[HN Gopher] The Earth is getting greener
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Earth is getting greener
        
       Author : besmirch
       Score  : 137 points
       Date   : 2024-02-24 05:48 UTC (17 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.vox.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.vox.com)
        
       | Aardwolf wrote:
       | > industrial cropland typically produces more carbon emissions
       | than it absorbs over the long term
       | 
       | Question about this: where does the extra carbon it emits come
       | from? Is it already in the land beforehand?
        
         | dvh wrote:
         | From trucks coming to and from fields?
        
         | virgildotcodes wrote:
         | Fertilizer?
        
         | nicklecompte wrote:
         | I believe Vox slightly screwed this up but it's an
         | understandable mistake: the article[1] refers to _CO2
         | equivalent_ of emissions, not literal CO2. In particular
         | methane from fertilizers seems to have a more negative impact
         | on overall greenhouse gases than whatever CO2 the plants are
         | absorbing.
         | 
         | [1] https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/acd5e8
        
           | api wrote:
           | It has a much shorter atmospheric half life though, on the
           | order of a decade vs thousands of years for CO2. If we cut
           | methane emissions this will have a near term impact whereas
           | cutting CO2 emissions just stops things from getting worse as
           | fast. It reverses nothing.
        
             | hanniabu wrote:
             | Atmospheric methane converts to co2
        
               | bsza wrote:
               | Methane's greenhouse effect is 80 times more powerful
               | than that of CO2, so cutting methane right now would have
               | near-immediate effects as it would convert to less potent
               | CO2 in a matter of years. Whereas cutting CO2 would stop
               | things from getting worse, but wouldn't have an immediate
               | reversal effect like methane would.
               | 
               | It's a one-off trick that would buy us some time
               | (assuming we can implement it).
        
         | traverseda wrote:
         | Petro chemical based fertilizer and gas powered equipment.
        
       | pmayrgundter wrote:
       | Related study that blew my mind.. DOE & USDA funded a 2021 NBER
       | study of CO2 fertilization on US agriculture:
       | 
       | "we apply the CO2 fertilization effect... backwards to 1940, and,
       | assuming no other limiting factors, find that CO2 was the
       | dominant driver of yield growth
       | 
       | https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w29320/w293...
        
         | zdragnar wrote:
         | "assuming no other limiting factors" is doing a lot of the
         | heavy lifting there.
        
           | dsizzle wrote:
           | Seems that greenhouse experiments would allow us to get a
           | pretty good estimate for the effect of CO2 on yields, so
           | actually I wouldn't think we'd need to do that much assuming?
        
             | varelaseb wrote:
             | I think what they're getting at is the most common limiting
             | factor for plant growth is almost never CO2. It's usually
             | Nitrogen, or another two of the macro (P,K) or
             | micronutrients.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | That, and weed management, and GPS assisted machinery.
               | 
               | Pretty much every agriculture advancement since the
               | tractor and other machinery has been getting around the
               | limiting factors of plant growth.
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | In an industrial greenhouse setting sometimes CO2 is pumped in
         | for yields.
        
         | throw310822 wrote:
         | So one of the climate feedback loops we forgot to consider is
         | more CO2 -> more food -> more people -> more energy consumption
         | -> more CO2?
        
       | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
       | England is very green at the moment. At least the areas that
       | aren't flooded are.
       | 
       | The issue for humans isn't the "amount of green", it's high
       | quality crop yields.
       | 
       | Increasing CO2 increases plant growth, but also lowers
       | nutritional value.
       | 
       | https://cupblog.org/2023/04/06/the-truth-about-rising-co2-an...
        
         | DinaCoder99 wrote:
         | We overproduce food for the human race by like 35% right now,
         | we have a long ways to go before we hit a population issue.
         | Regardless of all the hand-wringing certain rich people do
         | about the birth rates in Africa. A much more pressing concern
         | is our lack of any inclination to reasonably distribute it.
        
           | CalRobert wrote:
           | The population of cattle is a bigger concern than the
           | population of humans
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | Just the inefficiencies in beef yields alone could probably
           | feed half of Africa.
           | 
           | We've got a long, long, long way to go before half the world
           | is starving to death.
        
             | ADeerAppeared wrote:
             | It's so much more than that.
             | 
             | We produce ~77 million tonnes of beef, using (at the 1:25
             | ratio) 1925 million tonnes of feed.
             | 
             | Africa currently imports most of it's grains, let's take a
             | generous estimate of ~75 million tonnes of grain. Add
             | another 25 million tonnes for their local production.
             | 
             | And we're still off by a factor of 19x.
             | 
             | Food production capacity is a non-issue. Availability to
             | the people who need it is the real problem, and that is
             | primarily about our willingness to aid those who need it
             | and make some personal sacrifices for the greater good.
        
           | Razengan wrote:
           | > _we have a long ways to go before we hit a population
           | issue._
           | 
           | I wish people who say that would actually live in the
           | overpopulated regions of the world for just 1 month.
        
             | DinaCoder99 wrote:
             | > I wish people who say that would actually live in the
             | overpopulated regions of the world for just 1 month.
             | 
             | People need to stop dragging 19th century nonsense into a
             | globalized economy. Regional carrying capacity is certainly
             | a thing, but the primary constraint in most areas today
             | isn't food (which is, after all, rather easy to ship and
             | process) but water. Anyway, you can apply the same
             | reasoning to migration as I did to food. It's just not
             | really an issue outside of political utility. The US alone
             | could support literally billions of people if we gave a
             | shit about anything other than money.
        
               | starluz wrote:
               | I've heard this argument before and it is insane to me.
               | Re comment above have you been to an overpopulated
               | region? It is not just about food. Logically movement
               | becomes more limited and difficult with people literally
               | in each others way. Regions become incredibly
               | inefficient. We are independent beings not meant to live
               | like sardines
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | spoken like a true "inner"
        
         | api wrote:
         | The whole environmental movement made a mistake framing things
         | as a moralistic struggle to "save the Earth." Like George
         | Carlin famously said on this subject: "the Earth will be fine.
         | We're fucked.
         | 
         | The Earth has been far warmer with higher CO2 concentrations in
         | its past and it was fine, but there were no humans then. It's
         | also been in an ice age fairly recently, but there was little
         | civilization as far as we know and far fewer humans.
         | 
         | Environmental concerns are selfish. They're about protecting
         | our civilization and our quality of life. The Earth and its
         | ecosystem will change and adapt as usual, but that doesn't mean
         | we will.
         | 
         | The biggest dangers I see from CO2 are ocean acidification
         | leading to the collapse of ocean ecosystems that feed us, and
         | insane heat waves causing crop failures or even deadly
         | temperatures. Look up "wet bulb temperature limit." There are
         | heat conditions under which humans die without shelter and
         | unlike cold you can't fix it by bundling up and using simple
         | tech. I could see heat waves where people without A/C die.
        
