ends up radiating work as heat,
               | by either air resistance (heat) or brake friction (heat).
        
           | aylmao wrote:
           | I wonder how temperature is measured for an object this far
           | away. If it's calculated based on the expected energy
           | absorption of a planet with this level of reflectivity, the
           | measurement would be wrong anyway, assuming alien tech.
           | 
           | Instead of the energy being absorbed as heat by the planet,
           | it'd instead be stored in some other form or used for
           | interstellar travel, construction etc, right?
        
         | holoduke wrote:
         | That would be a strong alien to deal with 1.5 Jupiter gravity
         | :)
        
         | ars wrote:
         | > My theory is that its darkness is down to the fact that the
         | civilisation there has figured out a way to harness solar
         | energy to near 100% capacity, along the lines of a Dyson sphere
         | 
         | That doesn't work quite the way you think. If you harness all
         | the energy your planet will start to glow, first red, then
         | white. Eventually becoming as hot as your star, at which point
         | you stop gaining energy.
         | 
         | Unless they are somehow converting that energy to matter, the
         | laws of thermodynamics mean that all that energy eventually
         | becomes heat.
        
           | bjelkeman-again wrote:
           | Take incoming energy and make antimatter. Store for use
           | outside of the sphere. That will be my premise for the book I
           | am writing. ;)
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | Harvesting energy is a misnomer, what we want is the
           | syntropy: the available work.
           | 
           | If we turned the Earth into a black body and used all Solar
           | radiation to run computers or move stuff around at the
           | theoretical limit, we'd still need the surrounding space to
           | radiate off the heat as our cold well. So the temperature
           | would be at whatever that equilibrium condition is, but
           | wouldn't steadily increase. The equilibrium condition could
           | be all over the place and would be largely determined by the
           | composition of the atmosphere.
           | 
           | For the record I'm not in favor of paperclipping the planet
           | like this. If anyone was wondering.
        
       | uiuiiuiui wrote:
       | This is about as exciting as the Face on Mars, and for the same
       | reasons
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cydonia_(Mars)
        
       | kypro wrote:
       | What's the reasoning to suspect aliens here?
       | 
       | Are we hypothesising Aliens could be anal for mathematical
       | perfection, or is it that there's some utility in having a
       | mathematically perfect star system such that an advanced alien
       | civilisation might decide to engineer their star system in this
       | way?
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | We make a lot of observations, doesn't it make sense that we
       | would see some improbable stuff?
        
         | HumblyTossed wrote:
         | Yes.
        
         | cal85 wrote:
         | Yes, and it makes sense that we take a closer look at the
         | improbable stuff in case it's aliens.
        
       | wolverine876 wrote:
       | For those saying that resonance explains the phenomenon, the
       | paper doesn't seem to say that the 'mathamatically perfect'
       | orbits are signs of intelligence:
       | 
       |  _... the star HD 110067 has six sub-Neptune planets, all of
       | which orbit their host star in a stable resonant chain. As the
       | brightest star known to have at least four planets, with all
       | planets in a remarkably ordered orbital configuration, HD 110067
       | offers an unprecedented opportunity to study the orbital
       | evolution of planetary systems and the atmospheric compositions
       | of sub-Neptunes. Three of the planets have low densities which
       | suggest large, hydrogen-rich atmospheres. Sub-Neptune planets are
       | one of the most common types of exoplanet discovered to date, so
       | the question of whether they could support liquid water is
       | crucial for target prioritization in the Search for
       | Extraterrestrial Intelligence._
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       |  _... HD 110067 is valuable as a technosignature target not only
       | because of its interest for biosignature searches. First, Earth
       | views the system edge-on, which increases the likelihood of
       | detecting radiation from any transmitters present whether
       | intentional (Traas et al. 2021) or resulting from planet-to-
       | planet transmissions which could be observed by their "spillover"
       | during planet-planet occultations (Ashtari 2023); second, the
       | large number of planets regardless of their position in the
       | star's habitable zone increases the likelihood that an advanced
       | civilization could have spread technology to neighboring planets,
       | as has happened in our own solar system (Wright et al. 2022)._
       | 
       | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ad235f
        
       | tim_hutton wrote:
       | Two orbital things we might look for:
       | 
       | 1. Activity in geostationary orbits.
       | 
       | 2. Orbits where the planet's year is exactly divisible by its
       | day, eliminating leap years.
        
         | jl6 wrote:
         | Are you suggesting #2 is sufficiently unlikely to occur
         | naturally that it becomes a likely technosignature of an alien
         | race whose programmers got so fed up with calendrical
         | calculations that they megaengineered their planet's rotation
         | as a way of streamlining their datetime libraries?
        
           | psychlops wrote:
           | Programmers with that amount of political power are
           | definitely a sign of an advanced race.
        
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