           | spacecadet wrote:
           | Ive used the same quote. This is an unpopular opinion, but
           | true.
        
             | zokier wrote:
             | Unpopular?
        
           | mylittlebrain wrote:
           | How should the environmental movement frame things?
        
             | api wrote:
             | Finding ways for humans to live well now without consuming
             | their children's ability to do the same in the future.
             | 
             | A good framing would also draw a link to fiscal
             | responsibility. A renewable sustainable civilization is
             | paying its bills fully. Fossil fuels and other non
             | renewable processes are putting it on a credit card, and
             | one with an unknown interest rate. Eventually you can't do
             | that anymore and the interest comes due. Right now humanity
             | is still putting something like 75% of its primary energy
             | use on credit.
             | 
             | The worst framing is the anti-human framing you see from
             | radical greens or films like Avatar. If you really hate
             | humans the logical thing would be to do nothing and let us
             | crap where we eat until we render our environment
             | inhospitable to us. If humans are the problem the activists
             | should go home.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | >A good framing would also draw a link to fiscal
               | responsibility
               | 
               | A good analogy with an under the table jab really. The
               | worst of the ultra green policies are absolutely murder
               | for financial responsibility.
               | 
               | There is no winning with the current "debate", and double
               | so with current "solutions".
        
             | rich_sasha wrote:
             | The moral failure of humanity is not really that we're
             | harming the world, but that we are harming humans. Humans
             | affected by climate change today, and the future humans
             | elsewhere, who will also suffer.
             | 
             | In some way, one animal causing the extinction of others
             | extracting resources and changing the environment is as
             | long as evolutionary biology itself. This is what all
             | animals do. We're just doing it at a much bigger scale.
        
             | leni536 wrote:
             | Save ourselves and our children.
        
           | logicprog wrote:
           | I agree with this. It's very frustrating seeing
           | environmentalists frame the struggle to reduce anthropogenic
           | climate change and pollution and use sustainable renewable
           | resources and so on as some kind of moralistic obligation to
           | some sort of abstract concept of nature, which is due
           | deference and submission as something morally "greater" than
           | ourselves that demands service, and as some kind of struggle
           | to project very weird and Christian notions of virginity and
           | purity onto the environment. It makes the logic singularly
           | unappealing to those who are not interested in subjecting
           | themselves to sacred ideas and don't buy into the ideas of
           | duty and obligation, much less to an abstract concept, and
           | don't like the aesthetics of purity -- and it is all the more
           | infuriating because all that pseudoreligious stuff is built
           | on a false premise anyway, as you point out. The "Earth
           | mother" or whatever the fuck will be fine, we are doing all
           | of this for ourselves and our own standards of living and
           | aesthetic values and nothing more, so why pretend otherwise?
        
             | silverquiet wrote:
             | I guess that sort of response begs the question of if there
             | is even anything greater to which humans owe some moral
             | obligation; it sounds like you don't thing there is (though
             | I apologize if this is reading more into your response than
             | is actually there).
             | 
             | But I suppose it really depends on what you mean by the
             | Earth being "fine" in the end. Obviously, as a large chunk
             | of iron, silicates, oxygen, carbon, et al, the Earth will
             | continue its journey through space for a long time to come.
             | Some forms of life will certainly persist for a few hundred
             | million years until such time as it becomes uninhabitable
             | due to stellar evolution. But if we humans are to wreak our
             | own destruction, we will be far from the first species we
             | remove from this Earth; we've already set about a mass
             | extinction that will register in the geographic record.
        
               | logicprog wrote:
               | > I guess that sort of response begs the question of if
               | there is even anything greater to which humans owe some
               | moral obligation; it sounds like you don't thing there is
               | (though I apologize if this is reading more into your
               | response than is actually there).
               | 
               | No worries, you did in fact read me correctly. I don't
               | really think moral obligations exist at all, and I don't
               | think anything has moral "authority" over anything else
               | either. In my opinion we are all just acting on our own
               | desires regarding ourselves and the state of the world in
               | general, and any appeals to sacred ideas or abstract
               | concepts or moral authorities or moral obligations is
               | just an attempt to project our own desires out onto the
               | world so we can pretend they are objective, to hide from
               | ourselves the fact that everything we do and want is
               | ultimately equally arbitrary and without justification or
               | legitimation. E.g., I'm a moral nihilist, not even a
               | moral relativist. So for me, it would be fine for
               | environmentalists to say that they _want_ to fight for
               | environmental causes because they _want_ to preserve
               | humanity 's standard of living and well-being, or because
               | they _want_ the environment to look and be treated a
               | certain way because that 's simply _how they desire it_
               | and it makes them happy -- and many environmentalists do
               | phrase things in that way in which case I don 't have a
               | problem with them -- but it annoys me when they try to
               | project their desires outwards and pretend like they are
               | objective.
               | 
               | > But I suppose it really depends on what you mean by the
               | Earth being "fine" in the end. Obviously, as a large
               | chunk of iron, silicates, oxygen, carbon, et al, the
               | Earth will continue its journey through space for a long
               | time to come. Some forms of life will certainly persist
               | for a few hundred million years until such time as it
               | becomes uninhabitable due to stellar evolution. But if we
               | humans are to wreak our own destruction, we will be far
               | from the first species we remove from this Earth; we've
               | already set about a mass extinction that will register in
               | the geographic record.
               | 
               | This is certainly a very fair point, and a good response
               | to what I was saying! However, I think the thing we have
               | to remember is that mass extinctions have happened
               | before, so if humanity wipes itself out and takes a huge
               | amount of species with it, that's still well within the
               | range of things the Earth has experienced before, even if
               | it is happening faster than it would usually have done.
               | After all, the actions of humans themselves are actions
               | that are part of nature, and so we can consider ourselves
               | fucking up the environment and extincting ourselves and a
               | bunch of other animals as part of a natural cycle of
               | adaptation just like any other species over hunting and
               | starving itself to extinction or something. We just
               | weren't fit to survive, in that case. Furthermore,
               | independent of how we define earth being fine, I do think
               | my point about moral obligations still stands from my
               | perspective. I don't want people to stop caring about the
               | environment, and I'll support that care, and honestly if
               | some people even really want to enforce their Christian
               | ideas of purity and virginity onto the environment then
               | very well -- they can continue fighting for that, and
               | I'll just simply ignore them, but at least be truthful!
        
               | nuancebydefault wrote:
               | > .......at least be truthful.
               | 
               | At least a tiny glimpse of morality, or would you name it
               | differently?
        
               | goatlover wrote:
               | > I guess that sort of response begs the question of if
               | there is even anything greater to which humans owe some
               | moral obligation
               | 
               | Nobody can prove that there is. Lots of people have faith
               | in a higher power of some kind, or objective morality.
               | Nobody can provide scientific evidence for it. Far as a I
               | can tell, natural is amoral and doesn't care. And humans
               | have never agreed as a whole on what that something
               | greater is.
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | I basically realized there was no god/religion was just
               | wishful thinking at a very young age, but I sort of held
               | onto the idea that we could all agree that keeping the
               | Earth habitable for humans was a worthwhile endeavor (I
               | mean, most people seem to want to have kids, right?). But
               | in the last decade or so I've even lost that belief.
        
               | goatlover wrote:
               | It's not so much people disagreeing about keeping the
               | Earth habitable and more so disagreeing about what that
               | means or entails. I don't see any realistic scenario
               | where the planet is inhabitable for humans, but certainly
               | things can make it less habitable for what will be 10
               | billion people and many other life forms.
        
             | itishappy wrote:
             | I don't really understand this attitude either. "You're
             | only _pretending_ to care about the Earth, but you
             | _actually_ care about humans and society as we know it! "
             | Right. Duh. So?
             | 
             | Some people are definitely weird about it. Others just
             | enjoy fish, or snow, or living without paying for AC. I'd
             | argue it's pretty illogical to equate these, and outright
             | dishonest to dismiss the latter due to the former.
             | 
             | The statements: "we're hurting Mother Earth" and "hot rocks
             | are still rocks" are both true and both useless, and
             | dogmatic adherence to either can be shortsighted.
        
               | logicprog wrote:
               | I'm not dismissing the latter due to the former at all,
               | or saying they're the same -- I point out in my original
               | comment not all environmentalists do this. My goals
               | actually align very much with most environmentalist so
               | I'm not trying to say that because some people use weird
               | rhetoric or justifications that we should just ignore the
               | entire movement and the issues at stake. I'm just talking
               | about a particular rhetorical move that I see
               | occasionally that I find a bit annoying. It isn't very
               | common here on hacker news, but in the circles I tend to
               | run in, which are very leftist, you see it a lot more
               | often.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | > The "Earth mother" or whatever the fuck will be fine, we
             | are doing all of this for ourselves and our own standards
             | of living and aesthetic values and nothing more, so why
             | pretend otherwise?
             | 
             | I consider myself very much on the side of "environmental
             | protection", but it's always been clear to me that our goal
             | is protect humanity, and secondarily, other animal species
             | (and that means protecting the plant species). Why else
             | would we be doing this? I don't think anyone is pretending
             | otherwise other than a few fringe people (there are always
             | some fringe people no matter which way you look).
        
           | gonzo41 wrote:
           | If you submerge yourself in water, like elephants do in the
           | hot of the day. you can survive really high wetbulb temps.
           | It's the days of continuous hot nights that's the issue.
        
           | tasty_freeze wrote:
           | Really, that is the worry, that "We are destroying the earth"
           | as a metaphor? People are confused by this? If I said, "Be
           | careful how you lift that heavy sack or you will destroy your
           | back" would you complain that while you might suffer a
           | debilitating injury, your back will not literally be
           | destroyed?
           | 
           | Of course what people mean when they warn about the
           | destruction of the earth is that it is going to have profound
           | and unpleasant effects on the climate system, which in turn
           | affects which parts of the world are favorable to human and
           | animal life. Those changes will cause large scale economic
           | changes, population dislocations, and thus political
           | stability.
        
             | macNchz wrote:
             | I do think a lot of people have a concept of "the
             | environment" not so much as it being our singular shared
             | home, but as some sort of vague notion of National Parks
             | and sea turtles, that are nice to protect but not
             | especially relevant to day-to-day life. Given the way many
             | people treat their own private homes, however, I'm not
             | entirely convinced that the distinction is relevant to
             | behavior, though.
        
           | Scarblac wrote:
           | > Environmental concerns are selfish.
           | 
           | That's overstating it.
           | 
           | Yes, life will go on. But it's not only us that will die - as
           | you say, much of the marine ecosystem will die off, we're not
           | the only animal that has problems with wet bulb temperature
           | (most don't even sweat), and humanity isn't going to die of
           | starvation before we make everything remotely edible out
           | there extinct first.
           | 
           | Life is going to look extremely different, it's not just us.
        
             | nuancebydefault wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure they meant 'selfish' in a positive way, to
             | emphasize that we are not aiming to 'save the planet', we
             | should save ourselves. If we all die, the planet and its
             | ecosystems will be fine eventually anyways, they still have
             | about 4 billion years to restore itself.
        
           | bryanlarsen wrote:
           | "The Earth is fine": of course, it's a giant ball of rock. A
           | few degrees isn't going to affect it.
           | 
           | "~90% of species are fucked": it's not the magnitude of the
           | change, it's the speed. The climate is changing on a decades-
           | long time scale, and that's too fast for most species and
           | ecosystems to adapt.
           | 
           | The corollary there is that ~10% of species will be fine, and
           | thrive. Like every mass extinction event the world will look
           | a lot different pre and post-extinction but it will
           | "survive".
           | 
           | Humans aren't fucked. We had pre-industrial humans living in
           | both the Arctic and the Sahara. We adapt the environment to
           | us, and we migrate quickly. If we destroy the environment we
           | can grow food in greenhouses. It'll be crazy expensive, but
           | we'll survive. The speed at which India is currently adopting
           | A/C shows how all but the bottom billion of humans are
           | already adapting to climate change. The bottom billion is
           | fucked, unless the top billion stops whining and starts doing
           | something.
           | 
           | The status quo is fucked. We're a bunch of spoiled brats that
           | think 10% inflation and the end of the world are calamities
           | of similar magnitude. If you want to get a good handle on
           | what true hardship is like, talk to a refugee or a member of
           | the greatest generation. (Do it quick, that means somebody
           | ~100 years old).
           | 
           | Is civilization fucked? It depends on how well it adapts, and
           | what your definition of "fucked" is. (see above).
        
             | lebean wrote:
             | As long as the top billion lets the bottom billion develop
             | like they have and use cheap energy, humans will continue
             | to be fine. Good, even.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | The bottom billion lives on $2 a day. It doesn't matter
               | how cheap energy is, they can't afford it.
               | 
               | OTOH your comment does apply to the second billion.
               | There's no energy cheaper than solar power, and solar
               | powered air conditioning is a great supply/demand match.
        
             | mp05 wrote:
             | > unless the top billion stops whining and starts doing
             | something.
             | 
             | The most vocal whiners I know still drive a giant 4Runner
             | and get new skis every year.
             | 
             | > We're a bunch of spoiled brats that think 10% inflation
             | and the end of the world are calamities of similar
             | magnitude.
             | 
             | What's the point of this statement? What solution are you
             | suggesting that will directly lead to inflation? Reduced
             | employment? Carbon taxes?
             | 
             | > fucked. fucked. fucked?
             | 
             | Lay off the John Oliver.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | > What's the point of this statement? What solution are
               | you suggesting that will directly lead to inflation?
               | Reduced employment? Carbon taxes?
               | 
               | Carbon taxes, yes.
               | 
               | > > fucked. fucked. fucked?
               | 
               | > Lay off the John Oliver.
               | 
               | Just echoing the tone of the comment I'm replying to. And
               | they were going Carlin, not Oliver.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | > Environmental concerns are selfish. They're about
           | protecting our civilization and our quality of life. The
           | Earth and its ecosystem will change and adapt as usual, but
           | that doesn't mean we will.
           | 
           | This is stating the obvious. Of course we're concerned with
           | our own survival and being able to live comfortably in it. I
           | don't see much of a problem them.
           | 
           | As far as the ecosystem adapting, yeah, eventually, but at
           | the cost of thousands/millions of species, as in the previous
           | extinction events.
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | > Environmental concerns are selfish.
           | 
           | I don't see how this comment connects with what you're
           | writing in your own comment. How is it selfish to want to
           | avoid needlessly suffering, as you're describing yourself
           | ("heat waves where people without A/C die")?
           | 
           | Obviously the earth as a habitable planet will be fine in the
           | long run, and some people have said some exaggerated, even
           | hysterical, things about this. But that doesn't mean the
           | concerns aren't valid. And everything will be fine "in the
           | long run", so it's also one of those discussion-stopper
           | arguments you can apply to almost everything.
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | The point is that the environmental argument has been "Save
             | the planet!", when the actual motive is "Save our
             | civilization!" The planet will be fine, because as apex
             | predators, humanity is going to be one of the first species
             | to go extinct with a major environmental change, and then
             | the rest of the biosphere will adapt to our disappearance.
             | Hell, many individual humans will probably be fine, because
             | the ability to run a complex environment-destroying
             | civilization disappears well before all the individual
             | humans do. However, that's cold comfort to people who
             | depend on modern societal conveniences, or the many people
             | who _will_ die.
             | 
             | GP's point is more about intellectual honesty, but there's
             | also a pragmatic bent to it. Many of the people who most
             | reject climate change interventionism might be swayed by a
             | line of argumentation that goes "You care more about the
             | economy than the environment? You won't _have_ an economy
             | if the environment is disturbed enough. "
        
               | konschubert wrote:
               | > the ability to run a complex environment-destroying
               | civilization disappears well before all the individual
               | humans do
               | 
               | There are self-reinforcing loops of climate change that
               | can cause runaway warming.
        
           | dkasper wrote:
           | It basically comes down to long term pain vs short term pain.
           | I don't think many people would have a problem with improving
           | our civilization's quality of life in the long run if it
           | didn't cause any lifestyle changes in the present. That's a
           | reason why Tesla's marketing has worked; you can not only be
           | "green" but also drive one of the fastest cars on the planet.
        
           | logtempo wrote:
           | > The whole environmental movement made a mistake framing
           | things as a moralistic struggle to "save the Earth, pandas
           | and pinguins." Like George Carlin famously said on this
           | subject: "the Earth will be fine. We're fucked.
           | 
           | I think the whole environmental movement have/had no power
           | against the whole industry movement, and the "save the earth"
           | call was the only accepted by the dominant class (aka
           | industry and its leaders). Also Mr. Nobody don't wanted to
           | give up his car, his investments, and his overall lifestyle
           | for some pessimist hippies that love trees or scientist that
           | don't know the real world.
           | 
           | Things are changing because of a single reason: industry and
           | economy is affected a little bit by the climate change.
        
         | jijijijij wrote:
         | I heard, the climate related "CO2 fertilization" leads to
         | increased growth in trees. However, especially on mountain
         | slopes, these trees have a lower strength and tend to break
         | more easily in storms. The breakage in softer woods in turn
         | promotes things like wind erosion and fires.
         | 
         | I think this is somewhat plausible, since the "winter side" of
         | a wood ring is the harder bit and the ratio of hard to soft
         | wood may change due to increased summer growth.
         | 
         | Iceland is the prime example of a place, which lost its trees a
         | bit - and then lost its trees for real, as a consequence. That
         | is, because of wind erosion after humans started cutting down
         | most of the island's forests for lumber.
         | 
         | Thanks, for coming to my TED talk.
        
       | BillFranklin wrote:
       | The article is a bit all over the place.
       | 
       | > So, yes, greening is complicated. It's not inherently good.
       | Sometimes it's very bad. Context, it turns out, matters a lot.
       | 
       | The tone suggests they're afraid of the change, but the article
       | can't articulate why since the reason for the change and result
       | are both possibly good and bad, but we don't really know yet.
       | 
       | The NASA MODIS project is ongoing and produces data that people
       | are using to measure "greenness" (which the article indirectly
       | cites) and has been going for 20 years
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderate_Resolution_Imaging_Sp... -
       | it's definitely an interesting dataset.
       | 
       | Didan seems to be leading the vegetation research for MODIS and
       | the data set has been cited thousands of times
       | (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=TxQK6U8AAAAJ&hl=en...)
        
         | platz wrote:
         | > The article is a bit all over the place.
         | 
         | Must an observation have an easily digestible value judgement
         | and tell you how you should think about it, or can it just be
         | allowed to present the facts and list the pros and cons.
         | 
         | which one do you think leads to a healthier media environment
         | 
         | Did you yourself not also include a portion of your comment to
         | respond to article based on its data with your own "it depends"
         | based on other data?
         | 
         | > The tone suggests they're afraid of the change
         | 
         | What do you think they lay person would immediately think about
         | 'the earth is greening' and would it be appropriate to address
         | those initial perceptions.
        
           | paulsutter wrote:
           | The issue is just the opposite: the article is making a value
           | judgment in the absence of objective data. I interpret the
           | comment saying more info and less judgement please
        
             | platz wrote:
             | The objective data is the greenness of the earth measured
             | by satellites.
             | 
             | the article offers multiple possible explanations for this
             | and what their effects might be. it acknowledges those
             | derivative outcomes are speculative.
        
               | tastyfreeze wrote:
               | All of the offered explanations still paint humans as the
               | perpetrators of a crime against the environment.
               | 
               | Not once is a greening planet painted in a positive light
               | in this article. Its as if the writer is afraid to say
               | something positive about CO2 emissions.
        
               | satvikpendem wrote:
               | They do so because, just because something is greener
               | does not make it better for humanity. For example, we can
               | have "greener" algae blooms that nevertheless eat up the
               | oxygen in a lake or ocean and then we have no fish to
               | eat.
        
               | varelaseb wrote:
               | Optimizing for "green" is not what we're trying to
               | achieve here. Mountains get greener when the tree line
               | climbs as a sign of it's ecological decline. Stable
               | forest and weather systems, biodiversity, bioavailability
               | of nutrients in the ground are things closer to the
               | interest of ecological causes.
        
               | throwawayqqq11 wrote:
               | > The objective data is the greenness of the earth
               | 
               | Which is a quantitative statement. Altered conditions
               | will not benefit every local species equally.
               | 
               | > Context matters
        
           | graycat wrote:
           | > which one do you think leads to a healthier media
           | environment
           | 
           | Hmm, apparently the answer _depends_!!!
           | 
           | What I believe is "healthier", e.g., for (1) my being
           | informed or (2) click-bait headlines, eyeballs, ad
           | revenue????
           | 
           | But, now, for
           | 
           | > the facts and list the pros and cons.
           | 
           | there is a possibility, that is, from some changes from the
           | Internet:
           | 
           | First, the basic ideas of click-bait, etc. go way back in the
           | history of many decades of _journalism_ publishers. They
           | needed a lot of revenue: Printing plants, trucks to deliver
           | literally tons of news print or magazines, ..., radio and TV
           | studios, etc. were expensive. The number of _publishers_ was
           | _constrained_ : Each major city had just two main newspapers,
           | morning and evening. There were a few national magazines.
           | Then, the number of large radio stations, TV stations, were
           | similarly limited. Un, click-bait that works in one major
           | city stands to work everywhere which creates the constraints
           | on the number of national click-bait publishers.
           | 
           | > easily digestible value judgment and tell you how you
           | should think
           | 
           | Well put. For the big publishers, that is what dominated.
           | 
           | For a good review and explanation going way back, see the
           | ~1941 movie _Meet John Doe_.
           | 
           | Second, now the decades, 100+ years, of such _journalism_ is
           | also being attempted on the Web sites of the Internet --
           | thus, your well put objection.
           | 
           | BUT ...!!!! For an audience and a publisher for
           | 
           | > the facts and list the pros and cons.
           | 
           | they no longer need be so expensive. A single tower case
           | computer can send, what, 100+ Web pages a second?
           | 
           | Sooo, now the mass audience can have subsets.
           | 
           | Some simple arithmetic:
           | 
           | Assume 1 ad per Web page sent, revenue of $1 per 1000 ads
           | displayed, sending a 24 x 7 average of 50 Web pages a second.
           | Assume pre-tax earnings are 50% of revenue.
           | 
           | Then annual earnings would be
           | 
           | 50 * 3600 * 24 * 265 / ( 1000 * 2 ) = 572,400
           | 
           | dollars.
           | 
           | Assume the business is worth 100 times annual earnings, and
           | get
           | 
           | 100 * 50 * 3600 * 24 * 265 / ( 1000 * 2 ) = 57,240,000
           | 
           | dollars.
           | 
           | A possibility for
           | 
           | > the facts and list the pros and cons.
           | 
           | is the economy: A lot of data is available. Could present it
           | in largely some simple X-Y graphs can do routinely with, say,
           | Excel in Microsoft's Office.
           | 
           | Another possibility: For COVID, start with the crucial data
           | in the report of the Phase III trials in
           | 
           | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2035389
           | 
           | COVID and medicine more generally are good subjects for
           | 
           | > the facts and list the pros and cons.
           | 
           | Follow, say, common high school standards for term papers,
           | e.g., careful references, hopefully to credible primary
           | sources.
           | 
           | Get an audience that values credibility.
           | 
           | Then get a brand, a growing audience, and a successful
           | business.
           | 
           | Hmm, yup, I have a related startup -- Web site code running
           | as intended. Should go live this year.
        
             | platz wrote:
             | thanks, hope you're doing OK bud
        
         | moosey wrote:
         | This winter in my neck of the woods I hear a lot of people
         | saying "oh, what great weather this year", because it's warm
         | and without snow.
         | 
         | If they had taken enough math to understand chaotic dynamic
         | systems, they would need be as anxious as I am. It's less that
         | I can tell you exactly what's going to happen, although there
         | are definitely things that we are certain of, like riskier
         | hurricanes.
         | 
         | What keeps me up at night is that farmers have no idea what the
         | next season will look like because we have altered the
         | conditions of the function of climate, and therefore will enter
         | a new state. We do not know where it will land and what it will
         | look like getting there, and that very likely means reduction
         | in food production.
         | 
         | Sometimes fear is justified.
        
           | throwawaymaths wrote:
           | Last few years hurricane seasons in the US have been less
           | bad, because most really bad hurricanes have turned north
           | further east than normal, avoiding coastal cities.
        
           | d0gsg0w00f wrote:
           | What are people supposed to do? Just live in guilt and fear?
           | People arent idiots simply because they're trying to make the
           | best of a bad situation
        
             | _kulang wrote:
             | I think guilt and fear might be warranted as people have
             | had a history of willingly being idiots regarding climate
             | change. Best of a bad situation is one thing. Best of a bad
             | situation which you are party to is another
        
             | silverquiet wrote:
             | > What are people supposed to do?
             | 
             | I tried drinking copiously but eventually my insides
             | started hurting. So I don't know either.
        
           | sprocket wrote:
           | I dairy farmed for 14 years, and my wife and I got out in the
           | winter of 2023. We've seen ever increasing scarcity of water
           | in our region, because the surrounding mountains don't get
           | enough snow pack whose melt feeds the streams through spring
           | and summer, and we don't see the spring rains nearly as much
           | anymore either. We used to be able to irrigate our hay fields
           | all summer long with no issues, until fall rains returned.
           | Now the rains stop in April, we irrigate until the water runs
           | out (which last year was in June), and then hope for the
           | best. When we need to buy hay for our animals, prices have
           | nearly tripled in the last 10 years.
        
         | tmnvix wrote:
         | > the change and result are both possibly good and bad, but we
         | don't really know yet.
         | 
         | I'm no scientist, but I believe the current ecological disaster
         | effecting the UK's largest lake may be an example of the type
         | of bad outcome we could expect to see more of.
         | 
         | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/feb/19/like-the...
         | 
         | It appears that a large algal bloom might be the immediate
         | cause. Apparently algal blooms benefit from higher CO2 levels.
         | 
         | https://www.epa.gov/nutrientpollution/climate-change-and-har...
         | 
         | I can't find it now, but I do remember reading some theory that
         | previous extinction events on earth were driven by large
         | amounts of organic matter breaking down anaerobically (i.e.
         | underwater) which leads to a huge increase in some pretty nasty
         | gases in the atmosphere. There have (apparently) even been
         | times when some of the world's oceans were effectively large
         | swamps.
         | 
         | Edit: My mistake, I didn't read about what I mentioned in that
         | last paragraph - I heard it on youtube.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eM1aakTzMw
         | 
         | To give the general gist of what's covered in the above
         | video/interview with paleobiologist Peter Ward:
         | 
         | 03:00 - We need a little bit of CO2, but it's easy to have too
         | much CO2
         | 
         | 04:20 - Rare Earth: Why Complex Life is Uncommon in the
         | Universe (co-written with Dan Brownlee)
         | 
         | 04:40 - Excessive heat and mortality
         | 
         | 05:12 - Volcanic activity responsible for past CO2 spikes
         | 
         | 05:40 - Previous mass extinctions
         | 
         | 05:57 - Non-animal mass extinctions
         | 
         | 07:18 - Uneven atmospheric heating
         | 
         | and much more...
         | 
         | Well worth a listen if you have the time.
        
       | huqedato wrote:
       | Finally, somebody is telling the truth about CO2. Not all is grim
       | about climate. The things are in the middle, as always. Reality
       | is neither black nor white.
       | 
       | https://futurecrunch.com/goodnews2023/
        
         | jraph wrote:
         | _The_ truth? Because everything else is lies?
         | 
         | "'Everything is on fire, but at least this guy is not cold
         | anymore!'; Cool, at least somebody is saying the truth, not
         | everything is black".
         | 
         | There's no middle. There are projections, and there are what we
         | are already seeing.
         | 
         | Of course reality is complex. Of course increasing CO2 levels
         | might have some benefits. But there's no way, all things
         | considered, it's a net benefit overall. Why would you need to
         | point out that look, there are benefits? It doesn't matter. We
         | still need to fix this and for that, we need _more_ concern
         | about climate change, not less (and above all, the relevant
         | people to be concerned).
         | 
         | All this assuming that the planet going greener is a good thing
         | at all. The second sentence of the linked article is literally
         | "Scientists are worried".
        
           | huqedato wrote:
           | There is middle! The truth is always in the middle, my
           | friend. Only the radicals do not see this.
           | 
           | Thanks everybody for downvoting me. Keep it!
        
             | jraph wrote:
             | A prefers reading black on white.
             | 
             | Z prefers reading white on black.
             | 
             | M prefers the middle, reading grey on grey.
             | 
             | No, there's no always a middle. In any case, you are not
             | pointing at a middle. You are just focusing on a(n
             | additional) fact in an ocean of known facts. A fact that
             | you seem to think changes the perspective one should have
             | on the topic.
             | 
             | I didn't downvote, but I suspect you are downvoted because
             | this is wrong and it doesn't help. We certainly don't need
             | people to tame and water things down in this topic.
        
           | exoverito wrote:
           | >But there's no way, all things considered, it's a net
           | benefit overall.
           | 
           | This seems like a very dogmatic statement to make. Especially
           | when weighed with benefits of cheap energy and economic
           | growth. A wealthier world can build the infrastructure to
           | handle potentially negative effects of climate change.
           | 
           | The more extreme environmentalists and marxists say we should
           | be engaging in degrowth, which would just result in a kind of
           | feudal and static society, even more vulnerable to climate
           | change. It should also be noted that the Little Ice Age in
           | Europe was associated with scarcity and famine, while the
           | Roman Warm Period was associated with golden ages of several
           | civilizations across the world.
        
             | jraph wrote:
             | >> But there's no way, all things considered, it's a net
             | benefit overall.
             | 
             | > This seems like a very dogmatic statement to make
             | 
             | Do you think climate change could have a net benefit? I
             | don't think that thinking that's false is dogmatic.
             | 
             | It's too late for "we'll manage". Time to go for "We need
             | to manage now" because...
             | 
             | > A wealthier world can build the infrastructure to handle
             | potentially negative effects of climate change.
             | 
             | ... has not happened. The wealthy civilization needs to
             | want it and make it a priority now.
             | 
             | Anyway, I'm replying to someone who speaks about
             | _potentially_ negative effects of climate change. _Wake
             | up!_ It 's not "potentially" anymore, it's already started!
             | 
             | "Technology will save us" is a tired trope at this point.
        
               | CatWChainsaw wrote:
               | Exactly to your point about wealthy civilizations needing
               | to want to use their excesses for good... we had an
               | agricultural revolution in the 70s and rather than feed
               | the starving we just continued same old. Now we're losing
               | topsoil, fertilizers derived from fossil fuels, stable
               | climates to grow crops, pest/weather resistance, and
               | nutrition. And we 4Xed the global population in the
               | meantime.
        
         | arp242 wrote:
         | > The things are in the middle, as always.
         | 
         | Always? Really?
         | 
         | Please, list all the advantages and nuance for leaded gasoline,
         | paint, and other uses of lead. Or maybe all the nuanced
         | advantageous effects that asbestos has on your lungs?
         | 
         | And if we move beyond environmental issues things get even more
         | ridiculous, but let's not get too side-tracked.
        
           | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
           | Oddly enough, optimization theory says that almost always the
           | best policy is as far away from the middle as possible, right
           | at the boundaries, where physical constraints intersect to
           | hold you back from taking any more extreme action.
        
       | tasty_freeze wrote:
       | Potholer54 posts well notated videos on youtube where he explains
       | (among other things) climate science and mostly debunks false
       | information. He is a geologist by degree, but has spent his
       | career in science communication. Videos are infrequent but well
       | done, and he makes no money from them. He sites his sources and
       | does a great job of tracking down primary sources, all of which
       | are linked.
       | 
       | One of his oft repeated ideas is: "Why should you believe what
       | some guy on youtube is saying about climate change? You
       | shouldn't! But if an idiot like me (potholer54) can read and
       | understand the source material, you can too." Not only does he
       | provide sources, he is very good about following up when people
       | point out mistakes in his videos.
       | 
       | Anyway, here is a two parter where he responds to the attitude
       | that CO2 is good for plant growth and so it is good for us.
       | 
       | Part 1: https://youtu.be/ZqA4bDVmBB8?si=TjwFJFR4QzFCXfGR Part 2:
       | https://youtu.be/VJoijPh2i-A?si=wUc0gfnQynZXWdHJ
       | 
       | One of the key points is that yes: if you hold everything else
       | equal and increase CO2, it does increase plant growth -- but in
       | the real world, climate change isn't just increasing CO2, it
       | affects temperatures and rainfall too. Also, some plants use "C3"
       | photosynthesis and benefit significantly from increasing CO2
       | while "C4" photosynthesis crops (like corn) don't. But there is a
       | lot more in there.
        
         | croisillon wrote:
         | thanks for the links and for summarizing them!
        
         | goatlover wrote:
         | So it's good and bad, whereas we only hear the bad part of
         | climate change. As in there's nothing good coming from climate
         | change. Which is a bit misleading. It is a big problem, but
         | some good does come from it in terms of plant growth.
        
           | brookst wrote:
           | Pop media doesn't really do nuance. If we have to frame
           | climate change as good or bad, it's clearly bad.
           | 
           | The fact that nuances make it good for some plants, for some
           | people, is true and there for those who want details. The
           | problem is that mitigating details are often used to rebut
           | the first order problem. As the brilliant marketing people in
           | Attack of the Killer Tomatoes put it, "giant tomatoes mean
           | bigger pizzas!"
        
             | tasty_freeze wrote:
             | Another common refrain from Potholer54 is: don't listen to
             | the media -- what are the climate scientists (the primary
             | sources) saying?
             | 
             | But overall the picture _is_ bad. There are regions where
             | things will benefit, and climate research has said so for
             | decades. But overall this rate of change is going to have
             | bad long term consequences for the biosphere (including
             | humans).
        
           | _fizz_buzz_ wrote:
           | The problem is that it is 5% good and 95% bad.
        
         | thelastgallon wrote:
         | Insightful video. CO2 coalition (funded by Exxon) says
         | 140-million year trend of dangerously decreasing CO2, with the
         | implication that more CO2 is good. Potholer54 talks about this
         | paper. Two insights:
         | 
         | a) CO2 levels have been below 200PPM for millions of years, and
         | life on the planet was fine.
         | 
         | b) Over 140 million years, CO2 has been dropping 0.00001
         | ppm/year. We are adding 2 PPM/year now, 200,000x faster. This
         | rate of change is unprecedented.
        
       | gmuslera wrote:
       | The Texas Sharpshooter fallacy is something we must be able to
       | see. We get a lot of effects of a larger change, and pick the one
       | that in a partial way, in a particular light, can be painted as
       | positive.
       | 
       | There are a lot of "greener" things, the article talks only about
       | a few of them, and some particular consequences. For example,
       | greening in northern regions because losing permafrost is not
       | positive, and lowering albedo (compared with not so dark colours)
       | also increases warming. It is not something even across the whole
       | planet or land regions, it may or not lead to sustainable CO2
       | level reductions, and when depleted water sources falls down, it
       | could lead to more emissions.
       | 
       | It should be part of a bigger and complex process that is
       | happening, it might slow down some bad trends in some particular
       | regions, but the whole picture matters, and the trends of the big
       | problem seem to not be affected, or at least seem to keep going
       | strong(er) in the same bad direction.
        
         | throwawaymaths wrote:
         | But actually people predicted this positive effect of warming
         | long ago. I believe the specific prediction was that global
         | food production would increase as warming + co2 enrichment
         | increased production in politically and economically stable and
         | responsible nations (at the expense of... Less stable, less
         | responsible nations). You can argue if the aggregate measure of
         | production is more or less important than the distribution, but
         | that prediction was made nonetheless.
        
           | varelaseb wrote:
           | Could you share some more info on that prediction? I'd love
           | to read up
        
             | Lammy wrote:
             | Probably not what you're looking for but it always makes me
             | think of Jeffrey Jones' "Wholly Holy" (1972), the
             | penultimate story in this 1983 collection:
             | https://www.zipcomic.com/ravens-and-rainbows-issue-full
             | (not sure how to deep link to the exact page)
             | 
             | Also check out "Explored" and "Spirit of '76" before it,
             | just because they're cool :)
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | It's difficult to get good estimates of biosphere uptake and
       | release of atmospheric carbon by looking at satellite color data
       | - those numbers involve a lot of modeling. Rough estimates are
       | that the biosphere cycles 100 gigatons of carbon a year through
       | the atmosphere (plants taking up CO2 to form biomass,
       | fungi/insects/animals breaking down plant matter to CO2), while
       | human fossil fuel emissions are on the order of 9 gigatons C per
       | year at present, perhaps half of which stays in the atmosphere
       | long-term.
       | 
       | There's little doubt that the planet is heading back to Pliocene
       | conditions at a steady clip, and of course life was abundant back
       | then - indeed without fossil fuels the planet would be on a
       | steady cooling trend back to another ice age (it would take some
       | 70,000 years though to reach another ice age maximum), so if you
       | want to celebrate that achievement, go ahead - but note, you
       | don't want to overshoot the target so immediate elimination of
       | fossil fuel combustion as an energy source is the only rational
       | conclusion.
       | 
       | Here's a paper on the issue of how to link satellite color data
       | to photosynthetic production, see Figs 5 / 6/ 7 for estimates of
       | very moderate increases from 1982-2017 (satellite collection only
       | began c.1982) across the northern hemisphere (but steep declines
       | in the Amazon):
       | 
       | "Improved estimate of global gross primary production for
       | reproducing its long-term variation, 1982-2017", Zheng et. al
       | 2020
       | 
       | Atmospheric CO2 accumulation increased from ~1.5 to ~2.5 ppm/year
       | over that period, coinciding with a rough doubling in global
       | fossil fuel consumption since 1980 (plus a lot of nitrogen
       | fertilizers), along with a +0.2C per decade (5yr running avg)
       | temperature increase.
        
       | DataDaemon wrote:
       | This is nothing new that more CO2 = greener Earth.
        
       | slibhb wrote:
       | The article reads like "yes the Earth is greening, yes this is
       | probably mostly good, but it's not all good and besides we aren't
       | allowed to say anything positive about the environment".
        
         | wredue wrote:
         | It's the same reason a demonstrably racist person can't make
         | racists jokes, but a demonstrably not racist person can get
         | away with racist jokes.
         | 
         | Where the statements are coming from makes a huge difference in
         | their reception.
         | 
         | "The earth is greening" is a popular argument from climate
         | change deniers as "proof" that we're not currently living in a
         | catastrophic upset of species diversity (we measurably are).
         | 
         | The problem with "the earth is greening" is that, while it is
         | true that the earth is green for longer, and that the brown is
         | around for less time, this is measurably not a good thing, and
         | it also completely ignores that desertification is also
         | measurably occurring at staggering rates.
         | 
         | The green parts are more green than brown, but they're also
         | shrinking. Extreme weather events are increasing in frequency.
        
           | drewcoo wrote:
           | > It's the same reason a demonstrably racist person can't
           | make racists jokes, but a demonstrably not racist person can
           | get away with racist jokes.
           | 
           | So be a "good person" and you can tell any "jokes" you like.
           | Happy Black History Month!
        
             | wredue wrote:
             | That's not what I said. I said they can get away with it.
             | 
             | "Getting away with it" for bigoted jokes has a lot of
             | nuance and context sensitivity.
             | 
             | For comedians including bigoted jokes in their set, it's
             | usually surrounded with self deprecation, self awareness,
             | not the whole set, and is extremely careful about how they
             | go about crossing the line, they know that they crossed a
             | line and bring it back.
             | 
             | This is contrary to bigoted people telling bigoted "jokes".
             | It's usually their whole set. They keep the set over the
             | line. There's no self reflection. It is bigotry coming from
             | a place of bigotry.
             | 
             | I know that you on the alt-right tend to lack the
             | capability to process nuance, and that you're going to
             | completely latch on to that single byte. So further
             | explanation of why there's a difference means nothing to
             | you, but hopefully others see that being able to get away
             | with a bigoted joke now and again is absolutely not the
             | same thing as it "being okay".
        
       | bradley13 wrote:
       | If the world were getting browner, they would panic. It's getting
       | greener, so they have to try a bit harder, but they still manage
       | to panic.
       | 
       | Panic --> Clickbait --> Ads --> Money
        
         | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
         | Someday our descendants (if any) will wonder how stupid we had
         | to be to allow large scale psychological poisoning for profit.
        
         | deadeye wrote:
         | My 86-year-old grandmother noticed no change in the climate
         | over the course of her life. Meanwhile, we now have 15-year-old
         | kids absolutely panicking over how much the climate has changed
         | in the last 100 years, convinced their grandparents generation
         | has doomed them to a heat death. It's bazar.
        
           | zer0tonin wrote:
           | > My 86-year-old grandmother noticed no change in the climate
           | over the course of her life.
           | 
           | She should consider getting checked for dementia.
        
         | throw310822 wrote:
         | You will be downvoted to death, but whatever one thinks of
         | climate change, the one you outlined is a very real effect and
         | deserves to be considered seriously. Media sell what people get
         | excited about; people get excited about bad news; media publish
         | bad news; bad news become part of the society's worldview;
         | society becomes focused on the issue and digs for more bad
         | news.
        
       | dsizzle wrote:
       | I get that things are complicated, but I can't help but notice
       | the inherent bias toward fear, present in the subtitile
       | "scientists are worried." Or maybe it's a bias against change.
       | What are the odds that the state without any human intervention
       | is optimal?
        
       | atoav wrote:
       | Important to note is that there have been studies that ahow that
       | the increase in growth due to CO2 in the atmosphere does _not_
       | translate to an increase in nutritients.
        
       | d0gsg0w00f wrote:
       | This thread is full of people performing a lot of gymnastics to
       | explain how this is a bad thing.
       | 
       | I think it's rather beautiful that the earth is compensating and
       | creating a reversing effect. It's like a scab over a wound to
       | give us time to heal it.
        
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